WO2022050519A1 - Système optique de dispositif d'affichage monté sur la tête et dispositif d'affichage monté sur la tête utilisant celui-ci - Google Patents

Système optique de dispositif d'affichage monté sur la tête et dispositif d'affichage monté sur la tête utilisant celui-ci Download PDF

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WO2022050519A1
WO2022050519A1 PCT/KR2021/001093 KR2021001093W WO2022050519A1 WO 2022050519 A1 WO2022050519 A1 WO 2022050519A1 KR 2021001093 W KR2021001093 W KR 2021001093W WO 2022050519 A1 WO2022050519 A1 WO 2022050519A1
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image light
waveguide
incident
angle
optical system
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PCT/KR2021/001093
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
박재완
한동호
최장호
유선영
이상준
Original Assignee
주식회사 맥스트
주식회사 파노비젼
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Publication of WO2022050519A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022050519A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to head mounted displays.
  • a head mounted display is a device that displays an image while worn on a user's head. Recently, a technology for providing content of virtual reality or augmented reality using a head mounted display is increasing.
  • the disclosed embodiment is to provide an optical system of a head mounted display capable of obtaining a wider viewing angle while reducing the thickness of the optical system, and a head mounted display having the same.
  • the disclosed embodiment is to provide an optical system for a head mounted display having an inverse active exit pupil expansion function and a head mounted display having the same.
  • An optical system of a head mounted display includes: a display panel for generating image light; a reflective polarizing plate that reflects one of the polarization components of the image light; a convex curved mirror for enlarging the image light reflected from the reflective polarizing plate and reflecting it toward the reflective polarizing plate; a phase shift film disposed between the reflective polarizing plate and the convex curved mirror and configured to change a polarization direction of the image light; an incident lens for collimating the image light reflected from the convex curved mirror and transmitted through the reflective polarizing plate; and a waveguide on which the light collimated by the incident lens is incident, and a waveguide for emitting the incident image light toward the user's eye, wherein the waveguide includes: a first surface on which the light collimated by the incident lens is incident; a second surface provided parallel to the first surface and emitting the image light totally reflected from the first surface toward the user's eye; and a plurality of inclined portions
  • the image light is provided to be inclined at a predetermined angle from the first surface so that the image light is totally reflected from the first surface, and the inclination angle ⁇ i of the entrance surface of the waveguide and the inclination angle ⁇ r of the inclined portion are the relationship according to the following equation have,
  • the incident angle ⁇ 0 of the image light collimated by the incident lens and the inclination angle ⁇ i of the entrance face have a relationship according to the following equation,
  • n 1 refractive index of the waveguide
  • the incident angle ⁇ 0 is an angle at which the image light collimated by the incident lens is inclined with respect to an axis perpendicular to the entrance surface of the waveguide
  • the inclination angle ⁇ i is the angle at which the entrance surface of the waveguide is the second 1 is an inclined angle with respect to the surface
  • the inclined portion may be partially reflectively coated to partially reflect the image light totally reflected from the first surface to change the direction of the image light toward the eye side of the user.
  • the inclined portion may be provided with a length smaller than a width of the waveguide, one end connected to the second surface, and the other end spaced apart from the first surface.
  • the image light collimated by the incident lens may be primarily focused before reaching the inclined portion, and may be provided to be secondary focused in front of the user's eyes by the inclined portion after being totally reflected on the first surface.
  • a plurality of the inclined portions are produced by injection molding individually, a plurality of pieces are arranged in a line so as to be in contact with each other, and then partially reflective coated on one surface, and the plurality of portions are rotated at a predetermined angle to have an inclination with respect to the second surface. It may be provided by being bonded to the second surface of the waveguide.
  • the inclined portion may be made of a material having the same refractive index as that of the waveguide.
  • the phase shift film is configured to displace the polarization direction of the image light reflected from the reflective polarizing plate by ⁇ /4 ( ⁇ : wavelength of the image light), and displace the polarization direction of the image light reflected from the convex curved mirror by ⁇ /4 catalog may be prepared.
  • the field of view (FoV) according to the image light is set by the incident angle ⁇ 0 determined by the above equations, and the relationship between the incident angle ⁇ 0 and the viewing angle of the image light is in the following equation can be expressed by
  • An optical system of a head mounted display has a first surface and a second surface parallel to each other, and image light collimated by the optical system is incident on the first surface, and the incident image light a waveguide for emitting the light to the user's eye side through the second surface; and a plurality of inclined portions provided on the second surface of the waveguide to be spaced apart from each other and parallel to each other and provided to be inclined at a predetermined angle from the second surface, wherein the entrance surface of the waveguide includes image light collimated through the optical system.
  • the incident angle ⁇ 0 of the image light collimated by the incident lens and the inclination angle ⁇ i of the entrance face have a relationship according to the following equation,
  • n 1 refractive index of the waveguide
  • the incident angle ⁇ 0 is an angle at which the image light collimated by the optical system is inclined with respect to an axis perpendicular to the entrance surface of the waveguide
  • the inclination angle ⁇ i is the angle at which the entrance surface of the waveguide is the first It is an angle inclined with respect to the surface, and by the relationship according to the above equation, the collimated image light is totally reflected from the first surface, is incident on the inclined portion, is reflected from the inclined portion, and can be emitted toward the user's eye. there is.
  • the primary focused image light by causing the primary focused image light to be secondary focused in front of the user's eyes through a plurality of inclinations in the waveguide, the area in which the user can check the entire image can be expanded and the viewing angle can be expanded. be able to That is, since a wide viewing angle can be realized by re-activating the already-focused image light through a plurality of inclinations in the waveguide, users having various eye intervals or eye positions can comfortably view the virtual image.
  • FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a head mounted display according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing an optical system of a head mounted display having an inverse eye-box extensible function according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a state of inversely activating a previously focused image light in an optical system of a head mounted display according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a view illustrating a state in which an exit pupil is expanded in an optical system of a head mounted display according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an entrance angle of a waveguide and an inclination angle of an inclined portion in an optical system of a head mounted display according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an inclination angle of an entrance surface of a waveguide and an incident angle of image light in an optical system of a head mounted display according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a method of forming an inclined portion in a waveguide in an optical system of a head mounted display according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the terms "transmission”, “communication”, “transmission”, “reception” and other similar meanings of a signal or information are not only directly transmitted from one component to another component, but also a signal or information This includes passing through other components.
  • to “transmit” or “transmit” a signal or information to a component indicates the final destination of the signal or information and does not imply a direct destination. The same is true for “reception” of signals or information.
  • first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The above terms may be used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component.
  • a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may also be referred to as a first component.
  • FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a head mounted display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a head mounted display 100 is provided to be worn on a user's head, and refers to a device for displaying and providing content to a user through a display screen.
  • the head mounted display 100 may display various contents such as 3D contents, augmented reality contents, virtual reality contents, and images on a screen using an image display means.
  • the image display means is for visually displaying various types of content, and may include, for example, an LCD panel, an OLED panel, an LCoS panel, a PDP, a transparent display, and the like.
  • the head mounted display 100 may be implemented as various types of devices (eg, including smart glasses) configured to be worn on a user's head.
  • the head mounted display 100 may be provided in a see-through form.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an optical system of a head mounted display having an inverse eye-box extensible function according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical system 102 of the head mounted display 100 includes a display panel 111 , a reflective polarizer 113 , a phase shift film 115 , a convex mirror 117 , and an incident lens 119 . ), a waveguide 121 , and an inclined portion 123 .
  • the display panel 111 may generate image light of content to be displayed on the head mounted display 100 .
  • the display panel 111 may have various forms such as an LCD panel, an OLED panel, an LCoS panel, and a PDP.
  • the reflective polarizing plate 113 may be positioned in front of the display panel 111 .
  • the reflective polarizer 113 may reflect one of the polarization components of the image light generated by the display panel 111 toward the convex mirror 117 . That is, the reflective polarizing plate 113 may reflect either the P-wave or the S-wave of the image light generated by the display panel 111 toward the convex mirror 117 .
  • the reflective polarizing plate 113 is formed in front of the display panel 111 with the display panel 111 to reflect one of the P-wave and the S-wave among the image light generated by the display panel 111 toward the convex mirror 117 . In contrast, it may be provided to be inclined.
  • the phase shift film 115 may be provided between the reflective polarizing plate 113 and the convex curved mirror 117 .
  • the phase shift film 115 may be provided on one surface of the convex curved mirror 117 , but is not limited thereto.
  • the phase shift film 115 may change the polarization direction of the image light reflected from the reflective polarizing plate 113 .
  • the phase shift film 115 may shift the polarization direction of the image light reflected from the reflective polarizing plate 113 by ⁇ /4 ( ⁇ is the wavelength of the image light). That is, the phase shift film 115 may be a ⁇ /4 phase shift film.
  • the phase shift film 115 may shift the polarization direction of the image light internally reflected from the convex curved mirror 117 by ⁇ /4 ( ⁇ is the wavelength of the image light).
  • the convex curved mirror 117 may be positioned in a traveling direction of the image light reflected from the reflective polarizing plate 113 .
  • the convex curved mirror 117 may be positioned on the reflective polarizing plate 113 .
  • the convex curved mirror 117 may enlarge and internally reflect the image light reflected from the reflective polarizing plate 113 .
  • the other surface (ie, the surface opposite to the surface on which the phase shift film 115 is formed) 117a of the convex curved mirror 117 may be coated with a reflective coating to internally reflect image light.
  • the polarization direction of the image light magnified and internally reflected by the convex mirror 117 is changed again while passing through the phase shift film 115 .
  • the phase shift film 115 is a ⁇ /4 phase shift film
  • the image light reflected from the reflective polarizing plate 113 has a polarization direction shifted by ⁇ /4 by the phase shift film 115, and a convex curved mirror ( 117)
  • the polarization direction is displaced by ⁇ /4 again through the phase shift film 115 after being enlarged and internally reflected, and the total displacement in the polarization direction is made by ⁇ /2, resulting in a reflective polarizing plate 113 will pass through That is, since the image light is shifted in the polarization direction by a total of ⁇ /2 by the phase shift film 115 , it passes through the reflective polarizing plate 113 without being reflected from the reflective polarizing plate 113 .
  • the incident lens 119 may be positioned between the reflective polarizing plate 113 and the waveguide 121 .
  • the incident lens 119 may be located under the reflective polarizing plate 113 .
  • the incident lens 119 may be provided at a position opposite to the convex curved mirror 117 with respect to the reflective polarizing plate 113 .
  • the incident lens 119 may collimate the image light passing through the reflective polarizing plate 113 to be incident on the waveguide 121 .
  • the waveguide 121 may be positioned in front of the user's eyes.
  • the waveguide 121 may be provided to have a predetermined length in a vertical direction from a lower portion of the incident lens 119 .
  • the waveguide 121 may include a first surface 121a and a second surface 121b that are parallel to each other.
  • the first surface 121a may be a surface on which the image light collimated by the incident lens 119 is incident.
  • the first surface 121a may be disposed at a specific angle with the incident surface to totally reflect the image light collimated by the incident lens 119 .
  • the second surface 121b may be a surface through which image light is emitted toward the user's eyes.
  • the second surface 121b may emit the image light totally reflected from the first surface 121a toward the user's eyes.
  • the second surface 121b may be a surface facing the user's eyes.
  • the first surface 121a may be a surface opposite to the second surface 121b of the waveguide 121 .
  • the entrance of the waveguide 121 may be provided with a cross-sectional area wider than that of the main body (a portion where the inclined portion 123 is formed) of the waveguide 121 .
  • the entrance surface of the waveguide 121 ie, the incident surface on which the image light collimated by the incident lens 119 is incident
  • the entrance surface of the waveguide 121 may be inclined at a predetermined angle.
  • both the maximum and minimum angles of the image light collimated by the incident lens 119 cannot pass through the waveguide 121 and are totally reflected on the first surface 121a of the waveguide 121, but , may be provided at an angle to minimize the number of total reflection. A detailed description thereof will be described later with reference to FIG. 5 .
  • the inclined portion 123 may be provided in the waveguide 121 .
  • a plurality of inclined portions 123 may be provided to be spaced apart from each other in the waveguide 121 .
  • the interval between the inclined portions 123 may be within 2 mm. In this case, it is possible to provide a continuous image while reducing loss of image light.
  • the inclined portion 123 may be provided on the surface (ie, the second surface 121b) from which the image light is emitted within the waveguide 121 .
  • the inclined portion 123 may be provided to be inclined at a predetermined angle from the second surface 121b to the second surface 121b.
  • the inclined portion 123 may be provided with a length smaller than the width of the waveguide 121 .
  • the inclined portion 123 having one end connected to the second surface 121b may be provided with the other end spaced apart from the first surface 121a.
  • the inclined portion 123 may partially reflect the image light totally reflected from the first surface 121a to change the direction of the image light to the user's eye direction.
  • the inclined portion 123 may be provided with a partially reflective coating. As the inclined portion 123 is partially reflectively coated, the user can also see the image light reflected from the inclined portion 123 while viewing the external background on the other side of the waveguide 121 .
  • the image light whose direction is changed by the inclination part 123 is emitted toward the user's eyes through the second surface 121b.
  • the inclination part 123 may be provided so that the collimated image light passes through a focusing point and is reversely focused again to be transmitted to the user's eyes. A detailed description thereof will be described with reference to FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a state in which a previously focused image light is reversely activated in the optical system of the head mounted display according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 (a) is a view showing a state in which the image light passing through the focusing point is reflected from a general reflective surface and transmitted to the user,
  • Figure 3 (b) is through a partially reflected inclined portion according to the disclosed embodiment
  • It is a diagram illustrating a state in which the focusing point is reversely activated.
  • the image light collimated by the optical system 50 intersects the maximum inclined light L1 on one side and the maximum inclined light L2 on the other side of the image light at the focusing point F. will proceed in the form.
  • the two maximum inclined lights L1 and L2 reflected from the general reflective surface 60 toward the user are not focused and continue to diverge.
  • the light forming the image does not reach the user's pupil, so the entire screen cannot be viewed, and the entire image can be viewed only by moving the eye to the focusing point (F). have no choice but to have
  • the exit pupil becomes narrower, so there is a limit in expanding the field of view that determines the size of the virtual image.
  • the image light collimated by the optical system 50 has two maximum inclined lights L1 and L2 at the primary focusing point F1 as in FIG. 3 (a). They intersect and diverge from each other.
  • the one-side maximum inclined light L1 is first reflected by the first inclined portion 71 , and the second maximum inclined light L2 is reflected from the second inclined portion 72 after passing a certain distance and has already been emitted.
  • a secondary focusing point F2 that activates inversely is generated. That is, by creating the secondary focusing point F2 between the first and second inclined portions 71 and 72 and the user's eye, the entire image can be checked even at a distance from the optical system 50 , It is possible to easily construct an optical system with an extension of the exit pupil and a wide viewing angle.
  • the two maximum oblique lights L1 and L2 that are emitted after passing through the primary focusing point F1 may be secondarily focused again through the plurality of inclination units 71 and 72 .
  • the two maximum oblique lights L1 and L2 intersect at the secondary focusing point F2 formed in front of the user's eyes, the entire image can be checked from the user's eyes and a wide viewing angle can be configured.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an exit pupil is expanded in an optical system of a head mounted display according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a bundle of image rays collimated by the incident lens 119 is incident into the waveguide 121 to form a primary exit pupil region E1 (ie, primary focusing region).
  • the primary exit pupil region E1 may be formed before reaching the inclined portion 123 .
  • the image beam group is totally reflected from the first surface 121a and then reflected from the inclined portions 123 formed on the second surface 121b provided in parallel with the first surface 121a, respectively, in front of the user's eyes.
  • the secondary exit pupil region E2 ie, secondary focusing region
  • the bundle of image beams passing through the primary exit pupil region E1 forms the secondary exit pupil region E2 in front of the user's eyes through the plurality of inclined portions 123 partially reflectively coated, so that the optical system (including the display panel 111, the reflective polarizer 113, the phase shift film 115, the convex mirror 117, and the incident lens 119) to increase the area in which the entire image can be checked even at a long distance and, accordingly, it is possible to easily configure a wide viewing angle.
  • the optical system including the display panel 111, the reflective polarizer 113, the phase shift film 115, the convex mirror 117, and the incident lens 119
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an entrance angle of a waveguide and an inclination angle of an inclined portion in an optical system of a head mounted display according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the entrance surface 121c of the waveguide 121 may be inclined at a predetermined angle ⁇ i with the first surface 121a. That is, the entrance surface 121c of the waveguide 121 on which the image ray group of the bundle collimated through the optical system is incident is constant so that all the image ray groups of the incident bundle are totally reflected on the first surface 121a of the waveguide 121 .
  • the angle ⁇ i may be inclined.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ i of the entrance surface 121c of the waveguide 121 and the inclination angle of the inclined portion 123 ( ⁇ r ) may have a relationship as in Equation 1 below.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ i of the entrance surface 121c of the waveguide 121 capable of limiting the number of total reflections within the waveguide 121 to 1 to 2 and the It becomes possible to set the inclination angle ⁇ r .
  • the inclination angle ⁇ i of the entrance surface 121c of the waveguide 121 capable of limiting the number of total reflections within the waveguide 121 to 1 to 2 and the It becomes possible to set the inclination angle ⁇ r .
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an inclination angle of an entrance surface of a waveguide and an incident angle of image light in an optical system of a head mounted display according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the field of view (FoV) that determines the size of the virtual screen according to the image light is the angle ( ⁇ ) at which the image light collimated by the optical system is incident on the entrance surface 121c of the waveguide 121 . 0 ) and has the same relationship as Equation 2 below.
  • the incident angle ⁇ 0 of the image light may mean an angle inclined with respect to an axis perpendicular to the entrance surface 121c.
  • the image light incident on the entrance surface 121c of the waveguide 121 is refracted by the refractive index of the waveguide 121 inside the waveguide 121 .
  • the incident angle ⁇ 0 of the image light and the refraction angle ⁇ 1 refracted by the refractive index of the waveguide 121 have the same relationship as in Equation 3.
  • n 1 represents the refractive index of the waveguide 121 .
  • the angle ⁇ 2 of the totally reflected image light must be greater than the total internal reflection critical angle ⁇ c of the waveguide 121 as shown in Equation 5 below.
  • Equation 5 can be expressed again as Equation 6 below.
  • Equation 6 can be expressed as a relationship between the incident angle ⁇ 0 of the image light and the inclination angle ⁇ i of the entrance surface 121c of the waveguide 121 as in Equation 7 .
  • Equation 7 it is possible to set a maximum viewing angle that determines the size of a virtual image that is totally reflected in the waveguide 121 and transmitted to the user through the inclination unit 123 .
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a method of forming an inclined portion in a waveguide in an optical system of a head mounted display according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • a plurality of inclined portions 123 to be provided in the waveguide 121 may be respectively formed by injection molding ( FIG. 7A ).
  • a plurality of inclined portions 123 are provided in the form of a plate to be provided in parallel with each other in the waveguide 121 , and the shape may be provided in any one of a parallelogram, a triangle, a rectangle, and a trapezoid.
  • the inclined portion 123 may be formed by injection molding with a material having the same refractive index as that of the waveguide 121 .
  • partial reflection coating may be performed on one surface of the plurality of inclined portions 123 ( FIG. 7B ).
  • the plurality of inclined portions 123 may be rotated at the same angle to have an inclination, and the partially reflective coated surfaces may be arranged to be parallel to each other (FIG. 7(c)).
  • the plurality of inclined portions 123 inclined at a predetermined angle may be bonded to the second surface 121b of the waveguide 121 (FIG. 7(d)).
  • the same image light as the image light partially reflected through each inclined part 123 partially passes through the corresponding inclined part 123 and is partially reflected again at the next inclined part 123 , so that an additional exit pupil expansion function is performed.

Abstract

Système optique d'un dispositif d'affichage monté sur la tête et dispositif d'affichage monté sur la tête pourvu de celui-ci. Le système optique, selon un mode de réalisation décrit, comprend : un panneau d'affichage pour générer une lumière d'image ; une plaque de polarisation réfléchissante pour réfléchir une composante polarisée parmi des composantes polarisées de la lumière d'image ; un miroir incurvé convexe pour agrandir la lumière d'image réfléchie depuis la plaque de polarisation réfléchissante, et réfléchir celle-ci vers la plaque de polarisation réfléchissante ; un film de déphasage disposé entre la plaque de polarisation réfléchissante et le miroir incurvé convexe de façon à changer la direction de polarisation de la lumière d'image ; une lentille d'incidence pour collimater la lumière d'image qui a été réfléchie depuis le miroir incurvé convexe et transmise à travers la plaque de polarisation réfléchissante ; et un guide d'ondes ayant la lumière, collimatée par la lentille incidente, incident sur celui-ci, et émettant la lumière d'image incidente vers un œil d'un utilisateur.
PCT/KR2021/001093 2020-09-02 2021-01-27 Système optique de dispositif d'affichage monté sur la tête et dispositif d'affichage monté sur la tête utilisant celui-ci WO2022050519A1 (fr)

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KR20160146814A (ko) * 2014-04-23 2016-12-21 루머스 리미티드 콤팩트한 헤드 마운트 디스플레이 시스템
KR20170030594A (ko) * 2014-08-18 2017-03-17 세이코 엡슨 가부시키가이샤 도광 장치 및 허상 표시 장치
JP2017049511A (ja) * 2015-09-04 2017-03-09 セイコーエプソン株式会社 導光装置及び虚像表示装置
JP2019197079A (ja) * 2018-05-07 2019-11-14 セイコーエプソン株式会社 虚像表示装置

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