WO2022048157A1 - 增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法 - Google Patents

增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022048157A1
WO2022048157A1 PCT/CN2021/087232 CN2021087232W WO2022048157A1 WO 2022048157 A1 WO2022048157 A1 WO 2022048157A1 CN 2021087232 W CN2021087232 W CN 2021087232W WO 2022048157 A1 WO2022048157 A1 WO 2022048157A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
hole
piston head
output power
sleeve
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PCT/CN2021/087232
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余长柏
钱伟强
许剑
张顺
杨凡
王凌寒
罗士慨
邓福成
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中石化石油机械股份有限公司
中石化石油机械股份有限公司研究院
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Publication of WO2022048157A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022048157A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B28/00—Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

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  • the invention relates to the field of oil drilling and production equipment, in particular to a method for increasing the output power of a jet hydraulic oscillator.
  • the problem is that the pressure loss of this solution is high, usually reaching 3-4Mpa, and the service life is usually less than 500 hours, and the price of the screw motor is very high, such as the structure similar to the Chinese patent document CN205778542U.
  • the jet structure uses the vortex cavity to generate vibration and the periodic change of the pressure medium to generate high-frequency vibration, but the pressure loss of this scheme is only 0.2-0.3Mpa, the frequency is high, and the frequency cannot be controlled.
  • the structure in Chinese patent document CN104963624A 3.
  • Turbine structure the rotor of the turbine drives the rotor to rotate, so that the flow cross-section of the hole between the rotor and the static plate changes periodically to generate vibration.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for increasing the output power of the jet hydraulic oscillator, which can overcome the defects in the prior art, increase the output power of the jet hydraulic oscillator, and generate a vibration pattern that meets the needs of underground construction. , including suitable amplitude and vibration frequency, with low pressure loss, few moving parts and long service life.
  • the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a method for increasing the output power of a jet hydraulic oscillator, which connects the vortex cavity body with the piston body, the piston body and the piston sleeve are slidably connected, and the piston body and the piston sleeve are slidably connected.
  • a disc spring is arranged between the piston sleeves;
  • an axial relative motion mechanism In the pressure medium flow channel from the vortex cavity to the piston sleeve, an axial relative motion mechanism is arranged, and the axial relative motion mechanism uses the axial relative motion generated by the excitation of the vortex cavity to change the flow of the pressure medium. flow section;
  • the output power generated by the excitation is increased by the above steps.
  • a vortex cavity is fixed in the outer sleeve, an inlet hole is arranged at one end of the vortex cavity, and an outlet hole is arranged at the other end of the vortex cavity, and the outlet hole is located at the center of the vortex cavity;
  • the outer wall of the piston body is provided with an outer spline segment
  • the inner wall of the piston sleeve is provided with an inner spline segment
  • the outer spline segment is slidingly engaged with the inner spline segment to slide relatively and transmit torque
  • the structure of the relative motion mechanism in the axial direction is as follows: a chute is provided at the inlet end of the inlet hole or at the inlet end of the outlet hole, the movable slider is slidably installed in the chute, and one end of the stroke of the movable slider is covered.
  • the inlet or outlet orifice, the other end of the stroke, completely leaves or the outlet orifice to alternately restrict the flow cross-section of the inlet orifice.
  • both ends of the chute form a first impact surface and a second impact surface, which are used to collide with the movable slider, so as to transmit the excitation vibration of the vortex cavity to the movable slider.
  • the disc spring between the piston body and the piston sleeve is used to make the piston body and the piston sleeve closer;
  • leaf springs on both sides of the chute, and the leaf springs are connected with the moving slider;
  • the leaf spring tends to move the sliding block away from the inlet or outlet orifice from the upstream direction.
  • one end of the leaf spring is inserted into the arc-shaped groove, the other end of the leaf spring is inserted into the movable slider, and at least one end of the leaf spring is movably connected;
  • the disc spring between the piston body and the piston sleeve is used to make the piston body and the piston sleeve closer;
  • a spring is provided in the downstream direction of the movable slider, which tends to move the movable slider away from the inlet or outlet orifice from the upstream direction.
  • a vortex cavity is fixed in the outer sleeve, a piston body is arranged downstream of the vortex cavity, the piston body is slidably sleeved with the piston sleeve, and a disc spring is arranged between the piston body and the piston sleeve , the disc spring is used to drive the piston body and the piston sleeve closer;
  • the outer wall of the piston body is provided with an outer spline segment
  • the inner wall of the piston sleeve is provided with an inner spline segment
  • the outer spline segment is in sliding engagement with the inner spline segment. to slide relative to each other and transmit torque;
  • the structure of the relative movement mechanism in the axial direction is as follows: the piston body is provided with an axial through hole, the end of the piston body away from the vortex cavity is provided with a piston head, the piston head is provided with a hollow cavity communicated with the axial through hole, and the piston The free end of the head is closed, and the side flow hole of the piston head is arranged on the side wall;
  • the hollow cavity of the piston head is provided with a slip ring that slides in the axial direction.
  • the slip ring is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod passing through the piston head, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the fixed seat, which is fixed to the piston sleeve.
  • the slip ring is located at the edge of the piston head side flow hole, so that one end part of the slip ring stroke covers the piston head side flow hole.
  • the connecting rod is slidably and sealedly connected to the piston head
  • the slip ring is a ring-shaped structure, the outer wall of the slip ring is slidably and sealedly connected to the inner wall of the piston head, the inner wall of the slip ring is fixedly connected to the connecting rods through a plurality of first transverse connecting rods, and the gaps between the first transverse connecting rods are form an overcurrent channel;
  • the outer wall of the fixed seat is fixedly connected with the piston sleeve, the fixed seat is fixedly connected with the connecting rods through a plurality of second transverse connecting rods, and the gaps between the second transverse connecting rods constitute a flow passage.
  • the piston head side flow holes are arranged radially or inclined in the downstream direction, and the end face of the piston head is also provided with an axial piston head outlet flow passage, which is connected to the piston head.
  • the head side flow hole is connected;
  • the slip ring is located on the upstream side of the piston head side flow hole
  • a method for increasing the output power of a jet hydraulic oscillator provided by the present invention can increase the vibration amplitude of the vortex cavity body, reduce the vibration frequency, and further increase the The output power of the large jet hydraulic oscillator can obtain the vibration form that meets the needs of the underground construction, that is, the appropriate amplitude and vibration frequency.
  • the jet hydraulic oscillator of the method of the invention has few moving parts, long service life, extremely low pressure loss in the driving parts, and high output efficiency. Different from the dynamic and static vibration excitation structures driven by the screw motor or the turbine structure, only a small part of the piezoresistance of the present invention is consumed by the driving device or the transmission mechanism, and most of it is converted into vibration output, so that the effective output power is high. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the back of the vortex cavity in the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of another preferred solution of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the chute and the movable slider of the vortex cavity in the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the vortex cavity of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of another preferred solution of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the piston head of the present invention.
  • FIG 9 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of the piston head in the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a vibration curve of the present invention.
  • outer sleeve 1 vortex cavity 2
  • inlet channel 201 inlet hole 202, outlet hole 203, outlet channel 204, vortex cavity 205, central channel 206, outer ring channel 207, switching channel 208, tangential flow channel 209, switching flow channel 210, chute 21, movable slider 22, leaf spring 23, first impact surface 24, second impact surface 25, arc groove 26, spring 27, piston body 3, Piston head side flow hole 31, piston head outlet 32, piston head 33, outer spline section 4, inner spline section 5, disc spring 6, connecting head 7, slip ring 71, connecting rod 72, fixed seat 73, The first transverse connecting rod 74 , the second transverse connecting rod 75 , the sealing ring 8 , and the piston sleeve 9 .
  • a method for increasing the output power of a jet hydraulic oscillator is to connect the vortex cavity body 2 with the piston body 3, the piston body 3 and the piston sleeve 9 are slidably connected, and the piston body 3 and the piston sleeve are connected in a sliding manner.
  • an axial relative motion mechanism is arranged, and the axial relative motion mechanism uses the axial relative motion generated by the excitation of the vortex cavity 2 to change the pressure.
  • the output power generated by the excitation is increased by the above steps.
  • the relative motion mechanism in the axial direction is generated by the excitation of the vortex cavity body 2, and then the relative motion mechanism in the axial direction is used to change the flow cross section of the pressure medium, thereby making the piston body 3 and the piston body 3.
  • the piezoresistance of the pressure medium is converted into vibration between the sleeves 9 under the action of the disc spring, so that the output power of the excitation is increased.
  • a vortex cavity 2 is fixed in the outer sleeve 1 , an inflow hole 202 is provided at one end of the vortex cavity 2 , and the other side of the vortex cavity 2 is provided with an inflow hole 202 .
  • One end is provided with an outflow hole 203, and the outflow hole 203 is located at the center of the vortex cavity 205;
  • the outer wall of the piston body 3 is provided with an outer spline segment 4, and the inner wall of the piston sleeve 9 is provided with an inner spline segment 5, and the outer spline segment 4 is slidably engaged with the inner spline segment 5 to relatively slide and transmit torque;
  • the structure of the relative movement mechanism in the axial direction is as follows: a chute 21 is provided at the inlet end of the inflow hole 202 or the inlet end of the outflow hole 203, and the movable slider 22 is slidably installed in the chute 21 Inside, one end of the stroke of the movable slider 22 covers the inflow hole 202 or the outflow hole 203 , and the other end of the stroke completely leaves or the outflow hole 203 to alternately limit the flow cross section of the inflow hole 202 .
  • the vibration direction is along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 1, while the movable slider 22 slides along the axial direction in the chute 21.
  • the effects of increasing the output power, increasing the vibration amplitude of the vortex cavity body 2 and reducing the vibration frequency of the vortex cavity body 2 are realized, so as to obtain a vibration form that meets the needs of underground construction.
  • the vibration amplitude and vibration frequency can be changed by changing the stroke of the movable slider 22 .
  • the provided leaf spring 231 can reduce the vibration frequency through damping, and 2 can reduce the frictional force of the movable slider 22 .
  • both ends of the chute 21 form a first impact surface 24 and a second impact surface 25 for colliding with the movable slider 22 to transmit the excitation of the vortex cavity 2 to the movable slider 22 .
  • the provided first impact surface 24 and second impact surface 25 can transmit the kinetic energy generated by the vibration of the vortex cavity 2 to the moving slider 22 for reciprocating motion, and since the momentum of the vortex cavity 2 is much greater than that of the moving slider 22, therefore
  • the moving slider 22 can obtain a high sliding speed until it collides with the end face at the other end of the stroke, but the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the moving slider 22 is still lower than the natural vibration frequency generated by the pressure medium in the vortex cavity 2, so the sliding
  • the block 22 obtains a lower vibration frequency and increased amplitude during sliding.
  • the disc spring between the piston body 3 and the piston sleeve 9 is used to make the piston body 3 and the piston sleeve 9 closer;
  • leaf springs 23 on both sides of the chute 21, and the leaf spring 23 is connected with the movable slider 22; the position where the leaf spring 23 is connected with the chute 21 is provided with an arc groove 26 to avoid the interference of the deformation of the leaf spring 23.
  • the leaf spring 23 has a sufficient deformation space.
  • the leaf spring 23 tends to move the movable slider 22 away from the inflow hole 202 or the outflow hole 203 from the upstream direction. With this structure, the continuity of the vibration pattern is ensured, and the movable slider 22 is prevented from moving with the chute 21 .
  • one end of the leaf spring 23 is inserted into the arc-shaped groove 26, the other end of the leaf spring 23 is inserted into the movable slider 22, and at least one end of the leaf spring 23 is movably connected;
  • a gap is provided between the bottom surface of the movable slider 22 and the bottom surface of the chute 21 .
  • FIG. 6 Another optional solution is shown in FIG. 6 , the disc spring between the piston body 3 and the piston sleeve 9 is used to make the piston body 3 and the piston sleeve 9 closer; in the downstream direction of the movable slider 22 A spring 27 is provided, which tends to move the movable slider 22 away from the inlet orifice 202 or the outlet orifice 203 from the upstream direction. With this structure, the vibration is continuous and the movable slider 22 is prevented from moving with the chute 21 .
  • outflow passages 204 are provided on both sides of the back of the other end of the vortex cavity body 2, and the outflow holes 203 communicate with the axial through holes of the piston body 3 through the outflow passages 204;
  • the inflow hole 202 communicates with the central flow channel 206 and the tangential flow channel 209 through a switching flow channel 210, and both the central flow channel 206 and the tangential flow channel 209 communicate with the vortex cavity 205, wherein the central flow channel 206 points to the outflow hole 203
  • the tangential flow channel 209 points to the edge of the vortex cavity 205 along the tangential direction, so that the vortex cavity body 2 vibrates when the pressure medium is passed through.
  • the vibration generated by the vortex cavity 205 under the pressure medium is the source of the excitation of the entire hydraulic oscillator.
  • the vortex cavity body 2 in this example is not limited to the structure described in this example, and can also be replaced with other structures that can generate high-frequency excitation, such as an excitation block in an impactor, an eccentric turbine, Structures such as eccentric vanes that can vibrate the pressure medium.
  • the structure of the movable slider 22 disposed in the swirl cavity 205 is taken as an example for description below.
  • the structure and operation of the movable slider 22 disposed in the inlet channel 201 are similar.
  • the pressure medium When in use, the pressure medium enters from the left side of the outer sleeve 1 in Fig. 4, and when in the vortex cavity 2, it enters the inflow hole 202 from the inflow channel 201. As shown in Figs. 4 and 6, the pressure medium first switches from the flow The channel 210 is discharged through the outflow hole 203 through the central flow channel 206. Since the discharge of the outflow hole 203 is blocked, the pressure medium forms a vortex along the tangential flow channel 209, which blocks the central flow channel 206 until the central flow channel 206.
  • the pressure increase breaks through the eddy current, and due to the change of the eddy current, an excitation is formed.
  • vibration is generated, and the vortex cavity body 2 is caused to vibrate by itself.
  • the outer ring 207 buffers part of the pressure medium, thereby reducing the vibration frequency.
  • the vortex cavity 2 hits both ends of the movable slider 22 through the first impact surface 24 and the second impact surface 25, and drives the movable slider 22 to reciprocate along the slideway of the chute 21. And in the process of movement, it partially covers the outflow hole 203.
  • the vortex cavity body 2 still generates self-vibration under the action of the pressure medium. It is also the driving force for the reciprocating motion of the moving slider 22 .
  • the provided leaf spring 23 is used to overcome the static friction force of the movable slider 22 , so as to prevent the movable slider 22 from vibrating with the natural vibration of the vortex cavity 2 .
  • the structure of the invention has fewer moving parts, less driving loss, higher effective output power and longer service life.
  • FIG. 7 A vortex cavity 2 is fixed in the outer sleeve 1, and a piston body 3 is provided downstream of the vortex cavity 2.
  • the piston body 3 and the piston sleeve The cylinder 9 is slidably connected, and a disc spring 6 is arranged between the piston body 3 and the piston sleeve 9.
  • the disc spring 6 is used to drive the piston body 3 and the piston sleeve 9 to be closer;
  • the outer wall of the piston body 3 is provided with an external spline Section 4,
  • the inner wall of the piston sleeve 9 is provided with an inner spline section 5, and the outer spline section 4 is slidingly engaged with the inner spline section 5 to relatively slide and transmit torque;
  • the structure of the relative movement mechanism in the axial direction is as follows: the piston body 3 is provided with an axial through hole, the end of the piston body 3 away from the vortex cavity body 2 is provided with a piston head 33, and the piston head 33 is provided with a connection with the axial through hole. A hollow cavity, the free end of the piston head 33 is closed, and a piston head side flow hole 31 is provided on the side wall;
  • a slip ring 71 is arranged in the hollow cavity of the piston head 33 to slide in the axial direction.
  • the slip ring 71 is fixedly connected with one end of the connecting rod 72 passing through the piston head 33, and the other end of the connecting rod 72 is fixedly connected with the fixing seat 73.
  • the fixed seat 73 is fixedly connected with the piston sleeve 9 , and the slip ring 71 is located at the edge of the piston head side flow hole 31 , so that one end of the stroke of the slip ring 71 covers the piston head side flow hole 31 .
  • the connecting rod 72 is connected with the piston head 33 in a sliding and sealing manner
  • the slip ring 71 is an annular structure.
  • the outer wall of the slip ring 71 is slidably and sealedly connected to the inner wall of the piston head 33.
  • the inner wall of the slip ring 71 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 72 through a plurality of first transverse connecting rods 74.
  • the space between the connecting rods 74 constitutes a flow passage; preferably, the water-facing surface of the first transverse connecting rod 74 is provided with a chamfer or rounding to further reduce the disturbance of the pressure medium by the first lateral connecting rod 74 .
  • the first transverse connecting rods 74 are arranged radially, and the first transverse connecting rods 74 are connected with the slip ring 71 and the first transverse connecting rods 74 by welding.
  • the outer wall of the fixing seat 73 is fixedly connected with the piston sleeve 9 , the fixing seat 73 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 72 through a plurality of second transverse connecting rods 75 , and the gaps between the second transverse connecting rods 75 constitute a flow passage.
  • a plurality of second transverse connecting rods 75 are arranged radially, with a disc structure in the middle.
  • the connecting rods 72 pass through the disc structure and are threadedly connected to the nut, so that the structure is convenient for installation.
  • the piston head side flow holes 31 are arranged radially or inclined in the downstream direction, and the end face of the piston head 33 is also provided with a piston head outlet flow passage 32 along the axial direction, and the piston head flows out.
  • the channel 32 communicates with the flow hole 31 on the piston head side; the downstream direction in this example refers to the direction on the right side in FIG. 7 .
  • the piston head side flow holes 31 are plural, and the piston head outlet flow channels 32 are correspondingly plural. In this example, there are 3 flow holes 31 on the side of the piston head, which are evenly distributed along the circumference. It is also feasible to use 2 or 4, 5, 6 or even more flow holes 31 on the side of the piston head.
  • the diameter of the flow hole 31 on the side of the piston head so that the excitation generated by the vortex cavity body 2 can be further amplified. That is, a small vibration stroke can also cause a large percentage change in the flow cross section of the piston head side flow hole 31 .
  • the slip ring 71 is located on the upstream side of the flow hole 31 on the side of the piston head; thus, the structure cooperates with the disc spring 6 to amplify the excitation.
  • the upstream side mentioned here means the left side in FIGS. 7 and 9 .
  • the structure of the vortex cavity body 2 is as described in Embodiment 2.
  • the vortex cavity body 2 constitutes an excitation due to the change of the eddy current.
  • the piston body 3 then vibrates in the piston sleeve 9, and the axial vibration amplitude is about 0.5-1 cm. Due to the vibration of the piston body 3, a relative movement also occurs between the slip ring 71 and the piston head 33, the slip ring 71 partially covers the piston head side flow hole 31, the flow cross section of the piston head side flow hole 31 is reduced, and the pressure medium The thrust of the piston head 33 is also reduced accordingly. Under the action of the disc spring 6, the piston body 3 moves to the right in FIG.
  • the slip ring 71 is fixed, and the side flow of the piston head
  • the hole 31 is completely separated from the cover of the slip ring 71, the flow cross section of the flow hole 31 on the side of the piston head is restored, and the pressure medium pushes the piston head 33 to move to the left, thereby increasing the amplitude of the piston body 3, and the axial vibration amplitude is about 1 ⁇ 3 cm.
  • the effective output power of the jet hydraulic oscillator is increased.
  • the structure of the invention has few moving parts, small driving loss, high piezoresistive conversion efficiency, high effective output power and long service life.

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Abstract

一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，将涡腔体（2）与活塞体（3）连接，活塞体（3）与活塞套筒（9）滑动连接，在活塞体（3）与活塞套筒（9）之间设置碟簧（6）；在从涡腔体（2）到活塞套筒（9）的压力介质流道中，设置沿轴向相对运动机构，沿轴向相对运动机构利用由涡腔体（2）激振产生的轴向相对运动改变压力介质的通流截面，由上述步骤使激振产生的输出功率增大。

Description

增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及石油钻采设备领域，特别是一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法。
背景技术
目前油田的钻井已从直井发展为定向井和水平井，钻具通常紧贴下侧井壁，钻具在井壁的摩擦过大，影响钻进效率，使钻压难以传递至钻头。为克服该缺陷，现有技术中出现了水力振荡器的方案，通过水力振荡器将钻具的静摩擦变为动摩擦，以降低摩阻。现有的水力振荡器通常有三种结构，1、螺杆马达结构，通过螺杆驱动动片旋转，使动片与静片之间的孔的通流截面发生周期变化从而产生振动。存在的问题是，该方案的压耗较高，通常达到3～4Mpa，而且使用寿命通常低于500小时，而且螺杆马达的价格非常高昂，例如类似中国专利文献CN205778542U中的结构。2、射流结构，利用涡腔体产生振动，利用压力介质的周期变化产生高频振动，但是该方案的压耗仅有0.2-0.3Mpa，频率较高，且频率无法控制。例如中国专利文献CN104963624A中的结构。3、涡轮结构，通过涡轮转子驱动动片旋转，使动片与静片之间的孔的通流截面发生周期变化从而产生振动。该方案存在的问题是，结构较为复杂，转动部件过多，成本高昂，损耗较高，且涡轮转子转速较高，使工具的输出频率较高，不易控制，使用寿命也较短。例如中国专利文献CN104895517A中记载的结构。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，能够克服现有技术中的缺陷，能够增大射流水力振荡器的输出功率，产生符合井下施工需要的振动形态，包括合适的振幅和振动频率，且压耗较低，活动部件少，使用寿命长。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，将涡腔体与活塞体连接，活塞体与活塞套筒滑动连接，在活塞体与活塞套筒之间设置碟簧；
在从涡腔体到活塞套筒的压力介质流道中，设置沿轴向相对运动机构，所述的轴向相对运动机构利用由涡腔体激振产生的轴向相对运动，改变压力介质的通流截面；
由上述步骤使激振产生的输出功率增大。
优选的方案中，外套筒内固设有涡腔体，在涡腔体一端设有进流孔，在涡腔体另一端设有出流孔，出流孔位于涡腔的圆心位置；
活塞体的外壁设有外花键段，活塞套筒的内壁设有内花键段，外花键段与内花键段滑动啮合，以相对滑动并传递扭矩；
沿轴向相对运动机构的结构为：在进流孔的进入端或者在出流孔的进入端设有滑槽，动滑块滑动安装在滑槽内，动滑块的行程的一端部分的覆盖进流孔或出流孔，行程的另一端，完全离开或出流孔，以交替的限制进流孔的通流截面。
优选的方案中，滑槽的两端构成第一撞击面和第二撞击面，用于与动滑块产生撞 击，以将涡腔体的激振传递给动滑块。
优选的方案中，活塞体与活塞套筒之间的碟簧，用于使活塞体与活塞套筒之间更为接近；
在滑槽的两侧设有片簧，片簧与动滑块连接；
片簧趋于使动滑块从上游方向远离进流孔或出流孔。
优选的方案中，片簧的一端插在弧形槽内，片簧的另一端插在动滑块内，片簧至少一端为活动连接；
动滑块的底面与滑槽的底面之间设有间隙。
优选的方案中，活塞体与活塞套筒之间的碟簧，用于使活塞体与活塞套筒之间更为接近；
在动滑块的下游方向设有弹簧，弹簧趋于使动滑块从上游方向远离进流孔或出流孔。
优选的方案中，外套筒内固设有涡腔体，在涡腔体的下游设有活塞体，活塞体与活塞套筒滑动套接，在活塞体与活塞套筒之间设有碟簧，碟簧用于驱使活塞体和活塞套筒更接近；活塞体的外壁设有外花键段，活塞套筒的内壁设有内花键段，外花键段与内花键段滑动啮合，以相对滑动并传递扭矩；
沿轴向相对运动机构的结构为：活塞体设有轴向通孔，在活塞体远离涡腔体的端头设有活塞头，活塞头设有与轴向通孔连通的中空腔体，活塞头的自由端封闭，在侧壁设有活塞头侧流孔；
在活塞头的中空腔体内设有沿轴向滑动的滑环，滑环与穿过活塞头的连接杆的一端固定连接，连接杆的另一端与固定座固定连接，固定座与活塞套筒固定连接，滑环位于活塞头侧流孔的边缘位置，以使滑环行程的一端部分的覆盖活塞头侧流孔。
优选的方案中，连接杆与活塞头滑动密封连接；
所述的滑环为环状结构，滑环的外壁与活塞头的内壁滑动密封连接，滑环的内壁通过多个第一横向连接杆与连接杆固定连接，第一横向连接杆之间的空隙构成过流通道；
固定座的外壁与活塞套筒固定连接，固定座通过多个第二横向连接杆与连接杆固定连接，第二横向连接杆之间的空隙构成过流通道。
优选的方案中，所述的活塞头侧流孔成径向布置或向下游的方向倾斜布置，在活塞头的端面还设有沿轴向的活塞头出流道，活塞头出流道与活塞头侧流孔连通；
所述的活塞头侧流孔为多个，活塞头出流道相应的为多个。
优选的方案中，所述的滑环位于活塞头侧流孔的上游侧；
当活塞体与活塞套筒相对运动，滑环的行程一端完全离开活塞头侧流孔。
本发明提供的一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，通过采用涡腔体配合沿轴向相对运动机构的方案，能够使涡腔体的振动幅度增大，且振动频率降低，进而增大射流水力振荡器输出功率，获得符合井下施工需要的振动形态，即适当的振幅和振动频率。本发明方法的射流水力振荡器活动部件较少，使用寿命长，损失在驱动部件的压耗极低，输出效率高。与由螺杆马达或涡轮结构驱动的动、静片激振结构不同，本发明的压阻仅有很小部分被驱动装置或传动机构消耗，大部分都转化为振动输出，从而有效输出功率较高。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
图1为本发明的整体结构剖视示意图。
图2为本发明中涡腔体背面的结构示意图。
图3为图2的A-A剖视示意图。
图4为本发明另一优选方案的整体结构剖视示意图。
图5为本发明中涡腔的滑槽和动滑块的结构示意图。
图6为本发明中涡腔体的立体图。
图7为本发明的另一优选方案的整体结构剖视示意图。
图8为本发明的活塞头的立体图。
图9为本发明中活塞头的局部放大剖视图。
图10为本发明的振动曲线示意图。
图中：外套筒1，涡腔体2，进流道201，进流孔202，出流孔203，出流道204，涡腔205，中心流道206，外环道207，切换流道208，切向流道209，切换流道210，滑槽21，动滑块22，片簧23，第一撞击面24，第二撞击面25，弧形槽26，弹簧27，活塞体3，活塞头侧流孔31，活塞头出流道32，活塞头33，外花键段4，内花键段5，碟簧6，连接头7，滑环71，连接杆72，固定座73，第一横向连接杆74，第二横向连接杆75，密封圈8，活塞套筒9。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
如图1～9中，一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，将涡腔体2与活塞体3连接，活塞体3与活塞套筒9滑动连接，在活塞体3与活塞套筒9之间设置碟簧；
在从涡腔体2到活塞套筒9的压力介质流道中，设置沿轴向相对运动机构，所述的轴向相对运动机构利用由涡腔体2激振产生的轴向相对运动，改变压力介质的通流截面；
由上述步骤使激振产生的输出功率增大。由此结构，以涡腔体2的激振使沿轴向相对运动机构产生轴向相对运动，然后再使沿轴向相对运动机构来改变压力介质的通流截面，进而使活塞体3与活塞套筒9之间在碟簧的作用下将压力介质的压阻转换成振动，使激振的输出功率增大。从而克服了现有技术中射流水力振荡器输出功率过小以及振幅过小的问题。
实施例2：
在实施例1的基础上，优选的方案如图1～6中，外套筒1内固设有涡腔体2，在涡腔体2一端设有进流孔202，在涡腔体2另一端设有出流孔203，出流孔203位于涡腔205的圆心位置；
活塞体3的外壁设有外花键段4，活塞套筒9的内壁设有内花键段5，外花键段4与内花键段5滑动啮合，以相对滑动并传递扭矩；
如图2、4中，沿轴向相对运动机构的结构为：在进流孔202的进入端或者在出流孔203的进入端设有滑槽21，动滑块22滑动安装在滑槽21内，动滑块22的行程的一端部分的覆盖进流孔202或出流孔203，行程的另一端，完全离开或出流孔203，以交替的限制进流孔202的通流截面。由此结构，由于涡腔体2产生的振动，振动方向为沿着外套筒1的轴向方向，而动滑块22在滑槽21内沿着轴向滑动，在涡腔体2振动条件下产生相对运动，从而间歇的覆盖部分进流孔202或出流孔203，使通流面积减少，振动曲线发生变化，由于动滑块22的滑动行程较 长，在滑动过程中，并不会急剧的改变通流面积，因此使涡腔体2以及和涡腔体2固定连接的外套筒1产生多个振动曲线的叠加，曲线图形如图10中所示。其中振幅较小的曲线由涡腔体2在压力介质的影响下产生。而振幅较大的曲线由动滑块22交替覆盖进流孔202或出流孔203产生。从而实现增大输出功率，增大涡腔体2振动幅度和降低涡腔体2振动频率的效果，以获得符合井下施工需要的振动形态。优选的，通过改变动滑块22的行程即可改变振动幅度和振动频率。设置的片簧231是能够通过阻尼降低振动频率，2是能够减少动滑块22的摩擦力。
优选的方案中，滑槽21的两端构成第一撞击面24和第二撞击面25，用于与动滑块22产生撞击，以将涡腔体2的激振传递给动滑块22。设置的第一撞击面24和第二撞击面25能够将涡腔体2振动产生的动能传递给动滑块22往复运动，且由于涡腔体2的动量远大于动滑块22的动量，因此动滑块22能够获得较高的滑动速度，直至与行程另一端的端面撞击，但是动滑块22的往复运动的频率还是低于涡腔体2由压力介质产生的自振频率，因此动滑块22在滑动过程中获得较低的振动频率并增大振幅。
优选的方案中，活塞体3与活塞套筒9之间的碟簧，用于使活塞体3与活塞套筒9之间更为接近；
在滑槽21的两侧设有片簧23，片簧23与动滑块22连接；片簧23与滑槽21连接的位置设有弧形槽26，以避免片簧23变形的干涉。由此结构，以使片簧23具有足够的变形空间。
片簧23趋于使动滑块22从上游方向远离进流孔202或出流孔203。由此结构，确保振动形态的连续性，避免动滑块22随着滑槽21运动。
优选的方案中，片簧23的一端插在弧形槽26内，片簧23的另一端插在动滑块22内，片簧23至少一端为活动连接；
动滑块22的底面与滑槽21的底面之间设有间隙。由此方案，能够大幅降低动滑块22的底面与滑槽21的底面之间的摩擦，从而确保动滑块22的振动频率输出保持稳定。
另一可选的方案如图6中，活塞体3与活塞套筒9之间的碟簧，用于使活塞体3与活塞套筒9之间更为接近；在动滑块22的下游方向设有弹簧27，弹簧27趋于使动滑块22从上游方向远离进流孔202或出流孔203。由此结构，以使振动连续，避免动滑块22随着滑槽21运动。
优选的方案如图1～6中，在涡腔体2另一端背面两侧设有出流道204，出流孔203通过出流道204与活塞体3的轴向通孔连通；
进流孔202通过一条切换流道210与中心流道206和切向流道209连通，中心流道206和切向流道209均与涡腔205连通，其中中心流道206指向出流孔203的方向，切向流道209沿切向指向涡腔205的边缘，以使涡腔体2在通入压力介质时产生振动。涡腔205在压力介质下产生的振动是整个水力振荡器激振的源头。由于篇幅所限，本例中的涡腔体2并不限于本例中描述的结构，也可以被替换为其他能够产生高频激振的结构，例如冲击器中的激振块，偏心涡轮，偏心叶片等能够使压力介质产生振动的结构。
以下以设置在涡腔205内的动滑块22的结构为例加以说明，设置在进流道201的动滑块22的结构和动作相似。使用时，压力介质从图4中外套筒1的左侧进入，在涡腔体2时，从进流道201进入到进流孔202内，如图4、6中，压力介质先从切换流道210经过中心流道206经出流孔203排出，由于出流孔203的排出受阻，压力介质沿着切向流道209形成涡流，将中心 流道206阻断，直到中心流道206中的压力增大突破涡流，由于涡流的变化，构成激振。由此压力变化，因此产生振动，并使涡腔体2自振。外环道207缓冲部分压力介质，从而降低振动频率。随着涡腔体2的自振，涡腔体2通过第一撞击面24和第二撞击面25撞击动滑块22的两端，驱动动滑块22沿着滑槽21滑道往复运动，并在运动过程中部分的覆盖出流孔203，随着出流孔203的通流截面变小，压力介质的压力随之减小，压力介质施加给活塞体3右侧端面的压力随之降低，在碟簧6的作用下，活塞体3向右运动，而随着动滑块22向图4中的左侧运动，出流孔203的通流截面变大，压力介质的压力随之增大，压力介质施加给活塞体3右侧端面的压力随之相应增加，压缩碟簧6使活塞体3向图4的左侧运动。直至动滑块22被撞击后再次向右运动。需要说明的，在活塞体3往复运动时，涡腔体2仍在压力介质的作用下产生自振，该自振的频率高于活塞体3往复运动的频率，且涡腔体2的自振也是动滑块22往复运动的动力。设置的片簧23用于克服动滑块22的静摩擦力，从而避免动滑块22随着涡腔体2的自振振动。本发明的结构运动部件较少，驱动损耗小，有效输出功率较高，使用寿命较长。
实施例3：
在实施例1的基础上，优选的方案如图7～9中，外套筒1内固设有涡腔体2，在涡腔体2的下游设有活塞体3，活塞体3与活塞套筒9滑动套接，在活塞体3与活塞套筒9之间设有碟簧6，碟簧6用于驱使活塞体3和活塞套筒9更接近；活塞体3的外壁设有外花键段4，活塞套筒9的内壁设有内花键段5，外花键段4与内花键段5滑动啮合，以相对滑动并传递扭矩；
沿轴向相对运动机构的结构为：活塞体3设有轴向通孔，在活塞体3远离涡腔体2的端头设有活塞头33，活塞头33设有与轴向通孔连通的中空腔体，活塞头33的自由端封闭，在侧壁设有活塞头侧流孔31；
在活塞头33的中空腔体内设有沿轴向滑动的滑环71，滑环71与穿过活塞头33的连接杆72的一端固定连接，连接杆72的另一端与固定座73固定连接，固定座73与活塞套筒9固定连接，滑环71位于活塞头侧流孔31的边缘位置，以使滑环71行程的一端部分的覆盖活塞头侧流孔31。由此结构，由涡腔体2的激振，使活塞体3与活塞套筒9之间产生相对运动，而滑环71与活塞头侧流孔31之间也产生相对运动。而在滑环71一端的部分行程中，会覆盖活塞头侧流孔31，从而导致活塞头侧流孔31的过流截面发生变化，从而使涡腔体2振幅被放大，使压力介质更多的压阻被转换成振动，从而使射流水力振荡器的输出功率增大。
优选的方案如图9中，连接杆72与活塞头33滑动密封连接；
所述的滑环71为环状结构，滑环71的外壁与活塞头33的内壁滑动密封连接，滑环71的内壁通过多个第一横向连接杆74与连接杆72固定连接，第一横向连接杆74之间的空隙构成过流通道；优选的，第一横向连接杆74的迎水面设有倒角或倒圆，以进一步减少第一横向连接杆74对压力介质的扰动。本例中第一横向连接杆74采用放射状布置，第一横向连接杆74与滑环71和第一横向连接杆74采用焊接连接。
固定座73的外壁与活塞套筒9固定连接，固定座73通过多个第二横向连接杆75与连接杆72固定连接，第二横向连接杆75之间的空隙构成过流通道。优选的，多个第二横向连接杆75成放射状布置，中间设有圆盘结构，连接杆72穿过圆盘结构与螺母螺纹连接，由此结构，便于安装。
优选的方案中，所述的活塞头侧流孔31成径向布置或向下游的方向倾斜布置，在活塞头33的端面还设有沿轴向的活塞头出流道32，活塞头出流道32与活塞头侧流孔31连 通；本例中的下游的方向是指图7中右侧的方向。
所述的活塞头侧流孔31为多个，活塞头出流道32相应的为多个。本例中的活塞头侧流孔31为3个，沿圆周均布，采用2个或4个、5个、6个乃至更多也是可行的，更多的活塞头侧流孔31能够减小活塞头侧流孔31的直径，从而涡腔体2产生的激振能够进一步被放大。即较小的振动行程也能使活塞头侧流孔31的通流截面按百分比计产生较大的变化。
优选的方案如图9中，所述的滑环71位于活塞头侧流孔31的上游侧；由此结构与碟簧6配合，将激振放大。此处所述的上游侧是指图7、9中的左侧。
当活塞体3与活塞套筒9相对运动，滑环71的行程一端完全离开活塞头侧流孔31。
涡腔体2的结构如实施例2中所述，使用时，涡腔体2由于涡流的变化，构成激振。活塞体3随之在活塞套筒9内发生振动，轴向振动幅度约为0.5～1cm。由活塞体3的振动，滑环71与活塞头33之间也发生相对运动，滑环71部分的覆盖活塞头侧流孔31，活塞头侧流孔31的通流截面减小，压力介质对活塞头33的推力也相应降低，在碟簧6的作用下，活塞体3向图1中的右侧运动，而随着活塞头33向右运动，滑环71固定不动，活塞头侧流孔31完全脱离滑环71的覆盖，活塞头侧流孔31的通流截面恢复，压力介质推动活塞头33向左运动，由此将活塞体3的振幅增大，轴向振动幅度约为1～3cm。从而将射流水力振荡器有效输出功率增大。本发明的结构运动部件少，驱动损耗小，压阻转化效率高，有效输出功率较高，使用寿命较长。
上述的实施例仅为本发明的优选技术方案，而不应视为对于本发明的限制，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求记载的技术方案，包括权利要求记载的技术方案中技术特征的等同替换方案为保护范围。即在此范围内的等同替换改进，也在本发明的保护范围之内。因记载的篇幅所限，本例中未能将所有的组合方案加以举例，因此，上述实施例中的技术特征，在互不冲突的前提下，能够互相组合以产生更多的技术方案。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，其特征是：
    将涡腔体(2)与活塞体(3)连接，活塞体(3)与活塞套筒(9)滑动连接，在活塞体(3)与活塞套筒(9)之间设置碟簧；
    在从涡腔体(2)到活塞套筒(9)的压力介质流道中，设置沿轴向相对运动机构，所述的轴向相对运动机构利用由涡腔体(2)激振产生的轴向相对运动，改变压力介质的通流截面；
    由上述步骤使激振产生的输出功率增大。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，其特征是：外套筒(1)内固设有涡腔体(2)，在涡腔体(2)一端设有进流孔(202)，在涡腔体(2)另一端设有出流孔(203)，出流孔(203)位于涡腔(205)的圆心位置；
    活塞体(3)的外壁设有外花键段(4)，活塞套筒(9)的内壁设有内花键段(5)，外花键段(4)与内花键段(5)滑动啮合，以相对滑动并传递扭矩；
    沿轴向相对运动机构的结构为：在进流孔(202)的进入端或者在出流孔(203)的进入端设有滑槽(21)，动滑块(22)滑动安装在滑槽(21)内，动滑块(22)的行程的一端部分的覆盖进流孔(202)或出流孔(203)，行程的另一端，完全离开或出流孔(203)，以交替的限制进流孔(202)的通流截面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，其特征是：滑槽(21)的两端构成第一撞击面(24)和第二撞击面(25)，用于与动滑块(22)产生撞击，以将涡腔体(2)的激振传递给动滑块(22)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，其特征是：活塞体(3)与活塞套筒(9)之间的碟簧，用于使活塞体(3)与活塞套筒(9)之间更为接近；
    在滑槽(21)的两侧设有片簧(23)，片簧(23)与动滑块(22)连接；
    片簧(23)趋于使动滑块(22)从上游方向远离进流孔(202)或出流孔(203)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，其特征是：片簧(23)的一端插在弧形槽(26)内，片簧(23)的另一端插在动滑块(22)内，片簧(23)至少一端为活动连接；
    动滑块(22)的底面与滑槽(21)的底面之间设有间隙。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，其特征是：活塞体(3)与活塞套筒(9)之间的碟簧，用于使活塞体(3)与活塞套筒(9)之间更为接近；
    在动滑块(22)的下游方向设有弹簧(27)，弹簧(27)趋于使动滑块(22)从上游方向远离进流孔(202)或出流孔(203)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，其特征是：外套筒(1)内固设有涡腔体(2)，在涡腔体(2)的下游设有活塞体(3)，活塞体(3)与活塞套筒(9)滑动套接，在活塞体(3)与活塞套筒(9)之间设有碟簧(6)，碟簧(6)用于驱使活塞体(3)和活塞套筒(9)更接近；活塞体(3)的外壁设有外花键段(4)，活塞套筒(9)的内壁设有内花键段(5)，外花键段(4)与内花键段(5)滑动啮合，以相对滑动并传递扭矩；
    沿轴向相对运动机构的结构为：活塞体(3)设有轴向通孔，在活塞体(3)远离涡腔体(2)的端头设有活塞头(33)，活塞头(33)设有与轴向通孔连通的中空腔体，活塞头(33)的自由端封闭，在侧壁设有活塞头侧流孔(31)；
    在活塞头(33)的中空腔体内设有沿轴向滑动的滑环(71)，滑环(71)与穿过活塞头(33) 的连接杆(72)的一端固定连接，连接杆(72)的另一端与固定座(73)固定连接，固定座(73)与活塞套筒(9)固定连接，滑环(71)位于活塞头侧流孔(31)的边缘位置，以使滑环(71)行程的一端部分的覆盖活塞头侧流孔(31)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，其特征是：连接杆(72)与活塞头(33)滑动密封连接；
    所述的滑环(71)为环状结构，滑环(71)的外壁与活塞头(33)的内壁滑动密封连接，滑环(71)的内壁通过多个第一横向连接杆(74)与连接杆(72)固定连接，第一横向连接杆(74)之间的空隙构成过流通道；
    固定座(73)的外壁与活塞套筒(9)固定连接，固定座(73)通过多个第二横向连接杆(75)与连接杆(72)固定连接，第二横向连接杆(75)之间的空隙构成过流通道。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，其特征是：所述的活塞头侧流孔(31)成径向布置或向下游的方向倾斜布置，在活塞头(33)的端面还设有沿轴向的活塞头出流道(32)，活塞头出流道(32)与活塞头侧流孔(31)连通；
    所述的活塞头侧流孔(31)为多个，活塞头出流道(32)相应的为多个。
  10. 根据权利要求7～9任一项所述的一种增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法，其特征是：所述的滑环(71)位于活塞头侧流孔(31)的上游侧；
    当活塞体(3)与活塞套筒(9)相对运动，滑环(71)的行程一端完全离开活塞头侧流孔(31)。
PCT/CN2021/087232 2020-09-07 2021-04-14 增大射流水力振荡器输出功率的方法 WO2022048157A1 (zh)

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