WO2022047697A1 - 电化学装置及电子装置 - Google Patents

电化学装置及电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022047697A1
WO2022047697A1 PCT/CN2020/113225 CN2020113225W WO2022047697A1 WO 2022047697 A1 WO2022047697 A1 WO 2022047697A1 CN 2020113225 W CN2020113225 W CN 2020113225W WO 2022047697 A1 WO2022047697 A1 WO 2022047697A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
side wall
annular side
electrode tab
annular
end wall
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2020/113225
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丁宇
严坤
梁迎春
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Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
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Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd
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Priority to CN202080008709.XA priority Critical patent/CN113330626A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/113225 priority patent/WO2022047697A1/zh
Publication of WO2022047697A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022047697A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/509—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the type of connection, e.g. mixed connections
    • H01M50/51—Connection only in series
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular, to an electrochemical device and an electronic device.
  • lithium-ion battery mainly relies on the movement of lithium ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to work.
  • lithium-ion batteries As a source of clean power and clean electricity, lithium-ion batteries have an increasingly prominent status and application in the new energy industry, and are widely used in various electronic products such as mobile terminals, power tools, and electric vehicles.
  • an electrochemical device comprising:
  • a first electrochemical cell comprising a first encapsulation shell, a first electrode assembly located in the first encapsulation shell, and a first electrolyte filled in the first encapsulation shell;
  • a second electrochemical cell connected in series with the first electrochemical cell, includes a second packaging case located outside the first packaging case and connected to the first packaging case, a second packaging case located in the second packaging case a second electrode assembly inside, and a second electrolyte filled in the second encapsulation shell, wherein the second electrochemical cell has a through hole, and the first electrochemical cell is located in the through hole Inside.
  • the first encapsulation case includes a first annular side wall and a first end wall and a second end wall connecting two ends of the first annular side wall, the first annular side wall, the first annular side wall, the second One end wall and the second end wall are sealed to form a first accommodating space, the first electrode assembly is located in the first accommodating space, and the first electrolyte is filled in the first accommodating space;
  • the second encapsulation shell includes a second annular side wall surrounding the first annular side wall, and a third end wall and a fourth end wall connecting the first annular side wall and the second annular side wall, The first annular side wall, the second annular side wall, the third end wall and the fourth end wall are sealed to form a second receiving space, and the second electrode assembly is located in the second receiving space , the second electrolyte is filled in the second receiving space.
  • the first electrochemical cell and the second electrochemical cell have the same nominal voltage and the same rated capacity
  • the cross sections of the first annular sidewall and the second annular sidewall are annular, respectively, the inner diameter d1 of the first annular sidewall, the outer diameter D1 of the first annular sidewall and the second annular sidewall
  • the first package includes a first annular sidewall, a third annular sidewall surrounding the first annular sidewall, and connecting the first annular sidewall and the third annular sidewall
  • the first end wall and the second end wall at both ends of the wall, the first annular side wall, the first end wall and the second end wall are sealed to form a first receiving space, and the first electrode assembly is located in the In the first accommodation space, the first electrolyte is filled in the first accommodation space;
  • the second encapsulation shell includes a second annular side wall surrounding the third annular side wall, and a third end wall and a fourth end wall connecting the third annular side wall and the second annular side wall, The third annular side wall, the second annular side wall, the third end wall and the fourth end wall are sealed to form a second receiving space, and the second electrode assembly is located in the second receiving space , the second electrolyte is filled in the second receiving space.
  • the first electrochemical cell and the second electrochemical cell have the same nominal voltage and the same rated capacity
  • the gap c between the first annular sidewall and the third annular sidewall satisfies: 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.02mm.
  • the first encapsulation case includes a first annular side wall, a first end wall and a second end wall connecting two ends of the first annular side wall, the first annular side wall, the The first end wall and the second end wall are sealed to form a first accommodating space, the first electrode assembly is located in the first accommodating space, and the first electrolyte is filled in the first accommodating space;
  • the second package includes a second annular sidewall surrounding the first annular sidewall and a third annular sidewall surrounding the second annular sidewall, and connecting the second annular sidewall and the first annular sidewall.
  • the third end wall and the fourth end wall of the three annular side walls, the second annular side wall, the third annular side wall, the third end wall and the fourth end wall are sealed to form a second receiving space , the second electrode assembly is located in the second accommodating space, and the second electrolyte is filled in the second accommodating space.
  • the first electrochemical cell and the second electrochemical cell have the same nominal voltage and the same rated capacity
  • the cross-sections of the first annular side wall, the third annular side wall and the second annular side wall are respectively annular, and the inner diameter d1 of the first annular side wall and the diameter of the second annular side wall are circular.
  • the gap c between the first annular sidewall and the second annular sidewall satisfies: 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05mm.
  • the material of the first packaging shell includes an aluminum-plastic composite film or a polymer composite film
  • the material of the second packaging shell includes an aluminum-plastic composite film or a polymer composite film
  • the first electrode assembly and the second electrode assembly are respectively wound electrode assemblies
  • the first electrode assembly includes a first positive electrode tab and a first negative electrode tab extending out of the first packaging case
  • the second electrode assembly includes a second positive electrode tab extending out of the second packaging case and The second negative electrode tab, wherein the first positive electrode tab and the second negative electrode tab are welded or connected by wires; or, the first negative electrode tab and the second positive electrode tab are welded or connected by wires connect.
  • first positive tab and the first negative tab are located at different ends of the first electrode assembly, and the second positive tab and the second negative tab are located on the different ends of the second electrode assembly, and the first positive electrode tab is adjacent to the second negative electrode tab, and the first negative electrode tab is adjacent to the second positive electrode tab;
  • the first positive electrode tab and the first negative electrode tab are located at the same end of the first electrode assembly, and the second positive electrode tab and the second negative electrode tab are located at the same end of the second electrode assembly. One end of the first positive electrode tab and the first negative electrode tab adjacent to each other.
  • the electrochemical device further comprises: a third encapsulation shell encapsulating the first electrochemical cell and the second electrochemical cell;
  • the second positive electrode tab and the first negative electrode tab protrude out of the third packaging shell, or, the One side surface of the second positive electrode tab and one side surface of the first negative electrode tab are exposed in the corresponding exposed openings on the third packaging shell;
  • the first negative electrode tab and the second positive electrode tab are welded or connected by wires, the first positive electrode tab and the second negative electrode tab protrude out of the third packaging shell, or the One side surface of the first positive electrode tab and one side surface of the second negative electrode tab are exposed in corresponding exposed openings on the third packaging shell.
  • the material of the third packaging shell includes an aluminum-plastic composite film.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite film includes a modified polypropylene layer, an aluminum layer, and a polyester layer sequentially disposed along a direction away from the second electrochemical monomer.
  • the materials of the first encapsulation shell and the second encapsulation shell include polymer composite films.
  • an electronic device including the electrochemical device according to any one of the foregoing technical solutions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly process of electrochemical devices according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • 2a is a cross-sectional view of the structure of electrochemical devices according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrochemical device of some embodiments of the present application along the A-A direction of FIG. 2a;
  • 3a is a cross-sectional view of the structure of electrochemical devices according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • 3b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrochemical device of some embodiments of the present application along the B-B direction of FIG. 3a;
  • FIG. 4a is a cross-sectional view of the structure of electrochemical devices according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrochemical device of some embodiments of the present application along the C-C direction of FIG. 4a;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wound electrode assembly in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the electrochemical device according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the electrochemical device according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the electrochemical device according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the structure of electrochemical devices according to further embodiments of the present application.
  • the basic working principle of a lithium ion battery is that lithium ions move between the positive electrode and the negative electrode with the electrolyte as a medium, so that the charging and discharging of the lithium ion battery can be realized.
  • the lithium-ion battery When the lithium-ion battery is charged, lithium ions are extracted from the lattice of the positive electrode material, and embedded in the lattice of the negative electrode material after passing through the electrolyte, so that the negative electrode is rich in lithium and the positive electrode is poor in lithium; when the lithium ion battery is discharged, the lithium ions are removed from the negative electrode.
  • the material is released from the lattice of the material, and embedded in the lattice of the positive electrode material after passing through the electrolyte, so that the positive electrode is rich in lithium and the negative electrode is poor in lithium.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an electrochemical device and an electronic device including the electrochemical device.
  • the electrochemical device generates less heat during high-power discharge and has higher discharge safety.
  • the electrochemical device 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application includes:
  • the first electrochemical cell 1A includes a first encapsulation shell 11A, a first electrode assembly 12A located in the first encapsulation shell 11A, and a first electrolyte 13A filled in the first encapsulation shell 11A; and
  • the second electrochemical cell 1B connected in series with the first electrochemical cell 1A, includes a second packaging case 11B located outside the first packaging case 11A and connected to the first packaging case 11A, a second packaging case 11B located in the second packaging case 11B
  • the electrochemical device 100 includes two electrochemical cells, which are the first electrochemical cell 1A and the second electrochemical cell respectively. Body 1B.
  • the number of electrochemical cells included in the electrochemical device may also be three or more, for example, the electrochemical cells are the first electrochemical cell, the second electrochemical cell An electrochemical cell, a third electrochemical cell, . . . these electrochemical cells are nested in sequence.
  • the first electrode assembly 12A includes a first positive electrode tab 14Aa and a first negative electrode tab 14Ab extending out of the first packaging case 11A.
  • the two-electrode assembly 12B includes a second positive electrode tab 14Ba and a second negative electrode tab 14Bb extending out of the second package shell 11B, wherein the first positive electrode tab 14Aa and the second negative electrode tab 14Bb are welded, and the first negative electrode tab 14Ab and the second positive electrode tab 14Ba are independently drawn out and serve as the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the electrochemical device 100 respectively, so as to realize the series connection of the first electrochemical cell 1A and the second electrochemical cell 1B. As shown in FIG.
  • the first positive electrode tab 14Aa and the second negative electrode tab 14Bb may also be welded to both ends of a wire 15 , namely the first positive electrode tab 14Aa and the second negative electrode tab 14Bb respectively.
  • the negative electrode tabs 14Bb are connected by wires 15, so as to realize the series connection of the first electrochemical cell 1A and the second electrochemical cell 1B.
  • the first negative electrode tab and the second positive electrode tab are welded, and the first positive electrode tab and the second negative electrode tab are independently drawn out and serve as the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the electrochemical device, respectively. , so as to realize the series connection of the first electrochemical cell and the second electrochemical cell.
  • the first negative electrode tab and the second positive electrode tab can also be welded to both ends of a wire respectively, that is, the first negative electrode tab and the second positive electrode tab are connected by wires, so as to realize the first electrochemical cell and the second electrochemical cell. Concatenation of chemical monomers.
  • a conventional wound electrode assembly includes: a positive pole piece 121a and a negative pole piece 121b that are wound and arranged after lamination, a separator 123 located between the positive pole piece 121a and the negative pole piece 121b, The positive tab 14a is connected to the positive pole piece 121a, and the negative pole tab 14b is connected to the negative pole piece 121b.
  • the main structures of the positive electrode sheet 121a and the negative electrode sheet 121b of the wound electrode assembly both include a current collector and an active material layer on the surface of the current collector.
  • the winding starting end of the current collector has an empty foil area, that is, an area not covered by the active material layer, and the positive electrode tab 14a is welded or integrally connected to the empty foil area.
  • the negative pole piece 121b is similar in structure to the positive pole piece 121a, but the materials used are different. For details, please refer to the preparation examples of the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece below.
  • a part of the separator 123 serves as the outermost layer of the wound electrode assembly, that is, is exposed to the circumference of the wound electrode assembly. side surface.
  • a part of the positive pole piece 121a or the negative pole piece 121b may be used as the outermost layer of the wound electrode assembly.
  • a part of the separator 123 and a part of the positive pole piece 121a or the negative pole piece 121b may together serve as the outermost layer of the wound electrode assembly.
  • the corresponding regions of the current collectors may be coated with active material on both side surfaces or only the inner side surface.
  • the positive electrode piece 121 a and the negative electrode piece 121 b are soaked in the electrolyte and separated by the separator 123 .
  • the function of the separator 123 is to allow free passage of lithium ions but not allow electrons to pass through, thereby preventing a short circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode through the electrolyte.
  • the first electrochemical cell 1A further includes: a first positive electrode tab glue 142Aa sealingly connecting the first positive electrode tab 14Aa and the first packaging shell 11A, and a first positive electrode tab glue 142Aa
  • the first negative electrode tab glue 142Ab sealingly connected to the negative electrode tab 14Ab and the first packaging case 11A
  • the second electrochemical cell 1B further includes: a second positive electrode sealingly connecting the second positive electrode tab 14Ba to the second packaging case 11B Tab glue 142Ba, and second negative electrode tab glue 142Bb sealingly connecting the second negative electrode tab 14Bb and the second packaging shell 11B.
  • the way of sealing connection is, for example, sealing and bonding with the package shell through a hot-melt process. On the one hand, it can prevent the short circuit between the pole piece and the package shell, and on the other hand, it can play a sealing function to prevent leakage of electrolyte.
  • the first electrochemical cell 1A is cylindrical
  • the second electrode assembly 12B matches the shape of the first electrochemical cell 1A.
  • the first electrochemical cell 1A is cylindrical
  • the second electrode assembly 12B is cylindrical and has a through hole 120 .
  • the first electrochemical cell is in the shape of a prism, for example, in the shape of a regular prism or a relatively flat rectangular cube
  • the second electrode assembly is in the shape of a prism.
  • the first electrochemical cell is in the shape of an elliptical cylinder
  • the second electrode assembly is in the shape of an elliptical cylinder, and so on.
  • the first electrochemical cell may also be cylindrical, so that the electrochemical device is cylindrical as a whole, and can be used in some electronic devices with special shape requirements.
  • the first electrode assembly 12A and the second electrode assembly 12B are respectively wound electrode assemblies. As shown in FIG. 2a, the first positive electrode tab 14Aa and the first negative electrode tab 14Ab are located at different ends of the first electrode assembly 12A, and the second positive electrode tab 14Ba and the second negative electrode tab 14Bb are located at different ends of the second electrode assembly 12B The first positive electrode tab 14Aa and the second negative electrode tab 14Bb are adjacent and welded, and the first negative electrode tab 14Ab and the second positive electrode tab 14Ba are adjacent to each other and lead out of their respective packaging shells.
  • the first positive electrode tab 14Aa and the first negative electrode tab 14Ab are located at the same end of the first electrode assembly 12A, and the second positive electrode tab 14Ba and the second negative electrode
  • the tab 14Bb is located at one end of the second electrode assembly 12B adjacent to the first positive tab 14Aa and the first negative tab 14Ab, and the first positive tab 14Aa is adjacent to and welded to the second negative tab 14Bb, and the first negative The tab 14Ab and the second positive tab 14Ba lead out of their respective packaging shells.
  • the first positive electrode tab 14Aa and the first negative electrode tab 14Ab of the first electrochemical cell 1A are respectively drawn out from the first encapsulation shell 11A from both ends of the first electrochemical cell 1A, and the second electrochemical cell
  • the second positive electrode tab 14Ba and the second negative electrode tab 14Bb of the cell 1B are drawn out from the second encapsulation shell 11B from both ends of the second electrochemical cell 1B, respectively
  • the third positive electrode tab 14Ca of the third electrochemical cell 1C and the third negative electrode tabs 14Cb are respectively drawn out of the third encapsulation shell 11C from both ends of the third electrochemical cell 1C.
  • the first negative electrode tab 14Ab of the first electrochemical cell 1A and the third electrochemical cell 1C are connected in series, the first negative electrode tab 14Ab of the first electrochemical cell 1A and the third electrochemical cell 1C
  • the third positive electrode tabs 14Ca are located at both ends of the electrochemical device 100 , and serve as the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the electrochemical device 100 , respectively.
  • the first packaging case 11A includes a first annular side wall 111A and a first end wall 112A and a first end wall 112A connecting two ends of the first annular side wall 111A. Two end walls 113A.
  • the first annular side wall 111A, the first end wall 112A and the second end wall 113A are sealed to form a first accommodation space 110A, the first electrode assembly 12A is located in the first accommodation space 110A, and the first electrolyte 13A is filled in the first accommodation space Inside 110A;
  • the second package 11B includes a second annular sidewall 111B surrounding the first annular sidewall 111A, and a third end wall 112B and a fourth end wall connecting the first annular sidewall 111A and the second annular sidewall 111B 113B.
  • the first annular side wall 111A, the second annular side wall 111B, the third end wall 112B and the fourth end wall 113B are sealed to form the second receiving space 110B.
  • the second electrode assembly 12B is located in the second accommodating space 110B, and the second electrolyte 13B is filled in the second accommodating space 110B.
  • the first encapsulation shell 11A provides a first accommodating space 110A for accommodating the first electrode assembly 12A and the first electrolyte 13A; the second encapsulation shell 11B and the first annular side wall 111A of the first encapsulation shell 11A are jointly formed
  • This design is beneficial to reduce the space occupied by the encapsulation shell in the electrochemical device 100 , thereby providing a design possibility for increasing the capacity of the electrochemical device 100 , and on the other hand, it can also reduce the weight of the electrochemical device 100 and reduce the manufacturing cost. .
  • the first electrochemical cell 1A and the second electrochemical cell 1B have the same nominal voltage and the same rated capacity.
  • the cross-sections of the first annular side wall 111A and the second annular side wall 111B are annular respectively due to their certain thickness.
  • the winding densities of the first electrode assembly 12A and the second electrode assembly 12B are the same. In this way, an increase in internal resistance and reverse charging caused by inconsistent voltage or capacity parameters of the two electrochemical cells can be avoided, thereby reducing internal power consumption.
  • the same winding density means that the spacing between adjacent winding layers is substantially the same.
  • the first packaging case 11A includes a first annular side wall 111A, a third annular side wall 115A surrounding the first annular side wall 111A, and connecting the first annular side wall 111A.
  • the first annular side wall 111A, the first end wall 112A and the second end wall 113A are sealed to form a first accommodation space 110A, the first electrode assembly 12A is located in the first accommodation space 110A, and the first electrolyte 13A is filled in the first accommodation space Inside 110A;
  • the second package 11B includes a second annular side wall 111B surrounding the third annular side wall 115A, and a third end wall 112B and a fourth end wall connecting the third annular side wall 115A and the second annular side wall 111B 113B, the third annular side wall 115A, the second annular side wall 111B, the third end wall 112B and the fourth end wall 113B are sealed to form the second receiving space 110B, the second electrode assembly 12B is located in the second receiving space 110B, the second The electrolyte solution 13B is filled in the second storage space 110B.
  • the third annular sidewall 115A surrounds the surface of the first annular sidewall 111A, and the second encapsulation shell 11B and the third annular sidewall 115A are jointly formed for accommodating the second electrode assembly 12B and the second electrolyte The second receiving space 110B of 13B.
  • the first electrochemical cell 1A and the second electrochemical cell 1B have the same nominal voltage and the same rated capacity.
  • the cross-sections of the first annular side wall 111A, the third annular side wall 115A and the second annular side wall 111B are annular, respectively, the inner diameter d1 of the first annular side wall 111A, the third annular side wall 115A
  • the winding densities of the first electrode assembly 12A and the second electrode assembly 12B are the same.
  • the same winding density means that the spacing between adjacent winding layers is substantially the same. Similar to the foregoing embodiments, this design is also designed to avoid internal resistance increase and reverse charging caused by inconsistent voltage or capacity parameters of the two electrochemical cells, thereby reducing internal power consumption.
  • the gap c between the first annular side wall 111A and the third annular side wall 115A satisfies: 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.02 mm. In this way, the internal short circuit and thermal runaway of the first electrochemical cell 1A and/or the second electrochemical cell 1B caused by the deformation after extrusion can be reduced, which further improves the discharge safety of the electrochemical device 100 .
  • the first package 11A includes a first annular side wall 111A, and a first end wall 112A and a second end wall 112A connecting two ends of the first annular side wall 111A
  • the end wall 113A, the first annular side wall 111A, the first end wall 112A and the second end wall 113A are sealed to form a first receiving space 110A
  • the first electrode assembly 12A is located in the first receiving space 110A
  • the first electrolyte 13A is filled in the first receiving space 110A.
  • the second encapsulation case 11B includes a second annular side wall 111B surrounding the first annular side wall 111A, a third annular side wall 115B surrounding the second annular side wall 111B, and connecting the second annular side wall 111B is sealed with the third end wall 112B and the fourth end wall 113B of the third annular side wall 115B, the second annular side wall 111B, the third annular side wall 115B, the third end wall 112B and the fourth end wall 113B to form a second
  • the second electrode assembly 12B is located in the second accommodating space 110B, and the second electrolyte 13B is filled in the second accommodating space 110B.
  • the first package case 11A and the second package case 11B are each independent and not connected.
  • the first electrochemical cell 1A and the second electrochemical cell 1B have the same nominal voltage and the same rated capacity.
  • the cross-sections of the first annular side wall 111A, the third annular side wall 115B and the second annular side wall 111B are annular, respectively, the inner diameter d1 of the first annular side wall 111A, the second annular side wall 111B
  • the winding densities of the first electrode assembly 12A and the second electrode assembly 12B are the same.
  • the same winding density means that the spacing between adjacent winding layers is substantially the same. Similar to the foregoing embodiments, this design is also designed to avoid internal resistance increase and reverse charging caused by inconsistent voltage or capacity parameters of the two electrochemical cells, thereby reducing internal power consumption.
  • the gap c between the first annular side wall 111A and the second annular side wall 111B satisfies: 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.05mm. In this way, the assembly and positioning effect between the two electrochemical cells can be ensured, and the internal short circuit and heat of the first electrochemical cell 1A and/or the second electrochemical cell 1B caused by the deformation after extrusion can be reduced. Out of control, the discharge safety of the electrochemical device 100 is further improved.
  • the first end wall 112A, the second end wall 113A and the second encapsulation case 11B of the first packaging case 1A serve as the watch case of the electrochemical device 100 .
  • the materials of the first encapsulation shell 11A and the second encapsulation shell 11B include polymer composite films, and the specific material types are not limited.
  • a plastic material is employed, including at least one of para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and raw plastic (LCP).
  • the first encapsulation shell 11A and the second encapsulation shell 11B can also be made of aluminum-plastic composite film material. As shown in FIG.
  • the structure of the aluminum-plastic composite film includes a modified polypropylene (PP) layer 31, an aluminum layer 32 and a polyester (PET) layer 33 arranged in sequence along the direction away from the first electrode assembly 12A.
  • the aluminum-plastic composite film has good barrier properties, electrolyte resistance stability, cold stamping formability, puncture resistance and insulation, and can protect the internal structure well.
  • the electrochemical device 100 further includes: a third encapsulation case 3 encapsulating the first electrochemical cell 1A and the second electrochemical cell 1B;
  • a third encapsulation case 3 encapsulating the first electrochemical cell 1A and the second electrochemical cell 1B;
  • the tabs 14Aa and the second negative tabs 14Bb are welded or connected by wires 15
  • the second positive tabs 14Ba and the first negative tabs 14Ab protrude out of the third package 3
  • the first negative electrode tab and the second positive electrode tab are welded or connected by wires
  • the first positive electrode tab and the second negative electrode tab protrude out of the third packaging shell.
  • the second negative electrode tab and the first positive electrode tab are used as the negative electrode and positive electrode of the electrochemical device, respectively, and are connected to the circuit structure of the electronic device.
  • shrapnel electrical contact corresponds to the first negative electrode tab and the second positive electrode tab.
  • the material of the third encapsulation shell 3 is, for example, a polymer composite film or an aluminum-plastic composite film.
  • the electrochemical device is, for example, a lithium-ion battery.
  • the embodiment of the present application increases the nominal voltage of the electrochemical device by connecting a certain number of electrochemical cells in series, thereby reducing the normal discharge current and
  • the maximum discharge current can significantly reduce the heat generation of the electrochemical device during operation, therefore, the occurrence of thermal runaway can be effectively reduced, and the discharge safety of the electrochemical device can be improved.
  • a single lithium-ion battery with a model of 18650 in the related art that is, the lithium-ion battery has a cylindrical shape, a diameter of 18mm and a length of 65mm), and its nominal voltage is 3.7 volts (referring to the discharge during the use of the battery).
  • Platform voltage the rated capacity is 3000 mA, and the heat generation power is about 0.36w when working at a 1C discharge rate.
  • a 18650 model lithium ion battery is also used, which includes two battery cells connected in series, such as the first electrochemical cell 1A and the second electrochemical cell shown in FIG. 1 respectively. 1B, wherein the diameter of the first battery cell 1A is 12.73mm, the inner diameter of the second electrode assembly 12B of the second battery cell 1B is 12.75mm, the outer diameter of the second battery cell 1B is 18mm, and the first battery
  • the chemical cell 1A and the second electrochemical cell 1B have a nominal voltage of 3.7 volts and a nominal capacity of 1500 milliamp hours.
  • the lithium-ion battery has a nominal voltage of 7.4 volts and a rated capacity of 3000 mAh. It also operates at a 1C discharge rate, and the heat generation power is about 0.189W.
  • the nominal voltage of the lithium-ion battery in the embodiment of the present application is doubled, and the heat output is reduced by nearly half.
  • the heat dissipation area of the two battery cells is larger than that of the single lithium-ion battery in the related art, it is more favorable for the heat to be dissipated in time, thereby significantly reducing the temperature rise of the lithium-ion battery during operation.
  • the negative electrode electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector is not particularly limited, for example, copper foil, aluminum foil, aluminum alloy foil, or composite current collector is used.
  • the material of the negative electrode active material layer is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, at least one of artificial graphite, natural graphite, mesocarbon microspheres, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon, silicon carbon, lithium titanate, and the like.
  • the positive electrode sheet is not particularly limited, for example, the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited, for example, aluminum foil, aluminum alloy foil, or composite current collector is used.
  • the material of the positive electrode active material layer is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, at least one of NCM811, NCM622, NCM523, NCM111, NCA, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, or lithium titanate.
  • the electrolyte is not particularly limited.
  • the electrolyte may be in any of a gel state, a solid state, and a liquid state.
  • the liquid electrolyte includes a lithium salt and a non-aqueous solvent.
  • lithium salts include lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO 2 F 2 ), bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide Lithium LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 (LiTFSI), Lithium Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide Li(N(SO 2 F) 2 )(LiFSI), Lithium Bisoxalate Borate LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 (LiBOB) ) or at least one of lithium difluorooxalate borate LiBF 2 (C 2 O 4 ) (LiDFOB).
  • LiPF 6 can be selected as the lithium salt.
  • the non-aqueous solvent is not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the non-aqueous solvent includes at least one of carbonate compounds, carboxylate compounds, ether compounds, nitrile compounds or other organic solvents.
  • the carbonate compound may include diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), methyl propyl carbonate (MPC), ethyl propyl carbonate ( EPC), methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), 1,2-difluoroethylene carbonate, 1,1-difluoroethylene carbonate, 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene carbonate, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluorocarbonate Ethylene carbonate, 1-fluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate, 1-fluor
  • the separator includes polymers or inorganic substances formed from materials that are stable to the electrolyte.
  • the separator should be ionically conductive and electronically insulating.
  • the separator includes a substrate layer and a surface treatment layer.
  • the substrate layer is, for example, a non-woven fabric, film or composite film with a porous structure
  • the material of the substrate layer is, for example, at least one selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide. kind.
  • the substrate layer adopts polypropylene porous film, polyethylene porous film, polypropylene non-woven fabric, polyethylene non-woven fabric or polypropylene-polyethylene-polypropylene porous composite film.
  • at least one surface of the substrate layer is provided with a surface treatment layer, such as a polymer layer or an inorganic layer, or a layer formed by mixing polymers and inorganic substances.
  • the inorganic layer includes inorganic particles and a binder, and the embodiment of the present application does not have any particular limitations on the inorganic particles, for example, it can be selected from aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, hafnium dioxide, tin oxide, and ceria , at least one of nickel oxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, zirconium oxide, yttrium oxide, silicon carbide, boehmite, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and barium sulfate.
  • the binder in the embodiment of the present application can be selected from polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, One or a combination of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyhexafluoropropylene.
  • the polymer layer contains a polymer, and the material of the polymer includes polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, acrylate polymer, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polyvinylidene fluoride or poly( At least one of vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene).
  • the electrochemical device includes two electrochemical cells, such as a first electrochemical cell 1A and a second electrochemical cell 1B as shown in Figures 2a and 2b.
  • the production method of this electrochemical device is as follows, in which various tests and evaluations were performed according to the following methods, and unless otherwise specified, "parts" and “%” are based on weight.
  • the negative electrode active material graphite, conductive carbon black, and styrene-butadiene rubber were mixed according to a mass ratio of 96:1.5:2.5, deionized water was added as a solvent, and a slurry with a solid content of 70% was prepared and stirred evenly.
  • the slurry was uniformly coated on one surface of a copper foil with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m, and dried at 110° C. to obtain a negative electrode pole piece with a single-sided coating of a negative electrode active material layer with a coating thickness of 150 ⁇ m.
  • the above coating steps were repeated on the other surface of the negative pole piece.
  • the positive active material LiCoO 2 , conductive carbon black, and PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) were mixed in a mass ratio of 97.5:1.0:1.5, and NMP was added as a solvent to prepare a slurry with a solid content of 75%, which was stirred evenly.
  • the slurry was uniformly coated on one surface of an aluminum foil with a thickness of 12 ⁇ m, and dried at 90° C. to obtain a single-sided positive electrode sheet with a coating thickness of 100 ⁇ m coated with a positive electrode active material layer. The above steps are then repeated on the other surface of the positive pole piece.
  • organic solvents EC ethylene carbonate
  • EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
  • DEC diethyl carbonate
  • LiPF 6 lithium hexafluorophosphate
  • the double-coated negative pole piece, the first separator, the double-sided coated positive pole piece, and the second separator are stacked in sequence, and then wound into a cylindrical shape, and the positive pole lug and the negative pole lug are drawn out, and the first diaphragm is placed. on the outermost side.
  • the first separator and the second separator are polyethylene (PE) films with a thickness of 15 ⁇ m.
  • a wound-type first electrode assembly 12A was produced.
  • the double-coated negative pole piece, the first separator, the double-sided coated positive pole piece, and the second separator are stacked in sequence, and then wound into a cylindrical shape, and the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab are drawn out, and the second separator Placed on the outermost side, wherein the first separator and the second separator are polyethylene (PE) films with a thickness of 15 ⁇ m.
  • PE polyethylene
  • a punch-shaped encapsulation film with a thickness of 60 ⁇ m was placed in the assembly jig with the pit surface facing upward; after that, the first electrode assembly 12A prepared according to Preparation Example 4 was placed in the pit; after that, another thickness The encapsulation film formed for the 60 ⁇ m punched pit is covered on the wound electrode assembly A with the pit surface facing down; after that, the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are drawn out, and the two encapsulation films are heat-sealed by hot pressing. An accommodating space with one end open was formed; then, the electrolyte prepared according to Preparation Example 3 was injected into the accommodating space from the opening; finally, the opening was sealed by hot pressing to obtain the first electrochemical cell 1A.
  • a 60 ⁇ m-thick encapsulation film formed by punching is placed in the assembly jig with the pit facing upward; after that, the first electrochemical cell 1A is set on the second electrode assembly 12B wound into a cylindrical shape.
  • the positive electrode tab of the first electrode assembly 12A and the negative electrode tab of the second electrode assembly 12B are arranged close to each other in the through hole; after that, the above assembly is placed in the pit, and another punched hole with a thickness of 60 ⁇ m is formed.
  • the encapsulation film is covered on the second electrode assembly 12B with the pits facing downwards; after that, the positive electrode tabs and the negative electrode tabs of the second electrode assembly 12B are drawn out, and the upper and lower encapsulation films are connected with the first electrode by hot pressing.
  • the encapsulation shell of chemical monomer 1A was heat-sealed to form an annular accommodation space with one end open; then, the electrolyte prepared according to Preparation Example 3 was injected into the accommodation space from the opening; then, the opening was sealed by hot pressing to obtain electrochemical Monomer 1B.
  • the positive electrode tabs drawn from the packaging case of the first battery cell 1A are welded to the negative electrode tabs drawn from the packaging case of the second battery cell 1B, thereby connecting the two battery cells in series to obtain an electrochemical device.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device, including the electrochemical device of any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • Specific product types of electronic devices include, but are not limited to, mobile terminals, power tools, electric vehicles, mobile power supplies, and the like. Since the electrochemical device generates less heat during high-power discharge, the discharge safety is higher, and therefore, the safety of the use of the electronic device is also higher.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种电化学装置及电子装置。电化学装置包括：第一电化学单体，包括第一封装壳、位于所述第一封装壳内的第一电极组件，以及填充于所述第一封装壳内的第一电解液；及第二电化学单体，与所述第一电化学单体串联，包括位于所述第一封装壳之外并与所述第一封装壳连接的第二封装壳、位于所述第二封装壳内的第二电极组件，以及填充于所述第二封装壳内的第二电解液，其中，所述第二电化学单体具有通孔，所述第一电化学单体位于所述通孔内。

Description

电化学装置及电子装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种电化学装置及电子装置。
背景技术
锂离子电池作为一种电化学装置，其主要依靠锂离子在正极和负极之间的移动来工作。锂离子电池作为清洁动力和清洁电力的来源，在新能源行业的地位与应用普遍性日益突出，被广泛应用于移动终端、电动工具、电动汽车等各类电子产品中。
目前，随着电子产品用电需求的不断增加，对锂离子电池的放电功率也提出了更高的要求。然而，在较大的放电功率下，锂离子电池的产热通常也较大。
发明内容
根据本申请实施例的一方面，提供一种电化学装置，包括：
第一电化学单体，包括第一封装壳、位于所述第一封装壳内的第一电极组件，以及填充于所述第一封装壳内的第一电解液；及
第二电化学单体，与所述第一电化学单体串联，包括位于所述第一封装壳之外并与所述第一封装壳连接的第二封装壳、位于所述第二封装壳内的第二电极组件，以及填充于所述第二封装壳内的第二电解液，其中，所述第二电化学单体具有通孔，所述第一电化学单体位于所述通孔内。
在一些实施例中，所述第一封装壳包括第一环形侧壁及连接所述第一环形侧壁两端的第一端壁和第二端壁，所述第一环形侧壁、所述第一端壁及所述第二端壁密封形成第一收容空间，所述第一电极组件位于所述第一收容空间内，所述第一电解液填充于所述第一收容空间内；
所述第二封装壳包括环绕所述第一环形侧壁的第二环形侧壁，及连接所述第一环形侧壁与所述第二环形侧壁的第三端壁和第四端壁，所述第一环形侧壁、所述第二环形侧壁、所述第三端壁及所述第四端壁密封形成第二收容空间，所述第二电极组件位于所述第二收容空间内，所述第二电解液填充于所述第二收容空间内。
在一些实施例中，所述第一电化学单体和所述第二电化学单体的标称电压相同并且额定容量相同；
所述第一环形侧壁和所述第二环形侧壁的截面分别呈圆环状，所述第一环形侧壁的内径d1、所述第一环形侧壁的外径D1和所述第二环形侧壁的内径d2，满足：d1 2＝d2 2-D1 2。
在一些实施例中，所述第一封装壳包括第一环形侧壁、环绕所述第一环形侧壁的第三环形侧壁，及连接所述第一环形侧壁与所述第三环形侧壁两端的第一端壁和第二端壁，所述第一环形侧壁、所述第一端壁及所述第二端壁密封形成第一收容空间，所述第一电极组件位于所述第一收容空间内，所述第一电解液填充于所述第一收容空间内；
所述第二封装壳包括环绕所述第三环形侧壁的第二环形侧壁，及连接所述第三环形侧壁与所述第二环形侧壁的第三端壁及第四端壁，所述第三环形侧壁、所述第二环形侧壁、所述第三端壁及所述第四端壁密封形成第二收容空间，所述第二电极组件位于所述第二收容空间内，所述第二电解液填充于所述第二收容空间内。
在一些实施例中，所述第一电化学单体和所述第二电化学单体的标称电压相同并且额定容量相同；
所述第一环形侧壁、所述第三环形侧壁和所述第二环形侧壁的截面分别呈圆环状，所述第一环形侧壁的内径d1、所述第三环形侧壁的外径D3和所述第二环形侧壁的内径d2，满足：d1 2＝d2 2-D3 2。
在一些实施例中，所述第一环形侧壁与所述第三环形侧壁之间的间隙c满足：0≤c≤0.02mm。
在一些实施例中，所述第一封装壳包括第一环形侧壁，及连接所述第一环形侧壁两端的第一端壁与第二端壁，所述第一环形侧壁、所述第一端壁及所述第二端壁密封形成第一收容空间，所述第一电极组件位于所述第一收容空间内，所述第一电解液填充于所述第一收容空间内；
所述第二封装壳包括环绕所述第一环形侧壁的第二环形侧壁及环绕所述第二环形侧壁的第三环形侧壁，及连接所述第二环形侧壁与所述第三环形侧壁的第三端壁及第四端壁，所述第二环形侧壁、所述第三环形侧壁、所述第 三端壁及所述第四端壁密封形成第二收容空间，所述第二电极组件位于所述第二收容空间内，所述第二电解液填充于所述第二收容空间内。
在一些实施例中，所述第一电化学单体和所述第二电化学单体的标称电压相同并且额定容量相同；
所述第一环形侧壁、所述第三环形侧壁和所述第二环形侧壁的截面分别呈圆环状，所述第一环形侧壁的内径d1、所述第二环形侧壁的外径D2和所述第三环形侧壁的内径d3，满足：d1 2＝d3 2-D2 2。
在一些实施例中，所述第一环形侧壁与所述第二环形侧壁之间的间隙c满足：0≤c≤0.05mm。
在一些实施例中，所述第一封装壳的材料包括铝塑复合膜或高分子复合膜，所述第二封装壳的材料包括铝塑复合膜或高分子复合膜。
在一些实施例中，所述第一电极组件和所述第二电极组件分别为卷绕式电极组件；
所述第一电极组件包括伸出所述第一封装壳的第一正极极耳和第一负极极耳，所述第二电极组件包括伸出所述第二封装壳的第二正极极耳和第二负极极耳，其中，所述第一正极极耳和所述第二负极极耳焊接或通过导线连接；或者，所述第一负极极耳和所述第二正极极耳焊接或通过导线连接。
在一些实施例中，所述第一正极极耳和所述第一负极极耳位于所述第一电极组件的不同端，所述第二正极极耳和所述第二负极极耳位于所述第二电极组件的不同端，且所述第一正极极耳与所述第二负极极耳相邻，所述第一负极极耳与所述第二正极极耳相邻；或者
所述第一正极极耳和所述第一负极极耳位于所述第一电极组件的同一端，所述第二正极极耳和所述第二负极极耳位于所述第二电极组件的与所述第一正极极耳和所述第一负极极耳相邻的一端。
在一些实施例中，电化学装置还包括：封装所述第一电化学单体和所述第二电化学单体的第三封装壳；
当所述第一正极极耳和所述第二负极极耳焊接或通过导线连接时，所述第二正极极耳和所述第一负极极耳伸出所述第三封装壳，或者，所述第二正极极耳的一侧表面和所述第一负极极耳的一侧表面暴露于所述第三封装壳上 对应开设的暴露口内；
当所述第一负极极耳和所述第二正极极耳焊接或通过导线连接时，所述第一正极极耳和所述第二负极极耳伸出所述第三封装壳，或者，所述第一正极极耳的一侧表面和所述第二负极极耳的一侧表面暴露于所述第三封装壳上对应开设的暴露口内。
在一些实施例中，所述第三封装壳的材料包括铝塑复合膜。
在一些实施例中，所述铝塑复合膜包括沿远离所述第二电化学单体的方向依次设置的改性聚丙烯层、铝层和聚酯层。
在一些实施例中，所述第一封装壳和所述第二封装壳的材料包括高分子复合膜。
根据本申请实施例的另一方面，提供一种电子装置，包括前述任一技术方案所述的电化学装置。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或相关技术中的技术方案，下面对本申请实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例电化学装置的装配过程示意图；
图2a为本申请一些实施例电化学装置的结构剖视图；
图2b为本申请一些实施例电化学装置沿图2a的A-A向的截面示意图；
图3a为本申请另一些实施例电化学装置的结构剖视图；
图3b为本申请一些实施例电化学装置沿图3a的B-B向的截面示意图；
图4a为本申请又一些实施例电化学装置的结构剖视图；
图4b为本申请一些实施例电化学装置沿图4a的C-C向的截面示意图；
图5为本申请一些实施例中卷绕式电极组件的截面示意图；
图6为本申请再一些实施例电化学装置的结构剖视图；
图7为本申请再一些实施例电化学装置的结构剖视图；
图8为本申请再一些实施例电化学装置的结构剖视图；
图9为本申请再一些实施例电化学装置的结构剖视图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下参照附图并举实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
锂离子电池作为一种电化学装置，其基本工作原理为：锂离子以电解液为介质在正极与负极之间运动，从而可以实现锂离子电池的充电与放电。锂离子电池充电时，锂离子从正极材料的晶格中脱出，经过电解液后嵌入到负极材料的晶格中，使得负极富锂，正极贫锂；锂离子电池放电时，锂离子从负极材料的晶格中脱出，经过电解液后嵌入到正极材料的晶格中，使得正极富锂，负极贫锂。
目前，随着电子装置产品用电需求的不断增加，对锂离子电池的放电功率也提出了更高的要求。然而，在较大的放电功率下，锂离子电池的产热通常也较大，存在热失控安全隐患。
本申请实施例提供了一种电化学装置及包含该电化学装置的电子装置，该电化学装置在大功率放电时的产热量较小，放电安全性更高。
如图1、图2a和图2b所示，本申请一些实施例提供的电化学装置100，包括：
第一电化学单体1A，包括第一封装壳11A、位于第一封装壳11A内的第一电极组件12A，以及填充于第一封装壳11A内的第一电解液13A；及
第二电化学单体1B，与第一电化学单体1A串联，包括位于第一封装壳11A之外并与第一封装壳11A连接的第二封装壳11B、位于第二封装壳11B内的第二电极组件12B，以及填充于第二封装壳11B内的第二电解液13B，其中，第二电化学单体1B具有通孔120，第一电化学单体1A位于通孔120内。
在本申请图1、图2a和图2b所示的实施例中，电化学装置100所包含的电化学单体的数量为两个，分别为第一电化学单体1A和第二电化学单体1B。在本申请的一些其它实施例中，电化学装置所包含的电化学单体的数量也可以为三个或者为更多个，例如这些电化学单体分别为第一电化学单体、第二电化学单体、第三电化学单体……，这些电化学单体依次嵌套。
以下实施例以电化学装置包含两个电化学单体为例进行说明。
如图1、图2a和图2b所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一电极组件12A包括伸出第一封装壳11A的第一正极极耳14Aa和第一负极极耳14Ab，第二电极组件12B包括伸出第二封装壳11B的第二正极极耳14Ba和第二负极极耳14Bb，其中，第一正极极耳14Aa和第二负极极耳14Bb焊接，第一负极极耳14Ab和第二正极极耳14Ba独立引出并分别作为电化学装置100的负极和正极，从而实现第一电化学单体1A和第二电化学单体1B的串联。如图8所示，在本申请的一些实施例中，第一正极极耳14Aa和第二负极极耳14Bb也可以分别与一导线15的两端焊接，即第一正极极耳14Aa和第二负极极耳14Bb通过导线15连接，从而实现第一电化学单体1A和第二电化学单体1B的串联。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，也可以是，第一负极极耳和第二正极极耳焊接，第一正极极耳和第二负极极耳独立引出并分别作为电化学装置的正极和负极，从而实现第一电化学单体和第二电化学单体的串联。第一负极极耳和第二正极极耳也可以分别与一导线的两端焊接，即第一负极极耳和第二正极极耳通过导线连接，从而实现第一电化学单体和第二电化学单体的串联。
如图5所示，一种常规的卷绕式电极组件包括：在层叠后卷绕设置的正极极片121a和负极极片121b、位于正极极片121a和负极极片121b之间的隔膜123、连接正极极片121a的正极极耳14a，以及连接负极极片121b的负极极耳14b。卷绕式电极组件的正极极片121a和负极极片121b的主要结构均包括集流体和位于集流体表面的活性材料层。以正极极片121a为例，其集流体的卷绕起始端具有空箔区，即没有被活性材料层覆盖的区域，正极极耳14a与该空箔区焊接或一体连接。负极极片121b与正极极片121a的结构类似，但所采用的材料有所差异，具体详见下文关于正极极片和负极极片的制备例。
根据卷绕式电极组件的卷绕方式不同，在一个实施例中，如图5所示，隔膜123的一部分作为该卷绕式电极组件的最外层，即暴露于卷绕式电极组件的周侧表面。在另一个实施例中，也可以是，正极极片121a或负极极片121b的一部分作为卷绕式电极组件的最外层。再又一个实施例中，还可以是，隔膜123的一部分，以及正极极片121a或负极极片121b的一部分共同作为卷 绕式电极组件的最外层。当正极极片121a或负极极片121b的一部分作为卷绕式电极组件的最外层时，其集流体的对应区域可以在两侧表面或仅在内侧表面涂布活性材料。
卷绕式电极组件中，在形成电化学单体后，正极极片121a和负极极片121b浸润在电解液中并通过隔膜123间隔。隔膜123的作用是允许锂离子自由通过，而不允许电子通过，从而防止正极与负极之间通过电解液发生短路。
如图1所示，在一些实施例中，第一电化学单体1A还包括：将第一正极极耳14Aa与第一封装壳11A密封连接的第一正极极耳胶142Aa，及将第一负极极耳14Ab与第一封装壳11A密封连接的第一负极极耳胶142Ab；第二电化学单体1B还包括：将第二正极极耳14Ba与第二封装壳11B密封连接的第二正极极耳胶142Ba，及将第二负极极耳14Bb与第二封装壳11B密封连接的第二负极极耳胶142Bb。密封连接的方式例如为，通过热熔工艺与封装壳密封粘合在一起，一方面，可以防止极片与封装壳外发生短路，另一方面，能够起到密封作用，防止电解液泄露。
在本申请实施例中，第一电化学单体1A呈柱状，第二电极组件12B与第一电化学单体1A的形状相匹配。例如，如图1所示，第一电化学单体1A呈圆柱状，第二电极组件12B呈圆筒状，具有通孔120。又例如，第一电化学单体呈棱柱状，例如呈正棱柱形状或较为扁平的矩形立方体形状，第二电极组件呈棱筒状。再例如，第一电化学单体呈椭圆柱状，第二电极组件呈椭圆筒状，等等。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，第一电化学单体也可以为筒状，这样，电化学装置整体上呈筒状，可用在一些特殊形状需求的电子装置中。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一电极组件12A和第二电极组件12B分别为卷绕式电极组件。如图2a所示，第一正极极耳14Aa和第一负极极耳14Ab位于第一电极组件12A的不同端，第二正极极耳14Ba和第二负极极耳14Bb位于第二电极组件12B的不同端，且第一正极极耳14Aa与第二负极极耳14Bb相邻并焊接，第一负极极耳14Ab与第二正极极耳14Ba相邻并分别引出各自的封装壳。
如图6所示，在本申请的另一些实施例中，第一正极极耳14Aa和第一负 极极耳14Ab位于第一电极组件12A的同一端，第二正极极耳14Ba和第二负极极耳14Bb位于第二电极组件12B的与第一正极极耳14Aa和第一负极极耳14Ab相邻的一端，且第一正极极耳14Aa与第二负极极耳14Bb相邻并焊接，第一负极极耳14Ab与第二正极极耳14Ba引出各自的封装壳。
按照类似的极耳连接方式，可以实现多个电化学单体的串联。如图2a所示，第一电化学单体1A和第二电化学单体1B在串联后，第一电化学单体1A的第一负极极耳14Ab以及第二电化学单体1B的第二正极极耳14Ba在电化学装置100的同一端引出各自的封装壳。如图7所示，第一电化学单体1A的第一正极极耳14Aa和第一负极极耳14Ab分别从第一电化学单体1A的两端引出第一封装壳11A，第二电化学单体1B的第二正极极耳14Ba和第二负极极耳14Bb分别从第二电化学单体1B的两端引出第二封装壳11B，第三电化学单体1C的第三正极极耳14Ca和第三负极极耳14Cb分别从第三电化学单体1C的两端引出第三封装壳11C。第一电化学单体1A、第二电化学单体1B、第三电化学单体1C在串联后，第一电化学单体1A的第一负极极耳14Ab和第三电化学单体1C的第三正极极耳14Ca分别位于电化学装置100的两端，并且分别作为电化学装置100的负极和正极。
如图1、图2a和图2b所示，在本申请的该实施例中，第一封装壳11A包括第一环形侧壁111A及连接第一环形侧壁111A两端的第一端壁112A和第二端壁113A。第一环形侧壁111A、第一端壁112A及第二端壁113A密封形成第一收容空间110A，第一电极组件12A位于第一收容空间110A内，第一电解液13A填充于第一收容空间110A内；第二封装壳11B包括环绕第一环形侧壁111A的第二环形侧壁111B，及连接第一环形侧壁111A与第二环形侧壁111B的第三端壁112B和第四端壁113B。第一环形侧壁111A、第二环形侧壁111B、第三端壁112B及第四端壁113B密封形成第二收容空间110B。第二电极组件12B位于第二收容空间110B内，第二电解液13B填充于第二收容空间110B内。
在该设计中，第一封装壳11A提供容纳第一电极组件12A和第一电解液13A的第一收容空间110A；第二封装壳11B与第一封装壳11A的第一环形侧壁111A共同形成用于容纳第二电极组件12B和第二电解液13B的第二收容 空间110B。这样设计，有利于减少电化学装置100内封装壳所占用的空间，从而为增加电化学装置100的容量提供设计可能，另一方面，还能减小电化学装置100的重量，降低制造的成本。
在一些实施例中，第一电化学单体1A和第二电化学单体1B的标称电压相同并且额定容量相同。如图2a所示，在结构设计上，由于具有一定的厚度，第一环形侧壁111A和第二环形侧壁111B的截面分别呈圆环状，第一环形侧壁111A的内径d1、第一环形侧壁111A的外径D1和第二环形侧壁111B的内径d2，在一定误差范围内满足：d1 2＝d2 2-D1 2。第一电极组件12A和第二电极组件12B的卷绕密度相同。这样，可以避免因两个电化学单体的电压或容量参数不一致导致的内阻增高和反充电，减少内部电能消耗。在一实施方式中，所述卷绕密度相同是指相邻卷绕层之间的间距大致相同。
如图3a和图3b所示，在本申请的另一些实施例中，第一封装壳11A包括第一环形侧壁111A、环绕第一环形侧壁111A的第三环形侧壁115A，及连接第一环形侧壁111A与第三环形侧壁115A两端的第一端壁112A和第二端壁113A。第一环形侧壁111A、第一端壁112A及第二端壁113A密封形成第一收容空间110A，第一电极组件12A位于第一收容空间110A内，第一电解液13A填充于第一收容空间110A内；第二封装壳11B包括环绕第三环形侧壁115A的第二环形侧壁111B，及连接第三环形侧壁115A与第二环形侧壁111B的第三端壁112B及第四端壁113B，第三环形侧壁115A、第二环形侧壁111B、第三端壁112B及第四端壁113B密封形成第二收容空间110B，第二电极组件12B位于第二收容空间110B内，第二电解液13B填充于第二收容空间110B内。在该实施例中，第三环形侧壁115A环绕在第一环形侧壁111A的表面，第二封装壳11B与第三环形侧壁115A共同形成用于容纳第二电极组件12B和第二电解液13B的第二收容空间110B。
在一些实施例中，第一电化学单体1A和第二电化学单体1B的标称电压相同并且额定容量相同。如图3b所示，第一环形侧壁111A、第三环形侧壁115A和第二环形侧壁111B的截面分别呈圆环状，第一环形侧壁111A的内径d1、第三环形侧壁115A的外径D3和第二环形侧壁111B的内径d2，在一定误差范围内满足：d1 2＝d2 2-D3 2。第一电极组件12A和第二电极组件12B的卷 绕密度相同。在一实施方式中，所述卷绕密度相同是指相邻卷绕层之间的间距大致相同。与前述实施例类似，这样设计也是为了避免因两个电化学单体的电压或容量参数不一致导致的内阻增高和反充电，减少内部电能消耗。
在一些实施例中，第一环形侧壁111A与第三环形侧壁115A之间的间隙c满足：0≤c≤0.02mm。这样，可以减少因挤压后形变而导致的第一电化学单体1A和/或第二电化学单体1B内部短路和热失控，进一步提高了电化学装置100放电的安全性。
如图4a和图4b所示，在本申请的又一些实施例中，第一封装壳11A包括第一环形侧壁111A，及连接第一环形侧壁111A两端的第一端壁112A与第二端壁113A，第一环形侧壁111A、第一端壁112A及第二端壁113A密封形成第一收容空间110A，第一电极组件12A位于第一收容空间110A内，第一电解液13A填充于第一收容空间110A内；第二封装壳11B包括环绕第一环形侧壁111A的第二环形侧壁111B、环绕第二环形侧壁111B的第三环形侧壁115B，及连接第二环形侧壁111B与第三环形侧壁115B的第三端壁112B及第四端壁113B，第二环形侧壁111B、第三环形侧壁115B、第三端壁112B及第四端壁113B密封形成第二收容空间110B，第二电极组件12B位于第二收容空间110B内，第二电解液13B填充于第二收容空间110B内。在该实施例中，第一封装壳11A和第二封装壳11B各自独立而不连接。
在一些实施例中，第一电化学单体1A和第二电化学单体1B的标称电压相同并且额定容量相同。如图4b所示，第一环形侧壁111A、第三环形侧壁115B和第二环形侧壁111B的截面分别呈圆环状，第一环形侧壁111A的内径d1、第二环形侧壁111B的外径D2和第三环形侧壁115B的内径d3，在一定误差范围内满足：d1 2＝d3 2-D2 2。第一电极组件12A和第二电极组件12B的卷绕密度相同。在一实施方式中，所述卷绕密度相同是指相邻卷绕层之间的间距大致相同。与前述实施例类似，这样设计也是为了避免因两个电化学单体的电压或容量参数不一致导致的内阻增高和反充电，减少内部电能消耗。
在一些实施例中，第一环形侧壁111A与第二环形侧壁111B之间的间隙c满足：0≤c≤0.05mm。这样，既可以保证两个电化学单体之间的装配定位效果，又可以减少因挤压后形变而导致的第一电化学单体1A和/或第二电化 学单体1B内部短路和热失控，进一步提高了电化学装置100放电的安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2a所示，第一封装壳1A的第一端壁112A、第二端壁113A和第二封装壳11B作为电化学装置100的表壳。第一封装壳11A、第二封装壳11B的材料包括高分子复合膜，具体材料类型不限。例如，在一些实施例中，采用塑料材料，包括对羟基苯甲酸(PHBA)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、塑料原胶(LCP)中的至少一种。此外，第一封装壳11A和第二封装壳11B也可以采用铝塑复合膜材料。如图2a所示，铝塑复合膜的结构包括沿远离第一电极组件12A的方向依次设置的改性聚丙烯(PP)层31、铝层32和聚酯(PET)层33。铝塑复合膜具有良好的阻隔性、耐电解液稳定性、冷冲压成型性、抗穿刺性和绝缘性，能够对内部结构起到良好的保护效果。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，如图8所示，电化学装置100还包括：封装第一电化学单体1A和第二电化学单体1B的第三封装壳3；当第一正极极耳14Aa和第二负极极耳14Bb焊接或通过导线15连接时，第二正极极耳14Ba和第一负极极耳14Ab伸出第三封装壳3。类似的，当第一负极极耳和第二正极极耳焊接或通过导线连接时，第一正极极耳和第二负极极耳伸出第三封装壳。
在本申请的又一些实施例中，如图9所示，当第一正极极耳14Aa和第二负极极耳14Bb焊接或通过导线连接时，第二正极极耳14Ba的一侧表面和第一负极极耳14Ab的一侧表面暴露于第三封装壳3上对应开设的两个暴露口34a、34b内。电化学装置100在使用时，第一负极极耳14Ab和第二正极极耳14Ba分别作为电化学装置100的负极和正极与电子装置的电路结构中所对应设计的弹片电性接触。类似的，当第一负极极耳和第二正极极耳焊接或通过导线连接时，第二负极极耳和第一正极极耳分别作为电化学装置的负极和正极与电子装置的电路结构中所对应设计的弹片电性接触。
对于包含第三封装壳3的电化学装置100，第三封装壳3的材料例如为高分子复合膜或者铝塑复合膜。
在本申请实施例中，电化学装置例如为锂离子电池。
在与单体电化学装置具有相当放电功率的前提下，本申请实施例通过将一定数量的电化学单体串联来增加电化学装置的标称电压，进而减小电化学 装置的正常放电电流和最大放电电流，这使得电化学装置在工作时的产热显著降低，因此，可以有效减少热失控的发生，提高了电化学装置的放电安全性。
另外，由于一定数量的电化学单体在串联后，表面积总和增大，总散热面积大于功率相当的单体电化学装置的散热面积，因此，更有利于热量及时散出，从而更加降低了电化学装置工作时的温升。
相关技术中的一种型号为18650的单体锂离子电池(即锂离子电池的外形呈圆柱状，直径为18mm，长度为65mm)，其标称电压为3.7伏(指电池使用过程中放电的平台电压)，额定容量为3000毫安时，工作在1C放电倍率时，产热功率约为0.36w。
在本申请的一个实施例中，同样采用18650型号的锂离子电池，其包括串联的两个电池单体，例如分别为图1所示的第一电化学单体1A和第二电化学单体1B，其中，第一电池单体1A的直径为12.73mm，第二电池单体1B的第二电极组件12B的内直径为12.75mm，第二电池单体1B的外直径为18mm，第一电化学单体1A和第二电化学单体1B的标称电压为3.7伏，额定容量为1500毫安时。该锂离子电池的标称电压为7.4伏，额定容量为3000毫安时，同样是工作在1C放电倍率，产热功率约为0.189W。
可见，与相关技术相比，在相同的额定容量下，本申请实施例锂离子电池的标称电压增加一倍，热量产出减少了将近一半。并且，由于两个电池单体相比相关技术单体锂离子电池的散热面积更大，因此，更有利于热量及时散出，从而明显降低了锂离子电池工作时的温升。
在本申请实施例中，对负极极片没有特别限制，例如，负极极片包含负极集流体和负极活性材料层。其中，负极集流体的材料没有特别限制，例如采用铜箔、铝箔、铝合金箔或复合集流体等。负极活性材料层的材料没有特别限制，例如包括人造石墨、天然石墨、中间相碳微球、软碳、硬碳、硅、硅碳、钛酸锂等中的至少一种。
在本申请实施例中，对正极极片没有特别限制，例如，正极极片包含正极集流体和正极活性材料层。其中，正极集流体的材料没有特别限制，例如采用铝箔、铝合金箔或复合集流体等。正极活性材料层的材料没有特别限制， 例如包括NCM811、NCM622、NCM523、NCM111、NCA、磷酸铁锂、钴酸锂、锰酸锂、磷酸锰铁锂或钛酸锂中的至少一种。
在本申请实施例中，对电解液没有特别限制。例如，电解液可以是凝胶态、固态和液态中的任一种。例如，液态电解液包括锂盐和非水溶剂。
本申请实施例对锂盐没有特别限制，例如，锂盐包括六氟磷酸锂(LiPF 6)、四氟硼酸锂(LiBF 4)、二氟磷酸锂(LiPO 2F 2)、双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺锂LiN(CF 3SO 2) 2(LiTFSI)、双(氟磺酰)亚胺锂Li(N(SO 2F) 2)(LiFSI)、双草酸硼酸锂LiB(C 2O 4) 2(LiBOB)或二氟草酸硼酸锂LiBF 2(C 2O 4)(LiDFOB)中的至少一种。例如，锂盐可选用LiPF 6。
本申请实施例对非水溶剂没有特别限制，例如，非水溶剂包括碳酸酯化合物、羧酸酯化合物、醚化合物、腈化合物或其它有机溶剂中的至少一种。碳酸酯化合物可以包括碳酸二乙酯(DEC)、碳酸二甲酯(DMC)、碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)、碳酸二丙酯(DPC)、碳酸甲丙酯(MPC)、碳酸乙丙酯(EPC)、碳酸甲乙酯(MEC)、碳酸亚乙酯(EC)、碳酸亚丙酯(PC)、碳酸亚丁酯(BC)、碳酸乙烯基亚乙酯(VEC)、碳酸氟代亚乙酯(FEC)、碳酸1,2-二氟亚乙酯、碳酸1,1-二氟亚乙酯、碳酸1,1,2-三氟亚乙酯、碳酸1,1,2,2-四氟亚乙酯、碳酸1-氟-2-甲基亚乙酯、碳酸1-氟-1-甲基亚乙酯、碳酸1,2-二氟-1-甲基亚乙酯、碳酸1,1,2-三氟-2-甲基亚乙酯或碳酸三氟甲基亚乙酯中的至少一种。
本申请实施例对隔膜没有特别限制，例如，隔膜包括由对电解液稳定的材料形成的聚合物或无机物等。隔膜应当具有离子传导性和电子绝缘性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，隔膜包括基材层和表面处理层。基材层例如为具有多孔结构的无纺布、膜或复合膜，基材层的材料例如选自聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚酰亚胺中的至少一种。例如，基材层采用聚丙烯多孔膜、聚乙烯多孔膜、聚丙烯无纺布、聚乙烯无纺布或聚丙烯-聚乙烯-聚丙烯多孔复合膜。在一些实施例中，基材层的至少一个表面上设置有表面处理层，表面处理层例如为聚合物层或无机物层，或者为混合聚合物与无机物所形成的层。
例如，无机物层包括无机颗粒和粘结剂，本申请实施例对无机颗粒没有特别限制，例如可以选自氧化铝、氧化硅、氧化镁、氧化钛、二氧化铪、氧 化锡、二氧化铈、氧化镍、氧化锌、氧化钙、氧化锆、氧化钇、碳化硅、勃姆石、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、氢氧化钙和硫酸钡中的至少一种。本申请实施例对粘结剂没有特别限制，例如可以选自聚偏氟乙烯、偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯的共聚物、聚酰胺、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸盐、聚乙烯呲咯烷酮、聚乙烯醚、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚四氟乙烯和聚六氟丙烯中的一种或几种的组合。聚合物层中包含聚合物，聚合物的材料包括聚酰胺、聚丙烯腈、丙烯酸酯聚合物、聚丙烯酸、聚丙烯酸盐、聚乙烯呲咯烷酮、聚乙烯醚、聚偏氟乙烯或聚(偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯)中的至少一种。
在本申请的一个实施例中，电化学装置包含两个电化学单体，如图2a和图2b所示的第一电化学单体1A和第二电化学单体1B。该电化学装置的制作方法如下，其中，各种的试验及评价按照下述的方法进行，另外，只要无特别说明，“份”、“％”为重量基准。
制备例1：负极极片的制备
将负极活性材料石墨、导电炭黑、丁苯橡胶按照质量比96：1.5：2.5进行混合，加入去离子水作为溶剂，调配成为固含量为70％的浆料，搅拌均匀。将浆料均匀涂覆在厚度为10μm的铜箔的一个表面上，110℃条件下烘干，得到涂层厚度为150μm层厚的单面涂覆负极活性材料层的负极极片，然后在该负极极片的另一个表面上重复以上涂覆步骤。
制备例2：正极极片的制备
将正极活性材料LiCoO 2、导电炭黑、PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯)按照质量比97.5：1.0：1.5进行混合，加入NMP作为溶剂，调配成为固含量为75％的浆料，搅拌均匀。将浆料均匀涂覆在厚度为12μm，的铝箔的一个表面上，90℃条件下烘干，得到涂层厚度为100μm的单面涂覆正极活性材料层的正极极片。然后在该正极极片的另一个表面上重复以上步骤。
制备例3：电解液的制备
在干燥氩气气氛中，首先将有机溶剂EC(碳酸乙烯酯)、EMC(碳酸甲乙酯)和DEC(碳酸二乙酯)以质量比EC：EMC：DEC＝30：50：20混合，然后向有机溶剂中加入LiPF 6(六氟磷酸锂)溶解并混合均匀，得到锂盐浓度为1.15M的电解液。
制备例4：卷绕式电极组件的制备
将双面涂覆的负极极片、第一隔膜、双面涂覆的正极极片、第二隔膜依次层叠，然后卷绕成圆柱状，并引出正极极耳和负极极耳，第一隔膜置于最外侧。其中，第一隔膜和第二隔膜选用厚度15μm的聚乙烯(PE)膜，负极极片通过制备例1制得，正极极片通过制备例2制得。制得卷绕式的第一电极组件12A。
将双面涂覆的负极极片、第一隔膜、双面涂覆的正极极片、第二隔膜依次层叠，然后卷绕成圆筒状，并引出正极极耳和负极极耳，第二隔膜置于最外侧，其中第一隔膜和第二隔膜选用厚度15μm的聚乙烯(PE)膜，负极极片通过制备例1制得，正极极片通过制备例2制得。制得具有通孔的卷绕式的第二电极组件12B。
制备例5：第一电化学单体1A的制备
将一厚度为60μm的冲坑成型的封装膜置于组装夹具内，并使坑面朝上；之后，将根据制备例4制得的第一电极组件12A置于坑内；之后，将另一厚度为60μm的冲坑成型的封装膜覆盖于卷绕式电极组件A之上，并使坑面朝下；之后，引出正极极耳和负极极耳，采用热压方式将两个封装膜热封，形成一端开口的收容空间；之后，将根据制备例3制得的电解液从开口注入收容空间内；最后，采用热压方式将开口密封，得到第一电化学单体1A。
制备例6：第二电化学单体1B的制备及与第一电化学单体1A的串联组装
将一厚度为60μm的冲坑成型的封装膜置于组装夹具内，并使坑面朝上；之后，将第一电化学单体1A套装于卷绕成圆筒状的第二电极组件12B的通孔内，并使第一电极组件12A的正极极耳与第二电极组件12B的负极极耳相靠近设置；之后，将上述组装件置于坑内，将另一厚度为60μm的冲坑成型的封装膜覆盖于第二电极组件12B之上，并使坑面朝下；之后，引出第二电极组件12B的正极极耳和负极极耳，采用热压方式将上下两个封装膜与第一电化学单体1A的封装壳热封，形成一端开口的环形收容空间；之后，将根据制备例3制得的电解液从开口注入收容空间内；之后，采用热压方式将开口密封，得到电化学单体1B。
将从第一电池单体1A的封装壳内引出的正极极耳与从第二电池单体1B的封装壳内引出的负极极耳焊接，从而将两个电池单体串联，得到电化学装置。
本申请实施例还提供一种电子装置，包括前述任一实施例的电化学装置。电子装置的具体产品类型包括但不限于移动终端、电动工具、电动汽车、移动电源等。由于电化学装置在大功率放电时的产热量较小，放电安全性更高，因此，电子装置使用的安全性也较高。
以上仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均包含在本申请的保护范围内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电化学装置，包括：
    第一电化学单体，包括第一封装壳、位于所述第一封装壳内的第一电极组件，以及填充于所述第一封装壳内的第一电解液；及
    第二电化学单体，与所述第一电化学单体串联，包括位于所述第一封装壳之外并与所述第一封装壳连接的第二封装壳、位于所述第二封装壳内的第二电极组件，以及填充于所述第二封装壳内的第二电解液，其中，所述第二电化学单体具有通孔，所述第一电化学单体位于所述通孔内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第一封装壳包括第一环形侧壁及连接所述第一环形侧壁两端的第一端壁和第二端壁，所述第一环形侧壁、所述第一端壁及所述第二端壁密封形成第一收容空间，所述第一电极组件位于所述第一收容空间内，所述第一电解液填充于所述第一收容空间内；
    所述第二封装壳包括环绕所述第一环形侧壁的第二环形侧壁，及连接所述第一环形侧壁与所述第二环形侧壁的第三端壁和第四端壁，所述第一环形侧壁、所述第二环形侧壁、所述第三端壁及所述第四端壁密封形成第二收容空间，所述第二电极组件位于所述第二收容空间内，所述第二电解液填充于所述第二收容空间内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第一电化学单体和所述第二电化学单体的标称电压相同并且额定容量相同；
    所述第一环形侧壁和所述第二环形侧壁的截面分别呈圆环状，所述第一环形侧壁的内径d1、所述第一环形侧壁的外径D1和所述第二环形侧壁的内径d2，满足：d1 2＝d2 2-D1 2。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第一封装壳包括第一环形侧壁、环绕所述第一环形侧壁的第三环形侧壁，及连接所述第一环形侧壁与所述第三环形侧壁两端的第一端壁和第二端壁，所述第一环形侧壁、所述第一端壁及所述第二端壁密封形成第一收容空间，所述第一电极组件位于所述第一收容空间内，所述第一电解液填充于 所述第一收容空间内；
    所述第二封装壳包括环绕所述第三环形侧壁的第二环形侧壁，及连接所述第三环形侧壁与所述第二环形侧壁的第三端壁及第四端壁，所述第三环形侧壁、所述第二环形侧壁、所述第三端壁及所述第四端壁密封形成第二收容空间，所述第二电极组件位于所述第二收容空间内，所述第二电解液填充于所述第二收容空间内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第一电化学单体和所述第二电化学单体的标称电压相同并且额定容量相同；
    所述第一环形侧壁、所述第三环形侧壁和所述第二环形侧壁的截面分别呈圆环状，所述第一环形侧壁的内径d1、所述第三环形侧壁的外径D3和所述第二环形侧壁的内径d2，满足：d1 2＝d2 2-D3 2。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第一环形侧壁与所述第三环形侧壁之间的间隙c满足：0≤c≤0.02mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第一封装壳包括第一环形侧壁，及连接所述第一环形侧壁两端的第一端壁与第二端壁，所述第一环形侧壁、所述第一端壁及所述第二端壁密封形成第一收容空间，所述第一电极组件位于所述第一收容空间内，所述第一电解液填充于所述第一收容空间内；
    所述第二封装壳包括环绕所述第一环形侧壁的第二环形侧壁及环绕所述第二环形侧壁的第三环形侧壁，及连接所述第二环形侧壁与所述第三环形侧壁的第三端壁及第四端壁，所述第二环形侧壁、所述第三环形侧壁、所述第三端壁及所述第四端壁密封形成第二收容空间，所述第二电极组件位于所述第二收容空间内，所述第二电解液填充于所述第二收容空间内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第一电化学单体和所述第二电化学单体的标称电压相同并且额定容量相同；
    所述第一环形侧壁、所述第三环形侧壁和所述第二环形侧壁的截面分别 呈圆环状，所述第一环形侧壁的内径d1、所述第二环形侧壁的外径D2和所述第三环形侧壁的内径d3，满足：d1 2＝d3 2-D2 2。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第一环形侧壁与所述第二环形侧壁之间的间隙c满足：0≤c≤0.05mm。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电化学装置，其中，所述第一封装壳的材料包括铝塑复合膜或高分子复合膜，所述第二封装壳的材料包括铝塑复合膜或高分子复合膜。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第一电极组件和所述第二电极组件分别为卷绕式电极组件；
    所述第一电极组件包括伸出所述第一封装壳的第一正极极耳和第一负极极耳，所述第二电极组件包括伸出所述第二封装壳的第二正极极耳和第二负极极耳，其中，所述第一正极极耳和所述第二负极极耳焊接或通过导线连接；或者，所述第一负极极耳和所述第二正极极耳焊接或通过导线连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电化学装置，其中，
    所述第一正极极耳和所述第一负极极耳位于所述第一电极组件的不同端，所述第二正极极耳和所述第二负极极耳位于所述第二电极组件的不同端，且所述第一正极极耳与所述第二负极极耳相邻，所述第一负极极耳与所述第二正极极耳相邻；或者
    所述第一正极极耳和所述第一负极极耳位于所述第一电极组件的同一端，所述第二正极极耳和所述第二负极极耳位于所述第二电极组件的与所述第一正极极耳和所述第一负极极耳相邻的一端。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的电化学装置，还包括：封装所述第一电化学单体和所述第二电化学单体的第三封装壳；
    当所述第一正极极耳和所述第二负极极耳焊接或通过导线连接时，所述第二正极极耳和所述第一负极极耳伸出所述第三封装壳，或者，所述第二正极极耳的一侧表面和所述第一负极极耳的一侧表面暴露于所述第三封装壳上对应开设的暴露口内；
    当所述第一负极极耳和所述第二正极极耳焊接或通过导线连接时，所述 第一正极极耳和所述第二负极极耳伸出所述第三封装壳，或者，所述第一正极极耳的一侧表面和所述第二负极极耳的一侧表面暴露于所述第三封装壳上对应开设的暴露口内。
  14. 一种电子装置，包括根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的电化学装置。
PCT/CN2020/113225 2020-09-03 2020-09-03 电化学装置及电子装置 Ceased WO2022047697A1 (zh)

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