WO2022045863A1

WO2022045863A1 - Wireless power transmission apparatus and wireless power reception apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2022045863A1
Application number: PCT/KR2021/011682
Authority: WO
Inventors: 최진구; 윤진호; 박용철; 이민수; 육경환
Original assignee: 엘지전자 주식회사
Priority date: 2020-08-31
Filing date: 2021-08-31
Publication date: 2022-03-03

Abstract

A wireless power transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present specification: performs a ping step of transmitting a digital ping to a wireless power reception apparatus; performs a configuration step of receiving, from the wireless power reception apparatus, a configuration packet including configuration information of the wireless power reception apparatus; performs a power transmission step of transmitting wireless power; receives, from the wireless power reception apparatus in the power transmission step, a first data packet accompanied by a timing constraint; and transmits a second data packet to the wireless power reception apparatus on the basis of the timing constraint.

Description

Wireless power transmitter and wireless power receiver

The present specification relates to a wireless power transmitter for transmitting wireless power to a wireless power receiver, a wireless power receiver for receiving wireless power from the wireless power transmitter, and the like.

The wireless power transmission technology is a technology for wirelessly transferring power between a power source and an electronic device. As an example, the wireless power transfer technology enables charging of the battery of a wireless terminal by simply placing a wireless terminal such as a smartphone or tablet on a wireless charging pad, so that it is more efficient than a wired charging environment using a conventional wired charging connector. It can provide excellent mobility, convenience and safety. In addition to wireless charging of wireless terminals, wireless power transmission technology is used in various fields such as electric vehicles, wearable devices such as Bluetooth earphones and 3D glasses, home appliances, furniture, underground facilities, buildings, medical devices, robots, and leisure. It is attracting attention as it will replace the existing wired power transmission environment.

The wireless power transmission method is also referred to as a contactless power transmission method, a no point of contact power transmission method, or a wireless charging method. A wireless power transmission system includes a wireless power transmission device for supplying electrical energy in a wireless power transmission method, and wireless power reception for receiving electrical energy wirelessly supplied from the wireless power transmission device and supplying power to a power receiving device such as a battery cell. It may consist of devices.

Wireless power transmission technology includes a method of transmitting power through magnetic coupling, a method of transmitting power through radio frequency (RF), a method of transmitting power through microwaves, and ultrasound There are various ways to transmit power through The magnetic coupling-based method is again classified into a magnetic induction method and a magnetic resonance method. The magnetic induction method is a method of transmitting energy using a current induced in the receiving coil due to the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil battery cell according to electromagnetic coupling between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil. The magnetic resonance method is similar to the magnetic induction method in that it uses a magnetic field. However, in the magnetic resonance method, resonance occurs when a specific resonant frequency is applied to the coil of the transmitting side and the coil of the receiving side. It is different from magnetic induction.

An object of the present specification is to provide a protocol related to a data packet accompanied by a timing constraint between a wireless power receiver and a wireless power transmitter.

The technical problems of the present specification are not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

A wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment of the present specification for solving the above problem performs a ping step of transmitting a digital ping to the wireless power receiver, and configuration information of the wireless power receiver from the wireless power receiver performing a configuration step of receiving a configuration packet including and transmits a second data packet to the wireless power receiver based on the timing constraint.

The wireless power receiver according to an embodiment of the present specification for solving the above problem performs a ping step of receiving a digital ping from the wireless power transmitter, and uses the wireless power transmitter configuration information of the wireless power receiver performing a configuration step of transmitting a configuration packet including and transmits a second data packet to the wireless power transmitter based on the timing constraint.

The wireless power receiver according to an embodiment of the present specification for solving the above problem performs a ping step of receiving a digital ping from the wireless power transmitter, and uses the wireless power transmitter configuration information of the wireless power receiver performing a configuration step of transmitting a configuration packet including Transmits to the device, and receives a second data packet from the wireless power transmitter based on the timing constraint.

Other specific details of this specification are included in the detailed description and drawings.

It is possible to effectively transmit/receive high-citility data packets and low-civility data packets according to timing constraints.

The effect according to the present invention is not limited by the contents exemplified above, and more various effects are included in the present specification.

1 is a block diagram of a wireless power system 10 according to an embodiment.

2 is a block diagram of a wireless power system 10 according to another embodiment.

3A illustrates an embodiment of various electronic devices to which a wireless power transmission system is introduced.

3B shows an example of WPC NDEF in a wireless power transmission system.

4A is a block diagram of a wireless power transmission system according to another embodiment.

4B is a diagram illustrating an example of a Bluetooth communication architecture to which an embodiment according to the present specification can be applied.

4C is a block diagram illustrating a wireless power transmission system using BLE communication according to an example.

4D is a block diagram illustrating a wireless power transmission system using BLE communication according to another example.

5 is a state transition diagram for explaining a wireless power transmission procedure.

6 illustrates a power control control method according to an embodiment.

7 is a block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly according to another embodiment.

8 shows an apparatus for receiving wireless power according to another embodiment.

9 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a protocol of a ping step according to an embodiment.

10 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a protocol of a configuration step according to an embodiment.

11 is a diagram illustrating a message field of a configuration packet (CFG) of a wireless power receiver according to an embodiment.

12 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a protocol of a negotiation phase or a renegotiation phase according to an embodiment.

13 is a diagram illustrating a message field of a capability packet (CAP) of a wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment.

14 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a protocol for determining a communication mode to be used in a negotiation phase or a renegotiation phase according to an embodiment.

15 illustrates a hierarchical architecture for transmitting/receiving an application-level message between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver according to an example.

16 illustrates a data transmission stream between the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver according to an example.

17 is a diagram illustrating a format of a message field of an ADC data packet according to an embodiment.

18 is a diagram illustrating a format of a message field of an ADT data packet according to an embodiment.

19 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state diagram of a power transmission step according to an embodiment.

20 is a diagram for explaining a method of transmitting a Qi data packet.

21 is a diagram illustrating a structure according to an example of a citizenship data packet transmitted using BLE communication.

22 is a diagram illustrating a structure of BLE data according to another example of a citizenship data packet transmitted using BLE communication.

23 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method in which a plurality of wireless power receivers and one wireless power transmitter transmit/receive citizenship data packets using BLE communication.

24 is a flowchart for explaining a method according to an example in which the wireless power transmitter provides an alert to the wireless power receiver.

In this specification, “A or B (A or B)” may mean “only A”, “only B” or “both A and B”. In other words, in the present specification, “A or B (A or B)” may be interpreted as “A and/or B (A and/or B)”. For example, “A, B or C(A, B or C)” herein means “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “any and any combination of A, B and C ( any combination of A, B and C)”.

A slash (/) or a comma (comma) used herein may mean “and/or”. For example, “A/B” may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. For example, “A, B, C” may mean “A, B, or C”.

As used herein, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”, “only B” or “both A and B”. In addition, in this specification, the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” means “at least one It can be interpreted the same as “at least one of A and B”.

Also, as used herein, “at least one of A, B and C” means “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “A, B and C” Any combination of A, B and C”. Also, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and/or C” means may mean “at least one of A, B and C”.

In addition, parentheses used herein may mean “for example”. Specifically, when displayed as “control information (PDCCH)”, “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of “control information”. In other words, “control information” of the present specification is not limited to “PDCCH”, and “PDDCH” may be proposed as an example of “control information”. Also, even when displayed as “control information (ie, PDCCH)”, “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of “control information”.

In this specification, technical features that are individually described within one drawing may be implemented individually or simultaneously. As used hereinafter, the term "wireless power" refers to any form of electric field, magnetic field, electromagnetic field, etc. transmitted from a wireless power transmitter to a wireless power receiver without the use of physical electromagnetic conductors. It is used to mean the energy of Wireless power may also be called a wireless power signal, and may refer to an oscillating magnetic flux enclosed by a primary coil and a secondary coil. Power conversion in a system is described herein for wirelessly charging devices including, for example, mobile phones, cordless phones, iPods, MP3 players, headsets, and the like. In general, a basic principle of wireless power transmission is, for example, a method of transmitting power through magnetic coupling, a method of transmitting power through a radio frequency (RF), and a microwave (microwave) method. ) includes both a method of transmitting power through an ultrasonic wave and a method of transmitting power through ultrasound.

1 is a block diagram of a wireless power system 10 according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a wireless power system 10 includes a wireless power transmitter 100 and a wireless power receiver 200 .

The wireless power transmitter 100 receives power from an external power source S to generate a magnetic field. The wireless power receiving apparatus 200 receives power wirelessly by generating a current using the generated magnetic field.

Also, in the wireless power system 10 , the wireless power transmitter 100 and the wireless power receiver 200 may transmit/receive various information required for wireless power transmission. Here, the communication between the wireless power transmitter 100 and the wireless power receiver 200 is in-band communication using a magnetic field used for wireless power transmission or out-band communication using a separate communication carrier. (out-band communication) may be performed according to any one method. Out-band communication may be referred to as out-of-band communication. Hereinafter, terms will be unified as out-band communication. Examples of out-band communication may include NFC, Bluetooth (bluetooth), BLE (bluetooth low energy), and the like.

Here, the wireless power transmitter 100 may be provided as a fixed type or a mobile type. Examples of fixed types include embedded in furniture such as ceilings, walls, tables, etc., installed in outdoor parking lots, bus stops, subway stations, etc. There is this. The portable wireless power transmission device 100 may be implemented as a portable device having a movable weight or size, or as a part of another device, such as a cover of a notebook computer.

In addition, the wireless power receiver 200 should be interpreted as a comprehensive concept including various electronic devices including batteries and various home appliances that are driven by receiving power wirelessly instead of a power cable. Representative examples of the wireless power receiver 200 include a mobile terminal, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), and a portable media player (PMP: Portable Media Player), Wibro terminals, tablets, phablets, notebooks, digital cameras, navigation terminals, televisions, electric vehicles (EVs), and the like.

Referring to FIG. 2 , there may be one or a plurality of wireless power receiving apparatuses 200 in the wireless power system 10 . In FIG. 1 , the wireless power transmitter 100 and the wireless power receiver 200 exchange power on a one-to-one basis, but as shown in FIG. 2 , one wireless power transmitter 100 includes a plurality of wireless power receivers. It is also possible to transfer power to (200-1, 200-2,..., 200-M). In particular, when wireless power transmission is performed in a magnetic resonance method, one wireless power transmission device 100 applies a simultaneous transmission method or a time division transmission method to simultaneously multiple wireless power reception devices 200-1, 200-2, ...,200-M) can deliver power.

In addition, although FIG. 1 shows a state in which the wireless power transmitter 100 directly transmits power to the wireless power receiver 200 , the wireless power transmitter 100 and the wireless power receiver 200 are connected wirelessly. A separate wireless power transmission/reception device such as a relay or repeater for increasing the power transmission distance may be provided. In this case, power may be transmitted from the wireless power transmitter 100 to the wireless power transceiver, and the wireless power transceiver may again transmit power to the wireless power receiver 200 .

Hereinafter, the wireless power receiver, the power receiver, and the receiver referred to in this specification refer to the wireless power receiving apparatus 200 . Also, the wireless power transmitter, the power transmitter, and the transmitter referred to in this specification refer to the wireless power receiving and transmitting apparatus 100 .

FIG. 3A shows electronic devices classified according to the amount of power transmitted and received in the wireless power transmission system. Referring to FIG. 3A , wearable devices such as a smart watch, a smart glass, a head mounted display (HMD), and a smart ring and an earphone, a remote control, a smart phone, a PDA, a tablet A low-power (about 5W or less or about 20W or less) wireless charging method may be applied to mobile electronic devices (or portable electronic devices) such as a PC.

A medium-power (about 50W or less or about 200W or less) wireless charging method can be applied to small and medium-sized home appliances such as laptop computers, robot cleaners, TVs, sound devices, vacuum cleaners, and monitors. Kitchen appliances such as blenders, microwave ovens, and electric rice cookers, personal mobility devices (or electronic devices/mobilities) such as wheelchairs, electric kickboards, electric bicycles, and electric vehicles, use high power (about 2 kW or less or 22 kW or less) A wireless charging method may be applied.

The electronic devices/mobile means described above (or shown in FIG. 1 ) may each include a wireless power receiver to be described later. Accordingly, the above-described electronic devices/mobile means may be charged by wirelessly receiving power from the wireless power transmitter.

Hereinafter, the description will be focused on a mobile device to which the power wireless charging method is applied, but this is only an embodiment, and the wireless charging method according to the present specification may be applied to the various electronic devices described above.

Standards for wireless power transmission include a wireless power consortium (WPC), an air fuel alliance (AFA), and a power matters alliance (PMA).

The WPC standard defines a baseline power profile (BPP) and an extended power profile (EPP). BPP relates to a wireless power transmitter and receiver supporting 5W power transmission, and EPP relates to a wireless power transmitter and receiver supporting power transmission in a range greater than 5W and less than 30W.

Various wireless power transmitters and receivers using different power levels are covered by each standard and may be classified into different power classes or categories.

For example, the WPC classifies a wireless power transmitter and a receiver into power class (PC) -1, PC0, PC1, and PC2, and provides standard documents for each PC. The PC-1 standard relates to a wireless power transmitter and receiver that provide guaranteed power of less than 5W. Applications of PC-1 include wearable devices such as smart watches.

The PC0 standard relates to a wireless power transmitter and receiver that provide a guaranteed power of 5W. The PC0 standard includes EPP with guaranteed power up to 30W. Although in-band (IB) communication is a mandatory communication protocol of PC0, out-band (OB) communication used as an optional backup channel may also be used. The wireless power receiver can identify whether OB is supported by setting an OB flag in a configuration packet. The wireless power transmitter supporting the OB may enter the OB handover phase by transmitting a bit-pattern for OB handover as a response to the configuration packet. The response to the configuration packet may be NAK, ND, or a newly defined 8-bit pattern. Applications of PC0 include smartphones.

The PC1 standard relates to a wireless power transmitter and receiver that provide guaranteed power of 30W to 150W. The OB is an essential communication channel for PC1, and the IB is used for initialization and link establishment to the OB. As a response to the configuration packet, the wireless power transmitter may enter the OB handover phase by using a bit pattern for OB handover. Applications of PC1 include laptops and power tools.

The PC2 standard relates to a wireless power transmitter and receiver that provide guaranteed power of 200W to 2kW, and its applications include kitchen appliances.

As such, PCs may be distinguished according to the power level, and whether to support the same compatibility between PCs may be optional or mandatory. Here, compatibility between identical PCs means that power transmission and reception are possible between identical PCs. For example, when the wireless power transmitter of PC x can charge the wireless power receiver having the same PC x, it can be seen that compatibility between the same PCs is maintained. Similarly, compatibility between different PCs may be supported. Here, compatibility between different PCs means that power transmission/reception is possible even between different PCs. For example, when the wireless power transmitter having PC x can charge the wireless power receiver having PC y, it can be seen that compatibility between different PCs is maintained.

Support for compatibility between PCs is a very important issue in terms of user experience and infrastructure construction. However, technically, there are several problems as follows in maintaining compatibility between PCs.

In the case of compatibility between the same PCs, for example, a wireless power receiver of the lap-top charging method that can stably charge only when power is continuously transmitted is called a wireless power transmitter of the same PC. Even so, there may be a problem in stably receiving power from the wireless power transmitter of the electric tool type that transmits power discontinuously. In addition, in the case of compatibility between different PCs, for example, when a wireless power transmitter with a minimum guaranteed power of 200W transmits power to a wireless power receiver with a maximum guaranteed power of 5W, the wireless power receiver may There is a risk of breakage. As a result, it is difficult for a PC to be an index/standard representing/indicating compatibility.

Wireless power transmission and reception devices can provide a very convenient user experience and interface (UX/UI). That is, a smart wireless charging service may be provided. The smart wireless charging service may be implemented based on the UX/UI of a smartphone including a wireless power transmitter. For this application, the interface between the smartphone's processor and the wireless charging receiver allows "drop and play" bidirectional communication between the wireless power transmitter and the receiver.

Hereinafter, a 'profile' will be newly defined as an indicator/standard representing/indicating compatibility. That is, it can be interpreted that compatibility is maintained between wireless power transceivers having the same 'profile' so that stable power transmission and reception is possible, and power transmission and reception is impossible between wireless power transceivers having different 'profiles'. Profiles may be defined according to application and/or compatibility independent of (or independently of) power class.

The profile can be broadly divided into three categories: i) mobile and computing, ii) power tools, and iii) kitchen.

Alternatively, the profile can be largely divided into i) mobile, ii) electric tool, iii) kitchen, and iv) wearable.

In the case of the 'mobile' profile, PC can be defined as PC0 and/or PC1, communication protocol/method is IB and OB, and operating frequency is 87~205kHz, and examples of applications include smartphones, laptops, etc. can

In the case of the 'electric tool' profile, the PC may be defined as PC1, the communication protocol/method may be IB, and the operating frequency may be defined as 87 to 145 kHz, and an electric tool may exist as an example of the application.

In the case of the 'kitchen' profile, the PC may be defined as PC2, the communication protocol/method is NFC-based, and the operating frequency is less than 100 kHz, and examples of the application may include kitchen/home appliances.

For power tools and kitchen profiles, NFC communication can be used between the wireless power transmitter and the receiver. By exchanging WPC NDEF (NFC Data Exchange Profile Format), the wireless power transmitter and the receiver can confirm that they are NFC devices.

3B shows an example of WPC NDEF in a wireless power transmission system.

Referring to FIG. 3B , the WPC NDEF is, for example, an application profile field (eg 1B), a version field (eg 1B), and profile specific data (eg 1B). may include. The application profile field indicates whether the device is i) mobile and computing, ii) powered tools, and iii) kitchen, the upper nibble of the version field indicates the major version and the lower nibble (lower nibble) indicates a minor version. Profile-specific data also defines the content for the kitchen.

In the case of the 'wearable' profile, the PC may be defined as PC-1, the communication protocol/method may be IB, and the operating frequency may be defined as 87 to 205 kHz, and examples of the application may include a wearable device worn on the user's body.

Maintaining compatibility between the same profiles may be essential, and maintaining compatibility between different profiles may be optional.

The above-described profiles (mobile profile, electric tool profile, kitchen profile, and wearable profile) may be generalized and expressed as first to nth profiles, and new profiles may be added/replaced according to WPC standards and embodiments.

When the profile is defined in this way, the wireless power transmitter selectively transmits power only to the wireless power receiver having the same profile as itself, thereby enabling more stable power transmission. In addition, since the burden on the wireless power transmitter is reduced and power transmission to an incompatible wireless power receiver is not attempted, the risk of damage to the wireless power receiver is reduced.

PC1 in the 'mobile' profile can be defined by borrowing optional extensions such as OB based on PC0, and in the case of the 'powered tools' profile, the PC1 'mobile' profile can be defined simply as a modified version. In addition, although it has been defined for the purpose of maintaining compatibility between the same profiles up to now, technology may be developed in the direction of maintaining compatibility between different profiles in the future. The wireless power transmitter or the wireless power receiver may inform the counterpart of its profile through various methods.

The AFA standard refers to the wireless power transmitter as a power transmitting circuit (PTU), and the wireless power receiver as a power receiving circuit (PRU), and the PTU is classified into a number of classes as shown in Table 1, and the PRU is as shown in Table 2 classified into a number of categories.

PTUPTU	P_{TX_IN_MAX} P _{TX_IN_MAX}	최소 카테고리 지원 요구사항Minimum Category Support Requirements	지원되는 최대 기기 개수를 위한 최소값Minimum value for maximum number of supported devices

Class 1Class 1	2W 2W		1x 카테고리 11x Category 1	1x 카테고리 1 1x Category 1
Class 2 Class 2	10W 10W		1x 카테고리 31x Category 3	2x 카테고리 2 2x Category 2
Class 3 Class 3	16W 16W		1x 카테고리 41x Category 4	2x 카테고리 3 2x Category 3
Class 4 Class 4	33W33W	1x 카테고리 51x Category 5	3x 카테고리 3 3x Category 3
Class 5Class 5	50W 50W		1x 카테고리 61x Category 6	4x 카테고리 3 4x Category 3
Class 6 Class 6	70W70W	1x 카테고리 71x Category 7	5x 카테고리 3 5x Category 3

PRUPRU	P_{RX_OUT_MAX'} P _{RX_OUT_MAX'}	예시 어플리케이션 Example application

Category 1Category 1	TBDTBD	블루투스 헤드셋 Bluetooth headset

Category 2Category 2	3.5W3.5W	피쳐폰 feature phone

Category 3Category 3	6.5W6.5W	스마트폰Smartphone

Category 4Category 4	13W13W	태블릿, 패플릿tablet, leaflet
Category 5Category 5	25W25W	작은 폼팩터 랩탑small form factor laptop

Category 6Category 6	37.5W37.5W	일반 랩탑regular laptop
Category 7Category 7	50W50W	가전Home Appliances

As shown in Table 1, the maximum output power capability of the class n PTU is greater than or equal to the P _{TX_IN_MAX} value of the corresponding class. The PRU cannot draw power greater than the power specified in that category.

Referring to FIG. 4A , the wireless power transmission system 10 includes a mobile device 450 wirelessly receiving power and a base station 400 wirelessly transmitting power.

The base station 400 is a device that provides inductive power or resonant power, and may include at least one wireless power transmitter 100 and a system circuit 405 . The wireless power transmitter 100 may transmit inductive power or resonant power and control the transmission. The wireless power transmitter 100 transmits power to an appropriate level and a power conversion circuit 110 that converts electrical energy into a power signal by generating a magnetic field through a primary coil(s) A communication/control circuit 120 for controlling communication and power transfer with the wireless power receiver 200 may be included. The system circuit 405 may perform input power provisioning, control of a plurality of wireless power transmitters, and other operation control of the base station 400 such as user interface control.

The primary coil may generate an electromagnetic field using AC power (or voltage or current). The primary coil may receive AC power (or voltage or current) of a specific frequency output from the power conversion circuit 110 and may generate a magnetic field of a specific frequency accordingly. The magnetic field may be generated non-radiatively or radially, and the wireless power receiver 200 receives it and generates a current. In other words, the primary coil transmits power wirelessly.

In the magnetic induction method, the primary coil and the secondary coil may have any suitable shape, for example, a copper wire wound around a high permeability formation such as ferrite or amorphous metal. The primary coil may be referred to as a transmitting coil, a primary core, a primary winding, a primary loop antenna, or the like. On the other hand, the secondary coil may be called a receiving coil, a secondary core, a secondary winding, a secondary loop antenna, a pickup antenna, etc. .

When the magnetic resonance method is used, the primary coil and the secondary coil may be provided in the form of a primary resonance antenna and a secondary resonance antenna, respectively. The resonant antenna may have a resonant structure including a coil and a capacitor. At this time, the resonant frequency of the resonant antenna is determined by the inductance of the coil and the capacitance of the capacitor. Here, the coil may be formed in the form of a loop. In addition, a core may be disposed inside the loop. The core may include a physical core such as a ferrite core or an air core.

Energy transfer between the primary resonance antenna and the secondary resonance antenna may be achieved through a resonance phenomenon of a magnetic field. The resonance phenomenon refers to a phenomenon in which, when a near field corresponding to a resonant frequency is generated in one resonant antenna, when other resonant antennas are located around, both resonant antennas are coupled to each other and high efficiency energy transfer occurs between the resonant antennas. . When a magnetic field corresponding to the resonant frequency is generated between the primary resonant antenna and the secondary resonant antenna, a phenomenon occurs in which the primary resonant antenna and the secondary resonant antenna resonate with each other. The magnetic field is focused toward the secondary resonant antenna with higher efficiency compared to the case where the magnetic field is radiated into free space, and thus energy can be transferred from the primary resonant antenna to the secondary resonant antenna with high efficiency. The magnetic induction method may be implemented similarly to the magnetic resonance method, but in this case, the frequency of the magnetic field does not need to be the resonant frequency. Instead, in the magnetic induction method, matching between the loops constituting the primary coil and the secondary coil is required, and the distance between the loops must be very close.

Although not shown in the drawings, the wireless power transmitter 100 may further include a communication antenna. The communication antenna may transmit and receive communication signals using a communication carrier other than magnetic field communication. For example, the communication antenna may transmit and receive communication signals such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Bluetooth LE, ZigBee, and NFC.

The communication/control circuit 120 may transmit/receive information to and from the wireless power receiver 200 . The communication/control circuit 120 may include at least one of an IB communication module and an OB communication module.

The IB communication module may transmit/receive information using a magnetic wave having a specific frequency as a center frequency. For example, the communication/control circuit 120 performs in-band communication by loading communication information on the operating frequency of wireless power transmission and transmitting it through the primary coil or by receiving the operating frequency containing the information through the primary coil. can do. At this time, modulation schemes such as binary phase shift keying (BPSK), frequency shift keying (FSK) or amplitude shift keying (ASK) and Manchester coding or non-zero return level (NZR) -L: Non-return-to-zero level) It is possible to contain information in a magnetic wave or interpret a magnetic wave containing information by using a coding method such as coding. If such IB communication is used, the communication/control circuit 120 may transmit/receive information up to a distance of several meters at a data rate of several kbps.

The OB communication module may perform out-band communication through a communication antenna. For example, the communication/control circuit 120 may be provided as a short-range communication module. Examples of the short-distance communication module include communication modules such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Bluetooth LE, ZigBee, and NFC.

The communication/control circuit 120 may control the overall operation of the wireless power transmitter 100 . The communication/control circuit 120 may perform calculation and processing of various types of information, and may control each component of the wireless power transmission apparatus 100 .

The communication/control circuit 120 may be implemented as a computer or a similar device using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. In terms of hardware, the communication/control circuit 120 may be provided in the form of an electronic circuit that processes electrical signals to perform a control function, and in software, in the form of a program for driving the communication/control circuit 120 in hardware. can be provided.

The communication/control circuit 120 may control the transmit power by controlling an operating point. The operating point to be controlled may correspond to a combination of frequency (or phase), duty cycle, duty ratio, and voltage amplitude. The communication/control circuit 120 may control the transmission power by adjusting at least one of a frequency (or phase), a duty cycle, a duty ratio, and a voltage amplitude. In addition, the wireless power transmitter 100 may supply constant power, and the wireless power receiver 200 may control the received power by controlling the resonance frequency.

The mobile device 450 receives and stores the power received from the wireless power receiver 200 and the wireless power receiver 200 for receiving wireless power through a secondary coil, and stores the device. Includes a load (load, 455) to supply to.

The wireless power receiver 200 may include a power pick-up circuit 210 and a communication/control circuit 220 . The power pickup circuit 210 may receive wireless power through the secondary coil and convert it into electrical energy. The power pickup circuit 210 rectifies the AC signal obtained through the secondary coil and converts it into a DC signal. The communication/control circuit 220 may control transmission and reception of wireless power (power transmission and reception).

The secondary coil may receive wireless power transmitted from the wireless power transmitter 100 . The secondary coil may receive power using a magnetic field generated in the primary coil. Here, when the specific frequency is the resonance frequency, a magnetic resonance phenomenon occurs between the primary coil and the secondary coil, so that power can be transmitted more efficiently.

Although not shown in FIG. 4A , the communication/control circuit 220 may further include a communication antenna. The communication antenna may transmit and receive communication signals using a communication carrier other than magnetic field communication. For example, the communication antenna may transmit and receive communication signals such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Bluetooth LE, ZigBee, and NFC.

The communication/control circuit 220 may transmit/receive information to and from the wireless power transmitter 100 . The communication/control circuit 220 may include at least one of an IB communication module and an OB communication module.

The IB communication module may transmit/receive information using a magnetic wave having a specific frequency as a center frequency. For example, the communication/control circuit 220 may perform IB communication by loading information on a magnetic wave and transmitting it through a secondary coil or by receiving a magnetic wave containing information through a secondary coil. At this time, modulation schemes such as binary phase shift keying (BPSK), frequency shift keying (FSK) or amplitude shift keying (ASK) and Manchester coding or non-zero return level (NZR) -L: Non-return-to-zero level) It is possible to contain information in a magnetic wave or interpret a magnetic wave containing information by using a coding method such as coding. If such IB communication is used, the communication/control circuit 220 may transmit/receive information up to a distance of several meters at a data rate of several kbps.

The OB communication module may perform out-band communication through a communication antenna. For example, the communication/control circuit 220 may be provided as a short-range communication module.

Examples of the short-distance communication module include communication modules such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Bluetooth LE, ZigBee, and NFC.

The communication/control circuit 220 may control the overall operation of the wireless power receiver 200 . The communication/control circuit 220 may perform calculation and processing of various types of information, and may control each component of the wireless power receiver 200 .

The communication/control circuit 220 may be implemented as a computer or a similar device using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. In terms of hardware, the communication/control circuit 220 may be provided in the form of an electronic circuit that processes electrical signals to perform a control function, and in software, in the form of a program that drives the communication/control circuit 220 in hardware. can be provided.

When the communication/control circuit 120 and the communication/control circuit 220 are Bluetooth or Bluetooth LE as an OB communication module or a short-range communication module, the communication/control circuit 120 and the communication/control circuit 220 are respectively shown in FIG. 4b It can be implemented and operated with the same communication architecture as

Referring to FIG. 4B, (a) of FIG. 4B shows an example of a protocol stack of Bluetooth BR (Basic Rate)/EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) supporting GATT, (b) is Bluetooth LE (Low Energy) An example of a protocol stack is shown.

Specifically, as shown in (a) of FIG. 4B, the Bluetooth BR/EDR protocol stack has an upper controller stack (Controller stack, 460) and a lower one based on the host controller interface (HCI, 18). It may include a host stack (Host Stack, 470).

The host stack (or host module) 470 refers to a wireless transceiver module that receives a Bluetooth signal of 2.4 GHz and hardware for transmitting or receiving Bluetooth packets, and the controller stack 460 is connected to the Bluetooth module to configure the Bluetooth module. Control and perform actions.

The host stack 470 may include a BR/EDR PHY layer 12 , a BR/EDR baseband layer 14 , and a link manager layer 16 .

The BR/EDR PHY layer 12 is a layer for transmitting and receiving a 2.4 GHz radio signal. When Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) modulation is used, data can be transmitted by hopping 79 RF channels.

The BR/EDR baseband layer 14 is responsible for transmitting a digital signal, selects a channel sequence hopping 1400 times per second, and transmits a 625us-long time slot for each channel.

The link manager layer 16 controls the overall operation (link setup, control, security) of the Bluetooth connection by using LMP (Link Manager Protocol).

The link manager layer 16 may perform the following functions.

- Perform ACL/SCO logical transport, logical link setup and control.

- Detach: Aborts the connection and informs the other device of the reason for the interruption.

- Power control and role switch.

- Performs security (authentication, pairing, encryption) functions.

The host controller interface layer 18 provides an interface between the host module and the controller module so that the host provides commands and data to the controller, and allows the controller to provide events and data to the host.

The host stack (or host module, 20) includes a logical link control and adaptation protocol (L2CAP, 21), an attribute protocol (Protocol, 22), a generic attribute profile (GATT, 23), a generic access profile (Generic Access) Profile, GAP, 24), and BR/EDR profile (25).

The logical link control and adaptation protocol (L2CAP, 21) may provide one bidirectional channel for data transmission to a specific protocol or profile file.

The L2CAP 21 may multiplex various protocols, profiles, etc. provided by the Bluetooth upper layer.

L2CAP of Bluetooth BR/EDR uses dynamic channels, supports protocol service multiplexer, retransmission, and streaming mode, and provides segmentation and reassembly, per-channel flow control, and error control.

The generic attribute profile GATT 23 may be operable as a protocol that describes how the attribute protocol 22 is used in the configuration of services. For example, the generic attribute profile 23 may be operable to define how ATT attributes are grouped together into services, and may be operable to describe characteristics associated with services.

Thus, the generic attribute profile 23 and the attribute protocol (ATT) 22 can use features to describe the state and services of a device, how they relate to each other and how they are used.

The attribute protocol 22 and the BR/EDR profile 25 define a service (profile) using Bluetooth BR/EDR and an application protocol for sending and receiving these data, and the Generic Access Profile , GAP, 24) define device discovery, connectivity, and security levels.

As shown in (b) of FIG. 4B , the Bluetooth LE protocol stack includes a controller stack 480 operable to process a timing-critical wireless device interface and a host stack operable to process high level data. (Host stack, 490).

First, the controller stack 480 may be implemented using a communication module that may include a Bluetooth radio, for example, a processor module that may include a processing device such as a microprocessor.

The host stack 490 may be implemented as part of an OS running on a processor module, or as an instantiation of a package on the OS.

In some instances, the controller stack and host stack may operate or run on the same processing device within a processor module.

The controller stack 480 includes a physical layer (PHY) 32, a link layer (Link Layer) 34, and a host controller interface (Host Controller Interface, 36).

The physical layer (PHY, radio transmit/receive module, 32) is a layer for transmitting and receiving a 2.4 GHz radio signal, and uses Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) modulation and a frequency hopping technique composed of 40 RF channels.

The link layer 34, which transmits or receives Bluetooth packets, performs advertising and scanning functions using three advertising channels, and then creates a connection between devices, and a maximum of 257 bytes of data packets through 37 data channels. Provides a function to send and receive

The host stack includes Generic Access Profile (GAP, 40), Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP, 41), Security Manager (SM, 42), Attribute Protocol (ATT, 440), and Generic Attribute Profile. (Generic Attribute Profile, GATT, 44), a general access profile (Generic Access Profile, 25), may include the LT profile (46). However, the host stack 490 is not limited thereto and may include various protocols and profiles.

The host stack uses L2CAP to multiplex various protocols and profiles provided by the Bluetooth upper layer.

First, L2CAP (Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol, 41) may provide one bidirectional channel for data transmission to a specific protocol or profile.

The L2CAP 41 may be operable to multiplex data between higher layer protocols, segment and reassemble packages, and manage multicast data transmission.

In Bluetooth LE, 3 fixed channels (1 for signaling CH, 1 for Security Manager, 1 for Attribute protocol) are basically used. And, if necessary, a dynamic channel may be used.

On the other hand, in BR/EDR (Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate), a dynamic channel is basically used, and protocol service multiplexer, retransmission, streaming mode, etc. are supported.

SM (Security Manager, 42) is a protocol for authenticating a device and providing key distribution.

ATT (Attribute Protocol, 43) defines a rule for accessing data of a counterpart device in a server-client structure. ATT has the following 6 message types (Request, Response, Command, Notification, Indication, Confirmation).

① Request and Response message: The Request message is a message for requesting and delivering specific information from the client device to the server device, and the Response message is a response message to the Request message, a message that can be used for transmission from the server device to the client device. say

② Command message: A message transmitted mainly from the client device to the server device to instruct a command for a specific operation. The server device does not transmit a response to the command message to the client device.

③ Notification message: A message sent from the server device to the client device for notification such as an event. The client device does not send a confirmation message for the Notification message to the server device.

④ Indication and Confirm message: A message transmitted from the server device to the client device for notification such as an event. Unlike the Notification message, the client device transmits a confirmation message for the Indication message to the server device.

The present specification transmits a value for the data length when requesting long data in the GATT profile using the attribute protocol (ATT, 43) so that the client can clearly know the data length, and uses the UUID to obtain a characteristic (Characteristic) from the server value can be sent.

The general access profile (GAP, 45) is a newly implemented layer for Bluetooth LE technology, and is used to control role selection and multi-profile operation for communication between Bluetooth LE devices.

In addition, the general access profile 45 is mainly used for device discovery, connection creation, and security procedures, defines a method for providing information to a user, and defines the types of attributes as follows.

① Service: Defines the basic behavior of a device by combining data-related behaviors

② Include: Defines the relationship between services

③ Characteristics: data value used in service

④ Behavior: A computer readable format defined as UUID (Universal Unique Identifier, value type)

The LE profile 46 is mainly applied to Bluetooth LE devices as profiles that depend on GATT. The LE profile 46 may include, for example, Battery, Time, FindMe, Proximity, and Time, and the specific contents of GATT-based Profiles are as follows.

① Battery: How to exchange battery information

② Time: How to exchange time information

③ FindMe: Provides alarm service according to distance

④ Proximity: How to exchange battery information

⑤ Time: How to exchange time information

The generic attribute profile (GATT) 44 may be operable as a protocol describing how the attribute protocol 43 is used in the configuration of services. For example, the generic attribute profile 44 may be operable to define how ATT attributes are grouped together into services, and may be operable to describe characteristics associated with services.

Thus, the generic attribute profile 44 and the attribute protocol (ATT) 43 can use features to describe the state and services of a device, how they relate to each other and how they are used.

Hereinafter, procedures of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology will be briefly described.

The BLE procedure may be divided into a device filtering procedure, an advertising procedure, a scanning procedure, a discovery procedure, a connecting procedure, and the like.

디바이스 필터링 절차(Device Filtering Procedure)Device Filtering Procedure

The device filtering procedure is a method for reducing the number of devices that respond to requests, instructions, and notifications in the controller stack.

When all devices receive a request, it is unnecessary to respond to it, so the controller stack can reduce the number of requests it transmits, so that power consumption can be reduced in the BLE controller stack.

An advertising device or a scanning device may perform the device filtering procedure to restrict devices receiving an advertisement packet, a scan request, or a connection request.

Here, the advertisement device refers to a device that transmits an advertisement event, that is, performs advertisement, and is also expressed as an advertiser.

The scanning device refers to a device that performs scanning and a device that transmits a scan request.

In BLE, when a scanning device receives some advertisement packets from an advertisement device, the scanning device has to send a scan request to the advertisement device.

However, when the device filtering procedure is used and the scan request transmission is unnecessary, the scanning device may ignore advertisement packets transmitted from the advertisement device.

A device filtering procedure may also be used in the connection request process. If device filtering is used in the connection request process, it is not necessary to transmit a response to the connection request by ignoring the connection request.

광고 절차(Advertising Procedure)Advertising Procedure

The advertisement device performs an advertisement procedure to perform non-directional broadcast to devices in the area.

Here, undirected advertising is advertising directed to all (all) devices rather than a broadcast directed to a specific device, and all devices scan advertisements to request additional information or You can make a connection request.

Contrary to this, in the directed advertising, only a device designated as a receiving device scans the advertisement to request additional information or a connection request.

An advertisement procedure is used to establish a Bluetooth connection with a nearby initiating device.

Alternatively, the advertisement procedure may be used to provide periodic broadcast of user data to scanning devices that are listening on the advertisement channel.

In the advertisement procedure, all advertisements (or advertisement events) are broadcast through the advertisement physical channel.

Advertising devices may receive a scan request from listening devices that are listening to obtain additional user data from the advertising device. The advertisement device transmits a response to the scan request to the device that transmitted the scan request through the same advertisement physical channel as the advertisement physical channel on which the scan request is received.

Broadcast user data sent as part of advertisement packets is dynamic data, whereas scan response data is generally static data.

An advertising device may receive a connection request from an initiating device on an advertising (broadcast) physical channel. If the advertisement device uses a connectable advertisement event and the initiating device is not filtered by the device filtering procedure, the advertisement device stops the advertisement and enters a connected mode. The advertising device may start advertising again after the connected mode.

스캐닝 절차(Scanning Procedure)Scanning Procedure

A device performing scanning, that is, a scanning device, performs a scanning procedure to listen to a non-directional broadcast of user data from advertisement devices using an advertisement physical channel.

The scanning device sends a scan request to the advertisement device through an advertisement physical channel to request additional data from the advertisement device. The advertisement device transmits a scan response that is a response to the scan request including additional data requested by the scanning device through the advertisement physical channel.

The scanning procedure may be used while being connected to another BLE device in the BLE piconet.

If the scanning device is in an initiator mode that can receive a broadcast advertisement event and initiate a connection request, the scanning device sends a connection request to the advertisement device through an advertisement physical channel. You can start a Bluetooth connection with

When the scanning device sends a connection request to the advertising device, the scanning device stops scanning initiator mode for additional broadcast, and enters the connected mode.

디스커버링 절차(Discovering Procedure)Discovering Procedure

Devices capable of Bluetooth communication (hereinafter, referred to as 'Bluetooth devices') perform advertisement and scanning procedures to discover nearby devices or to be discovered by other devices within a given area.

The discovery procedure is performed asymmetrically. A Bluetooth device that tries to find other nearby devices is called a discovering device and listens to find devices that advertise a scannable advertisement event. A Bluetooth device discovered and available from other devices is called a discoverable device and actively broadcasts an advertisement event so that other devices can scan it through an advertisement (broadcast) physical channel.

Both the discovering device and the discoverable device may be already connected to other Bluetooth devices in the piconet.

연결 절차(Connecting Procedure)Connecting Procedure

The connection procedure is asymmetric, and the connection procedure requires that a specific Bluetooth device perform a scanning procedure while another Bluetooth device performs an advertisement procedure.

That is, an advertisement procedure may be targeted, as a result of which only one device will respond to the advertisement. After receiving an accessible advertisement event from an advertisement device, a connection may be initiated by sending a connection request to the advertisement device through an advertisement (broadcast) physical channel.

Next, an operation state in the BLE technology, that is, an advertising state, a scanning state, an initiating state, and a connection state will be briefly reviewed.

광고 상태(Advertising State)Advertising State

The link layer (LL) enters the advertisement state by the instruction of the host (stack). When the link layer is in the advertisement state, the link layer sends advertisement packet data circuits (PDUs) in advertisement events.

Each advertisement event consists of at least one advertisement PDU, and the advertisement PDUs are transmitted through used advertisement channel indexes. The advertisement event may be terminated earlier when the advertisement PDU is transmitted through the advertisement channel indexes used, respectively, or when the advertisement device needs to secure a space to perform another function.

스캐닝 상태(Scanning State)Scanning State

The link layer enters the scanning state under the direction of the host (stack). In the scanning state, the link layer listens for advertisement channel indices.

There are two types of scanning states, passive scanning and active scanning, and each scanning type is determined by a host.

A separate time or advertisement channel index for performing scanning is not defined.

During the scanning state, the link layer listens for the advertisement channel index for a scanWindow duration. The scanInterval is defined as the interval (interval) between the starting points of two consecutive scan windows.

The link layer MUST listen for completion of all scan intervals in the scan window as directed by the host, provided there is no scheduling conflict. In each scan window, the link layer must scan a different advertisement channel index. The link layer uses all available advertising channel indices.

In passive scanning, the link layer only receives packets and transmits no packets.

In active scanning, the link layer performs listening depending on the advertisement PDU type, which may request advertisement PDUs and additional information related to the advertisement device from the advertisement device.

개시 상태(Initiating State)Initiating State

The link layer enters the initiation state by the instruction of the host (stack).

When the link layer is in the initiating state, the link layer performs listening for advertisement channel indices.

During the start state, the link layer listens for the advertisement channel index during the scan window period.

연결 상태(connection state)connection state

The link layer enters the connected state when the device making the connection request, that is, the initiating device sends a CONNECT_REQ PDU to the advertising device, or when the advertising device receives a CONNECT_REQ PDU from the initiating device.

After entering the connection state, a connection is considered to be created. However, the connection need not be considered to be established at the time it enters the connected state. The only difference between the newly created connection and the established connection is the link layer connection supervision timeout value.

When two devices are connected, they act in different roles.

The link layer performing the master role is called a master, and the link layer performing the slave role is called a slave. The master controls the timing of the connection event, and the connection event refers to the synchronization point between the master and the slave.

Hereinafter, a packet defined in the Bluetooth interface will be briefly described. BLE devices use packets defined below.

패킷 포맷(Packet Format)Packet Format

The Link Layer has only one packet format used for both advertisement channel packets and data channel packets.

Each packet consists of four fields: a preamble, an access address, a PDU, and a CRC.

When one packet is transmitted in the advertisement channel, the PDU will be the advertisement channel PDU, and when one packet is transmitted in the data channel, the PDU will be the data channel PDU.

광고 채널 PDU(Advertising Channel PDU)Advertising Channel PDU

An advertisement channel PDU (Packet Data Circuit) has a 16-bit header and payloads of various sizes.

The PDU type field of the advertisement channel PDU included in the header indicates the PDU type as defined in Table 3 below.

PDU TypePDU Type	Packet NamePacket Name
00000000	ADV_INDADV_IND
00010001	ADV_DIRECT_INDADV_DIRECT_IND
00100010	ADV_NONCONN_INDADV_NONCONN_IND
00110011	SCAN_REQSCAN_REQ
01000100	SCAN_RSPSCAN_RSP
01010101	CONNECT_REQCONNECT_REQ
01100110	ADV_SCAN_INDADV_SCAN_IND
0111-11110111-1111	ReservedReserved

광고 PDU(Advertising PDU)Advertising PDU

The following advertisement channel PDU types are called advertisement PDUs and are used in specific events.

ADV_IND: Linkable non-directional advertising event

ADV_DIRECT_IND: Linkable Directive Advertising Event

ADV_NONCONN_IND: Non-Linkable Non-Directional Advertising Event

ADV_SCAN_IND: Scannable non-directional advertising event

The PDUs are transmitted in the link layer in the advertisement state and are received by the link layer in the scanning state or initiating state.

스캐닝 PDU(Scanning PDU)Scanning PDU

The following advertisement channel PDU types are called scanning PDUs and are used in the state described below.

SCAN_REQ: Sent by the link layer in the scanning state, and received by the link layer in the advertisement state.

SCAN_RSP: Sent by the link layer in the advertisement state, and received by the link layer in the scanning state.

개시 PDU(Initiating PDU)Initiating PDU

The following advertisement channel PDU types are called initiation PDUs.

CONNECT_REQ: Sent by the link layer in the initiating state, and received by the link layer in the advertising state.

데이터 채널 PDU(Data Channel PDU)Data Channel PDUs

The data channel PDU may have a 16-bit header, payloads of various sizes, and include a Message Integrity Check (MIC) field.

The procedure, state, packet format, etc. in the BLE technology discussed above may be applied to perform the methods proposed in this specification.

Referring back to FIG. 4A , the load 455 may be a battery. The battery may store energy using power output from the power pickup circuit 210 . Meanwhile, the battery is not necessarily included in the mobile device 450 . For example, the battery may be provided as a detachable external configuration. As another example, the wireless power receiving apparatus 200 may include a driving means for driving various operations of the electronic device instead of a battery.

Although the mobile device 450 is shown to include the wireless power receiver 200 and the base station 400 is shown to include the wireless power transmitter 100, in a broad sense, the wireless power receiver ( 200 may be identified with the mobile device 450 , and the wireless power transmitter 100 may be identified with the base station 400 .

When the communication/control circuit 120 and the communication/control circuit 220 include Bluetooth or Bluetooth LE as an OB communication module or short-range communication module in addition to the IB communication module, wireless power transmission including the communication/control circuit 120 The device 100 and the wireless power receiver 200 including the communication/control circuit 220 may be represented by a simplified block diagram as shown in FIG. 4C .

Referring to FIG. 4C , the wireless power transmitter 100 includes a power conversion circuit 110 and a communication/control circuit 120 . The communication/control circuit 120 includes an in-band communication module 121 and a BLE communication module 122 .

Meanwhile, the wireless power receiver 200 includes a power pickup circuit 210 and a communication/control circuit 220 . The communication/control circuit 220 includes an in-band communication module 221 and a BLE communication module 222 .

In one aspect, the BLE communication modules 122 , 222 perform the architecture and operation according to FIG. 4B . For example, the BLE communication modules 122 and 222 may be used to establish a connection between the wireless power transmitter 100 and the wireless power receiver 200, and to exchange control information and packets necessary for wireless power transmission. there is.

In another aspect, the communication/control circuit 120 may be configured to operate a profile for wireless charging. Here, the profile for wireless charging may be GATT using BLE transmission.

Referring to FIG. 4D , the communication/

control circuits

120 and 220 include only the in-

band communication modules

121 and 221, respectively, and the BLE communication modules 122 and 222 include the communication/control circuits 120, 220) and a form separately provided is also possible.

Hereinafter, the coil or the coil unit may be referred to as a coil assembly, a coil cell, or a cell including a coil and at least one element adjacent to the coil.

5, the power transmission from the wireless power transmitter to the receiver according to an embodiment of the present specification is largely a selection phase (selection phase, 510), a ping phase (ping phase, 520), identification and configuration phase (identification) and configuration phase, 530), a negotiation phase (540), a calibration phase (550), a power transfer phase (560), and a renegotiation phase (570). .

The selection step 510 transitions when a specific error or a specific event is detected while initiating or maintaining the power transmission - including, for example, reference numerals S502, S504, S508, S510 and S512. can Here, specific errors and specific events will become clear through the following description. Also, in the selection step 510 , the wireless power transmitter may monitor whether an object is present on the interface surface. If the wireless power transmitter detects that an object is placed on the interface surface, it may transition to the ping step 520 . In the selection step 510, the wireless power transmitter transmits an analog ping signal that is a power signal (or pulse) corresponding to a very short duration, and the current of the transmitting coil or the primary coil Based on the change, it is possible to detect whether an object is present in an active area of the interface surface.

When an object is detected in the selection step 510 , the wireless power transmitter may measure a quality factor of a wireless power resonance circuit (eg, a power transmission coil and/or a resonance capacitor). In an embodiment of the present specification, when an object is detected in the selection step 510 , a quality factor may be measured in order to determine whether the wireless power receiver is placed in the charging area together with the foreign material. In the coil provided in the wireless power transmitter, an inductance and/or a series resistance component in the coil may be reduced due to an environmental change, thereby reducing a quality factor value. In order to determine whether there is a foreign substance using the measured quality factor value, the wireless power transmitter may receive a pre-measured reference quality factor value from the wireless power receiver in a state in which the foreign substance is not disposed in the charging area. The presence of foreign substances may be determined by comparing the reference quality factor value received in the negotiation step 540 with the measured quality factor value. However, in the case of a wireless power receiving device having a low reference quality factor - for example, a specific wireless power receiving device may have a low reference quality factor value depending on the type, use, and characteristics of the wireless power receiving device. In this case, since there is no significant difference between the measured quality factor value and the reference quality factor value, it may be difficult to determine the presence of foreign substances. Therefore, it is necessary to further consider other determining factors or to determine the presence of foreign substances by using other methods.

In another embodiment of the present specification, when an object is detected in the selection step 510 , a quality factor value within a specific frequency domain (eg operating frequency domain) may be measured in order to determine whether the object is disposed with the foreign material in the charging area. In the coil of the wireless power transmitter, the inductance and/or the series resistance component in the coil may be reduced due to environmental changes, and thus the resonance frequency of the coil of the wireless power transmitter may be changed (shifted). That is, the quality factor peak frequency, which is the frequency at which the maximum quality factor value within the operating frequency band is measured, may be moved.

In the ping step 520 , when an object is detected, the wireless power transmitter wakes up the receiver and transmits a digital ping for identifying whether the detected object is a wireless power receiver. When the wireless power transmitter does not receive a response signal to the digital ping (eg, a signal strength packet) from the receiver in the ping step 520 , the wireless power transmitter may transition back to the selection step 510 . In addition, when the wireless power transmitter receives a signal indicating that power transmission is complete from the receiver in the ping step 520 , that is, a charging complete packet, it may transition to the selection step 510 .

When the ping step 520 is completed, the wireless power transmitter may transition to the identification and configuration step 530 for identifying the receiver and collecting receiver configuration and state information.

In the identification and configuration step 530, the wireless power transmitter receives an unwanted packet (unexpected packet), or a desired packet is not received for a predefined time (time out), or there is a packet transmission error (transmission error), If a power transfer contract is not established (no power transfer contract), the transition may be performed to the selection step 510 .

The wireless power transmitter may determine whether it is necessary to enter the negotiation step 540 based on the negotiation field value of the configuration packet received in the identification and configuration step 530 . As a result of the check, if negotiation is necessary, the wireless power transmitter may enter a negotiation step 540 to perform a predetermined FOD detection procedure. On the other hand, as a result of the check, if negotiation is not required, the wireless power transmitter may directly enter the power transmission step 560 .

In the negotiation step 540 , the wireless power transmitter may receive a Foreign Object Detection (FOD) status packet including a reference quality factor value. Alternatively, the FOD status packet including the reference peak frequency value may be received. Alternatively, a status packet including a reference quality factor value and a reference peak frequency value may be received. In this case, the wireless power transmitter may determine a quality factor threshold for FO detection based on the reference quality factor value. The wireless power transmitter may determine a peak frequency threshold for FO detection based on a reference peak frequency value.

The wireless power transmitter can detect whether FO is present in the charging area using the determined quality factor threshold for FO detection and the currently measured quality factor value (quality factor value measured before the ping step), and Power transmission can be controlled accordingly. For example, when the FO is detected, power transmission may be stopped, but is not limited thereto.

The wireless power transmitter can detect whether FO is present in the charging area using the determined peak frequency threshold for FO detection and the currently measured peak frequency value (the peak frequency value measured before the ping step), and Power transmission can be controlled accordingly. For example, when the FO is detected, power transmission may be stopped, but is not limited thereto.

When the FO is detected, the wireless power transmitter may return to the selection step 510 . On the other hand, when the FO is not detected, the wireless power transmitter may enter the power transfer step 560 through the correction step 550 . In detail, when the FO is not detected in the wireless power transmitter, the wireless power transmitter determines the intensity of power received by the receiver in the correction step 550, and the receiver and the receiver to determine the intensity of power transmitted from the transmitter. Power loss at the transmitting end can be measured. That is, the wireless power transmitter may estimate the power loss based on the difference between the transmit power of the transmitter and the receive power of the receiver in the correction step 550 . The wireless power transmitter according to an embodiment may correct a threshold for FOD detection by reflecting the predicted power loss.

In the power transmission step 560, the wireless power transmitter receives an unwanted packet (unexpected packet), a desired packet is not received for a predefined time (time out), or a violation of a preset power transmission contract occurs Otherwise (power transfer contract violation) or when charging is completed, the process may shift to the selection step 510 .

Also, in the power transmission step 560 , the wireless power transmitter may transition to the renegotiation step 570 when it is necessary to reconfigure the power transmission contract according to a change in the state of the wireless power transmitter. In this case, when the renegotiation is normally completed, the wireless power transmitter may return to the power transmission step 560 .

Although the correction step 550 and the power transmission step 560 are separated into separate steps in the present embodiment, the calibration step 550 may be integrated into the power transmission step 560. In this case, in the calibration step 550, Operations may be performed in a power transfer step 560 .

The power transmission contract may be established based on status and characteristic information of the wireless power transmitter and the receiver. As an example, the wireless power transmitter state information may include information on the maximum transmittable power amount, information on the maximum acceptable number of receivers, and the like, and the receiver state information may include information on required power and the like.

6 illustrates a power control control method according to an embodiment.

In the power transmission step 560 in FIG. 6 , the wireless power transmitter 100 and the wireless power receiver 200 may control the amount of transmitted power by concurrently communicating with power transmission/reception. The wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver operate at a specific control point. The control point represents a combination of voltage and current provided from an output of the wireless power receiver when power transfer is performed.

In more detail, the wireless power receiver selects a desired control point - a desired output current/voltage, a temperature at a specific location of the mobile device, and additionally an actual control point currently operating. ) to determine The wireless power receiver may calculate a control error value using a desired control point and an actual control point, and transmit it to the wireless power transmitter as a control error packet.

In addition, the wireless power transmitter may control power transfer by setting/controlling a new operating point - amplitude, frequency, and duty cycle - using the received control error packet. Therefore, the control error packet is transmitted/received at regular time intervals in the strategy delivery step, and as an embodiment, the wireless power receiver sets the control error value to a negative number when trying to reduce the current of the wireless power transmitter, and a control error when trying to increase the current. It can be transmitted by setting the value to a positive number. As described above, in the induction mode, the wireless power receiver can control power transfer by transmitting a control error packet to the wireless power transmitter.

The resonance mode, which will be described below, may operate in a different manner from that in the induction mode. In the resonance mode, one wireless power transmitter must be able to simultaneously serve a plurality of wireless power receivers. However, in the case of controlling power transmission as in the induction mode, it may be difficult to control power transmission to additional wireless power receivers because the transmitted power is controlled by communication with one wireless power receiver. Therefore, in the resonance mode of the present specification, the wireless power transmitter transmits basic power in common, and the wireless power receiver attempts to control the amount of power received by controlling its own resonance frequency. However, the method described with reference to FIG. 6 is not completely excluded even in the resonance mode operation, and additional transmission power control may be performed by the method of FIG. 6 .

7 is a block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting power wirelessly according to another embodiment. This may belong to a wireless power transmission system of a magnetic resonance method or a shared mode. The shared mode may refer to a mode in which one-to-many communication and charging are performed between the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver. The shared mode may be implemented in a magnetic induction method or a resonance method.

Referring to FIG. 7 , the wireless power transmitter 700 includes a cover 720 covering the coil assembly, a power adapter 730 for supplying power to the power transmitter 740 , a power transmitter 740 for wirelessly transmitting power, or at least one of a user interface 750 providing power transfer progress and other related information. In particular, the user interface 750 may be optionally included or may be included as another user interface 750 of the wireless power transmitter 700 .

The power transmitter 740 may include at least one of a coil assembly 760 , an impedance matching circuit 770 , an inverter 780 , a communication circuit 790 , and a control circuit 710 .

The coil assembly 760 includes at least one primary coil that generates a magnetic field, and may be referred to as a coil cell.

The impedance matching circuit 770 may provide impedance matching between the inverter and the primary coil(s). The impedance matching circuit 770 may generate a resonance at a suitable frequency to boost the primary coil current. The impedance matching circuitry in the multi-coil power transmitter 740 may further include a multiplex to route a signal from the inverter to a subset of the primary coils. The impedance matching circuit may be referred to as a tank circuit.

The impedance matching circuit 770 may include a capacitor, an inductor, and a switching element for switching a connection thereof. Impedance matching detects a reflected wave of wireless power transmitted through the coil assembly 760, and switches a switching element based on the detected reflected wave to adjust the connection state of the capacitor or the inductor, adjust the capacitance of the capacitor, or adjust the inductance of the inductor This can be done by adjusting In some cases, the impedance matching circuit 770 may be omitted, and the present specification also includes an embodiment of the wireless power transmitter 700 in which the impedance matching circuit 770 is omitted.

Inverter 780 may convert a DC input to an AC signal. Inverter 780 may be driven half-bridge or full-bridge to generate pulse waves of an adjustable frequency and duty cycle. The inverter may also include a plurality of stages to adjust the input voltage level.

The communication circuit 790 may communicate with the power receiver. The power receiver performs load modulation to communicate requests and information to the power transmitter. Accordingly, the power transmitter 740 may monitor the amplitude and/or phase of the current and/or voltage of the primary coil to demodulate data transmitted by the power receiver using the communication circuitry 790 .

In addition, the power transmitter 740 may control the output power to transmit data using a frequency shift keying (FSK) method or the like through the communication circuit 790 .

The control circuit 710 may control communication and power transmission of the power transmitter 740 . The control circuit 710 may control power transmission by adjusting the above-described operating point. The operating point may be determined by, for example, at least one of an operating frequency, a duty cycle, and an input voltage.

The communication circuit 790 and the control circuit 710 may be provided as separate circuits/devices/chipsets or as one circuit/device/chipset.

8 shows an apparatus for receiving wireless power according to another embodiment. This may belong to a wireless power transmission system of a magnetic resonance method or a shared mode.

In FIG. 8 , the wireless power receiving device 800 includes a user interface 820 that provides power transfer progress and other related information, a power receiver 830 that receives wireless power, a load circuit 840 or a coil assembly. It may include at least one of the base 850 to support and cover. In particular, the user interface 820 may be optionally included or may be included as another user interface 82 of the power receiving equipment.

The power receiver 830 may include at least one of a power converter 860 , an impedance matching circuit 870 , a coil assembly 880 , a communication circuit 890 , and a control circuit 810 .

The power converter 860 may convert AC power received from the secondary coil into a voltage and current suitable for a load circuit. In an embodiment, the power converter 860 may include a rectifier. The rectifier may rectify the received wireless power and convert it from AC to DC. The rectifier may convert alternating current to direct current using a diode or transistor, and smooth it using a capacitor and a resistor. As the rectifier, a full-wave rectifier, a half-wave rectifier, and a voltage multiplier implemented as a bridge circuit or the like may be used. Additionally, the power converter may adapt the reflected impedance of the power receiver.

The impedance matching circuit 870 may provide impedance matching between the combination of the power converter 860 and the load circuit 840 and the secondary coil. As an embodiment, the impedance matching circuit may generate a resonance near 100 kHz that may enhance power transfer. The impedance matching circuit 870 may include a capacitor, an inductor, and a switching element for switching a combination thereof. Impedance matching may be performed by controlling a switching element of a circuit constituting the impedance matching circuit 870 based on a voltage value, a current value, a power value, a frequency value, etc. of the received wireless power. In some cases, the impedance matching circuit 870 may be omitted, and the present specification also includes an embodiment of the wireless power receiver 200 in which the impedance matching circuit 870 is omitted.

The coil assembly 880 includes at least one secondary coil, and may optionally further include an element for shielding a metal part of the receiver from a magnetic field.

Communication circuitry 890 may perform load modulation to communicate requests and other information to the power transmitter.

To this end, the power receiver 830 may switch a resistor or a capacitor to change the reflected impedance.

The control circuit 810 may control the received power. To this end, the control circuit 810 may determine/calculate a difference between an actual operating point of the power receiver 830 and a desired operating point. In addition, the control circuit 810 may adjust/reduce the difference between the actual operating point and the desired operating point by adjusting the reflected impedance of the power transmitter and/or performing a request to adjust the operating point of the power transmitter. When this difference is minimized, optimal power reception can be performed.

The communication circuit 890 and the control circuit 810 may be provided as separate devices/chipsets or as one device/chipset.

As described in FIG. 5, the wireless power transmitter and the wireless power receiver enter the Negotiation Phase through a ping phase, a configuration phase, or a ping phase, a configuration phase, a negotiation phase. It can enter the power transfer phase through , and then enter the re-negotiation phase.

Referring to FIG. 9 , in the ping step, the wireless power transmitter 1010 checks whether an object exists in an operating volume by transmitting an analog ping ( S1101 ). The wireless power transmitter 1010 may detect whether an object exists in the working space based on a change in current of a transmission coil or a primary coil.

When it is determined that there is an object in the working space by analog ping, the wireless power transmitter 1010 performs foreign material detection (FOD) before power transmission to check whether there is a foreign object in the operating volume. It can be done (S1102). The wireless power transmitter 1010 may perform an operation for protecting the NFC card and/or the RFID tag.

Thereafter, the wireless power transmitter 1010 identifies the wireless power receiver 1020 by transmitting a digital ping (S1103). The wireless power receiver 1020 recognizes the wireless power transmitter 1010 by receiving the digital ping.

Upon receiving the digital ping, the wireless power receiver 1020 transmits a signal strength data packet (SIG) to the wireless power transmitter 1010 ( S1104 ).

The wireless power transmitter 1010 receiving the SIG from the wireless power receiver 1020 may identify that the wireless power receiver 1020 is located in an operating volume.

In the configuration step (or identification and configuration step), the wireless power receiver 1020 transmits its identification information to the wireless power transmitter 1010 , and the wireless power receiver 1020 and the wireless power transmitter 1010 . may establish a baseline Power Transfer Contract.

Referring to FIG. 10 , in the configuration step, the wireless power receiver 1020 may transmit an identification data packet (ID) to the wireless power transmitter 1010 to identify itself (S1201). Also, the wireless power receiver 1020 may transmit an extended identification data packet (XID) to the wireless power transmitter 1010 ( S1202 ). Also, the wireless power receiver 1020 may transmit a power control hold-off data packet (PCH) to the wireless power transmitter 1010 for a power transmission contract or the like (S1203). Also, the wireless power receiver 1020 may transmit a configuration data packet (CFG) to the wireless power transmitter (S1204).

When conforming to the extended protocol for EPP, the wireless power transmitter 1010 may transmit an ACK in response to the CFG (S1205).

The configuration packet (CFG) according to an embodiment may have a header value of 0x51, and referring to FIG. 14 , may include a 5-byte message field.

Referring to FIG. 11 , a 1-bit authentication (AI) flag and a 1-bit out-of-band (OB) flag may be included in the message field of the configuration packet (CFG).

The authentication flag AI indicates whether the wireless power receiver 1020 supports the authentication function. For example, if the value of the authentication flag AI is '1', it indicates that the wireless power receiver 1020 supports an authentication function or operates as an authentication initiator, and the authentication flag AI If the value of is '0', it may indicate that the wireless power receiver 1020 does not support the authentication function or cannot operate as an authentication initiator.

The out-band (OB) flag indicates whether the wireless power receiver 1020 supports out-band communication. For example, if the value of the out-band (OB) flag is '1', the wireless power receiver 1020 instructs out-band communication, and if the value of the out-band (OB) flag is '0', the wireless power receiver ( 1020) may indicate that out-band communication is not supported.

In the configuration step, the wireless power transmitter 1010 may receive the configuration packet (CFG) of the wireless power receiver 1020 and check whether the wireless power receiver 1020 supports the authentication function and whether out-band communication is supported. .

In the negotiation or renegotiation phase, expand or change the power transfer contract related to the reception/transmission of wireless power between the wireless power receiver and the wireless power transmitter, or adjust at least some of the elements of the power transfer contract A power transmission contract may be renewed, or information may be exchanged for establishing out-band communication.

12 , in the negotiation step, the wireless power receiver 1020 receives an identification data packet (ID) and a capabilities data packet (CAP) of the wireless power transmitter 1010 using a general request data packet (GRQ). can do.

The general request packet (GRQ) may have a header value of 0x07 and may include a 1-byte message field. The message field of the general request packet (GRQ) may include a header value of a data packet that the wireless power receiver 1020 requests from the wireless power transmitter 1010 using the GRQ packet. For example, when the wireless power receiver 1020 requests the ID packet of the wireless power transmitter 1010 using the GRQ packet, the wireless power receiver 1020 wirelessly enters the message field of the general request packet (GRQ). A general request packet (GRQ/id) including a header value (0x30) of the ID packet of the power transmitter 1010 is transmitted.

Referring to FIG. 12 , in the negotiation step or the renegotiation step, the wireless power receiver 1020 transmits a GRQ packet (GRQ/id) requesting an ID packet of the wireless power transmitter 1010 to the wireless power transmitter 1010 . It can be transmitted (S1301).

The wireless power transmitter 1010 receiving the GRQ/id may transmit the ID packet to the wireless power receiver 1020 (S1302). The ID packet of the wireless power transmitter 1010 includes information on the Manufacturer Code. The ID packet including information on the Manufacturer Code enables the manufacturer of the wireless power transmitter 1010 to be identified.

12, in the negotiation step or the renegotiation step, the wireless power receiver 1020 transmits a GRQ packet (GRQ/cap) requesting a performance packet (CAP) of the wireless power transmitter 1010 to the wireless power transmitter ( 1010) (S1303). The message field of the GRQ/cap may include a header value (0x31) of the performance packet (CAP).

The wireless power transmitter 1010 receiving the GRQ/cap may transmit a performance packet (CAP) to the wireless power receiver 1020 (S1304).

The capability packet (CAP) according to an embodiment may have a header value of 0x31, and referring to FIG. 16 , may include a message field of 3 bytes.

Referring to FIG. 13 , a 1-bit authentication (AR) flag and a 1-bit out-of-band (OB) flag may be included in the message field of the capability packet (CAP).

The authentication flag AR indicates whether the wireless power transmitter 1010 supports the authentication function. For example, if the value of the authentication flag AR is '1', it indicates that the wireless power transmitter 1010 supports the authentication function or can operate as an authentication responder, and If the value is '0', it may indicate that the wireless power transmitter 1010 does not support the authentication function or cannot operate as an authentication responder.

The out-band (OB) flag indicates whether the wireless power transmitter 1010 supports out-band communication. For example, if the value of the out-band (OB) flag is '1', the wireless power transmitter 1010 instructs out-band communication, and if the value of the out-band (OB) flag is '0', the wireless power transmitter 1010 ( 1010) may indicate that out-band communication is not supported.

In the negotiation step, the wireless power receiver 1020 receives the performance packet (CAP) of the wireless power transmitter 1010, and can check whether the wireless power transmitter 1010 supports the authentication function and whether out-band communication is supported. .

In addition, referring to FIG. 12 , the wireless power receiver 1020 uses at least one specific request data packet (SRQ) in the negotiation step or the renegotiation step in relation to the power to be provided in the power transmission step. The elements of (Power Transfer Contract) may be updated, and the negotiation phase or the renegotiation phase may be terminated (S1305).

The wireless power transmitter 1010 may transmit only ACK, only ACK or NAK, or only ACK or ND in response to a specific request packet (SRQ) according to the type of the specific request packet (SRQ) (S1306) .

A data packet or message exchanged between the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 in the above-described ping step, configuration step, and negotiation/renegotiation step may be transmitted/received through in-band communication.

14 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a protocol of a power transmission step according to an embodiment.

In the power transmission step, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 may transmit/receive wireless power based on a power transmission contract.

Referring to FIG. 14 , in the power transmission step, the wireless power receiver 1020 includes a control error packet (CE) including information on a difference between an actual operating point and a target operating point. control error data packet) to the wireless power transmitter 1010 (S1401).

In addition, in the power transmission step, the wireless power receiver 1020 wirelessly transmits a Received Power data packet (RP) including information on the received power value of the wireless power received from the wireless power transmitter 1010 . It transmits to the power transmitter 1010 (S1402).

In the power transmission step, the control error packet (CE) and the received power packet (RP) are data packets that must be repeatedly transmitted/received according to a timing constraint required for wireless power control.

The wireless power transmitter 1010 may control the level of wireless power transmitted based on the control error packet CE and the received power packet RP received from the wireless power receiver 1020 .

The wireless power transmitter 1010 may respond to the received power packet (RP) with an 8-bit bit pattern such as ACK, NAK, and ATN (S1403).

When the wireless power transmitter 1010 responds with an ACK to the received power packet (RP/0) having a mode value of 0, it means that power transmission can continue to the current level.

When the wireless power transmitter 1010 responds with NAK to the received power packet RP/0 having a mode value of 0, it means that the wireless power receiver 1020 should reduce power consumption.

With respect to the received power packet (RP/1 or RP/2) having a mode value of 1 or 2, the wireless power transmitter 1010 responds with an ACK, the wireless power receiver 1020 transmits the received power packet (RP/ 1 or RP/2) means that the power correction value included in it has been accepted.

With respect to the received power packet (RP/1 or RP/2) having a mode value of 1 or 2, the wireless power transmitter 1010 responds with NAK, the wireless power receiver 1020 transmits the received power packet (RP/ 1 or RP/2) means that the power correction value included in the value was not accepted.

When the wireless power transmitter 1010 responds with the ATN to the received power packet (RP), it means that the wireless power transmitter 1010 requests permission for communication.

The wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 control the power level transmitted/received based on the response to the control error packet (CE), the received power packet (RP), and the received power packet (RP) can do.

In addition, in the power transmission step, the wireless power receiver 1020 transmits a charge status packet (CHS, Charge Status data packet) including information on the charge state of the battery to the wireless power transmitter 1010 (S1404) . The wireless power transmitter 1010 may control the power level of the wireless power based on information on the state of charge of the battery included in the state of charge packet (CHS).

Meanwhile, in the power transmission step, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and/or the wireless power receiver 1020 may enter the renegotiation step to renew a power transmission contract.

In the power transmission step, when the wireless power transmitter 1010 attempts to enter the renegotiation step, the wireless power transmitter 1010 responds to the received power packet (RP) with ATN. In this case, the wireless power receiver 1020 may transmit the DSR/poll packet to the wireless power transmitter 1010 to give the wireless power transmitter 1010 an opportunity to transmit the data packet (S1405).

When the wireless power transmitter 1010 transmits a performance packet (CAP) to the wireless power receiver 1020 in response to the DSR/poll packet (S1406), the wireless power receiver 1020 requests the progress of the renegotiation step. transmits a renegotiation packet (NEGO) to the wireless power transmitter 1010 (S1407), and when the wireless power transmitter 1010 responds with ACK to the renegotiation packet (NEGO) (S1408), the wireless power transmitter 1010 ) and the wireless power receiver 1020 enter the renegotiation phase.

In the power transmission step, when the wireless power receiver 1020 wants to enter the renegotiation step, the wireless power receiver 1020 transmits a renegotiation packet (NEGO) requesting the progress of the renegotiation step to the wireless power transmitter 1010. transmit (S1407), and when the wireless power transmitter 1010 responds with ACK to the renegotiation packet (NEGO) (S1408), the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 enter the renegotiation phase do.

On the other hand, the wireless power transmission system may have an application layer message exchange function to support extension to various application fields. Based on this function, device authentication-related information or other application-level messages may be transmitted/received between the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 . As such, in order to exchange messages of a higher layer between the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020, a separate hierarchical architecture for data transmission is required, and efficient management of the hierarchical architecture and An operating method is required.

15 , a data stream initiator and a data stream responder transmit/transmit a data transport stream in which an application-level message is divided into a plurality of data packets using an application layer and a transport layer. receive

Both the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 may be data stream initiators or responders. For example, when the data stream initiator is the wireless power receiver 1020, the data stream responder is the wireless power transmitter 1010, and when the data stream initiator is the wireless power transmitter 1010, the data stream responder is the wireless power receiver (1020).

The application layer of the data stream initiator generates an application-level message (application message, for example, an authentication-related message, etc.) and stores it in a buffer managed by the application layer. And the application layer of the data stream initiator submits the application message stored in the buffer of the application layer to the transport layer. The transport layer of the data stream initiator stores the received application message in a buffer managed by the transport layer. The size of the buffer of the transport layer may be, for example, at least 67 bytes.

The transport layer of the data stream initiator transmits an application message to the data stream responder through a wireless channel using a data transport stream. In this case, the application message is sliced into a plurality of data packets and transmitted. The plurality of data packets in which the application message is divided and continuously transmitted may be referred to as a data transport stream.

When an error occurs in the process of transmitting data packets, the data stream initiator may retransmit the packet in which the error occurred. At this time, the transport layer of the data stream initiator provides feedback ( feedback) can be performed.

The data stream responder receives a data transport stream over a radio channel. The received data transport stream is demodulated and decoded in the reverse process of the procedure in which the data stream initiator transmits an application message to the data transport stream. For example, the data stream responder stores the data transport stream in the buffer managed by the transport layer, merges them, and delivers it from the transport layer to the application layer, and the application layer can store the received message in the buffer managed by the application layer. there is.

Referring to FIG. 16 , a data transport stream may include an auxiliary data control (ADC) data packet and a plurality of consecutive auxiliary data transport (ADT) data packets.

The data stream initiator may use the ADC data packet to open a data transport stream and end the data transport stream. That is, the data stream initiator transmits ADC data packets (ADC/gp/8) to start a data transport stream or requests the start of a data transport stream, transmits a plurality of ADT data packets in which an application message is slid, and ADC data A packet (ADC/end) may be transmitted to end the data transport stream or to request the end of the data transport stream.

The data stream initiator may also reset the data transport stream using ADC data packets.

17 is a diagram illustrating a format of a message field of an ADC data packet according to an embodiment, and FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a format of a message field of an ADT data packet according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 17 , the message field of the ADC data packet may consist of 2 bytes (the ADC data packet including the header is 3 bytes), and the byte B0 including the Request field and the parameter It may include a byte (B1) including a field.

The ADC data packet is, according to the value of the request field, an ADC that starts a data transport stream (or requests the start of a data transport stream), an ADC that ends a data transport stream (or requests an end of a data transport stream), and data It can be distinguished as an ADC that resets the transport stream (or requests a reset of the data transport stream). In addition, the ADC data packet may be distinguished as to which ADC starts the data transport stream for transmitting which application message, according to the value of the request field.

For example, an ADC data packet with a value of 0 in the request field is an ADC (ADC/end) that terminates a data transport stream or requests the end of a data transport stream, and an ADC data packet with a value of 2 in the request field is authentication-related. ADC (ADC/auth) that initiates a data transport stream that sends a message or requests the start of a data transport stream that sends an authentication-related message, and ADC data packets with a value of 5 in the request field reset the data transport stream or send data It may be an ADC (ADC/rst) requesting a reset of the transport stream. An ADC data packet whose request field value is any one of 0x10 to 0x1F starts a data transport stream that transmits data other than authentication (for example, proprietary data) or an ADC (ADC/ADC/ADC) that requests the start of a data transport stream. prop) can be

The ADC data packet may include information on the number of data bytes of the data transport stream. To this end, the parameter field of the ADC data packet that starts the data transport stream may include information on the number of bytes of the data transport stream. A parameter field of the ADC (ADC/end) that terminates the data transport stream and/or the ADC (ADC/rst) that resets the data transport stream may be set to zero.

Referring back to FIG. 16 , the wireless power transmitter may respond with any one of ACK, NAK, ND, and ATN to the ADC data packet transmitted by the wireless power receiver as a data stream initiator to the wireless power transmitter. When the request according to the received ADC data packet is successfully performed, the wireless power transmitter responds with ACK, and when the request according to the received ADC data packet is not performed, the wireless power transmitter responds with a NAK, and the wireless power transmitter receives When the data transport stream requested by the ADC data packet is not supported, it responds with ND, and when the wireless power transmitter requests communication permission from the wireless power receiver, it can respond with ATN.

As a data stream initiator, to the ADC data packet transmitted by the wireless power transmitter to the wireless power receiver, the wireless power receiver responds using a Data Stream Response (DSR) data packet having a 1-byte message field. can For example, the wireless power receiver may respond with any one of DSR/ack, DSR/nak, DSR/nd, and DSR/poll. The wireless power receiver responds with DSR/ack when the request according to the received ADC data packet is successfully performed, and responds with NAK when the request according to the received ADC data packet is not performed, and the wireless power receiver If the ADC data packet does not support the requested or requested data transport stream, it responds with ND, and when the last data packet transmitted by the wireless power transmitter is not received, it responds with DSR/poll. .

Referring to FIG. 18 , the message field of the ADT data packet includes a data field of N bytes. The message field of the ADT data packet may have a size of 1 to 7 bytes. The data field contains the fragment of the application message transmitted over the data transport stream. That is, the application message transmitted through the data transport stream is sliced into a plurality of ADT data packets and transmitted/received.

Referring back to FIG. 16 , the wireless power transmitter may respond with any one of ACK, NAK, ND and ATN to the ADT data packet transmitted by the wireless power receiver as a data stream initiator to the wireless power transmitter. The wireless power transmitter responds with an ACK when the data in the received ADT data packet is accurately processed, and responds with a NAK when the data in the received ADT data packet is not processed, and the wireless power transmitter responds to the data transmission being received When there is no stream, it responds with ND, and when the wireless power transmitter requests permission for communication from the wireless power receiver, it can respond with ATN.

As a data stream initiator, the wireless power receiver may respond to the ADT data packet transmitted by the wireless power transmitter to the wireless power receiver using a DSR data packet having a 1-byte message field. For example, the wireless power receiver may respond with any one of DSR/ack, DSR/nak, DSR/nd, and DSR/poll. The wireless power receiver responds with DSR/ack when the data in the received ADT data packet is correctly processed, and responds with NAK when the data in the received ADT data packet is not processed, and the wireless power receiver responds with If there is no data transport stream, it may respond with ND, and when the last data packet transmitted by the wireless power transmitter is not received, it may respond with DSR/poll.

The above-described data transport stream may be transmitted/received in the power transmission step.

However, in the power transmission step, the wireless power receiving device 1020 must repeatedly transmit the control error packet (CE) and the received power packet (RP) according to the timing constraints required, respectively, so that the data transmission stream Transmission or reception of the ADC data packet and/or the ADT packet must be performed within the interval of the control error packets (CE) and the interval of the receive power packets (RP).

For example, the control error packet (CE) aims to be repeatedly transmitted at an interval of 250 ms, but successive control error packets (CE) within a maximum of 350 ms or 700 ms from the start of the previously transmitted control error packet (CE) it should be started

In addition, for example, the received power packet (RP) aims to be repeatedly transmitted at an interval of 1500 ms, but continuous reception within a maximum of 2050 ms from the start of the previously transmitted received power packet (RP/0, RP/4). Power packets (RP/0, RP/4) should start. In the case of the receive power packet (RP8) used in the Baseline Protocol, it aims to be repeatedly transmitted at an interval of 1500 ms, but receives power continuously within a maximum of 4050 ms from the start of the previously transmitted receive power packet (RP8). Packet RP8 should start.

In addition, there are data packets accompanying a timing constraint in addition to the control error packet CE and the received power packet RP.

For example, the DSR/poll packet is accompanied by a timing constraint in which the DSR/poll packet must be transmitted within a maximum of 100 ms after the wireless power receiver 1020 receives the ATN from the wireless power transmitter 1010 .

In addition, the DSR packet, after the wireless power receiver 1020 receives a data packet (eg, a response packet to the previously transmitted DSR packet) from the wireless power transmitter 1010, the DSR packet within a maximum of 500ms It is accompanied by a timing constraint that must be transmitted.

Also, ADC data packets and ADC data packets are accompanied by a timing constraint that the initiator of the data transport stream must transmit the next ADC data packet or ADC data packet within a maximum of 1000 ms from the start of the previously transmitted ADC data packet or ADC data packet. . The responder of the data transport stream shall close the data transport stream if it does not receive the next ADC data packet or ADC data packet within at least 2000 ms from the start of the previously transmitted ADC data packet or ADC data packet.

In the power transmission step, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 must transmit/receive each data packet while keeping timing constraints accompanying each data packet.

Therefore, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 preferentially transmit/receive a data packet (High Time sensitive data packet) accompanying a timing constraint, but avoid the timing constraint. Data packets that are not accompanied or have a relatively large time according to timing constraints (Low Time sensitive data packets) may be transmitted/received based on the timing constraints of the high sensitive data packets.

For example, since the timing constraint required for CE is short compared to other data packets (RP, DSR, ADC, ADT, etc.), CE is classified as a high-sensitivity data packet, and other data packets (RP, DSR, etc.) , ADC, ADT, etc.) can be classified as low-civility data packets. Accordingly, the wireless power receiver 1020 may preferentially process the transmission of CE, and may transmit or receive other data packets (RP, DSR, ADC, ADT, etc.) within the interval of consecutively transmitted CEs.

In addition, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 may classify the high-sensitivity data packet and the low-sensitivity data packet according to a result obtained when the timing constraint is not observed.

For example, when a predetermined time (t _timeout ) has elapsed from the start of the last received CE, the wireless power transmitter 1010 may remove the wireless power power signal. In addition, the wireless power transmitter 1010 may remove the wireless power power signal when a predetermined time (t _power ) has elapsed from the start of the last received RP. That is, when the timing constraints of CE and RP are not observed, transmission/reception of wireless power is interrupted.

On the other hand, if the ADC data packet and the timing constraints required for the ADC data packet are not observed, the data transport stream is closed.

Even if the data transport stream is closed, the data transport stream can be resumed, but if the transmission/reception of wireless power is interrupted, the protocol for wireless charging must be restarted.

Accordingly, CE and RP are classified as high-sensitivity data packets, and ADC data packets and ADC data packets are classified as low-sensitivity data packets, so that the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 Although CE and RP, which are citizen data packets, are preferentially transmitted/received, ADC data packets and ADC data packets, which are low-civility data packets, may be transmitted/received based on the timing constraints of high citizen data packets.

Meanwhile, in the power transmission step, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 communicate with each other only through in-band communication, communicate using a mixture of in-band communication and out-band communication, or communicate only with out-band communication. can do.

In the Qi standard of the wireless power consortium (WPC), which defines a standard for wireless charging, a protocol using out-band communication is not specifically defined yet.

Therefore, when transmission/reception of data packets using out-band communication is performed in the power transmission step, it is necessary to define the transmission states of the high-civility data packet and the low-civility data packet.

Referring to FIG. 19 , state 11 is the main state of the power transmission phase. In state 11, the wireless power receiver 1020 transmits a data packet (eg, CE, RP, CHS, NEGO, etc.) for power control or a data packet (ADC, ADT, DSR, etc.) for a data transport stream , or a data packet (EPT) for stopping power transmission may be transmitted.

State 12 is a state in which the wireless power transmitter 1010 adjusts the power level of wireless power. The wireless power transmitter 1010 may adjust the power level based on the CE received from the wireless power receiver 1020 .

State 14 is a state for entering the renegotiation phase in the power transmission phase. When the wireless power transmitter 1010 that has received the NEGO from the wireless power receiver 1020 responds with ACK, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 enter the renegotiation phase. When the wireless power transmitter 1010 that has received the NEGO from the wireless power receiver 1020 responds with ATN, NAK, or ND, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 are in the power transmission step. will be left

In the above-described

states

11, 12 and 14, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 can transmit/receive data packets or response patterns (ACK, ATN, NAK, ND) using in-band communication. there is.

States

32, 33 and 34 are states based on out-band communication.

State 32 is a state of transmitting/receiving high citizenship data packets using out-band communication. The wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 transmit/receive data packets classified as high citizen data packets among the data packets defined in Qi using out-band communication to meet the timing constraints. can For example, in state 32, the wireless power receiver 1020 may transmit CE and/or RP to the wireless power transmitter 1010 using out-band communication.

State 33 is a state in which low-civility data packets are transmitted/received using out-band communication. The wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 transmit/receive data packets classified as low-civility data packets among the data packets defined in Qi using out-band communication to meet the timing constraints. can For example, in state 33, the wireless power transmitter 1010 may transmit a CAP, ADC, ADT, etc. to the wireless power receiver 1020 using out-band communication, and the wireless power receiver 1020 is an ADC, ADT and the like may be transmitted to the wireless power transmitter 1010 using out-band communication.

The wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 transmit/receive a high-sensitivity data packet using out-band communication in state 32, and enter state 33 in consideration of the timing constraints of the high-sensitivity data packet. Thus, low-civility data packets can be transmitted/received using out-of-band communication. The wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 go to state 33 if there is a possibility of violating the timing constraint of the high-civility data packet due to the transmission/reception of the low-civility data packet to be transmitted in state 33. It can be configured to be inaccessible.

However, when the high citizen data packet is not transmitted/received in state 32 and is transmitted/received using in-band communication in

state

11, 12 or 14, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver ( 1020) enters state 33 and can transmit/receive low citizen data packets regardless of timing constraints of high citizen data packets.

In addition, even if the high citizen data packet is transmitted/received in state 32, the timing of the high citizen data packet is when it is intended to transmit/receive low citizen data in the

state

11, 12 or 14 using in-band communication. It can transmit/receive low citizen data packets regardless of restrictions.

State 34 is a state in which the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 wait while out-band communication is connected in an error situation occurring in the power transmission step.

Error situations occurring in the power transmission step include a situation in which a foreign material is detected or the existence of a foreign material is suspected, a misalignment situation due to a change in the position of the wireless power receiver 1020, a situation in which transmission/reception of wireless power is stopped, and in-band It may be a situation in which communication is interrupted.

If an error condition occurs in the power transmission step, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 wait while maintaining out-band communication in the state 34, and when the error condition is resolved within a predetermined time, another state, and if the error condition is not resolved within a certain period of time, the out-band communication connection can be released.

20 is a diagram for explaining a method of transmitting a Qi data packet.

The Qi data packet may be transmitted/received using in-band communication and out-band communication.

When using BLE as out-band communication, referring to FIG. 20 , a Qi data packet may be transmitted using isochronous transmission, transmitted using asynchronous transmission, or transmitted using ATT/GATT. .

The high citizenship data packet may be transmitted/received using isochronous transmission. In the case of transmitting/receiving high citizen data packets using isochronous transmission, interleaving may be grafted to isochronous transmission. The high citizenship data packet may include CE, RP, EPT, ACK, NAK, ND, ATN, and the like.

High Citizenship Data Packets may be sent/received using ATT/GATT. In this case, it is possible to transmit/receive high citizenship data packets by operating the upper layer timestamp.

The low citizen data packet may be transmitted using asynchronous transmission or ATT/GATT. The low citizen data packet may include DSR, ADC, ADT, CAP, CHS, NEGO, PROP, ID, NULL, and the like.

The low-civility data packet can be classified into a medium-civility data packet and a low-civility data packet according to the degree of timing constraint, and the medium-civility data packet includes DSR, ADC, ADT, etc. may include CAP, CHS, NEGO, PROP, ID, NULL, and the like. Intermediate citizenship data packets may be transmitted using asynchronous transmission or time-stamped ATT/GATT. Low Citizenship Data Packets may be transmitted using ATT/GATT.

Referring to FIG. 21 , a Bluetooth packet may include a BLE header and BLE data.

The BLE header is defined according to the Bluetooth standard. Referring to FIG. 21 , the BLE header includes information on a preamble, an access address, a method, and a characteristic ID.

Method may include information on whether the BLE packet is transmitted in a write method or a notification method. Accordingly, it is possible to specify who transmitted the corresponding BLE packet among the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 by the Method information of the BLE header.

Characteristic ID may include WPC information (WPC Info.) or WPC Characteristic ID. Accordingly, the device receiving the Bluetooth packet of FIG. 21 may identify the corresponding Bluetooth packet as a wireless charging-related packet by checking the characteristic ID information.

The BLE data may include a time stamp field (Time Stamp), a time priority field (Time Priority), a header value field (Header), a Qi data packet information field (Qi info.), and the like.

The timestamp field may include information on the timestamp of the BLE data packet.

The time stamp is either 1) using the clock used in BLE communication, 2) newly defined and interlocked with the clock operation profile in the BLE application layer, 3) interlocked with an existing time-related profile defined in BLE, or 4) A clock for synchronization or self-induction of band communication can be defined and used.

Depending on the clock operation method, information on clock accuracy, clock resolution, etc. may be added to the BLE data.

The time priority field may include information about a priority based on a timing constraint of a Qi data packet included in BLE data. For example, the time priority field may include information capable of distinguishing a high citizen data packet from a low citizen data packet. Alternatively, the time priority field may include information capable of distinguishing a high citizenship data packet, a medium citizenship data packet, and a low citizenship data packet.

A wireless power transmitter that provides wireless power to a plurality of wireless power receivers receives BLE data packets from a plurality of wireless power receivers using BLE communication, and time priority of BLE data packets received from each wireless power receiver A high priority wireless power receiver is identified based on the field information, and BLE communication with the corresponding wireless power receiver is prioritized, or by adjusting the BLE connection parameters with each wireless power receiver. The BLE data packet received from the wireless power receiver may be preferentially received or processed.

The header value field may include information related to the header value of the Qi data packet included in the BLE data.

The Qi data packet information field may include information related to the message field of the Qi data packet included in the BLE data.

Referring to FIG. 22 , in BLE data, a time stamp field (Time Stamp), a sense of citizenship field (Time Sensitive Indicator), a sense of citizenship parameter field (Time Sensitive parameter), a connection parameter field (Connection Parameters), Qi data packet information field (Qi info.), etc. may be included.

Since the time stamp field is similar to that described with reference to FIG. 21, a description thereof will be omitted.

The citizenship index field is a concept similar to the time priority described with reference to FIG. 21 .

The citizenship parameter field may include information related to a timing constraint of a Qi data packet included in BLE data. For example, when a Qi data packet included in BLE is CE, information related to a target value and a maximum value of an interval t _interval required for CE may be included.

The connection parameter field may include information on connection parameters for timing management of BLE communication between the wireless power transmitter 1010 and the wireless power receiver 1020 . When it is necessary to modify the connection parameter in response to the timing constraint of the citizen data packet, the wireless power transmitter 1010 and/or the wireless power receiver 1020 includes information on the modified connection parameter in the connection parameter field. can be sent by

The Qi data packet information field may include information related to the Qi data packet included in the BLE data. For example, the Qi data packet information field may include a header and a message field of a Qi data packet included in BLE data.

23, the wireless power transmitter (PTx) operates as a master (M) of BLE communication, and a plurality of wireless power receivers (PRx#1, PRx#2, PRx#3) are slaves ( S) works.

The wireless power transmitter (PTx) adjusts the priority of packets transmitted by each wireless power receiver (PRx#1, PRx#2, PRx#3), satisfies the timing constraints of each packet, and The E packet may be used to give the wireless power receivers PRx#1, PRx#2, and PRx#3 an opportunity to transmit a data packet.

In the E packet, the wireless power transmitter (PTx) and the plurality of wireless power receivers (PRx#1, PRx#2, PRx#3) negotiate each interval (Interval #1, Interval #2, Interval #3). ), the number of E packets to be transmitted at each interval, the interval of sub-intervals between E packets within one interval, and the like can be adjusted.

Referring to FIG. 23 , the wireless power transmitter (PTx) transmits three E packets at each interval (Interval #1, Interval #2, Interval #3) to transmit the wireless power receiver (PRx#1, PRx#2, A data packet transmission opportunity is given to PRx#3), and each wireless power receiver (PRx#1, PRx#2, PRx#3) transmits a data packet in response to the E packet.

Referring to FIG. 23 , in the first interval (Interval #1), the wireless power transmitter PTx transmits an E1 packet to the first wireless power receiver PRx#1, and the first wireless power receiver PRx# 1) transmits a BLE data packet including CE to the wireless power transmitter (PTx) in response to the E1 packet. A data packet transmitted by each of the wireless power receivers PRx#1, PRx#2, and PRx#3 described with reference to FIG. 23 may be a BLE packet having the structure described with reference to FIG. 21 or 22 . The wireless power transmitter PTx may acquire information on the priority and timing restrictions of the corresponding packet based on the BLE packet including the CE transmitted by the first wireless power receiver PRx#1.

The wireless power transmitter (PTx) transmits an E2 packet to the second wireless power receiver (PRx#2), and the second wireless power receiver (PRx#2) responds to the E2 packet with a BLE data packet including CE. to the wireless power transmitter (PTx). The wireless power transmitter PTx may acquire information on the priority and timing restrictions of the corresponding packet based on the BLE packet including the CE transmitted by the second wireless power receiver PRx#2.

The wireless power transmitter (PTx) transmits an E3 packet to the third wireless power receiver (PRx#3), and the third wireless power receiver (PRx#3) responds to the E3 packet with a BLE data packet including RP. to the wireless power transmitter (PTx). The wireless power transmitter (PTx) may acquire information on the priority, timing restrictions, etc. of the corresponding packet based on the BLE packet including the RP transmitted by the third wireless power receiver (PRx#3).

In the second interval (Interval #2), the wireless power transmitter PTx transmits the E4 packet to the first wireless power receiver PRx#1, and the first wireless power receiver PRx#1 sends the E4 packet to the first wireless power receiver PRx#1. In response, the BLE data packet including the RP is transmitted to the wireless power transmitter (PTx). The wireless power transmitter (PTx) may acquire information on the priority and timing restrictions of the corresponding packet based on the BLE packet including the RP transmitted by the first wireless power receiver (PRx#1).

The wireless power transmitter PTx transmits an E5 packet to the first wireless power receiver PRx#1 in order to satisfy the CE timing constraint of the first wireless power receiver PRx#1. The first wireless power receiver (PRx#1) transmits a BLE data packet including CE to the wireless power transmitter (PTx) in response to the E5 packet.

The wireless power transmitter (PTx) transmits an E6 packet to the second wireless power receiver (PRx#2), and the second wireless power receiver (PRx#2) responds to the E6 packet with a BLE data packet including RP. to the wireless power transmitter (PTx).

In the third interval (Interval #3), the wireless power transmitter (PTx) violates the timing restrictions for CE and RP of the first wireless power receiver (PRx#1) and the second wireless power receiver (PRx#2) In the range where it does not, the E7 packet is transmitted to the third wireless power receiver PRx#3, and a data transmission opportunity is given to the third wireless power receiver PRx#3.

The third wireless power receiver (PRx#3) transmits the BLE data packet including the CE to the wireless power transmitter (PTx) in response to the E7 packet. The wireless power transmitter PTx may acquire information on the priority and timing restrictions of the corresponding packet based on the BLE packet including the CE transmitted by the third wireless power receiver PRx#3.

The wireless power transmitter (PTx) transmits an E8 packet to the third wireless power receiver (PRx#3) in order to satisfy the timing constraint for the RP of the third wireless power receiver (PRx#3). The third wireless power receiver (PRx#3) transmits the BLE data packet including the RP to the wireless power transmitter (PTx) in response to the E8 packet.

The wireless power transmitter (PTx) transmits an E9 packet to the first wireless power receiver (PRx#1) in order to satisfy the timing constraint for the RP of the first wireless power receiver (PRx#1). The first wireless power receiver (PRx#1) transmits the BLE data packet including the RP to the wireless power transmitter (PTx) in response to the E9 packet.

As described above, even if the wireless power transmitter (PTx) exchanges citizenship data with a plurality of wireless power receivers (PRx#1, PRx#2, PRx#3) through out-band communication, each data packet is By transmitting the E packet based on the information on the included priority and timing constraint, it is possible to satisfy the timing constraint of the data packets transmitted from each wireless power receiver (PRx#1, PRx#2, PRx#3). there is.

23 shows that one wireless power transmitter (PTx) performs BLE communication with a plurality of wireless power receivers (PRx#1, PRx#2, PRx#3), so that the wireless power transmitter (PTx) is the master of BLE communication. Although an example of operation as (M) is shown, when the wireless power transmitter (PTx) and the wireless power receiver (PRx) perform one-to-one BLE communication, the wireless power transmitter (PTx) operates as a slave and uses wireless power The receiving device PRx may operate as a master.

Referring to FIG. 24 , the wireless power transmitter 1010 is a first wireless power receiver 1021 and a second wireless power receiver 1022 and out-of-band communication (eg, BLE) connected to the state in which the new The third wireless power receiver PRx#3 may establish a BLE connection with the wireless power transmitter 1010 (S1503).

However, an error is detected in in-band and/or out-band communication with the third wireless power receiver (PRx#3), or an error situation occurs during wireless charging with the third wireless power receiver (PRx#3). When an abnormality is detected or a third wireless power receiver (PRx#3) is added during wireless charging for the first wireless power receiver 1021 and the second wireless power receiver 1022, timing restrictions of Qi data packets, etc. Due to this, when it is determined that the service is impossible, such as when the citizen data packet cannot be processed, the wireless power transmitter 1010 also provides the first wireless power receiver 1021 and the second wireless power receiver 1022 . It is necessary to provide an alert (S1501, S1503).

To this end, a data packet for the wireless power transmitter 1010 to provide an alert to the wireless power receiver PRx#3 may be newly defined, and the wireless power transmitter 1010 receives other wireless power A data packet for providing an alert to the

devices

1021 and 1022 may also be newly defined. A data packet for providing a newly defined alert may include a message field capable of identifying the reason for the alert.

When the wireless power transmitter 1010 can be recovered by the wireless power transmitter 1010 (eg, when wireless charging is possible for the third wireless power receiver PRx#3 by adjusting BLE connection parameters, etc.) etc.), a temporary abnormal situation, etc., provides an alert to the wireless power receiver, but the wireless power transmitter 1010 is an abnormal situation at a level that the wireless power transmitter 1010 cannot cope with, In a situation where revenge is impossible, power transmission may be stopped without providing an alert to the wireless power receiver.

On the other hand, the wireless power transmitter 1010 uploads information on an alert situation to a separate control server 1030 ( S1504 ), so as to induce an administrator to take action.

In addition, the wireless power receiver, which has received an alert from the wireless power transmitter 1010, uploads information on the alert situation to a separate control server 1030 (S1505) to induce the administrator to take action. can do.

The wireless power transmitter in the embodiment according to the above-described FIGS. 9 to 24 corresponds to the wireless power transmitter or the wireless power transmitter or the power transmitter disclosed in FIGS. 1 to 8 . Accordingly, the operation of the wireless power transmitter in this embodiment is implemented by one or a combination of two or more of each component of the wireless power transmitter in FIGS. 1 to 8 . For example, reception/transmission of a message or data packet according to FIGS. 9 to 24 is included in the operation of the communication/control unit.

The wireless power receiver in the embodiment according to the above-described FIGS. 9 to 24 corresponds to the wireless power receiver or the wireless power receiver or the power receiver disclosed in FIGS. 1 to 8 . Accordingly, the operation of the wireless power receiver in this embodiment is implemented by one or a combination of two or more of each component of the wireless power receiver in FIGS. 1 to 8 . For example, reception/transmission of a message or data packet according to FIGS. 9 to 24 may be included in the operation of the communication/control unit.

Since all components or steps are not essential for the wireless power transmission method and apparatus, or the reception apparatus and method according to the embodiment of the present specification described above, the wireless power transmission apparatus and method, or the reception apparatus and method includes the above-described components or some or all of the steps. In addition, the above-described wireless power transmission apparatus and method, or the embodiment of the reception apparatus and method may be performed in combination with each other. In addition, each of the above-described components or steps does not necessarily have to be performed in the order described, and it is also possible that the steps described later are performed before the steps described earlier.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present specification, and various modifications and variations are possible without departing from the essential characteristics of the present specification by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the technology according to the present specification belongs. will be. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present specification described above may be implemented separately or in combination with each other.

Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in the present specification are for explanation rather than limiting the technical spirit of the present specification, and the scope of the technical spirit of the present specification is not limited by these embodiments. The protection scope of the present specification should be construed by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope equivalent thereto should be construed as being included in the scope of the present specification.

Claims

A wireless power transmitter for transmitting wireless power to a wireless power receiver, comprising:

performing a ping step of transmitting a digital ping to the wireless power receiver;

performing a configuration step of receiving a configuration packet including configuration information of the wireless power receiver from the wireless power receiver;

performing a power transmission step of transmitting the wireless power,

Receiving a first data packet accompanied by a timing constraint in the power transmission step from the wireless power receiver,

A wireless power transmitter for transmitting a second data packet to the wireless power receiver based on the timing constraint.
According to claim 1,

In-band communication using the power signal of the wireless power and out-band communication using short-range wireless communication other than the in-band communication to communicate with the wireless power receiver,

A wireless power transmitter for transmitting the second data packet using the out-band communication based on the timing constraint on the basis of receiving the first data packet using the out-band communication.
3. The method of claim 2,

Based on receiving the first data packet using the in-band communication, the wireless power transmitter transmits the second data packet using the out-band communication regardless of the timing constraint.
3. The method of claim 2,

The first data packet is

time information including information related to the generation time of the first data packet; and

A wireless power transmitter comprising time sensitive information including at least one of information related to the priority based on the timing constraint and information about the timing constraint.
According to claim 1,

The first data packet is

a control error packet including information related to a control error value for the wireless power; and

A wireless power transmitter comprising at least one of a received power packet including information related to a received power value for the wireless power.
According to claim 1,

The second data packet is

an auxiliary data control data packet of a data transport stream for transmitting application-level information; and

A wireless power transmitter comprising at least one of an auxiliary data transport data packet data packet of the data transport stream.
In the wireless power receiver for receiving wireless power from the wireless power transmitter,

performing a ping step of receiving a digital ping from the wireless power transmitter;

performing a configuration step of transmitting a configuration packet including configuration information of the wireless power receiver to the wireless power transmitter;

performing a power transmission step of receiving the wireless power,

Transmitting a first data packet accompanied by a timing constraint in the power transmission step to the wireless power transmitter,

and transmitting a second data packet to the wireless power transmitter based on the timing constraint.
8. The method of claim 7,

In-band communication using the power signal of the wireless power and out-band communication using short-range wireless communication other than the in-band communication to communicate with the wireless power transmitter,

A wireless power receiver for transmitting the second data packet using the out-band communication based on the timing constraint based on receiving the first data packet using the out-band communication.
9. The method of claim 8,

Based on the reception of the first data packet using the in-band communication, the wireless power receiver transmits the second data packet using the out-band communication regardless of the timing constraint.
9. The method of claim 8,

The first data packet is

time information including information related to the generation time of the first data packet; and

A wireless power receiver including time sensitive information including at least one of information related to the priority based on the timing constraint and information about the timing constraint.
8. The method of claim 7,

The first data packet is

a control error packet including information related to a control error value for the wireless power; and

A wireless power receiving apparatus comprising at least one of a received power packet including information related to a received power value for the wireless power.
8. The method of claim 7,

The second data packet is

an auxiliary data control data packet of a data transport stream for transmitting application-level information; and

A wireless power receiver comprising at least one of an auxiliary data transport data packet data packet of the data transport stream.
In the wireless power receiver for receiving wireless power from the wireless power transmitter,

performing a ping step of receiving a digital ping from the wireless power transmitter;

performing a configuration step of transmitting a configuration packet including configuration information of the wireless power receiver to the wireless power transmitter;

performing a power transmission step of receiving the wireless power,

Transmitting a first data packet accompanied by a timing constraint in the power transmission step to the wireless power transmitter,

The wireless power receiver receives a second data packet from the wireless power transmitter based on the timing constraint.
14. The method of claim 13,

In-band communication using the power signal of the wireless power and out-band communication using short-range wireless communication other than the in-band communication to communicate with the wireless power transmitter,

A wireless power receiver for receiving the second data packet using the out-band communication based on the timing constraint on the basis of receiving the first data packet using the out-band communication.
15. The method of claim 14,

Based on the reception of the first data packet using the in-band communication, the wireless power receiver receives the second data packet using the out-band communication regardless of the timing constraint.
15. The method of claim 14,

The first data packet is

time information including information related to the generation time of the first data packet; and

A wireless power receiver including time sensitive information including at least one of information related to the priority based on the timing constraint and information about the timing constraint.
14. The method of claim 13,

The first data packet is

a control error packet including information related to a control error value for the wireless power; and

A wireless power receiving apparatus comprising at least one of a received power packet including information related to a received power value for the wireless power.
14. The method of claim 13,

The second data packet is

an auxiliary data control data packet of a data transport stream for transmitting application-level information; and

A wireless power receiver including at least one of an auxiliary data transport data packet data packet of the data transport stream.