WO2022043734A1

WO2022043734A1 - Anti-earthquake tree house

Info

Publication number: WO2022043734A1
Application number: PCT/IB2020/057955
Authority: WO
Inventors: Fatemeh KARIMINEJAD; Shohreh KARIMINEJAD
Original assignee: Kariminejad Fatemeh; Kariminejad Shohreh
Priority date: 2020-08-26
Filing date: 2020-08-26
Publication date: 2022-03-03

Abstract

This tree house is designed to deal with natural disasters and protect the lives and property of the residents of the houses. This steel structure is designed based on the laws of mechanical physics and spatial geometry and modeling the structure of a natural tree. This house is anti-earthquake, anti-flood and anti-storm and protects its residents against natural disasters. The use of shock-absorbing hydraulic jacks and a telescopic jack at the base of the house enables the structure to repel vibration caused by earthquakes and storms. The use of telescopic jack at the base of the house ups and downs the entire structure during floods. This house has all the facilities of an apartment. The use of air conditioning system provides mild weather in all seasons. The electricity used in this house is supplied by solar panels installed in the highest part of this structure.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

This invention is in the field of building and mechanics.

2. Background of the Invention

Student, architect and interior designer Conrad Wijik came up with a plan to create living spaces in tropical forests in 2013, inspired by trees and intending to prevent deforestation and preservation of the natural beauty of nature. In the mentioned plan, a pyramid with a square base with a total area of 61 meters in 4 floors is designed for 2 people. The central pillar and the main structure are made of local materials (local wood) and the addition of two columns with wood material to the main pillar is designed for balance in construction. The entrance is designed with wooden escalators. Access to floors is not about one axis. That is, the stairs are on one floor to the right and the other floor to the left of the corner of the plan. Interior stairs are designed in the form of ladders with wood material and steep slope. The main window in large dimensions with an angle of 9 degrees is integrated to have a good view. Electricity is generated on one side of the structural facade using solar panels. The slope of the facade is designed at 25 degrees on one side and 9 degrees on the other facades. The facade is covered with black zinc (paper insulation). The foundation of the structure is made of concrete with a number of piles. One of the disadvantages of this plan is the lack of access to the total height and height of the floors. Also, the structural connections are not clear.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Giving reference to the anti-earthquake structures designed so far, in the design of present invention it is tried to eliminate the drawbacks of previous inventions. Investigating the reasons for high resistance of trees at the time of earthquakes, floods, and storms it is revealed that the special structure of trees is the main reason of their standing against the destroying factors of natural disasters. As a result, the present invention, which is named tree house, is designed to deal with natural disasters and protect the lives and properties of the residents of the house. This steel structure is designed according to the laws of mechanical physics and spatial geometry and modeling the structure of a natural tree. This house is anti-earthquake, anti-flood and anti-storm and protects its residents against natural disasters. The use of shock-absorbing hydraulic jacks and a telescopic jack at the base of the house enables the structure to repel vibration caused by earthquakes and storms. The telescopic jack at the base of the house ups and downs the entire structure during floods. This house has almost all the facilities of an apartment except the natural gas. The use of double-glazed windows facing the sun allows the residents to enjoy the warmth of the sun in winter. The use of air conditioning system provides mild weather in all seasons. The electricity used in this house is supplied by solar panels installed at the highest part of this structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A complete understanding of the present invention may be obtained by reference to the accompanying drawing, when considered in conjunction with the subsequent detailed description, in which:

Figure 1 is the front view of the structure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The tree house is earthquake and flood resistant structure with the ability to detect natural disasters. The house consists of the following components: a square plan, LSF structure, a thick steel pillar, telescopic lifting jack, shock-absorbing hydraulic jacks, beams, oil tank, folding ladder stairs, standard round stairs around the center pillar and solar panel and double glazed windows.

All the structure stands on one column which can be elevated by a telescopic jack installed inside the column at the time of flood. At the time of earthquake or storm, shock absorbing hydraulic jacks repel the shocks to keep the structure stable. Stairs made of steel make the access to the floors possible from the ground level to the top floor. An oil tank provides the jacks with lubricating oil. Solar panels installed at the southern roof of the structure supply the power of the house. The double glazed windows supply the necessary lighting and heating of the interior part. Nine piles are used to transfer the load of the structure to the ground.

As you can see in the figures

Figure 1 shows the front view of the structure in which all the parts from the concrete foundation to the upper observable parts on the ground can be seen.

DESCRIPTION

Circular and square geometric parameters can be used in inventing a concrete or steel tree house. In this invention, having a glance at the structure of trees, the geometric parameter of a circle has been used to design the building (Fig.l). Inside the central column, telescopic lifting jacks 5 are used to lift structures in times of flood, and hydraulic shock-absorbing jacks 3 are used to deal with earthquakes and storms. In the present invention, the floor of the house is located at a height of 1.5 meters above the ground, and in times of flood, a hydraulic telescopic jack 5 raises the floor to a height of 2 meters; that is, 50 cm is added to the height of the structure. On the horizontal level, six hydraulic shock absorber jacks 3 are installed using the laws of mechanical physics to deal with earthquake and storm. Due to the use of telescopic columns, flexible hose pipe 13 has been used to drain the sewage of the house. This structure is made with a pyramidal shape with a square base with a total area of 69 meters in 3 floors (Figure 1). This building can accommodate 4 people. Concrete foundations 1 and 2 are designed according to the soil characteristics of each area. In the event of an earthquake, shock absorber hydraulic jacks 3 are used on the horizontal axis of the column to minimize the displacement of the building. The structure of the building consists of 9 iron beams designed to distribute the load on the structure evenly in order to create sufficient resistance. The entrance stairs of the building and the round stairs around the central pillar are made of stainless steel. Access to the floors is possible through stairs around the central axis of the structure. A small window 15 on the first floor is designed for air conditioning in the bathroom. The main windows 16 are designed in large dimensions in the walls. The light is supplied by windows 16 equipped with LED lamps. In this invention, only a domestic cable is used to transfer power. To supply electricity, based on the nature of the intended regions and climates, the structure is equipped with solar panels 9. Due to different regions and climates, the water used in the house can be supplied from air humidity, rainwater collection, or seawater treatment and desalination. The inner walls are covered with gypsum board 7 and the outer walls are covered with cement boards 8 or galvanized sheets. The space between gypsum board and cement board is insulated against noise, heat and moisture. Steel bolts and nuts are used to connect structural parts. In order to distribute the load of the building, the foundation of the structure which is in the form of a tree root is designed in the form of columns with an octagonal cross section. Nine piles are used to transfer the load of the structure to the ground. A 7 cm concrete cover has been used to insulate the foundation rebars. The total weight of this structure is about 3 tons. This invention has no gas piping.

Claims

4

Claims

What is claimed:

Claim 1: The tree house is earthquake and flood resistant with the ability to detect natural disasters. The house consists of the following components: a square plan, LSF structure, a thick steel pillar, telescopic lifting jack, shock-absorbing hydraulic jacks, beams, oil tank, folding ladder stairs, standard round stairs around the center pillar and solar panels.

Claim 2: According to claim 1, wherein this house consists of a metal structure mounted on a liftable steel column.

Claim 3: According to claim 2, wherein the vertical axis is a telescopic hydraulic lifting jack designed to raise and lower the entire structure at the time of a flood crisis. The ground floor is located 1.5 meters higher than ground surface, and in the event of a flood, a hydraulic telescopic jack raises the column to a height of 2 meters; that is, the hidden telescopic column becomes 50 cm longer in times of need based on the height of the flood.

Claim 4: According to claim 1, wherein shock- absorbing hydraulic jacks are designed to withstand the forces acting in an earthquake and storm crisis according to the laws of mechanical physics at a horizontal angle.

Claim 5: Based on claim 1, wherein the square plan is designed to withstand natural disasters and prevent waste of spaces.

Claim 6: Explaining claim 2, wherein the house has only one steel column designed with high thickness and low perimeter in order to be resistant to environmental stresses.

Claim 7: According to claim 1, wherein iron beams are used to support the LSF structure.

Claim 8: According to claim 3 and Claim 4, wherein the hydraulic oil tank is used to supply oil to the telescopic jack and hydraulic jacks in the structure.

Claim 9: According to claim 1, wherein folding ladders are for emergency entry and exit into the structure.

Claim 10: According to claim 1, wherein standard spiral staircases are made of steel around a central pillar and are centered around an axis from the center of the plan to access the upper floors.

Claim 11 : According to claim 1 , wherein solar panels are installed on the roof of the house and are used to supply electricity to the house. 5

Claim 12: The zoning of the interior spaces of the settlement is designed so as to benefit from favorable winds, proper ventilation and receiving the sun's heat in summer, preventing heat loss and air infiltration in winter and minimizing installation channels. Ground floor zoning includes entrance and utility room. The first floor area includes a kitchen, toilet and bathroom, and a living room. The zoning of the second floor includes the bedroom.

Claim 13: 25% of the wall surface of the rooms include double glazed windows. The windows are designed according to the direction of receiving sunlight and proper circulation of favorable winds for ventilation in the north-south edges. The window on the north edge is designed to ventilate the bathroom and toilet.

Claim 14: To reduce the contact surface of the structure with the ground, this house is designed as a single column structure that maximizes the resistance of the structure against natural disasters.

Claim 15: Explaining Claim 2, wherein by placing the structure at a height of 2 meters during floods by telescopic jacks, water does not enter the settlement.

Claim 16: The foundation of the structure is octagonal and a pile is placed at the bottom of the foundation for better transfer of load pressure to the ground and eight piles are placed under the sides of the octagonal foundation to transfer the pressures to the ground and increase the strength of the structure.

Claim 17: This house acts as a windbreak due to its special geometric shape. This structure has high resistance to wind and storm. No noise will be generated when the wind hits the structure.

Claim 18: In the design of this structure, the laws of mechanical physics have been followed and as a result, it is anti-earthquake.

Claim 19: The total weight of this structure is 3 tons and its total area is 69 meters on 3 floors and it is designed for accommodating 6 people.

Claim 20: Iron beams are designed in a way that the weight of the load does not accumulate in one place and the load of the structure is evenly distributed.