WO2022041364A1 - 一种电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法 - Google Patents

一种电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法 Download PDF

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WO2022041364A1
WO2022041364A1 PCT/CN2020/116988 CN2020116988W WO2022041364A1 WO 2022041364 A1 WO2022041364 A1 WO 2022041364A1 CN 2020116988 W CN2020116988 W CN 2020116988W WO 2022041364 A1 WO2022041364 A1 WO 2022041364A1
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control
voltage
control strategy
switching
value
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French (fr)
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李周
李亚洲
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Southeast University
Liyang Research Institute of Southeast University
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Southeast University
Liyang Research Institute of Southeast University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via high-voltage DC [HVDC] links; Arrangements for transfer of electric power between generators and networks via HVDC links
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/001—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies
    • H02J3/0014—Arrangements for handling faults or abnormalities, e.g. emergencies or contingencies for preventing or reducing power oscillations in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via high-voltage DC [HVDC] links; Arrangements for transfer of electric power between generators and networks via HVDC links
    • H02J2003/365—Reducing harmonics or oscillations in HVDC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2103/00—Details of circuit arrangements for mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2103/30—Simulating, planning, modelling, reliability check or computer assisted design [CAD] of electric power networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and relates to a control strategy smooth switching method of a voltage source converter.
  • VSC-HVDC voltage source converter
  • VSC-HVDC can supply power to passive networks, realize large-scale renewable energy grid integration, build multi-terminal DC grids, independently and quickly control active and reactive power, and achieve reverse power supply without voltage polarity reversal.
  • voltage source converters have gradually attracted attention as an important way for passive network power supply and new energy grid connection.
  • the present invention provides a method for smoothly switching the control strategy of the voltage source converter, which can ensure that the current control strategy is smoothly switched to the target control when the control target of the voltage source converter changes.
  • the strategy makes it unnecessary to block the converter when the control strategy is switched, and the whole process is fast and smooth, which can reduce the transient impact and improve the stability of the power system.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • a method for smooth switching of a control strategy of a voltage source converter comprising the following steps:
  • the control system collects the actual electrical value
  • the control system receives the control strategy switching signal
  • the control system adjusts the initial value of the proportional-integral regulator in the control loop, locks the setting value, modifies the control target and switches the control strategy at the same time.
  • the actual electrical quantities include the following values: three-phase AC voltage, AC current, active power and reactive power data collected from the common coupling point of the voltage source converter, and phase data collected by using a phase-locked loop. , the DC voltage data collected from the DC grid connection point.
  • control strategy includes a power and reactive power decoupling type control strategy and an active and reactive power non-decoupling type control strategy.
  • the initial value setting of the proportional-integral regulator in the step (4) includes the following steps:
  • U c and U S are the rms voltage at the outlet of the AC side of the converter station and the rms value of the AC voltage at the common connection point
  • v dreset and v qreset are the integrator setting values in d-axis control and the integral in q-axis control are the active and reactive powers injected at the common connection point
  • i sd and i sq are the dq-axis components of the AC side current of the converter station
  • X c is the commutation reactance of the converter station
  • R c is the equivalent resistance of the converter station.
  • the actual electrical quantity value includes at least: active power, reactive power and DC voltage reference value before control switching.
  • the active and reactive power decoupling control strategies include: a constant active and reactive power control strategy, a constant DC voltage and reactive power control strategy, a constant active power AC voltage control strategy, a constant DC voltage and AC voltage control strategy, and a DC voltage slope control strategy. .
  • the initial value setting of the proportional-integral regulator in the step (4) includes the following steps:
  • phase of the AC side voltage is tracked, the phase is maintained during switching, and the initial phase angle of the amplitude-phase control after switching is set.
  • the actual electrical value includes: the AC voltage amplitude before switching.
  • the active and reactive power non-decoupling control strategy includes an amplitude-phase control strategy.
  • the design of the scheme of the present invention is ingenious and reasonable. This scheme realizes that when the control strategy of the voltage source converter is switched, it is not necessary to block the converter. By setting the initial value of the proportional integrator in the control system and the reference value of the control strategy, the The fast and smooth switching process reduces the transient impact and ensures the smooth operation of the system.
  • the method of the present invention can prevent overcurrent and overvoltage in a transient state, and can achieve the control objective of the converter station in a steady state, while ensuring the rapidity of regulation.
  • the method of the present invention improves the stability of the voltage source type converter, improves the stability of the power system connected with the voltage source type converter, and can be widely used in the field of power electronics, such as the start-up process of the converter station, Response in the event of a converter station failure, and functional switching of the converter station, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for smooth switching of a control strategy of a voltage source converter provided by the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the control strategy frame diagram used by VSC (voltage source converter) in the present invention, wherein (a) is the active and reactive power decoupling type control frame of VSC, (b) is the amplitude and phase control frame of VSC;
  • Fig. 3 is to verify the double-ended VSC system simulation model diagram of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the dynamic simulation result diagram of the present invention switched to amplitude-phase control in the double-terminal VSC system model, wherein (a) is the PCC line voltage (effective value) and A-phase current (real-time value) of VSC1, (b) is PCC active power and reactive power of VSC1, (c) is the DC voltage and DC current of VSC1.
  • u ac AC voltage measurement value at PCC point
  • u acref AC voltage reference value at PCC point
  • P s active power measurement value at PCC point
  • P sref active power reference value at PCC point
  • Q s measured value of reactive power at PCC point
  • Q sref reference value of reactive power at PCC point
  • the voltage source converter control strategy referred to in the present invention includes power and reactive power decoupling type control and active and reactive power non-decoupling type control.
  • Active and reactive power decoupling control includes but is not limited to constant active and reactive power control, constant DC voltage and reactive power control, constant active power AC voltage control, constant DC voltage AC voltage control, DC voltage slope control, etc.
  • Active and reactive power non-decoupling control includes but is not limited to amplitude and phase control. The method for smooth switching of control strategies provided by the present invention is applicable to switching of these types of control strategies.
  • the method for smooth switching of the control strategy of the voltage source converter includes the following steps:
  • the control system collects the actual electrical values, specifically: collect the three-phase AC voltage, AC current, active power and reactive power data from the AC common coupling point of the voltage source converter, and use the phase-locked loop to collect the phase Data, collect DC voltage data from the DC grid connection point.
  • the control system is the existing control system of the voltage source converter, and the control system collects the actual electrical value at all times.
  • the control system receives the control strategy switching signal; this step can ensure that the current control strategy switching process of the system is the switching process of the system operation, such as switching from the amplitude and phase control to the constant active and reactive power control strategy, which can prevent erroneous control Switching of strategies.
  • the control system sets the initial value of the proportional-integral regulator in the control loop, then locks the set value, modifies the control objective, and switches the control strategy.
  • Figure 2(a) is a block diagram of active and reactive power decoupling control.
  • Different control objectives can be achieved by setting control parameters, including constant active and reactive power control, constant DC voltage reactive power control and DC voltage slope control and a series of An improved control strategy based on this extension.
  • control parameters including constant active and reactive power control, constant DC voltage reactive power control and DC voltage slope control and a series of An improved control strategy based on this extension.
  • the target control strategy after switching is active and reactive power decoupling control
  • it is necessary to maintain constant quantities during switching control including control target reference value, outer loop and inner ring
  • the integral value of the proportional integral link is as follows:
  • U c and U S are the rms voltage at the outlet of the AC side of the converter station and the rms value of the AC voltage at the common connection point
  • v dreset and v qreset are the integrator setting values in d-axis control and the integral in q-axis control device setting value.
  • Ps and Qs are the active and reactive power injected at the point of common connection (PCC point).
  • i sd and i sq are the dq-axis components of the AC side current of the converter station
  • X c is the commutation reactance of the converter station
  • R c is the equivalent resistance of the converter station.
  • FIG. 2(b) it is a block diagram of a typical amplitude-phase control.
  • the amplitude-phase control adopts indirect current control, and the active and reactive powers are coupled with each other.
  • the target control strategy after switching is amplitude and phase control
  • the amount that needs to remain unchanged during switching control is mainly AC voltage amplitude and phase.
  • the initial value setting method of the proportional-integral regulator is as follows:
  • phase tracking of the AC side voltage is carried out, the phase is maintained during switching, and the initial phase angle of the amplitude-phase control after switching is set to the phase angle before switching, and the set phase angle and The above-mentioned AC voltage amplitude can output the corresponding modulated wave.
  • the AC bus voltage is 500kV
  • the MMC AC voltage is 255kV
  • the DC voltage is ⁇ 250kV
  • the sub-module capacitance is 1000uF
  • the equivalent generator output is 700MW active power
  • the equivalent motor consumes 100MW of active power
  • the DC grid undertakes 600MW of output.
  • a power switching control signal is generated, and the constant active and reactive power control is switched to the amplitude and phase control, and the smooth switching method provided by the present invention is adopted.
  • PSCAD simulation is carried out to obtain the dynamic characteristics of the voltage source converter when the control strategy is switched.
  • the original constant active and reactive power control is switched to the amplitude-phase control
  • the VSC DC side voltage oscillates slightly from the original 502kV
  • the oscillation amplitude is about ⁇ 3kV
  • the DC current is hardly affected.
  • the rms value of the PCC voltage on the AC side of the VSC produces a small oscillation of ⁇ 2kV from 501kV
  • the AC current produces a small oscillation of ⁇ 0.15kA from 1kA
  • the active power produces an oscillation of ⁇ 40MW from 600MW.
  • the reactive power support changes from 0 to -10MVar.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法，包括：采集实际电气量值；接收到控制策略切换信号后确认当前控制策略；控制系统对控制环路中的比例积分调节器进行初值整定，锁定整定值，同时修改控制目标，切换控制策略。本发明能够在电压源型换流器的控制目标发生改变时，实现电压源型换流器控制策略的快速平滑切换，减小暂态冲击，提高电力系统的稳定性。本发明能够在暂态时防止过电流过电压，并在稳态时能够实现换流站的控制目标，同时保证调节快速性。

Description

一种电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法 技术领域
本发明属于电力电子技术领域，涉及一种电压源型换流器的控制策略平滑切换方法。
背景技术
基于电压源型换流器的高压直流输电技术(VSC-HVDC)作为智能电网中的一项重要技术，已经显现出其优于传统HVDC的特定优势。VSC-HVDC能够为无源网络供电，实现大规模可再生能源并网，构建多端直流电网，独立快速控制有功和无功功率，并且无需电压极性反转即可实现反向供电。随着光伏、风电等新能源并网以及无源网络供电的需求不断提高，电压源型换流器作为无源网络供电和新能源并网的一个重要途径，逐渐受到关注。
近年来，为了实现柔性直流电网的高灵活可控性，电压源型换流器控制目标更加复杂，控制策略更加多样化。在实现换流站的启动过程、换流站发生故障时的响应，以及换流站的功能切换等任务时，为了减小换流站的暂态冲击，同时保证较快调节速度，实现电力系统稳定的目的，传统方式采取闭锁换流器的方式减小暂态冲击。该方式在解锁时需对控制系统积分器清零，进行控制策略的重启，整个过程增加了调节时间，无法满足柔性直流输电高灵活可控性要求。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足，提供一种电压源型换流器的控制策略平滑切换方法，能够在电压源型换流器的控制目标发生改变时，保证当前控制策略平滑地切换为目标控制策略，使得控制策略切换时无需闭锁换流器，整个过程快速平滑，能够减小暂态冲击，提高电力系统的稳定性。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种电压源型换流器的控制策略平滑切换方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)控制系统采集实际电气量值；
(2)控制系统接收到控制策略切换信号；
(3)控制系统确认当前控制策略；
(4)控制系统对控制环路中的比例积分调节器进行初值整定，锁定整定值，同时修改控制目标，切换控制策略。
进一步的，所述实际电气量值包括以下值：从电压源型换流器公共耦合点处采集的三 相交流电压、交流电流、有功功率和无功功率数据，利用锁相环采集的相位数据，从直流并网点处采集的直流电压数据。
进一步的，所述控制策略包括功无功解耦类控制策略和有功无功不解耦类控制策略。
进一步的，当所述步骤(2)中需切换的目标控制策略为有功无功解耦类控制策略时，所述步骤(4)中比例积分调节器的初值整定包括如下步骤：
1)将即将达成的控制策略的电气量参考值设定为当前实际电气量值，整定外环积分器初值为实际电气量值；
2)将控制环路中，生成调制波电压的内环比例积分器初值进行整定，其整定公式如下：
Figure PCTCN2020116988-appb-000001
其中，U c和U S是换流站交流侧出口的电压有效值和公共连接点的交流电压有效值，v dreset和v qreset是d轴控制中的积分器整定值和q轴控制中的积分器整定值，P s和Q s是公共连接点处注入的有功功率和无功功率i sd和i sq是换流站交流侧电流的dq轴分量，X c是换流站的换流电抗，R c是换流站的等效电阻。
进一步的，所述实际电气量值至少包括：控制切换前的有功功率、无功功率和直流电压参考值。
进一步的，所述有功无功解耦类控制策略包括：定有功无功控制策略、定直流电压无功控制策略、定有功交流电压控制策略、定直流电压交流电压控制策略、直流电压斜率控制策略。
进一步的，当所述步骤(2)中需切换的目标控制策略为有功无功不解耦类控制策略时，所述步骤(4)中比例积分调节器的初值整定包括如下步骤：
1)将即将达成的控制策略的电气量参考值设定为当前实际电气量值，将控制环路中的比例积分器初值整定为实际电气量值；
2)在控制环路中，对交流侧电压进行相位跟踪，在切换时保持该相位，并对切换后的幅相控制初相角进行整定。
进一步的，所述实际电气量值包括：切换前的交流电压幅值。
进一步的，所述有功无功不解耦类控制策略包括幅相控制策略。
相对于现有技术，本发明的有益效果如下：
1.本发明方案设计巧妙合理，该方案实现在电压源型换流器控制策略切换时，无需闭锁换流器，通过整定控制系统中比例积分器的初值和整定控制策略的参考值，实现快速平滑的切换过程，减小暂态冲击，保证了系统的平稳运行。
2.本发明方法能够在暂态时防止过电流过电压，并在稳态时能够实现换流站的控制目标，同时保证调节快速性。
3.本发明方法提高了电压源型换流器的稳定性，提高了与电压源型换流器相连的电力系统的稳定性，可以广泛应用在电力电子领域，如换流站的启动过程、换流站发生故障时的响应，以及换流站的功能切换等领域。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法的原理图；
图2为本发明中VSC(电压源型换流器)使用的控制策略框架图，其中(a)为VSC的有功无功解耦类控制框架，(b)为VSC的幅相控制框架；
图3为验证本发明的双端VSC系统仿真模型图；
图4为在双端VSC系统模型中切换为幅相控制的本发明动态仿真结果图，其中(a)为VSC1的PCC线电压(有效值)和A相电流(实时值)，(b)为VSC1的PCC有功功率和无功功率，(c)为VSC1的直流电压和直流电流。
附图标记说明：
U dc—PCC点直流电压量测值；      U dcref—PCC点直流电压参考值；
u ac—PCC点交流电压量测值；      u acref—PCC点交流电压参考值；
P s—PCC点有功功率量测值；       P sref—PCC点有功功率参考值；
Q s—PCC点无功功率量测值；       Q sref—PCC点无功功率参考值。
具体实施方式
为了加深对本发明的认识和了解，下面结合附图对本发明进一步的说明和介绍。
实施例1：
参见图1、图2，本发明所指的电压源型换流器控制策略含有功无功解耦类控制和有功无功不解耦类控制。有功无功解耦类控制包括但不限于定有功无功控制，定直流电压无功控制，定有功交流电压控制，定直流电压交流电压控制，直流电压斜率控制等。有功无功不解耦类控制包括但不限于幅相控制等。本发明提供的控制策略平滑切换方法在这几类控制策略进行切换时均适用。
具体的说，本发明提供的电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法包括以下步骤：
(1)控制系统采集实际电气量值，具体为：从电压源型换流器交流公共耦合点处分别采集三相交流电压、交流电流、有功功率和无功功率数据，利用锁相环采集相位数据，从直流并网点处采集直流电压数据。控制系统为电压源型换流器既有控制系统，控制系统时刻采集实际电气量值。
(2)控制系统接收到控制策略切换信号；本步骤能够保证系统当前即将进行控制策略切换过程是系统运行的切换过程，如从幅相控制切换为定有功无功控制策略，可以防止错误的控制策略的切换。
(3)控制系统确认当前控制策略；
(4)控制系统对控制环路中的比例积分调节器进行初值整定，然后锁定整定值，同时修改控制目标，切换控制策略。
以下举例对比例积分调节器进行初值整定进行详细说明：
图2(a)为有功无功解耦类控制框图，通过对控制参数的设定可以实现不同的控制目标，包括定有功无功控制，定直流电压无功控制和直流电压斜率控制以及一系列以此为基础扩展的改进控制策略。本发明在切换后的目标控制策略为有功无功解耦控制时，为保证切换控制前后的平滑性与快速性，需要在切换控制时保持不变的量，包括控制目标参考值，外环和内环
Figure PCTCN2020116988-appb-000002
比例积分环节的积分值。其比例积分调节器初值整定方式具体如下：
1)将即将达成的控制策略的电气量参考值设定为当前实际电气量值，如控制切换前的有功功率、无功功率和直流电压参考值等，上述控制策略存在外环比例积分器，需相应地整定外环积分器初值为实际电气量值；实际电气量值实时采集。
2)将控制环路中，生成调制波电压的内环比例积分器初值进行整定，其整定公式如下：
Figure PCTCN2020116988-appb-000003
其中，U c和U S是换流站交流侧出口的电压有效值和公共连接点的交流电压有效值，v dreset和v qreset是d轴控制中的积分器整定值和q轴控制中的积分器整定值。P s和Q s是公共连接点(PCC点)处注入的有功功率和无功功率。i sd和i sq是换流站交流侧电流的dq轴分量，X c是换流站的换流电抗，R c是换流站的等效电阻。
参见图2(b)为一种典型幅相控制框图，该幅相控制采用间接电流控制，有功无功相互耦合。本发明在切换后的目标控制策略为幅相控制时，为保证切换控制前后的平滑性与快速性，需要在切换控制时保持不变的量，主要为交流电压幅值和相位。比例积分调节器初值整定方式具体如下：
1)将即将达成的控制策略的电气量参考值设定为当前实际电气量值。将控制环路中的比例积分器初值整定为实际电气量值，即切换前的交流电压幅值，实际电气量值实时采集。
2)在控制环路中，对交流侧电压进行相位跟踪，在切换时保持这个相位，对切换后的幅相控制初相角进行整定，整定为切换前的相角，通过整定的相角和上述交流电压幅值即可输出相应调制波。
应用实施例：
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，这是对本发明的举例解释而不是限定本发明只能采取以下实例。
参见图3为双端七电平电压源型换流器系统，交流母线电压为500kV、MMC交流电压为255kV，直流电压为±250kV，子模块电容为1000uF，等效发电机输出700MW有功功率，等效电动机消耗100MW有功功率，由直流电网承担600MW输出。在6s时产生功率切换控制信号，由定有功无功控制切换为幅相控制，并采用本发明提供的平滑切换方法。根据模型进行PSCAD仿真，获得电压源型换流器在控制策略切换时的动态特性。
参见图4，在6s控制策略切换后，由原本的定有功无功控制切换为幅相控制，VSC直流侧电压由原本的502kV产生小幅震荡，振荡幅度约为±3kV，直流电流几乎不受影响。VSC交流侧PCC电压有效值由501kV产生±2kV的小幅震荡，交流电流由1kA产生±0.15kA的小幅震荡，有功功率由600MW产生±40MW的震荡，无功支撑由0变为-10MVar。
在上述动态过程中，由于切换后的幅相控制存在较小无功支撑偏差，导致了小幅震荡，整个震荡过程大约持续1s，各电气量震荡幅度很小，体现了本发明具有良好的快速性和平滑性的特点，提高了电压源型换流器的稳定性，提高了与电压源型换流器相连的电力系统的稳定性。
需要说明的是，上述实施例仅仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并没有用来限定本发明的保护范围，在上述方案的基础上做出的等同替换或者替代，均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    (1)控制系统采集实际电气量值；
    (2)控制系统接收到控制策略切换信号；
    (3)控制系统确认当前控制策略；
    (4)控制系统对控制环路中的比例积分调节器进行初值整定，锁定整定值，同时修改控制目标，切换控制策略。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法，其特征在于，所述实际电气量值包括以下值：从电压源型换流器公共耦合点处采集的三相交流电压、交流电流、有功功率和无功功率数据，利用锁相环采集的相位数据，从直流并网点处采集的直流电压数据。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法，其特征在于，所述控制策略包括功无功解耦类控制策略和有功无功不解耦类控制策略。
  4. 根据权利要求1或3所述的电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法，其特征在于，当所述步骤(2)中需切换的目标控制策略为有功无功解耦类控制策略时，所述步骤(4)中比例积分调节器的初值整定包括如下步骤：
    1)将即将达成的控制策略的电气量参考值设定为当前实际电气量值，整定外环积分器初值为实际电气量值；
    2)将控制环路中，生成调制波电压的内环比例积分器初值进行整定，其整定公式如下：
    Figure PCTCN2020116988-appb-100001
    其中，U c和U S是换流站交流侧出口的电压有效值和公共连接点的交流电压有效值，v dreset和v qreset是d轴控制中的积分器整定值和q轴控制中的积分器整定值，P s和Q s是公共连接点处注入的有功功率和无功功率i sd和i sq是换流站交流侧电流的dq轴分量，X c是换流站的换流电抗，R c是换流站的等效电阻。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法，其特征在于，所述实际电气量值至少包括：控制切换前的有功功率、无功功率和直流电压参考值。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法，其特征在于，所述有 功无功解耦类控制策略包括：定有功无功控制策略、定直流电压无功控制策略、定有功交流电压控制策略、定直流电压交流电压控制策略、直流电压斜率控制策略。
  7. 根据权利要求1或3所述的电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法，其特征在于，当所述步骤(2)中需切换的目标控制策略为有功无功不解耦类控制策略时，所述步骤(4)中比例积分调节器的初值整定包括如下步骤：
    1)将即将达成的控制策略的电气量参考值设定为当前实际电气量值，将控制环路中的比例积分器初值整定为实际电气量值；
    2)在控制环路中，对交流侧电压进行相位跟踪，在切换时保持该相位，并对切换后的幅相控制初相角进行整定。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法，其特征在于，所述实际电气量值包括：切换前的交流电压幅值。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的电压源型换流器控制策略平滑切换方法，其特征在于，所述有功无功不解耦类控制策略包括幅相控制策略。
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