WO2022041050A1 - 一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路及保护方法 - Google Patents

一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路及保护方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022041050A1
WO2022041050A1 PCT/CN2020/111748 CN2020111748W WO2022041050A1 WO 2022041050 A1 WO2022041050 A1 WO 2022041050A1 CN 2020111748 W CN2020111748 W CN 2020111748W WO 2022041050 A1 WO2022041050 A1 WO 2022041050A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
resistor
pin
signal
capacitor
amplifier
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PCT/CN2020/111748
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨战民
易润忠
徐大专
张磊
陈勇
李隽诗
王婷
徐钊
毛宇鹏
Original Assignee
南京云天致信信息科技有限公司
南京远控健康科技有限公司
南京泰慧联电子科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022041050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022041050A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/045Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage adapted to a particular application and not provided for elsewhere

Definitions

  • the invention discloses a surge protection circuit and a protection method for a mobile base station of the Internet of Things, and belongs to the field of mobile base stations of the Internet of Things.
  • a base station a public mobile communication base station, is a form of surge protection circuit and protection method used in the Internet of Things mobile base station for a radio station.
  • a radio transceiver station that transmits information between them.
  • the construction of mobile communication base stations is an important part of the investment of my country's mobile communication operators.
  • the construction of mobile communication base stations is generally carried out around such elements as coverage, call quality, investment efficiency, ease of construction, and ease of maintenance.
  • the mobile base station in the prior art has a large workload, but when the weather is in thunderstorm weather, lightning and rain will greatly affect the transmission efficiency and stability of the signal. At the same time, due to thunderstorm, lightning strikes cannot be avoided.
  • the lightning rod can absorb most of the current, but the strong natural current will also cause damage to the mobile base station. It will cause a power surge for a long time, which will cause damage to the receiver and transmitter of the mobile base station. At the same time, the current will stabilize the transmission of the audio signal. noise, and clutter during transmission, which can cause damage to internal components in severe cases.
  • a surge protection circuit and a protection method for a mobile base station of the Internet of Things are provided to solve the above problems.
  • a surge protection circuit and a protection method for a mobile base station of the Internet of Things comprising:
  • the signal transmitting unit is used to send wireless signal instructions when the user is within the working range of a mobile base station, match through the mobile base station, and finally transmit data signals to the general base station through the transmitter
  • the signal receiving unit is used for sending out wireless signal instructions when the user is within the working range of a mobile base station, and the mobile base station receives the wireless signal sent by the user and the matching signal sent by the total base;
  • the data control unit is used for converting, stabilizing, and conditioning the received wireless signal, thereby outputting a stable wireless signal
  • the data storage unit is used to store the received wireless signal, so as to improve the matching speed without the next signal matching;
  • the interface unit is used for connecting the transmitter in the signal transmitting unit and the receiver in the signal transmitting unit to connect with the data control unit and perform stable transmission of the data signal.
  • the interface unit includes: a signal isolation module, a signal modulation module, and an amplitude limiting filter module;
  • the signal isolation module includes: diode D1, voltage regulator D2, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, adjustable resistor RV1, adjustable resistor RV3, adjustable resistor RV2, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, Resistor R4, Resistor R5, Photocoupler U4, Photocoupler U5, Amplifier U1A, Amplifier U2A, Amplifier U3A;
  • the positive input signal of the voltage regulator tube D2, the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube D2 is simultaneously connected to one end of the capacitor C2, the positive electrode of the diode D1 and the No. 2 pin of the amplifier U1A, and the amplifier U1A
  • the No. 3 pin is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the control end of the adjustable resistor RV2, and one end of the adjustable resistor RV2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C3, so The other end of the adjustable resistor RV2 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, and the No. 4 pin of the amplifier U1A is connected to the other end of the resistor R5 and the No. 4 pin of the optocoupler U5 at the same time and input. voltage, the No.
  • the No. 2 pin of the device U4 is connected with one end of the resistor R2, the No. 2 pin of the amplifier U2A and one end of the resistor R1 at the same time, and the No. 2 pin of the optocoupler U5 has the adjustable The control end of the resistor RV3 is connected to one end, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the adjustable resistor RV3 and one end of the adjustable resistor RV1 at the same time, and the No. 3 pin of the amplifier U2A is connected to the The control end of the adjustable resistor RV1 is connected, the other end of the adjustable resistor RV1 is input voltage, and the No. 1 pin of the amplifier U2A is connected to the other end of the resistor R1 and the No. 3 pin of the amplifier U3A at the same time. , the No. 2 pin and No. 1 pin of the amplifier U3A are connected and output a signal.
  • the signal modulation module includes: capacitor C7, capacitor C8, capacitor C9, capacitor C10, capacitor C11, resistor R17, resistor R16, adjustable resistor RV4, voltage regulator D11, resistor R21, resistor R20, resistor R21, capacitor C11, resistor R19, resistor R18, capacitor C14, capacitor C12, capacitor C13, oscillator U11, demodulator/modulator U10;
  • the No. 1 pin of the oscillator U11 is connected to one end of the capacitor C7, and the other end of the capacitor C7 inputs a signal, and is simultaneously connected to one end of the resistor 17 and No. 3 of the demodulator/modulator U10.
  • the pins are connected, the No. 2 pin of the oscillator U11 is connected to one end of the capacitor C8, and the No. 4 pin of the oscillator U11 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C8 and one end of the capacitor C9 at the same time.
  • the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the No. 9 pin of the oscillator U11, the No. 5 pin of the oscillator U11 is connected to one end of the capacitor C10, the demodulator/modulator U10
  • Pin 6 of the modulator U10 is connected to the other end of the resistor R19
  • pin 7 of the demodulator/modulator U10 is connected to one end of the capacitor C12
  • pin 10 of the demodulator/modulator U10 is connected to one end of the capacitor C12.
  • Pin No. 1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C14 and one end of the capacitor C13 at the same time and outputs a signal
  • the other end of the capacitor C14 is grounded
  • the other end of the resistor R21 is connected to the No. 8 pin of the oscillator U11 at the same time.
  • the pin, the other end of the capacitor C12 and the other end of the capacitor C13 are connected and input voltage.
  • the amplitude limiting filter module includes: resistor R9, resistor R10, resistor R11, transistor Q1, transistor Q2, transistor Q3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, resistor R12, capacitor C6, inductor L1, diode D8, Diode D9, Amplifier U8A, Amplifier U9A, Resistor R13, Resistor R14, Resistor R15, Diode D10, Zener D3, Diode D4, Diode D5, Amplifier U6A, Resistor R6, Resistor R7, Resistor R8, Amplifier U7A, Diode D6, diode D7;
  • One end of the resistor R9 inputs a signal
  • the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R9 and one end of the resistor R10 at the same time
  • the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the resistor R11
  • the emitter of the transistor Q1 is simultaneously connected to one end of the resistor R12 and the collector of the transistor Q2, the other end of the resistor R12 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R11 is simultaneously connected to the other end of the resistor R10
  • the base of the triode Q2 is connected with the collector of the triode Q3, the emitter of the triode Q2 is connected with one end of the capacitor C4, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is simultaneously connected with one end of the capacitor C5 and One end of the capacitor C6 is connected, the base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C5 and one end of the inductor L1 at the same time, and the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected to the other end of the in
  • 1 pin of the amplifier U8A is connected to the other end of the resistor R13 and the positive pole of the voltage regulator tube D3 at the same time, and the No. 3 pin of the amplifier U6A is simultaneously connected to the negative pole of the regulator tube D3 and the positive pole of the voltage regulator tube D3.
  • One end of the resistance R6 is connected, the No. 2 pin of the amplifier U6A is grounded, the No. 4 pin and the No. 8 pin of the amplifier U6A input voltage, and the No. 1 pin of the amplifier U6A is simultaneously connected with the resistance R6.
  • the other end of the diode D4, the cathode of the diode D4, the anode of the diode D5 and one end of the resistor R7 are connected, and the No.
  • 3 pin of the amplifier U7A is connected to the other end of the resistor R7 and the resistor R8 at the same time. One end is connected, the No. 2 pin of the amplifier U7A is grounded, the No. 4 pin and the No. 8 pin of the amplifier U7A input voltage, the No. 1 pin of the amplifier U7A is simultaneously connected with the other end of the resistor R8,
  • the anode of the diode D6 is connected to the anode of the diode D7 and outputs a signal, the anode of the diode D4 is input voltage, the cathode of the diode D5 is grounded, the cathode of the diode D6 is input voltage, and the cathode of the diode D7 ground.
  • the model of the oscillator U11 is ULN2209, and the model of the demodulator/modulator U10 is MC1496K.
  • a protection method for the surge protection circuit of the mobile base station of the Internet of Things When the mobile base station is working in thunderstorm weather, the lightning rod will absorb most of the current, and a small part of the current will flow into the base station, while the mobile base station is working , the general control terminal will issue a protection command, the specific steps are as follows:
  • Step 1 when the receiver of the mobile base station receives the protection instruction, the signal receiver and the signal transmitter change the traditional receiving and transmitting work, and transmit the received signal to the data control unit through the interface, and through the signal isolation module, Realize the one-way transmission of the signal, so that the input end and the output end are completely electrically isolated, and the output signal has no effect on the input end;
  • Step 2 the signal is input to the signal modulation module, and the purpose of transmitting information is realized by changing the amplitude of the output signal; the amplitude change of the high-frequency signal output at the modulation end has a certain functional relationship with the original signal, and the demodulation is performed at the demodulation end. Adjust and output the original signal;
  • Step 3 the signal is output to the limiting filter module, and the output signal is obtained by first amplifying and filtering the signal, and then outputting through the limiting circuit.
  • the limiting circuit can prevent the high-power signal from affecting the receiving system in normal operation. possible damage, and when the input voltage exceeds or falls below a certain reference value, the output voltage will be limited to a certain level, and will not change with the input voltage; thus, a stable signal can be effectively output.
  • the data control unit divides all the transmitted signals into finite groups for optimal design, and selects optimized signals with good orthogonal performance from them to be reserved to form a new set of transmitted signals; The orthogonal performance of every two signals in this set of transmitted signals is analyzed, and the hopping sequence of anti-jamming transmitted signals is designed according to the analysis results.
  • a delay of the latter transmitted signal will be performed, and the delay time is based on the weather conditions and an internally set working threshold;
  • isolation between each sub-transmission signal is performed, so that the interference between the signals can be reduced.
  • the present invention when a similar mobile base station works in thunderstorm weather, a strong current will be generated due to the lightning strike, so that part of the current cannot be absorbed.
  • the receiver receives the user signal, it is transferred to the data control unit through the interface, and at the same time, when the signal output is transmitted, it is output to the transmitter through the interface unit, which can increase the conversion time and buffering of the signal, so that the signal can be better stabilized. It can transmit stably in an environment with strong thunderstorm signal interference.
  • each transmission set will add a delay, and the sub-signals in each transmission set will be signal isolated, so as to achieve mutual communication between the signals. No interference; thus, the present invention protects the mobile base station and signal transmission from the damage caused by the electric surge generated by the lightning weather, and at the same time improves the transmission rate of the signal in bad weather.
  • Fig. 1 is the working flow chart of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an interface unit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a signal isolation module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an amplitude limiting filter module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a signal modulation module of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a working schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a signal transmission operation diagram of the present invention.
  • a surge protection circuit and a protection method for an IoT mobile base station include: a signal transmitting unit, a signal receiving unit, a data control unit, a data storage unit, and an interface unit ;
  • the interface unit includes: a signal isolation module, a signal modulation module, and an amplitude limiting filter module.
  • the signal isolation module includes: diode D1, voltage regulator D2, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, adjustable resistor RV1, adjustable resistor RV3, adjustable resistor RV2, resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, Resistor R4, Resistor R5, Photocoupler U4, Photocoupler U5, Amplifier U1A, Amplifier U2A, Amplifier U3A.
  • the positive electrode of the voltage regulator tube D2 is input with a signal, and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube D2 is simultaneously connected to one end of the capacitor C2, the positive electrode of the diode D1 and the No. 2 lead of the amplifier U1A.
  • the pin 3 of the amplifier U1A is connected to one end of the capacitor C1, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the control end of the adjustable resistor RV2, and one end of the adjustable resistor RV2 is connected to the One end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the adjustable resistor RV2 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, and the No. 4 pin of the amplifier U1A is connected to the other end of the resistor R5 and the photocoupler U5 at the same time.
  • the No. 3 pin of the photocoupler U5 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C3 and the other end of the capacitor C2 at the same time
  • the No. 1 pin of the amplifier U1A is connected to the same time.
  • the negative electrode of the diode D1 and one end of the resistor R4 are connected to the No. 1 pin of the optocoupler U4, the No. 8 pin of the amplifier U1A has an input voltage, and the No. 1 pin of the optocoupler 5 Connected to the other end of the resistor R4, the No. 2 pin of the optocoupler U4 is connected to one end of the resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded, and the No.
  • the No. 3 pin of the optocoupler U4 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, the No. 2 pin of the amplifier U2A and one end of the resistor R1 at the same time, and the No. 2 pin of the optocoupler U5
  • the pin is connected with the control end and one end of the adjustable resistor RV3, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the other end of the adjustable resistor RV3 and one end of the adjustable resistor RV1 at the same time.
  • the No. 3 pin is connected to the control end of the adjustable resistor RV1, the other end of the adjustable resistor RV1 is input voltage, and the No.
  • 1 pin of the amplifier U2A is connected to the other end of the resistor R1 and the amplifier at the same time.
  • the No. 3 pin of U3A is connected, and the No. 2 pin and No. 1 pin of the amplifier U3A are connected and output a signal.
  • the signal modulation module includes: capacitor C7, capacitor C8, capacitor C9, capacitor C10, capacitor C11, resistor R17, resistor R16, adjustable resistor RV4, voltage regulator D11, resistor R21, resistor R20, resistor R21, capacitor C11, resistor R19, resistor R18, capacitor C14, capacitor C12, capacitor C13, oscillator U11, demodulator/modulator U10;
  • the No. 1 pin of the oscillator U11 is connected to one end of the capacitor C7, and the other end of the capacitor C7 inputs a signal, and is simultaneously connected to one end of the resistor 17 and the demodulator /
  • the No. 3 pin of the modulator U10 is connected, the No. 2 pin of the oscillator U11 is connected to one end of the capacitor C8, the No. 4 pin of the oscillator U11 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C8 and the One end of the capacitor C9 is connected and grounded, the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected to the No. 9 pin of the oscillator U11, and the No. 5 pin of the oscillator U11 is connected to one end of the capacitor C10, so
  • the No. 3 pin of the modulator U10 is connected
  • the No. 2 pin of the oscillator U11 is connected to one end of the capacitor C8
  • the No. 4 pin of the oscillator U11 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C8 and the One end of the capacitor C9
  • 5 pin of the device U10 is connected to one end of the resistor R16 and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube D11 at the same time, the other end of the resistor R16 is connected to one end of the adjustable resistor RV4, and the voltage regulator tube D11
  • the positive pole of the resistor R17 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R17 is connected to the other end of the adjustable resistor RV4, the No. 14 pin of the demodulator/modulator U10 is connected to the control end of the adjustable resistor RV4 and the input voltage , the No. 11 pin of the demodulator/modulator U10 is connected to one end of the resistor R18, the other end of the resistor R18 is grounded, and the No.
  • the amplitude limiting filter module includes: resistor R9, resistor R10, resistor R11, transistor Q1, transistor Q2, transistor Q3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, resistor R12, capacitor C6, inductor L1, diode D8, Diode D9, Amplifier U8A, Amplifier U9A, Resistor R13, Resistor R14, Resistor R15, Diode D10, Zener D3, Diode D4, Diode D5, Amplifier U6A, Resistor R6, Resistor R7, Resistor R8, Amplifier U7A, Diode D6, diode D7;
  • a signal is input to one end of the resistor R9, the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R9 and one end of the resistor R10 at the same time, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R10.
  • One end of the resistor R11 is connected, the emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the resistor R12 and the collector of the transistor Q2 at the same time, the other end of the resistor R12 is grounded, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the same time.
  • the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C4, and the other end of the capacitor C4 is connected to the same time.
  • One end of the capacitor C5 is connected to one end of the capacitor C6
  • the base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C5 and one end of the inductor L1 at the same time
  • the other end of the capacitor C6 is connected to the The other end of the inductor L1 is connected and grounded
  • the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected to the anode of the diode D9 and the anode of the diode D8 at the same time, and the No.
  • 1 pin of the amplifier U8A is connected to the other end of the resistor R13 and the positive pole of the voltage regulator tube D3 at the same time, and the No. 3 pin of the amplifier U6A is simultaneously connected to the voltage regulator tube.
  • the negative pole of the pressure tube D3 is connected to one end of the resistor R6, the No. 2 pin of the amplifier U6A is grounded, the No. 4 pin and the No. 8 pin of the amplifier U6A input voltage, and the No. 1 lead of the amplifier U6A is connected to the ground.
  • the pin is connected to the other end of the resistor R6, the negative electrode of the diode D4, the positive electrode of the diode D5 and one end of the resistor R7 at the same time, and the No.
  • 3 pin of the amplifier U7A is connected to the other end of the resistor R7 at the same time. One end is connected with one end of the resistor R8, the No. 2 pin of the amplifier U7A is grounded, the No. 4 pin and the No. 8 pin of the amplifier U7A input voltage, and the No. 1 pin of the amplifier U7A is simultaneously connected to all pins.
  • the other end of the resistor R8, the anode of the diode D6 and the anode of the diode D7 are connected to output a signal, the anode of the diode D4 is input voltage, the cathode of the diode D5 is grounded, and the cathode of the diode D6 is input voltage , the cathode of the diode D7 is grounded.
  • the data control unit when signal transmission is performed, because part of the lightning current exists in the circuit, the data control unit divides all transmitted signals into finite groups for optimal design, and selects optimized signals with good quadrature performance from them. Reserved to form a new set of transmitted signals; analyze the orthogonal performance of each two signals in this set of transmitted signals, design the hopping sequence of anti-jamming transmit signals according to the analysis results, and use the probability and alternatives of the hopping sequence of transmitted signals to design The number of signals in the set is inversely proportional.
  • each transmit signal set perform the isolation between each sub-transmission signal, firstly perform the isolation between the sub-signal and other sub-signals in each transmit set, and select as many positive and negative signals as possible according to the isolation degree.
  • the signal with good cross performance will greatly improve the transmission stability when each sub-signal is transmitted.
  • the receiver When the receiver receives the signal and the control unit outputs the signal to the transmitter, it will transfer the output through the interface unit.
  • the signal isolation module in the interface unit receives the signal, because the part generated by the thunderstorm Tianyu is at this time.
  • the current cannot be absorbed and is introduced into the mobile base station circuit.
  • the received signal needs to be isolated from the current, so that the signal listens to the input signal isolation module of the voltage regulator tube D2.
  • the amplifier U1A receives the signal and performs operational amplification of the signal. Part of the current signal in the signal is input into the optocoupler U5 through capacitor C2 and capacitor C3 in parallel for primary isolation.
  • the adjustable resistor RV2 cooperates with the resistor R5 and the capacitor C1 to decouple the signal and adjust the isolation threshold.
  • the No. 1 lead of the amplifier U1A pin to output the signal to the photocoupler U4 for secondary isolation, so as to output a stable signal.
  • the signal is output to the amplifier U2A through the No. 3 pin of the photocoupler U4, and the resistor R2 and the resistor R1 are used to protect the components and pass the amplifier.
  • U2A forms the amplification path, and the signal follows the path formed by the amplifier U3A for output to the signal modulation module;
  • the signal is input through the No. 1 pin of the oscillator U11, and the signal frequency is adjusted through the oscillator U11, and is output through the No. 5 pin of the oscillator U11.
  • the working voltage is input through the No. 8 pin of the oscillator U11, and input To pins 5 and 3 of the demodulator/modulator U10, the resistor R17 and resistor R16 cooperate with the adjustable resistor RV4 to modulate the input voltage, the voltage regulator tube D11 is for protection, and the signal is input to the demodulator/modulator U10 for The signal is modulated, and is filtered and output to the limiting filter module through pin 10 of the demodulator/modulator U10;
  • the signal is input through the resistor R9, and the voltage dividing path formed by the resistor R10 and the resistor R9 is input to the transistor Q1.
  • the emitter of the transistor Q1 is input to the collector of the transistor Q1 as a switch at this time, and the transistor Q2 is amplified at this time, so that the capacitor C4 , capacitor C5, capacitor C6 and inductor L1 form a signal filter circuit to filter the clutter and input through the base of the transistor Q6, the emitter of the transistor Q6 is turned on at this time, and input to the amplifier U8A and amplifier U9A for amplification , diode D8 and diode D9 are used as switches to conduct conduction through the size of the signal flow.
  • the output value amplifier U9A is turned on through the diode D9 for amplification and buffering to the amplifier U8A for amplification and output to the amplifier U6A.
  • the amplifier U6A cooperates with diode D4 and diode D5 to form a primary amplifying and limiting circuit.
  • Diode D6 and diode D7 cooperate with amplifier U7A to form a secondary amplifying and limiting circuit for signal amplification and amplitude limiting.
  • a high-speed operational amplifier is used to improve the conversion rate; the input signal passes through The two-stage amplification and limiting are output to the data control unit and the transmitter to complete the signal surge protection.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路及保护方法,属于物联网移动基站领域;一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路及保护方法,包括:信号发射单元、信号接收单元、数据控制单元、数据存储单元、以及接口单元;接口单元包括:信号隔离模块、信号调制模块、以及限幅滤波模块;本发明通过接收器接收用户信号时,通过接口转入数据控制单元,同时在进行信号输出发射时,通过接口单元进行输出至发射器,这样可以增长信号的转换时间与缓存,从而可以更好的稳定信号,从而在雷雨信号干扰很强的环境中可以稳定传输,且在进行信号发射时,每个发射集合会增加一段延时,每个发射集合中的子信号会进行信号隔离,从而达到信号之间相互不干扰。

Description

一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路及保护方法 技术领域
本发明公开了一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路及保护方法,属于物联网移动基站领域。
背景技术
基站即公用移动通信基站是无线电台站的一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路及保护方法形式,是指在一定的无线电覆盖区中,通过移动通信交换中心,与移动电话终端之间进行信息传递的无线电收发信电台。移动通信基站的建设是我国移动通信运营商投资的重要部分,移动通信基站的建设一般都是围绕覆盖面、通话质量、投资效益、建设难易、维护方便等要素进行。随着移动通信网络业务向数据化、分组化方向发展,移动通信基站的发展趋势也必然是宽带化、大覆盖面建设及IP化。
现有技术中的移动基站工作量很大,但当天气处于雷雨天气时,此时雷电以及雨水会大大影响信号的传输效率和稳定性,同时由于雷雨,避免不了雷击,虽然利用移动基站外部的避雷针可以吸收大部分电流,但强大的自然电流也会对移动基站造成损坏,长时间的会引起电涌,,从而导致移动基站的接收器和发射器受到损坏,同时电流会音响信号的传输稳定性、以及传输时产生杂波,严重时导致内部的元器件损坏。
技术问题
提供一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路及保护方法,以解决上述问题。
技术解决方案
一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路及保护方法,包括:
信号发射单元,用于进行用户在一个移动基站的工作范围内时,发出无线信号指令,通过移动基站进行匹配,最后通过发射器向总基站发射数据信号
信号接收单元,用于进行用户在一个移动基站的工作范围内时,发出无线信号指令,移动基站进行接收用户发出的无线信号和接收总基极发出的匹配信号;
数据控制单元,用于进行接收无线信号的转换、稳定、以及调理,从而输出稳定的无线信号;
数据存储单元,用于进行接收无线信号的存储,从而未下次信号配合是,提高匹配速度;
接口单元,用于连接信号发射单元中的发射器和信号发射单元中的接收器进行与数据控制单元连接,且进行数据信号的稳定传输。
在一个实施例中,所述接口单元包括:信号隔离模块、信号调制模块、以及限幅滤波模块;
其中,所述信号隔离模块包括:二极管D1、稳压管D2、电容C1、电容C2、电容C3、可调电阻RV1、可调电阻RV3、可调电阻RV2、电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、电阻R4、电阻R5、光电耦合器U4、光电耦合器U5、放大器U1A、放大器U2A、放大器U3A;
所述稳压管D2的正极输入信号,所述稳压管D2的负极同时与所述电容C2的一端、所述二极管D1的正极和所述放大器U1A的2号引脚连接,所述放大器U1A的3号引脚与所述电容C1的一端连接,所述电容C1的另一端与所述可调电阻RV2的控制端连接,所述可调电阻RV2的一端与所述电容C3的一端,所述可调电阻RV2的另一端与所述电阻R5的一端连接,所述放大器U1A的4号引脚同时与所述电阻R5的另一端和所述光电耦合器U5的4号引脚连接且输入电压,所述光电耦合器U5的3号引脚同时与所述电容C3的另一端和所述电容C2的另一端连接,所述放大器U1A的1号引脚同时与所述二极管D1的负极、所述电阻R4的一端和所述光电耦合器U4的1号引脚连接,所述放大器U1A的8号引脚输入电压,所述光电耦合器5的1号引脚与所述电阻R4的另一端连接,所述光电耦合器U4的2号引脚与所述电阻R3的一端连接,所述电阻R3的另一端接地,所述光电耦合器U4的4号引脚输入电压,所述光电耦合器U4的3号引脚同时与所述电阻R2的一端、所述放大器U2A的2号引脚和所述电阻R1的一端连接,所述光电耦合器U5的2号引脚有所述可调电阻RV3的控制端和一端连接,所述电阻R2的另一端同时与所述可调电阻RV3的另一端和所述可调电阻RV1的一端连接,所述放大器U2A的3号引脚与所述可调电阻RV1的控制端连接,所述可调电阻RV1的另一端输入电压,所述放大器U2A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R1的另一端和所述放大器U3A的3号引脚连接,所述放大器U3A的2号引脚和1号引脚连接且输出信号。
在一个实施例中,所述信号调制模块包括:电容C7、电容C8、电容C9、电容C10、电容C11、电阻R17、电阻R16、可调电阻RV4、稳压D11、电阻R21、电阻R20、电阻R21、电容C11、电阻R19、电阻R18、电容C14、电容C12、电容C13、振荡器U11、解调/调制器U10;
所述振荡器U11的1号引脚与所述电容C7的一端连接,所述电容C7的另一端输入信号、且同时与所述电阻17的一端和所述解调/调制器U10的3号引脚连接,所述振荡器U11的2号引脚与所述电容C8的一端连接,所述振荡器U11的4号引脚同时与所述电容C8的另一端和所述电容C9的一端连接且接地,所述电容C9的另一端与所述振荡器U11的9号引脚连接,所述振荡器U11的5号引脚与所述电容C10的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的1号引脚同时与所述电容C10的另一端和所述电阻R20的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的2号引脚同时与所述电阻R20的另一端、所述电容C11的一端、所述电阻R21的一端和所述电阻R22的一端连接,所述电容C11的另一端与所述电阻R22的另一端连接且接地,所述解调/调制器U10的5号引脚同时与所述电阻R16的一端和所述稳压管D11的负极连接,所述电阻R16的另一端与所述可调电阻RV4的一端连接,所述稳压管D11的正极接地,所述电阻R17的另一端与所述可调电阻RV4的另一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的14号引脚与所述可调电阻RV4的控制端连接且输入电压,解调/调制器U10的11号引脚与所述电阻R18的一端连接,所述电阻R18的另一端接地,所述解调/调制器U10的13号引脚与所述电阻R19的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的6号引脚与所述电阻R19的另一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的7号引脚与所述电容C12的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的10 号引脚同时与所述电容C14的一端和所述电容C13的一端连接且输出信号,所述电容C14的另一端接地,所述电阻R21的另一端同时与所述振荡器U11的8号引脚、所述电容C12的另一端和所述电容C13的另一端连接且输入电压。
在一个实施例中,所述限幅滤波模块包括:电阻R9、电阻R10、电阻R11、三极管Q1、三极管Q2、三极管Q3、电容C4、电容C5、电阻R12、电容C6、电感L1、二极管D8、二极管D9、放大器U8A、放大器U9A、电阻R13、电阻R14、电阻R15、二极管D10、稳压管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、放大器U6A、电阻R6、电阻R7、电阻R8、放大器U7A、二极管D6、二极管D7;
所述电阻R9的一端输入信号,所述三极管Q1的基极同时与所述电阻R9的另一端和所述电阻R10的一端连接,所述三极管Q1的集电极与所述电阻R11的一端连接,所述三极管Q1的发射极同时与所述电阻R12的一端和所述三极管Q2的集电极连接,所述电阻R12的另一端接地,所述电阻R11的另一端同时与所述电阻R10的另一端、所述三极管Q2的基极和所述三极管Q3的集电极连接,所述三极管Q2的发射极与所述电容C4的一端连接,所述电容C4的另一端同时与所述电容C5的一端和所述电容C6的一端连接,所述三极管Q3的基极同时与所述电容C5的另一端和所述电感L1的一端连接,所述电容C6的另一端和所述电感L1的另一端连接且接地,所述三极管Q3的发射极同时与所述二极管D9的正极和所述二极管D8的正极连接,所述放大器U8A的2号引脚同时与所述电阻R13的一端和所述二极管D8的负极连接,所述放大器U9A的2号引脚同时与所述电阻R14的一端和所述二极管D9的负极连接,所述放大器U8A的3号引脚同时与所述电阻R14的另一端和所述二极管D10的负极连接,所述放大器U9A的1号引脚与所述二极管D10的正极连接,所述放大器U9A的3号引脚与所述电阻R15的一端连接,所述电阻R15的另一端接地,所述放大器U8A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R13的另一端和所述稳压管D3的正极连接,所述放大器U6A的3号引脚同时与所述稳压管D3的负极和所述电阻R6的一端连接,所述放大器U6A的2号引脚接地,所述放大器U6A的4号引脚和8号引脚输入电压,所述放大器U6A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R6的另一端、所述二极管D4的负极、所述二极管D5的正极和所述电阻R7的一端连接,所述放大器U7A的3号引脚同时与所述电阻R7的另一端和所述电阻R8的一端连接,所述放大器U7A的2号引脚接地,所述放大器U7A的4号引脚和8号引脚输入电压,所述放大器U7A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R8的另一端、所述二极管D6的正极和所述二极管D7的正极连接且输出信号,所述二极管D4的正极输入电压,所述二极管D5的负极接地,所述二极管D6的负极输入电压,所述二极管D7的负极接地。
在一个实施例中,所述振荡器U11的型号为ULN2209,所述解调/调制器U10的型号为MC1496K。
一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路的保护方法,当此时移动基站工作处于雷雨天气,此时避雷针会吸收大部分的电流,小部分电流会流入基站,同时移动基站在进行工作时,总控制端会发出保护指令,具体步骤如下:
步骤1、首先,当移动基站的接收器接收到保护指令时,此时信号接收器和信号发射器改变传统接收和发射工作,将接收的信号通过接口传输至数据控制单元,通过信号隔离模块,实现信号的单向传输,使输入端与输出端完全实现了电气隔离,输出信号对输入端无影响;
步骤2、其次信号输入信号调制模块,通过改变输出信号的振幅,来实现传送信息的目的;在调制端输出的高频信号的幅度变化与原始信号成一定的函数关系,在解调端进行解调并输出原始信号;
步骤3、最后将信号输出至限幅滤波模块,通过先进行信号的放大和滤波进行问输出信号,然后通过限幅电路进行输出,其中限幅电路可以防止高功率信号对正常工作中的接收系统可能造成的破坏,且当输入电压超过或低于某一参考值后,输出电压将被限制在某一电平,且再不随输入电压变化;从而可以有效的输出稳定信号。
在一个实施例中,当发射器接收信号进行发射时,数据控制单元将所有的发射信号分成有限组进行优化设计 ,分别从中选出正交性能好的优化信号保留, 构成新的发射信号集合;对于这一发射信号集合里每两个信号的正交性能进行分析,根据分析结果设计抗干扰发射信号跳变顺序。
在一个实施例中,根据每次发射信号的集合不同,在进行发射前一个信号时,会进行后一个发射信号的延时,延时的时间根据天气的情况和内部设置的工作阈值;同时在每一个发射信号集合中,进行每个子发射信号之间的隔离,从而可以减少信号之间的干扰。
有益效果
本发明通过相似移动基站在雷雨天气工作时,由于雷击的会产生强大的电流,从而会有部分电流无法吸收,此时在雷雨天气工作时,通过改变传统的信号直进直出方式,通过接收器接收用户信号时,通过接口转入数据控制单元,同时在进行信号输出发射时,通过接口单元进行输出至发射器,这样可以增长信号的转换时间与缓存,从而可以更好的稳定信号,从而在雷雨信号干扰很强的环境中可以稳定传输,同时在进行信号发射时,每个发射集合会增加一段延时,同时每个发射集合中的子信号会进行信号隔离,从而达到信号之间相互不干扰;从而本发明保护了雷电天气产生的电涌对移动基站和信号传输的危害,同时提高了信号在恶劣天气中的传输速率。
附图说明
图1是本发明的工作流程图。
图2是本发明的接口单元电路图。
图3是本发明的信号隔离模块电路图。
图4是本发明的限幅滤波模块电路图。
图5是本发明的信号调制模块电路图。
图6是本发明的工作示意图。
图7是本发明的信号发射工作图。
本发明的实施方式
如图1所示,在该实施例中,一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路及保护方法,包括:信号发射单元、信号接收单元、数据控制单元、数据存储单元、以及接口单元;接口单元包括:信号隔离模块、信号调制模块、以及限幅滤波模块。
如图3所示,信号隔离模块包括:二极管D1、稳压管D2、电容C1、电容C2、电容C3、可调电阻RV1、可调电阻RV3、可调电阻RV2、电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、电阻R4、电阻R5、光电耦合器U4、光电耦合器U5、放大器U1A、放大器U2A、放大器U3A。
在进一步的实施例中,所述稳压管D2的正极输入信号,所述稳压管D2的负极同时与所述电容C2的一端、所述二极管D1的正极和所述放大器U1A的2号引脚连接,所述放大器U1A的3号引脚与所述电容C1的一端连接,所述电容C1的另一端与所述可调电阻RV2的控制端连接,所述可调电阻RV2的一端与所述电容C3的一端,所述可调电阻RV2的另一端与所述电阻R5的一端连接,所述放大器U1A的4号引脚同时与所述电阻R5的另一端和所述光电耦合器U5的4号引脚连接且输入电压,所述光电耦合器U5的3号引脚同时与所述电容C3的另一端和所述电容C2的另一端连接,所述放大器U1A的1号引脚同时与所述二极管D1的负极、所述电阻R4的一端和所述光电耦合器U4的1号引脚连接,所述放大器U1A的8号引脚输入电压,所述光电耦合器5的1号引脚与所述电阻R4的另一端连接,所述光电耦合器U4的2号引脚与所述电阻R3的一端连接,所述电阻R3的另一端接地,所述光电耦合器U4的4号引脚输入电压,所述光电耦合器U4的3号引脚同时与所述电阻R2的一端、所述放大器U2A的2号引脚和所述电阻R1的一端连接,所述光电耦合器U5的2号引脚有所述可调电阻RV3的控制端和一端连接,所述电阻R2的另一端同时与所述可调电阻RV3的另一端和所述可调电阻RV1的一端连接,所述放大器U2A的3号引脚与所述可调电阻RV1的控制端连接,所述可调电阻RV1的另一端输入电压,所述放大器U2A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R1的另一端和所述放大器U3A的3号引脚连接,所述放大器U3A的2号引脚和1号引脚连接且输出信号。
如图5所示,所述信号调制模块包括:电容C7、电容C8、电容C9、电容C10、电容C11、电阻R17、电阻R16、可调电阻RV4、稳压D11、电阻R21、电阻R20、电阻R21、电容C11、电阻R19、电阻R18、电容C14、电容C12、电容C13、振荡器U11、解调/调制器U10;
在进一步的实施例中,所述振荡器U11的1号引脚与所述电容C7的一端连接,所述电容C7的另一端输入信号、且同时与所述电阻17的一端和所述解调/调制器U10的3号引脚连接,所述振荡器U11的2号引脚与所述电容C8的一端连接,所述振荡器U11的4号引脚同时与所述电容C8的另一端和所述电容C9的一端连接且接地,所述电容C9的另一端与所述振荡器U11的9号引脚连接,所述振荡器U11的5号引脚与所述电容C10的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的1号引脚同时与所述电容C10的另一端和所述电阻R20的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的2号引脚同时与所述电阻R20的另一端、所述电容C11的一端、所述电阻R21的一端和所述电阻R22的一端连接,所述电容C11的另一端与所述电阻R22的另一端连接且接地,所述解调/调制器U10的5号引脚同时与所述电阻R16的一端和所述稳压管D11的负极连接,所述电阻R16的另一端与所述可调电阻RV4的一端连接,所述稳压管D11的正极接地,所述电阻R17的另一端与所述可调电阻RV4的另一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的14号引脚与所述可调电阻RV4的控制端连接且输入电压,解调/调制器U10的11号引脚与所述电阻R18的一端连接,所述电阻R18的另一端接地,所述解调/调制器U10的13号引脚与所述电阻R19的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的6号引脚与所述电阻R19的另一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的7号引脚与所述电容C12的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的10 号引脚同时与所述电容C14的一端和所述电容C13的一端连接且输出信号,所述电容C14的另一端接地,所述电阻R21的另一端同时与所述振荡器U11的8号引脚、所述电容C12的另一端和所述电容C13的另一端连接且输入电压。
如图4所示,所述限幅滤波模块包括:电阻R9、电阻R10、电阻R11、三极管Q1、三极管Q2、三极管Q3、电容C4、电容C5、电阻R12、电容C6、电感L1、二极管D8、二极管D9、放大器U8A、放大器U9A、电阻R13、电阻R14、电阻R15、二极管D10、稳压管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、放大器U6A、电阻R6、电阻R7、电阻R8、放大器U7A、二极管D6、二极管D7;
在进一步的实施例中,所述电阻R9的一端输入信号,所述三极管Q1的基极同时与所述电阻R9的另一端和所述电阻R10的一端连接,所述三极管Q1的集电极与所述电阻R11的一端连接,所述三极管Q1的发射极同时与所述电阻R12的一端和所述三极管Q2的集电极连接,所述电阻R12的另一端接地,所述电阻R11的另一端同时与所述电阻R10的另一端、所述三极管Q2的基极和所述三极管Q3的集电极连接,所述三极管Q2的发射极与所述电容C4的一端连接,所述电容C4的另一端同时与所述电容C5的一端和所述电容C6的一端连接,所述三极管Q3的基极同时与所述电容C5的另一端和所述电感L1的一端连接,所述电容C6的另一端和所述电感L1的另一端连接且接地,所述三极管Q3的发射极同时与所述二极管D9的正极和所述二极管D8的正极连接,所述放大器U8A的2号引脚同时与所述电阻R13的一端和所述二极管D8的负极连接,所述放大器U9A的2号引脚同时与所述电阻R14的一端和所述二极管D9的负极连接,所述放大器U8A的3号引脚同时与所述电阻R14的另一端和所述二极管D10的负极连接,所述放大器U9A的1号引脚与所述二极管D10的正极连接,所述放大器U9A的3号引脚与所述电阻R15的一端连接,所述电阻R15的另一端接地,所述放大器U8A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R13的另一端和所述稳压管D3的正极连接,所述放大器U6A的3号引脚同时与所述稳压管D3的负极和所述电阻R6的一端连接,所述放大器U6A的2号引脚接地,所述放大器U6A的4号引脚和8号引脚输入电压,所述放大器U6A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R6的另一端、所述二极管D4的负极、所述二极管D5的正极和所述电阻R7的一端连接,所述放大器U7A的3号引脚同时与所述电阻R7的另一端和所述电阻R8的一端连接,所述放大器U7A的2号引脚接地,所述放大器U7A的4号引脚和8号引脚输入电压,所述放大器U7A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R8的另一端、所述二极管D6的正极和所述二极管D7的正极连接且输出信号,所述二极管D4的正极输入电压,所述二极管D5的负极接地,所述二极管D6的负极输入电压,所述二极管D7的负极接地。
在进一步的实施例中,当进行信号发射时,此时因为部分雷击电流存在电路中,所以数据控制单元将所有的发射信号分成有限组进行优化设计,分别从中选出正交性能好的优化信号保留, 构成新的发射信号集合;对于这一发射信号集合里每两个信号的正交性能进行分析,根据分析结果设计抗干扰发射信号跳变顺序,通过发射信号跳变顺序的概率与备选集中的信号个数成反比,备选集合信号个数越多,抗干扰的有效概率越大,从而将第一个发射信号和抗干扰信号备选集构成一个新的集合,记为发射信号集合;其中对于每一个小的发射信号集, 使小集合当中的信号之间正交性尽可能好,从而得到的发射信号集合中所有信号之间的正交性,。
在进一步的实施例中,根据每次发射信号的集合不同,在进行发射前一个信号时,会进行后一个发射信号的延时,延时的时间根据天气的情况和内部设置的工作阈值;同时在每一个发射信号集合中,进行每个子发射信号之间的隔离,先进行每个发射集合中的子信号和其他子信号之间的隔离度,依据隔离度来挑选出尽可能多的与其正交性性能好的信号,从而在每一个子信号发射时,会大大提高传输的稳定性。
工作原理:当接收器接收到信号和控制单元进行输出信号至发射器时,会通过接口单元进行转接输出,此时接口单元中的信号隔离模块进行接收信号,因为此时雷雨天宇产生的部分电流无法吸收,传入移动基站电路中,此时接收信号需要与电流进行隔离,从而信号听过稳压管D2输入信号隔离模块,同时放大器U1A此时接收信号并将进行信号的运算放大,而信号中的部分电流信号通过电容C2与电容C3并联输入光电耦合器U5进行一次隔离,此时可调电阻RV2配合电阻R5和电容C1进行信号去耦和调节隔离的阈值,放大器U1A的1号引脚进行输出信号至光电耦合器U4进行二次隔离,从而输出稳定的信号,同时信号通过光电耦合器U4的3号引脚进行输出至放大器U2A,电阻R2和电阻R1进行保护元器件,通过放大器U2A组成放大之路,且通过放大器U3A组成信号跟随之路进行输出至信号调制模块;
信号通过振荡器U11的1号引脚输入,通过振荡器U11内部进行信号频率调节,且通过振荡器U11的5号引脚输出,同时工作电压通过振荡器U11的8号引脚输入、且输入至解调/调制器U10的5号引脚和3号引脚,其中电阻R17、电阻R16配合可调电阻RV4进行调制输入电压,稳压管D11进行保护,信号输入解调/调制器U10进行信号调制,且通过解调/调制器U10的10号引脚进行滤波输出至限幅滤波模块;
信号通过电阻R9输入,通电阻R10与电阻R9组成分压之路进行输入三极管Q1,三极管Q1的发射极此时作为开关进行输入至三极管Q1的集电极,三极管Q2此时进行放大,从而电容C4、电容C5、电容C6和电感L1组成信号滤波电路,对信号进行滤波杂波、且通过三极管Q6的基极输入,三极管Q6的发射极此时导通,输入至放大器U8A、和放大器U9A进行放大,二极管D8和二极管D9作为开关,通过信号流量的大小进行导通,当信号流量过大时,通过二极管D9导通输出值放大器U9A进行放大缓冲至放大器U8A进行放大输出至放大器U6A,此时放大器U6A配合二极管D4二极管D5组成一次放大限幅电路,二极管D6、二极管D7配合放大器U7A组成二次放大限幅电路,进行信号放大及限幅,采用高速运算放大器,从而提高转换速率;输入的信号通过两级放大及限幅进行输出至数据控制单元和发射器,从而完成信号电涌保护。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复,本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路,其特征在于,包括:
    信号发射单元,用于进行用户在一个移动基站的工作范围内时,发出无线信号指令,通过基站进行匹配,通过发射器向总基站发射数据信号
    信号接收单元,用于进行用户在一个移动基站的工作范围内时,发出无线信号指令,移动基站进行接收用户发出的无线信号和接收总基极发出的匹配信号;
    数据控制单元,用于进行接收无线信号的转换、稳定、以及调理,从而输出稳定的无线信号;
    数据存储单元,用于进行接收无线信号的存储,从而未下次信号配合是,提高匹配速度;
    接口单元,用于连接信号发射单元中的发射器和信号发射单元中的接收器进行与数据控制单元连接,且进行数据信号的稳定传输。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路,其特征在于,所述接口单元包括:信号隔离模块、信号调制模块、以及限幅滤波模块;
    其中,所述信号隔离模块包括:二极管D1、稳压管D2、电容C1、电容C2、电容C3、可调电阻RV1、可调电阻RV3、可调电阻RV2、电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、电阻R4、电阻R5、光电耦合器U4、光电耦合器U5、放大器U1A、放大器U2A、放大器U3A;
    所述稳压管D2的正极输入信号,所述稳压管D2的负极同时与所述电容C2的一端、所述二极管D1的正极和所述放大器U1A的2号引脚连接,所述放大器U1A的3号引脚与所述电容C1的一端连接,所述电容C1的另一端与所述可调电阻RV2的控制端连接,所述可调电阻RV2的一端与所述电容C3的一端,所述可调电阻RV2的另一端与所述电阻R5的一端连接,所述放大器U1A的4号引脚同时与所述电阻R5的另一端和所述光电耦合器U5的4号引脚连接且输入电压,所述光电耦合器U5的3号引脚同时与所述电容C3的另一端和所述电容C2的另一端连接,所述放大器U1A的1号引脚同时与所述二极管D1的负极、所述电阻R4的一端和所述光电耦合器U4的1号引脚连接,所述放大器U1A的8号引脚输入电压,所述光电耦合器5的1号引脚与所述电阻R4的另一端连接,所述光电耦合器U4的2号引脚与所述电阻R3的一端连接,所述电阻R3的另一端接地,所述光电耦合器U4的4号引脚输入电压,所述光电耦合器U4的3号引脚同时与所述电阻R2的一端、所述放大器U2A的2号引脚和所述电阻R1的一端连接,所述光电耦合器U5的2号引脚有所述可调电阻RV3的控制端和一端连接,所述电阻R2的另一端同时与所述可调电阻RV3的另一端和所述可调电阻RV1的一端连接,所述放大器U2A的3号引脚与所述可调电阻RV1的控制端连接,所述可调电阻RV1的另一端输入电压,所述放大器U2A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R1的另一端和所述放大器U3A的3号引脚连接,所述放大器U3A的2号引脚和1号引脚连接且输出信号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路,其特征在于,所述信号调制模块包括:电容C7、电容C8、电容C9、电容C10、电容C11、电阻R17、电阻R16、可调电阻RV4、稳压D11、电阻R21、电阻R20、电阻R21、电容C11、电阻R19、电阻R18、电容C14、电容C12、电容C13、振荡器U11、解调/调制器U10;
    所述振荡器U11的1号引脚与所述电容C7的一端连接,所述电容C7的另一端输入信号、且同时与所述电阻17的一端和所述解调/调制器U10的3号引脚连接,所述振荡器U11的2号引脚与所述电容C8的一端连接,所述振荡器U11的4号引脚同时与所述电容C8的另一端和所述电容C9的一端连接且接地,所述电容C9的另一端与所述振荡器U11的9号引脚连接,所述振荡器U11的5号引脚与所述电容C10的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的1号引脚同时与所述电容C10的另一端和所述电阻R20的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的2号引脚同时与所述电阻R20的另一端、所述电容C11的一端、所述电阻R21的一端和所述电阻R22的一端连接,所述电容C11的另一端与所述电阻R22的另一端连接且接地,所述解调/调制器U10的5号引脚同时与所述电阻R16的一端和所述稳压管D11的负极连接,所述电阻R16的另一端与所述可调电阻RV4的一端连接,所述稳压管D11的正极接地,所述电阻R17的另一端与所述可调电阻RV4的另一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的14号引脚与所述可调电阻RV4的控制端连接且输入电压,解调/调制器U10的11号引脚与所述电阻R18的一端连接,所述电阻R18的另一端接地,所述解调/调制器U10的13号引脚与所述电阻R19的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的6号引脚与所述电阻R19的另一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的7号引脚与所述电容C12的一端连接,所述解调/调制器U10的10 号引脚同时与所述电容C14的一端和所述电容C13的一端连接且输出信号,所述电容C14的另一端接地,所述电阻R21的另一端同时与所述振荡器U11的8号引脚、所述电容C12的另一端和所述电容C13的另一端连接且输入电压。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路,其特征在于,所述限幅滤波模块包括:电阻R9、电阻R10、电阻R11、三极管Q1、三极管Q2、三极管Q3、电容C4、电容C5、电阻R12、电容C6、电感L1、二极管D8、二极管D9、放大器U8A、放大器U9A、电阻R13、电阻R14、电阻R15、二极管D10、稳压管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、放大器U6A、电阻R6、电阻R7、电阻R8、放大器U7A、二极管D6、二极管D7;
    所述电阻R9的一端输入信号,所述三极管Q1的基极同时与所述电阻R9的另一端和所述电阻R10的一端连接,所述三极管Q1的集电极与所述电阻R11的一端连接,所述三极管Q1的发射极同时与所述电阻R12的一端和所述三极管Q2的集电极连接,所述电阻R12的另一端接地,所述电阻R11的另一端同时与所述电阻R10的另一端、所述三极管Q2的基极和所述三极管Q3的集电极连接,所述三极管Q2的发射极与所述电容C4的一端连接,所述电容C4的另一端同时与所述电容C5的一端和所述电容C6的一端连接,所述三极管Q3的基极同时与所述电容C5的另一端和所述电感L1的一端连接,所述电容C6的另一端和所述电感L1的另一端连接且接地,所述三极管Q3的发射极同时与所述二极管D9的正极和所述二极管D8的正极连接,所述放大器U8A的2号引脚同时与所述电阻R13的一端和所述二极管D8的负极连接,所述放大器U9A的2号引脚同时与所述电阻R14的一端和所述二极管D9的负极连接,所述放大器U8A的3号引脚同时与所述电阻R14的另一端和所述二极管D10的负极连接,所述放大器U9A的1号引脚与所述二极管D10的正极连接,所述放大器U9A的3号引脚与所述电阻R15的一端连接,所述电阻R15的另一端接地,所述放大器U8A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R13的另一端和所述稳压管D3的正极连接,所述放大器U6A的3号引脚同时与所述稳压管D3的负极和所述电阻R6的一端连接,所述放大器U6A的2号引脚接地,所述放大器U6A的4号引脚和8号引脚输入电压,所述放大器U6A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R6的另一端、所述二极管D4的负极、所述二极管D5的正极和所述电阻R7的一端连接,所述放大器U7A的3号引脚同时与所述电阻R7的另一端和所述电阻R8的一端连接,所述放大器U7A的2号引脚接地,所述放大器U7A的4号引脚和8号引脚输入电压,所述放大器U7A的1号引脚同时与所述电阻R8的另一端、所述二极管D6的正极和所述二极管D7的正极连接且输出信号,所述二极管D4的正极输入电压,所述二极管D5的负极接地,所述二极管D6的负极输入电压,所述二极管D7的负极接地。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路,其特征在于,所述振荡器U11的型号为ULN2209,所述解调/调制器U10的型号为MC1496K。
  6. 一种根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路的保护方法,其特征在于,当此时移动基站工作处于雷雨天气,此时避雷针会吸收大部分的电流,小部分电流会流入基站,同时移动基站在进行工作时,总控制端会发出保护指令,具体步骤如下:
    步骤1、首先,当移动基站的接收器接收到保护指令时,此时信号接收器和信号发射器改变传统接收和发射工作,将接收的信号通过接口传输至数据控制单元,通过信号隔离模块,实现信号的单向传输,使输入端与输出端完全实现了电气隔离,输出信号对输入端无影响;
    步骤2、其次信号输入信号调制模块,通过改变输出信号的振幅,来实现传送信息的目的;在调制端输出的高频信号的幅度变化与原始信号成一定的函数关系,在解调端进行解调并输出原始信号;
    步骤3、最后将信号输出至限幅滤波模块,通过先进行信号的放大和滤波进行问输出信号,然后通过限幅电路进行输出,其中限幅电路可以防止高功率信号对正常工作中的接收系统可能造成的破坏,且当输入电压超过或低于某一参考值后,输出电压将被限制在某一电平,且再不随输入电压变化;从而可以有效的输出稳定信号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路的保护方法,其特征在于,当发射器接收信号进行发射时,数据控制单元将所有的发射信号分成有限组进行优化设计 ,分别从中选出正交性能好的优化信号保留, 构成新的发射信号集合;对于这一发射信号集合里每两个信号的正交性能进行分析,根据分析结果设计抗干扰发射信号跳变顺序。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种用于物联网移动基站的电涌保护电路的保护方法,其特征在于,根据每次发射信号的集合不同,在进行发射前一个信号时,会进行后一个发射信号的延时,延时的时间根据天气的情况和内部设置的工作阈值;同时在每一个发射信号集合中,进行每个子发射信号之间的隔离,从而可以减少信号之间的干扰。
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