WO2022036994A1 - Unité de déphaseur, déphaseur et antenne réseau - Google Patents

Unité de déphaseur, déphaseur et antenne réseau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022036994A1
WO2022036994A1 PCT/CN2020/142328 CN2020142328W WO2022036994A1 WO 2022036994 A1 WO2022036994 A1 WO 2022036994A1 CN 2020142328 W CN2020142328 W CN 2020142328W WO 2022036994 A1 WO2022036994 A1 WO 2022036994A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
feeder
phase shifter
main
coupling
layer
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PCT/CN2020/142328
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
江文
罗万
苏国生
黄明达
Original Assignee
京信通信技术(广州)有限公司
京信射频技术(广州)有限公司
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Publication of WO2022036994A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022036994A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of mobile communication, and in particular, to a phase shifter unit, a phase shifter and an array antenna.
  • the operating frequency of the communication system is getting higher and higher, and the integration level of the mobile communication system is also getting higher and higher, such as the cascading of the antenna and the calibration network, the integration of the antenna and the filter, and the integration of the antenna and the filter.
  • Integration with phase shifters, and antenna integration with filters and phase shifters, etc. This requires the phase shifter to be small in size, with broadband characteristics and with a large amount of phase shift, so that the broadband antenna can achieve a large phase shift angle in the broadband range.
  • ESC antennas have obvious advantages, which can reduce the number of TR components in the vertical plane, thereby reducing costs.
  • the phase shifter is the core component of the ESC base station antenna.
  • the performance of the phase shifter directly determines the performance of the ESC antenna, which in turn affects the quality of network coverage. Therefore, the phase shifter is very important in the field of base station antennas.
  • phase shifter two methods are mainly used to realize the phase shift. One is achieved by changing the electrical length of the path of the signal in the phase shifter; the other is by moving the medium in the phase shifter to change the propagation rate of the signal in the phase shifter, so that the phase-shifted
  • the signal output by the device forms a continuous linear phase difference, thereby realizing phase shifting.
  • the U-shaped phase shifter cannot perform impedance matching in the case of a wide frequency band and a large phase shift amount.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to solve the problem that the existing phase shifter cannot perform impedance matching in the case of a wide frequency band and a large phase shift amount.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a phase shifter unit, a phase shifter and an array antenna.
  • phase shifter unit comprising:
  • a main feeder board comprising a first dielectric substrate and a feeder layer located on one side surface of the first dielectric substrate, the feeder layer including a main feeder and a matching branch line;
  • a coupling plate comprising a second dielectric substrate and a coupling layer located on one side surface of the second dielectric substrate, the coupling layer including a coupling feeder;
  • the coupling layer and the feeder layer are disposed opposite to and insulated from each other, the coupling plate and the main feeder can move relative to each other, and during the relative movement, the overlapping area of the coupling feeder and the main feeder changes, and in the case that the coupled feeder and the main feeder overlap, the overlapping state of the coupled feeder and the matching branch line can be changed, and the overlapping state includes overlapping or non-overlapping .
  • the coupled feeder is U-shaped
  • the main feeder includes an input main feeder and an output main feeder that are parallel to each other, and the coupled feeder can cover part of the main feeder.
  • the matching branch line is located between the input main feeder and the extension line of the output main feeder, and in the extension direction of the input main feeder, the matching branch line and the main feeder are arranged at intervals.
  • the matching branch line is located on the side of the main feeder away from the input port/output port of the main feeder.
  • the graph formed by the matching branch line is a bar, a polygon or a circle.
  • the matching branch line includes at least one matching branch line segment.
  • the coupling plate is in contact with the main feed plate.
  • the phase shifter unit further includes a pressing block for pressing the coupling plate on the main feed plate and driving the coupling plate to move.
  • the pressing block includes an upper pressing block and a lower pressing block;
  • the main feeder plate is provided with two guide rail grooves that penetrate through the main feeder plate and are respectively located on both sides of the main feeder;
  • the The coupling plate is provided with a through hole at the position corresponding to the two guide rail grooves; the upper pressure block and the lower pressure block are buckled through the guide rail groove and the through hole, and the pressure block is used to drive the The coupling plate moves along the rail groove.
  • the main feed plate further includes a green oil layer covering the surface of the feeder layer
  • the coupling plate further includes a green oil layer covering the surface of the coupling layer.
  • the main feed board further includes a main feed ground layer, and the main feed ground layer is located on a surface of the first dielectric substrate on a side away from the feed line layer.
  • the present disclosure provides a phase shifter including at least one phase shifter unit provided by the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides an array antenna including the phase shifter provided by the present disclosure.
  • the main feeder plate and the coupling plate are arranged, and the main feeder plate and the coupling plate can move relatively.
  • the overlapping area of the coupling feeder and the main feeder changes, thereby changing the phase shifter unit.
  • the electrical length that is, the transmission length of the signal from the input to the output of the main feeder
  • the phase shift amount of the phase shifter unit at the same time, when the coupled feeder overlaps with the main feeder, the intersection of the coupled feeder and the matching branch line
  • the overlap state can change, that is, when the phase shift amount of the phase shifter unit is adjusted to a certain value, the coupled feeder will overlap with the matching branch line on the main feed board to achieve impedance matching and improve the performance under certain phase shift amounts.
  • Standing wave problem that is, when the phase shift amount of the phase shifter unit is adjusted to a certain value, the coupled feeder will overlap with the matching branch line on the main feed board to achieve impedance matching and improve the performance under certain phase shift amounts.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a phase shifter unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a main feed plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram when a coupled feeder line and a matching branch line are overlapped according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a coupled feeder line and a matching branch line provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when there is no overlap;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupled feeder according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another coupled feeder according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of another phase shifter unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another main feed plate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another coupling plate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Main feed board 2. Coupling board; 11. First dielectric substrate; 12. Feeder layer; 13. Rail groove; 21. Second dielectric substrate; 22. Coupling layer; Feeder; 122, matching branch line; 221, coupling feeder; 31, upper pressure block; 32, lower pressure block; 10, phase shifter; 20, phase shifter unit; 101, first antenna element; 102, second antenna 103.
  • the third antenna antenna 1. Main feed board; 2. Coupling board; 11. First dielectric substrate; 12. Feeder layer; 13. Rail groove; 21. Second dielectric substrate; 22. Coupling layer; Feeder; 122, matching branch line; 221, coupling feeder; 31, upper pressure block; 32, lower pressure block; 10, phase shifter; 20, phase shifter unit; 101, first antenna element; 102, second antenna 103.
  • the third antenna antenna is provided.
  • phase shifter unit provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural schematic diagram of a main feed plate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling plate provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the phase shifter unit provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the function of a single phase shifter, which can realize phase shifting, is suitable for a wide frequency band and a large phase shift amount, and can be applied to an array antenna (substrate antenna).
  • the phase shifter unit includes:
  • the main feed board 1 includes a first dielectric substrate 11 and a feeder layer 12 located on one side surface of the first dielectric substrate 11 , and the feeder layer 12 includes a main feeder 121 and a matching branch line 122 ;
  • the coupling plate 2 includes a second dielectric substrate 21 and a coupling layer 22 located on one side surface of the second dielectric substrate 21, and the coupling layer 22 includes a coupling feeder 221;
  • the coupling layer 22 and the feeder layer 12 are disposed opposite and insulated, and the coupling plate 2 and the main feeder 1 can move relative to each other. During the relative movement, the overlapping area of the coupling feeder 221 and the main feeder 121 changes. When the feeder line 221 and the main feeder line 121 overlap, the overlap state of the coupled feeder line 221 and the matching branch line 122 can be changed, and the overlap state includes overlap or no overlap.
  • the first dielectric substrate 11 and the second dielectric substrate 21 may be made of materials such as plastic or resin to play a supporting role.
  • the feeder layer 12 and the coupling layer 22 can be formed on the first dielectric substrate 11 and the second dielectric substrate 21 respectively by forming good conductors such as copper or silver through a metallization process such as electroplating or electroless plating.
  • the main feeder 121 serves as the main channel for microwave signal transmission, including an input port and an output port (not shown in the figure), and the matching branch line 122 plays the role of impedance matching to improve standing waves.
  • the coupling feeder 221 can be coupled and connected with the main feeder 121, and the coupling feeder 221 is used as a coupling channel for microwave signal transmission, so that the microwave signal is in the phase shifter unit. Transmission through coupling.
  • the coupling plate 2 and the main feed plate 1 can move relative to each other. Specifically, the movement of the coupling plate 2 can be controlled, and the movement of the main feed plate 1 can also be controlled. limited.
  • the coupling plate 2 moves relative to the main feeder 1, and the coupled feeder 221 can overlap with the main feeder 121 (the coupled feeder 221 can overlap with the main feeder 1).
  • the 121-phase overlap means that the orthographic projection of the coupled feeder 221 on the feeder layer 12 overlaps with part or all of the main feeder). Therefore, the electrical length of the phase shifter unit is changed, and the phase of the output port of the main feeder 121 is changed, so as to realize the adjustment of the phase shift amount.
  • the matching branch line 122 is formed on the feeder layer 12, and the matching branch line 122 and the coupled feeder line 221 are overlapped under a certain phase shift amount (refer to FIG. 4), so as to realize impedance matching, thereby improving the certain phase shift.
  • Standing wave problems under some phase shifters Specifically, the position of the coupled feeder 221 relative to the feeder layer 12 can be obtained through experiments when the standing wave problem occurs. Based on this, the matching branch line 122 is formed at the position of the feeder layer 12 .
  • no matching branch line 122 is formed at the corresponding position of the feeder layer 12 , that is, the matching branch line 122 does not overlap with the coupled feeder line 221 (refer to FIG. 5 ), and no matching is required.
  • the main feeder 1 and the coupling plate 2 are arranged and the main feeder 1 and the coupling plate 2 can move relative to each other.
  • the main feeder 121 on the main feeder 1 and the coupling plate 2 are changed by changing the
  • the overlapping state of the coupled feeder 221 and the matching branch line 122 can be changed.
  • the coupled feeder line 221 will overlap with the matching branch line 122 on the main feed plate 1 to achieve impedance matching and improve the standing wave under certain phase shift amounts.
  • the relative operating frequency band of the phase shifter unit can be expanded to 35%, and by setting the matching branch line, the phase shifter unit can play a role in a wide frequency band and a large phase shift amount. good match.
  • the coupled feeder 221 is U-shaped (refer to FIG. 3 ), the main feeder 121 includes an input main feeder and an output main feeder (refer to FIG. 2 ) that are parallel to each other, and the coupled feeder 221 can cover part of the main feeder 121 .
  • the coupled feeder 221 includes a first arm and a second arm. The first arm corresponds to the input main feeder and serves as the input coupled feeder. The second arm corresponds to the output main feeder and serves as the output coupled feeder. The first arm and the second arm The spacing between the arms is equal to the spacing between the incoming main feeder and the outgoing main feeder.
  • the lengths of the first and second arms are equal, the lengths of the incoming and outgoing main feeders are equal, and the lengths of the first and second arms are less than the lengths of the incoming and outgoing main feeders.
  • the relative movement direction of the coupling plate 2 and the main feeder 1 is parallel to the extension direction of the input main feeder/output main feeder and the first arm/second arm.
  • the coupling feeder 221 and the main feeder 121 overlap, the first arm and the second arm are respectively facing the input main feeder and the output main feeder. Furthermore, through the relative movement of the coupling plate 2 and the main feeder 1, the coupling feeder 221 can cover part of the main feeder 121.
  • the electrical length in the phase shifter unit is the shortest, and the phase shift amount is the largest.
  • the matching branch line 122 is located between the input main feeder and the extension line of the output main feeder.
  • the matching branch line 122 and The main feeder lines 121 are arranged at intervals, and the matching branch line 122 is located on the side of the main feeder line 121 away from the input port/output port of the main feeder line 121 .
  • the matching branch line 122 of the phase shifter unit plays a matching role in the case of some phase shifting amounts, so that the phase shifter unit plays a good matching role in a wide frequency band and a large phase shifting amount;
  • the matching branch line 122 does not have a matching function, and the original matching impedance is maintained to avoid affecting other phase shifters.
  • the graph formed by the matching branch lines 122 may be a bar shape (refer to FIG. 2 ), a polygon or a circle (refer to FIG. 6 ), or the like.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the pattern formed by the matching branch line 122, as long as it overlaps with the coupling feeder 211 at a set position.
  • the matching branch line 122 includes at least one matching branch line segment.
  • the matching branch line 122 includes two matching branch line segments.
  • the matching branch line 122 in order to realize the precise matching of the impedance by the phase shifter unit, can be designed in segments, etc., which can be adjusted according to experiments, so as to improve the standing wave to the greatest extent.
  • the coupling plate is in contact with the main feed plate. In this way, the coupling plate can slide on the surface of the main feeder plate, so that the coupling plate is always in close contact with the main feeder plate, thereby ensuring that the signal energy on the main feeder is well coupled to the coupled feeder.
  • the phase shifter unit further includes a pressing block for pressing the coupling plate on the main feed plate and driving the coupling plate to move.
  • a pressing block for pressing the coupling plate on the main feed plate and driving the coupling plate to move.
  • the pressing block includes an upper pressing block 31 and a lower pressing block 32 ;
  • the main feeder plate 1 is provided with two guide rail grooves 13 penetrating the main feeder plate 1 , which are respectively located in the main feeder plate 1 .
  • Both sides of the main feeder 121; through holes 23 are formed at the positions of the coupling plate 2 corresponding to the two guide rail grooves 13 (only two through holes 23 are schematically shown in the figure);
  • the upper pressure block 31 and the lower pressure block 32 is buckled through the guide rail groove 13 and the through hole 23 , and the pressing block is used to drive the coupling plate 2 to move along the guide rail groove 13 .
  • the bottom of one of the upper pressing block 31 and the lower pressing block 32 is provided with a clamping column at the position corresponding to the through hole 23
  • the bottom of the other is provided with a clamping column at the position corresponding to the through hole 23 .
  • the matching card slot and the card post are engaged with the card slot through the through hole 23 and the guide rail groove 13 , so that the upper pressing block 31 and the lower pressing block 32 are fastened together, so that the coupling plate 2 is closely attached to the main feed plate 1 .
  • the clamping post passes through the through hole 23 on the coupling plate 2 , the coupling plate 2 can be driven to move along the guide rail groove 13 by the pressing block moving along the guide rail groove 13 . Simple structure and convenient operation.
  • the main feed plate 1 further includes a green oil layer covering the surface of the feeder layer 12
  • the coupling plate 2 further includes a green oil layer covering the surface of the coupling layer 22 .
  • the green oil layer can ensure that the surface of the feeder layer 12 and/or the coupling layer 22 is smooth, and reduce the surface friction, so that the coupling plate 2 is easy to slide on the surface of the main feed plate 1 .
  • the green oil layer can also be used as an insulating layer to realize the coupling connection between the main feeder and the coupled feeder, avoid additional insulating layers, and reduce the volume of the phase shifter unit.
  • the main feed board 1 further includes a main feed ground layer, and the main feed ground layer is located on a surface of the first dielectric substrate 11 on the side away from the feeder layer 12 .
  • the feeder layer and the coupling layer share the main feeder ground layer to form a microstrip line structure.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a phase shifter, including at least one phase shifter unit provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • phase shifter provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the phase shifter unit provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and has the same or corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the phase shifter unit.
  • phase shifter unit provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and has the same or corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the phase shifter unit.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an array antenna, including the phase shifter provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. Can be applied to base station antennas, suitable for dual-polarized antennas or single-polarized antennas.
  • the phase shifter 10 in the array antenna includes a plurality of phase shifter units 20 (four are schematically shown in the figure) and a plurality of antenna elements (the figure Three are schematically shown, namely the first antenna element 101, the second antenna element 102 and the third antenna element 103).
  • the multiple antenna elements are all dual-polarized antenna elements, the first antenna element 101 and the third antenna element 103 are both connected to the output ports of the two phase shifter units 20 to realize phase shifting, and the second antenna element 102 is not connected to The phase shifter unit 20 is connected, and the phase shift amount is zero.
  • the first antenna element 101 , the second antenna element 102 and the third antenna element 103 can be broadband folded oscillators. By sliding the coupling plate of the phase shifter unit 20 , the oscillators can be directed between -20 and 20 degrees to achieve broadband. Good impedance matching for an ultra-wide directivity range.
  • phase shifter unit In the phase shifter unit provided by the present disclosure, by arranging the main feed plate and the coupling plate, and the main feed plate and the coupling plate can move relative to each other, during the relative movement, the overlapping area of the coupling feeder and the main feeder changes, thereby changing the shift.
  • the electrical length in the phaser unit that is, the transmission length of the signal from the input to the output of the main feeder
  • adjust the phase shift amount of the phaser unit at the same time, when the coupled feeder overlaps with the main feeder, the coupled feeder and the main feeder overlap.
  • the overlapping state of the matching branch lines can change, that is, when the phase shift amount of the phase shifter unit is adjusted to a certain value, the coupled feeder will overlap with the matching branch lines on the main feeder board to achieve impedance matching and improve certain conditions.
  • the problem of standing waves under the phase shifter realizes impedance matching in the case of a wide frequency band and a large phase shifter, and has strong industrial practicability.

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  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur une unité de déphaseur, un déphaseur et une antenne réseau. L'unité de déphaseur comprend : une plaque d'alimentation principale comprenant un premier substrat diélectrique et une couche de ligne d'alimentation située sur une surface latérale du premier substrat diélectrique, la couche de ligne d'alimentation comprenant une ligne d'alimentation principale et une ligne de ramification correspondante ; et une plaque de couplage comprenant un second substrat diélectrique et une couche de couplage située sur une surface latérale du second substrat diélectrique, la couche de couplage comprenant une ligne d'alimentation de couplage. La couche de couplage et la couche de ligne d'alimentation sont disposées à l'opposé l'une de l'autre et isolées l'une de l'autre ; la plaque de couplage et la plaque d'alimentation principale peuvent se déplacer l'une par rapport à l'autre ; dans le processus de déplacement relatif, la zone de chevauchement entre la ligne d'alimentation de couplage et la ligne d'alimentation principale change ; et dans le cas où la ligne d'alimentation de couplage chevauche la ligne d'alimentation principale, l'état de chevauchement entre la ligne d'alimentation de couplage et la ligne de ramification correspondante peut changer, et l'état de chevauchement comprend des états chevauchés et non chevauchés. La présente invention permet d'obtenir une adaptation d'impédance dans le cas d'une large bande de fréquence et d'un déphasage important.
PCT/CN2020/142328 2020-08-20 2020-12-31 Unité de déphaseur, déphaseur et antenne réseau WO2022036994A1 (fr)

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CN202010844932.X 2020-08-20
CN202010844932.XA CN111952698A (zh) 2020-08-20 2020-08-20 一种移相器单元、移相器和阵列天线

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CN111952698A (zh) * 2020-08-20 2020-11-17 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 一种移相器单元、移相器和阵列天线
CN112510356B (zh) * 2020-11-23 2022-10-18 歌尔科技有限公司 5g毫米波宽带天线及终端
CN112803163B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2022-05-03 华南理工大学 移相电路、移相器及天线
CN112909453A (zh) * 2021-03-23 2021-06-04 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 基站天线及其移相器
WO2022227035A1 (fr) * 2021-04-30 2022-11-03 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Déphaseur, unité d'antenne et station de base
CN114188681A (zh) * 2022-01-13 2022-03-15 江苏三晟信息科技有限公司 一种新型的小型化u形耦合线微带移相器

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CN111952698A (zh) * 2020-08-20 2020-11-17 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 一种移相器单元、移相器和阵列天线

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CN104183890A (zh) * 2014-08-04 2014-12-03 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 一种移相单元
US20180192307A1 (en) * 2015-08-31 2018-07-05 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Phase shifter, antenna, and base station
CN110808438A (zh) * 2019-10-28 2020-02-18 常州安塔歌电子科技有限公司 一种小型化、低成本的0°/90°开关线型移相器
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