WO2022036962A1 - 一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质助听器 - Google Patents

一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质助听器 Download PDF

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WO2022036962A1
WO2022036962A1 PCT/CN2020/136857 CN2020136857W WO2022036962A1 WO 2022036962 A1 WO2022036962 A1 WO 2022036962A1 CN 2020136857 W CN2020136857 W CN 2020136857W WO 2022036962 A1 WO2022036962 A1 WO 2022036962A1
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Prior art keywords
diaphragm
sound
groove
sound beam
receiver
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PCT/CN2020/136857
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金海鸥
吴念博
何新喜
朱信智
李碧英
杨萍
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苏州礼乐乐器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2022036962A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022036962A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/60—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/046—Construction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hearing aid device, in particular to a full-frequency high-quality hearing aid with a sound beam and a sound tunnel.
  • the hearing aid includes a box type, a behind-the-ear type, an in-the-ear type, and the like.
  • Hearing aids are small amplifiers. For the hearing-impaired, they can amplify the sound that was originally inaudible, and then use the residual hearing of the hearing-impaired, so that the sound can be sent to the hearing center of the hearing-impaired person's brain. sound.
  • the structure of a hearing aid includes a microphone 1, an amplifier 2, a receiver 3 (also called a receiver), a volume adjuster 4, a power supply 5 and a housing 6 (see FIG. 1).
  • the working principle of the hearing aid is to collect the sound signal through the microphone 1, then convert it into an electrical signal, and then amplify the electrical signal through the amplifier 2, and finally convert the amplified electrical signal into the original sound signal through the receiver 3 and transmit it to the human ear. inside.
  • the existing receiver 3 includes a diaphragm 7 , a coil 8 and a magnet 9 for driving the diaphragm 7 to vibrate.
  • the vibrating membrane 7, as a structure for vibrating and producing sound, plays a particularly important role, and its structure can also be shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 .
  • the current output by the amplifier 2 of different sizes is converted into sound waves through frequency waves, and the output energy is increased by the promotion of power, and the coil 8 is vibrated under the action of the magnetic field, and the action rod 10 is connected to the vibration.
  • the diaphragm 7 drives the diaphragm 7 to vibrate, and then the air is pushed by the vibration of the diaphragm 7 to produce sound.
  • the common problem with the receiver of traditional hearing aids is: the receiver has a natural resonance frequency when it is pronounced. After exceeding a certain range of the resonance frequency region, the high-pitched region cannot be brightened, and the low-pitched region is not rich and round enough, resulting in amplifying the human voice and the environment at the same time. The noise in the sound will also be amplified, which cannot effectively restore the real ambient sound, causing trouble to the hearing-impaired.
  • the main reason is that the current receiver diaphragm cannot satisfy the good broadband vibration from the treble region to the bass region, that is, it cannot simultaneously adapt to the resonance and vibration of wide frequency changes in the treble region, mid-range region and bass region. In conclusion, the structural design of the receiver of the traditional hearing aid is unreasonable, which is not conducive to the good sound wave vibration of the diaphragm from the treble region to the bass region.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a full-band high-quality hearing aid with a sound beam and a sound tunnel.
  • the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
  • a full-band high-quality hearing aid with a sound beam and a sound tunnel comprising a microphone, an amplifier and a receiver, the receiver comprising a diaphragm, and a coil and a magnet for driving the diaphragm to vibrate;
  • a first groove and a second groove are arranged on at least one surface of the diaphragm, the first groove and the second groove are crossed on the surface of the diaphragm and pass through each other, and the intersection is located on the surface of the diaphragm. Center, and then divide the surface of the diaphragm into four resonance areas equally; the diaphragm is also provided with a sound beam assembly in the center of the same side surface where the first groove and the second groove are provided, and the sound beam assembly includes multiple A strip-shaped sound beam member, the strip-shaped sound beam members are arranged in pairs on both sides of the first groove and on both sides of the second groove; the first groove and the second groove are respectively in vibration Sound tunnels are formed on the surface of the membrane.
  • the first groove and the second groove cross and penetrate each other on the surface of the diaphragm
  • the vibration of the coil through the cross-shaped sound tunnel formed by the groove (that is, the sound tunnel) is rapidly transmitted around the diaphragm.
  • the intersection of the first groove and the second groove is located at the center of the diaphragm, so that the design can improve the sound quality and tone of the diaphragm.
  • a connecting beam is arranged between two adjacent strip-shaped sound beam members, and the connecting beam spans the top of the first groove and the second groove to form the sound beam.
  • the beam components are in a well-shaped shape; and each of the connecting beams is located in the central area of the surface of the diaphragm. With this design, the central area of the diaphragm can be reinforced.
  • the diaphragm is divided into the high-pitched area of the periphery, the mid-range area of the middle section and the low-frequency area of the center from the pronunciation frequency band; wherein, the wall thickness of the diaphragm is gradually thickened from the outside to the inside, forming the bass.
  • the wall thickness of the mid-range area is greater than that of the mid-range area, and the wall thickness of the mid-range area is greater than the wall thickness of the high-range area; the sound beam assembly is located in the bass area of the diaphragm.
  • the treble area is set away from the center, so that the high-frequency vibration with higher frequency and smaller amplitude can emit a more transparent and bright treble in the treble area of the diaphragm, thereby making the receiver of the hearing aid produce high fidelity in the whole frequency range. restoration sound.
  • the thickness of the inner end of the strip-shaped sound beam member is larger than the thickness of the outer end.
  • the central area of the diaphragm can be reinforced.
  • the first groove and the second groove are arc-shaped grooves, which can minimize the sudden change in thickness of the diaphragm and avoid affecting the resonance and vibration of the diaphragm.
  • the lengths of the first groove and the second groove are both smaller than the horizontal width of the diaphragm, and the outer ends of the first groove and the second groove are connected to the diaphragm. There are smooth transition surfaces between the surfaces.
  • the present invention is a full-band high-quality hearing aid with a sound beam and a sound tunnel, which includes a receiver, the receiver includes a diaphragm, at least one surface of the diaphragm is provided with a first groove and a second groove, and the two grooves are crossed and mutually Through, the surface of the diaphragm is equally divided into four resonance areas; the diaphragm is also provided with a sound beam assembly in the center of the same side surface with two grooves, including a plurality of strip-shaped sound beam components, and the strip-shaped sound beam components are paired It is arranged on both sides of the first groove and the second groove; the two grooves respectively form sound tunnels on the surface of the diaphragm.
  • the present invention improves the diaphragm design of the existing hearing aids, especially the receiver in the hearing aids. . It is embodied in the following aspects: first, a sound beam assembly is erected on the surface of the diaphragm; second, a cross-shaped groove is opened on the surface of the diaphragm, thereby forming a cross-shaped sound tunnel on the surface of the diaphragm.
  • the present invention conducts an in-depth discussion and research on the design and sound production mechanism of the receiver, and finds out that the main reason for the noise interference of the restored sound of the existing receiver is due to the poor design of the diaphragm. Reasonably caused. Accordingly, the inventor broke the shackles of the previous receiver composition design, and boldly proposed an improved design scheme of the present invention. This improved design scheme changes the diaphragm from the previous free vibration mode to the current standard vibration mode, from vibration and resonance.
  • the sounding angle solves the problem that the high-pitched area of the receiver cannot be bright, and the low-pitched area is not rich and round enough, improves the fidelity of the sound in each frequency band, reduces noise interference, amplifies the real human voice, and has a high degree of environmental sound reproduction. It has been proved by practice that the improved design scheme has outstanding substantive characteristics and significant technological progress, and has obtained obvious technical effects.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and effects compared with the existing hearing aids:
  • the present invention sets the sound beam assembly on the surface of the diaphragm, because the bass is relatively high in amplitude and low in frequency, the bass resonance is concentrated in the central area of the diaphragm, and the treble resonance is concentrated in the surrounding edge area of the diaphragm, strengthening the central area of the diaphragm. Intensity plays an important role in improving the tone and sound quality of the bass region. Since the thickness of the diaphragm is thick in the central area and thin in the surrounding area, the thickness of the diaphragm is strengthened, and the strength of the central area of the diaphragm is strengthened. Relatively speaking, it also changes the thickness difference between the central area of the diaphragm and the surrounding edge area, which is beneficial to improving the tone and sound quality of the high-pitched area. can also play a beneficial role.
  • the present invention is provided with a cross-shaped groove on the surface of the diaphragm, and the cross-shaped groove actually forms a cross-shaped sound tunnel on the surface of the diaphragm, and the vibration passes through the cross-shaped sound tunnel (that is, the sound tunnel) rapidly to the diaphragm. , which plays a key role in improving the timbre and sound quality of the treble region.
  • each resonance zone can generate one sound wave volume, plus one original sound wave volume, for a total of five sound wave volumes.
  • the volume of sound waves is the number of sound waves, and the volume of sound waves directly affects the timbre, penetration and volume of the receiver. Therefore, the design of the present invention can obviously improve the timbre of the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region, increase the penetration and volume of the high-pitched region and the low-pitched region, and improve the fidelity of the sound in each frequency band.
  • the sound beam assembly and the groove of the present invention can be arranged on the upper surface of the diaphragm, also can be arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm, and can also be arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the diaphragm at the same time.
  • FIG. 8 is a top view of the diaphragm in the embodiment of the present invention (without connecting beams);
  • Fig. 9 is the front view of the diaphragm in the embodiment of the present invention (without connecting beam);
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention when the sound beam assembly is arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm (without connecting beams);
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention when the sound beam assembly is simultaneously arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the diaphragm (without connecting beams);
  • FIG. 12 is a top view of the diaphragm in the embodiment of the present invention (with connecting beams);
  • FIG. 13 is a front view of the diaphragm in the embodiment of the present invention (with connecting beams);
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram (with connecting beams) when the sound beam assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm;
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram (with connecting beams) when the sound beam assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention is simultaneously arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the diaphragm;
  • 16 is a top view of the diaphragm in another embodiment of the present invention (without connecting beams);
  • FIG. 17 is a front view (without connecting beams) of the diaphragm in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention when the sound beam assembly is arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm (without connecting beams);
  • 19 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention when the sound beam assembly is simultaneously arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the diaphragm (without connecting beams);
  • FIG. 20 is a top view of the diaphragm in another embodiment of the present invention (with connecting beams);
  • Figure 21 is a front view of the diaphragm (with connecting beams) in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention when the sound beam assembly is arranged on the lower surface of the diaphragm (with connecting beams);
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention when the sound beam assembly is simultaneously disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the diaphragm (with connecting beams).
  • connecting may refer to two or more components or devices in direct physical contact with each other, or in indirect physical contact with each other, and may also refer to two or more components or devices interacting with each other or action.
  • a full-band high-quality hearing aid with sound beam and sound tunnel includes a microphone, an amplifier and a receiver.
  • the receiver includes a diaphragm 11, and a coil and a magnet for driving the diaphragm 11 to vibrate.
  • the upper surface of the diaphragm 11 is provided with a first groove 12 and a second groove 13 , and the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 respectively form a transverse sound tunnel on the upper surface of the diaphragm 11 and longitudinal sound tunnel.
  • first groove 12 and the second groove 13 cross each other on the upper surface of the diaphragm 11 and pass through each other, which helps to pass the vibration of the coil through the cross-shaped sound tunnel formed by the groove (ie The sound tunnel) is rapidly transmitted around the diaphragm 11.
  • the intersection of the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 is located at the center of the diaphragm 11 , so that the design can improve the sound quality and tone of the diaphragm.
  • the upper surface of the diaphragm 11 is equally divided into four resonance regions 14 .
  • the cross-shaped groove By opening a cross-shaped groove on the upper surface of the diaphragm 11, the cross-shaped groove actually forms a cross-shaped sound tunnel on the surface of the diaphragm 11, and the vibration passes through the cross-shaped sound tunnel (that is, the sound tunnel) quickly to the diaphragm.
  • the 11's surrounding edges are passed around, which plays a key role in improving the tone and quality of the treble.
  • the vibration can be transmitted to the four resonant regions 14 through the sound tunnel, and resonance is generated, which can significantly improve the timbre of the high-pitched and low-pitched regions.
  • a set of sound beam assemblies 15 are fixed on the upper surface of the diaphragm 11 , and the sound beam assemblies 15 include a plurality of strip-shaped sound beam members 15 a , and the strip-shaped sound beam members 15 a are arranged in pairs in the first groove 12 and both sides of the second groove 13 .
  • the bass resonance is concentrated in the central area of the diaphragm 11, and the treble resonance is concentrated in the surrounding edge area of the diaphragm 11, which strengthens the vibration.
  • the strength of the central area of the membrane 11 plays an important role in improving the tone and sound quality of the bass region. Since the thickness of the diaphragm 11 is a thickness gradient structure with thick central area and thin surrounding areas (ie, a thin outer and inner thick design), the strength of the central area of the diaphragm 11 is strengthened, and relatively speaking, the central area and the surrounding edges of the diaphragm 11 are also changed. The difference in the thickness of the area can also play a beneficial role in improving the tone and sound quality of the high-pitched area.
  • the bracing assembly 15 is composed of a plurality of strip-shaped bracing members 15a arranged in a zigzag shape, and connecting beams 15b between the strip-shaped bracing members 15a
  • the upper surface of the diaphragm 11 is suspended in the air, and each of the connecting beams 15 b corresponds to the central area of the upper surface of the diaphragm 11 .
  • the four connecting beams 15b form a "mouth"-shaped reinforcing structure, which can further strengthen the bass region in the center of the diaphragm 11, so as to further improve the sound quality of the bass region of the diaphragm 11.
  • the diaphragm 11 is divided into a peripheral high-pitched area, a middle-frequency area, and a central low-frequency area from the sound frequency band; the wall thickness of the diaphragm 11 gradually increases from the outside to the inside, forming the wall of the low-frequency area.
  • the thickness is greater than the wall thickness of the mid-range area, and the wall thickness of the mid-range area is greater than the wall thickness of the treble area.
  • the low-frequency vibration emits a thicker and rounder bass in the bass region of the diaphragm 11; by setting the thinner treble region away from the center, the high-frequency vibration with higher frequency and smaller amplitude can be made in the diaphragm 11.
  • the treble area emits more transparent and bright treble, which in turn enables the hearing aid receiver to produce high-fidelity reproduction sound in the full frequency range.
  • the sound beam assembly 15 is located in the bass region of the diaphragm 11 , which can further increase the load in the middle area of the diaphragm 4 .
  • the thickness of the inner end of the strip-shaped sound beam member 15a is larger than the thickness of the outer end.
  • the central region of the diaphragm 11 can be further reinforced.
  • the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 are arc-shaped grooves, which can minimize the sudden change in thickness of the diaphragm 11 and avoid affecting the resonance and vibration of the diaphragm 11 .
  • the lengths of the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 are both smaller than the horizontal width of the diaphragm 11 , and the outer ends of the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 are connected to the diaphragm 11 .
  • a smooth transition surface is arranged between the upper surfaces of the 11 , so that the vibration is transmitted to the periphery of the diaphragm 11 more evenly.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and may be other hearing aids such as box-type and in-the-ear hearing aids. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
  • the number of the sound beam components 15 is not limited to one group, and can also be multiple groups of parallel or other designs that help to strengthen the load in the middle of the diaphragm 11, which is easily understood by those skilled in the art. and accepted.
  • the sound beam assembly 15 and the two grooves 12 and 13 may be located on the upper surface of the diaphragm 11 (as shown in FIGS. 9 , 13 , 17 and 21 ), or may be located on the diaphragm 11 .
  • the lower surface of the diaphragm 11 (as shown in Figures 10, 14, 18, and 22) can also be placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the diaphragm 11 at the same time (as shown in Figures 11, 15, 19, and 23).
  • the strip-shaped sound beam members 15a can be straight strips as shown in the figure, with a 90-degree combination, and arranged in pairs on both sides of the first groove 12 and the second groove. Both sides of the groove 13.
  • the strip-shaped sound beam member 15a may also have an arc and include two straight sides, and the straight sides of the two adjacent sound beam members 15a are paired with the first groove 12 and the second groove 13 on both sides.
  • the first grooves 12 and the second grooves 13 are arc-shaped grooves.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the grooves can be designed into other shapes, such as concave structures such as V-shape, U-shape, and W-shape. This is easily understood and accepted by those skilled in the art.
  • the material of the diaphragm 11 may be metal material, carbon fiber material, paper, etc.
  • the present invention improves the diaphragm design of the existing hearing aids, especially the receiver in the hearing aids. . It is embodied in the following aspects: first, a sound beam assembly is erected on the surface of the diaphragm; second, a cross-shaped groove is opened on the surface of the diaphragm, thereby forming a cross-shaped sound tunnel on the surface of the diaphragm.
  • the present invention conducts an in-depth discussion and research on the design and sound production mechanism of the receiver, and finds out that the main reason for the noise interference of the restored sound of the existing receiver is due to the poor design of the diaphragm. Reasonably caused. Accordingly, the inventor broke the shackles of the previous receiver composition design, and boldly proposed an improved design scheme of the present invention. This improved design scheme changes the diaphragm from the previous free vibration mode to the current standard vibration mode, from vibration and resonance.
  • the sounding angle solves the problem that the high-pitched area of the receiver cannot be bright, and the low-frequency area is not rich and round enough, improves the fidelity of the sound in each frequency band, reduces noise interference, amplifies the real human voice, and has a high degree of environmental sound reproduction. It has been proved by practice that the improved design scheme has outstanding substantive characteristics and significant technological progress, and has obtained obvious technical effects.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质助听器，包括受话器，受话器包括振膜，振膜的至少一表面上设有第一沟槽和第二沟槽，两沟槽呈十字交叉且相互贯通，将振膜表面分成四块共振区；振膜于设有两沟槽的同侧表面中央还设有音梁组件，包括多根条状音梁构件，条状音梁构件成对设置于第一沟槽和第二沟槽的两侧；两沟槽分别在振膜的表面形成音隧。本发明将受话器的振膜由以往的自由振动模式改变为现在的规范振动模式，从振动、共鸣、发声的角度解决了受话器高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题，提高了各频段声音的保真度，减少了噪音干扰，放大了真实人声，具有环境音还原度高的特点，实践证明该改进设计方案具有突出的实质性特点和显著的技术进步。

Description

一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质助听器 技术领域
本发明涉及助听设备，具体涉及一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质助听器。所述助听器包括盒式、耳背式、耳内式等。
背景技术
助听器属于小型扩音器，对于听障者来说可将把原本听不到的声音加以扩大，再利用听障者的残余听力，使声音能送到听障者的大脑听觉中枢，而感觉到声音。
通常，助听器的结构组成包括麦克风1、放大器2、受话器3(亦称接收器)、音量调节器4、电源5以及壳体6(见图1)。助听器的工作原理是将声音的信号经过麦克风1收集，然后转化为电信号，再通过放大器2将电信号进行放大，最后再将放大之后的电信号通过受话器3转化成原声信号传递到人的耳朵里。
如图2～5所示，现有的受话器3结构组成包括振膜7，以及用于驱动振膜7振动的线圈8和磁铁9。其中，振膜7作为振动发声的结构，其作用尤为重要，其结构亦可如图6、7所示。
受话器3在工作时，由放大器2输出大小不等的电流通过频率波转化成声波，通过功率的推动而提高其输出的能量，在磁场的作用下使线圈8振动，同时作用杆10连接在振膜7上并带动振膜7振动，再由振膜7的振动推动空气，从而发出声音。
传统的助听器的受话器普遍存在的问题是：受话器发音时有一个固有的谐振频率，超出谐振频率区域的一定范围后，高音区亮不出来，低音区浑厚圆润不够，导致在人声放大的同时环境音中的噪音亦会放大，无法有效还原真实环境音，给听障者带来困扰。究其原因主要是目前的受话器振膜无法满足从高音区到低音区之间良好的宽频振动，即不能同时适应高音区、中音区和低音区较宽频率变化共鸣和振动。总结，传统的助听器的受话器其结构设计不合理，不利于振膜发挥从高音区到低音区之间良好声波振动。
因此，如何解决上述现有技术存在的不足，便成为本发明所要研究解决的课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质助听器。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质助听器，包括麦克风、放大器以及受话器，所述受话器包括振膜，以及用于驱动振膜振动的线圈和磁铁；其中：
所述振膜的至少一侧表面上设有第一沟槽和第二沟槽，第一沟槽与第二沟槽在振膜的表面上呈十字交叉且相互贯通，交叉点位于振膜的中心，进而将振膜的表面等分成四块共振区；所述振膜于设有第一沟槽和第二沟槽的同侧表面中央还设有音梁组件，所述音梁组件包括 多根条状音梁构件，所述条状音梁构件成对设置于第一沟槽的两侧以及第二沟槽的两侧；所述第一沟槽与所述第二沟槽分别在振膜的表面上形成音隧。
上述技术方案中的有关内容解释如下：
1.上述方案中，“第一沟槽与第二沟槽在振膜的表面上呈十字交叉且相互贯通”，有助于将线圈的振动通过沟槽形成的十字形音隧(即声音的隧道)迅速向振膜的四周传递。
2.上述方案中，第一沟槽与第二沟槽交叉点位于振膜的中心，借此设计可提升振膜的音质、音色。
3.上述方案中，相邻两所述条状音梁构件之间设有连接梁，所述连接梁横跨于所述第一沟槽、所述第二沟槽的上方，构成所述音梁组件呈井字形；且各所述连接梁均位于所述振膜表面的中心区域。借此设计，可实现对振膜的中央区域进行加强。
4.上述方案中，所述振膜从发音频段区分为外围的高音区、中段的中音区以及中心的低音区；其中，所述振膜的壁厚由外至内逐渐增厚，构成低音区的壁厚大于中音区的壁厚，中音区的壁厚大于高音区的壁厚；所述音梁组件位于所述振膜的低音区。
借此设计，通过将较厚的低音区设置于接近中心的位置，可使得频率较低、振幅较大的低频振动在振膜的低音区发出更为浑厚、圆润的低音；通过将较薄的高音区设置于远离中心的位置，可使得频率较高、振幅较小的高频振动在振膜的高音区发出更为通透、明亮的高音，进而令助听器的受话器在全频段产生高保真度的还原声。
5.上述方案中，所述条状音梁构件的内端厚度均大于外端厚度。借此设计，可实现对振膜的中央区域进行加强。
6.上述方案中，所述第一沟槽、所述第二沟槽均为弧形槽，可以使得振膜在厚度上尽量减少厚薄突变，避免影响振膜的共鸣和振动。
7.上述方案中，所述第一沟槽及所述第二沟槽的长度均小于所述振膜的水平宽度，所述第一沟槽和所述第二沟槽的外端与振膜的表面之间均设置有圆滑过渡面。
本发明的工作原理及优点如下：
本发明一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质助听器，包括受话器，受话器包括振膜，振膜的至少一表面上设有第一沟槽和第二沟槽，两沟槽呈十字交叉且相互贯通，将振膜的表面等分成四块共振区；振膜于设有两沟槽的同侧表面中央还设有音梁组件，包括多根条状音梁构件，条状音梁构件成对设置于第一沟槽和第二沟槽的两侧；两沟槽分别在振膜的表面上形成音隧。
相比现有技术而言，为了解决现有助听器无法兼顾高、中、低音区造成无法有效还原真实环境音的问题，本发明对现有助听器，特别是助听器中受话器的振膜设计进行了改进。具体体现在以下几个方面：第一，在振膜的表面架设音梁组件；第二，在振膜的表面 开设十字形沟槽，从而在振膜的表面上形成十字形音隧。
本发明针对现有助听器的受话器无法有效还原真实环境音的问题，对受话器的设计及发声机理进行了深入探讨和研究，找出了现有受话器还原声音存在噪音干扰主要原因是由于振膜设计不合理所致。据此，发明人打破了以往受话器组成设计的束缚，大胆提出了本发明的改进设计方案，这种改进设计方案将振膜由以往的自由振动模式改变为现在的规范振动模式，从振动、共鸣、发声的角度解决了受话器高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题，提高了各频段声音的保真度，减少了噪音干扰，放大了真实人声，具有环境音还原度高的特点，实践证明该改进设计方案具有突出的实质性特点和显著的技术进步，并且获得了明显的技术效果。
由于上述技术方案的运用，本发明与现有的助听器相比具有以下优点和效果：
1.本发明在振膜的表面设置音梁组件，由于低音相对高音振幅大、频率低，低音共鸣集中在振膜的中央区域，高音共鸣集中在振膜的四周边缘区域，加强振膜中央区域强度，对改善低音区音色和音质起到了重要作用。由于振膜的厚度为中央区域厚而四周薄的厚度渐变构造，加强了振膜的中央区域强度，相对而言也改变了振膜中央区域与四周边缘区域厚薄差，对改善高音区音色和音质也可起到有益作用。
2.本发明在振膜的表面开设有十字形沟槽，该十字形沟槽在振膜的表面上实际形成十字形音隧，振动通过十字形音隧(即声音的隧道)迅速向振膜的四周边缘传递，这对改善高音区的音色和音质起到了关键作用。
3.本发明通过音梁组件及十字形沟槽的设计，在振膜上等分出四块共振区。当受话器发声时线圈的振动通过音隧传递至各共振区，并产生共鸣和振动，以此将线圈振动弦声放大为振膜的共鸣声。每个共振区可产生一个声波量，再加上一个原声波量，共计五个声波量。声波量即声波的数量，声波量直接影响受话器的音色、穿透力和音量。因此本发明设计能够明显改善高音区和低音区的音色，增加高音区和低音区的穿透力和音量，提高各频段声音的保真度。
4.本发明的音梁组件以及沟槽可设于振膜的上表面，也可设于振膜的下表面，还可同时设置于振膜的上、下两表面。
附图说明
附图1为现有技术助听器的剖面结构示意图；
附图2为现有技术助听器中受话器的俯视示意图；
附图3为现有技术助听器中受话器的剖面结构示意图；
附图4为现有受话器中振膜的俯视图；
附图5为现有受话器中振膜的正视图；
附图6为现有受话器中另一种振膜的俯视图；
附图7为现有受话器中另一种振膜的正视图；
附图8为本发明实施例中振膜的俯视图(无连接梁)；
附图9为本发明实施例中振膜的正视图(无连接梁)；
附图10为本发明实施例音梁组件设于振膜下表面时的示意图(无连接梁)；
附图11为本发明实施例音梁组件同时设于振膜上下表面时的示意图(无连接梁)；
附图12为本发明实施例中振膜的俯视图(有连接梁)；
附图13为本发明实施例中振膜的正视图(有连接梁)；
附图14为本发明实施例音梁组件设于振膜下表面时的示意图(有连接梁)；
附图15为本发明实施例音梁组件同时设于振膜上下表面时的示意图(有连接梁)；
附图16为本发明另一实施例中振膜的俯视图(无连接梁)；
附图17为本发明另一实施例中振膜的正视图(无连接梁)。
附图18为本发明另一实施例音梁组件设于振膜下表面时的示意图(无连接梁)；
附图19为本发明另一实施例音梁组件同时设于振膜上下表面时的示意图(无连接梁)；
附图20为本发明另一实施例中振膜的俯视图(有连接梁)；
附图21为本发明另一实施例中振膜的正视图(有连接梁)；
附图22为本发明另一实施例音梁组件设于振膜下表面时的示意图(有连接梁)；
附图23为本发明另一实施例音梁组件同时设于振膜上下表面时的示意图(有连接梁)。
以上附图中：1.麦克风；2.放大器；3.受话器；4.音量调节器；5.电源；6.壳体；7.振膜；8.线圈；9.磁铁；10.作用杆；11.振膜；12.第一沟槽；13.第二沟槽；14.共振区；15.音梁组件；15a.条状音梁构件；15b.连接梁。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步描述：
实施例：以下将以图式及详细叙述对本案进行清楚说明，任何本领域技术人员在了解本案的实施例后，当可由本案所教示的技术，加以改变及修饰，其并不脱离本案的精神与范围。
本文的用语只为描述特定实施例，而无意为本案的限制。单数形式如“一”、“这”、“此”、“本”以及“该”，如本文所用，同样也包含复数形式。
关于本文中所使用的“第一”、“第二”等，并非特别指称次序或顺位的意思，亦非用以限定本案，其仅为了区别以相同技术用语描述的组件或操作。
关于本文中所使用的“连接”或“定位”，均可指二或多个组件或装置相互直接作实体接触，或是相互间接作实体接触，亦可指二或多个组件或装置相互操作或动作。
关于本文中所使用的“包含”、“包括”、“具有”等，均为开放性的用语，即意指包 含但不限于。
关于本文中所使用的用词(terms)，除有特别注明外，通常具有每个用词使用在此领域中、在本案内容中与特殊内容中的平常意义。某些用以描述本案的用词将于下或在此说明书的别处讨论，以提供本领域技术人员在有关本案描述上额外的引导。
关于本文中所使用的“上”、“下”为方向性用词，在本案中仅为说明各结构之间位置关系，并非用以限定本案保护方案及实际实施时的具体方向。
参见附图8～23所示，一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质助听器，包括麦克风、放大器以及受话器，所述受话器包括振膜11，以及用于驱动振膜11振动的线圈和磁铁。
所述振膜11的上表面上设有第一沟槽12和第二沟槽13，所述第一沟槽12与所述第二沟槽13分别在振膜11的上表面形成横向音隧和纵向音隧。
其中，所述第一沟槽12与所述第二沟槽13在振膜11的上表面上呈十字交叉且相互贯通，有助于将线圈的振动通过沟槽形成的十字形音隧(即声音的隧道)迅速向振膜11的四周传递。所述第一沟槽12与所述第二沟槽13的交叉点位于振膜11的中心，借此设计可提升振膜的音质、音色。并将振膜11的上表面等分成四块共振区14。
通过在振膜11的上表面开设有十字形沟槽，该十字形沟槽在振膜11的表面上实际形成十字形音隧，振动通过十字形音隧(即声音的隧道)迅速向振膜11的四周边缘传递，这对改善高音区的音色和音质起到了关键作用。同时通过在振膜11上等分出四块共振区14，振动可通过音隧传递至这四个共振区14，并产生谐振，可明显改善高音区和低音区的音色。
所述振膜11上表面上固设有一组音梁组件15，所述音梁组件15包括多根条状音梁构件15a，所述条状音梁构件15a成对设置于第一沟槽12的两侧以及第二沟槽13的两侧。
通过在振膜11的上表面上设置音梁组件15，由于低音相对高音振幅大、频率低，低音共鸣集中在振膜11的中央区域，高音共鸣集中在振膜11的四周边缘区域，加强振膜11中央区域强度，对改善低音区音色和音质起到了重要作用。由于振膜11的厚度为中央区域厚而四周薄的厚度渐变构造(即外薄内厚的设计)，加强了振膜11中央区域强度，相对而言也改变了振膜11中央区域与四周边缘区域厚薄差，对改善高音区音色和音质也可起到有益作用。
优选的，如图12、13、20、21所示，所述音梁组件15由多根条状音梁构件15a呈井字形排布组成，各条状音梁构件15a之间的连接梁15b相对所述振膜11的上表面悬空设置，且各所述连接梁15b均对应所述振膜11上表面的中心区域。通过四根连接梁15b构成一“口”字形加强结构，可对振膜11中心的低音区进一步加强，以达到对振膜11低音区音质的进一步提升。
优选的，所述振膜11从发音频段区分为外围的高音区、中段的中音区以及中心的低 音区；所述振膜11的壁厚由外至内逐渐增厚，构成低音区的壁厚大于中音区的壁厚，中音区的壁厚大于高音区的壁厚；借此设计，通过将较厚的低音区设置于接近中心的位置，可使得频率较低、振幅较大的低频振动在振膜11的低音区发出更为浑厚、圆润的低音；通过将较薄的高音区设置于远离中心的位置，可使得频率较高、振幅较小的高频振动在振膜11的高音区发出更为通透、明亮的高音，进而令助听器的受话器在全频段产生高保真度的还原声。所述音梁组件15位于所述振膜11的低音区，可进一步提升振膜4的中部区域载荷。
优选的，所述条状音梁构件15a的内端厚度均大于外端厚度。借此设计，可实现对振膜11的中央区域进一步进行加强。
优选的，所述第一沟槽12、所述第二沟槽13均为弧形槽，可以使得振膜11在厚度上尽量减少厚薄突变，避免影响振膜11的共鸣和振动。
其中，所述第一沟槽12和所述第二沟槽13的长度均小于所述振膜11的水平宽度，且第一沟槽12和所述第二沟槽13的外端与振膜11上表面之间均设置有圆滑过渡面，以便振动更为均匀地传递至振膜11的周部。
下面针对本发明的其他实施情况以及结构变化作如下说明：
1.以上实施例中，虽然是针对耳背式助听器的受话器给出的实施例，但本发明不局限于此，可以是盒式、耳内式等其它助听器。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
2.以上实施例中，所述音梁组件15的数量并不局限于一组，也可以是多组并列或其他有助于加强振膜11中部载荷的设计，这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
3.以上实施例中，所述音梁组件15以及两所述沟槽12、13可位于振膜11的上表面(如图9、13、17、21所示)，也可位于振膜11的下表面(如图10、14、18、22所示)，还可同时设置于振膜11上、下两表面(如图11、15、19、23所示)。
4.以上实施例中，所述条状音梁构件15a可以如图中所示是直条状，两两呈90度组合，并成对设置于第一沟槽12的两侧以及第二沟槽13的两侧。
或者，所述条状音梁构件15a也可以具有一弧度并包括两条直边，通过相邻两条状音梁构件15a的直边成对设置于第一沟槽12、第二沟槽13的两侧。
5.以上实施例中，所述第一沟槽12、第二沟槽13均为弧形槽。但本发明不局限于此，可以将沟槽设计成其它形状，比如V形、U形、W形等凹形结构。这是本领域技术人员容易理解和接受的。
6.以上实施例中，所述振膜11的材质可以如金属材质、碳纤维材质、纸质等。
相比现有技术而言，为了解决现有助听器无法兼顾高、中、低音区造成无法有效还原真实环境音的问题，本发明对现有助听器，特别是助听器中受话器的振膜设计进行了改进。具体体现在以下几个方面：第一，在振膜的表面架设音梁组件；第二，在振膜的表面 开设十字形沟槽，从而在振膜的表面上形成十字形音隧。
本发明针对现有助听器的受话器无法有效还原真实环境音的问题，对受话器的设计及发声机理进行了深入探讨和研究，找出了现有受话器还原声音存在噪音干扰主要原因是由于振膜设计不合理所致。据此，发明人打破了以往受话器组成设计的束缚，大胆提出了本发明的改进设计方案，这种改进设计方案将振膜由以往的自由振动模式改变为现在的规范振动模式，从振动、共鸣、发声的角度解决了受话器高音区亮不出来，而低音区浑厚圆润不够的问题，提高了各频段声音的保真度，减少了噪音干扰，放大了真实人声，具有环境音还原度高的特点，实践证明该改进设计方案具有突出的实质性特点和显著的技术进步，并且获得了明显的技术效果。
上述实施例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质助听器，其特征在于：
    包括麦克风、放大器以及受话器，所述受话器包括振膜(11)，以及用于驱动振膜(11)振动的线圈和磁铁；
    所述振膜(11)的至少一侧表面上设有第一沟槽(12)和第二沟槽(13)，第一沟槽(12)与第二沟槽(13)在振膜(11)的表面上呈十字交叉且相互贯通，交叉点位于振膜(11)的中心，进而将振膜(11)的表面等分成四块共振区(14)；
    所述振膜(11)于设有第一沟槽(5)和第二沟槽(6)的同侧表面中央还设有音梁组件(15)，所述音梁组件(15)包括多根条状音梁构件(15a)，所述条状音梁构件(15a)成对设置于第一沟槽(12)的两侧以及第二沟槽(13)的两侧；
    所述第一沟槽(12)与所述第二沟槽(13)分别在振膜(11)的表面上形成音隧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的全频段高音质助听器，其特征在于：相邻两所述条状音梁构件(15a)之间设有连接梁(15b)，所述连接梁(15b)横跨于所述第一沟槽(12)、所述第二沟槽(13)的上方，构成所述音梁组件(15)呈井字形；且各所述连接梁(15b)均位于所述振膜(11)表面的中心区域。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的全频段高音质助听器，其特征在于：所述振膜(11)从发音频段区分为外围的高音区、中段的中音区以及中心的低音区；
    其中，所述振膜(11)的壁厚由外至内逐渐增厚，构成低音区的壁厚大于中音区的壁厚，中音区的壁厚大于高音区的壁厚；
    所述音梁组件(15)位于所述振膜(11)的低音区。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的全频段高音质助听器，其特征在于：所述条状音梁构件(15a)的内端厚度大于外端厚度。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的全频段高音质助听器，其特征在于：所述第一沟槽(12)、所述第二沟槽(13)均为弧形槽。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的全频段高音质助听器，其特征在于：所述第一沟槽(12)及所述第二沟槽(13)的长度均小于所述振膜(11)的水平宽度；所述第一沟槽(12)和所述第二沟槽(13)的外端与振膜(11)的表面之间均设置有圆滑过渡面。
PCT/CN2020/136857 2020-08-19 2020-12-16 一种带音梁及音隧的全频段高音质助听器 WO2022036962A1 (zh)

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