WO2022036471A1 - 一种复合叶面肥及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种复合叶面肥及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2022036471A1
WO2022036471A1 PCT/CN2020/109410 CN2020109410W WO2022036471A1 WO 2022036471 A1 WO2022036471 A1 WO 2022036471A1 CN 2020109410 W CN2020109410 W CN 2020109410W WO 2022036471 A1 WO2022036471 A1 WO 2022036471A1
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parts
foliar fertilizer
compound foliar
compound
microbial
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PCT/CN2020/109410
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王绍俊
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南京溧水高新创业投资管理有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/109410 priority Critical patent/WO2022036471A1/zh
Publication of WO2022036471A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022036471A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of plant fertilizers, in particular to a compound foliar fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
  • the Chinese invention patent with the application number: CN201410180970.4 discloses a compound foliar fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
  • the compound foliar fertilizer includes the following according to the weight ratio Ingredients: 200-350 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation broth made of Lactobacillus plantarum, 200-350 parts of Bacillus subtilis fermentation broth made of Bacillus subtilis, and 30-50 parts of compound amino acid powder; Lactobacillus plantarum was deposited in the General Microbiology Center of the China Microorganism Culture Collection Management Committee on February 20, 2014, with the deposit number CGMCC No.8833; the Bacillus subtilis was deposited in the China Microorganism Culture Collection Management on February 20, 2014 Committee General Microbiology Center, deposit number CGMCC No.8834.
  • the compound foliar fertilizer can be used for foliar fertilization of various plants. .
  • the Chinese invention patent with the application number of CN201711189307.0 discloses a multi-nutrient compound foliar fertilizer for inhibiting and controlling the accumulation of cadmium in rice, and a preparation method and application, and the raw materials of the compound foliar fertilizer include nutrient elements and compound amino acids. , Rare earth elements and other trace elements beneficial for inhibiting the accumulation of Cd in rice, including surfactants, cosolvents, chelating agents and water.
  • the spraying method of the foliar fertilizer is as follows: spraying in the tillering stage and the flowering stage of the rice, once every 3 days, and twice in each period, and the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer is: each plant of the potted plant is sprayed every time.
  • the dosage is 0.1ml, diluted 200 times, and 1g of sodium sulfate is added to each liter of diluent, mixed evenly, and then sprayed.
  • the foliar fertilizer is directly dissolved in water, and a surfactant is added during preparation.
  • V add a co-solvent in an amount of 1% V/V
  • foliar fertilizer is used to inhibit the absorption of heavy metal cadmium in soil by rice.
  • the compound foliar fertilizer disclosed in the prior art takes into account the functions of nutrition and growth regulation, and is effective, the effect is relatively simple, and only focuses on the impact on the growth of crops and seldom has the effect of preventing or controlling crop diseases. And the actual production capacity is not particularly high.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects existing in the existing compound foliar fertilizer and its preparation method, and provide a new compound foliar fertilizer and its preparation method.
  • the technical problem to be solved is to make the output high, and It has the property of promoting growth, which is more suitable for practical use, and has industrial value.
  • the compound foliar fertilizer is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-8 parts of plant amino acids, 1-5 parts of gibberellin (GA4+7), microbial fermentation 100-150 parts of liquid, 20-30 parts of urea, 8-10 parts of surfactant, 1-5 parts of penetrant, 1-3 parts of preservative, 1-3 parts of chelating agent, and 200-300 parts of water.
  • the aforementioned compound foliar fertilizer wherein, the compound foliar fertilizer is mainly composed of the following raw materials by weight: 5 parts of plant amino acids, 3 parts of gibberellin (GA4+7), 120 parts of microbial fermentation broth, and 25 parts of urea , 9 parts of surfactant, 3 parts of penetrant, 2 parts of preservative, 2 parts of chelating agent, and 200 parts of water.
  • the compound foliar fertilizer is mainly composed of the following raw materials by weight: 5 parts of plant amino acids, 3 parts of gibberellin (GA4+7), 120 parts of microbial fermentation broth, and 25 parts of urea , 9 parts of surfactant, 3 parts of penetrant, 2 parts of preservative, 2 parts of chelating agent, and 200 parts of water.
  • the microorganism is a mixture of at least two or more selected from the group consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus, yeast, Pseudomonas montseri, and Bacillus pallidus.
  • the surfactant is selected from one of Tween 80 and agricultural organic silicon or a mixture thereof.
  • the penetrant is selected from one of dimethyl sulfoxide and squalane.
  • the aforementioned compound foliar fertilizer wherein the preservative is selected from any one of sorbic acid, dehydroacetic acid, sodium diacetate, and calcium propionate.
  • the chelating agent is selected from one of sodium EDTA and citric acid or a mixture thereof.
  • the method comprises the following steps:
  • the primary fermentation material obtained in the above step (1) is mixed with the microbial active diluent in a volume ratio of 10:2, and the fermentation is airtight for 5 to 7 days, and then sequentially added: vegetable amino acids, urea, Surfactant, osmotic agent, preservative, chelating agent and water continue to ferment for 80-120 hours, and then filtered to obtain clear liquid, which is secondary fermentation liquid;
  • the microbial active liquid is prepared by mixing the microbial stock solution, molasses and deionized water in a weight ratio of 1:1:75, and culturing in a closed manner for 5 days.
  • a compound foliar fertilizer of the present invention and a preparation method thereof have at least the following advantages: Plant cell division and growth, improve crop yield, quality and appearance, as well as improve crop disease resistance, drought resistance, cold resistance; and have a good control effect on a variety of crop diseases, easy to use and not easy to cause phytotoxicity, suitable for rice , vegetables, fruit trees and other food and economic crops.
  • the compound foliar fertilizer of the present invention contains preservatives and has a longer storage time.
  • the special compound foliar fertilizer of the present invention and the preparation method thereof can effectively improve the yield and quality of crops. It has many of the above-mentioned advantages and practical value, and no similar design has been published or used in similar methods, but it is indeed an innovation. It has made great progress, and has produced easy-to-use and practical effects. Compared with the existing methods, it has a number of improved functions, so it is more suitable for practical use and has extensive industrial value. It is a novel, progressive and practical method. new design.
  • the compound foliar fertilizer of the present invention is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-8 parts of plant amino acids, 1-5 parts of gibberellin (GA4+7), microbial fermentation broth 100-150 parts, 20-30 parts of urea, 8-10 parts of surfactant, 1-5 parts of penetrant, 1-3 parts of preservative, 1-3 parts of chelating agent, and 200-300 parts of water.
  • the microorganisms are a mixture of at least two or more selected from the group consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus, yeast, Pseudomonas montseri, and Bacillus pallidus.
  • the surfactant is selected from one of Tween 80, agricultural silicone, or a mixture thereof.
  • the penetrant is selected from one of dimethyl sulfoxide and squalane.
  • the preservative is selected from any one of sorbic acid, dehydroacetic acid, sodium diacetate, and calcium propionate.
  • the chelating agent is selected from one of sodium EDTA, citric acid or a mixture thereof.
  • the compound foliar fertilizer of the present invention all are prepared according to the following methods: (1) primary fermentation: rapeseed cake, soybean meal and microbial active liquid are in a weight ratio of (50-100): (50-60): (5-10 ) amount is weighed and proportioned, wherein while turning the material, spray the microbial active liquid to mix, then ferment at room temperature for 30 days, turn the heap once every 5 days, and obtain the primary fermentation material; It is mixed with deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:1:75, and it is made by airtight culture for 5 days;
  • the primary fermentation material obtained in the above step (1) is mixed with the microbial active diluent in a volume ratio of 10:2, and the fermentation is airtight for 5 to 7 days, and then sequentially added: vegetable amino acids, urea, Surfactant, osmotic agent, preservative, chelating agent and water continue to ferment for 80-120 hours, and then filtered to obtain clear liquid, which is secondary fermentation liquid;
  • Preparation of microbial active liquid Mix the microbial stock solution, molasses and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:1:75, and culture in airtight for 5 days to obtain the microbial active liquid.
  • the primary fermentation material obtained in the above step (2) is mixed with the microbial active diluent (prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times) in an amount of 10:2 by volume, and the airtight fermentation is carried out for 5 days, and then Add in order: 5 parts of vegetable amino acids, 25 parts of urea, 9 parts of surfactant, 3 parts of penetrant, 2 parts of preservatives, 2 parts of chelating agent and 200 parts of water and continue to ferment for 100 hours, and then filter to obtain clear liquid, which is the second grade fermentation broth;
  • the microbial active diluent prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times
  • Preparation of microbial active liquid Mix the microbial stock solution, molasses and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:1:75, and culture in airtight for 5 days to obtain the microbial active liquid.
  • the primary fermentation material obtained in the above step (2) is mixed with the microbial active diluent (prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times) in an amount of 10:2 by volume, and the fermentation is sealed for 7 days, and then Add in sequence: 5 parts of vegetable amino acids, 25 parts of urea, 9 parts of surfactant, 3 parts of penetrant, 2 parts of preservatives, 2 parts of chelating agent and 200 parts of water and continue to ferment for 80 hours, and then filter the clear liquid, which is the second time grade fermentation broth;
  • the microbial active diluent prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times
  • Preparation of microbial active liquid Mix the microbial stock solution, molasses and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:1:75, and culture in airtight for 5 days to obtain the microbial active liquid.
  • the primary fermentation material obtained in the above step (2) is mixed with the microbial active diluent (prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times) in an amount of 10:2 by volume, and the airtight fermentation is carried out for 5 days, and then Add in order: 5 parts of vegetable amino acids, 25 parts of urea, 9 parts of surfactant, 3 parts of penetrant, 2 parts of preservatives, 2 parts of chelating agent and 200 parts of water and continue to ferment for 100 hours, and then filter to obtain clear liquid, which is the second grade fermentation broth;
  • the microbial active diluent prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times
  • Preparation of microbial active liquid Mix the microbial stock solution, molasses and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:1:75, and culture in airtight for 5 days to obtain the microbial active liquid.
  • the primary fermentation material obtained in the above-mentioned step (2) is mixed with the microbial active diluent (prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times) in an amount of 10:2 by volume, and the airtight fermentation is carried out for 6 days, and then Add in sequence: 2 parts of vegetable amino acids, 20 parts of urea, 8 parts of surfactant, 1 part of penetrant, 3 parts of preservatives, 3 parts of chelating agent and 250 parts of water and continue to ferment for 80 hours, and then filter the clear liquid, which is the second grade fermentation broth;
  • the microbial active diluent prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times
  • Preparation of microbial active liquid Mix the microbial stock solution, molasses and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:1:75, and culture in airtight for 5 days to obtain the microbial active liquid.
  • the primary fermentation material obtained in the above-mentioned step (2) is mixed with the microbial active diluent (prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times) in an amount of 10:2 by volume, and the airtight fermentation is carried out for 6 days, and then Add in sequence: 8 parts of vegetable amino acids, 20 parts of urea, 8 parts of surfactant, 5 parts of penetrant, 1 part of preservative, 1 part of chelating agent and 250 parts of water and continue to ferment for 80 hours, and then filter to obtain clear liquid, which is the second grade fermentation broth;
  • the microbial active diluent prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times
  • Preparation of microbial active liquid Mix the microbial stock solution, molasses and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:1:75, and culture in airtight for 5 days to obtain the microbial active liquid.
  • the primary fermentation material obtained in the above step (2) is mixed with the microbial active diluent (prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times) in an amount of 10:2 by volume, and the fermentation is sealed for 7 days, and then Add in sequence: 4 parts of vegetable amino acids, 30 parts of urea, 10 parts of surfactant, 1 part of penetrant, 3 parts of preservatives, 2 parts of chelating agent and 300 parts of water and continue to ferment for 100 hours, and then filter to obtain clear liquid, which is the second grade fermentation broth;
  • the microbial active diluent prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times
  • Preparation of microbial active liquid Mix the microbial stock solution, molasses and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:1:75, and culture in airtight for 5 days to obtain the microbial active liquid.
  • the primary fermentation material obtained in the above step (2) is mixed with the microbial active diluent (prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times) in an amount of 10:2 by volume, and the fermentation is sealed for 7 days, and then Add in order: 6 parts of vegetable amino acids, 20 parts of urea, 9 parts of surfactant, 4 parts of penetrant, 2 parts of preservatives, 2 parts of chelating agent and 300 parts of water and continue to ferment for 100 hours, and then filter to obtain clear liquid, which is the second time grade fermentation broth;
  • the microbial active diluent prepared by diluting the microbial active liquid 100 times
  • the compound foliar fertilizer prepared according to the methods of Examples 1 to 6 was applied to the young fruit stage and the fruit expansion stage of Panax quinquefolium, and the dosage was 40 mL/mu each time, and it was diluted with 40 kg of water and sprayed evenly; Tomato, 40 plants in each plot, the control was sprayed with 50% Pythium WP 50g/mu, and the blank was sprayed with the same amount of clean water.
  • the average fruit weight and plot yield of each treatment were tested at harvest; the disease index of tomato gray mold leaves and fruit was investigated before the first application (fertilization), and the disease index was investigated 10 days after the second application (fertilization) and the control effect was calculated , and the statistical results are shown in Table 1.
  • the compound foliar fertilizer of the present invention can promote the absorption of water and fertilizer by plants, improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, regulate the growth of crops, promote the division and growth of plant cells, improve the yield, quality and appearance of crops, and improve crop resistance.
  • Disease, drought, cold resistance and has a good control effect on a variety of crop diseases, easy to use and not easy to cause phytotoxicity, suitable for rice, vegetables, fruit trees and other food and economic crops.
  • the compound foliar fertilizer of the present invention contains preservatives and has a longer storage time.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种复合叶面肥，所述复合叶面肥主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：植物氨基酸2～8份，赤霉素(GA4+7)1～5份，微生物发酵液100～150份，尿素20～30份，表面活性剂8～10份，渗透剂1～5份，防腐剂1～3份，螯合剂1～3份，以及水200～300份。。本发明还公开了一种复合叶面肥的制备方法。本发明的复合叶面肥为能够促进植株对水肥的吸收，提高肥料利用率，调节作物生长，促进植物细胞分裂和生长，提高作物产量、品质和外观的作用，以及提高作物抗病、抗旱、抗寒能力；并且对多种作物病害有较好的防治效果，使用方便不易产生药害，适合水稻、蔬菜、果树等各种粮食及经济作物。本发明的复合叶面肥中含有防腐剂，具有较长的保存时间。

Description

一种复合叶面肥及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于植物肥料技术领域，特别是涉及一种复合叶面肥及其制备方法。
背景技术
“肥料是植物的粮食”。中国是世界上作物残茬堆肥、人畜粪尿再循环利用最好的国家。但是仅仅依靠生态系统内部的物质循环使用，难以大幅度的提高作物单产，且长期的高密度耕作使得土壤肥力日渐下降。面对日益增加的粮食需求，化肥的出现为农作物的生长提供了新的养分来源，使得农业生产进入了新的时代，化肥对粮食增产的贡献率达到30％-50％。然而化肥的过量使用使得土壤品质日益退化、基础肥力下降和严重的环境污染，传统的根际施肥模式所带来的增产潜力已近极限，迫切需要开发绿色环保高效的新型肥料。
虽然现有技术也有公开复合型叶面肥，例如，申请号为：CN201410180970.4的中国发明专利公开了一种复合叶面肥及其制备方法，所述复合叶面肥按照重量配比包括以下成分：由植物乳杆菌制成的植物乳杆菌发酵液200份-350份，由枯草芽孢杆菌制成的枯草芽孢杆菌发酵液200份-350份，以及复合氨基酸粉30份-50份；所述植物乳杆菌于2014年2月20日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心，保藏号CGMCC No.8833；所述枯草芽孢杆菌于2014年2月20日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心，保藏号CGMCC No.8834。所述复合叶面肥可用于各种植株的叶面施肥。。
又如，申请号为：CN201711189307.0的中国发明专利公开了一种阻控水稻镉积累的多养分复合叶面肥及制备方法和应用，所述复合叶面肥的原料包括营养元素、复合氨基酸、对抑制水稻Cd积累有益的稀土元素及其它微量元素，还包括表面活性剂、助溶剂、螯合剂和水。所述叶面肥的喷施方法为，在水稻分蘖期和扬花期喷施，每隔3天喷1次，每时期喷2次，所述叶面肥的喷适量为：盆栽每株每次的用量为0.1ml，稀释200倍，每升稀释液中加入1g硫酸钠混合均匀后进行喷施，所述叶面肥直接用水定溶，配 制时添加表面活性剂，添加量为2％V/V，加入助溶剂，加入量为1％V/V，添加螯合剂，添加量为1.5％V/V。本方法采用叶面肥抑制水稻对土壤中重金属镉的吸收，喷施后水稻各部位镉积累量显著降低，同时也能促进水稻的生长。
现有技术中公开的复合型叶面肥虽然兼顾了营养、调节生长等功能，见效也较快，但效果比较单一，只注重对作物生长的影响而较少对作物病害有预防或控制效果。并且实际的产能不是特别高。
由此可见，上述现有的复合叶面肥及其制备方法，显然仍存在有不便与缺陷，而亟待加以进一步改进。为了解决现有的复合叶面肥及其制备方法中存在的问题，相关厂商莫不费尽心思来谋求解决之道，但长久以来一直未见适用的设计被发展完成，而一般又没有适切的方法能够解决上述问题，此显然是相关业者急欲解决的问题。
有鉴于上述现有的复合叶面肥及其制备方法所存在的缺陷，本发明人基于从事此类产品设计制造多年丰富的实务经验及专业知识，并配合学理的运用，积极加以研究创新，以期创设一种新的复合叶面肥及其制备方法，能够改进一般现有的复合叶面肥及其制备方法，使其更具有实用性。经过不断的研究、设计，并经反复试作及改进后，终于创设出确具实用价值的本发明。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于，克服现有的复合叶面肥及其制备方法存在的缺陷，而提供一种新的复合叶面肥及其制备方法，所要解决的技术问题是使其产量高，且具有促进生长的性能，从而更加适于实用，且具有产业上的利用价值。
本发明的目的及解决其技术问题是采用以下技术方案来实现的。
根据本发明提出的一种复合叶面肥，所述复合叶面肥主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：植物氨基酸2～8份，赤霉素(GA4+7)1～5份，微生物发酵液100～150份，尿素20～30份，表面活性剂8～10份，渗透剂1～5份，防腐剂1～3份，螯合剂1～3份，以及水200～300份。
前述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述复合叶面肥主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：植物氨基酸5份，赤霉素(GA4+7)3份，微生物发酵液120份，尿素25份，表面活性剂9份， 渗透剂3份，防腐剂2份，螯合剂2份，以及水200份。
前述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述微生物选自枯草芽孢杆菌、乳酸杆菌、酵母、蒙氏假单胞菌、苍白杆菌中的至少两种以上的混合。
前述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述表面活性剂选自吐温80、农用有机硅中的一种或其混合物。
前述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述渗透剂选自二甲基亚砜、角鲨烷中的一种。
前述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述防腐剂选自山梨酸、脱氢乙酸、双乙酸钠、丙酸钙中的任一种。
前述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述螯合剂选自EDTA钠、柠檬酸中的一种或其混合物。
本发明的目的及解决其技术问题还通过采用以下技术方案来实现。
根据本发明提出的一种制备复合叶面肥的方法，其中，所述方法包括以下步骤：
(1)初级发酵：将菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照一定比例称重配比，其中边翻料边喷洒微生物活性液混匀，然后室温发酵30天，每5天翻堆一次，得初级发酵料；
(2)次级发酵：将上述步骤(1)得到的初级发酵料与微生物活性稀释液按照体积比为10:2的量混合，密闭发酵5～7天，然后依次加入：植物氨基酸、尿素、表面活性剂、渗透剂、防腐剂、螯合剂和水继续发酵80～120小时，然后过滤得清液，即为次级发酵液；
(3)将上述步骤(2)所得的次级发酵液中加入赤霉素(GA4+7)，搅拌均匀，即得复合叶面肥。
前述的制备方法，其中，所述步骤(1)中所述菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照重量比为(50～100):(50～60):(5～10)的量进行称重配比。
前述的制备方法，其中，所述步骤(1)中所述微生物活性液是由微生物原液、糖蜜和去离子水按照重量比为1:1:75的量混合，密闭培养5天而制成。
借由上述技术方案，本发明的一种复合叶面肥及其制备方法至少具有下列优点：本发明的复合叶面肥为能够促进植株对水肥的吸收，提高肥料利用率，调节作物生长，促进植物细胞分裂和生长，提高作物产量、品质和外观的作用，以及提高作物抗病、抗旱、抗寒能力；并且对多种作物病害有较好的防治效果，使用方便不易产生药害，适合水稻、蔬菜、果树等各种粮食及经济作物。本发明的复合叶面肥中含有防腐剂，具有较长的保存时间。
综上所述，本发明特殊的复合叶面肥及其制备方法，能够有效提高提高作物产量和品质。其具有上述诸多的优点及实用价值，并在同类方法中未见有类似的设计公开发表或使用而确属创新，其不论在方法上或产品性能上皆有较大的改进，在技术上有较大的进步，并产生了好用及实用的效果，且较现有的方法具有增进的多项功效，从而更加适于实用，而具有产业的广泛利用价值，诚为一新颖、进步、实用的新设计。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，以下以本发明的较佳实施例详细说明如后。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效，以下结合较佳实施例，对依据本发明提出的复合叶面肥及其制备方法其具体实施方式、方法、步骤、结构、特征及其功效，详细说明如后。
根据本发明所述的复合叶面肥，所述复合叶面肥主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：植物氨基酸2～8份，赤霉素(GA4+7)1～5份，微生物发酵液100～150份，尿素20～30份，表面活性剂8～10份，渗透剂1～5份，防腐剂1～3份，螯合剂1～3份，以及水200～300份。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述复合叶面肥主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：植物氨基酸5份，赤霉素(GA4+7)3份，微生物发酵液120份，尿素25份，表面活性剂9份，渗透剂3份，防腐剂2份，螯合剂2份，以及水200份。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述微生物选自枯草芽孢杆菌、乳酸杆菌、酵母、蒙氏假单胞菌、苍白杆菌中的至少两种以上的混合。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述表面活性剂选自吐温80、农用有机硅中的一种或其混合物。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述渗透剂选自二甲基亚砜、角鲨烷中的一种。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述防腐剂选自山梨酸、脱氢乙酸、双乙酸钠、丙酸钙中的任一种。
在一些优选的实施例中，所述螯合剂选自EDTA钠、柠檬酸中的一种或其混合物。
根据本发明复合叶面肥，均按照以下方法制备：(1)初级发酵：将菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照重量比为(50～100):(50～60):(5～10)的量进行称重配比，其中边翻料边喷洒微生物活性液混匀，然后室温发酵30天，每5天翻堆一次，得初级发酵料；所述微生物活性液是由微生物原液、糖蜜和去离子水按照重量比为1:1:75的量混合，密闭培养5天而制成；
(2)次级发酵：将上述步骤(1)得到的初级发酵料与微生物活性稀释液按照体积比为10:2的量混合，密闭发酵5～7天，然后依次加入：植物氨基酸、尿素、表面活性剂、渗透剂、防腐剂、螯合剂和水继续发酵80～120小时，然后过滤得清液，即为次级发酵液；
(3)将上述步骤(2)所得的次级发酵液中加入赤霉素(GA4+7)，搅拌均匀，即得复合叶面肥。
以下以具体实施例详细说明。
实施例1
本实施例的复合叶面肥按照如下方法制备：
(1)微生物活性液制备：将微生物原液、糖蜜和去离子水按照重量比为1:1:75的量混合，密闭培养5天，即得微生物活性液。
(2)初级发酵：将菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照重量比为50:50:5的量进行称重配比，其中边翻料边喷洒微生物活性液混匀，然后室温发酵30天，每5天翻堆一次， 得初级发酵料。
(3)次级发酵：将上述步骤(2)得到的初级发酵料与微生物活性稀释液(微生物活性液稀释100倍制得)按照体积比为10:2的量混合，密闭发酵5天，然后依次加入：植物氨基酸5份、尿素25份、表面活性剂9份、渗透剂3份、防腐剂2份、螯合剂2份和水200份继续发酵100小时，然后过滤得清液，即为次级发酵液；
(4)将上述步骤(3)所得的次级发酵液中加入3份赤霉素(GA4+7)，搅拌均匀，即得复合叶面肥。
实施例2
本实施例的复合叶面肥按照如下方法制备：
(1)微生物活性液制备：将微生物原液、糖蜜和去离子水按照重量比为1:1:75的量混合，密闭培养5天，即得微生物活性液。
(2)初级发酵：将菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照重量比为100:60:5的量进行称重配比，其中边翻料边喷洒微生物活性液混匀，然后室温发酵30天，每5天翻堆一次，得初级发酵料。
(3)次级发酵：将上述步骤(2)得到的初级发酵料与微生物活性稀释液(微生物活性液稀释100倍制得)按照体积比为10:2的量混合，密闭发酵7天，然后依次加入：植物氨基酸5份、尿素25份、表面活性剂9份、渗透剂3份、防腐剂2份、螯合剂2份和水200份继续发酵80小时，然后过滤得清液，即为次级发酵液；
(4)将上述步骤(3)所得的次级发酵液中加入3份赤霉素(GA4+7)，搅拌均匀，即得复合叶面肥。
实施例1
本实施例的复合叶面肥按照如下方法制备：
(1)微生物活性液制备：将微生物原液、糖蜜和去离子水按照重量比为1:1:75的量混合，密闭培养5天，即得微生物活性液。
(2)初级发酵：将菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照重量比为50:50:5的量进行称重配比，其中边翻料边喷洒微生物活性液混匀，然后室温发酵30天，每5天翻堆一次，得初级发酵料。
(3)次级发酵：将上述步骤(2)得到的初级发酵料与微生物活性稀释液(微生物活性液稀释100倍制得)按照体积比为10:2的量混合，密闭发酵5天，然后依次加入：植物氨基酸5份、尿素25份、表面活性剂9份、渗透剂3份、防腐剂2份、螯合剂2份和水200份继续发酵100小时，然后过滤得清液，即为次级发酵液；
(4)将上述步骤(3)所得的次级发酵液中加入3份赤霉素(GA4+7)，搅拌均匀，即得复合叶面肥。
实施例3
本实施例的复合叶面肥按照如下方法制备：
(1)微生物活性液制备：将微生物原液、糖蜜和去离子水按照重量比为1:1:75的量混合，密闭培养5天，即得微生物活性液。
(2)初级发酵：将菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照重量比为100:60:5的量进行称重配比，其中边翻料边喷洒微生物活性液混匀，然后室温发酵30天，每5天翻堆一次，得初级发酵料。
(3)次级发酵：将上述步骤(2)得到的初级发酵料与微生物活性稀释液(微生物活性液稀释100倍制得)按照体积比为10:2的量混合，密闭发酵6天，然后依次加入：植物氨基酸2份、尿素20份、表面活性剂8份、渗透剂1份、防腐剂3份、螯合剂3份和水250份继续发酵80小时，然后过滤得清液，即为次级发酵液；
(4)将上述步骤(3)所得的次级发酵液中加入1份赤霉素(GA4+7)，搅拌均匀，即得复合叶面肥。
实施例4
本实施例的复合叶面肥按照如下方法制备：
(1)微生物活性液制备：将微生物原液、糖蜜和去离子水按照重量比为1:1:75的量混合，密闭培养5天，即得微生物活性液。
(2)初级发酵：将菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照重量比为50:60:5的量进行称重配比，其中边翻料边喷洒微生物活性液混匀，然后室温发酵30天，每5天翻堆一次，得初级发酵料。
(3)次级发酵：将上述步骤(2)得到的初级发酵料与微生物活性稀释液(微生物活性液稀释100倍制得)按照体积比为10:2的量混合，密闭发酵6天，然后依次加入：植物氨基酸8份、尿素20份、表面活性剂8份、渗透剂5份、防腐剂1份、螯合剂1份和水250份继续发酵80小时，然后过滤得清液，即为次级发酵液；
(4)将上述步骤(3)所得的次级发酵液中加入3份赤霉素(GA4+7)，搅拌均匀，即得复合叶面肥。
实施例5
本实施例的复合叶面肥按照如下方法制备：
(1)微生物活性液制备：将微生物原液、糖蜜和去离子水按照重量比为1:1:75的量混合，密闭培养5天，即得微生物活性液。
(2)初级发酵：将菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照重量比为100:50:10的量进行称重配比，其中边翻料边喷洒微生物活性液混匀，然后室温发酵30天，每5天翻堆一次，得初级发酵料。
(3)次级发酵：将上述步骤(2)得到的初级发酵料与微生物活性稀释液(微生物活性液稀释100倍制得)按照体积比为10:2的量混合，密闭发酵7天，然后依次加入：植物氨基酸4份、尿素30份、表面活性剂10份、渗透剂1份、防腐剂3份、螯合剂2份和水300份继续发酵100小时，然后过滤得清液，即为次级发酵液；
(4)将上述步骤(3)所得的次级发酵液中加入2份赤霉素(GA4+7)，搅拌均匀，即得复合叶面肥。
实施例6
本实施例的复合叶面肥按照如下方法制备：
(1)微生物活性液制备：将微生物原液、糖蜜和去离子水按照重量比为1:1:75的量混合，密闭培养5天，即得微生物活性液。
(2)初级发酵：将菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照重量比为100:50:5的量进行称重配比，其中边翻料边喷洒微生物活性液混匀，然后室温发酵30天，每5天翻堆一次，得初级发酵料。
(3)次级发酵：将上述步骤(2)得到的初级发酵料与微生物活性稀释液(微生物活性液稀释100倍制得)按照体积比为10:2的量混合，密闭发酵7天，然后依次加入：植物氨基酸6份、尿素20份、表面活性剂9份、渗透剂4份、防腐剂2份、螯合剂2份和水300份继续发酵100小时，然后过滤得清液，即为次级发酵液；
(4)将上述步骤(3)所得的次级发酵液中加入3份赤霉素(GA4+7)，搅拌均匀，即得复合叶面肥。
试验例1复合叶面肥对农作物的施用效果评价
将根据实施例1～6的方法制备得到的复合叶面肥施用于番的幼果期和果实膨大期，每次用量40mL/亩，用水40kg稀释后均匀喷雾；相同品种(霞粉)、管理番茄，每小区40株，对照为喷洒50％腐霉利可湿性粉剂50g/亩，空白为喷洒等量清水。采收时测试各处理平均单果重及小区产量；于第一次药(肥)前调查番茄灰霉病叶和果病情指数，第二次药(肥)后10天调查病情指数并计算防效，统计结果见表1。
表1.施药前后番茄叶和果实防治效果对比
Figure PCTCN2020109410-appb-000001
由上表1的结果可知，根据实施例1-6制备得到的复合叶面肥可明显增加番茄单果重和产量，同时对番茄灰霉病具有明显防效。
综上所述本发明的复合叶面肥为能够促进植株对水肥的吸收，提高肥料利用率，调节作物生长，促进植物细胞分裂和生长，提高作物产量、品质和外观的作用，以及提高作物抗病、抗旱、抗寒能力；并且对多种作物病害有较好的防治效果，使用方便不易产生药害，适合水稻、蔬菜、果树等各种粮食及经济作物。本发明的复合叶面肥中含有防腐剂，具有较长的保存时间。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的方法及技术内容作出些许的更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种复合叶面肥，所述复合叶面肥主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：植物氨基酸2～8份，赤霉素(GA4+7)1～5份，微生物发酵液100～150份，尿素20～30份，表面活性剂8～10份，渗透剂1～5份，防腐剂1～3份，螯合剂1～3份，以及水200～300份。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述复合叶面肥主要由以下重量份数的原料组成：植物氨基酸5份，赤霉素(GA4+7)3份，微生物发酵液120份，尿素25份，表面活性剂9份，渗透剂3份，防腐剂2份，螯合剂2份，以及水200份。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述微生物选自枯草芽孢杆菌、乳酸杆菌、酵母、蒙氏假单胞菌、苍白杆菌中的至少两种以上的混合。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述表面活性剂选自吐温80、农用有机硅中的一种或其混合物。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述渗透剂选自二甲基亚砜、角鲨烷中的一种。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述防腐剂选自山梨酸、脱氢乙酸、双乙酸钠、丙酸钙中的任一种。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的复合叶面肥，其中，所述螯合剂选自EDTA钠、柠檬酸中的一种或其混合物。
  8. 一种制备权利要求1～7中任一项所述的复合叶面肥的方法，其中，所述方法包括以下步骤：
    (1)初级发酵：将菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照一定比例称重配比，其中边翻料边喷洒微生物活性液混匀，然后室温发酵30天，每5天翻堆一次，得初级发酵料；
    (2)次级发酵：将上述步骤(1)得到的初级发酵料与微生物活性稀释液按照体积比为10:2的量混合，密闭发酵5～7天，然后依次加入：植物氨基酸、尿素、表面活性剂、渗透剂、防腐剂、螯合剂和水继续发酵80～120小时，然后过滤得清液，即为次级发酵液；
    (3)将上述步骤(2)所得的次级发酵液中加入赤霉素(GA4+7)，搅拌均匀，即得复合叶面肥。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的制备方法，其中，所述步骤(1)中所述菜籽饼、豆粕和微生物活性液按照重量比为(50～100):(50～60):(5～10)的量进行称重配比。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的制备方法，其中，所述步骤(1)中所述微生物活性液是由微生物原液、糖蜜和去离子水按照重量比为1:1:75的量混合，密闭培养5天而制成。
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CN115322043A (zh) * 2022-09-19 2022-11-11 青岛市农业科学研究院 一种提高桃子甜度的复合型肥料及其制备方法
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CN115815304A (zh) * 2022-12-05 2023-03-21 昆明南铂环保科技有限公司 一种多汁农业固废的自然发酵干燥处理工艺

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CN114988944A (zh) * 2022-05-31 2022-09-02 中科华瑞(深圳)生态科技有限公司 重金属阻隔剂及其制备方法、使用方法、应用
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