WO2022032787A1 - 公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置、系统及方法 - Google Patents

公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置、系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022032787A1
WO2022032787A1 PCT/CN2020/115333 CN2020115333W WO2022032787A1 WO 2022032787 A1 WO2022032787 A1 WO 2022032787A1 CN 2020115333 W CN2020115333 W CN 2020115333W WO 2022032787 A1 WO2022032787 A1 WO 2022032787A1
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Prior art keywords
water
grey
reclaimed
purification
grey water
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PCT/CN2020/115333
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘永旺
赵锂
卢兴超
尹文超
赵昕
李建业
张方斋
Original Assignee
中国建筑设计研究院有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202010813348.8A external-priority patent/CN111877454B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010813505.5A external-priority patent/CN111945817B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202021684240.5U external-priority patent/CN213268141U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202021685608.XU external-priority patent/CN213268142U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010813150.XA external-priority patent/CN111877456B/zh
Application filed by 中国建筑设计研究院有限公司 filed Critical 中国建筑设计研究院有限公司
Priority to US17/800,117 priority Critical patent/US20230075157A1/en
Publication of WO2022032787A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022032787A1/zh
Priority to ZA2023/02896A priority patent/ZA202302896B/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B1/00—Methods or layout of installations for water supply
    • E03B1/04—Methods or layout of installations for water supply for domestic or like local supply
    • E03B1/041—Greywater supply systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B1/00—Methods or layout of installations for water supply
    • E03B1/04—Methods or layout of installations for water supply for domestic or like local supply
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D5/00—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
    • E03D5/003—Grey water flushing systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B7/00—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00
    • G08B7/06—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/002—Grey water, e.g. from clothes washers, showers or dishwashers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B1/00—Methods or layout of installations for water supply
    • E03B1/04—Methods or layout of installations for water supply for domestic or like local supply
    • E03B1/041—Greywater supply systems
    • E03B2001/045—Greywater supply systems using household water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/12—Plumbing installations for waste water; Basins or fountains connected thereto; Sinks
    • E03C1/122—Pipe-line systems for waste water in building
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/30—Relating to industrial water supply, e.g. used for cooling

Definitions

  • Patent 1 Titled "An Indoor Reclaimed Water Reuse System and Method for Public Buildings", Application No. 202010813150X
  • Patent 2 Titled “An Indoor Reclaimed Water Reuse System for Public Buildings", Application No. 202021685608X
  • Patent 3 The name is “an indoor reclaimed water reuse device in public buildings", the application number is 2020108133488
  • Patent 4 the name is “an indoor reclaimed water reuse device in public buildings", the application number is 2020216842405
  • Patent 5 the name is " A control system and method for indoor reclaimed water reuse in public buildings", application number 2020108135055.
  • the present application relates to the technical field of urban water saving, and in particular, to a device, system and method for purifying and reusing indoor grey water in public buildings.
  • the existing reclaimed water treatment technologies can be roughly divided into three types, namely coagulation and filtration, biological treatment sedimentation and membrane separation. Less and the process is fast and simple, it is more and more practical in real life, and it is also favored by people.
  • Public buildings referring to schools, hotels, office buildings, etc.
  • discharge a large amount of high-quality miscellaneous drainage referring to wash basins, sinks, shower rooms, etc.
  • the treatment cost is relatively low, and the technical requirements are relatively low.
  • reclaimed water is formed, and the reclaimed water is sent to the water point (mainly used for toilet flushing) to reduce the consumption of traditional tap water.
  • the State Council issued the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, which encourages residential use of reclaimed water in buildings, and collects less polluted grey water for laundry, bathing, and household miscellaneous purposes, and then uses it to flush toilets in sequence after proper treatment.
  • the existing indoor grey water reuse technology on the market is a modular indoor reclaimed water technology suitable for residential buildings. It mainly reduces the height of the floor of the floor, collects the daily miscellaneous water on the floor, and uses it in the toilet after filtration and disinfection. Flush the toilet.
  • the proportion of water used in residential buildings is: 21% for toilet flushing, 29.3%-32% for bathing, 22.7%-22% for laundry, 6.7%-6.0% for washing, and 20%-19% for kitchen.
  • the pressure control accuracy is not high.
  • the technology is not suitable for public buildings. Taking office buildings and teaching buildings with the highest proportion in public buildings as an example, the proportion of water consumption in public buildings is 60% to 66% for toilet flushing and 40% to 34% for washing.
  • toilet water cannot meet all the water used for toilet flushing, and an overall design is required in terms of water source supplementation and control methods; on the other hand, toilets and urinals in public buildings are basically eliminated.
  • tank flushing the water facility is directly connected to the water supply pipeline, which needs to meet the water volume and water pressure requirements for flushing at the same time.
  • the present application aims to provide a device, system and method for purifying and reusing indoor grey water in public buildings, which solves the problem that indoor water use in public buildings cannot realize cascade recycling, automatic control and stable operation, and realizes indoor indoor water use in public buildings. Stable operation of grey water collection, treatment and reuse.
  • a device for purifying and reusing indoor grey water in a public building comprising a grey water storage tank, a grey water treatment component and a reclaimed water pressure water tank component arranged in sequence from top to bottom;
  • the grey water storage tank is used for storing grey water The gray water on the upper floor collected by the collection device;
  • the gray water treatment component is used to perform multi-stage purification treatment on the gray water in the gray water storage tank;
  • the reclaimed water pressure water tank component is used to sterilize the reclaimed water after And supply water to the reclaimed water reuse facility of the building through constant pressure.
  • a liquid level sensor is arranged inside the grey water storage tank, and the liquid level sensor is used to monitor the water level status in the grey water storage tank; the water level status from low to high is alarm liquid level, low liquid level, high liquid level and The overflow liquid level, the low liquid level is the start water filling level, and the high liquid level is the stop water filling level.
  • the lower edge of the tap water replenishment port is 150mm higher than the overflow liquid level.
  • the grey water treatment assembly includes a first-stage purification assembly, a second-stage purification assembly and a third-stage purification assembly connected in sequence.
  • the built-in capacity ratio of the first-stage purification assembly, the second-stage purification assembly, and the third-stage purification assembly is 2:2:1.
  • the grey water treatment assembly also includes a frequency conversion pump, an ultrafiltration membrane backwash pipe and a backwash solenoid valve;
  • the frequency conversion pump is used to pressurize the grey water collected in the grey water storage tank and then supply it to the first-stage purification assembly.
  • the ultrafiltration membrane backwashing pipe is used to discharge the impurities after the ultrafiltration membrane backwashing, and the washed liquid is discharged to the sewage riser;
  • the backwashing solenoid valve is used to control the ultrafiltration membrane backwashing process.
  • the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly includes an air pressure water tank, a pressure gauge, a dosing tank, a metering pump and a reclaimed water supply pipe; the pressure gauge is connected to the air pressure water tank, the dosing tank is connected to the air pressure tank through the metering pump, and the water pressure The water tank is connected to the water facilities on the same floor through the reclaimed water supply pipe.
  • the internal pressure of the air pressure tank is 0.15-0.20 Mpa.
  • the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly further includes an ultraviolet sterilizer, and the ultraviolet sterilizer is arranged inside the air pressure water tank or at the reclaimed water outlet of the air pressure water tank.
  • the reclaimed water outlet of the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly is connected to the grey water storage tank through the reclaimed water circulation line, and the reclaimed water circulation line is provided with a circulation switch, which can be automatically controlled.
  • an indoor reclaimed water reuse system in a public building including a grey water collection device, a tap water replenishment device, a reclaimed water reuse control system and the above-mentioned grey water purification and reuse device;
  • the grey water collection device is used to collect upper
  • the grey water purification and reuse device is used to purify and disinfect the grey water
  • the reclaimed water after purification and disinfection treatment is used for the reclaimed water reuse facility of the building;
  • Water is replenished in the water purification and reuse device, and the reclaimed water reuse control system is used for overall control of the indoor reclaimed water reuse system in public buildings.
  • the gray water collection device is connected with the reclaimed water inlet of the gray water purification and reuse device through the gray water supply pipe;
  • the tap water replenishment port of the gray water purification and reuse device is connected with the tap water replenishment device through the tap water replenishment pipe;
  • the grey water purification and reuse device is a box-type structure and is placed on the side wall of the bathroom.
  • the grey water purification and reuse device adopts a floor-mounted installation, and the box-type structure and the wall are detachably connected.
  • the reclaimed water circulation purification control assembly includes a circulation switch, and the circulation switch is arranged on the reclaimed water circulation pipeline. Since the reclaimed water in the air pressure water tank has a certain pressure, the circulation purification controller can control the opening of the circulation switch to make the air pressure water tank wait for the water to be turned on. The circulating purified water is fed into the grey water storage tank along the circulating pipeline, and is subjected to circulating purification treatment along with a new round of water production process.
  • the disinfection control component includes a disinfection controller, and the disinfection controller controls the metering pump to quantitatively add disinfectant to the air pressure water tank according to the water production volume of the variable frequency pump, and adds the disinfectant in equal proportions in combination with the water production volume to achieve reclaimed water. of disinfection.
  • the display and alarm components include a display screen and an alarm
  • the display screen is used for liquid level display, disinfectant display, and purification component filtering volume display
  • the alarm is used for gray water storage tank shortage alarm, insufficient disinfection dose alarm, and purification components. Consumables maintenance alarm.
  • the alarm mode of the alarm includes sound and color alarm.
  • the sound alarm is a sound alarm of no less than 80 decibels, and the color alarm is that the background color of the display screen is red. After the alarm fault is dealt with, it can be eliminated through the screen operation.
  • a method for reusing indoor reclaimed water in public buildings includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 The gray water collection device collects the gray water on the upper floor, and supplies the gray water from the upper floor to the gray water purification and reuse device on the next floor;
  • Step 2 The gray water purification and reuse device performs multi-stage purification treatment on the supplied gray water, and pressurizes the multi-stage purified and sterilized reclaimed water for use in the reclaimed water reuse facility on the floor.
  • the indoor grey water purification and reuse device, reclaimed water reuse system and method of the present application have at least one of the following beneficial effects:
  • the whole of the grey water purification and reuse device is a box-type structure and is arranged vertically. From top to bottom are the grey water storage tank, the grey water treatment component, and the reclaimed water pressure water tank component, which can better utilize the water weight. Force potential energy, reduce the operating energy consumption of the grey water purification and reuse device, compact structure, combined with the internal space layout of the toilets in large public buildings, greatly reduce the site space occupied by the centralized treatment of miscellaneous water, and make the installation of the gray water purification and reuse device more flexible and compatible. It is convenient, and eliminates the potential safety hazard of wrong connection between the water supply riser and the reclaimed water pipe.
  • the proportion of water consumption in public buildings is 34% to 40% for toilet water, and 60% to 66% for toilet flushing. All toilet water (high-quality miscellaneous drainage) can be collected and reused, greatly reducing toilet flushing water. In order to realize the systematic water saving of public buildings. In addition to the top layer, the system can save 34% to 40% of water, which is of great value and significance for reducing the water consumption of public buildings and improving the utilization efficiency of non-traditional water sources.
  • Multi-stage purification treatment of the collected grey water through the grey water purification and reuse device can intercept and purify the large particles, small particles and small microorganisms in the reclaimed water, and achieve high standard water effluent requirements through dosing disinfection and ultraviolet disinfection , to ensure the safety of reclaimed water reuse.
  • the reclaimed water reuse control system with a high level of intelligent control is adopted, and various types of intelligent management and control methods are used to realize the smooth progress of each link of "water intake - water storage - disinfection - water supply", so as to ensure the realization of the target of reclaimed water treatment, Reduce equipment failure rate, greatly improve the reliability and stability of system operation.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the reclaimed water reuse process of the indoor reclaimed water reuse system of public buildings in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an indoor reclaimed water reuse system in a public building in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a grey water purification and reuse device in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a control flow chart of a method for reusing indoor reclaimed water in a public building according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Grey water storage tank 1-1, grey water supply pipe; 1-2, hair filter; 1-3, overflow pipe; 1-4, emptying pipe; 1-5, emptying manual valve; 1 -6, control valve; 1-7, automatic replenishment valve; 1-8, manual replenishment valve; 1-9, tap water replenishment pipe; 1-10, liquid level sensor; 1-11, stop replenishment level; 1-12 , Start the replenishment level; 2.
  • Grey water treatment components 2-1, Frequency conversion pump; 2-2, First-level purification components; 2-3, Second-level purification components; 2-4, Third-level purification components; 2-5, check valve; 2-6, backwash solenoid valve; 2-7, ultrafiltration membrane backwash pipe; 3, reclaimed water pressure tank assembly; 3-1, pressure gauge; 3-2, dosing tank; 3-3, metering pump; 3-4, reclaimed water circulation pipeline; 3-5, ultraviolet sterilizer; 3-6, reclaimed water supply pipe; 3-7-circulation switch; 4, sewage riser; 5, shower 6. Sink; 7. Wash basin; 8. Grey water purification and reuse device; 9. Tap water replenishment outlet; 10. Overflow discharge outlet; 11. Reclaimed water outlet; 12. Stool; 13. Urinal ; 14. Floor drain; 15. Water supply riser.
  • a specific embodiment of the present application discloses an indoor reclaimed water reuse system in a public building, as shown in FIG. 2 , including a grey water collection device, a grey water purification and reuse device 8, a tap water replenishment device and a reclaimed water reuse control device system.
  • the gray water collection device is used to collect the gray water generated by the water facilities such as the shower room 5, washing pool 6, wash basin 7 on the upper floor, and the gray water collection device is connected to the shower room 5 and the washing pool 6 on the upper floor through the gray water collection pipeline. , wash basin 7 and other water facilities that produce high-quality grey water (that is, high-quality miscellaneous drainage).
  • the grey water collection device is connected to the reclaimed water inlet of the grey water purification and reuse device 8 through the grey water supply pipe 1-1, and the grey water purification and reuse device 8 is used to purify and disinfect the grey water collected by the grey water collection device , the tap water replenishment device is used to replenish water in the gray water purification and reuse device 8, so that the liquid level in the gray water purification and reuse device 8 remains stable, so that the purified and disinfected reclaimed water in the gray water purification and reuse device 8 It can meet the use of reclaimed water reuse facilities in this building.
  • the tap water replenishment port 9 of the grey water purification and reuse device 8 is connected to the tap water replenishment device through the tap water replenishment pipes 1-9, and the tap water replenishment device is connected to the tap water pipe; the reclaimed water outlet 11 of the grey water purification and reuse device 8 is connected to the building on this floor connection to the reclaimed water reuse facility.
  • the grey water purification and reuse device 8 is provided with a liquid level sensor 1-10, and the liquid level sensor 1-10 is used for sensing the high and low water level states in the grey water storage tank 1.
  • the reclaimed water reuse control system is used for overall control of the indoor reclaimed water reuse system in public buildings.
  • the reclaimed water reuse control system communicates with the grey water collection device, the tap water replenishment device, and the grey water purification and reuse device through wired or wireless means8 Through the control of valves, pumps, liquid level sensors, etc. in various devices, the automatic functions of gray water collection, reclaimed water purification and disinfection, and tap water replenishment in the system are realized.
  • the system can also display the real-time working status of the main functional components during the operation of the system, and give an alarm prompt for the shortage of water in the grey water storage tank, the insufficient disinfection dose, and the standard life of the purification component consumables.
  • FIG. 1 The process of using the indoor reclaimed water reuse system for public buildings in this embodiment to recycle reclaimed water is shown in FIG. 1 , and the method for reusing indoor reclaimed water in public buildings includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 The gray water collection device collects the gray water on the upper floor, and supplies the gray water from the upper floor to the gray water purification and reuse device 8 on the next floor.
  • the gray water collection device collects the gray water produced by the water facilities such as the shower room 5, washing pool 6, wash basin 7 on the upper floor, and discharges the collected gray water into the gray water on the next floor through the gray water supply pipe 1-1. Water purification and reuse device 8.
  • Step 2 The grey water purification and reuse device 8 performs multi-stage purification treatment on the supplied grey water, and pressurizes the reclaimed water after the multi-stage purification treatment, and then supplies it to the reclaimed water reuse facility on the floor.
  • the grey water entering the grey water purification and reuse device 8 is subjected to coarse filtration, sedimentation, fine filtration, disinfection and pressure treatment.
  • the coarse filtration measures used are hair filters
  • the precipitation measures are flocculation and emptying
  • the fine filtration measures include: primary grids, static precipitation, PP cotton filtration, activated carbon filtration, and ultra-permeable membrane filtration. Intercept and purify small microorganisms, and finally achieve high standard water effluent requirements through dosing disinfection and ultraviolet disinfection.
  • the reclaimed water after the multi-stage purification treatment enters the air pressure water tank for pressurization, and after the pressurization, it is used for the reclaimed water reuse facility on this floor.
  • the gray water storage tank 1 of the gray water purification and reuse device 8 is provided with a pre-filtering component, and the pre-filtering component performs pre-filtering treatment on the supplied gray water, intercepts impurities such as hair and large particles in the gray water, and is pre-filtered.
  • the treated gray water enters into the gray water treatment component 2.
  • the gray water is purified by PP cotton, activated carbon and ultra-permeable membrane in three stages in the gray water treatment component 2, and then enters the air pressure water tank, and is dosed quantitatively by the metering pump 3-3. After disinfection, it is transported to the reclaimed water outlet 11 at a constant pressure for use by the toilet 12 and/or urinal 13 on the floor.
  • the reclaimed water reuse control system controls the tap water replenishment device for real-time replenishment, that is, when the grey water purification and reuse device 8
  • the reclaimed water reuse control system receives the signals from the liquid level sensors 1-10, and the display of the control device shows "water shortage”.
  • the tap water replenishment port 9 is opened to replenish water.
  • the liquid level of the grey water storage tank 1 in 8 rises, the display of the control device shows "normal", and the tap water replenishment port 9 is closed.
  • the ultrafiltration membrane of the grey water treatment module 2 is automatically backwashed for one week, and is controlled by the control device.
  • the ultrafiltration membrane backwashing pipe 2-7 and the overflow pipe 1-3 are discharged through the overflow discharge port 10.
  • the reclaimed water reuse control system When the content of the disinfectant in the grey water purification and reuse device 8 is insufficient, the reclaimed water reuse control system will give an early warning.
  • the control system receives the signal uploaded by the metering pump 3-3, and the display of the control device shows "drug shortage". At this time, the dosing is manually operated. , the display of the control system shows "normal", and the metering pump 3-3 is working normally.
  • the indoor reclaimed water reuse system for public buildings provided in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
  • the proportion of water consumption in public buildings is 34% to 40% of toilet water and 60% to 66% of toilet water. All toilet water (high-quality miscellaneous drainage) can be collected and reused, greatly reducing toilet flushing. Water consumption of tap water in water, so as to achieve systematic water saving in public buildings. In addition to the top layer, the system can save 34% to 40% of water, which is of great value and significance for reducing the water consumption of public buildings and improving the utilization efficiency of non-traditional water sources.
  • the grey water purification and reuse device can carry out multi-stage purification treatment of grey water, and the purification efficiency is high: the use of multi-stage purification treatment measures can intercept and purify large particles, small particles and small microorganisms. Disinfection meets high standard water requirements.
  • the indoor gray water purification and reuse device 8 in the first embodiment includes a gray water storage tank 1, a gray water treatment component 2.
  • the whole of the gray water purification and reuse device 8 is arranged vertically, and the gray water purification and reuse device 8 is composed of a gray water storage tank 1, a gray water treatment component 2, and a reclaimed water pressure water tank from top to bottom.
  • Component 3 can better utilize the gravity potential energy of water and reduce the operating energy consumption of the grey water purification and reuse device.
  • the whole of the grey water purification and reuse device 8 is a box-type structure, which is placed on the side wall of the bathroom and is installed on the floor.
  • the gray water purification and reuse device 8 with box-type structure is divided into two parts: a device module and an outer decoration module.
  • the device module includes a gray water storage tank 1, a gray water treatment component 2, and a reclaimed water pressure water tank component 3 installed in parallel to form the device module.
  • the thickness of the device module is 30cm, the structure is flat, the width is 100cm, and the height is 2200cm.
  • the exterior decoration module is a box-type structure shell, which can be adjusted according to the actual site usage conditions. The decoration environment matches.
  • the gray water storage tank 1 is provided with a reclaimed water inlet, a tap water replenishment port 9, and an overflow discharge port 10.
  • the interior of the gray water storage tank 1 is provided with liquid level sensors 1-10, a high liquid level point, a low liquid level point, and an overflow discharge port 10.
  • the bottom of the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly 3 is provided with a reclaimed water outlet 11 .
  • the liquid level sensor 1-10 is used to sense the water level in the grey water storage tank 1, and a float valve liquid level sensor is used; the grey water inlet of the grey water storage tank 1 is connected to the upper floor through the grey water supply pipe 1-1.
  • the gray water supply pipe 1-1 is provided with a hair filter 1-2, and the hair filter 1-2 is used to remove the hair, toilet paper and other sundries in the gray water before entering the gray water storage tank 1. Do pre-filtering.
  • the overflow discharge port 10 of the gray water storage tank 1 is connected to the sewage riser 4 through the overflow pipe 1-3, and the overflow pipe 1-3 is used to discharge the high-level water in the gray water storage tank 1, and the gray water is stored
  • the sewage outlet at the bottom of the tank 1 is connected with the sewage riser 4 through the emptying pipe 1-4;
  • the sediment in the middle bottom is discharged by gravity through the emptying pipes 1-4.
  • the tap water replenishment port 9 of the grey water storage tank 1 is connected to the water supply riser 15 of the public building through the tap water replenishment pipes 1-9, and the reclaimed water outlet 11 of the water pressure water tank assembly 3 is connected to the reclaimed water reuse facility of the building.
  • the tap water replenishment pipe 1-9 is provided with automatic replenishment valve 1-7 and/or manual replenishment valve 1-8.
  • the automatic replenishment valve 1-7 is used to automatically control the tap water to replenish water to the grey water storage tank 1, and the manual replenishment valve 1- 8 is used for manual control of tap water replenishment.
  • the water outlet of the grey water storage tank 1 is connected with the water inlet of the grey water treatment assembly 2 through a first drain pipe.
  • the first drain pipe is provided with a control valve 1-6.
  • the control valve 1-6 is used to drain the grey water storage tank 1.
  • the drain pipe connected to the grey water treatment assembly 2 is controlled, and the amount of grey water supplied into the grey water treatment assembly 2 is measured; the grey water treatment assembly 2 and the reclaimed water pressure water tank assembly 3 are connected through a second drain pipe, and the second drain pipe
  • a check valve 2-5 is provided on the upper part, and the check valve 2-5 is used to prevent the reclaimed water from the reclaimed water pressure water tank assembly 3 from being poured into the grey water treatment assembly 2.
  • the bottom surface of the gray water storage tank 1 is a slope surface, which is conducive to the particles and flocs in the gray water sliding down and gathering along the slope through the action of gravity.
  • the slope of the slope surface is 5%.
  • the sewage outlet is set at the bottom end of the slope surface.
  • the grey water storage tank 1 is provided with an overflow level and a replenishment start level, and the lower edge of the tap water replenishment port 9 is 150 mm higher than the overflow level to prevent the stored grey water from contaminating the tap water. That is to say, the tap water replenishment port 9 is located above the overflow discharge port 10, the tap water replenishment pipe 1-9 and the overflow pipe 1-3 are arranged in parallel and horizontally, the tap water replenishment pipe 1-9 is higher than the overflow pipe 1-3, and the tap water The vertical distance between the center line of the water supply pipe 1-9 and the center line of the overflow pipe 1-3 is not less than 150mm; the high liquid level line is flush with the overflow pipeline, and the low liquid level line is higher than the bottom slope of the grey water storage tank 1 Top 50mm, when the liquid level drops to the low level line, start the tap water replenishment.
  • the grey water treatment assembly 2 includes a multi-stage purification assembly.
  • the grey water treatment assembly 2 includes a first-stage purification assembly 2-2, a second-stage purification assembly 2-3, and a third-stage purification assembly 2-4 connected in sequence.
  • the first-stage purification component 2-2 is used for filtering large particles, insoluble metal oxides, broken hair, etc. in the grey water.
  • the first-stage purification component 2-2 adopts PP cotton/coarse filter screen, and the PP cotton is made of polyester fiber, which has a pre-purification effect and filters colloidal impurities with a diameter greater than 5 ⁇ m in the gray water;
  • the second-stage purification component 2- 3 It is used to filter small particle size particles, organic pollutants, chromatic substances, heavy metal ions, etc. in gray water.
  • the second-stage purification component 2-3 adopts modified granular activated carbon column, and the activated carbon is a carbide with a well-developed surface microporous structure, and the micropore diameter is between 2 and 50 nm to treat the acid and alkali substances in the grey water.
  • the third-stage purification components 2-4 are used to intercept turbidity substances, macromolecular organic substances, bacteria and some viruses, improve the sensory effect of produced water, and reduce the number of microorganisms. Further, the third-stage purification components 2-4 use an internal pressure ultrafiltration membrane.
  • the ultrafiltration membrane is a polymer semi-permeable membrane with pressure as the driving force. To remove colloidal particles and macromolecules, it can separate solutions with a concentration of less than 10%.
  • the water outlet of the third-stage purification assembly 2-4 is connected with the water inlet of the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly 3 through a second drain pipe.
  • first-stage purification assembly 2-2 the second-stage purification assembly 2-3, and the third-stage purification assembly 2-4 are all cylindrical structures, and the joints are all connected by threads, which is convenient for disassembly during maintenance.
  • the first-stage purification assembly 2-2 and the second-stage purification assembly 2-2 are set differently.
  • the built-in capacity ratio of the components 2-3 and the third-stage purification components 2-4 is 2:2:1.
  • the purification components at all levels are completely consumed, they can process the same capacity of reclaimed water, so the three-stage purification components can be realized. It can be replaced at the same time, which is convenient and quick, avoids excessive system outages and long outage time due to batch replacement of purification components, and ensures the working continuity of the system.
  • the grey water treatment assembly 2 further includes a variable frequency pump 2-1, a check valve 2-5, an ultrafiltration membrane backwash pipe 2-7 and a backwash solenoid valve 2-6.
  • the variable frequency pump 2-1 is used to pressurize the grey water collected in the grey water storage tank 1 and then supply it to the first-stage purification assembly 2-2;
  • the check valve 2-5 is used to prevent the reclaimed water pressure water tank assembly 3
  • the reclaimed water is poured back into the grey water treatment component 2;
  • the ultrafiltration membrane backwash pipes 2-7 are used to discharge the impurities after the ultrafiltration membrane backwash, and the washed liquid is discharged to the sewage riser 4;
  • the backwash solenoid valve 2 -6 is used to control the ultrafiltration membrane backwashing process.
  • the reclaimed water pressure water tank assembly 3 includes an air pressure water tank, a pressure gauge 3-1, a dosing box 3-2, a metering pump 3-3, an ultraviolet sterilizer 3-5, and a reclaimed water supply pipe 3-6 .
  • the pressure gauge 3-1 is connected to the air pressure water tank.
  • the volume of the air pressure water tank is 100L.
  • the pressure gauge 3-1 is used to monitor the pressure in the air pressure tank in real time, and can display and remotely transmit the pressure of the air pressure water tank.
  • the internal pressure of the urinal is controlled at 0.15-0.20Mpa, which meets the flushing pressure requirements of the subsequent toilet 12 and/or urinal 13;
  • the medicament box 3-2 contains disinfectant, and the medicament box 3-2 passes through the metering pump 3- 3 is connected to the air pressure tank, and the metering pump 3-3 can add the disinfectant in the dosing box 3-2 into the air pressure water tank according to a certain amount;
  • the reclaimed water supply pipes 3-6 are used to transport the reclaimed water from the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly 3 to the water point.
  • the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly 3 is provided with an ultraviolet sterilizer 3-5, and the ultraviolet sterilizer 3-5 is arranged inside the air pressure water tank or at the reclaimed water outlet 11 of the air pressure water tank, and the ultraviolet sterilizer 3-5 is used for
  • the reclaimed water in the air pressure water tank is sterilized, and the sterilized reclaimed water is transported to the water point through the reclaimed water supply pipes 3-6.
  • the reclaimed water outlet 11 of the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly 3 is connected to the grey water storage tank 1 through the reclaimed water circulation line 3-4, and the reclaimed water circulation line 3-4 is provided with a circulation switch to realize the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly. 3.
  • the dosing box 3-2 is a plastic box made of translucent UPVC material, with a dosing port that can be opened on the top, and the disinfectant is a liquid disinfectant, and the type includes 84 disinfectant or sodium hypochlorite disinfectant.
  • the metering pump 3-3 is connected to the dosing box 3-2, and can automatically add medicine according to the amount of water produced.
  • the dosage of the medicine is 1 ⁇ 3mg/L according to the dosage of effective chlorine, and the dosage point of the medicine is the reclaimed water pressure water.
  • tank assembly 3 At the water inlet of tank assembly 3.
  • the grey water collection device collects the high-quality miscellaneous drainage on the upper floor through the grey water collection pipe.
  • the collected grey water is processed by the hair filter 1-2 set on the grey water supply pipe 1-1, and then supplied to the grey water storage tank. 1 inside.
  • the gray water is pressurized by the sewage pump through the control valves 1-6, and transported to the gray water treatment component 2 through the pipeline for three-stage purification treatment, and the gray water after the three-stage purification enters the middle
  • the water pressure water tank assembly 3 is stored and used for flushing the toilet through the flushing water supply pipeline.
  • the entire pipeline system is airtight, and the water pressure for toilet flushing is regulated by the sewage pump through frequency conversion through the produced water.
  • the grey water treatment process using the grey water treatment component 2 it is realized by three-stage purification treatment.
  • Component 2-4 the water production rate is controlled by the sewage pump, and the water production rate ranges from 2L/min to 10L/min, which can fill up the air pressure water tank in the fastest 10 minutes.
  • the first-stage purification is a coarse filtration process, using PP cotton/coarse filter to filter large particles, insoluble metal oxides, broken hair, etc. in the gray water
  • the second-stage purification is a fine filtration process, using modified particles
  • the activated carbon column filters the small particle size particles, organic pollutants, chromatic substances, heavy metal ions, etc.
  • the third-stage purification is an ultrafiltration process, and an internal pressure ultrafiltration membrane module is used to intercept turbidity substances and macromolecular organic substances. , bacteria and some viruses, improve the sensory effect of water production and reduce the number of microorganisms.
  • the reclaimed water after the three-stage purification treatment is stored in the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly 3.
  • the volume of the air pressure water tank is 100L.
  • the pressure gauge 3-1 monitors the pressure of the air pressure water tank in real time, and the metering pump 3-3 and the dosing Tanks 3-2 are connected, and dosing is automatically carried out according to the amount of produced water.
  • the dosing amount is 1-3 mg/L according to the effective chlorine dosage.
  • the dosing point is the water inlet of the reclaimed water pressure tank assembly 3.
  • the purified water enters the water supply pipes of the toilets 12 and urinals 13 on the same floor.
  • the gray water storage tank 1 continues to enter water, the gray water level continues to rise.
  • the gray water is automatically overflowed and discharged into the sewage riser 4 .
  • the automatic replenishment valve 1-7 With the continuous production of water in the grey water storage tank 1, when the liquid level in the grey water storage tank 1 continues to drop, when it drops to the start-up level of replenishment, the automatic replenishment valve 1-7 is opened, and tap water is supplied through the tap water replenishment pipes 1-9. Water replenishment; when the automatic replenishment valve 1-7 cannot be opened due to a fault, manually open the manual replenishment valve 1-8 of the parallel facility for tap water replenishment. With the continuous replenishment of tap water, the liquid level of the grey water storage tank 1 gradually increases, and the automatic water replenishment valves 1-7 are automatically closed when the overflow liquid level is reached.
  • the sediments in the grey water storage tank 1 pass through the bottom slope of the grey water storage tank 1 and accumulate at the bottom of the water tank under the action of gravity. For a long time, open the emptying manual valves 1-5, and the sediment is discharged into the sewage riser 4 under the flushing of gray water.
  • the reclaimed water after three-stage purification treatment can meet the following water quality requirements:
  • the device for purifying and reusing indoor grey water in public buildings provided in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
  • the whole of the grey water purification and reuse device is a box-type structure and is arranged vertically. From top to bottom are the grey water storage tank, the grey water treatment component, and the reclaimed water pressure water tank component, which can make better use of water.
  • the weight force and potential energy can reduce the operating energy consumption of the grey water purification and reuse device, and the structure is compact. Combined with the internal space layout of the toilets in large public buildings, the site space occupied by the centralized treatment of miscellaneous water will be greatly reduced, and the installation of the gray water purification and reuse device will be more convenient. It is flexible and convenient, and eliminates the potential safety hazard of wrong connection between the water supply riser and the reclaimed water pipe.
  • Multi-stage purification treatment of reclaimed water can intercept and purify large particles, small particles and tiny microorganisms in reclaimed water, and achieve high standard water effluent requirements through dosing disinfection and ultraviolet disinfection, ensuring the reuse of reclaimed water. safety.
  • the internal pressure of the air pressure tank is controlled at 0.15-0.20Mpa, which meets the flushing pressure requirements of the subsequent toilets and urinals.
  • the air pressure tank and pressure gauge By setting the air pressure tank and pressure gauge, the water produced can be adjusted by frequency conversion, and the treated reclaimed water will not leak. It can realize the function of processing-storage-water supply through one pressurization, and reduce the overall energy consumption of the system; the pressure gauge monitors the pressure in the air pressure tank, and can display and remotely transmit the pressure of the air pressure water tank, which improves the purification and reuse of grey water. The degree of intelligent control of the device.
  • the reclaimed water outlet of the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly is connected to the grey water storage tank through the reclaimed water circulation line, and the reclaimed water circulation line is provided with a circulation switch to realize the reclaimed water circulation between the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly and the grey water storage tank, Systematic water saving can be achieved, and at the same time, the reclaimed water of the reclaimed water pressure tank assembly can be prevented from not being reused, resulting in the deterioration of water quality and affecting the safe water supply for flushing toilets.
  • the existing indoor drainage method of the building is that after the upper floor appliances use water, the produced water is gravity discharged to the lower floor roof along the drainage pipeline, and finally discharged to the sewage riser through the transverse branch pipe laid on the lower ceiling.
  • This embodiment discloses the construction method of the indoor reclaimed water reuse system of the public building in the first embodiment.
  • the independent collection of high-quality miscellaneous drainage (washing, washing, showering) of the upper public building is realized, After purification and disinfection, it is reused for flushing toilets on the lower floor.
  • the construction method of indoor reclaimed water reuse system in public buildings is as follows:
  • the gray water supply pipe 1-1 is interspersed through the reserved opening of the bathroom structure floor and enters the next floor.
  • install the gray water purification and reuse device 8 insert the gray water supply pipe 1-1 into the gray water supply pipe socket of the gray water purification and reuse device 8, and seal and fix it;
  • the reclaimed water outlet 11 is connected with the water facilities of the building through pipelines;
  • the tap water supply pipes 1-9 are connected with the grey water purification and reuse device 8;
  • the overflow discharge port 10 in the grey water purification and reuse device 8 is connected Connect with the sewage riser 4.
  • the grey water purification and reuse device 8 Before installing the grey water purification and reuse device 8, measure the actual length from the bottom of the exposed straight pipe of the special part of the grey water supply pipe 1-1 under the toilet roof to the top of the grey water supply pipe socket of the grey water purification and reuse device 8 according to the on-site measurement. , select the corresponding length of gray water supply pipe 1-1 according to the measured length. Further, the material of the grey water supply pipe 1-1 is rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U).
  • the water supply pipes of the toilets 12 and urinals 13 on the same floor as the grey water purification and reuse device 8 are reconstructed.
  • the toilet 12 and the urinal 13 are connected, and the toilet 12 and the urinal 13 are only supplied by the reclaimed water pressure water tank assembly 3 on the same floor.
  • the gray water storage tank 1, the gray water treatment assembly 2, and the reclaimed water pressure water tank assembly 3 are constructed vertically, which can better utilize the gravity potential energy of water and reduce the operation of the gray water purification and reuse device. energy consumption.
  • the whole of the grey water purification and reuse device 8 is constructed as a box structure, including a device module and an external decoration module.
  • the thickness of the device module is 30cm, the structure is flat, the width is 100cm, and the height is 2200cm, which can be placed on the side wall of the bathroom.
  • the exterior decoration module can be adjusted according to the actual site usage conditions. It is upright (from the lower floor to the upper ceiling) and consists of a fixed part and an open fan.
  • the exterior facade can be hung with tiles or other decoration materials to match the toilet decoration environment.
  • the thickness of the structural layer of the toilet building shall not be less than 100mm.
  • the sewage riser When the sewage riser is set in the toilet, the sewage riser should be reserved to pass through the floor hole.
  • the size of the opening of a single riser is not less than 400mm ⁇ 450mm, and the size of the opening of a double riser is not less than 400mm ⁇ 500mm, and should cooperate with the professional structure.
  • the size of the hole left by the side discharge pipe through the wall is not less than 200mm ⁇ 250mm, and it should cooperate with the structure professional.
  • the sewage riser is arranged on the same side as the toilet 12, and the distance between the center of the sewage riser and the center of the toilet 12 is not more than 1000mm.
  • the construction method of the indoor reclaimed water reuse system in the public building of this embodiment has the following features:
  • the gray water purification and reuse device is constructed as a box-type structure as a whole and arranged vertically, and the gray water storage tank, the gray water treatment component, and the reclaimed water pressure water tank component are built in sequence from top to bottom, which can better Utilize the gravity potential energy of water to reduce the operating energy consumption of the grey water purification and reuse device.
  • the structure is compact. Combined with the internal space layout of the toilets in large public buildings, the site space occupied by the centralized treatment of miscellaneous water will be greatly reduced, and the gray water purification and reuse device will be greatly reduced. The installation is more flexible and convenient, and the safety hazard of wrong connection between the water supply riser and the reclaimed water pipe is eliminated.
  • Embodiment 1 Another specific embodiment of the present application discloses the reclaimed water reuse control system used in Embodiment 1 for controlling the operation of the indoor reclaimed water reuse system in public buildings, that is, an indoor reclaimed water reuse control system in public buildings is disclosed , including raw water tank level control components, tap water replenishment control components, reclaimed water circulation purification control components, disinfection control components and display and alarm components.
  • the raw water tank liquid level control assembly is used to control the liquid level height in the grey water storage tank 1, including the water level controller and the liquid level sensor 1-10.
  • the liquid level sensor 1-10 is used to sense the alarm in the grey water storage tank 1 Liquid level, low liquid level, high liquid level and overflow liquid level, the liquid level height from low to high is the alarm liquid level, low liquid level, high liquid level, overflow liquid level, and the low liquid level is the start-up replenishment liquid level 1-12, the high liquid level is the stop water replenishment level 1-11.
  • the liquid level sensors 1-10 can transmit the liquid level information monitored in real time to the water level controller, and the water level controller controls the tap water replenishment control component according to the received liquid level information, thereby controlling the liquid level height in the grey water storage tank 1 .
  • the water level controller can also transmit water level information and alarm information to the display and alarm assembly, and display it on the display screen of the display and alarm assembly.
  • Tap water replenishment control components including replenishment controller, automatic replenishment valve 1-7 and manual replenishment valve 1-8.
  • the replenishment controller is used to control the automatic replenishment valve 1-7 to open and close.
  • the liquid level sensor 1-10 monitors the liquid level When the low liquid level is reached, the water replenishment controller controls the automatic replenishment valve 1-7 to open.
  • the replenishment controller controls the automatic replenishment valve 1-7 to close.
  • the liquid level sensor 1-10 detects that the liquid level in the grey water storage tank 1 reaches the alarm liquid level
  • the liquid level sensor 1-10 transmits the alarm liquid level information to the liquid level controller, and the liquid level controller sends the alarm liquid level information to the liquid level controller.
  • the information is displayed on the display screen of the system, reminding the automatic replenishment valve 1-7 to open automatically, or manually opening the manual replenishment valve 1-8; when the liquid level sensor 1-10 detects that the liquid level in the grey water storage tank 1 reaches a low level When the level is at 1-10, the liquid level sensor 1-10 transmits the low liquid level information to the liquid level controller, and the liquid level controller opens the tap water automatic water replenishment valve 1-7 by controlling the water replenishment controller of the tap water replenishment control component to carry out tap water replenishment, so that the liquid When the liquid level sensor 1-10 monitors that the liquid level in the grey water storage tank 1 rises to the high liquid level, the liquid level sensor 1-10 transmits the high liquid level information to the liquid level controller, and the liquid level The controller closes the tap water automatic replenishment valve 1-7 by controlling the replenishment controller of the tap water replenishment control component, and stops the tap water replenishment; when the liquid level sensor 1-10 monitors that the liquid level reaches the overflow level, the gray water storage tank 1 The raw water overflows automatically and flows
  • the reclaimed water circulation purification control assembly is used for the startup cycle purification and regular cycle purification of the reclaimed water in the reclaimed water pressure water tank assembly 3 .
  • the reclaimed water circulation purification control component includes the circulation purification controller, the circulation switch 3-7 and the circulation equipment.
  • the circulation equipment adopts the circulation pump.
  • the circulation switch 3-7 is set on the reclaimed water circulation pipeline 3-4.
  • the circulation purification controller controls the circulation switch 3 -7 and then control the circulating pump to discharge the water to be circulated and purified in the air pressure water tank to the grey water storage tank 1 along the circulation pipeline 3-4, and carry out the circulating purification treatment with the new round of water production process.
  • the cycle purification when the machine is turned on that is, when the machine is powered on
  • the cycle equipment starts to purify and filter all the water stored in the air pressure water tank.
  • the purification time is calculated according to the maximum water storage volume and water production rate of the air pressure water tank. Make sure that the overall boot cleaning time does not exceed 2 minutes.
  • Regular cycle purification that is, when the water storage in the air pressure water tank is not used for more than 12 hours, all the water stored in the air pressure water tank will be recycled and purified.
  • the disinfection control component includes a disinfection controller.
  • the disinfection controller doses the disinfectant quantitatively by controlling the metering pump 3-3 according to the water output of the variable frequency pump 2-1.
  • the disinfectant is a liquid disinfectant, and the types include 84 disinfectant or sodium hypochlorite disinfectant.
  • Display and alarm components screen display and alarm according to the input information of raw water tank liquid level control components, tap water replenishment control components, reclaimed water circulation purification control components, and disinfection control components.
  • Display and alarm components include display and alarm, the display is used for liquid level display, disinfectant display, purification component filter volume display, alarm is used for gray water storage tank water shortage alarm, disinfectant dose insufficient alarm, purification component consumables maintenance alarm .
  • the triggering method of the water shortage alarm in the grey water storage tank is: when the liquid level reaches the alarm level, and when the dose in the disinfectant container is insufficient; Metered, when the maximum filtration capacity of the purification assembly is reached, the alarm sends out a consumable maintenance alarm.
  • the alarm mode of the alarm includes sound and color alarm.
  • the sound alarm is a sound alarm of no less than 80 decibels, and the color alarm is that the background color of the display screen is red. After the alarm fault is dealt with, it can be eliminated through the screen operation.
  • the control process of the indoor reclaimed water reuse system of the public building in Embodiment 1 by using the reclaimed water reuse control system of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the control method for indoor reclaimed water reuse in public buildings includes the following control processes:
  • the circulation equipment of the reclaimed water circulation purification control assembly is started, and all the reclaimed water stored in the air pressure water tank is discharged into the grey water storage tank 1 through the reclaimed water circulation pipeline 3-4, and at the same time/slightly.
  • the gray water generated on the upper floor enters the gray water storage tank 1 through the gray water collection pipe and the gray water supply pipe 1-1 in turn, and enters the reclaimed water in the grey water storage tank 1 (including the reclaimed water purified by the startup cycle and the upper
  • the grey water produced on the first floor enters the air pressure water tank after three-stage purification by the grey water treatment component 2; the reclaimed water entering the air pressure water tank is pressurized for the reclaimed water reuse facility on this floor.
  • the liquid level sensor 1-10 When the liquid level sensor 1-10 detects that the liquid level in the grey water storage tank 1 reaches the alarm liquid level, the liquid level sensor 1-10 transmits the alarm liquid level information to the liquid level controller, and the liquid level controller sends the alarm liquid level information to the liquid level controller.
  • the information is displayed on the display screen of the system to remind the automatic water replenishment valve 1-7 to open automatically, or manually open the manual water replenishment valve 1-8; when the liquid level sensor 1-10 detects that the liquid level in the grey water storage tank 1 is lower than the overflow When the liquid level is reached, the liquid level sensor 1-10 transmits the low liquid level information to the liquid level controller, the liquid level controller does not act, the grey water storage tank 1 continuously collects the grey water on the upper floor, and the collected grey water enters the grey water treatment
  • the three-stage purification process is carried out in component 2, and the continuously produced water enters the air pressure water tank; when the liquid level sensor 1-10 monitors that the liquid level in the gray water storage tank 1 reaches the low level, the liquid level sensor 1-10 will be low.
  • the liquid level information is transmitted to the liquid level controller, and the liquid level controller opens the tap water automatic replenishment valve 1-7 through the replenishment controller of the tap water replenishment control component, or manually controls the manual replenishment valve 1-8 to make tap water replenishment, so that the liquid
  • the liquid level sensor 1-10 monitors that the liquid level in the grey water storage tank 1 rises to the high liquid level
  • the liquid level sensor 1-10 transmits the high liquid level information to the liquid level controller, and the liquid level
  • the controller closes the tap water automatic replenishment valve 1-7 by controlling the replenishment controller of the tap water replenishment control component, or manually closes the manual replenishment valve 1-8 to stop the tap water replenishment; when the liquid level sensor 1-10 monitors that the liquid level reaches the overflow
  • the raw water in the grey water storage tank 1 overflows automatically and flows into the sewage riser 4 through the overflow pipes 1-3.
  • the circulation switch 3-7 of the reclaimed water circulation purification control assembly is activated, and all the reclaimed water stored in the air pressure water tank is passed through the reclaimed water circulation pipeline 3 -4 is discharged into the grey water storage tank 1 for recycling purification treatment, and the reclaimed water after recycling purification treatment enters the air pressure water tank again.
  • disinfection control component to carry out disinfection control on the produced reclaimed water, specifically:
  • the disinfection controller of the disinfection control component quantitatively doses the disinfectant in the dosing box 3-2 into the air pressure water tank by controlling the metering pump 3-3 according to the water production volume of the frequency conversion pump 2-1 for disinfection.
  • control the metering pump 3-3 to start working, according to the power of the variable frequency pump, put in different metered disinfectants.
  • the frequency conversion pump 2-1 is suspended, no more disinfectant is put into the air pressure water tank.
  • the display and alarm components are used for working status display and alarm control, specifically:
  • the display and alarm components now display the working status information on the display screen according to the information transmitted by the original water tank level control components, tap water replenishment control components, reclaimed water circulation purification control components, and disinfection control components, and the alarm stores the grey water according to the working status information
  • the alarm method is to use the red background display on the screen and/or sound alarm.
  • the working status information includes liquid level status information, residual amount of disinfectant information, and information on the completed filtration volume of the purification component.
  • the triggering method of water shortage alarm in grey water storage tank is: alarm when the liquid level reaches the alarm liquid level; the alarm triggering method of insufficient dose of medicine is: when the metering data of metering pump 3-3 shows that the dose of medicine in the dosing box 3-2 is insufficient;
  • the triggering method of the maintenance alarm of the purification component consumables is: according to the filtration volume of the purification component, it is measured by the workload of the variable frequency pump. When the control valve 1-6 monitors that the water production volume reaches the maximum filtration volume of the purification component, the alarm will issue a consumable maintenance alarm.
  • the liquid level sensor 1-10 monitors the alarm liquid level in the grey water storage tank 1, an alarm for lack of water in the grey water storage tank is realized; when the metering data of the metering pump 3-3 shows that the When the dose is insufficient, an alarm for insufficient dose is performed; when the control valve 1-6 monitors that the produced water volume reaches the maximum filtration volume of the purification component, the alarm will issue a consumables maintenance alarm.
  • the real-time change value of the liquid level in the grey water collection tank is sensed by the liquid level sensor 1-10.
  • the liquid level sensor sends the model number to the control system. The screen will remind in the form of alarm state. When the liquid level value increases, the alarm signal will be turned off.
  • the control system for indoor reclaimed water reuse in public buildings controls the liquid level in the grey water storage tank through the automatic liquid level control component of the original water tank; controls the grey water storage tank through the tap water replenishment control component.
  • the height of the internal liquid level ensures that the reclaimed water in the grey water storage tank maintains a stable and safe working level;
  • the reclaimed water circulation purification control component controls the start-up cycle purification and regular cycle purification of the reclaimed water in the reclaimed water air pressure water tank assembly to achieve medium
  • the water pressure water tank is connected with the grey water storage tank, and a reclaimed water circulation circuit is established to prevent the reclaimed water of the reclaimed water pressure water tank assembly from not being reused for a long time, and the water quality will deteriorate, which will affect the safe water supply for toilet flushing;
  • the metering pump is controlled by the disinfection control component Dosing disinfectant quantitatively, and adding disinfectant in equal proportions in combination with water production to realize the disinfection of reclaimed
  • the control system of indoor reclaimed water reuse in public buildings has a high level of intelligent control.
  • Various types of intelligent management and control methods are used to realize the integration of each link of "water intake - water storage - disinfection - water supply”.
  • the smooth progress ensures the realization of the target of reclaimed water treatment, reduces the equipment failure rate, and greatly improves the reliability and stability of the system operation.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置、系统及方法，属于城市节水领域，解决了公共建筑室内用水无法实现梯级循环利用及自动控制稳定运行的问题。灰水净化回用装置包括自上而下依次设置的灰水储存箱、灰水处理组件和中水气压水罐组件；灰水储存箱用于储存灰水收集装置收集的上一楼层灰水；灰水处理组件用于将灰水储存箱内的灰水进行多级净化处理；中水气压水罐组件用于将多级净化处理后的中水消毒以及通过恒压方式向本层建筑的中水回用设施供水。本申请实现了公共建筑室内灰水的收集、处理和回用，能够利用室内灰水替代自来水进行冲厕，大幅降低公共建筑的自来水用水量，提高城市节水效率。

Description

公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置、系统及方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年08月13日提交的5件中国专利申请的优先权，5件中国专利为：
专利1：名称为“一种公共建筑室内中水回用系统及方法”、申请号为202010813150X；专利2：名称为“一种公共建筑室内中水回用系统”、申请号为202021685608X；专利3：名称为“一种公共建筑室内中水回用装置”、申请号为2020108133488；专利4：名称为“一种公共建筑室内中水回用装置”、申请号为2020216842405；专利5：名称为“一种公共建筑室内中水回用控制系统及方法”、申请号为2020108135055。
将上述5件专利申请的全部内容在此引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及城市节水技术领域，尤其涉及一种公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置、系统及方法。
背景技术
近年来，随着城镇经济的高速发展，百姓的社会化服务需求增加，公共建筑在城市建筑中的占比逐步增加，由此引发了公共建筑用水所占城镇总用水量比重随之持续增加。在城市高效节水的总体背景下，城市公共建筑节水已经成为城市节水的重要工作，而提高用水效率，深度挖掘非传统水资源是解决缺水问题的重要途径。在国内外绿色建筑标准中，对用水效率、可持续管理和雨水利用都已经进行了相应的研究并提出了具体要求。近年来的研究表明，相对来说污水处理与回用是更为重要的、可持续的水资源，而且这部分水资源并没有充分开发利用，污水处理与回用将成为其最大最稳定的供水来源。
现有的中水回用处理技术大致分为三种，分别为混凝及过滤、生物处理沉淀和膜分离，其中前两种占地面积大且处理耗时长，第三种相对来讲占地少且过程快捷简单，在实际生活中越来越实用，也来受人们的青睐。公共建筑(指学校、宾馆、办公楼等)日常生活中排放大量的优质杂排水(指洗手盆、洗涤池、淋浴间等)，处理起来成本较低，技术要求也比较低。通过对优质杂排水进行收集、过滤、沉淀、净化和消毒处理，形成中水，并将中水送到用水点(主要用于冲厕)，以降低传统自来水的使用量。
2015年4月，国务院印发《水污染防治行动计划》，鼓励居民住宅使用建筑中水， 将洗衣、洗浴和生活杂用等污染较轻的灰水收集并经适当处理后，循序用于冲厕。目前，市场上现有的室内灰水回用技术为适用于住宅的模块化户内中水技术，主要通过降低本楼层底板高度，收集本楼层的生活杂用水，经过滤消毒后用到坐便器进行冲厕。住宅类建筑的用水比例分别为：冲厕21％、沐浴29.3％～32％、洗衣22.7％～22％、盥洗6.7％～6.0％、厨房20％～19％，由于该技术主要依托于住宅的洗衣、洗澡和盥洗的优质杂排水，灰水水量充沛，完全能够满足住宅冲厕的回用需求，不用通过自来水进行补水，同时处理后的水直接回用到坐便器水箱，对于回用中水的压力控制精度不高。但是，该技术不适用于公共建筑。以公共建筑中比例最高的办公楼、教学楼为例，公共建筑的用水分项比例分别为冲厕60％～66％、盥洗40～34％。一方面，通过收集以盥洗水为代表的优质杂排水，不能满足全部冲厕用水，在水源补充和控制方法上需要进行整体设计；另一方面，公共建筑的大便器和小便器冲厕基本淘汰了水箱式冲洗，用水设施直接连接供水管道，需要同时满足冲厕的水量、水压需求。
发明内容
鉴于上述的分析，本申请旨在提供一种公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置、系统及方法，解决了公共建筑室内用水无法实现梯级循环利用、自动控制稳定运行的问题，实现了公共建筑室内灰水的收集、处理和回用的稳定运行。
本申请的目的主要是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一方面，提供一种公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，包括自上而下依次设置的灰水储存箱、灰水处理组件和中水气压水罐组件；灰水储存箱用于储存灰水收集装置收集的上一楼层灰水；灰水处理组件用于将灰水储存箱内的灰水进行多级净化处理；中水气压水罐组件用于将多级净化处理后的中水消毒，并通过恒压方式向本层建筑的中水回用设施供水。
进一步地，灰水储存箱的内部设有液位传感器，液位传感器用于监测灰水储存箱内的水位状态；水位状态从低到高依次为报警液位、低液位、高液位和溢流液位，低液位为启动补水液位，高液位为停止补水液位。
进一步地，自来水补水口的下缘高于溢流液位150mm。
进一步地，灰水处理组件包括依次连接的第一级净化组件、第二级净化组件和第三级净化组件。
进一步地，第一级净化组件、第二级净化组件、第三级净化组件的内置容量比值为2:2:1。
进一步地，灰水处理组件还包括变频泵、超滤膜反冲洗管和反冲洗电磁阀；变频泵用于将灰水储存箱中收集的灰水进行加压后供入第一级净化组件中；超滤膜反冲洗管用于排放超滤膜反冲洗后的杂质，并将冲洗后的液体排放至污水立管；反冲洗电磁 阀用于控制超滤膜反冲洗过程。
进一步地，中水气压水罐组件包括气压水罐、压力表、加药箱、计量泵和中水供水管；压力表与气压水罐连接，加药箱通过计量泵与气压罐连接，水气压水罐通过中水供水管与同楼层的用水设施连接。
进一步地，气压罐的内部压力为0.15～0.20Mpa。
进一步地，中水气压水罐组件还包括紫外线消毒器，紫外线消毒器设于气压水罐的内部或者设于气压水罐的中水出水口。
进一步地，中水气压水罐组件的中水出水口通过中水循环管线与灰水储存箱连接，中水循环管线上设有循环开关，能够进行自动控制。
另一方面，提供一种公共建筑室内中水回用系统，包括灰水收集装置、自来水补水装置、中水回用控制系统和上述的灰水净化回用装置；灰水收集装置用于收集上一楼层产生的灰水，灰水净化回用装置用于对灰水进行净化和消毒处理，净化消毒处理后的中水供本层建筑的中水回用设施使用；自来水补水装置用于向灰水净化回用装置中进行补水，中水回用控制系统用于对公共建筑室内中水回用系统进行整体控制。
进一步地，灰水收集装置通过灰水供入管与灰水净化回用装置的中水进入口连接；灰水净化回用装置的自来水补水口通过自来水补水管与自来水补水装置连接；灰水净化回用装置的中水出水口与本层建筑的中水回用设施连接。
进一步地，灰水净化回用装置为箱式结构，摆放于卫生间边墙处。
进一步地，灰水净化回用装置采用落地式安装，箱式结构与墙体之间为可拆卸连接。
进一步地，中水循环净化控制组件包括循环开关，循环开关设于中水循环管线上，由于气压水罐的中水具有一定压力，循环净化控制器通过控制循环开关的开启，能够使气压水罐中待循环净化的水，沿循环管线供入灰水储存箱，随着新一轮的产水过程进行循环净化处理。
进一步地，消毒控制组件包括消毒控制器，消毒控制器根据变频泵的产水量，通过控制计量泵向气压水罐内定量投加消毒剂，结合产水量进行等比例投加消毒剂，实现中水的消毒。
进一步地，显示和报警组件包括显示屏和报警器，显示屏用于液位显示、消毒剂显示、净化组件过滤体积显示，报警器用于灰水储存箱缺水报警、消毒剂量不足报警、净化组件耗材维护报警。报警器的报警方式包含声音和颜色报警，声音报警为不低于80分贝的声音报警，颜色报警为显示屏背景颜色显示为红色，报警故障处理后，可以通过屏幕操作进行消除。
再一方面，还提供一种公共建筑室内中水回用方法，基于上述的公共建筑室内中水回用系统，包括如下步骤：
步骤一：灰水收集装置收集上一楼层灰水，并将上层灰水供入下一楼层的灰水净 化回用装置中；
步骤二：灰水净化回用装置对供入的灰水进行多级净化处理，对多级净化处理、消毒后的中水加压后，供本楼层的中水回用设施使用。
与现有技术相比，本申请的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置、中水回用系统及方法至少具有如下有益效果之一：
a)通过设置错层排水系统，将上一楼层的优质杂排水进行收集，净化消毒后供本层便器(大便器和/或小便器)的冲洗使用，实现分散式错层排水的目标，解决了公共建筑生活杂用水收集难的问题。
b)灰水净化回用装置的整体为箱式结构且呈竖向布置，自上而下依次为灰水储存箱、灰水处理组件、中水气压水罐组件，能够更好的利用水体重力势能，降低灰水净化回用装置的运行能耗，结构紧凑，结合大型公共建筑卫生间内部的空间布局，大大降低杂用水集中处理所占用场地空间，使灰水净化回用装置安装更加灵活与便利，而且杜绝了给水立管与中水管错接混接的安全隐患。
c)公共建筑的用水分项比例为盥洗用水34％～40％，冲厕用水比例为60％～66％，能够将全部盥洗水(优质杂排水)进行收集和回用，大幅降低冲厕用水中的自来水用水量，从而实现公共建筑的系统节水。除顶层外，能够实现系统节水34％～40％，对降低公共建筑的水资源消耗、提升非传统水源利用效率，具有重要的价值和意义。
d)通过灰水净化回用装置对收集的灰水进行多级净化处理，能够对中水中的大颗粒、小颗粒、细小微生物进行拦截净化，并通过加药消毒、紫外消毒达到高标准出水要求，保证了中水回用的安全性。
e)采用智控化水平高的中水回用控制系统，通过多种类型智能化管控方式实现“进水—储水—消毒—供水”各个环节的顺利进行，保证中水处理目标的实现，降低设备故障率，大幅提高了系统运行的可靠性和稳定性。
本申请中，上述各技术方案之间还可以相互组合，以实现更多的优选组合方案。本申请的其他特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分优点可从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本申请而了解。本申请的目的和其他优点可通过说明书以及附图中所特别指出的内容中来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图仅用于示出具体实施例的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制，在整个附图中，相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。
图1为本申请实施例中公共建筑室内中水回用系统的中水回用流程示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中公共建筑室内中水回用系统的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中灰水净化回用装置的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中公共建筑室内中水回用方法的控制流程图。
附图标记：
1、灰水储存箱；1-1、灰水供入管；1-2、毛发过滤器；1-3、溢流管；1-4、排空管；1-5、排空手动阀；1-6、控制阀；1-7、自动补水阀；1-8、手动补水阀；1-9、自来水补水管；1-10、液位传感器；1-11、停止补水液位；1-12、启动补水液位；2、灰水处理组件；2-1、变频泵；2-2、第一级净化组件；2-3、第二级净化组件；2-4、第三级净化组件；2-5、止回阀；2-6、反冲洗电磁阀；2-7、超滤膜反冲洗管；3、中水气压水罐组件；3-1、压力表；3-2、加药箱；3-3、计量泵；3-4、中水循环管线；3-5、紫外线消毒器；3-6、中水供水管；3-7-循环开关；4、污水立管；5、淋浴间；6、洗涤池；7、洗手盆；8、灰水净化回用装置；9、自来水补水口；10、溢流排放口；11、中水出水口；12、大便器；13、小便器；14、地漏；15、给水立管。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图来具体描述本申请的优选实施例，其中，附图构成本申请一部分，并与本申请的实施例一起用于阐释本申请的原理，并非用于限定本申请的范围。
实施例1
本申请的一个具体实施例，公开了一种公共建筑室内中水回用系统，如图2所示，包括灰水收集装置、灰水净化回用装置8、自来水补水装置和中水回用控制系统。
灰水收集装置用于收集上一楼层淋浴间5、洗涤池6、洗手盆7等用水设施产生的灰水，灰水收集装置通过灰水收集管道与上一楼层的淋浴间5、洗涤池6、洗手盆7等产生优质灰水(也即优质杂排水)的用水设施连接。
灰水收集装置通过灰水供入管1-1与灰水净化回用装置8的中水进入口连接，灰水净化回用装置8用于对灰水收集装置收集的灰水进行净化和消毒处理，自来水补水装置用于向灰水净化回用装置8中进行补水，使灰水净化回用装置8中的液位保持稳定，使灰水净化回用装置8内净化和消毒处理后的中水能够满足本层建筑的中水回用设施使用。
灰水净化回用装置8的自来水补水口9通过自来水补水管1-9与自来水补水装置连接，自来水补水装置接入自来水管；灰水净化回用装置8的中水出水口11与本层建筑的中水回用设施连接。灰水净化回用装置8内设有液位传感器1-10，液位传感器1-10用于感应灰水储存箱1内的高低水位状态。
中水回用控制系统用于对公共建筑室内中水回用系统进行整体控制，中水回用控制系统通过有线或者无线的方式与灰水收集装置、自来水补水装置、灰水净化回用装置8连接，通过对各类装置中的阀门、泵机、液位传感器等进行控制，实现系统中灰水收集、中水净化消毒、自来水补水自动化功能。系统还能够显示系统在运行过程中 各主要功能部件的实时工作状态并对灰水储存箱缺水、消毒剂量不足、净化组件耗材达标寿命等进行报警提示。
利用本实施例的公共建筑室内中水回用系统进行中水回用的过程如图1所示，公共建筑室内中水回用方法包括如下步骤：
步骤一：灰水收集装置收集上一楼层灰水，并将上层灰水供入下一楼层的灰水净化回用装置8中。灰水收集装置将上一楼层的淋浴间5、洗涤池6、洗手盆7等用水设施产生的灰水进行收集，将收集的灰水经灰水供入管1-1排入下一楼层的灰水净化回用装置8。
步骤二：灰水净化回用装置8对供入的灰水进行多级净化处理，对多级净化处理后的中水加压后，供本楼层的中水回用设施使用。
进入灰水净化回用装置8的灰水经粗过滤、沉淀、细过滤、消毒、加压处理。采用的粗过滤措施是毛发过滤器，沉淀措施是絮沉排空，细过滤措施包括：初级栅格、静置沉淀、PP棉过滤、活性炭过滤、超渗膜过滤，对大颗粒、小颗粒、细小微生物进行拦截净化，最后通过加药消毒、紫外消毒达到高标准出水要求。多级净化处理后的中水进入气压水罐中进行加压，加压后供本楼层的中水回用设施使用。
进一步的，灰水净化回用装置8的灰水储存箱1设有预过滤组件，预过滤组件对供入的灰水进行预过滤处理，拦截灰水中的毛发、大颗粒等杂质，经预过滤处理的灰水进入灰水处理组件2中，灰水在灰水处理组件2中经PP棉、活性炭、超渗膜三级净化后，进入气压水罐中，经计量泵3-3定量加药消毒后，以恒定压强输送到中水出水口11，供本楼层大便器12和/或小便器13使用，大便器12、小便器13和地漏14产生的污水直接排入污水立管4中。
当灰水净化回用装置8中的液位达到启动补水液位1-12时，中水回用控制系统对自来水补水装置进行控制，进行实时补给，也即当灰水净化回用装置8中的灰水供给不足时，中水回用控制系统接收液位传感器1-10的信号，控制装置的显示器显示“缺水”，此时自来水补水口9开启补水，随着灰水净化回用装置8中灰水储存箱1的液位升高，控制装置的显示器显示“正常”，自来水补水口9关闭。其中，灰水处理组件2的超滤膜按一周的时间进行自动反冲洗，通过控制装置进行控制，超滤膜反冲洗管2-7和溢流管1-3通过溢流排放口10排入污水立管4中。
当灰水净化回用装置8中的消毒剂含量不足时，中水回用控制系统进行预警提示。中水气压水罐组件3中的加药量不足时，控制系统接收计量泵3-3上传的信号，控制装置的显示器显示“缺药”，此时通过人工操作加药，当加药完成时，控制系统的显示器显示“正常”，计量泵3-3正常工作。
与现有技术相比，本实施例提供的公共建筑室内中水回用系统，具有如下有益效果：
(1)通过设置错层排水系统，将上一楼层的优质杂排水进行收集，净化消毒后 供本层便器(大便器和/或小便器)的冲洗使用，实现分散式错层排水的目标，解决了公共建筑生活杂用水收集难的问题。
(2)公共建筑的用水分项比例为盥洗用水34％～40％，冲厕用水比例为60％～66％，能够将全部盥洗水(优质杂排水)进行收集和回用，大幅降低冲厕用水中的自来水用水量，从而实现公共建筑的系统节水。除顶层外，能够实现系统节水34％～40％，对降低公共建筑的水资源消耗、提升非传统水源利用效率，具有重要的价值和意义。
(3)灰水净化回用装置能够对灰水进行多级净化处理，净化效率高：采用多级净化处理措施能够对大颗粒、小颗粒、细小微生物进行拦截净化，并通过加药消毒、紫外消毒达到高标准出水要求。
(4)采用智控化水平高的中水回用控制系统，通过多种类型智能化管控方式，保证处理目标的实现，降低设备故障率。
实施例2
本申请的又一具体实施例，公开了实施例1中的灰水净化回用装置8，如图3所示，公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置包括灰水储存箱1、灰水处理组件2、中水气压水罐组件3；其中，灰水储存箱1用于将上一楼层的洗涤池6、洗手盆7、淋浴间5产生的灰水进行收集储存；灰水处理组件2用于将灰水储存箱1储存的灰水进行多级净化处理；中水气压水罐组件3用于将净化的中水经消毒后通过恒压方式向本层建筑的中水回用设施(冲厕用水点)供水。
本实施例中，灰水净化回用装置8的整体呈竖向布置，灰水净化回用装置8内自上而下依次为灰水储存箱1、灰水处理组件2、中水气压水罐组件3，能够更好的利用水体重力势能，降低灰水净化回用装置的运行能耗。灰水净化回用装置8的整体为箱式结构，摆放于卫生间边墙处，采用落地式安装，箱式结构与墙体之间为可拆卸连接，如采用柳钉连接，稳定性好。箱式结构的灰水净化回用装置8分为装置模块和外装饰模块两部分，装置模块包含灰水储存箱1、灰水处理组件2、中水气压水罐组件3并列安装构成装置模块，装置模块的厚度为30cm，结构形式为扁平状，宽度100cm，高度2200cm。外装饰模块为箱式结构外壳，可结合实际场地使用条件进行调整，为顶天立地(下层地板到上层吊顶)，由固定部分和开扇组成，外立面可挂置瓷砖或其他装修材料，与厕所装修环境相匹配。
本实施例中，灰水储存箱1设有中水进入口、自来水补水口9、溢流排放口10，灰水储存箱1的内部设有液位传感器1-10、高液位点、低液位点，中水气压水罐组件3的底部设有中水出水口11。其中，液位传感器1-10用于感应灰水储存箱1内的水位状态，采用浮球阀液位传感器；灰水储存箱1的中水进入口通过灰水供入管1-1与上一楼层的优质杂排水用水器具连接，灰水供入管1-1上设有毛发过滤器1-2，毛发 过滤器1-2用于对进入灰水储存箱1前的灰水中毛发、卫生纸等杂物进行预过滤。灰水储存箱1的溢流排放口10通过溢流管1-3与污水立管4连接，溢流管1-3用于将灰水储存箱1中高液位中水进行排放，灰水储存箱1底部的排污口通过排空管1-4与污水立管4连接；排空管1-4设有排空手动阀1-5，通过控制排空手动阀1-5将灰水收集箱中底部的沉积物通过重力作用经排空管1-4排出。灰水储存箱1的自来水补水口9通过自来水补水管1-9与公共建筑的给水立管15连接，水气压水罐组件3的中水出水口11与本层建筑的中水回用设施连接；自来水补水管1-9设有自动补水阀1-7和/或手动补水阀1-8，自动补水阀1-7用于自动控制自来水管往灰水储存箱1补水，手动补水阀1-8用于人工控制自来水补水。灰水储存箱1的出水口与灰水处理组件2的进水口通过第一排水管连接，第一排水管上设有控制阀1-6，控制阀1-6用于对灰水储存箱1连接灰水处理组件2的排水管进行控制，并计量供入灰水处理组件2内的灰水量；灰水处理组件2与中水气压水罐组件3通过第二排水管连接，第二排水管上设有止回阀2-5，止回阀2-5用于防止中水气压水罐组件3的中水倒灌入灰水处理组件2。
进一步的，灰水储存箱1的底面为斜坡面，有利于灰水中的颗粒物及絮体通过重力作用沿斜坡下滑聚集，斜坡面的坡度为5％，排空管1-4沿斜坡面的坡向设置，排污口设于斜坡面的底端，通过开启排空手动阀1-5，聚集的颗粒物及絮体通过重力作用，经排空管1-4排至污水立管4。
进一步的，灰水储存箱1设有溢流液位、补水启动液位，自来水补水口9的下缘高于溢流液位150mm，防止储存灰水倒灌污染自来水。也就是说，自来水补水口9位于溢流排放口10的上方，自来水补水管1-9与溢流管1-3平行水平设置，自来水补水管1-9高于溢流管1-3，自来水补水管1-9的中心线与溢流管1-3的中心线的垂直距离不小于150mm；高液位线与溢流管线齐平，低液位线高于灰水储存箱1的底面斜坡顶50mm，液位降至低液位线时，启动自来水补水。
本实施例中，灰水处理组件2包括多级净化组件。示例性的，灰水处理组件2包括依次连接的第一级净化组件2-2、第二级净化组件2-3、第三级净化组件2-4。其中，第一级净化组件2-2用于对灰水中的大颗粒物、非溶解态的金属氧化物、碎毛发等进行过滤。进一步的，第一级净化组件2-2采用PP棉/粗滤网，PP棉是聚酯纤维材质，具有前置净化效果，过滤灰水中直径大于5μm的胶体杂质；第二级净化组件2-3用于对灰水中的小粒径颗粒物、有机污染物、色度物质、重金属离子等进行过滤。进一步的，第二级净化组件2-3采用改性颗粒活性炭柱，活性炭为表面微孔结构发达的碳化物，微孔直径在2～50nm之间，处理灰水中的酸、碱物质。第三级净化组件2-4用于截留浊度物质、大分子有机物、细菌和部分病毒，提升产水的感官效果，降低微生物数量。进一步的，第三级净化组件2-4采用内压式超滤膜，超滤膜为高分子半透膜，以压力为驱动力，膜孔径为1～100nm，孔密度约10/cm，用于将胶体级微粒和 大分子去除，能够分离浓度小于10％的溶液。第三级净化组件2-4的出水口与中水气压水罐组件3的进水口通过第二排水管连接。
进一步的，第一级净化组件2-2、第二级净化组件2-3、第三级净化组件2-4均为圆柱状结构，连接处均采用螺纹连接，便于维护保养过程拆卸。
进一步的，根据第一级净化组件2-2、第二级净化组件2-3、第三级净化组件2-4的处理能力差异，差别设置第一级净化组件2-2、第二级净化组件2-3、第三级净化组件2-4的内置容量比值为2:2:1，各级净化组件在完全消耗的情况下，能够处理相同容量的中水，因而能够实现三级净化组件的同时更换，方便快捷，避免因分批次更换净化组件导致系统停运次数过多、停运时间过长，保证了系统的工作连续性。
进一步的，灰水处理组件2还包括变频泵2-1、止回阀2-5、超滤膜反冲洗管2-7和反冲洗电磁阀2-6。变频泵2-1用于将灰水储存箱1中收集的灰水进行加压后供入第一级净化组件2-2中；止回阀2-5用于防止中水气压水罐组件3的中水倒灌入灰水处理组件2；超滤膜反冲洗管2-7用于排放超滤膜反冲洗后的杂质，并将冲洗后的液体排放至污水立管4；反冲洗电磁阀2-6用于控制超滤膜反冲洗过程。
本实施例中，中水气压水罐组件3包括气压水罐、压力表3-1、加药箱3-2、计量泵3-3、紫外线消毒器3-5、中水供水管3-6。其中，压力表3-1与气压水罐连接，气压水罐的容积100L，压力表3-1用于对气压罐内的压力进行实时监控，并能够显示并远传气压水罐压力，气压罐的内部压力控制在0.15～0.20Mpa，满足后续的大便器12和/或小便器13的冲厕压力要求；加药箱3-2内装有消毒剂，加药箱3-2通过计量泵3-3与气压罐连接，计量泵3-3能够按照一定量将加药箱3-2内的消毒剂加入气压水罐中；水气压水罐组件3通过中水供水管3-6与同楼层的用水设施连接，中水供水管3-6用于将中水气压水罐组件3的中水输送到用水点。
中水气压水罐组件3设有紫外线消毒器3-5，紫外线消毒器3-5设于气压水罐的内部或者设于气压水罐的中水出水口11，紫外线消毒器3-5用于对气压水罐内的中水进行消毒，消毒后的中水经中水供水管3-6输送到用水点。
进一步的，中水气压水罐组件3的中水出水口11通过中水循环管线3-4与灰水储存箱1连接，中水循环管线3-4上设有循环开关，实现中水气压水罐组件3与灰水储存箱1的中水循环。
进一步的，加药箱3-2为半透明UPVC材质的塑料箱，顶部设有可旋转开启的加药口，消毒剂采用液体消毒剂，类型包括84消毒液或次氯酸钠消毒液。计量泵3-3与加药箱3-2连接，能够按照产水水量自动进行加药，加药量按照有效氯投加量为1～3mg/L，加药投加点位为中水气压水罐组件3的进水口处。
本实施例的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置的工作原理如下：
灰水收集装置通过灰水收集管道对上一楼层的优质杂排水进行收集，收集的灰水经灰水供入管1-1上设置的毛发过滤器1-2处理后，供入灰水储存箱1内。在污水泵 的抽吸作用下，灰水通过控制阀1-6经污水泵的加压，通过管道输送至灰水处理组件2内进行三级净化处理，经三级净化后的灰水进入中水气压水罐组件3储存，通过冲厕供水管道用于冲厕。整个环节管道系统密闭，冲厕用水水压由污水泵，通过产水进行变频调节，处理后的中水不泄压，通过一次加压实现处理-储存-供水功能，降低系统整体能耗。
在利用灰水处理组件2进行灰水处理环节，由三级净化处理实现，产水流程为灰水依次通过第一级净化组件2-2、第二级净化组件2-3、第三级净化组件2-4，产水速率由污水泵控制，产水速率的范围为2L/min～10L/min，能够实现最快10min将气压水罐注满。其中，第一级净化为粗滤工艺，采用PP棉/粗滤网过滤灰水中的大颗粒物、非溶解态的金属氧化物、碎毛发等；第二级净化为精滤工艺，采用改性颗粒活性炭柱对灰水中的小粒径颗粒物、有机污染物、色度物质、重金属离子等进行过滤；第三级净化为超滤工艺，采用内压式超滤膜组件截留浊度物质、大分子有机物、细菌和部分病毒，提升产水的感官效果，降低微生物数量。
经过三级净化处理后的中水，进入中水气压水罐组件3中进行储存，气压水罐的容积100L，压力表3-1实时监测气压水罐的压力，计量泵3-3与加药箱3-2相连接，按照产水水量自动进行加药，加药量按照有效氯投加量为1～3mg/L，加药投加点位为中水气压水罐组件3的进水口处。经净化处理后的中水进入同一楼层的大便器12、小便器13的供水管道。
随着灰水储存箱1不断进水，灰水液位不断升高，当到达溢流液位时，灰水自动溢流排放，进入污水立管4。随着灰水储存箱1产水的不断进行，当灰水储存箱1液位不断下降，当降至补水启动液位时，自动补水阀1-7开启，通过自来水补水管1-9进行自来水补水；当自动补水阀1-7因故障无法开启时，手动开启平行设施的手动补水阀1-8进行自来水补水。随着自来水的不断补充，灰水储存箱1液位逐渐升高，当到达溢流液位时自动关闭自动补水阀1-7。
灰水净化回用装置运行一段时间后，灰水储存箱1内会产生的沉积物通过灰水储存箱1的底坡，在重力作用下堆积水箱底部，当灰水储存箱1中沉积物较多时，开启排空手动阀1-5，沉积物在灰水的冲刷下排入污水立管4。
本实施例中，经过三级净化处理后的中水，能够达到以下水质要求：
pH为6.0～9.0；色(度)≤30；嗅觉上无不快感；浊度(NTU)≤5；溶解性总固体量≤1500mg/L；接触30min后总余氯≥1.0mg/L，管网末端的总余氯≥0.2mg/L；总大肠杆菌数量≤3个/L
与现有技术相比，本实施例提供的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，具有如下有益效果：
(1)灰水净化回用装置的整体为箱式结构且呈竖向布置，自上而下依次为灰水储存箱、灰水处理组件、中水气压水罐组件，能够更好的利用水体重力势能，降低灰 水净化回用装置的运行能耗，结构紧凑，结合大型公共建筑卫生间内部的空间布局，将大大降低杂用水集中处理所占用场地空间，使灰水净化回用装置安装更加灵活与便利，而且杜绝了给水立管与中水管错接混接的安全隐患。
(2)对中水进行多级净化处理，能够对中水中的大颗粒、小颗粒、细小微生物进行拦截净化，并通过加药消毒、紫外消毒达到高标准出水要求，保证了中水回用的安全性。
(3)气压罐的内部压力控制在0.15～0.20Mpa，满足后续的大便器和小便器的冲厕压力要求，通过设置气压罐和压力表实现产水进行变频调节，处理后的中水不泄压，通过一次加压实现处理-储存-供水功能，降低系统整体能耗；压力表对气压罐内的压力进行实施监控，并能够显示并远传气压水罐压力，提高了灰水净化回用装置的智能化控制程度。
(4)中水气压水罐组件的中水出水口通过中水循环管线与灰水储存箱连接，中水循环管线上设有循开关，实现中水气压水罐组件与灰水储存箱的中水循环，实现系统性节水，同时避免中水气压水罐组件的中水未回用，而发生水质恶化，影响冲厕的安全供水。
实施例3
现有建筑室内排水方式为，上层器具用水后，产水沿排水管道重力排放至下层顶板，通过敷设在下层顶板处的横支管最终排放至污水立管。
本实施例公开了实施例1中公共建筑室内中水回用系统的建造方法，通过对原有建筑排水系统进行改造，实现上层公共建筑的优质杂排水(盥洗、洗涤、淋浴)的独立收集，经净化、消毒后回用于下层冲厕。公共建筑室内中水回用系统的建造方法为：
对上一楼层优质杂排水(灰水)的排水横支管进行断接，与灰水供入管1-1连接，灰水供入管1-1通过卫生间结构楼板预留口处穿插，进入下一楼层空间中；安装灰水净化回用装置8，将灰水供入管1-1插入灰水净化回用装置8的灰水供入管插口内，并进行密封固定；将灰水净化回用装置8的中水出水口11通过管路与本层建筑的用水设施连接；将自来水补水管1-9与灰水净化回用装置8进行连接；将灰水净化回用装置8中的溢流排放口10与污水立管4连接。
其中，在安装灰水净化回用装置8前，根据现场测量卫生间顶板下灰水供入管1-1专用件外露直管底部至灰水净化回用装置8的灰水供入管插口顶部的实际长度，根据测量的长度选择相应长度的灰水供入管1-1。进一步的，灰水供入管1-1的材质为硬聚氯乙烯(PVC-U)。
施工过程中，在下层顶板处，将优质杂排水的立管截断，铺设单独的灰水管道，灰水管道进行连接，将优质杂排水接入下层的室内灰水净化回用装置8，进行收集-处理-回用；用于上层大便器12、小便器13的黑水排水管道保持不变，按管道系统进 行排放。由于室内灰水净化回用装置8直接布置在下层卫生间，所以单独的灰水管道长度不会太长。
对与灰水净化回用装置8同一楼层的大便器12、小便器13的供水管道进行改造，改造方式为：切断自来水供水管，将中水气压水罐组件3通过管路与同一楼层的大便器12、小便器13连接，大便器12、小便器13仅由同楼层的中水气压水罐组件3供水。
自上而下依次建造安装灰水储存箱1、灰水处理组件2、中水气压水罐组件3，完成灰水净化回用装置8建造后，将上层单独铺设的灰水管道接入灰水净化回用装置8，将水净化回用装置8的中水出水口11通过管路与本层建筑的用水设施连接。系统管路连接处，采用硬聚氯乙烯(PVC-U)粘接剂进行密封固定，示例性的，在灰水供入管1-1与灰水供入管插口的连接处涂满硬聚氯乙烯(PVC-U)粘接剂，进行密封固定。
本实施例中，灰水储存箱1、灰水处理组件2、中水气压水罐组件3采用竖直建造的方式，能够更好的利用水体重力势能，降低灰水净化回用装置的运行能耗。将灰水净化回用装置8的整体建造为箱式结构，包含装置模块和外装饰模块，装置模块厚度为30cm，结构形式为扁平状，宽度100cm，高度2200cm，可摆放于卫生间边墙处。外装饰模块，可结合实际场地使用条件进行调整，为顶天立地(下层地板到上层吊顶)，由固定部分和开扇组成，外立面可挂置瓷砖或其他装修材料，与厕所装修环境相匹配。
在建造过程中，按照如下要求进行：
1、卫生间建筑构造层厚度不小于100mm。
2、当污水立管设置在卫生间内时，应预留污水立管穿楼板洞口。单立管洞口尺寸不小于400mm×450mm，双立管洞口尺寸不小于400mm×500mm，并应与结构专业配合。
3、当污水立管设置在管道井内时，侧面排出管穿墙留洞尺寸不小于200mm×250mm，并应与结构专业配合。
4、当既有公共建筑卫生间进行模块化户内中水系统改造时，应结合平面布局，预留空间和位置。
5、污水立管与大便器12同侧布置，且污水立管中心与大便器12中心距离不大于1000mm。
与现有技术相比，本实施例的公共建筑室内中水回用系统的建造方法，具有如下
有益效果：
(1)结合大型公共建筑卫生间内部的空间布局，通过设置错层排水系统，将上一楼层的优质杂排水进行收集，净化消毒后供本层便器(大便器和/或小便器)的冲洗使用，实现分散式错层排水的目标，解决了公共建筑生活杂用水收集难的问题。
(2)将灰水净化回用装置整体上建造为箱式结构且呈竖向布置，自上而下依次 建造灰水储存箱、灰水处理组件、中水气压水罐组件，能够更好的利用水体重力势能，降低灰水净化回用装置的运行能耗，结构紧凑，结合大型公共建筑卫生间内部的空间布局，将大大降低杂用水集中处理所占用场地空间，使灰水净化回用装置安装更加灵活与便利，而且杜绝了给水立管与中水管错接混接的安全隐患。
实施例4
本申请的又一具体实施例，公开了实施例1中用于控制公共建筑室内中水回用系统运行的中水回用控制系统，也即公开了一种公共建筑室内中水回用控制系统，包括原水箱液位控制组件、自来水补水控制组件、中水循环净化控制组件、消毒控制组件和显示和报警组件。
原水箱液位控制组件，用于控制灰水储存箱1内的液位高度，包括水位控制器和液位传感器1-10，液位传感器1-10用于感知灰水储存箱1内的报警液位、低液位、高液位和溢流液位，液位高度从低到高依次为报警液位、低液位、高液位、溢流液位，低液位为启动补水液位1-12，高液位为停止补水液位1-11。液位传感器1-10能够将实时监测到的液位信息传输至水位控制器，水位控制器根据接收的液位信息控制自来水补水控制组件，进而控制灰水储存箱1内的液位高度。另外，水位控制器还能够将水位信息以及报警信息传输至显示和报警组件，并显示在显示和报警组件的显示屏上。
自来水补水控制组件，包括补水控制器、自动补水阀1-7和手动补水阀1-8，补水控制器用于控制自动补水阀1-7开启和关闭，当液位传感器1-10监测到液位达到低液位时，补水控制器控制自动补水阀1-7开启，当液位传感器1-10监测到液位到达高液位时，补水控制器控制自动补水阀1-7关闭。当液位传感器1-10监测到灰水储存箱1内的液位达到报警液位时，液位传感器1-10将报警液位信息传输至液位控制器，液位控制器将报警液位信息显示在系统的显示屏上，提醒自动补水阀1-7自动开启，或人工开启手动补水阀1-8；当液位传感器1-10监测到灰水储存箱1内的液位达到低液位时，液位传感器1-10将低液位信息传输至液位控制器，液位控制器通过控制自来水补水控制组件的补水控制器开启自来水自动补水阀1-7，进行自来水补水，使液位逐渐升高；当液位传感器1-10监测到灰水储存箱1内的液位升高至高液位时，液位传感器1-10将高液位信息传输至液位控制器，液位控制器通过控制自来水补水控制组件的补水控制器关闭自来水自动补水阀1-7，停止自来水补水；当液位传感器1-10监测到液位到达溢流液位时，灰水储存箱1内的原水自动溢流，通过溢流管1-3流入污水立管4。
中水循环净化控制组件，用于中水气压水罐组件3的内中水的开机循环净化和定期循环净化。中水循环净化控制组件包括循环净化控制器、循环开关3-7和循环设备，循环设备采用循环泵，循环开关3-7设于中水循环管线3-4上，循环净化控制器通过 控制循环开关3-7进而控制循环泵将气压水罐中待循环净化的水沿循环管线3-4排放到灰水储水箱1中，随着新一轮的产水过程进行循环净化处理。
其中，开机循环净化，即当机器接通电源后，循环设备启动，对气压水罐内的全部储水进行循环净化过滤，净化时间按照气压水罐的最大储水容积和产水速率，经计算确定，总体开机净化时间不超过2分钟。定期循环净化，即当气压水罐中的储水超过12h未使用，则气压水罐内的全部储水进行循环净化过滤。
消毒控制组件，包括消毒控制器，消毒控制器根据变频泵2-1的产水量，通过控制计量泵3-3定量投加消毒剂。消毒剂采用液体消毒剂，类型包括84消毒液或次氯酸钠消毒液。
显示和报警组件，根据原水箱液位控制组件、自来水补水控制组件、中水循环净化控制组件、消毒控制组件输入的信息进行屏幕显示和报警。显示和报警组件包括显示屏和报警器，显示屏用于液位显示、消毒剂显示、净化组件过滤体积显示，报警器用于灰水储存箱缺水报警、消毒剂量不足报警、净化组件耗材维护报警。其中，灰水储存箱缺水报警触发方式为：液位到达报警液位时报警、消毒剂容器中的剂量不足时报警；净化组件耗材维护报警触发方式为：按照净化组件的过滤体积通过产水量计量，当达到净化组件的最大过滤量时，报警器发出耗材维护警报。报警器的报警方式包含声音和颜色报警，声音报警为不低于80分贝的声音报警，颜色报警为显示屏背景颜色显示为红色。报警故障处理后，可以通过屏幕操作进行消除。
利用本实施例的中水回用控制系统对实施例1中公共建筑室内中水回用系统的控制过程，如图4所示。公共建筑室内中水回用控制方法包括如下控制过程：
利用原水箱液位控制组件、自来水补水控制组件、中水循环净化控制组件进行产水控制；
利用消毒控制组件对产出的中水进行消毒控制；
利用显示和报警组件进行工作状态显示和报警控制。
进一步的，利用原水箱液位控制组件、自来水补水控制组件、中水循环净化控制组件进行产水控制，具体为：
中水回用控制系统启动开机后，中水循环净化控制组件的循环设备启动，将气压水罐内的储存的全部中水通过中水循环管线3-4排入灰水储存箱1中，同时/稍后，上一楼层的产生的灰水依次经灰水收集管道、灰水供入管1-1进入灰水储存箱1，进入灰水储存箱1的中水(包括开机循环净化的中水和上一楼层产生的灰水)经灰水处理组件2进行三级净化后进入气压水罐内；进入气压水罐中的中水经加压后供本楼层的中水回用设施使用。
当液位传感器1-10监测到灰水储存箱1内的液位达到报警液位时，液位传感器1-10将报警液位信息传输至液位控制器，液位控制器将报警液位信息显示在系统的显示屏上，提醒自动补水阀1-7自动开启，或人工开启手动补水阀1-8；当液位传感器 1-10监测到灰水储存箱1内液位低于溢流液位时，液位传感器1-10将低液位信息传输至液位控制器，液位控制器不动作，灰水储存箱1持续收集上层楼层的灰水，收集的灰水进入灰水处理组件2中进行三级净化处理，持续的产水进入气压水罐；当液位传感器1-10监测到灰水储存箱1内的液位达到低液位时，液位传感器1-10将低液位信息传输至液位控制器，液位控制器通过控制自来水补水控制组件的补水控制器开启自来水自动补水阀1-7，或者，手动控制手动补水阀1-8，进行自来水补水，使液位逐渐升高；当液位传感器1-10监测到灰水储存箱1内的液位升高至高液位时，液位传感器1-10将高液位信息传输至液位控制器，液位控制器通过控制自来水补水控制组件的补水控制器关闭自来水自动补水阀1-7，或者，手动关闭手动补水阀1-8，停止自来水补水；当液位传感器1-10监测到液位到达溢流液位时，灰水储存箱1内的原水自动溢流，通过溢流管1-3流入污水立管4。
本实施例中，当气压水罐内的中水储存超过12h未进行供水时，中水循环净化控制组件的循环开关3-7启动，将气压水罐内的储存的全部中水通过中水循环管线3-4排入灰水储存箱1中，进行循环净化处理，经循环净化处理后的中水再次进入气压水罐内。
进一步的，利用消毒控制组件对产出的中水进行消毒控制，具体为：
消毒控制组件的消毒控制器根据变频泵2-1的产水量，通过控制计量泵3-3将加药箱3-2中的消毒剂定量投加到气压水罐中进行消毒，当变频泵2-1工作时，控制计量泵3-3开始工作，根据变频泵功率大小，投放不同计量的消毒剂。当变频泵2-1暂停时，气压水罐中不再有消毒剂投入。
进一步的，利用显示和报警组件进行工作状态显示和报警控制，具体为：
显示和报警组件根据原水箱液位控制组件、自来水补水控制组件、中水循环净化控制组件、消毒控制组件传输的信息将工作状态信息现显示在显示屏上，报警器根据工作状态信息对灰水储存箱缺水、消毒剂量不足、净化组件耗材维护进行报警，警报方式为采用屏幕红色背景显示和/或声音报警。
其中，工作状态信息包括液位状态信息、消毒剂余量信息、净化组件已完成过滤体积信息。灰水储存箱缺水报警触发方式为：液位到达报警液位时报警；药剂量不足报警触发方式为：计量泵3-3计量数据显示加药箱3-2中的药剂量不足时报警；净化组件耗材维护报警触发方式为：按照净化组件的过滤体积通过变频泵工作量计量，当控制阀1-6监测到产水量达到净化组件的最大过滤量时，报警器发出耗材维护警报。
示例性的，当液位传感器1-10监测灰水储存箱1内的报警液位实现灰水储存箱缺水报警；当计量泵3-3的计量数据显示加药箱3-2中的消毒剂量不足时，进行药剂量不足报警；当控制阀1-6监测到产水量达到净化组件的最大过滤量时，报警器发出耗材维护警报。例如，通过液位传感器1-10感知灰水收集箱中的液位实时变化值，当也液位值降低到设定的报警液位时，液位传感器向控制系统发送型号，此时在显示 屏中以报警状态形式提醒，当液位值增加时，报警提醒信号关闭。
与现有技术相比，本实施例提供的公共建筑室内中水回用控制系统通过原水箱液位自动控制组件控制灰水储存箱内的液位高度；通过自来水补水控制组件控制灰水储存箱内的液位高度，保证灰水储存箱内的中水保持稳定安全的工作水平；通过中水循环净化控制组件控制中水气压水罐组件的内中水的开机循环净化和定期循环净化，实现中水气压水罐与灰水储存箱连通，建立中水循环线路，避免中水气压水罐组件的中水长期未回用，而发生水质恶化，影响冲厕的安全供水；通过消毒控制组件控制计量泵定量投加消毒剂，结合产水量进行等比例投加消毒剂，实现中水的消毒；通过显示和报警组件对原水箱液位控制组件、自来水补水控制组件、中水循环净化控制组件、消毒控制组件输入的信息进行屏幕显示并及时发出警报，公共建筑室内中水回用控制系统的智控化水平高，通过多种类型智能化管控方式实现“进水—储水—消毒—供水”各个环节的顺利进行，保证中水处理目标的实现，降低设备故障率，大幅提高了系统运行的可靠性和稳定性。
以上所述，仅为本申请较佳的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，包括自上而下依次设置的灰水储存箱(1)、灰水处理组件(2)和中水气压水罐组件(3)；
    灰水储存箱(1)用于储存灰水收集装置收集的上一楼层灰水；
    灰水处理组件(2)用于将灰水储存箱(1)内的灰水进行多级净化处理；
    中水气压水罐组件(3)用于将多级净化处理后的中水消毒，并通过恒压方式向本层建筑的中水回用设施供水。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，灰水储存箱(1)的中水进入口通过灰水收集管道与上一楼层的优质杂排水用水器具连接；
    灰水收集管道上设有毛发过滤器(1-2)，毛发过滤器(1-2)用于对进入灰水储存箱(1)前的灰水进行预过滤。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，灰水储存箱(1)上部的溢流排放口(10)通过溢流管(1-3)与污水立管(4)连接，灰水储存箱(1)底部的排污口通过排空管(1-4)与污水立管(4)连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，排空管(1-4)设有排空手动阀(1-5)，通过控制排空手动阀(1-5)将灰水收集箱中的沉积物经排空管(1-4)排出。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，灰水储存箱(1)通过自来水补水管(1-9)与给水立管(15)连接，自来水补水管(1-9)设有自动补水阀(1-7)和/或手动补水阀(1-8)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，灰水储存箱(1)的出水口与灰水处理组件(2)的进水口通过第一排水管连接；
    第一排水管上设有控制阀(1-6)，控制阀(1-6)用于对灰水储存箱(1)连接灰水处理组件(2)的排水管进行控制，并计量供入灰水处理组件(2)内的灰水量。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，灰水处理组件(2)与中水气压水罐组件(3)通过第二排水管连接；
    第二排水管上设有止回阀(2-5)，止回阀(2-5)用于防止中水气压水罐组件(3)的中水倒灌入灰水处理组件(2)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，灰水储存箱(1)的底面为斜坡面，排空管(1-4)沿斜坡面的坡向设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，灰水处理组件(2)包括依次连接的第一级净化组件(2-2)、第二级净化组件(2-3)和第三级净化组件(2-4)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，第一 级净化组件(2-2)采用PP棉/粗滤网，用于对灰水中的大颗粒物、非溶解态的金属氧化物、碎毛发进行过滤；
    第二级净化组件(2-3)采用改性颗粒活性炭柱，用于对灰水中的小粒径颗粒物、有机污染物、色度物质、重金属离子进行过滤；
    第三级净化组件(2-4)采用内压式超滤膜，用于截留浊度物质、大分子有机物、细菌和部分病毒。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，第一级净化组件(2-2)、第二级净化组件(2-3)、第三级净化组件(2-4)均为圆柱状结构；
    第一级净化组件(2-2)、第二级净化组件(2-3)、第三级净化组件(2-4)之间通过管路连接，连接处均采用螺纹连接。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置，其特征在于，第一级净化组件(2-2)、第二级净化组件(2-3)、第三级净化组件(2-4)的内置容量差别设置，各级净化组件在完全消耗的情况下，能够处理相同容量的中水。
  13. 一种公共建筑室内中水回用系统，其特征在于，包括灰水收集装置、自来水补水装置、中水回用控制系统和权利要求1至12任一所述的灰水净化回用装置；
    灰水收集装置用于收集上一楼层产生的灰水，灰水净化回用装置(8)用于对灰水进行净化消毒处理，净化消毒处理后的中水供本层建筑的中水回用设施使用；自来水补水装置用于向灰水净化回用装置(8)中进行补水，中水回用控制系统用于对公共建筑室内中水回用系统进行整体控制。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的公共建筑室内中水回用系统，其特征在于，灰水收集装置通过灰水供入管(1-1)与灰水净化回用装置(8)的灰水进入口连接；
    灰水净化回用装置(8)的自来水补水口(9)通过自来水补水管(1-9)与自来水补水装置连接；
    灰水净化回用装置(8)的中水出水口(11)与本层建筑的中水回用设施连接。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的公共建筑室内中水回用系统，其特征在于，所述中水回用控制系统包括原水箱液位控制组件、自来水补水控制组件、中水循环净化控制组件、消毒控制组件和显示和报警组件。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的公共建筑室内中水回用系统，其特征在于，原水箱液位控制组件包括水位控制器，水位控制器根据接收的液位信息控制自来水补水控制组件，实现控制灰水储存箱(1)内的液位高度。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的公共建筑室内中水回用系统，其特征在于，自来水补水控制组件包括补水控制器、自动补水阀(1-7)和手动补水阀(1-8)，补水控制器用于控制自动补水阀(1-7)开启和关闭，手动补水阀(1-8)用于自动补水阀(1-7)故障期间的应急补水。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的公共建筑室内中水回用系统，其特征在于，中水循环 净化控制组件包括循环净化控制器和循环开关，循环开关设于中水循环管线(3-4)上，循环净化控制器通过控制循环开关将气压水罐内的中水供入灰水储存箱(1)。
  19. 根据权利要求13所述的公共建筑室内中水回用系统，其特征在于，消毒控制组件包括消毒控制器，消毒控制器根据变频泵(2-1)的产水量，通过控制计量泵(3-3)向气压水罐内定量投加消毒剂；
    显示和报警组件包括显示屏和报警器，显示屏用于液位显示、消毒剂显示、净化组件过滤体积显示，报警器用于灰水储存箱缺水报警、消毒剂量不足报警、净化组件耗材维护报警。
  20. 一种公共建筑室内中水回用方法，其特征在于，基于权利要求13至19所述的公共建筑室内中水回用系统，包括如下步骤：
    步骤一：灰水收集装置收集上一楼层灰水，并将上层灰水供入下一楼层的灰水净化回用装置(8)中；
    步骤二：灰水净化回用装置(8)对供入的灰水进行多级净化处理，对多级净化处理、消毒后的中水加压后，供本楼层的中水回用设施使用。
PCT/CN2020/115333 2020-08-13 2020-09-15 公共建筑室内灰水净化回用装置、系统及方法 WO2022032787A1 (zh)

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