WO2022030049A1 - Storage battery maintenance system and storage battery maintenance method - Google Patents

Abstract

This storage battery maintenance system for performing maintenance on storage batteries installed in a battery system is provided with: a reception unit that receives position information from the storage system; a responsible replacement base identification unit that, on the basis of the position information, identifies a responsible replacement base which, among a plurality of replacement bases each of which is provided in a different location, is responsible for replacing the storage battery; a determination unit that determines whether preparation for replacing the storage battery is necessary; and a transmission unit that, on the basis of the determination result from the determination unit, transmits to the responsible replacement base a procurement command instructing the procurement of a replacement storage battery for replacing the storage battery.

Description

Storage battery maintenance system, storage battery maintenance method

The present invention relates to a system and a method for maintaining a storage battery.

Currently, global environmental issues are getting a lot of attention. In order to prevent global warming, a rechargeable storage battery is installed, and by driving the motor with the electric energy stored in this storage battery, hybrid electricity that replaces part or all of the power of the conventional gasoline engine. Automobiles and electric vehicles are widespread.

In the electric power field, renewable energy such as solar power generation, which does not emit greenhouse gases, is attracting attention and is being introduced. Since the power output from photovoltaic power generation fluctuates greatly depending on the weather, it causes voltage fluctuations and frequency fluctuations in the connected power system. As a countermeasure, a battery system equipped with a storage battery for suppressing fluctuation is installed in the photovoltaic power generation system, and the storage battery is charged and discharged in this battery system to smooth the output of the power system.

In this way, storage batteries are frequently used in various battery systems to prevent global warming. It is expected that the range of utilization of such storage batteries will continue to expand in the future.

Generally, the storage battery deteriorates as the usage period becomes longer, and the charge / discharge performance gradually deteriorates. As a result, if the storage battery cannot provide the required performance or the preset years of use have passed, it is determined that the storage battery has reached the end of its life in the battery system, and the storage battery is replaced with a new storage battery. It is common. As described above, in order to operate the battery system equipped with the storage battery in a stable period for a long period of time, it is necessary to efficiently replace the storage battery.

The technique described in Patent Document 1 is known in order to solve such a problem. Patent Document 1 includes a power storage device including at least one replaceable first battery module and a server that holds characteristic information of one or more second battery modules that can be supplied to the power storage device. A system and a power storage device maintenance system including the system are disclosed. In this power storage device maintenance system, the power storage device receives characteristic information of the second battery module from the server system, and based on the operation of the owner of the power storage device, the power storage device is to be replaced at least one of the first battery modules. A replacement battery module for replacement with the battery module of the above is determined from the second battery module. Then, using the characteristic information of the replacement battery module and the characteristic information of the non-replaceable battery module in the first battery module, the operation prediction of the replacement battery module and the non-replaceable battery module combined. Is performed, and the conformity of the replacement battery module is determined based on the operation prediction.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-139725

When replacing a storage battery, it is necessary to prepare a storage battery of appropriate quantity and quality in advance as a storage battery for replacement. However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, such a point is not particularly considered. Therefore, there is room for further improvement regarding the efficiency of battery replacement.

The storage battery maintenance system according to the present invention is a system for maintaining the storage battery mounted on the battery system, and is provided at a receiving unit that receives position information from the battery system and at different locations based on the position information. The exchange base identification unit that identifies the exchange base in charge of exchanging the storage battery from among the plurality of exchange bases, and the judgment unit that determines whether or not the storage battery needs to be exchanged, and the determination. A transmission unit for transmitting a procurement command instructing the procurement of a replacement storage battery for replacement with the storage battery to the exchange base in charge based on the result of the determination by the unit is provided.
The storage battery maintenance method according to the present invention is a maintenance method for a storage battery mounted on a battery system, in which position information is received from the battery system, and a plurality of exchanges set at different locations based on the position information are exchanged. The exchange base in charge of replacing the storage battery is specified from the bases, the judgment as to whether or not the storage battery needs to be replaced is determined, and the replacement for replacement with the storage battery is performed based on the result of the judgment. A procurement order instructing the procurement of storage batteries is sent to the exchange base in charge.

According to the present invention, the storage battery can be replaced efficiently.

It is a figure which shows the structural example of the storage battery maintenance system which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the configuration example of the battery utilization system. It is a figure which shows the configuration example of a secondary battery system. It is a figure which expressed the battery cell which constitutes a secondary battery group as an equivalent circuit. It is a figure which shows an example of the relationship between OCV and SOC in a battery cell. It is explanatory drawing of the detection method of an internal resistance. It is explanatory drawing of the detection method of the full charge capacity. It is a figure which shows the example of the history information. It is explanatory drawing of the allocation method of the exchange base in charge. It is explanatory drawing about the calculation method of the remaining life of a battery. It is a figure which shows the example of the management list in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the process executed by the battery management apparatus in 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the storage battery maintenance system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the management list in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the process executed by the battery management apparatus in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a storage battery maintenance system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The storage battery maintenance system 100 shown in FIG. 1 is a system for operating and maintaining a storage battery, and includes battery utilization systems 101A and 101B, a battery management device 102, and exchange bases 103A and 103B.

Battery utilization systems 101A and 101B are systems that utilize storage batteries to realize predetermined functions. The battery utilization systems 101A and 101B transmit various information about the storage battery owned by the battery utilization system 101A and 101B to the battery management device 102, and when the life of the storage battery is approaching, the storage battery is replaced at the exchange bases 103A and 103B. In the following, the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B may be collectively referred to as a battery utilization system 101.

The example of FIG. 1 shows a case where two battery utilization systems 101A and 101B exist in the storage battery maintenance system 100, but the number of battery utilization systems 101 is not limited to this. The storage battery maintenance system 100 can be configured by including an arbitrary number of battery utilization systems 101.

The battery management device 102 performs various processes related to the maintenance of the storage batteries of the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B, respectively, based on the information transmitted from the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B. Then, a storage battery replacement plan is formulated, and a command for instructing the procurement of replacement storage batteries is transmitted to the replacement bases 103A and 103B as necessary.

The battery management device 102 has the functions of a receiving unit 1021, a responsible exchange base specifying unit 1022, a determination unit 1023, a transmitting unit 1024, and a storage unit 1025. In the battery management device 102, each of these functions is realized by using, for example, a program executed by the CPU or a storage device such as an HDD or SSD.

The receiving unit 1021 receives information transmitted from the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B via a communication network such as a public line network, a mobile phone network, and the Internet. This received information includes position information of the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B, information on the charge state and deterioration state of the storage battery of the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B, and the like.

The exchange base identification unit 1022 in charge is in charge of exchanging the storage battery of the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B from the exchange bases 103A and 103B based on the information received by the reception unit 1021 (hereinafter referred to as the exchange base in charge). ) Is specified respectively. In the example of FIG. 1, the exchange base 103A is specified as the exchange base in charge of the battery utilization system 101A, and the exchange base 103B is specified as the exchange base in charge of the battery utilization system 101B.

The determination unit 1023 makes various determinations necessary when the exchange bases 103A and 103B exchange the storage batteries of the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B. For example, it is determined when to replace the storage battery and whether or not it is necessary to prepare for replacing the storage battery.

The transmission unit 1024 determines the judgment result of the judgment unit 1023 together with the information of the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B in charge of each of the charge exchange bases ( exchange bases 103A and 103B) specified by the charge exchange base identification unit 1022. In response, a replacement battery procurement order is sent. The transmission of these information and commands is performed via a communication network such as a public line network, a mobile phone network, and the Internet, similarly to the information received by the receiving unit 1021.

The storage unit 1025 stores various information regarding the management of the storage batteries of the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B. The determination unit 1023 can make various determinations as described above based on the information stored by the storage unit 1025.

The exchange bases 103A and 103B are bases for carrying out processing and work related to the replacement of the storage batteries mounted on the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B in response to the command transmitted from the battery management device 102. The exchange bases 103A and 103B are provided at different locations from each other, and have exchange management units 105A and 105B and replacement batteries 106A and 106B, respectively. In the following, the exchange bases 103A and 103B may be collectively referred to as the exchange base 103.

The example of FIG. 1 shows a case where two exchange bases 103A and 103B exist in the storage battery maintenance system 100, but the number of exchange bases 103 is not limited to this. The storage battery maintenance system 100 can be configured by including an arbitrary number of exchange bases 103.

The replacement batteries 106A and 106B are stored in the replacement bases 103A and 103B, respectively. When replacing the storage batteries of the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B, after the storage batteries mounted on the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B are removed at the exchange bases 103A and 103B, the replacement batteries 106A and 106B are newly replaced. It is installed in the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B as a storage battery, respectively. At this time, as described above, the exchange bases 103A and 103B are designated as the exchange bases in charge of the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B, respectively, according to the information transmitted from the transmission unit 1024 of the battery management device 102. The replacement work of the storage battery at the exchange bases 103A and 103B may be performed manually by the operator, or may be automatically or semi-automatically performed by using the machine installed at the exchange bases 103A and 103B. .. In the following, the replacement batteries 106A and 106B may be collectively referred to as the replacement battery 106.

The exchange management units 105A and 105B are installed at the exchange bases 103A and 103B, respectively, and manage the replacement batteries 106A and 106B, respectively. For example, in response to the replacement battery procurement command transmitted from the transmission unit 1024 of the battery management device 102, the order processing of new replacement batteries 106A and 106B is performed. Then, when the procurement of the replacement batteries 106A and 106B is completed and the storage batteries are ready to be replaced, the battery utilization systems 101A and 101B are instructed to replace the storage batteries, and the replacement work is carried out. The ordering process for the replacement batteries 106A and 106B may be performed by the operator by operating the replacement management units 105A and 105B, or may be automatically performed by the replacement management units 105A and 105B. Further, the replacement management units 105A and 105B can interchange the replacement batteries 106A and 106B with each other according to the instruction of the battery management device 102. In the following, the exchange management units 105A and 105B may be collectively referred to as the exchange management unit 105.

Next, the details of the battery utilization system 101 will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the battery utilization system 101. The battery utilization system 101 is a system that utilizes a rechargeable and dischargeable storage battery, for example, a fluctuation suppression system for renewable energy such as solar power generation, a power supply system for UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply), and a mobile body. It can be realized as a system for various purposes such as a power supply system. FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of a power supply system for an electric vehicle as an example of such a battery utilization system 101.

In the battery utilization system 101 of FIG. 2, the secondary battery system 204 is connected to the inverter 203 via a relay (not shown) and to the charger 205 via a relay (not shown). While the vehicle is running, the secondary battery system 204 is connected to the inverter 203, and the electric energy stored in the secondary battery system 204 is used to drive the motor generator 202 by the inverter 203. Further, at the time of charging, the secondary battery system 204 is connected to the charger 205 and is charged via the charger 205 by a household power source or a power supply from a desk lamp.

The details will be described later, but the secondary battery system 204 is provided with a state detecting means for detecting the charged state and the deteriorated state of the secondary battery system 204. This state detecting means detects various information regarding the charging state and the deterioration state of the secondary battery system 204, and transmits the detection result to the system controller 201. The system controller 201 controls the inverter 203 connected to the secondary battery system 204 by using the information transmitted by the state detecting means in the secondary battery system 204. Specifically, when the vehicle system equipped with the secondary battery system 204 starts and runs, the secondary battery system 204 is connected to the inverter 203 under the control of the system controller 201, and the secondary battery system The motor generator 202 is driven by using the energy stored in the secondary battery in 204. Further, at the time of regeneration, the secondary battery in the secondary battery system 204 is charged by the generated power of the motor generator 202.

In addition to the above, the system controller 201 controls the charger 205 connected to the secondary battery system 204. The charger 205 is used to charge the secondary battery in the secondary battery system 204 using an external power source such as a home or a charging stand. In the present embodiment, the charger 205 is configured to control the charging voltage, charging current, etc. based on the command from the system controller 201, but the charging voltage and charging current are controlled based on the command from the secondary battery system 204. It may be carried out. Further, the charger 205 may be installed inside the vehicle or outside the vehicle depending on the configuration of the vehicle, the performance of the charger 205, the purpose of use, the installation conditions of the external power source, and the like.

When a vehicle equipped with the secondary battery system 204 is connected to an external power source such as a household or charging stand, the secondary battery system 204 and the charger 205 are connected based on the information transmitted by the system controller 201. It is connected and the secondary battery in the secondary battery system 204 is charged until a predetermined condition is met. The electric energy stored in the secondary battery by charging is used not only when the vehicle runs next time, but also for operating electrical components inside and outside the vehicle. Further, if necessary, it may be discharged to an external power source represented by a household power source.

The battery utilization system 101 is provided with a position measuring device 206, a storage device 207, and a communication device 208. The position measuring device 206 measures the position (latitude, longitude) of the battery utilization system 101, and transmits the obtained position information to the system controller 201. Thereby, the position where the battery utilization system 101 is operated can be specified. The system controller 201 also transmits / receives data to / from the storage device 207, and transmits and stores the operation history of the battery utilization system 101 to the storage device 207. The data stored in the storage device 207 is read out by the system controller 201 as needed, and is utilized for the processing executed by the system controller 201.

Further, the system controller 201 also transmits / receives data to / from the communication device 208. The communication device 208 transmits the information transmitted from the system controller 201 to the battery management device 102 outside the battery utilization system 101. That is, the system controller 201 includes information from the inverter 203, information from the secondary battery system 204, information from the charger 205, information from the position measuring device 206, information from the storage device 207, and the battery utilization system 101. General information is collected as needed and transmitted to the battery management device 102 via the communication device 208. As a result, for example, the position information measured by the position measuring device 206 is transmitted from the communication device 208 to the battery management device 102, and is received by the receiving unit 1021 in the battery management device 102. This location information is utilized when the above-mentioned charge exchange base is specified in the charge exchange base identification unit 1022. Further, the communication device 208 can also receive the information transmitted from the battery management device 102 and transmit it to the system controller 201.

Next, the details of the secondary battery system 204 will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the secondary battery system 204.

The secondary battery system 204 includes a secondary battery group 301 in which a plurality of secondary battery cells are connected in series to increase the voltage. Although not shown in FIG. 3, a multi-parallel connection secondary battery group 301 is adopted, in which a plurality of series connections of a plurality of secondary battery cells are connected in parallel to increase the capacity, if necessary. You may. The secondary battery group 301 is electrically connected to the inverter 203 and the charger 205 of FIG. 2 by the battery connection terminals 306P and 306N.

Further, the secondary battery system 204 includes a battery management means 302, a current sensor 303, a temperature sensor 304, and a state detection means 305. The battery management means 302 has a function of measuring the voltage of each secondary battery cell of the secondary battery group 301, and if a voltage variation occurs between the secondary battery cells, it is equalized. It also has a function for. The current sensor 303 measures the current flowing in and out of the secondary battery group 301. If you want to measure the power that goes in and out of the secondary battery group 301, multiply the total voltage of each secondary battery cell measured by the battery management means 302 by the current value measured by the current sensor 303. realizable.

The temperature sensor 304 measures the temperature of the secondary battery group 301 by measuring a typical temperature in the secondary battery group 301. For example, a temperature sensor 304 is installed in a place where the temperature is the highest, a place where the temperature is the lowest, a place where an average temperature can be obtained, etc. in the secondary battery group 301, and the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 304 at that place. Can be the temperature of the secondary battery group 301.

The state detecting means 305 detects the state of the secondary battery group 301 by using the measured values of the voltage, current, and temperature measured by the battery management means 302, the current sensor 303, and the temperature sensor 304, respectively. The state of the secondary battery group 301 detected by the state detecting means 305 is a state of charge (SOC: State of Charge) of the secondary battery group 301, a deteriorated state (SOH: State of Health), and the like. Further, the state of the secondary battery group 301 other than the charged state and the deteriorated state, such as the maximum current or the maximum power that can be input to / received from the secondary battery group 301, the presence / absence of an abnormality in the secondary battery group 301, and various other characteristic information. May be detected. The arithmetic processing for state detection performed by the state detecting means 305 will be described later.

The state of the secondary battery group 301 detected by the state detecting means 305 is transmitted from the state detecting means 305 to the system controller 201 of FIG. 2 via the battery signal input / output terminal 307. Information such as calculation parameters used in the calculation processing performed by the state detection means 305 may be transmitted from the system controller 201 to the state detection means 305 via the battery signal input / output terminal 307.

Subsequently, the detailed processing contents of the state detecting means 305 will be described. As described above, the state detecting means 305 extracts the state such as the SOC and SOH of the secondary battery group 301, the maximum current or power that can be input / output, the presence / absence of an abnormality, and the characteristic information of the secondary battery group 301. Executes various arithmetic processes of. These arithmetic processes can be realized by a well-known method, and specific examples thereof will be described below.

There are two typical methods for SOC detection: a method of detecting by voltage reference and a method of detecting by current integration. The method of detecting by the voltage reference is a method of obtaining the SOC by storing the relationship between the voltage of the battery cell and the SOC in advance and converting the voltage into the SOC in real time. In this method, since the relationship between the voltage and the SOC differs depending on the characteristics of the selected battery cell, the conversion accuracy when obtaining the SOC from the voltage differs depending on the type of battery. On the other hand, in the method of detecting by current integration, SOC is obtained by measuring and integrating the current values entering and exiting the battery cell. In this method, since the measurement error included in the current measurement value is also integrated, there is a problem that the SOC error increases with the passage of time. From the above, since the characteristics vary depending on the SOC detection method, it is necessary to ensure SOC accuracy by selecting the SOC detection method according to the conditions such as battery cell characteristics, sensor performance, and surrounding environment. be.

First, a method of detecting SOC based on a voltage reference will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the battery cells constituting the secondary battery group 301 as an equivalent circuit. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 401 represents an open circuit voltage (OCV: Open Circuit Voltage), reference numeral 402 represents an internal resistance (R), reference numeral 403 represents a polarization resistance component (Rp), and reference numeral 404 represents a capacitance component (C). ..

As shown in FIG. 4, the battery cell is represented by a parallel connection pair of a polarization resistance component 403 and a capacitance component 404, and a series connection of an internal resistance 402 and an open circuit voltage 401. When a current I is applied to the battery cell, the voltage between the terminals of the battery cell (CCV: Closed Circuit Voltage) is represented by the following (Equation 1). In (Equation 1), Vp is the polarization voltage, which corresponds to the voltage of the parallel connection pair of the polarization resistance component 403 and the capacitance component 404.
CCV ＝ OCV ＋ I ・ R ＋ Vp (Equation 1)

OCV is used for SOC calculation, but it is impossible to directly measure OCV when the battery cell is charged and discharged. Therefore, OCV is calculated by subtracting IR drop and Vp from CCV as shown in the following (Equation 2).
OCV = CCV-I / R-Vp (Equation 2)

In (Equation 2), the values of CCV and I are determined by the voltage value detected by the battery management means 302 and the current value detected by the current sensor 303, respectively. Further, the value of R is determined by the characteristic parameter of the battery cell preset for state detection. This is stored in advance in, for example, a storage device (not shown) provided in the state detecting means 305. Further, the value of Vp is determined by using the current value detected by the current sensor 303 and the above-mentioned characteristic parameter of the battery cell. It is preferable that the characteristic parameters of the battery cell are extracted in advance according to various battery states such as the SOC and temperature of the battery cell and stored in the state detecting means 305. By doing so, it becomes possible to calculate the OCV with high accuracy.

Based on the OCV thus obtained from (Equation 2), the SOC can be obtained by using the relationship between the OCV and the SOC peculiar to the battery cell. The relationship between OCV and SOC used here is determined by the characteristics of the materials that make up the battery cell.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between OCV and SOC in a battery cell. The state detecting means 305 can calculate the OCV by (Equation 2) and detect the SOC of the battery cell from the relationship between the OCV and the SOC as shown in FIG. For example, the SOC can be obtained by storing the map information representing OCV and SOC shown in FIG. 5 in advance in the state detecting means 305 and referring to the map information according to the following (Equation 3). Hereinafter, the SOC thus obtained from the OCV may be referred to as an SOCv.
SOCv = MAP (OCV) (Equation 3)

In the above, the method of detecting SOC based on voltage (OCV) has been described. Subsequently, another SOC detection method, the SOC detection method by current integration, will be described below.

The following (Equation 4) is a calculation formula for detecting SOC by current integration. When the secondary battery group 301 is charged and discharged, the SOC changes in real time according to the current input / output to the secondary battery group 301. When the SOC at this time is expressed as SOCi, SOCi can be expressed by the calculation of integrating the current values as in (Equation 4).
SOCi ＝ SOCvinit ＋ 100 × ∫Idt ／ Qmax (Equation 4)

In (Equation 4), SOCvinit represents the initial value of SOC. For this, for example, the value of SOCv obtained by the above-mentioned calculation method based on OCV can be used. After the SOCvinit value is determined by an arbitrary method, the SOCvinit value is set to a fixed value in the subsequent calculation of (Equation 4). Further, Qmax indicates the full charge capacity of the secondary battery group 301.

Here, in the calculation method of (Equation 4), since the current value flowing through the secondary battery group 301 is integrated, the current measurement error is also integrated, and there is a problem that the SOC error increases with the passage of time. be. Therefore, when integrating for a predetermined time, it is necessary to take measures such as resetting the SOC error by some method.

In the above, the SOC detection method based on the voltage reference and the SOC detection method based on the current integration have been described, but a method of obtaining a more accurate SOC by combining these two SOC detection methods can also be adopted. When the SOC at this time is expressed as SOCc, for example, SOCc can be obtained by combining SOCv and SOCi obtained by the two SOC detection methods according to the following (Equation 5).
SOCc ＝ W × SOCv ＋ (1-W) × SOCi (Equation 5)

When obtaining SOCc using (Equation 5), it is necessary to establish a method for determining the weighting coefficient W for combining two SOCs (SOCv, SOCi). The weighting coefficient W may be set to a value capable of detecting SOC with high accuracy in consideration of the characteristics of the battery and the charge / discharge pattern of the battery.

From the above, the SOC detection method based on voltage reference, the SOC detection method based on current integration, and the SOC detection method based on the combination of these two methods have been described, but the characteristics of the secondary battery group 301 that need to be grasped in advance according to each method. There are differences in the parameters. Specifically, in SOC detection based on voltage, each parameter characteristic in the equivalent circuit of FIG. 4, that is, the relationship between OCV and SOC in FIG. 5, internal resistance (R), polarization resistance component (Rp), and capacitance component. It is necessary to know the value of (C) in advance. On the other hand, in SOC detection by current integration, it is necessary to grasp in advance the relationship between OCV and SOC in FIG. 5, the value of the full charge capacity Qmax in (Equation 4), and the like. Furthermore, in the SOC detection method that combines both, it is necessary to prepare both characteristic parameters. Since these characteristic parameters change as the secondary battery group 301 deteriorates, it is necessary to grasp the characteristic changes due to the deterioration in order to ensure the SOC detection accuracy.

In the above explanation, SOC detection among the states of the secondary battery group 301 has been described as an example, but when detecting the maximum current / power that can be charged / discharged, or when detecting the amount of power that can be supplied by the battery, etc. Even when detecting a state other than the SOC and utilizing it for the operation of the secondary battery system 204, it is necessary to grasp the various characteristic parameters described above. For example, the maximum current that can be charged and discharged (ICHGmax: charge current, IDISmax: discharge current) of the battery can be detected by the following (Equation 6) and (Equation 7). In this case, the value of the internal resistance Rt in (Equation 6) and (Equation 7) is based on the charge / discharge duration, considering all of the internal resistance (R), the polarization resistance component (Rp), and the capacitance component (C). Can be decided. At this time, the maximum current can be estimated with high accuracy by grasping the influence of each deterioration. Further, by multiplying this by the battery voltage, the maximum power can be estimated with high accuracy.
ICHGmax = (Battery upper limit voltage-OCV) / Rt (Equation 6)
IDISmax = (OCV-Battery lower limit voltage) / Rt (Equation 7)

From the above, the processing contents of battery status detection have been explained using SOC and maximum current / power calculation as examples. The more accurately the above-mentioned characteristic parameters can be grasped, the higher the accuracy of these state detections can be realized, which leads to the optimum operation of the secondary battery system 204. Hereinafter, the processing contents for detecting the characteristic change of the secondary battery group 301 due to this deterioration will be described.

First, the method of detecting SOH due to changes in internal resistance will be described. When the battery deteriorates, the parameters in the equivalent circuit of FIG. 4, such as the increase in internal resistance, change. Therefore, by detecting the change in the internal resistance, the deterioration state (SOH) of the battery can be detected.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a method for detecting internal resistance. FIG. 6A shows the state of the current change when the secondary battery group 301 is discharged from time t0 to time t1, and FIG. 6B shows the state of the current change when the secondary battery group 301 is discharged from time t0 to time t1. It shows the state of the voltage change when the battery is discharged to.

As shown in FIG. 6B, when the discharge of the secondary battery group 301 is started at time t0, a voltage drop of the multiplication result of the current I and the internal resistance R (= I × R) occurs. Further, when the discharge is completed at time t1, the voltage drop is restored. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the value of the internal resistance R by the following (Equation 8) at the two points of time t0 and time t1 where the current change can be measured. In (Equation 8), CCV (t) and I (t) represent the battery voltage (voltage between terminals) and the current at time t, respectively, and Δt represents the measurement interval.
R = (CCV (t) -CCV (t-Δt)) / (I (t) -I (t-Δt)) (Equation 8)

The present invention is not limited to this, and another method may be adopted if the internal resistance R of the secondary battery group 301 is obtained.

By dividing the current value of the internal resistance R thus obtained by the value of the internal resistance R in the initial state of the secondary battery group 301, the rate of increase in the internal resistance according to the deterioration state can be obtained. Hereinafter, this will be referred to as SOHR. That is, SOHR, which is SOH due to a change in internal resistance, is obtained by the following (Equation 9).
SOHR = 100 × Current internal resistance / Initial internal resistance (Equation 9)

Next, a method for detecting SOH due to a decrease in the full charge capacity will be described. When the battery deteriorates, the full charge capacity Qmax in the above-mentioned (Equation 4) decreases. Therefore, by detecting the change in the full charge capacity Qmax, the deterioration state (SOH) of the battery can be detected.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a method for detecting a full charge capacity. FIG. 7A shows a state of voltage change when the battery is discharged from time t0 to time t1.

The battery voltage is measured before the start of discharging of the secondary battery group 301 (before time t0), and the SOC (SOC1) before discharging is detected by using the relationship between OCV and SOC shown in FIG. 5 described above. Further, after sufficient time has passed after the end of discharge (after time t1), a stable battery voltage is measured, and the SOC (SOC2) after discharge is detected by using the relationship between OCV and SOC in FIG. .. The full charge capacity Qmax can be obtained by performing the following calculation (Equation 10) from the detection results of SOC1 and SOC2.
Qmax ＝ 100 × ∫Idt / (SOC2-SOC1) (Equation 10)

By dividing the current value of the full charge capacity Qmax obtained in this way by the value of the full charge capacity Qmax in the initial state of the secondary battery group 301, the reduction rate (maintenance rate) of the full charge capacity according to the deterioration can be obtained. Can be done. Hereinafter, this will be referred to as SOHQ. That is, the SOHQ, which is the SOH due to the decrease in the full charge capacity, is obtained by the following (Equation 11).
SOHQ = 100 x current full charge capacity / initial full charge capacity (Equation 11)

As shown in (Equation 10), the SOHQ calculation method includes the integral calculation of the current value. Therefore, as in the SOCi calculation described in (Equation 4) above, the current measurement error is also integrated, and the calculation accuracy decreases with the passage of time. Therefore, in the case of charging / discharging conditions with a small cumulative error, the above calculation is applied only when charging / discharging is performed so that SOC1 and SOC2 are greatly separated in a short period of time, for example, a charging / discharging pattern of excessive charging or excessive discharging. It is preferable to apply measures such as

FIG. 7B shows an example of the relationship between SOHR and SOHQ in the secondary battery group 301. By acquiring such a relationship between SOHR and SOHQ in advance and using this relationship, SOHQ may be obtained from the detection result of SOHR. In this case, by multiplying the obtained SOHQ value by the initial capacity of the secondary battery group 301, the current full charge capacity Qmax value can be obtained.

Since the SOHQ detection method described above does not include integral calculation, the problem of cumulative current measurement error as described above does not occur. However, the relationship between SOHR and SOHQ as shown in FIG. 7B can change variously depending on the usage conditions of the battery. Therefore, in order to obtain SOHQ with high accuracy, it is necessary to perform a battery test according to the assumed usage conditions in advance and extract the relationship between SOHR and SOHQ for as many usage conditions as possible. The deterioration characteristics (relationship between SOHR and SOHQ) of the secondary battery group 301 thus obtained are implemented in advance in the state detection means 305 as state detection parameters after characteristic parameters such as mapping are performed.

Although the above two SOHQ detection methods have been described in the present embodiment, SOHQ may be detected by adopting another method.

The state detecting means 305 can obtain the SOC and SOH of the secondary battery group 301 by executing the arithmetic processing described above. In the above description, both SOHR and SOHQ detection methods have been described as SOH detection methods, but the description of the present embodiment will be described below by taking the case of using SOHQ as an example.

The battery status detection result by the status detecting means 305 is transmitted to the system controller 201 via the battery signal input / output terminal 307. The system controller 201 controls charging / discharging of the secondary battery system 204 according to the received battery state. Further, the system controller 201 can also transmit the information received from the secondary battery system 204 to the storage device 207 and store it as history information. The history information stored in the storage device 207 may be in the form of time-series data or in the form of a histogram.

The system controller 201 also stores the position information from the position measuring device 206 in the storage device 207 as history information in the same time-series data or histogram format. In the present embodiment, the data is passed through the system controller 201, but the storage device 207 may directly receive the data from the position measuring device 206.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of history information of the battery utilization system 101 stored in the storage device 207 in a histogram format. In FIG. 8, (a) is an example of SOC history information, (b) is an example of temperature history information, (c) is an example of current history information, and (d) is an example of position history information. Are shown respectively.

The system controller 201 can transmit the history information of the battery utilization system 101 stored in the storage device 207 to the outside of the battery utilization system 101 including the battery management device 102 via the communication device 208. Instead of the history information stored in the storage device 207, the information from the state detecting means 305 or the position measuring device 206 may be transmitted to the outside as it is via the communication device 208. In this case, the battery management device 102 that has received the information from the battery utilization system 101 accumulates the information and creates a histogram as shown in FIG. 8 using the accumulated information, as described above. It can be used when specifying the exchange base in charge.

Next, the battery management device 102 that receives the transmission data from the battery utilization system 101 and executes the processing will be described. The battery management device 102 acquires the position of the battery utilization system 101 by receiving the information transmitted by the battery utilization system 101 by the receiving unit 1021. Based on this location information, the responsible exchange base specifying unit 1022 can extract the main stay area of the battery utilization system 101 and specify the responsible exchange base. At this time, if the position information transmitted from the battery utilization system 101 is time-series data, or if the position information measured by the position measuring device 206 is transmitted from the battery utilization system 101 at predetermined time intervals, the received position. The information may be statistically processed by the exchange base identification unit 1022 in charge, and the main stay area of the battery utilization system 101 may be extracted based on the result. Based on the main stay area extracted in this way, it is possible to assign the exchange base corresponding to the battery utilization system 101 among the exchange bases 103A and 103B as the exchange base in charge.

The main stay area of the battery utilization system 101 may be extracted as a position range having a certain width, or a specific point may be extracted as the main stay area. For example, in the histogram shown in FIG. 8D, a position range in which the frequency of occurrence is equal to or higher than a predetermined value may be extracted as the main staying area, or the point having the highest frequency of occurrence may be set as the main staying area. When a specific point is extracted as the main stay area, the main stay area of the battery utilization system 101 can be rephrased as the main position indicating the position where the battery utilization system 101 mainly exists. In the following description, the method of allocating the responsible exchange base when the main position of the battery utilization system 101 is extracted and the responsible exchange base is specified in the responsible exchange base specifying unit 1022 will be described.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the method of allocating the exchange base in charge. In the first method shown in FIG. 9A, the nearest exchange base 103 is assigned to the main position of each battery utilization system 101 as the exchange base in charge. On the other hand, in the second method shown in FIG. 9B, the area in charge of each exchange base 103 is determined in advance, and it is confirmed in which area the main position of each battery utilization system 101 is included. Allocate the exchange base in charge. In the above, two methods (first method and second method) have been described as the method of allocating the exchange base in charge, but the exchange base in charge for each battery utilization system 101 may be determined by another method. ..

Further, the battery management device 102 confirms the remaining life (remaining life) of the secondary battery group 301 based on the information from the battery utilization system 101. The method is described below.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram relating to the calculation method of the remaining life of the battery. FIG. 10A shows a method of calculating the remaining life when the battery life is defined by time. For example, assuming that the battery life is 10 years, the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 can be obtained by subtracting the operating time of the secondary battery group 301 from 10 years. This calculation may be performed by the state detecting means 305 in the battery utilization system 101, or the time during which the secondary battery system 204 is operated is measured by the state detecting means 305, and the communication device is processed by the system controller 201. By transmitting the measurement result from 208 to the battery management device 102, it can also be carried out by the battery management device 102. The operating time of the secondary battery group 301 may be held by the storage device 207 or may be held by a storage area (not shown) provided in the state detecting means 305. Any means may be adopted as long as the operating time can be stored.

An ID that can individually identify the secondary battery group 301 is stored in each battery utilization system 101, and the battery management device 102 also uses the secondary battery group 301 mounted in each battery utilization system 101 as an ID unit. In the case of management by, it is also possible to hold the set number of years of battery life according to the ID on the battery management device 102 side. By doing so, if the ID of the secondary battery group 301 mounted on each battery utilization system 101 and the operating time of the secondary battery group 301 are transmitted from each battery utilization system 101 to the battery management device 102, the battery can be used. The remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 can be calculated in the management device 102.

On the other hand, FIG. 10B shows a calculation method of the remaining life when the battery life is defined by the performance. For example, a certain value of a predetermined battery performance (here, SOHQ) is defined as a life performance, and when the battery performance falls below this life performance due to deterioration of the secondary battery group 301, the life of the secondary battery group 301 is exhausted. When determining, the period from the present until the end of the life performance is the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301. In this case, the SOHQ indicating the deterioration state of the current secondary battery group 301 is detected by the method as described above, and the secondary battery group 301 is continuously operated based on the operation history information of the secondary battery group 301. The deterioration rate is obtained, and the date and time when the SOHQ value reaches the life performance is predicted. Then, by obtaining the difference between the predicted date and time and the current date and time, it is possible to calculate the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301.

The battery management device 102 determines the remaining life of the main stay area of the battery utilization system 101 and the secondary battery group 301 obtained as described above according to the ID assigned to each secondary battery group 301 as described above. Can be managed. Hereinafter, a method of managing the secondary battery group 301 by this ID will be described.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a management list used for managing the secondary battery group 301 in the first embodiment of the present invention. The management list of FIG. 11 is stored, for example, in the battery management device 102 by the storage unit 1025.

In the management list of FIG. 11, each item of ID, battery type, number of batteries, operating area, and remaining life is set. In the ID, the value of the ID assigned to each secondary battery group 301 is recorded. In the battery type, the type of the secondary battery used in the secondary battery group 301 is recorded. In the number of batteries, the number of secondary batteries constituting the secondary battery group 301 is recorded. In the operating area, the operating area of the battery utilization system 101 on which the secondary battery group 301 is mounted is recorded. For example, the above-mentioned major stay area is recorded as an operating area. In the remaining life, the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 calculated as described above is recorded. The battery management device 102 can manage the secondary battery group 301 mounted on each battery utilization system 101 by using the management list as shown in FIG. The management list shown in FIG. 11 is an example, and other items may be included in the management list.

Subsequently, the processing contents of the battery management device 102 will be described below. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing executed by the battery management device 102 in the first embodiment of the present invention.

First, the battery management device 102 designates the ID of the secondary battery group 301 to be monitored (S1201).

Next, the battery management device 102 receives the history information transmitted from the battery utilization system 101 equipped with the secondary battery group 301 of the ID specified in step S1201 by the receiving unit 1021 (S1202).

Next, the battery management device 102 extracts the main stay area of the battery utilization system 101 based on the position information included in the history information received in step S1202 by the exchange base identification unit 1022 in charge (S1203). Here, it is possible to extract the main staying area from the location information by the method as described above.

Next, the battery management device 102 identifies the responsible exchange base of the secondary battery group 301 with the ID specified in step S1201 based on the main stay area extracted in step S1203 by the responsible exchange base specifying unit 1022 (S1204). .. Here, the exchange base 103 corresponding to the battery utilization system 101 equipped with the secondary battery group 301 is provided by the two methods described in FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b) described above, or by another method. , It is possible to specify as the exchange base in charge.

Next, the battery management device 102 is determined by the determination unit 1023 based on the information regarding the battery state of the secondary battery group 301 included in the history information received in step S1202, for example, information such as SOC, SOH, temperature, and current. The estimated life arrival time of the next battery group 301 is acquired, and the remaining life is calculated (S1205). Here, it is possible to calculate the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 by the method as described above. When the state detecting means 305 calculates the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 in the battery utilization system 101, the process of step S1205 is omitted by receiving the history information including the calculation result in step S1202. You may.

Next, the battery management device 102 determines by the determination unit 1023 whether or not it is necessary to prepare for replacement of the secondary battery group 301 based on the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 calculated in step S1205 (step S1206). .. Here, for example, the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 and the replacement man-hours when replacing the secondary battery group 301 are compared. The replacement man-hours at this time include the procurement period of the replacement battery 106 at the replacement base 103, the replacement work time, and the like. As a result, when the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 is longer than the replacement man-hours, it is determined that the replacement preparation of the secondary battery group 301 is still unnecessary, and the process proceeds to step S1208. On the other hand, when the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 is less than the replacement man-hours, it is determined that the replacement of the secondary battery group 301 is necessary, and the process proceeds to step S1207.

In the determination of step S1206, the comparison with the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 is not limited to the replacement man-hours, and may be any value. That is, when the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 estimated in step S1205 is equal to or less than a predetermined value, it can be determined that preparation for replacement of the secondary battery group 301 is necessary. Further, the determination in step S1206 may be performed by a method other than the above.

When it is determined in step S1206 that the secondary battery group 301 needs to be prepared for replacement, the battery management device 102 then receives a replacement battery for the replacement base 103 specified as the replacement base in charge in step S1204 by the transmission unit 1024. The procurement command of 106 is transmitted (step S1207). At the exchange base 103 designated as the exchange base in charge, when this procurement command is received by the exchange management unit 105, it is obtained from procurement such as input of data necessary for actually procuring the replacement battery 106, estimation, delivery procedure, etc. Carry out the paperwork up to. The replacement battery 106 thus obtained is stored in the replacement base 103.

When the secondary battery group 301 with the ID specified in step S1201 reaches the end of its life, the secondary battery group 301 is removed from the battery utilization system 101 at the replacement base 103, which is the replacement base in charge, and replaced with the stored replacement battery 106. do. As a result, the replacement work can be smoothly performed. The replaced secondary battery group 301 that has been replaced with the replacement battery 106 and recovered from the battery utilization system 101 may be re-distributed as a new replacement battery 106. In this case, it is preferable that the replacement base 103 measures the deteriorated state and the remaining life of the recirculated replacement battery 106, and the measurement result is managed by the battery management device 102.

After determining in step S1206 that it is not necessary to prepare for replacement of the secondary battery group 301, or after issuing a procurement command for the replacement battery 106 in step S1207, the battery management device 102 has not been added to the ID specified so far. It is determined whether or not the designated ID exists (S1208). As a result, if an unspecified ID exists, the process returns to step S1201 and the above process is repeated. On the other hand, when all the IDs have been specified, the process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 12 is terminated.

In the battery management device 102 of the present embodiment, the processes of steps S1201 to S1207 can be applied to all the managed secondary battery groups 301 according to the flowchart of FIG. 12 described above. By doing so, the replacement battery 106 can be procured in advance before each secondary battery group 301 reaches the end of its life, and the secondary battery group 301 can be smoothly replaced when the life is reached. Therefore, the optimum and efficient replacement maintenance of the battery utilization system 101 can be realized.

According to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the following effects are exhibited.

(1) The storage battery maintenance system 100 is a system for maintaining the secondary battery group 301, which is a storage battery mounted on the battery utilization system 101. The storage battery maintenance system 100 includes a receiving unit 1021, a responsible exchange base specifying unit 1022, a determination unit 1023, and a transmitting unit 1024. The receiving unit 1021 receives the position information from the battery utilization system 101 (S1202). The exchange base identification unit 1022 in charge selects the exchange base in charge of exchanging the secondary battery group 301 from among a plurality of exchange bases 103 provided at different locations based on the position information received by the reception unit 1021. Specify (S1204). The determination unit 1023 determines whether or not it is necessary to prepare for replacement of the secondary battery group 301 (S1206). Based on the result of the determination by the determination unit 1023, the transmission unit 1024 transmits a procurement command instructing the procurement of the replacement battery 106 for replacement with the secondary battery group 301 to the exchange base in charge (S1207). As a result, the secondary battery group 301, which is a storage battery, can be efficiently replaced with respect to the battery utilization system 101.

(2) The determination unit 1023 estimates the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 (S1205), and determines that it is necessary to prepare for replacement of the secondary battery group 301 when the estimated remaining life is equal to or less than a predetermined value (S1206:). Yes). Since this is done, it is possible to appropriately determine whether or not the secondary battery group 301 needs to be prepared for replacement.

(3) The receiving unit 1021 receives the position information from the battery utilization system 101. The exchange base specifying unit 1022 in charge extracts the main stay area of the battery utilization system 101 based on this location information (S1203), and identifies the exchange base in charge based on the main stay area (S1204). Because of this, even in the case of a system in which the battery utilization system 101 can be moved, such as a power supply system for an electric vehicle, the optimum exchange base in charge according to the position where the battery utilization system 101 is mainly operated. Can be identified.

(4) The storage battery maintenance system 100 is provided at each of a plurality of exchange bases 103, and includes an exchange management unit 105 that manages the storage status of the exchange battery 106 procured in accordance with the procurement order. Since this is done, the replacement battery 106 can be appropriately managed at each exchange base 103.

(5) The secondary battery group 301 that has been replaced with the replacement battery 106 at the exchange base in charge and recovered from the battery utilization system 101 may be redistributed as a new replacement battery 106. By doing so, it is possible to promote the reuse of the secondary battery group 301 recovered from the battery utilization system 101, and to contribute to environmental protection and resource saving.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, an example of issuing a procurement command for the replacement battery 106 will be described in consideration of the battery performance required for the battery utilization system 101.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a storage battery maintenance system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The storage battery maintenance system 100'shown in FIG. 13 is different from the storage battery maintenance system 100 of FIG. 1 described in the first embodiment, except that the battery management device 102 is replaced with the battery management device 102'. It has the same configuration.

The battery management device 102'has a required performance setting unit 1026 in addition to the functions of the reception unit 1021, the charge exchange base identification unit 1022, the determination unit 1023, the transmission unit 1024, and the storage unit 1025. In the battery management device 102', each of these functions is realized by using, for example, a program executed by the CPU or a storage device such as an HDD or SSD.

The required performance setting unit 1026 sets the required performance for the replacement battery 106. For example, the required value for the remaining life of the replacement battery 106 can be set as the required performance. The required performance set by the required performance setting unit 1026 is stored in the storage unit 1025 and used when the transmission unit 1024 transmits a procurement command for the replacement battery 106.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a management list used for managing the secondary battery group 301 in the second embodiment of the present invention. The management list of FIG. 14 is stored by the storage unit 1025 in, for example, the battery management device 102'.

In the management list of FIG. 14, in addition to each item of the management list of FIG. 11 described in the first embodiment, the required performance at the time of replacement is further described as an item representing the required performance set by the required performance setting unit 1026. Items have been added. In the required performance at the time of replacement, the required performance for the replacement battery 106 used when replacing the secondary battery group 301 is recorded. For example, the remaining life of the replacement battery 106 is recorded in this.

It is assumed that the battery management device 102'determines that the secondary battery group 301 has reached the end of its life by the determination unit 1023, and the battery needs to be replaced. However, when the life of the battery utilization system 101 is about to reach the end (hereinafter referred to as the first case), the period during which the secondary battery group 301 is used after replacement is until the life of the battery utilization system 101 is reached. It's just the rest of the period. Therefore, as the replacement battery 106, it is sufficient to prepare a battery that can be used only for the remaining period. Further, when the battery utilization system 101 includes a secondary battery group 301 connected in multiple parallels, and only a part of the secondary battery cells needs to be replaced (hereinafter, referred to as a second case). It is desirable to prepare a replacement battery 106 according to the performance of another secondary battery cell that is not the target of replacement, and replace it with a secondary battery cell that has reached the end of its life.

It is more optimal for the entire system to procure a replacement battery 106 having a predetermined performance instead of simply procuring a new replacement battery 106 as in the first case and the second case above. In some cases, replacement maintenance can be achieved. Therefore, in the storage battery maintenance system 100'of this embodiment, the required performance setting unit 1026 is provided in the battery management device 102', and the item of the required performance at the time of replacement for the secondary battery group 301 is added to the management list shown in FIG. is doing. Then, when the battery management device 102'transmits a procurement command for the replacement battery 106 to the replacement base 103, the information on the required performance recorded in this item is included in the procurement command.

When the exchange base 103 designated as the exchange base in charge receives the procurement command transmitted from the battery management device 102', it searches for a replacement battery 106 that satisfies the required performance based on the required performance information included in the procurement command. And procure. For example, among the replacement batteries 106 that have been collected from the battery utilization system 101 and re-distributed in the past, the replacement battery 106 that meets the required performance is procured. At this time, the replacement battery 106 that meets the required performance may be procured by having the replacement battery 106 collected and re-distributed at another exchange base 103 accommodated. Thereby, in the first case, the replacement battery 106 having a sufficient remaining life to cover the period until the life of the battery utilization system 101 is reached can be procured. Further, in the second case, in the secondary battery group 301 of the multi-parallel connection, the replacement battery 106 can be procured so that the performance difference does not occur more than the threshold value with the secondary battery cell that is not the replacement target.

Based on the above, the processing contents of the battery management device 102'are described below. FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing executed by the battery management device 102'in the second embodiment of the present invention. In the flowchart of FIG. 15, the same step numbers are assigned to the steps that perform the same processing as the flowchart of FIG. 12 described in the first embodiment. In the following, the description of the process of the same step number as in FIG. 12 will be omitted unless there is a particular need.

After posting the remaining life of the secondary battery group 301 in step S1205, the battery management device 102'sets the required performance for the replacement battery 106 by the required performance setting unit 1026 (S1501). Here, the required value of the remaining life (remaining life) of the replacement battery 106 is set according to the situation of the secondary battery group 301 and the battery utilization system 101 on which the secondary battery group 301 is mounted. For example, in the first case described above, based on the remaining life of the battery utilization system 101, a required value according to the remaining life is set for the replacement battery 106. Further, for example, in the above-mentioned second case, the remaining life (remaining life) of each secondary battery cell excluding the secondary battery cell to be replaced among the plurality of secondary battery cells constituting the secondary battery group 301. The required value of the remaining life (remaining life) for the replacement battery 106 is set based on the above. The required value for the replacement battery 106 can be expressed by a period until the predicted end of life, a SOH value, or the like.

The required performance for the replacement battery 106 set in step S1501 is recorded in the item of required performance at the time of replacement in the management list of FIG. 14 stored in the storage unit 1025. After finishing this, the process proceeds to step S1206.

When it is determined in step S1206 that the secondary battery group 301 needs to be prepared for replacement, the battery management device 102'is set by the transmission unit 1024 with respect to the exchange base 103 specified as the responsible exchange base in step S1204 in step S1501. A procurement command including the required performance for the replacement battery 106 is transmitted (step S1502). When the exchange base 103 designated as the exchange base in charge receives this procurement command by the exchange management unit 105, the exchange battery 106 satisfying the required performance is procured. The obtained replacement battery 106 is stored in the replacement base 103 and replaced with the secondary battery group 301 of the battery utilization system 101.

In the battery management device 102'of the present embodiment, the required performance for the replacement battery 106 is set in consideration of the battery performance required for each battery utilization system 101 according to the flowchart of FIG. 15 described above, and the required performance is set. Send the procurement order including. As a result, at the exchange base 103 designated as the exchange base in charge, the replacement battery 106 with the optimum battery performance is procured in advance before each secondary battery group 301 reaches the end of its life, and the replacement battery 106 is smoothly reached at the end of its life. The secondary battery group 301 can be replaced. Therefore, the optimum and efficient replacement maintenance of the battery utilization system 101 can be realized.

According to the second embodiment of the present invention described above, in addition to the (1) to (5) described in the first embodiment, the following effects are further exerted.

(6) The storage battery maintenance system 100'provides a required performance setting unit 1026 for setting a required value for the remaining life of the replacement battery 106. The transmission unit 1024 transmits a procurement command including the required value of the remaining life set by the required performance setting unit 1026 to the exchange base in charge (S1502). Therefore, in consideration of the battery performance required for the battery utilization system 101, it is possible to procure the replacement battery 106 having appropriate battery performance in just proportion to the replacement base in charge.

(7) The required performance setting unit 1026 can set the required value of the remaining life for the replacement battery 106 based on the remaining life of the battery utilization system 101 (S1501). By doing so, even if the life of the battery utilization system 101 is about to reach the end as in the first case described above, the required value of the remaining life for the replacement battery 106 is appropriately set without excess or deficiency. It becomes possible to do.

(8) The secondary battery group 301 is configured by using a plurality of battery cells. The transmission unit 1024 can transmit a procurement command for the battery cell to be replaced designated among the plurality of battery cells. Further, the required performance setting unit 1026 can set the required value of the remaining life for the replacement battery 106 based on the remaining life of each battery cell excluding the battery cell to be replaced among the plurality of battery cells. (S1501). By doing so, even if only a part of the battery cells in the secondary battery group 301 needs to be replaced as in the second case described above, the required value of the remaining life of the replacement battery 106 is excessively insufficient. It is possible to set appropriately without.

(Modification example)
The first and second embodiments described above can be modified as follows.

The exchange management unit 105 provided in each exchange base 103 manages the storage status such as the number of stocks of the replacement battery 106 stored by each exchange base 103 as the exchange base in charge. Therefore, the replacement management unit 105 may perform charge / discharge control of the secondary battery group 301 mounted on the battery utilization system 101 in charge of each replacement base 103 based on the number of stocks of the replacement battery 106. ..

If the replacement battery 106 cannot be sufficiently secured at the replacement base 103, and the number of the secondary battery group 301 mounted on the battery utilization system 101 in charge of the replacement base 103 increases, the replacement battery group 301 reaches the end of its life. The battery 106 may run short. As a result, a large number of man-hours may be required for replacement maintenance. Therefore, in this modification, in consideration of possible replacement of the secondary battery group 301 in the future, the battery utilization in charge of the replacement base 103 according to the number of stocks of the replacement battery 106 stored in the replacement base 103 is taken into consideration. The exchange management unit 105 is provided with a function of transmitting a signal for changing the operation of the system 101.

Specifically, when the number of replacement batteries 106 in stock at the replacement base 103 is small, the replacement management unit 105 suppresses charging / discharging of the secondary battery group 301 in the battery utilization system 101 to limit the charging / discharging current. Apply control. On the contrary, when the replacement battery 106 is in stock at the replacement base 103, the replacement management unit 105 does not apply or cancels the above charge / discharge limitation of the secondary battery group 301 in the battery utilization system 101. Apply control to Such a change in the operation of the battery utilization system 101 is performed, for example, by transmitting an operation command including a maximum charge / discharge current or a charge / discharge current suppression rate from the replacement management unit 105 to the battery utilization system 101. The operation command transmitted from the exchange management unit 105 is received by the communication device 208 in the battery utilization system 101 and output to the system controller 201 to be applied to the charge / discharge control performed by the system controller 201.

According to the modification described above, the exchange management unit 105 installed in the exchange base 103, which is the exchange base in charge, is a storage battery based on the number of stocks of the replacement batteries 106 stored in the exchange base in charge. A command for changing the operation of the secondary battery group 301 is transmitted. As a result, when the number of replacement batteries 106 in stock is small, deterioration of the secondary battery group 301 can be suppressed and the end of life can be delayed, so that time is secured for resolving the shortage of stock of replacement batteries 106. can do. In the above, the case where the control for limiting charge / discharge is applied is described as an example, but by changing the operation of the battery utilization system 101, the deterioration of the secondary battery group 301 is suppressed and the life is delayed. It is possible to adopt another means as long as it is possible. For example, when the number of replacement batteries 106 in stock is small, the SOC range of the secondary battery group 301 that can be used during operation may be changed. In this case, if the number of replacement batteries 106 in stock is low, an operation command for changing the maximum or minimum SOC of the secondary battery group 301 that can be used during operation is issued from the exchange management unit 105 to the battery utilization system 101. Is transmitted and reflected in the charge / discharge control performed by the system controller 201.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and other embodiments considered within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention are also included within the scope of the present invention.

100,100': Storage battery maintenance system, 101,101A, 101B: Battery utilization system, 102,102': Battery management device, 103,103A, 103B: Exchange base, 105,105A, 105B: Exchange management unit, 106,106A , 106B: Replacement battery, 201: System controller, 202: Motor generator, 203: Inverter, 204: Secondary battery system, 205: Charger, 206: Position measuring device, 207: Storage device, 208: Communication device, 301 : Secondary battery group, 302: Battery management means, 303: Current sensor, 304: Temperature sensor, 305: Status detection means, 306P, 306N: Battery connection terminal, 307: Battery signal input / output terminal, 1021: Receiver, 1022 : Charged exchange base identification unit, 1023: Judgment unit, 1024: Transmission unit, 1025: Storage unit, 1026: Required performance setting unit

Claims (11)

1. It is a system that maintains the storage battery installed in the battery system.
   A receiver that receives location information from the battery system,
   Based on the location information, the exchange base identification unit that identifies the exchange base in charge of exchanging the storage battery from among a plurality of exchange bases provided at different locations.
   A judgment unit that determines whether or not the storage battery needs to be replaced, and
   A storage battery maintenance system including a transmission unit that transmits a procurement command instructing procurement of a replacement storage battery for replacement with the storage battery to the exchange base in charge based on the result of the determination by the determination unit.
2. In the storage battery maintenance system according to claim 1,
   The determination unit is a storage battery maintenance system that estimates the remaining life of the storage battery and determines that it is necessary to prepare for replacement of the storage battery when the estimated remaining life is equal to or less than a predetermined value.
3. In the storage battery maintenance system according to claim 1,
   The receiving unit receives the position information from the battery system and receives the position information.
   The chargeable exchange base specifying unit is a storage battery maintenance system that extracts the main stay area of the battery system based on the location information and specifies the charge exchange base based on the main stay area.
4. In the storage battery maintenance system according to claim 1,
   It is equipped with a required performance setting unit that sets the required value of the remaining life of the replacement storage battery.
   The transmission unit is a storage battery maintenance system that transmits the procurement command including the required value of the remaining life set by the required performance setting unit to the exchange base in charge.
5. In the storage battery maintenance system according to claim 4,
   The required performance setting unit is a storage battery maintenance system that sets a required value of the remaining life for the replacement storage battery based on the remaining life of the battery system.
6. In the storage battery maintenance system according to claim 4,
   The storage battery is configured by using a plurality of battery cells.
   The transmission unit transmits the procurement command for the battery cell to be replaced specified among the plurality of battery cells.
   The required performance setting unit sets the required value of the remaining life of the replacement storage battery based on the remaining life of each battery cell excluding the battery cell to be replaced among the plurality of battery cells. system.
7. In the storage battery maintenance system according to claim 1,
   A storage battery maintenance system provided with an exchange management unit that is installed at each of the plurality of exchange bases and manages the storage status of the exchange storage battery procured in accordance with the procurement order.
8. In the storage battery maintenance system according to claim 7,
   The exchange management unit installed at the exchange base in charge issues a command for changing the charge / discharge control of the storage battery according to the number of stocks of the exchange storage battery stored at the exchange base in charge. Battery maintenance system with functions.
9. In the storage battery maintenance system according to claim 8,
   A function to change the magnitude of the charge / discharge current of the storage battery during operation or the SOC usable range of the storage battery according to the number of stocks of the replacement storage battery according to the command for changing the charge / discharge control of the storage battery. Battery maintenance system equipped with.
10. In the storage battery maintenance system according to claim 1,
    A storage battery maintenance system that recirculates a replaced storage battery that has been replaced with the replacement storage battery at the exchange base in charge and recovered from the battery system as a new replacement storage battery.
11. It is a maintenance method for the storage battery installed in the battery system.
    Receives location information from the battery system
    Based on the location information, the exchange base in charge of exchanging the storage battery is specified from among a plurality of exchange bases set in different locations.
    Judgment as to whether or not the storage battery needs to be replaced is determined.
    A storage battery maintenance method for transmitting a procurement command instructing the procurement of a replacement storage battery for replacement with the storage battery to the exchange base in charge based on the result of the determination.

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