WO2022028339A1

WO2022028339A1 - Antenna selection method and device

Info

Publication number: WO2022028339A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/109896
Authority: WO
Inventors: 肖爱民; 郭翱; 杨建华
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-08-01
Filing date: 2021-07-30
Publication date: 2022-02-10
Also published as: CN114070369A

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of communications, and embodiments of the present invention disclose an antenna selection method and device. The method is applied to a random access process of a terminal comprising at least two antennas, and comprises: a terminal selects an optimal antenna from the at least two antennas as a first antenna; the terminal sends, on the first antenna, a first message to a base station, the first message being a random access preamble; when the terminal fails to receive a second message sent by the base station, and the number of times of sending the first message by the terminal on the first antenna reaches a first preset number of times, the terminal selects an optimal antenna from the at least two antennas as a second antenna according to a first condition, the second message being a random access response; and the terminal sends the first message on the second antenna. Therefore, in the random access process of the terminal, an optimal antenna selection method is introduced, such that the probability of successful message sending is increased, and user experience is improved.

Description

Method and device for antenna selection

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202010763809.5 submitted to the State Intellectual Property Office of China on August 1, 2020, and the priority of the Chinese patent application entitled "An Antenna Selection Method and Device", The entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and device for antenna selection.

Background technique

During the use of terminal equipment, the antenna is often blocked, resulting in large signal attenuation and affecting service experience. In order to solve this problem, the terminal equipment is usually designed with a structure of multiple antennas, and this problem is avoided by the uplink antenna selection technology. Multiple antennas can share an RF (Radio Frequency, radio frequency) link, so high performance can be obtained without increasing hardware complexity.

In the prior art, after the terminal establishes a connection with the base station, the terminal usually selects the optimal uplink antenna through periodic evaluation. In order to obtain the optimal uplink antenna accurately, the terminal needs to count downlink measurement indicators of a longer period.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna selection method and apparatus, which can enable a terminal to select an appropriate antenna for data transmission during random access, so as to increase the success rate of random access and reduce the delay of random access.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for antenna selection, which is applied to a random access procedure of a terminal including at least two antennas, and the method includes:

The terminal selects the optimal antenna among the at least two antennas as the first antenna;

The terminal sends a first message to the base station on the first antenna, where the first message is a random access preamble;

When the terminal successfully receives the second message sent by the base station and the number of times the terminal sends the first message on the first antenna reaches the first preset number of times, the terminal selects the optimal antenna from the at least two antennas according to the first condition As the second antenna, the second message is a random access response;

The terminal sends the first message on the second antenna.

With this method, the terminal selects the optimal antenna to send the first message when it sends the first message for the first time, which increases the probability that the first message is successfully sent. When the first message fails to be sent and the preset number of times is reached, switch to another antenna to continue sending the first message according to certain conditions, which can improve the probability of successful sending and enhance the user experience.

In an embodiment, the method further includes: when the terminal successfully receives the second message sent by the base station, in response to the second message, the terminal sends a third message on the second antenna.

In one embodiment, after the terminal sends the third message on the second antenna, the method further includes:

When the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of the third message by the base station and the number of times the terminal sends the third message on the second antenna reaches the second preset number of times, the terminal selects the optimal antenna from the at least two antennas according to the first condition as a third antenna;

The terminal sends the third message on the third antenna.

Using this method, the terminal fails to send the third message on the current antenna, and when the preset number of times is reached, it switches to other antennas to continue sending the third message according to certain conditions, which improves the probability of successful sending and enhances the user experience. experience.

In an embodiment, the random access procedure is a contention random access procedure, and the third message is a radio resource control RRC connection establishment request message.

In an embodiment, after the terminal sends the third message on the third antenna, the method further includes:

When the terminal successfully receives the fourth message sent by the base station, in response to the fourth message, the terminal sends a fifth message on the third antenna, where the fourth message is an RRC connection establishment message, and the fifth message is an RRC connection establishment complete message.

In one embodiment, after the terminal sends the fifth message on the third antenna, the method further includes:

When the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of the fifth message by the base station and the number of times the terminal sends the fifth message on the third antenna reaches the third preset number of times, the terminal selects the optimal antenna from the at least two antennas according to the first condition as the fourth antenna;

The terminal transmits the fifth message on the fourth antenna.

With this method, the terminal fails to send the fifth message on the current antenna, and when the preset number of times is reached, it switches to other antennas to continue sending the fifth message according to certain conditions, which improves the probability of successful sending and enhances the user experience. experience.

In an embodiment, the random access procedure is a non-contention random access procedure, and the third message is a radio resource control RRC connection establishment complete message.

In one embodiment, the terminal selects the optimal antenna among the at least two antennas as the first antenna, including:

When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna of the terminal is not lower than the preset threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna;

When the downlink measurement indicator of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold, select the antenna with the best downlink measurement indicator among the other antennas except the default antenna as the candidate antenna. If the downlink measurement indicator of the candidate antenna is not higher than the downlink measurement indicator of the default antenna The measurement index plus the first threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna; if the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the candidate antenna is the optimal antenna , select the candidate antenna as the first antenna.

With this method, when the terminal sends the first message for the first time, it uses an initial antenna selection mechanism to select the optimal antenna to send the first message according to the instantaneous downlink measurement index, which increases the probability of successful sending and enhances the user experience. experience.

In one embodiment, the terminal selects the optimal antenna from at least two antennas according to the first condition, including:

When the downlink measurement index of the next antenna of the terminal is greater than the downlink measurement index of the current antenna minus the second threshold, the terminal selects the next antenna as the optimal antenna, or,

The terminal selects the antenna with the highest priority outside the current antenna as the optimal antenna.

With this method, the terminal switches the uplink transmission antenna according to certain conditions, rather than blindly switching, which increases the probability of successful uplink message transmission.

Another aspect of the present application provides a terminal, comprising: one or more processors, one or more memories, the one or more memories stores one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs include instructions, when The instructions, when executed by one or more processors, cause the terminal to execute the method described in the first aspect.

Another aspect of the present application provides an apparatus, which includes a processor, which is coupled to a memory and reads instructions in the memory to execute the method described in the first aspect.

Another aspect of the present application provides a computer program product containing instructions, when the computer program product is run on a first terminal, the first terminal is caused to execute the method described in the first aspect.

Another aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which, when the instructions are executed on a first terminal, cause the first terminal to execute the method described in the first aspect.

Another aspect of the present application provides an antenna selection device for random access, including: an antenna selection unit for selecting an uplink transmission antenna when a terminal transmits Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time in a random access process ; The data sending unit is used for the terminal to send uplink data in the random access process, including Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment complete), Msg5 (RRC connection establishment complete); Data reception The unit is used for the terminal to receive downlink data in the random access process, including RAR (random access response), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment complete) retransmission scheduling, Msg4 (RRC connection establishment), Msg5 ( The retransmission scheduling of the RRC connection establishment is completed; the data transmission judgment unit is used for the terminal to judge Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completed), Msg5 (RRC connection establishment) during the random access process. Whether the number of times of sending the establishment complete) reaches the threshold; the antenna switching unit is used for the terminal to detect Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completed), Msg5 (RRC connection) during the random access process. When the number of times of sending (setup completed) reaches the threshold, the uplink sending antenna is switched to the next antenna according to whether certain conditions are met or according to the priority.

Description of drawings

1A is a structural diagram of a terminal device;

1B is an antenna system diagram of a terminal device;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 is the basic flow chart of the contention random access of terminal;

FIG. 4 is a general flowchart of a method for antenna selection provided by an embodiment of the present application;

5A is a flowchart of uplink transmit antenna selection in a contention random access process according to an embodiment of the present application;

5B is a flowchart of uplink transmit antenna selection in a non-contention random access process according to an embodiment of the present application;

6 is a flowchart of uplink transmit antenna selection in a contention random access process according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a random access antenna selection device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application;

detailed description

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As used herein, "plurality" refers to two or more. "And/or", which describes the association relationship of the associated objects, means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are an "or" relationship.

The following describes the structure of the terminal device with reference to FIG. 1A :

1A is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 1A , the terminal 100 may include: a processor 110 , an external memory interface 120 , an internal memory 121 , and a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130 , charging management module 140, power management module 141, battery 142, antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, speaker 170A, receiver 170B, microphone 170C, headphone jack 170D, sensor module 180 , button 190, motor 191, indicator 192, camera 193, display screen 194, and user identification module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 195 and so on. The sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyroscope sensor 180B, an air pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity light sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, and ambient light. Sensor 180L, bone conduction sensor 180M, etc.

It can be understood that, the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal 100 . In other embodiments of the present application, the terminal 100 may include more or less components than shown, or some components may be combined, or some components may be separated, or different component arrangements. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

The processor 110 may include one or more processing units, for example, the processor 110 may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (graphics processing unit, GPU), an image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP), controller, memory, video codec, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural-network processing unit (NPU) Wait. Wherein, different processing units may be independent devices, or may be integrated in one or more processors.

The controller may be the nerve center and command center of the terminal 100 . The controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction opcode and timing signal, and complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.

A memory may also be provided in the processor 110 for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in processor 110 is cache memory. This memory may hold instructions or data that have just been used or recycled by the processor 110 . If the processor 110 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can be called directly from the memory. Repeated accesses are avoided and the latency of the processor 110 is reduced, thereby increasing the efficiency of the system.

In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. The interface may include an integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, an integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuit sound, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous transceiver (universal asynchronous transmitter) receiver/transmitter, UART) interface, mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or universal serial bus (universal serial bus, USB) interface, etc.

The I2C interface is a bidirectional synchronous serial bus that includes a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). In some embodiments, the processor 110 may contain multiple sets of I2C buses. The processor 110 can be respectively coupled to the touch sensor 180K, the charger, the flash, the camera 193 and the like through different I2C bus interfaces. For example, the processor 110 may couple the touch sensor 180K through the I2C interface, so that the processor 110 and the touch sensor 180K communicate with each other through the I2C bus interface, so as to realize the touch function of the terminal 100 .

The I2S interface can be used for audio communication. In some embodiments, the processor 110 may contain multiple sets of I2S buses. The processor 110 may be coupled with the audio module 170 through an I2S bus to implement communication between the processor 110 and the audio module 170 . In some embodiments, the audio module 170 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the I2S interface, so as to realize the function of answering calls through a Bluetooth headset.

The PCM interface can also be used for audio communications, sampling, quantizing and encoding analog signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 and the wireless communication module 160 may be coupled through a PCM bus interface. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 can also transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the PCM interface, so as to realize the function of answering calls through the Bluetooth headset. Both the I2S interface and the PCM interface can be used for audio communication.

The UART interface is a universal serial data bus used for asynchronous communication. The bus may be a bidirectional communication bus. It converts the data to be transmitted between serial communication and parallel communication. In some embodiments, a UART interface is typically used to connect the processor 110 with the wireless communication module 160 . For example, the processor 110 communicates with the Bluetooth module in the wireless communication module 160 through the UART interface to implement the Bluetooth function. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the UART interface, so as to realize the function of playing music through the Bluetooth headset.

The MIPI interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with peripheral devices such as the display screen 194 and the camera 193 . MIPI interfaces include camera serial interface (CSI), display serial interface (DSI), etc. In some embodiments, the processor 110 communicates with the camera 193 through the CSI interface, so as to realize the shooting function of the terminal 100 . The processor 110 communicates with the display screen 194 through the DSI interface to realize the display function of the terminal 100.

The GPIO interface can be configured by software. The GPIO interface can be configured as a control signal or as a data signal. In some embodiments, the GPIO interface may be used to connect the processor 110 with the camera 193, the display screen 194, the wireless communication module 160, the audio module 170, the sensor module 180, and the like. The GPIO interface can also be configured as I2C interface, I2S interface, UART interface, MIPI interface, etc.

The USB interface 130 is an interface that conforms to the USB standard specification, and may specifically be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, and the like. The USB interface 130 can be used to connect a charger to charge the terminal 100, and can also be used to transmit data between the terminal 100 and peripheral devices. It can also be used to connect headphones to play audio through the headphones. This interface can also be used to connect other terminals, such as AR devices, etc.

It can be understood that, the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention is only a schematic illustration, and does not constitute a structural limitation of the terminal 100 . In other embodiments of the present application, the terminal 100 may also adopt different interface connection manners in the foregoing embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection manners.

The charging management module 140 is used to receive charging input from the charger. The charger may be a wireless charger or a wired charger. In some wired charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 may receive charging input from the wired charger through the USB interface 130 . In some wireless charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 may receive wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil of the terminal 100 . While the charging management module 140 charges the battery 142 , it can also supply power to the terminal through the power management module 141 .

The power management module 141 is used for connecting the battery 142 , the charging management module 140 and the processor 110 . The power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and/or the charging management module 140 and supplies power to the processor 110 , the internal memory 121 , the external memory, the display screen 194 , the camera 193 , and the wireless communication module 160 . The power management module 141 can also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle times, battery health status (leakage, impedance). In some other embodiments, the power management module 141 may also be provided in the processor 110 . In other embodiments, the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 may also be provided in the same device.

The wireless communication function of the terminal 100 may be implemented by the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the modulation and demodulation processor, the baseband processor, and the like.

Antenna 1 and Antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in terminal 100 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization. For example, the antenna 1 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna of the wireless local area network. In other embodiments, the antenna may be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.

The mobile communication module 150 may provide a wireless communication solution including 2G/3G/4G/5G, etc. applied on the terminal 100 . The mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (LNA) and the like. The mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves from the antenna 1, filter and amplify the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to the modulation and demodulation processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modulation and demodulation processor, and then turn it into an electromagnetic wave for radiation through the antenna 1 . In some embodiments, at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be provided in the processor 110 . In some embodiments, at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be provided in the same device as at least part of the modules of the processor 110.

In some embodiments, the antenna 1 may include multiple antennas, and the multiple antennas share the same radio frequency circuit, and the mobile communication module 150 may transmit electromagnetic waves through the multiple antennas, and may also receive electromagnetic waves through the multiple antennas. For example, antenna 1 may include 4 antennas, and the terminal can simultaneously receive signals sent by the base station on the 4 antennas. If the terminal supports simultaneous transmission by 2 antennas, the terminal can select 1 or 2 of the 4 antennas according to the scheduling of the base station. The antenna transmits uplink data. Generally, the terminal will deploy 4 antennas at the 4 corners of the terminal.

FIG. 1B shows an antenna system of a terminal 100. The antenna system includes: a first antenna 11, a second antenna 12, a third antenna 13, a fourth antenna 14, an antenna switching circuit 15, a radio frequency RF front-end circuit 16, a transceiver controller 17 , switching control path 18 and baseband circuit 19 . The radio frequency RF front end circuit 16 may include filter circuits and other components. Antenna switching circuit 15 is shown interposed between radio frequency RF front-end circuit 16 and the antenna. Optionally, the radio frequency RF front-end circuit 16 may also include an antenna switching circuit 15 . The antenna switching circuit 15 is used to selectively route the transmission signal to one or more of the first antenna 11 , the second antenna 12 , the third antenna 13 and the fourth antenna 14 through the control path 18 . The control signal may be provided to the antenna switching circuit 15 by the baseband circuit 19 or other control circuit through the control path 18 . Similarly, the antenna switching circuit 15 is configured to route through the control path 18 to receive radio frequency signals from one or more of the first antenna 11 , the second antenna 12 , the third antenna 13 and the fourth antenna 14 .

The modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator. Wherein, the modulator is used to modulate the low frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium and high frequency signal. The demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low frequency baseband signal. Then the demodulator transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. The low frequency baseband signal is processed by the baseband processor and passed to the application processor. The application processor outputs sound signals through audio devices (not limited to the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, etc.), or displays images or videos through the display screen 194 . In some embodiments, the modem processor may be a stand-alone device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be independent of the processor 110, and may be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional modules.

The wireless communication module 160 can provide applications on the terminal 100 including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) network), bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GNSS), frequency modulation (frequency modulation, FM), near field communication technology (near field communication, NFC), infrared technology (infrared, IR) and other wireless communication solutions. The wireless communication module 160 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2 , frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 110 . The wireless communication module 160 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110 , perform frequency modulation on it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna 2 .

In some embodiments, the antenna 1 of the terminal 100 is coupled with the mobile communication module 150, and the antenna 2 is coupled with the wireless communication module 160, so that the terminal 100 can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology. The wireless communication technology may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), broadband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Time Division Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC , FM, and/or IR technology, etc. The GNSS may include global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS), global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GLONASS), Beidou navigation satellite system (beidou navigation satellite system, BDS), quasi-zenith satellite system (quasi -zenith satellite system, QZSS) and/or satellite based augmentation systems (SBAS).

The terminal 100 implements a display function through a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, and is connected to the display screen 194 and the application processor. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or alter display information.

Display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, and the like. Display screen 194 includes a display panel. The display panel can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode or an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (active-matrix organic light). emitting diode, AMOLED), flexible light-emitting diode (flex light-emitting diode, FLED), Miniled, MicroLed, Micro-oLed, quantum dot light-emitting diode (quantum dot light emitting diodes, QLED) and so on. In some embodiments, the terminal 100 may include one or N display screens 194 , where N is a positive integer greater than one.

The terminal 100 can realize the shooting function through the ISP, the camera 193, the video codec, the GPU, the display screen 194 and the application processor.

The ISP is used to process the data fed back by the camera 193 . For example, when taking a photo, the shutter is opened, the light is transmitted to the camera photosensitive element through the lens, the light signal is converted into an electrical signal, and the camera photosensitive element transmits the electrical signal to the ISP for processing, and converts it into an image visible to the naked eye. ISP can also perform algorithm optimization on image noise, brightness, and skin tone. ISP can also optimize the exposure, color temperature and other parameters of the shooting scene. In some embodiments, the ISP may be provided in the camera 193 .

Camera 193 is used to capture still images or video. The object is projected through the lens to generate an optical image onto the photosensitive element. The photosensitive element may be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor. The photosensitive element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then transmits the electrical signal to the ISP to convert it into a digital image signal. The ISP outputs the digital image signal to the DSP for processing. DSP converts digital image signals into standard RGB, YUV and other formats of image signals. In some embodiments, the terminal 100 may include 1 or N cameras 193 , where N is a positive integer greater than 1.

A digital signal processor is used to process digital signals, in addition to processing digital image signals, it can also process other digital signals. For example, when the terminal 100 selects a frequency point, the digital signal processor is used to perform Fourier transform on the energy of the frequency point, and so on.

Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video. Terminal 100 may support one or more video codecs. In this way, the terminal 100 can play or record videos of various encoding formats, such as: Moving Picture Experts Group (moving picture experts group, MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4 and so on.

The NPU is a neural-network (NN) computing processor. By drawing on the structure of biological neural networks, such as the transfer mode between neurons in the human brain, it can quickly process the input information, and can continuously learn by itself. Applications such as intelligent cognition of the terminal 100 can be implemented through the NPU, such as image recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, text understanding, and the like.

The external memory interface 120 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the terminal 100. The external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120 to realize the data storage function. For example to save files like music, video etc in external memory card.

Internal memory 121 may be used to store computer executable program code, which includes instructions. The processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the terminal 100 by executing the instructions stored in the internal memory 121 . The internal memory 121 may include a storage program area and a storage data area. The storage program area can store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), and the like. The storage data area may store data (such as audio data, phone book, etc.) created during the use of the terminal 100 and the like. In addition, the internal memory 121 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, universal flash storage (UFS), and the like.

The terminal 100 may implement audio functions through an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, an application processor, and the like. Such as music playback, recording, etc.

The audio module 170 is used for converting digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and also for converting analog audio input into digital audio signal. Audio module 170 may also be used to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110 , or some functional modules of the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110 .

Speaker 170A, also referred to as a "speaker", is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The terminal 100 can listen to music through the speaker 170A, or listen to a hands-free call.

The receiver 170B, also referred to as "earpiece", is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. When the terminal 100 answers a call or a voice message, the voice can be answered by placing the receiver 170B close to the human ear.

The microphone 170C, also called "microphone" or "microphone", is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a call or sending a voice message, the user can make a sound by approaching the microphone 170C through a human mouth, and input the sound signal into the microphone 170C. The terminal 100 may be provided with at least one microphone 170C. In other embodiments, the terminal 100 may be provided with two microphones 170C, which can implement a noise reduction function in addition to collecting sound signals. In other embodiments, the terminal 100 may further be provided with three, four or more microphones 170C to collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify sound sources, and implement directional recording functions.

The earphone jack 170D is used to connect wired earphones. The earphone interface 170D may be the USB interface 130, or may be a 3.5mm open mobile terminal platform (OMTP) standard interface, a cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA (CTIA) standard interface.

The pressure sensor 180A is used to sense pressure signals, and can convert the pressure signals into electrical signals. In some embodiments, pressure sensor 180A may be provided on display screen 194. There are many types of pressure sensors 180A, such as resistive pressure sensors, inductive pressure sensors, capacitive pressure sensors, and the like. The capacitive pressure sensor may be comprised of at least two parallel plates of conductive material. When a force is applied to the pressure sensor 180A, the capacitance between the electrodes changes. The terminal 100 determines the intensity of the pressure according to the change in capacitance. When a touch operation acts on the display screen 194, the terminal 100 detects the intensity of the touch operation according to the pressure sensor 180A. The terminal 100 may also calculate the touched position according to the detection signal of the pressure sensor 180A. In some embodiments, touch operations acting on the same touch position but with different touch operation intensities may correspond to different operation instructions. For example, when a touch operation whose intensity is less than the first pressure threshold acts on the short message application icon, the instruction for viewing the short message is executed. When a touch operation with a touch operation intensity greater than or equal to the first pressure threshold acts on the short message application icon, the instruction to create a new short message is executed.

The gyro sensor 180B may be used to determine the motion attitude of the terminal 100 . In some embodiments, the angular velocity of terminal 100 about three axes (ie, x, y, and z axes) may be determined by gyro sensor 180B. The gyro sensor 180B can be used for image stabilization. Exemplarily, when the shutter is pressed, the gyroscope sensor 180B detects the angle at which the terminal 100 shakes, calculates the distance to be compensated by the lens module according to the angle, and allows the lens to counteract the shake of the terminal 100 through reverse motion to achieve anti-shake. The gyro sensor 180B can also be used for navigation and somatosensory game scenarios.

The air pressure sensor 180C is used to measure air pressure. In some embodiments, the terminal 100 calculates the altitude through the air pressure value measured by the air pressure sensor 180C to assist in positioning and navigation.

The magnetic sensor 180D includes a Hall sensor. The terminal 100 can detect the opening and closing of the flip holster using the magnetic sensor 180D. In some embodiments, when the terminal 100 is a flip machine, the terminal 100 can detect the opening and closing of the flip according to the magnetic sensor 180D. Further, according to the detected opening and closing state of the leather case or the opening and closing state of the flip cover, characteristics such as automatic unlocking of the flip cover are set.

The acceleration sensor 180E can detect the magnitude of the acceleration of the terminal 100 in various directions (generally three axes). When the terminal 100 is stationary, the magnitude and direction of gravity can be detected. It can also be used to identify the terminal posture, and can be used in horizontal and vertical screen switching, pedometer and other applications.

Distance sensor 180F for measuring distance. The terminal 100 can measure the distance through infrared or laser. In some embodiments, when shooting a scene, the terminal 100 can use the distance sensor 180F to measure the distance to achieve fast focusing.

Proximity light sensor 180G may include, for example, light emitting diodes (LEDs) and light detectors, such as photodiodes. The light emitting diodes may be infrared light emitting diodes. The terminal 100 emits infrared light to the outside through light emitting diodes. The terminal 100 detects infrared reflected light from nearby objects using a photodiode. When sufficient reflected light is detected, it can be determined that there is an object near the terminal 100 . When insufficient reflected light is detected, the terminal 100 may determine that there is no object near the terminal 100 . The terminal 100 can use the proximity light sensor 180G to detect that the user holds the terminal 100 close to the ear to talk, so as to automatically turn off the screen to save power. Proximity light sensor 180G can also be used in holster mode, pocket mode automatically unlocks and locks the screen.

The ambient light sensor 180L is used to sense ambient light brightness. The terminal 100 can adaptively adjust the brightness of the display screen 194 according to the perceived ambient light brightness. The ambient light sensor 180L can also be used to automatically adjust the white balance when taking pictures. The ambient light sensor 180L can also cooperate with the proximity light sensor 180G to detect whether the terminal 100 is in a pocket, so as to prevent accidental touch.

The fingerprint sensor 180H is used to collect fingerprints. The terminal 100 can use the collected fingerprint characteristics to unlock the fingerprint, access the application lock, take a picture with the fingerprint, answer the incoming call with the fingerprint, and the like.

The temperature sensor 180J is used to detect the temperature. In some embodiments, the terminal 100 uses the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 180J to execute a temperature processing strategy. For example, when the temperature reported by the temperature sensor 180J exceeds a threshold value, the terminal 100 reduces the performance of the processor located near the temperature sensor 180J, so as to reduce power consumption and implement thermal protection. In other embodiments, when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the terminal 100 heats the battery 142 to avoid abnormal shutdown of the terminal 100 due to low temperature. In some other embodiments, when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the terminal 100 boosts the output voltage of the battery 142 to avoid abnormal shutdown caused by low temperature.

Touch sensor 180K, also called "touch panel". The touch sensor 180K may be disposed on the display screen 194 , and the touch sensor 180K and the display screen 194 form a touch screen, also called a “touch screen”. The touch sensor 180K is used to detect a touch operation on or near it. The touch sensor can pass the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the type of touch event. Visual output related to touch operations may be provided through display screen 194 . In other embodiments, the touch sensor 180K may also be disposed on the surface of the terminal 100 , which is different from the position where the display screen 194 is located.

The bone conduction sensor 180M can acquire vibration signals. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sensor 180M can acquire the vibration signal of the vibrating bone mass of the human voice. The bone conduction sensor 180M can also contact the pulse of the human body and receive the blood pressure beating signal. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sensor 180M can also be disposed in the earphone, combined with the bone conduction earphone. The audio module 170 can analyze the voice signal based on the vibration signal of the vocal vibration bone block obtained by the bone conduction sensor 180M, so as to realize the voice function. The application processor can analyze the heart rate information based on the blood pressure beat signal obtained by the bone conduction sensor 180M, and realize the function of heart rate detection.

The keys 190 include a power-on key, a volume key, and the like. Keys 190 may be mechanical keys. It can also be a touch key. The terminal 100 may receive key input and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the terminal 100 .

Motor 191 can generate vibrating cues. The motor 191 can be used for vibrating alerts for incoming calls, and can also be used for touch vibration feedback. For example, touch operations acting on different applications (such as taking pictures, playing audio, etc.) can correspond to different vibration feedback effects. The motor 191 can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects for touch operations on different areas of the display screen 194 . Different application scenarios (for example: time reminder, receiving information, alarm clock, games, etc.) can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects. The touch vibration feedback effect can also support customization.

The indicator 192 can be an indicator light, which can be used to indicate the charging state, the change of the power, and can also be used to indicate a message, a missed call, a notification, and the like.

The SIM card interface 195 is used to connect a SIM card. The SIM card can be contacted and separated from the terminal 100 by inserting into the SIM card interface 195 or pulling out from the SIM card interface 195 . The terminal 100 may support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, where N is a positive integer greater than 1. The SIM card interface 195 can support Nano SIM card, Micro SIM card, SIM card and so on. Multiple cards can be inserted into the same SIM card interface 195 at the same time. The types of the plurality of cards may be the same or different. The SIM card interface 195 can also be compatible with different types of SIM cards. The SIM card interface 195 is also compatible with external memory cards. The terminal 100 interacts with the network through the SIM card to realize functions such as calls and data communication. In some embodiments, the terminal 100 employs an eSIM, ie an embedded SIM card. The eSIM card can be embedded in the terminal 100 and cannot be separated from the terminal 100 .

The terminal 100 may also include a magnetometer (not shown in the figure), which may also be called an electronic compass and a compass, which may be used to detect the strength and direction of the magnetic field.

Referring to FIG. 2 , it shows a schematic structural diagram of a mobile communication system 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The mobile communication system may be a third-generation mobile communication technology 3G (3rd generation) system, or a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or a fifth-generation mobile communication technology 5G new radio (NR) system , it can also be a machine to machine communication (Machine To Machine, M2M) system, or it can be a sixth-generation communication system that will evolve in the future. The mobile communication system includes: a base station 220 , a terminal 240 and a core network device 260 .

The base station 220 can be used to convert the received radio frame and the IP packet to each other, and can also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface. For example, the base station 220 may be an evolution base station (eNB, evolution Node B) in LTE, or a base station with a centralized and distributed architecture adopted in the 5G system. A base station may also be an access point (Access Point, AP), a transit node (Trans Point, TRP), a central unit (Central Unit, CU) or other network entities, and may include some or all of the functions of the above network entities . Additionally, base station 220 also includes relay stations, which are stations that receive transmissions of data and/or other information from upstream stations and send transmissions of data and/or other information to downstream stations. A relay station may also be a terminal that provides relay transmission for other terminals. A relay station may also be referred to as a repeater.

The mobile communication system 200 may be a heterogeneous system including different types of base stations (eg, macros, picos, femtos, repeaters, etc.). These different types of base stations may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different interference effects. For example, macro stations may have high transmit power levels (eg, 20 watts), while pico stations, femto stations, and repeaters may have lower transmit power levels (eg, 1 watt).

The base station 220 and the terminal 240 establish a wireless connection through a wireless air interface. The wireless air interface may be a wireless air interface based on the LTE standard, or the wireless air interface may be a wireless air interface based on a 5G standard, for example, the wireless air interface is NR, or the wireless air interface may also be a next-generation mobile communication network technology based on 5G Standard wireless air interface.

Terminal 240 may be a device that provides voice and/or data communications to a user. The terminal may communicate with one or more core network devices 260 via a radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN) provided by the base station 220 . The terminal 240 may be a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone and a computer having a mobile terminal, for example, may be a portable, pocket-sized, hand-held, computer-built, or vehicle-mounted mobile device.

Specifically, the base station 220 may be configured to communicate with the terminal 240 through the wireless interface 230 under the control of a network device controller (not shown in FIG. 2 ). In some embodiments, the network device controller may be a part of the core network device 260 , or may be integrated into the base station 220 . The base station 220 may transmit information or user data to the core network device 260 through the interface 250 (eg, the S1 interface). The base station 220 and the base station 220 may also communicate with each other through an interface (eg, an X2 interface, not shown in FIG. 2 ).

It should be noted that the wireless communication system 200 shown in FIG. 2 is only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application more clearly, and does not constitute a limitation on the present application. Those skilled in the art know that with the evolution of the network architecture and new services When a scenario occurs, the technical solutions provided in this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

In a Long Term Evolution (LTE) mobile communication system and a New Radio (NR) mobile communication system, the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology is one of the key technologies. The MIMO technology relies on the multi-antenna transmission technology, the so-called multi-antenna transmission technology, that is, using multiple antennas at both the transmitting end and the receiving end to transmit and receive data. Generally speaking, multi-antenna transmission and reception can provide power gain, array gain, diversity gain, multiplexing gain and shaping gain.

Power gain means that the transmit power on each antenna can be superimposed at the receiving end to achieve the effect of power enhancement.

The array gain mainly uses the non-correlation of white noise, which will cancel each other after combining, and the carrier signal can be enhanced after being superimposed. Therefore, the array gain can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiving end, improve the quality of the received signal, and thus improve the cell coverage performance, especially It can effectively improve the user experience in the case of poor channel quality.

Diversity gain mainly utilizes the independence of spatial channel fading, transmits the same data simultaneously through multiple antennas, reduces the fluctuation of signal-to-noise ratio under fading channel, and brings about performance gain.

The multiplexing gain refers to the improvement of cell throughput and peak capacity by multiplexing two different data of the same user or data streams of different users onto the same time-frequency resources when the signal quality is good. . Multiplexing gain is also called space division multiplexing. Two antennas transmit different signals at the same time, that is, two antennas transmit different streams respectively. The maximum number of streams that the system can support is equal to the number of antennas.

Shaped gain means that multiple antennas use beamforming technology to transmit signals, and beamforming can play the role of aligning the transmitted signal to the receiver. Wireless signals without beamforming can be compared to incandescent lighting, and wireless signals with beamforming can be compared to flashlight lighting. Beamforming and space division multiplexing can be used at the same time, but beamforming needs to use multiple antennas to form beams, so the total number of streams needs to be less than the number of antennas.

In order to support the MIMO technology, both the terminal and the base station need to be designed with a multi-antenna structure. When the base station sends data to the terminal, the selection of the downlink transmit antenna is completed by the base station. When the terminal sends data to the base station, the selection of the uplink transmission antenna is divided into open-loop antenna selection and closed-loop antenna selection according to whether there is feedback. The feedback here refers to the feedback from the base station to the terminal after measuring the signal sent by the terminal. When the selection of the uplink transmission antenna is the open-loop antenna selection, the selection of the uplink transmission antenna is completed by the terminal; when the selection of the uplink transmission antenna is the closed-loop antenna selection, the selection of the uplink transmission antenna is completed by the base station. In addition, when the terminal is in use, the uplink antenna is often blocked. For example, when the user holds the terminal, if the user holds the part where the antenna is located, the uplink signal of the antenna will be attenuated greatly, affecting the service experience. The multi-antenna design of the terminal allows the terminal to select different antennas to transmit uplink data, thereby solving the problem that data cannot be transmitted due to one of the antennas being blocked.

The protocol specifies that the antenna selection technology of the terminal in the RRC (Radio Resource Control, Radio Resource Control) connection state includes an open-loop antenna selection technology and a closed-loop antenna selection technology. If the terminal supports uplink antenna selection, it reports the capability to the base station, and the base station notifies the terminal to use the open-loop antenna selection technology or the closed-loop antenna selection technology through an RRC configuration message. If it is configured as an open-loop antenna selection technology, the terminal can select the uplink transmit antenna according to its own implementation. In the open-loop antenna selection technology, the terminal will generally measure the downlink reference signal for a certain period to obtain the downlink measurement indicators of each antenna, and then smooth the downlink measurement indicators of each antenna, and finally select based on the smoothed downlink measurement indicators. The antenna with the best quality is used as the uplink transmitting antenna.

However, the protocol does not specify how the terminal selects the uplink transmission antenna during the RRC connection establishment process. RRC connection establishment is also called random access (Random Access, RA). The types of random access include contention random access and non-random access. Contention random access. The terminal can obtain the services provided by the network only after establishing a connection with the base station through random access. In the LTE system and the NR system, the terminal establishes a connection with the base station through the random access process, and the basic process of competing for random access is shown in Figure 3:

S301, the terminal sends a random access preamble (represented by Msg1), the base station obtains the Preamble ID by detecting the Preamble, and estimates the uplink transmission delay.

S302, the base station replies a random access response RAR (Random Access Response, represented by Msg2) to the terminal. The RAR (Random Access Response) carries the following information: the timing advance corresponding to the uplink transmission delay, the Preamble ID, the temporary user identifier allocated by the base station to the terminal, and the uplink scheduling resource authorization information.

S303, the terminal sends an RRC connection establishment request (represented by Msg3) to the base station. The terminal adjusts the uplink timing according to the timing advance in the RAR (random access response), and sends an RRC connection establishment request to the base station according to the uplink scheduling resource grant information in the RAR (random access response), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) ) carries the temporary user identity allocated to the terminal in the RAR (Random Access Response) by the base station.

S304, the base station sends an RRC connection establishment message (represented by Msg4) to the terminal. Msg4 (RRC connection establishment message) carries contention resolution MCE (MAC Control Element), which solves the contention and conflict caused when multiple terminals try to access using the same random access resource and the same Preamble ID.

S305, the terminal sends an RRC connection establishment complete message (represented by Msg5) to the base station. After this step is completed, the terminal completes the process of establishing the RRC connection with the base station.

It can be known from the random access procedure described above that Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request), Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) are the uplink data sent by the terminal to the base station during the random access process . Since in the random access procedure, the terminal has not completed the establishment of the RRC connection with the base station, the base station cannot configure a specific uplink antenna selection technology by sending an RRC configuration message to the terminal.

In the process of establishing a connection through random access, the terminal cannot obtain a downlink measurement index for a long period of time, so the optimal antenna cannot be selected through periodic evaluation during the random access process. If an antenna with poor signal quality is always used to send uplink data during random access, it may cause slow access or access failure, which affects the service experience of the terminal.

In the prior art, it is assumed that the terminal is designed with four antennas, namely the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna and the fourth antenna, wherein the first antenna is the default antenna of the terminal. In the random access process, the terminal first tries to send Msg1 (random access preamble) on the default antenna. If the terminal does not receive the RAR (random access response) sent by the base station within a fixed time window, and tries to send Msg1 (random access response) If the number of access preambles) reaches a preset number of times, the terminal will switch to the second antenna to try to send. When the terminal attempts to send Msg1 (random access preamble) on the second antenna for a preset number of times and still does not receive the RAR (random access response) sent by the base station, it switches to the third antenna for Msg1 (random access preamble) attempt to send. If the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the third antenna and receives the RAR (random access response) sent by the base station within a fixed time window, it will continue to send Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the third antenna ). After the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request), if it receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) by the base station and the number of times the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the third antenna reaches the preset number of times, then Switch to the fourth antenna to attempt to send Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request). After the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the fourth antenna and receives Msg4 (RRC connection establishment) sent by the base station, the terminal continues to send Msg5 on the fourth antenna (RRC connection establishment completed). After the terminal sends Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed), if it receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) by the base station and the number of times the terminal sends Msg5 on the fourth antenna (RRC connection establishment completed) reaches the preset number, then Switch to the first antenna to attempt to send Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed). After the terminal successfully sends the Msg5 (the RRC connection establishment is completed), the terminal completes the process of establishing the RRC connection with the base station.

It can be seen from the above description of the prior art that in the random access process, when the default antenna (ie, the first antenna) is blocked and the signal of the antenna is poor, the prior art performs uplink through sequential switching after failure. Selection of transmit antenna. When the fourth antenna of the terminal is the optimal antenna, the terminal switches the uplink antenna according to the sequence described above, and it takes a long time to switch to the optimal antenna to transmit uplink data. Especially in the scenario of high-speed movement, when the terminal switches to the fourth antenna to attempt transmission, the signal quality may have deteriorated. In addition, the method of sequential switching in the prior art will still be tried for antennas whose signal quality is much worse than that of the current antenna, which will increase the time delay of random access of users and affect user experience.

In order to solve the problem of the uplink antenna selection method in the above random access process, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for antenna selection. As shown in Figure 4, when the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time in random access, an initial antenna selection mechanism is added, and the optimal antenna is selected as the first antenna according to the instantaneous downlink measurement index. Send Msg1 (random access preamble) on one antenna; then when Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment complete) are sent on the current antenna after the number of failures reaches the preset number, according to the The first condition selects the optimal antenna from the at least two antennas as the second antenna, and then continues to send Msg1 (random access preamble) or Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) or Msg5 (RRC connection establishment complete) on the second antenna ). In this way, the probability of successful uplink data transmission of the terminal in the random access process can be improved, and the user experience can be enhanced.

In the NR system, the terminal can measure the DMRS (Demodulation Reference Signal, demodulation reference signal) of the PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) in the SSB (Synchronization Signal and PBCH block) before random access. signal) to obtain downlink measurements on each antenna. In the LTE system, the terminal can obtain downlink measurement indicators on each antenna by measuring CRS (Cell Reference Signal, cell reference signal) before random access. The downlink measurement indicators here can be RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power, reference signal receiving power), SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio, signal to interference plus noise ratio) or RSRQ (Reference Signal Receiving Quality, reference signal receiving quality), etc. .

In addition, in the NR system and the LTE system, both SSB and CRS are sent periodically. For example, in the NR system, the SSB can be sent according to a period of 20ms. During the random access process, the terminal can update each The downlink measurement index of the antenna can also be used in the random access process all the time using the downlink measurement index measured before the random access.

With reference to the mobile communication system given in FIG. 2 , assuming that the terminal 220 is designed with at least two antennas, FIG. 5A shows a flowchart of uplink transmission antenna selection in the contention random access process according to an embodiment of the present application, including:

S501, when the terminal sends the Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time, it detects whether the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than a preset threshold, and when the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold, it goes to step S502; When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is not lower than the preset threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna, that is, the default antenna is maintained as the current antenna and goes to step S503. In an optional implementation manner, the downlink measurement indicator may be RSRP measured according to the reference signal, and the preset threshold may be set to -100dBm in this case. In another optional implementation manner, the downlink measurement indicator may be the RSRQ measured according to the reference signal, and the preset threshold may be set to -15dB in this case.

S502, the terminal obtains the optimal current antenna. Specifically, the terminal selects the antenna with the best downlink measurement index among the other antennas except the default antenna as the candidate antenna. If the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the candidate antenna is the optimal antenna, the candidate antenna is selected as the first antenna, and the current antenna is switched to the first antenna; If the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is not higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna, that is, the default antenna is maintained as the current antenna. It should be noted that the reason for setting the first threshold here is that the default antenna in the terminal is generally the main antenna, and the main antenna is the antenna with the best technology in the terminal. Therefore, if the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is not higher than the downlink measurement of the default antenna When the index is to a certain extent, the default antenna is the optimal choice. When the downlink measurement indicator is the RSRP measured by the terminal according to the reference signal, in an optional implementation manner, the first threshold may be set to 3dB.

S503, the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna. After the terminal sends the Msg1 (random access preamble), it waits to receive the RAR (random access response) sent by the base station within a fixed time window. If the terminal does not receive the RAR (random access response) within the fixed time window, it goes to step S504; if the terminal successfully receives the RAR (random access response) within the fixed time window, it goes to step S506.

S504, the terminal determines whether the number of times of sending Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna reaches a first preset number of times. If the first preset number of times has been reached, go to step S505; if the first preset number of times has not been reached, go to step S503. In an optional implementation manner, the terminal may set the first preset number of times of sending the Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna to 2 times.

S505, the terminal determines whether the downlink measurement index of the next antenna satisfies the first condition. Specifically, the first condition is whether the downlink measurement indicator of the next antenna of the terminal is greater than the downlink measurement indicator of the current antenna minus the second threshold, if the downlink measurement indicator of the next antenna is greater than the downlink measurement indicator of the current antenna minus the first With two thresholds, the terminal selects the next antenna as the second antenna, switches the current antenna to the second antenna, and then goes to step S503; if the downlink measurement index of the next antenna is not greater than the downlink measurement index of the current antenna minus the downlink measurement index of the current antenna For the second threshold, the terminal skips the antenna, and performs step S505 again. It should be noted that the downlink measurement indicator of the next antenna is compared with the downlink measurement indicator of the current antenna minus the second threshold, rather than the downlink measurement indicator of the next antenna and the downlink measurement indicator of the current antenna plus the first Compared with the two thresholds, it is mainly considered that the quality of the data sent by the antenna is affected by many factors, so it is still necessary to try the antennas with poor downlink measurement indicators. When the downlink measurement indicator is the RSRP measured according to the reference signal, in some optional embodiments, the second threshold may be set to 9dB, 3dB or 0dB.

S506, the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the current antenna. After the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request), if it successfully receives Msg4 (RRC connection establishment) sent by the base station, it enters step S509; if it receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) by the base station, then Enter step S507;

S507, the terminal determines whether the number of times of sending Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the current antenna reaches a second preset number of times. If the second preset number of times has been reached, go to step S508; if the second preset number of times has not been reached, go to step S506. In an optional implementation manner, when the maximum number of times of sending Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) is 5, the second preset times for the terminal to send Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the current antenna may be set to 3 Second-rate.

S508, the terminal determines whether the downlink measurement index of the next antenna satisfies the first condition. Specifically, the first condition is whether the downlink measurement indicator of the next antenna of the terminal is greater than the downlink measurement indicator of the current antenna minus the second threshold, and if the downlink measurement indicator of the next antenna is greater than the downlink measurement indicator of the current antenna minus the downlink measurement indicator For the second threshold, the terminal selects the next antenna as the third antenna, switches the current antenna to the third antenna, and proceeds to step S506. If the downlink measurement indicator of the next antenna is not greater than the downlink measurement indicator of the current antenna minus the second threshold, the terminal skips the antenna, and performs step S508 again. The principle and setting of the second threshold may refer to the description of step S502, which will not be repeated here.

S509, the terminal sends Msg5 on the current antenna (RRC connection establishment is completed). If the terminal successfully sends Msg5, the RRC connection establishment process with the base station is completed; if the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) by the base station, the terminal switches the uplink transmit antenna and sends Msg3 (RRC connection The switching method when establishing the request) is the same, and will not be repeated here.

It can be seen from the embodiment given in FIG. 5A , when the terminal transmits Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time in the random access process, the default antenna is detected according to the downlink measurement index. When it is not good, select the optimal antenna to transmit the Msg1 (random access preamble), which increases the probability of successful transmission of the Msg1 (random access preamble). Msg1 (random access preamble) judges the downlink measurement index of the next antenna when the number of transmissions on the current antenna reaches a preset number, and when the first condition is satisfied, the terminal switches the uplink transmission antenna to this antenna to attempt transmission. The switching of uplink antennas sent by Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) transmission also follows a similar principle, which effectively avoids the random access process caused by blindly trying to send on antennas with poor signal quality. the problem of increased latency.

In the LTE system and the NR system, the types of random access include non-contention random access in addition to contention random access. The usage scenarios of non-contention random access include terminal handover scenarios, and SCG (Secondary Cell Group, secondary cell group) bearer addition scenarios under NR non-independent networking.

In order to improve the success rate of random access, there are only three messages in the non-contention random access procedure: Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg2 (RAR, random access response) and Msg3 (RRC connection establishment complete). It should be noted that since there are only three messages in the non-contention random access process, the random access process is completed after the terminal sends Msg3. Therefore, in the non-contention random access process, Msg3 is the RRC connection establishment completion message, not the message. RRC connection establishment request message. It can be seen that the process of the two types of random access only differs in the number of messages. Therefore, the selection of the uplink transmission antenna in the contention random access process described in FIG. 5A is still applicable to the transmission of Msg1 in the non-contention random access process. (Random access preamble) and Msg3 (RRC connection establishment completed) selection of uplink transmission antenna, the following is a brief introduction to the process of uplink transmission antenna selection in an embodiment of the present application in the non-contention random access process, Also assume that the terminal is designed with 4 antennas, as shown in Figure 5B, the process includes:

S511 , when the terminal sends the Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time, the terminal selects the optimal antenna as the first antenna. Specifically, when the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time, it detects whether the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold, and when the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is not lower than the preset threshold, the default antenna For the optimal antenna, select the default antenna as the first antenna, that is, maintain the default antenna as the current antenna. When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold, the terminal selects the antenna with the best downlink measurement index among the remaining antennas except the default antenna as the candidate antenna. If the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the candidate antenna is the optimal antenna, the candidate antenna is selected as the first antenna, and the current antenna is switched to the first antenna; If the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is not higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the default antenna is selected as the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna, that is, the default antenna is maintained as the current antenna.

S512, the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna. If the terminal does not receive an RAR (random access response) after sending the Msg1 (random access preamble), the antenna switches according to the first condition. Specifically, the terminal waits to receive an RAR (random access response) sent by the base station within a fixed time window after sending the Msg1 (random access preamble). If the terminal does not receive an RAR (random access response) within the fixed time window and the number of times the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna is less than the first preset number of times, continue to repeat step S512. If the terminal does not receive an RAR (random access response) within a fixed time window and the number of times the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna reaches the first preset number of times, then the terminal detects the next antenna. Whether the downlink measurement index satisfies the first condition, if the downlink measurement index of the next antenna satisfies the first condition, the terminal selects the next antenna as the second antenna, and switches the current antenna to the second antenna to continue to repeat the steps S512 ; if the downlink measurement index of the next antenna does not meet the first condition, skip and continue to perform detection, and continue to repeat step S512 until the current antenna is switched to an antenna that satisfies the condition. The specific first condition judgment is consistent with that described in step S505, and is not repeated here. If the terminal successfully receives the RAR (Random Access Response) within the fixed time window, it goes to step S513.

S513, the terminal sends Msg3 on the current antenna (the RRC connection is completed). After the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection is completed) and receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection is completed), antenna switching is performed according to the first condition. Specifically, if the terminal successfully sends Msg3 (RRC connection complete), the process of establishing an RRC connection with the base station is completed; if the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection complete) from the base station and the terminal sends the current antenna If the number of Msg3 (RRC connection completed) is less than the fourth preset number of times, step S513 is continuously performed repeatedly. If the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection completed) by the base station and the number of times the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection completed) on the current antenna reaches the fourth preset number of times, the terminal detects the downlink measurement index of the next antenna Whether the first condition is met, if the downlink measurement index of the next antenna meets the first condition, the terminal selects the next antenna as the third antenna, and switches the current antenna to the third antenna to continue to repeat step S513; If the downlink measurement index of the next antenna does not satisfy the first condition, skip and continue to perform detection, and continue to repeat step 513 until the current antenna is switched to an antenna that satisfies the condition. The specific first condition judgment is consistent with that described in step S505, and is not repeated here.

With reference to the mobile communication system given in FIG. 2 , assuming that the terminal 220 is designed with at least two antennas, FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of uplink transmission antenna selection in the contention random access process of another embodiment of the present application, including:

S601, when the terminal sends the Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time, it detects whether the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than a preset threshold, and when the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold, it goes to step S602; When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is not lower than the preset threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna, that is, the default antenna is maintained as the current antenna and goes to step S603. At the same time, the terminal sets antenna priorities for at least two antennas. In an optional implementation manner, the terminal sets the priorities of the antennas according to the downlink measurement indicators of at least two antennas, and specifically sets the priority of the antenna with the best downlink measurement indicator to the highest, and the antenna with the worst downlink measurement indicator The priority is set to the lowest. In another optional implementation manner, there are differences in technology among the antennas of the terminal, for example, the difference loss is different, so the terminal can set priorities for the antennas according to the technology differences between the antennas.

S602, the terminal obtains the optimal current antenna. Specifically, the terminal selects the antenna with the best downlink measurement index among the other antennas except the default antenna as the candidate antenna. If the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the candidate antenna is the optimal antenna, the candidate antenna is selected as the first antenna, and the current antenna is switched to the first antenna; If the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is not higher than the downlink measurement index of the default antenna plus the first threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna, that is, the default antenna is maintained as the current antenna. For the principle and setting of the first threshold, reference may be made to the description of step S502 in FIG. 5A , which will not be repeated here.

S603, the terminal sends Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna. After the terminal sends the Msg1 (random access preamble), it waits to receive the RAR (random access response) sent by the base station within a fixed time window. If the terminal does not receive the RAR (random access response) within the fixed time window, it goes to step S604; if the terminal successfully receives the RAR (random access response) within the fixed time window, it goes to step S606.

S604, the terminal determines whether the number of times of sending Msg1 (random access preamble) on the current antenna reaches a first preset number of times. If the first preset number of times has been reached, go to step S605; if the first preset number of times has not been reached, go to step S603.

S605, the terminal switches the uplink transmission antenna according to the first condition, that is, selects the antenna with the highest priority except the current antenna as the second antenna according to the antenna priority set in step S601, and switches the current antenna to the second antenna Then go to step S603.

In an optional implementation manner, after the terminal sets the antenna priority according to the downlink measurement index of the antenna in step S601, the antenna priority remains unchanged in this random access process, instead of The downlink measurement indicators obtained by the real-time antenna measurement are adjusted in real time, so as to ensure that all antennas can be tried. In another optional implementation manner, after the terminal sets the antenna priority according to the downlink measurement index of the antenna in step S601, the terminal performs antenna priority according to the downlink measurement index obtained by real-time measurement of each antenna during the random access process Real-time adjustment of the level, so that each time the uplink transmitting antenna is switched according to the priority, it can be switched to the antenna with the best downlink measurement index.

S606, the terminal continues to send Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the current antenna. After the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request), if it successfully receives Msg4 (RRC connection establishment) sent by the base station, it will enter step S609; if it receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) by the base station, Enter step S607;

S607, the terminal determines whether the number of times of sending Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the current antenna reaches a preset number of times. If the second preset number of times has been reached, go to step S608; if the second preset number of times has not been reached, go to step S606. In an optional implementation manner, when the maximum number of Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) sending times is 5, the preset number of times the terminal sends Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) on the current antenna may be set to 3 times.

S608, the terminal switches the uplink transmission antenna according to the first condition, that is, selects the antenna with the highest priority except the current antenna as the third antenna according to the antenna priority set in step S601, and switches the current antenna to the third antenna Then go to step S606. The specific setting of the antenna priority is the same as that described in step S605, and will not be repeated here.

S609, the terminal continues to send Msg5 on the current antenna (RRC connection establishment is completed). If the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) by the base station, the switching method of the terminal for uplink transmission antenna is the same as the switching method when sending Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request), which will not be repeated here.

It can be seen from the embodiment given in FIG. 6 , when the terminal first transmits Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time in the random access process, it detects the default antenna according to the downlink measurement index. When the index is not good, the optimal antenna is selected to transmit the Msg1 (random access preamble), which increases the probability of successful transmission of the Msg1 (random access preamble). When Msg1 (random access preamble) is sent on the current antenna for a preset number of times, it switches to the antenna with the highest priority except the current antenna and tries to send it according to the priority of the antenna. The switching of the uplink transmission antennas sent by Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request) and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed) transmission also follows a similar principle, so that uplink data can be sent on the antenna with higher priority first, which improves the transmission success rate. probability, enhancing the user experience.

Consistent with the description of the embodiment in FIG. 5B , the selection of uplink transmit antennas in the contention random access process in FIG. 6 is still applicable to the selection of uplink transmit antennas in the non-contention random access process, and details are not repeated here.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the present application, the second threshold used by the terminal in the process of selecting an antenna according to the first condition may use the same threshold or different thresholds when sending different messages. No restrictions.

Please refer to FIG. 7 , which shows a random access antenna optimization device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The antenna optimization device can implement part of the terminal 240 shown in FIG. all. The apparatus includes: an antenna selection unit 701 , a data transmission unit 702 , a data reception unit 703 , a data transmission judgment unit 704 , and an antenna switching unit 705 .

The antenna selection unit 701 is used for selecting the uplink transmission antenna when the terminal transmits Msg1 (random access preamble) for the first time in the random access process.

The data sending unit 702 is used for the terminal to send uplink data in the random access process, including Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completed), Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed).

The data receiving unit 703 is used for the terminal to receive downlink data in the random access process, including RAR (random access response), retransmission scheduling of Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment completed), Msg4 (RRC connection establishment) , Retransmission scheduling of Msg5 (RRC connection establishment completed).

The data transmission judgment unit 704 is used for the terminal to judge whether the transmission times of Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment complete), and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment complete) reach the threshold during the random access process .

The antenna switching unit 705 is used for the terminal to detect that the number of times of sending Msg1 (random access preamble), Msg3 (RRC connection establishment request or RRC connection establishment complete), and Msg5 (RRC connection establishment complete) reaches the threshold during the random access process , and switch the uplink transmit antenna to the next antenna according to whether certain conditions are met or according to the priority.

Please refer to FIG. 8 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application. The terminal includes: a processor 801 , a receiver 802 , a transmitter 803 , a memory 804 , and a bus 805 . The processor 801 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 801 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules. The receiver 802 and the transmitter 803 may be implemented as a communication component, which may be a baseband chip. The memory 804 is connected to the processor 801 through a bus 805 . The memory 804 may be configured to store at least one program instruction, and the processor 801 may be configured to execute the at least one program instruction, so as to implement the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments. The implementation principle and technical effect thereof are similar to the related embodiments of the above method, and are not repeated here.

The embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which enables the terminal to execute the technical solutions in the foregoing embodiments when the computer program product runs on a terminal. The implementation principle and technical effect thereof are similar to those of the above-mentioned related embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

The embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which program instructions are stored, and when the program instructions are executed by a terminal, the terminal executes the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments. The implementation principle and technical effect thereof are similar to those of the above-mentioned related embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

The application embodiment provides a chip, the chip is used for executing instructions, and when the chip is running, the technical solutions in the above-mentioned embodiments are executed. The implementation principle and technical effect thereof are similar, and are not repeated here.

In this embodiment of the present application, the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, which can implement or The methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application are executed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the methods disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

In this embodiment of the present application, the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SS), etc., or may also be a volatile memory (volatile memory), for example Random-access memory (RAM). Memory is, without limitation, any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.

The memory in this embodiment of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function, for storing program instructions and/or data. The methods provided by the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line, DSL), or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) A readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. The available media can be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes) ), optical media (eg, digital video disc (DWD), or semiconductor media (eg, SSD), etc.).

To sum up, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that it can still The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

A method for antenna selection, applied to a random access procedure of a terminal including at least two antennas, the method comprising:

selecting, by the terminal, an optimal antenna among the at least two antennas as the first antenna;

sending, by the terminal, a first message to the base station on the first antenna, where the first message is a random access preamble;

When the terminal fails to receive the second message sent by the base station and the number of times the terminal sends the first message on the first antenna reaches a first preset number of times, the The condition selects the optimal antenna from the at least two antennas as the second antenna, and the second message is a random access response;

The terminal sends the first message on the second antenna.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:

When the terminal successfully receives the second message sent by the base station, in response to the second message, the terminal sends a third message on the second antenna.
The method according to claim 2, wherein after the terminal sends the third message on the second antenna, the method further comprises:

When the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of the third message by the base station, and the number of times that the terminal sends the third message on the second antenna reaches a second preset number of times, the terminal selecting an optimal antenna from the at least two antennas as a third antenna according to the first condition;

The terminal sends the third message on the third antenna.
The method according to claim 3, wherein the random access procedure is a contention random access procedure, and the third message is a radio resource control RRC connection establishment request message.
The method according to claim 4, wherein after the terminal sends the third message on the third antenna, the method further comprises:

When the terminal successfully receives the fourth message sent by the base station, in response to the fourth message, the terminal sends a fifth message on the third antenna, where the fourth message is an RRC connection establishment message, The fifth message is an RRC connection establishment complete message.
The method according to claim 5, wherein after the terminal sends the fifth message on the third antenna, the method further comprises:

When the terminal receives the retransmission scheduling of the fifth message by the base station, and the number of times that the terminal sends the fifth message on the third antenna reaches a third preset number of times, the terminal selecting the optimal antenna from the at least two antennas as the fourth antenna according to the first condition;

The terminal sends the fifth message on the fourth antenna.
The method according to claim 3, wherein the random access procedure is a non-contention random access procedure, and the third message is a radio resource control RRC connection establishment complete message.
The method according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the terminal selects an optimal antenna among the at least two antennas as the first antenna, comprising:

When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna of the terminal is not lower than a preset threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna;

When the downlink measurement index of the default antenna is lower than the preset threshold, the antenna with the best downlink measurement index among the remaining antennas except the default antenna is selected as the candidate antenna. If the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is not The downlink measurement index higher than the default antenna plus the first threshold, the default antenna is the optimal antenna, and the default antenna is selected as the first antenna; if the downlink measurement index of the candidate antenna is higher than the The downlink measurement index of the default antenna is added with the first threshold, the candidate antenna is the optimal antenna, and the candidate antenna is selected as the first antenna.
The method according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the terminal selects an optimal antenna from the at least two antennas according to the first condition, comprising:

When the downlink measurement indicator of the next antenna of the terminal is greater than the downlink measurement indicator of the current antenna minus the second threshold, the terminal selects the next antenna as the optimal antenna, or,

The terminal selects the antenna with the highest priority outside the current antenna as the optimal antenna.
A terminal, characterized in that the terminal comprises: one or more processors, one or more memories, the one or more memories stores one or more computer programs, the one or more computer programs comprising instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the terminal to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
An apparatus, applied in a terminal, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a processor, and the processor is configured to be coupled with a memory, and read an instruction in the memory and execute any one of claims 1 to 9 according to the instruction the method.
A computer program product comprising instructions, characterized in that, when the computer program product is run on a terminal, the terminal is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that, when the instructions are executed on a first terminal, the first terminal is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.