WO2022027956A1 - 一种数据中心的制冷系统 - Google Patents

一种数据中心的制冷系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022027956A1
WO2022027956A1 PCT/CN2021/076969 CN2021076969W WO2022027956A1 WO 2022027956 A1 WO2022027956 A1 WO 2022027956A1 CN 2021076969 W CN2021076969 W CN 2021076969W WO 2022027956 A1 WO2022027956 A1 WO 2022027956A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power supply
supply terminal
data
data center
cooling
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PCT/CN2021/076969
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
居静
吴四海
冯淑琴
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河北秦淮数据有限公司
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Publication of WO2022027956A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022027956A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the technical field of communication equipment rooms, and in particular, to a cooling system of a data center.
  • the current data center has the problem of poor cooling effect during the peak period of electricity consumption, which is easy to cause the use of the data center.
  • a cooling system for a data center including:
  • the power supply end is electrically connected to the chiller host unit
  • the chiller host unit is connected to the data computer room through the water supply pipeline, and the chiller host unit is configured to cool the cooling medium and output it through the water supply pipeline;
  • a return water pipeline through which the data room is connected to the chiller host unit, and the chiller host unit is configured to receive a cooling medium through the return water pipeline;
  • a cold storage tank wherein the cold storage tank is respectively connected to the chiller unit and the data room through the water supply pipeline;
  • the cold storage tank is configured to store the cooling medium output by the chiller unit
  • the cold storage tank is configured to deliver cooling medium to the data room.
  • the refrigeration system further includes a heat pump unit, the heat pump unit is electrically connected to the power supply terminal, and the heat pump unit is connected to the return water pipeline for cooling the cooling medium in the return water pipeline.
  • the refrigeration system further includes a cooling tower
  • the cooling tower is connected to the heat pump unit, and the cooling tower is configured to cool the heat pump unit.
  • the power supply terminal includes a municipal power grid power supply terminal, a renewable energy power supply terminal and an energy storage device power supply terminal.
  • the power supply terminal of the energy storage device is configured to store the electrical energy of the municipal power grid power supply terminal and/or the renewable energy power supply terminal in a first power supply state.
  • the power supply end of the energy storage device is configured to supply power to the chiller unit.
  • the chiller unit includes multiple chillers.
  • multiple chillers are arranged in parallel.
  • the municipal power grid power supply terminal and/or the renewable energy power supply terminal supplies power to the chiller unit.
  • the beneficial effect of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure is that, through the water supply pipeline and the return water pipeline, the cooling medium can continuously supply cooling to the data room, and the cooling effect is better.
  • the cooling medium with lower temperature is stored in the off-peak power consumption period through cold storage irrigation, and the cooling medium with higher temperature is supplied to the data room during the peak power consumption period, which helps to alleviate the chiller unit's impact on the power consumption of the data room.
  • the cooling pressure during the peak period ensures the cooling effect of the data room and the normal and stable operation of the data room.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a refrigeration system of a data center provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • this embodiment provides a cooling and heating system for a data center, including a power supply terminal 1 , a cooling device, a data room 3 and a heating device.
  • the power supply terminal 1, the cooling equipment and the data equipment room 3 constitute the cooling system of the data center; the power supply terminal 1, the data equipment room 3 and the heating equipment constitute the heating system of the data center.
  • the cooling system cools the data room 3 to quickly and effectively
  • the data equipment room 3 is cooled to ensure normal and stable operation of the data equipment room 3 .
  • the data equipment room 3 can be cooled by means of natural cooling.
  • the natural cooling method is not enough to keep the data center within a normal temperature range, and cooling equipment is still required to assist in cooling the data center.
  • the cooling process of the data center releases more heat, and the heating system mainly uses the waste heat of the data center to form a heat source for the community or municipal pipe network, thereby improving the utilization rate of energy.
  • the refrigeration equipment is electrically connected to the power supply terminal 1, and the power supply terminal 1 supplies power to the refrigeration equipment to ensure normal operation of the refrigeration equipment.
  • the refrigeration equipment includes a chiller unit 21 , a water supply pipeline 22 , a return water pipeline 23 and a cold storage tank 24 .
  • the chiller unit 21 is connected to the data room 3 through the water supply pipeline 22 .
  • 21 is configured to refrigerate the cooling medium and output through the water supply line 22 .
  • the cooling medium refrigerated by the chiller unit 21 is chilled water, and the chilled water is configured to supply cooling to the data center and form return water, that is, the water forms chilled water in the chiller unit 21, and then passes through the water supply pipe
  • the road 22 is transported to the data room 3, and the chilled water cools the data room 3, and the temperature of the chilled water rises to form return water.
  • the data room 3 is connected to the chiller unit 21 through the return line 23 , and the chiller unit 21 is configured to receive a cooling medium through the return line 23 , and the cooling medium in the return line 23 is: Return water, the temperature of the return water is higher than the temperature of the chilled water, the return water carries the waste heat generated by the data center, and the return water is transported to the chiller unit 21 through the return water pipeline 23 to be cooled again to form chilled water.
  • the chilled water can
  • the data room 3 is cooled, so as to realize the water circulation between the chiller and the data center, and the data center realizes cooling or cooling in the process of the water circulation.
  • the cold storage tank is respectively connected to the chiller unit 21 and the data room 3 through the water supply pipeline 22 , and the cold storage tank is configured to store the cooling medium with lower temperature output by the chiller unit 21 That is, chilled water, or a cooling medium with a lower temperature, that is, chilled water, is delivered to the data room 3 .
  • the cold storage tank In the first power supply state, the cold storage tank is configured to store the cooling medium output by the chiller unit 21 ; in the second power supply state, the cold storage tank is configured to deliver the cooling medium to the data room 3 . That is, the cold storage tank is used to store chilled water in the first power supply state to output chilled water to the data room 3 in the second power supply state, so as to achieve the cooling demand of the data machine room 3 in the second power supply state.
  • the first power supply state may be a low power consumption period, that is, from 23:00 to 7:00 the next day. Since less electricity is used during this time period, the electricity bill is lower, and the power supply terminal 1 can ensure sufficient power supply for the data room 3 and the refrigeration equipment.
  • the cooling capacity is stored in the form of chilled water, so as to supply cooling to the data computer room 3 during the peak electricity consumption period, so as to ensure the cooling efficiency of the data computer room 3 during the peak electricity consumption period.
  • the first power supply state may be a peak period of power consumption, that is, from 7:00 to 23:00. Since this time period is the peak load of electricity consumption, not only the cost is high, but also the electricity consumption state is unstable, and the data center is prone to poor cooling effect due to insufficient power supply. Chilled water helps to relieve the cooling pressure of the chiller unit 21 on the data room 3 during the peak power consumption period, so as to further improve the cooling effect of the data center and ensure the normal operation of the data center.
  • first power supply state and the second power supply state can also be set according to the actual operation state of the data center, so that the cold storage irrigation can store chilled water in the first power supply state, so as to supply the data center in the second power supply state. Transport chilled water to ensure the cooling effect of the data center and enable the data center to operate stably.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the specific time points of the first power supply state and the second power supply state.
  • the power consumption of all electrical equipment such as data center, cooling equipment, heating equipment, etc. can ensure the normal operation of the data center is set to the preset power, and the power provided by the power supply terminal 1 is greater than the preset power, which is the first power supply state.
  • the cooling capacity provided by the chiller unit 21 is sufficient to meet the cooling demand of the data center, the cold storage fills and stores part of the chilled water output by the chiller unit 21; when the power provided by the power supply terminal 1 is less than the preset power, it is the second power supply state, and the cold water is in the second power supply state.
  • the cooling capacity provided by the host unit 21 is insufficient to meet the cooling demand of the data center, and the cold storage tank outputs chilled water to the data center to further improve the cooling effect of the data center and ensure the normal operation of the data center.
  • the installed quantity of the chiller unit 21 can be effectively reduced, the operating cost can be reduced, and the power load can be cut and filled. Ensure the normal operation of the data center.
  • the heating equipment is electrically connected to the power supply terminal 1, and the power supply terminal 1 supplies power to the heating equipment;
  • the heating equipment includes a heat pump unit 41, a heating terminal 42 and a first connecting branch pipe, and the heat pump
  • the unit 41 is connected to the return water pipeline 23 through the first connecting branch pipe, and the heat pump unit 41 is configured to heat the cooling medium in the first connecting branch pipe and form warm water to be sent to the heating end 42, by The heating end 42 outputs warm water.
  • the heat supply end 42 is connected to the heat pump unit 41 , and the heat pump unit 41 can heat the cooling medium branched from the return line to the first connecting branch pipe, and the heated cooling medium is output from the heat supply end 42 .
  • the cooling medium in the return line absorbs the heat generated by the data room 3, its own temperature is relatively high. By heating the cooling medium in the return line and outputting it to the heating end 42, it is beneficial to utilize the heat generated in the data room 3.
  • the heat is used to heat the residential area, which improves the utilization rate of resources and is conducive to saving energy.
  • the heat pump unit 41 can not be used to heat the return water, and the return water can be directly output through the heating end, so that the heat generated during the operation of the data center can be used as The heat source for heating in the residential area, so as to realize the recycling of energy, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of energy and saving energy.
  • the data room 3 is mainly cooled by natural cooling, and the cooling power consumption of the cooling system of the data room 3 is reduced.
  • the return water of the data center is heated to form a warm water supply, which can heat the entire community, or can be directly connected to the municipal heating pipeline, and the waste heat generated by the data center can be used to form a heat source for reuse, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of energy.
  • the heating end 42 is connected to the district heating pipeline.
  • the heating end 42 is directly connected with the heating pipeline of the residential area, and the heating end 42 supplies warm water to the heating pipeline of the residential area, so as to realize the heating of the residential area.
  • the utilization rate of energy is improved, which is conducive to saving energy.
  • the heating end 42 is connected to a municipal heating pipeline.
  • the heating end 42 can also be connected to the municipal heating pipeline, and the warm water directly enters the municipal heating pipeline from the heating end, which helps to improve the scope of heating, saves the laying of heating pipelines, ensures the heating effect, and saves energy. Utilization is high.
  • the heat pump unit 41 includes multiple heat pump machines. Multiple heat pump machines can significantly improve the heating effect of the heat pump unit 41, so as to quickly and efficiently heat the cooling medium entering the heat pump unit 41 from the first connecting branch pipe. The stability of heating of the heating end 42 is achieved.
  • the data room 3 is cooled by transporting chilled water to the data room 3.
  • the chilled water passes through the data room 3 and the temperature rises to form return water, which passes through the water supply pipe.
  • the road 22 and the return water pipeline 23 realize the energy circulation of the data room 3 .
  • the return water with higher temperature passes through the heat pump unit 41 to form warm water and is output through the heating end 42 .
  • the cooling equipment is used to rapidly and effectively cool the data room 3 in summer and other seasons with high temperature, so that the data room 3 can run stably; The effect is better, and the power consumption of the cooling equipment in the data room 3 is less.
  • the warm water is formed by heating the high-temperature cooling medium formed after cooling the data room 3, that is, the return water, which is output to the heating supply.
  • the terminal 42 provides heat for the residential area, which can not only ensure the normal operation of the data room 3, but also realize the reuse of waste heat, which is conducive to saving energy and improving the utilization rate of energy.
  • the refrigeration system further includes a heat pump unit, the heat pump unit is electrically connected to the power supply terminal, and the heat pump unit is connected to the return water pipeline for cooling the cooling medium in the return water pipeline.
  • the heat pump unit In hot summer, when the load of the chiller unit is large, the heat pump unit is turned on to cool the returned cooling water to ensure the cooling effect of the data room.
  • the refrigeration system further includes a cooling tower
  • the cooling tower is connected to the heat pump unit, and the cooling tower is configured to cool the heat pump unit.
  • the use state of the cooling tower 25 is as follows: when the outdoor temperature is high, for example, in summer, the load of the heat pump unit 41 is large, and a large amount of heat is generated during cooling, so that the temperature of the heat pump unit 41 is too high, which affects workers. operation, and is not conducive to improving the cooling effect.
  • the cooling tower 25 is used to cool the heating end (such as a condenser) of the heat pump unit 41 for cooling and heat dissipation, so that the heat pump unit maintains a good working state, improves the cooling effect of the high data computer room 3, and ensures the normal and stable operation of the data computer room 3.
  • the power supply terminal 1 includes a municipal power grid power supply terminal 11 , a renewable energy power supply terminal 12 and an energy storage device power supply terminal 13 .
  • the power supply terminal 11 of the municipal power grid, the power supply terminal 12 of renewable energy, and the power supply terminal 13 of the energy storage equipment can meet the electricity demand of the data equipment room 3, the cooling equipment, and the heating equipment, so that the data equipment room 3 can be stably supplied in a state of sufficient power supply. Work.
  • the renewable energy power supply terminal 12 can be green renewable energy such as solar power, wind power, etc.
  • Using renewable energy as the power supply terminal 1 can effectively reduce the environmental pollution caused by thermal power generation, help protect the environment, and realize resources A virtuous cycle of exploitation.
  • the municipal power grid power supply terminal 11 , the renewable energy power supply terminal 12 and the energy storage device power supply terminal 13 are electrically connected.
  • the municipal power grid power supply terminal 11, the renewable energy power supply terminal 12, and the energy storage device power supply terminal 13 are connected by a circuit.
  • the renewable energy power supply terminal 12 is preferred to realize the normal operation of the data room 3. While running, it can better protect the environment.
  • the energy storage device power supply terminal 13 is configured to store the electrical energy of the municipal power grid power supply terminal 11 and/or the renewable energy power supply terminal 12 .
  • the power supply terminal 13 of the energy storage device is configured to supply power to the cooling device and/or the heating device.
  • the power supply terminal 13 of the energy storage device is used as the emergency power supply terminal 1 to solve the problem of insufficient power supply during the operation of the data room 3 .
  • the power supply terminal 13 of the energy storage device can store part of the power to be used when the power supply is insufficient.
  • the power supply of the power supply terminal 1 is sufficient, and the price of electricity is also lower at this time. It is convenient to supply power to the data computer room 3 during peak power consumption periods, to ease the power supply pressure of the municipal power grid power supply terminal 11 and/or the renewable energy power supply terminal 12 during the peak power consumption period, and to ensure the smooth operation of the data computer room 3. .
  • the municipal power grid power supply terminal 11 and the renewable energy power supply terminal 12 are used for joint power supply. It improves the stability of the cooling and power supply system of the data room 3, and can also effectively realize the adjustment of supply and demand of the data room 3 and the use of off-peak power consumption, which is conducive to ensuring the smooth operation of the data room 3 during the peak power consumption period, and also helps save costs.
  • the chiller unit 21 includes a plurality of chillers 211 .
  • the plurality of chillers 211 can realize rapid cooling and cooling of the cooling medium, so that the cooled cooling medium, that is, the chilled water, can effectively cool the data room 3, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the data room 3.
  • the arrangement of multiple chillers 211 side by side helps to optimize the layout of the chiller unit 21 , which not only facilitates the installation and layout of various lines and pipes, but also facilitates the maintenance of the chiller unit 21 .
  • the chiller 211 is an air-conditioning refrigeration device.
  • the cooling efficiency of the air-conditioning refrigeration equipment is high, and it can rapidly cool down the cooling medium to form chilled water, which ensures that the cooling medium has a lower temperature, so that the chilled water can quickly and effectively cool down the data room 3 during the water cycle.
  • the cooling medium is circulated in the water supply pipeline and the return water pipeline to realize the cooling and cooling of the data room 3 during operation.
  • the cooling efficiency is high, and it is helpful to stably cool the data room 3 and keep the data room 3 with a suitable temperature. operating temperature, thereby helping to ensure the stable operation of the data room 3.
  • the present disclosure provides a cooling and heating system for a data center, using the above cooling and heating system for the data center, including:
  • the cold storage tank 24 inputs and stores the cooling medium output by the chiller unit 21 .
  • the cold storage tank can store the cooling medium with a lower temperature, that is, chilled water, so that the power supply of the power supply terminal 1 is insufficient. In this way, the cooling pressure of the chiller unit 21 is relieved, and the temperature of the data room 3 is quickly and effectively cooled.
  • the cold storage tank 24 In the second power supply state, the cold storage tank 24 outputs cooling medium to the data room 3 .
  • the power supply of the power supply terminal 1 is insufficient.
  • the cooling pressure of the chiller unit 21 is relatively large, and the data room 3 may have poor cooling effect and cause operating failures.
  • using the cold storage tank to store a cooling medium with a lower temperature, that is, frozen water realizes the cooling and cooling of the data room 3, which not only has a good effect, but also is very convenient to operate. It is also convenient to save electricity costs.
  • the cold storage tank is further connected to the return water pipeline 23, which is used to transport the heated water in the cold storage tank to the chiller unit 21 through the return water pipeline 23 for cooling treatment.
  • the energy storage device power supply terminal 13 stores the electrical energy output by the municipal power grid power supply terminal 11 and/or the renewable energy power supply terminal 12 .
  • the power supply of the power supply terminal 1 is relatively sufficient and stable, and the electricity fee is also low.
  • the energy storage device stores the output of the municipal power grid power supply terminal 11 and/or the renewable energy power supply terminal 12.
  • the power supply can help save costs and relieve the pressure on the power supply terminal 1 during peak electricity consumption periods, so that the power supply terminal 1 can stably supply power to the data room 3 and the like, and realize the stable operation of the data room 3.
  • the power supply terminal 13 of the energy storage device supplies power to the cooling device and/or the heating device.
  • the power supply terminal 13 of the energy storage device is configured to supply power to the chiller unit 21 .
  • the second power supply state is the peak period of power consumption.
  • the energy storage device power supply terminal 13 also supplies power to the chiller unit 21.
  • the chiller host unit 21 is powered to ensure that the chiller host unit 21 works normally when the power supply is sufficient, so as to ensure the cooling effect of the data room 3 .
  • the municipal power grid power supply terminal 11 and/or the renewable energy power supply terminal 12 supplies power to the chiller host unit 21 .
  • the power supply in the second power supply state is sufficient, and the power supplied by the municipal power grid power supply terminal 11 and/or the renewable energy power supply terminal 12 is sufficient to meet the working needs of the data room 3. At this time, only the municipal power grid power supply terminal 11 and/or the power supply terminal 12 is required.
  • the renewable energy power supply terminal 12 supplies power to the chiller host unit 21 .
  • the power supply terminal 13 of the energy storage device can store the electric energy of the municipal power grid power supply terminal 11 and/or the renewable energy power supply terminal 12, so as to relieve the power supply pressure of the power supply terminal 1 in the state of power shortage, and ensure the power supply of the power supply. Stability, to achieve stable operation of data room 3.
  • the power supply of the power supply terminal 1 is relatively tight, which may lead to a situation where the cooling effect of the data room 3 is not good.
  • the power stored by the power supply terminal 13 of the energy storage device Supplying power to the data room 3, etc. helps to relieve the pressure of the power supply terminal 1 during the peak power consumption period, so that the power supply terminal 1 can stably supply power to the data computer room 3, etc., and realize the stable operation of the data computer room 3.
  • the power supply terminal 13 of the energy storage device can charge the surplus and unstable wind power or solar power into the power storage system, and when the power consumption surges, it can also instantly output power from the power storage system.
  • the frequency is stabilized, that is, the power supply terminal 13 of the energy storage device can be smoothly output to the data room 3 and the like in a state of tight power supply. It not only makes the power output more stable, but also greatly reduces carbon dioxide emissions and better protects the environment.
  • the cold storage tank of the refrigeration equipment can store a low-temperature cooling medium, and provide a low-temperature cooling medium to the data equipment room 3 when the cooling effect of the data equipment room 3 is reduced, so as to improve the cooling effect of the data equipment room 3, thereby Ensure the normal and stable operation of the data room 3.
  • the heating equipment uses the heat generated by the operation of the data room 3 to form a higher temperature cooling medium for heating the residential area or the municipal heating network, etc., effectively utilizing the heat generated by the data room 3 and saving energy.

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Abstract

本公开的实施例涉及一种数据中心的制冷系统，包括供电端、冷水主机机组、数据机房、供水管路、回水管路和蓄冷罐；所述供电端与所述冷水主机机组电连接；所述冷水主机机组通过所述供水管路与所述数据机房连接，所述冷水主机机组被配置为对冷却介质进行制冷并通过所述供水管路输出；所述数据机房通过所述回水管路与所述冷水主机机组连接，所述冷水主机机组被配置为通过所述回水管路接收冷却介质；所述蓄冷灌通过所述供水管路分别与所述冷水主机机组和所述数据机房连接。本公开涉及的数据中心的制冷系统，能够循环稳定地向数据机房供冷，快速降低数据机房的温度，保证数据机房的正常运行。

Description

一种数据中心的制冷系统 技术领域
本公开的实施例涉及通信机房技术领域，具体涉及一种数据中心的制冷系统。
背景技术
近年来，随着5G移动通信、互联网、云计算、大数据、物联网、AR/VR、人工智能等新型技术的快速发展，数据中心作为能源使用规模较大的用户，其在运行过程中会产生的较多的热量。如何对数据中心进行快速制冷，实现数据中心的正常和稳定的运行成为亟需解决的问题。
目前的数据中心存在用电高峰期的制冷效果较差的问题，易造成数据中心的使用故障。
实用新型内容
本公开的实施例的一个目的是提供一种改进的数据中心的制冷系统。
根据本公开的实施例的一个方面，提供了一种数据中心的制冷系统，包括：
供电端和冷水主机机组，所述供电端与所述冷水主机机组电连接；
数据机房和供水管路，所述冷水主机机组通过所述供水管路与所述数据机房连接，所述冷水主机机组被配置为对冷却介质进行制冷并通过所述供水管路输出；
回水管路，所述数据机房通过所述回水管路与所述冷水主机机组连接，所述冷水主机机组被配置为通过所述回水管路接收冷却介质；
蓄冷罐，所述蓄冷灌通过所述供水管路分别与所述冷水主机机组和所述数据机房连接；
在第一供电状态下，所述蓄冷灌被配置为储存由所述冷水主机机组输出的冷却介质；
在第二供电状态下，所述蓄冷灌被配置为向所述数据机房输送冷却介质。
可选地，制冷系统还包括热泵机组，所述热泵机组和所述供电端电连接，所述热泵机组连接于所述回水管路，用于冷却所述回水管路内的冷却介质。
可选地，制冷系统还包括冷却塔；
所述冷却塔连接所述热泵机组，所述冷却塔被配置为对所述热泵机组进行冷却。
可选地，所述供电端包括市政电网供电端、可再生能源供电端和储能设备供电端。
可选地，所述储能设备供电端被配置为在第一供电状态下用于储存所述市政电网供电端和/或所述可再生能源供电端的电能。
可选地，所述市政电网供电端、所述可再生能源供电端和所述储能设备供电端之间为电连接。
可选地，在第二供电状态下，所述储能设备供电端被配置向所述冷水主机机组供电。
可选地，所述冷水主机机组包括多台冷水主机。
可选地，多台冷水主机并列设置。
可选地，在第二供电状态下，所述市政电网供电端和/或所述可再生能源供电端向所述冷水主机机组供电。
本公开的实施例的技术方案的有益效果在于，通过供水管路和回水管路，实现冷却介质持续对数据机房进行供冷，供冷效果较好。
另外，通过蓄冷灌在非用电高峰期储存温度较低的冷却介质，而在用电高峰期时向数据机房供给温度较高的冷却介质，有助于缓解冷水主机机组对数据机房在用电高峰期的供冷压力，从而保证了数据机房的供冷效果，保证数据机房的正常且稳定的运行。
通过以下参照附图对本公开的示例性实施例的详细描述，本公开的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本公开的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本公开的原理。
图1是本公开一种实施方式提供的一种数据中心的制冷系统的结构示意图；
图中：1、供电端；11、市政电网供电端；12、可再生能源供电端；13、储能设备供电端；21、冷水主机机组；211、冷水主机；22、供水管路；23、回水管路；24、蓄冷罐；25、冷却塔；3、数据机房；41、热泵机组；42、供热端。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本公开的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本公开的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种数据中心的制冷和供热系统，包括供电端1、制冷设备、数据机房3和供热设备。其中，供电端1、制冷设备和数据机房3构成数据中心的制冷系统；供电端1、数据机房3和供热设备构成数据中心的供热系统。
在一个具体的实施方式中，例如夏季，室外温度较高，数据机房3不 易散热，需要消耗较多的能源对数据机房3的温度进行降低时，制冷系统对数据机房3制冷，以快速有效地对数据机房3进行制冷，从而保证数据机房3正常稳定的工作。例如冬季、夏季和春季，由于室外温度不高，可以通过自然冷却的方式对数据机房3进行制冷。但是，由于数据中心在运行的过程中产生的热量较多，自然冷却的方式不足以使得数据中心处在正常的温度范围内，仍需要制冷设备对数据中心进行辅助制冷。此时，数据中心的制冷过程释放较多的热量，供热系统主要利用数据中心的废热以形成供小区或者市政管网使用的热源，从而提高了能源的利用率。
具体地，所述制冷设备与所述供电端1电连接，供电端1为制冷设备供电，以保证制冷设备的正常运行。所述制冷设备包括冷水主机机组21、供水管路22、回水管路23和蓄冷罐24，所述冷水主机机组21通过所述供水管路22与所述数据机房3连接，所述冷水主机机组21被配置为对冷却介质进行制冷并通过所述供水管路22输出。例如，经过冷水主机机组21制冷的冷却介质为冷冻水，所述冷冻水被配置为向所述数据中心供冷并形成回流水，即水在冷水主机机组21中形成冷冻水，然后通过供水管路22输送至数据机房3，冷冻水对数据机房3进行制冷，而冷冻水的自身温度升高形成回流水。所述数据机房3通过所述回水管路23与所述冷水主机机组21连接，所述冷水主机机组21被配置为通过所述回水管路23接收冷却介质，回水管路23中的冷却介质为回流水，回流水的温度比冷冻水的温度高，回流水携带了数据中心产生的废热，回流水经过回水管路23输送至冷水主机机组21进行再一次降温，以形成冷冻水，冷冻水能够对数据机房3进行制冷，从而实现冷水机组与数据中心之间的水循环，而数据中心在水循环的过程中实现制冷或降温。
所述蓄冷灌通过所述供水管路22分别与所述冷水主机机组21和所述数据机房3连接，所述蓄冷灌被配置为储存由所述冷水主机机组21输出的温度较低的冷却介质即冷冻水，或向所述数据机房3输送温度较低的冷却介质即冷冻水。在第一供电状态下，所述蓄冷灌被配置为储存由所述冷水主机机组21输出的冷却介质；在第二供电状态下，所述蓄冷灌被配置为向所述数据机房3输送冷却介质。即蓄冷灌用于在第一供电状态下储存冷冻 水以在第二供电状态下对数据机房3输出冷冻水，以实现在第二供电状态下数据机房3的制冷需求。
例如，第一供电状态可以为用电低谷期，也即23:00至次日7:00。由于这个时间段用电较少，电费较低，且供电端1能够保证数据机房3和制冷设备的供电充足，此时，蓄冷罐24可以利用用电低谷期的电力将冷水主机机组21制备的冷量以冷冻水的形式储存起来，以便在用电高峰期向数据机房3供冷，以保证数据机房3在用电高峰期的制冷效率。
第一供电状态可以为用电高峰期，也即7:00至23:00。由于这个时间段为用电的高峰负荷，不仅费用较高，而且用电状态不稳，数据中心极易出现因为供电不足导致数据中心的制冷效果不好，此时，通过蓄冷灌向数据中心输送冷冻水，有助于缓解冷水主机机组21对数据机房3在用电高峰期的供冷压力，以进一步提高数据中心的制冷效果，保证数据中心的正常运行。
需要说明的是，第一供电状态和第二供电状态，也可以根据数据中心的实际运行状态进行设定，以实现蓄冷灌在第一供电状态储存冷冻水，以在第二供电状态向数据中心输送冷冻水，从而保证数据中心的制冷效果，使得数据中心能够稳定运行。本公开对第一供电状态和第二供电状态的具体时间点不做限定。
例如，数据中心、制冷设备、供热设备等所有用电设备能够保证数据中心正常工作的用电量设定为预设电量，供电端1提供的电量大于预设电量为第一供电状态，此时冷水主机机组21提供的冷量足以满足数据中心的制冷需求，蓄冷灌储存冷水主机机组21输出的部分冷冻水；当供电端1提供的电量小于预设电量为第二供电状态，此时冷水主机机组21提供的冷量不足以满足数据中心的制冷需求，蓄冷灌向数据中心输出冷冻水，以进一步提高数据中心的制冷效果，保证数据中心的正常运行。
通过蓄冷灌在第一供电状态储存冷冻水，以在第二供电状态向数据中心输送冷冻水，可以有效减小冷水主机机组21的安装数量，降低运行费用，实现电力负荷的削峰填谷，保证数据中心的正常运行。
进一步具体地，所述供热设备与所述供电端1电连接，供电端1为供 热设备供电；所述供热设备包括热泵机组41、供热端42和第一连接支管，所述热泵机组41通过所述第一连接支管与所述回水管路23连接，所述热泵机组41被配置为对所述第一连接支管内的冷却介质加热并形成暖供水输送至供热端42，由供热端42将暖供水输出。所述供热端42与所述热泵机组41连接，热泵机组41能够对由回流管路分流至第一连接支管中的冷却介质进行加热，经过加热的冷却介质由所述供热端42输出。由于回流管路中的冷却介质吸收了数据机房3产生的热量，其自身温度比较高，通过对回流管路中的冷却介质进行加热后输出至供热端42，有利于利用数据机房3产生的热量对小区等进行供暖，提高了资源的利用率，有利于节约能源。
在回流管路中的冷却介质即回流水自身的温度较高时，可以不用热泵机组41对回流水进行加热，直接将回流水通过供暖端输出，以实现数据中心运行过程中产生的热量被作为对小区等供暖的热源，从而实现能量的循环利用，有利于提高能源的利用率，也有助于节约能源。
例如，在春季、秋季或冬季，数据机房3以自然冷却为主，数据机房3的制冷系统的制冷耗电量减少，利用供电端1对热泵机组41供电，使得热泵机组41对部分温度较高的回流水进行加热，形成暖供水，可以对整个小区进行供暖，也可以直接接入市政供暖管道，利用数据中心产生的废热形成热源实现再利用，有利于提高能源的利用率。
可选地，所述供热端42与小区供暖管路连接。供热端42直接与小区供暖管路连接，由供热端42向小区供暖管路供给暖供水，以实现小区的供暖。在冬季等温度较低的时间，通过利用数据中心产生的热量，对小区进行供暖，提高了能源的利用率，有利于节约能源。
可选地，所述供热端42与市政供暖管路连接。供热端42也可以与市政供暖管路连接，暖供水直接由供暖端进入市政供暖管路，有助于提高供暖的范围，与有助于节约供暖管道的铺设，保证供暖的效果，能源的利用率较高。
可选地，所述热泵机组41包括多台热泵机。多台热泵机能够显著提高热泵机组41的加热效果，以对由第一连接支管进入热泵机组41的冷却介 质进行快速高效地加热。实现了供热端42供暖的稳定性。
在本实施例中，由于数据机房3在运行的过程产生大量的热，通过向数据机房3输送冷冻水对数据机房3进行降温，冷冻水经过数据机房3温度升高形成回流水，通过供水管路22和回水管路23实现数据机房3的能量循环。温度较高的回流水经过热泵机组41形成暖供水经供热端42输出。通过利用回流水携带的能量实现小区等的供暖，有效地利用了数据机房3产生的热量，节约了能源。
即，本申请在夏季等温蒂较高的季节通过制冷设备对数据机房3进行快速有效地降温，使得数据机房3能够稳定运行；通过在冬季等温度较低的季节，由于数据机房3的自然冷却效果较好，数据机房3的制冷设备的耗电量较少，此时，通过对数据机房3制冷后形成的温度较高的冷却介质即回流水进行加热后形成暖供水，以输出至供热端42供小区等供热，不仅能够保证数据机房3的正常运行，而且，能够实现废热的重复利用，有利于节约能源，提高能源的利用率。
可选地，制冷系统还包括热泵机组，所述热泵机组和所述供电端电连接，所述热泵机组连接于所述回水管路，用于冷却所述回水管路内的冷却介质。
在炎热的夏天，冷水主机机组负荷较大时，该热泵机组开启，对回流的冷却水进行冷却，确保对数据机房的冷却效果。
可选地，制冷系统还包括冷却塔；
所述冷却塔连接所述热泵机组，所述冷却塔被配置为对所述热泵机组进行冷却。
需要说明的是，冷却塔25的使用状态为：在室外温度较高，例如夏季，热泵机组41的负荷大，在制冷的同时会产生了大量热量，使得热泵机组41处温度太高，影响工人操作，且不利于提高制冷效果。本申请采用冷却塔25对热泵机组41的发热端(如冷凝器)，进行冷却散热，使得热泵机组保持良好的工作状态，提高对高数据机房3的制冷效果，保证数据机房3正常稳定运行。
可选地，所述供电端1包括市政电网供电端11、可再生能源供电端12 和储能设备供电端13。通过市政电网供电端11、可再生能源供电端12和储能设备供电端13能够满足数据机房3、制冷设备、供热设备的用电需求，使得数据机房3能够在供电充足的状态下稳定的工作。
其中，可再生能源供电端12可以为太阳能发电电力、风力发电电力等绿色的可再生能源，利用可再生能源作为供电端1能够有效地减少火力发电对环境的污染，有助保护环境，实现资源利用的良性循环。
可选地，所述市政电网供电端11、所述可再生能源供电端12和所述储能设备供电端13之间为电连接。市政电网供电端11、可再生能源供电端12和储能设备供电端13之间通过电路连接，在对供电端1的选择的过程中，优选可再生能源供电端12，以实现数据机房3正常运行的同时，能够更好地保护环境。
可选地，在第一供电状态下，所述储能设备供电端13被配置为用于储存所述市政电网供电端11和/或所述可再生能源供电端12的电能。
在第二供电状态下，所述储能设备供电端13被配置向制冷设备和/或供热设备供电。储能设备供电端13作为应急供电端1，以解决数据机房3运行过程中电量供应不足的问题。而在电量供应充足时，储能设备供电端13可以储存部分的电能以供电量供应不足的时候使用。
例如，在用电低谷期，供电端1的供电量充足，此时，电费的价格也较低，储能设备供电端13可以储存市政电网供电端11和/或可再生能源供电端12的电能，以便于在用电高峰期对数据机房3等进行供电，便于缓解用电高峰期时市政电网供电端11和/或可再生能源供电端12的供电压力，也便于保证数据机房3的平稳运行。
在本实施例中，数据机房3在运行的过程中，采用市政电网供电端11和可再生能源供电端12联合供电，优先采用可再生能源供电端12实现数据机房3的蓄冷、蓄电，保证了数据机房3的制冷、供电系统的稳定性，同时也可以有效实现数据机房3的供需调整和错峰用电的用途，有利于保证数据机房3在用电高峰期的平稳运行，也有助于节约成本。
可选地，所述冷水主机机组21包括多个冷水主机211。多个冷水主机211能够实现对冷却介质进行快速制冷降温，以便于降温后的冷却介质即 冷冻水能够对数据机房3进行有效地制冷，从而保证数据机房3的平稳运行。
多个冷水主机211并排设置，有助于优化冷水主机机组21的布局，不仅便于各种线路、管道的安装和布设，也有助于对冷水主机机组21的检修工作。
可选地，所述冷水主机211为空调制冷设备。空调制冷设备的制冷效率较高，能够对冷却介质实现快速制冷降温形成冷冻水，保证了冷却介质具有较低的温度，以便冷冻水在水循环的过程中对数据机房3进行快速有效地降温。
通过冷却介质在供水管道和回水管道中循环，以实现数据机房3在运行过程的制冷降温，制冷效率较高，而且有助于稳定地对数据机房3进行降温，保持数据机房3具有合适的运行温度，从而有助于保证数据机房3的稳定运行。
本公开提供一种数据中心的制冷和供热，采用上述的数据中心的制冷和供热系统，包括：
在第一供电状态下，所述蓄冷罐24输入由所述冷水主机机组21输出的冷却介质并储存。
由于在第一供电状态下，供电端1的电量供应比较充足，电费也较低，此时，蓄冷灌可以储存温度较低的冷却介质即冷冻水，以便在供电端1的电量供应不足的情况下，缓解冷水主机机组21的供冷压力，对数据机房3进行快速有效地降温。
在第二供电状态下，所述蓄冷罐24向所述数据机房3输出冷却介质。
由于在第二供电状态下，供电端1的供电量不足，此时，冷水主机机组21的供冷压力较大，数据机房3可能出现制冷效果不好而引起运行故障。此时，利用蓄冷灌储存温度较低的冷却介质即冷冻水，实现数据机房3的制冷降温，不仅效果较好，而且操作非常方便。也便于节省用电的费用。
当蓄冷罐内存储的冷冻水后未及时排出时，内部的冷冻水会升温，不宜再输送至数据中心。因此，本申请实施例中，蓄冷罐还一进步连接回水管路23，用于将蓄冷罐内升温后的水通过回水管路23输送至冷水主机机 组21进行降温处理。
可选地，在第一供电状态下，所述储能设备供电端13储存由所述市政电网供电端11和/或所述可再生能源供电端12的输出的电能。
在第一供电状态下，供电端1的电量供应比较充足，也比较稳定，电费也较低，此时，储能设备储存市政电网供电端11和/或所述可再生能源供电端12的输出的电能，有助于节约成本，也有助于在用电高峰期缓解供电端1的压力，实现供电端1能够稳定地对数据机房3等稳定的供电，实现数据机房3的平稳运行。
在第二供电状态下，所述储能设备供电端13向所述制冷设备和/或所述供热设备供电。
例如，在第二供电状态下，所述储能设备供电端13被配置向所述冷水主机机组21供电。第二供电状态为用电高峰期，此时，不仅市政电网供电端11和/或所述可再生能源供电端12向所述冷水主机机组21供电，储能设备供电端13也同时向所述冷水主机机组21供电，以保证冷水主机机组21在供电充足的状态下正常工作，以保证数据机房3的制冷效果。
在第二供电状态下，所述市政电网供电端11和/或所述可再生能源供电端12向所述冷水主机机组21供电。第二供电状态的电量充足，市政电网供电端11和/或所述可再生能源供电端12所供给的电能足够满足数据机房3的工作需要，此时只需要市政电网供电端11和/或所述可再生能源供电端12对冷水主机机组21供电。同时，储能设备供电端13能够储存市政电网供电端11和/或所述可再生能源供电端12的电能，以备在用电紧张的状态下缓解供电端1的供电压力，保证电能供应的稳定性，实现数据机房3的稳定运行。
在第一供电状态下，由于为用电高峰期，供电端1的电量供应比较紧张，可能会导致数据机房3的制冷效果不好的情况，此时，通过储能设备供电端13储存的电量对数据机房3等进行供电，有助于在用电高峰期缓解供电端1的压力，实现供电端1能够稳定地对数据机房3等稳定的供电，实现数据机房3的平稳运行。
另外，储能设备供电端13可以把输出多余的不稳定的风力发电电力或 太阳能发电电力充入到蓄电系统中，而在电力消费量激增时，也可从蓄电系统中瞬间输出电力，使其频率稳定，即在供电紧张的状态下能够使储能设备供电端13平稳地向数据机房3等输出。不仅使得电力输出更加稳定，还可以大幅降低二氧化碳的排放，能够较好地保护环境。
在本实施例中，制冷设备的蓄冷灌能够储存低温的冷却介质，并在数据机房3的冷却效果降低的状态下向数据机房3提供低温的冷却介质，以提高数据机房3的冷却效果，从而保证数据机房3的正常且稳定运行。
另外，在冬季，供热设备利用数据机房3运行所产生的热量并形成温度较高的冷却介质为小区或市政供暖管网等供暖，有效地利用了数据机房3产生的热量，节约了能源。
虽然已经通过例子对本公开的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本公开的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本公开的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本公开的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种数据中心的制冷系统，其特征在于，包括：
    供电端和冷水主机机组，所述供电端与所述冷水主机机组电连接；
    数据机房和供水管路，所述冷水主机机组通过所述供水管路与所述数据机房连接，所述冷水主机机组被配置为对冷却介质进行制冷并通过所述供水管路输出；
    回水管路，所述数据机房通过所述回水管路与所述冷水主机机组连接，所述冷水主机机组被配置为通过所述回水管路接收冷却介质；
    蓄冷罐，所述蓄冷灌通过所述供水管路分别与所述冷水主机机组和所述数据机房连接；
    在第一供电状态下，所述蓄冷灌被配置为储存由所述冷水主机机组输出的冷却介质；
    在第二供电状态下，所述蓄冷灌被配置为向所述数据机房输送冷却介质。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的数据中心的制冷系统，其特征在于，还包括热泵机组，所述热泵机组和所述供电端电连接，所述热泵机组连接于所述回水管路，用于冷却所述回水管路内的冷却介质。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的数据中心的制冷系统，其特征在于，还包括冷却塔；
    所述冷却塔连接所述热泵机组，所述冷却塔被配置为对所述热泵机组进行冷却。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的数据中心的制冷系统，其特征在于，所述供电端包括市政电网供电端、可再生能源供电端和储能设备供电端。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的数据中心的制冷系统，其特征在于，所述储能设备供电端被配置为在第一供电状态下用于储存所述市政电网供电端和/或所述可再生能源供电端的电能。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的数据中心的制冷系统，其特征在于，所述市政电网供电端、所述可再生能源供电端和所述储能设备供电端之间为电连 接。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的数据中心的制冷系统，其特征在于，在第二供电状态下，所述储能设备供电端被配置向所述冷水主机机组供电。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的数据中心的制冷系统，其特征在于，所述冷水主机机组包括多台冷水主机。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的数据中心的制冷系统，其特征在于，多台冷水主机并列设置。
  10. 根据权利要求4所述的数据中心的制冷系统，其特征在于，在第二供电状态下，所述市政电网供电端和/或所述可再生能源供电端向所述冷水主机机组供电。
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