WO2022027112A1

WO2022027112A1 - Process and device for magnetically activating water and system for producing concrete and mortar

Info

Publication number: WO2022027112A1
Application number: PCT/BR2020/050350
Authority: WO
Inventors: Abdias Magalhães GOMES; Welerson Romaniello DE FREITAS
Original assignee: Andrade Gutierrez Engenharia S.A.
Priority date: 2020-08-07
Filing date: 2020-09-01
Publication date: 2022-02-10
Also published as: BR102020016174A2

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process and a device for treating water using magnetic fields, i.e. by magnetically activating same. The process (100) for magnetically activating water comprises the steps of: i) providing an initial water current; ii) measuring at least one initial water current parameter; iii) passing the initial water current through a magnetic activation region (2), the magnetic activation region (2) being determined based on at least one parameter measured for the initial water current; and iv) removing a final water current from the magnetic activation region (2); wherein, in steps i), ii), iii) and iv), the initial and final water currents are maintained under laminar flow conditions.

Description

PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR MAGNETIC ACTIVATION OF WATER AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE AND MORTAR

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a process and a device for the treatment of water, and more particularly in the treatment of water from magnetic fields, that is, its magnetic activation.

Specifically, the present invention is intended for the magnetic activation of water for the production of concrete and mortar oriented in accordance with the needs and specificities of each work/project.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The discovery of the effects of magnetic water treatment was made in the late 1950s by Vermeiren, who patented a process and device for reducing scale formation in steam boilers (FR1 145070).

However, the magnetic treatment of water and aqueous systems has also found application in other fields of human activity, ranging from the vast majority of industrial and energy processes associated with water.

Magnetic treatment can be used to combat limestone precipitation in boilers, to enrich ores, to produce concrete and mortar, as well as to accelerate the processes of filtering and purifying wastewater or wastewater.

Most of the prior art analyzes the effects of magnetic activation of water under an experimental emphasis, reporting changes in water properties such as viscosity, surface tension, pH, electrical conductivity, increase in the electric dipole moment of the water molecule and increase in the ultrasound propagation speed.

Even in the 1970s, articles were published that report the application of magnetic activation of water in the use of concrete preparation.

As reported by the authors Uryvayeva, G.D. and Tatarintseva, M.I., the use of magnetically activated water produces several interactions of CaO.AhOa with water and the crystallization of new phases.

The same article, developed using an electron microscope, mentions that hydro-aluminates are absent when concrete is prepared with magnetically activated water and that the crystals present are larger than those observed in concrete prepared with common water. The work of Ulazovskiy, VA and Anan'ina SA, also developed using an electron microscope, showed that the number of crystallization centers in a cement paste prepared with magnetically activated water is much higher than when the paste is prepared with water. common. These authors also measured changes in electrical conductivity of cement paste prepared with magnetically activated water.

These last two references are translated in the work of O'Brien WP Jr. (On the Use of Magnetic (and Electric and Ultrasonic) Fields for Controlling the Deposition of Scale in Water Systems; a review of papers translated from Russian for the Navy Civil Engineering Laboratory, Port Hueneme, CA, 1979; PO#N62583-79-M-R-770), which presents an extensive review of several technical articles addressing the effects of magnetic activation of water applied in various industrial areas.

A little earlier, in 1966, Joshi, KM, and Kamat, PV (Effect of magnetic field on the physical properties of water. J. Ind. Chem. Soc. 43: 620-622) experimentally proved changes in several physical properties of water. produced by the action of magnetic fields.

Years later, in 1984, Bush. KW et al. (Laboratory Studies Involving Magnetic Water Treatment Devices. Paper #251, CORROSIONS '84) confirm changes in the physical properties of water and propose that the magneto-hydrodynamically generated electrical current produces an initial precipitation of dissolved salts in the water, in the liquid volume itself functioning as nucleation centers of the various reactions that may occur between water and other constituents.

In 1977, Boichenko and Sapogin (LG Journal of Engineering Physics (1977) 33: 980.) presented a theory for the magnetic treatment of water, with exclusive emphasis on the water molecule itself and its ions H+ and OH-, disregarding the salts dissolved in it and their respective ions such as Ca++ and CO3-.

To present their model for the magnetic activation of water, the authors consider the following variables: v: velocity of water flow through the magnetic field;

B: magnetic induction;

Re: Reynolds number;

R: equivalent radius of the pipe section; r: radius of the circle of the cycloidal movement of ions; and F: Lorentz force.

The Lorentz force is the force that electric and magnetic fields exert on electrically charged particles, in this case the ions in the water itself.

According to the proposed model, when the water flow passes through a magnetic field transverse to the direction of the flow, the Lorentz force causes the ions to have a circular motion which, combined with the translational motion, starts to move in a circular motion. cycloidal.

In this movement, the ions drag water molecules, which are polar, and organize these molecules along the circular path of the ions.

As water molecules have an electric dipole moment p at an angle of 105 ^and between the bonds between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms, the result is that the water molecules dragged by the circular motion of the ions bond to each other in an orderly manner. forming a hexagonal structure similar to the aromatic ring of benzene, causing an increase in the electric dipole angle of these molecules from 105 ^e to 120 ^e , as illustrated in Figure 1 .

In Figure 1, the dark dots represent hydrogen atoms while the light dots represent oxygen atoms.

For these authors, the organized structure of water is responsible for the phenomena related to the magnetic activation of water.

This ordered structure of water is similar to the “polywater” discovered in 1962 by Nicolai Fedyakin and studied by Erlander S.R. ("The Structure of Water." Science Journal, Nov. 1969, pp. 60-65) and by Lippincott. E.R., Stromberg, R.R., Grant W.H. and Cessac. G.L. (Polywater Science. Vol. 164 1969 p. 1482-1487).

In 1981, the authors Kochmarskii, V. Z., Kuls'kii, L. A. and Krivtsov, V. V. presented a work based on statistical mechanics, followed by experimental proofs (free translation from Russian: “After effects of antifouling magnetic treatment”). These authors expand the proposal of Boichenko and Sapogin and include the ions of salts dissolved in water in the form of Ca++ and CO3--, as participants in the process of water organization.

Under the action of the transverse magnetic field these ions also start to have a cycloidal movement resulting from the translation (v) and rotation (w) movements and also drag the water molecules, organizing them.

Additionally, the transverse magnetic field makes these ions forces from opposite directions, bringing them together in the form of CaCOa. These particles, formed in the very volume of water, will act as nuclei for various reactions.

In 1993, researchers Srebrenik, S.Nadiv.S and Lin,IJ of the “Technion Israel Institute” considered all changes in the magnetic field over water and proposed a model for the magnetic treatment of water (“Magnetic Treatment of Water-A Theoretical Quantum Model, "Magnetic and Electrical Separation, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 71-91, 1993).

Furthermore, these authors developed theoretical work based on quantum mechanics, even showing the changes in the configuration of spins in the water molecule caused by the magnetic field. Such work is a more refined take on the work of Boichenko and Sapogin.

In 2008, researchers Pang Xiaofeng and Deng Bo (' The changes of macroscopic features and microscopic structures of water under influence of magnetic field”, Physica B: Physics of Condensed Matter, Volume 403, Issue 19-20, p. 3571-3577 ) determined the changes exhibited by magnetically activated water from infrared and ultraviolet absorption techniques and also from X-ray diffraction.

In 2013, Pang Xiaofeng and Zhu Xing-Chun (“The Magnetization of Water Arising From a Magnetic-Field and Its Applications in Concrete Industry”, 2013) unequivocally showed the gains in the mechanical and rheological properties of concrete produced with activated water. magnetically.

As presented above, although the state of the art presents a vast literature on the magnetic activation of water and indications of the advantages of such activation, in no document or publication are the optimal conditions of magnetic activation of water with regard to flow parameters specified. of water, such as water hardness (amount of dissolved salts), flow speed, flow regime, pH, among others.

Nor are conditions specified for magnetic activation, such as the intensity of the magnetic field and the time the water remains in the presence of the magnetic field necessary to achieve the desired effects.

In this sense, the state of the art lacks reproducible and reliable processes for the magnetic activation of water, which greatly hinders its application. on an industrial scale.

In particular, the state of the art does not reveal reliable processes for the magnetic activation of water for application in civil construction, such as in the preparation of concrete and mortar.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

An objective of the present invention is to propose a reliable, versatile, low cost process for magnetic water activation that generates a magnetically activated water flow according to the specifications required by the user.

Still, an objective of the present invention is to propose a process for magnetic activation of water that generates a flow of water specially adapted for application in the preparation of concrete (with coarse aggregates, such as gravel) and mortars (with fine aggregates, such as sand) of various types. types.

Still, another objective of the present invention is to propose a device for magnetic activation of water of simple construction and low cost, which can be adapted according to the particularities of the water flow to be magnetically activated.

Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to propose a device for magnetic activation of water that can be transported to the site of a work/project.

Furthermore, it is also an objective of the present invention to propose a system for the production of concrete and mortar of various types and specifications, which can be adapted according to the specifications of each work/project.

Specifically, one or more objectives is (are) achieved by a process for magnetically activating water comprising the steps of: i) providing an initial flow of water; ii) measuring at least one parameter of an initial water flow; iii) passing the initial water flow through a magnetic activation region, wherein the magnetic activation region is determined based on at least one measured parameter of the initial water flow; and iv) removing a final water stream from the magnetic activation region; wherein, in steps i), ii), iii) and iv), the initial and final water flows are maintained under a laminar flow regime.

Further, one or more objectives is (are) achieved by means of a device for magnetic activation of water comprising an inlet channel configured to receive an initial water flow; a magnetic activation region in fluid communication with the inlet channel; wherein the input channel is disposed upstream of the magnetic activation region; the magnetic activation region configured to receive and to magnetically activate the initial water flow, generating a final water flow; wherein the magnetic activation region is determined based on at least one measured parameter of the initial water flow; an outlet channel in fluid communication with the magnetic activation region and configured to receive the final water flow; wherein the output channel is disposed downstream of the magnetic activation region; wherein the inlet channel, magnetic activation region, and outlet channel are configured to maintain initial and final water flows under a laminar flow regime.

Finally, one or more objectives is (are) achieved by means of a system for the production of concrete and mortar, comprising the device for magnetic activation of water and a concrete and mortar plant arranged in fluid communication downstream of the device; where the concrete and mortar plant is configured to produce concrete and/or mortar from the final water stream.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The objectives, technical effects and advantages of the process, device and system will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description which makes reference to the accompanying figures.

Figure 1 shows a representation of the molecular structure of magnetically activated water, according to authors Boichenko and Sapogin.

Figure 2 shows a process flowchart for magnetic activation of water, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the device for magnetic activation of water, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 shows a top view of the device for magnetic activation of water, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the device for magnetic activation of water, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the magnetic activation region, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the metal housing, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 shows a diagram of the system for producing concrete and mortar, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The drawings are only to illustrate preferred embodiments and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Initially, it should be noted that the process and device for the magnetic activation of water and the system for producing concrete and mortar, objects of the present invention, will be described below according to the embodiments shown in the attached figures, but not limiting, since that their embodiments can be carried out in different ways and variations and according to the application desired by the technician in the subject.

The use of the term “one” or “one” in this specification does not indicate a limited quantity, but the existence of at least (at a minimum) one of the listed elements/components/items. Use of the term “or” indicates any or all of the elements/components/items listed. The use of the term “comprise”, “endowed”, “provided” or a similar term indicates that the element/component/item listed in front of said term forms part of the invention, but does not exclude other elements/components/items not listed. The use of the term “associate”, “connect” or similar terms may refer to physical, mechanical, pneumatic, fluidic, hydraulic, electrical, electronic or wireless connections, whether directly or indirectly.

As seen in Figure 2, the process 100 for magnetic activation of water comprises the steps of: i) providing an initial flow of water; ii) measuring at least one parameter of an initial water flow; iii) passing the initial water flow through a magnetic activation region 2, wherein the magnetic activation region 2 is determined based on at least one measured parameter of the initial water flow; and iv) removing a final water stream from the magnetic activation region 2; wherein, in steps i), ii), iii) and iv), the initial and final water flows are maintained under a laminar flow regime.

Regarding step i), the initial water flow, i.e. the water flow to be magnetically activated, can be supplied from a reservoir 3 and a hydraulic pump 4 arranged in fluid communication upstream of the magnetic activation region 2.

Referring to step ii), this comprises measuring at least one parameter of the initial water flow chosen from a group comprising: pH, hardness, temperature, electrical conductivity, flow rate, flow velocity and their combinations.

Continuing, the magnetic activation region 2 comprises a plurality of fluid passage channels 21, interspersed by a plurality of permanent magnets 22.

In particular, the plurality of permanent magnets 22 are configured to generate a magnetic field perpendicular to the initial flow of water passing through the plurality of passage channels 21 .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of magnets 22 comprises from 80 to 650 magnets, wherein the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 22 is greater than or equal to 0.01 T.

Preferably, the permanent magnets 22 are made of ferro-neodymium, barium ferrite, strontium ferrite or a combination of the same or other magnetic alloys that may be available on the market.

The cross-sectional area of each channel among the plurality of through channels 21 is in a range between 1 to 50 cm ² , while the length of the plurality of through channels 21 is greater than or equal to 80 cm.

Each channel among the plurality of through channels 21 has a rectangular or circular cross-section. However, one skilled in the art will immediately appreciate that other cross-sectional shapes are possible.

Further, the plurality of through channels 21 comprises at least one channel surrounded by the plurality of permanent magnets 22 or a plurality of channels interspersed by the plurality of permanent magnets 22.

In a preferred embodiment, the flow rate of the initial water flow in the plurality of passage channels 21 is greater than or equal to 2 m ³ /h.

Furthermore, the residence time of the initial water flow in the plurality of passage channels 21 is greater than or equal to 1 s.

In general, the area of the passage channels, the length of the passage channels, and the flow rate of the initial and final water flows are sized so that the flow Reynolds number of the initial water flow and the flow of final water is indicative of a laminar flow.

The plurality of passage channels 21 is encapsulated by a metallic housing 7 made of nodular cast iron with a carbon content above 2% or welded low carbon steel sheets.

Continuing, in one embodiment, the initial water flow is provided in a frustoconical inlet channel 5 in fluid communication with the magnetic activation region 2 and disposed upstream of the magnetic activation region 2.

Preferably, the inlet channel 5 has an initial area of 15 to 100 cm ² , a final area of 150 to 500 cm ² and a length of 25 to 70 cm.

The final water flow, i.e. the magnetically activated water flow, is withdrawn from the magnetic activation region 2 by an outlet channel 6 of frustoconical shape in fluid communication with the magnetic activation region 2 and disposed downstream of the region of magnetic activation 2.

Preferably, the outlet channel 6 has an initial area of 15 to 100 cm ² , a final area of 150 to 500 cm ² and a length of 25 to 70 cm.

In an embodiment illustrated by Figure 7, the inlet and outlet channels 5,6 have the same dimensions and are symmetrical to each other.

In one embodiment, the inlet and outlet channels 5, 6 are projected from the metal housing 7 and form a single piece. Alternatively, input and output channels 5, 6 are mechanically connected to metal housing 7.

Preferably, the final water flow is applied in the manufacture of a mortar or a concrete, whereby the magnetic activation region 2 is determined not only on the basis of at least one measured parameter of the initial water flow, but also on an intended parameter. of mortar or concrete.

The intended parameter of the mortar or concrete can be chosen from a group comprising: class and type of concrete or mortar, consistency, plasticity, compressive strength, water retention, drying shrinkage, type of cement used, type of aggregate used , type of pozzolanic addition, type of plant or concrete or mortar plant 8 used and their combinations.

The present invention also relates to a device 1 for magnetic activation of water, which comprises: an inlet channel 5 configured to receive an initial flow of water; a magnetic activation region 2 in fluid communication with the inlet channel 5; wherein the input channel 5 is arranged upstream of the magnetic activation region 2; the magnetic activation region 2 configured to receive and to magnetically activate the initial water flow, generating a final water flow; wherein the magnetic activation region 2 is determined based on at least one measured parameter of the initial water flow; an outlet channel 6 in fluid communication with the magnetic activation region 2 and configured to receive the final water flow; wherein the output channel 6 is arranged downstream of the magnetic activation region 2; wherein the inlet channel 5, the magnetic activation region 2 and the outlet channel 6 are configured to maintain the initial and final water flows under a laminar flow regime.

The present invention also relates to a system 100 for producing concrete and mortar, comprising: the device 1 for magnetic activation of water, as described above; and a concrete and mortar plant 8 arranged in fluid communication downstream of the device 1; wherein the concrete and mortar plant 8 is configured to produce concrete and/or mortar from the final water stream.

The concrete and mortar plant 8 can be of any type known from the state of the art, such as a concrete mixer; a Tow Go type switch; switches P2, P3, P4 or P5; a concrete plant for the block factory; a concrete plant for a mining company; a mixer for concrete, among others.

As illustrated by Figure 8, the system 100 may also comprise a reservoir 3 and a hydraulic pump 4.

It is worth noting that measurements related to a parameter of the initial water flow can be obtained either through sensors (not shown) installed in reservoir 3, in hydraulic pump 4, in device 1 or in the pipe interconnecting the components of the system 100 or through laboratory analysis of samples taken from the initial flow of water. The laminar flow regime is of vital importance for both the acquisition and maintenance of the magnetic activation of the water.

For example, if the inlet channel 5 of the device 1 is replaced without changing the flow, the flow regime will present a higher Reynolds number and may reach a non-laminar regime, causing the initial water flow to go from disordered manner in the magnetic activation region, interfering with the magnetic activation process.

If the final water flow is applied in civil construction, the properties of concrete and mortar can be compromised, reducing or even eliminating beneficial properties provided by the magnetic activation of water.

Likewise, the magnetic activation region is designed and constructed according to measured parameters of the initial water flow and the intended parameters of the mortar or concrete produced from the final water flow.

As an example, if a magnetic activation region 2, designed for a flow of 20 m ³ /h, is used for a flow of 30 m ³ /h, there will be an increase in the flow velocity, reducing the residence time of the initial flow. of water in contact with the permanent magnets 22, making the process of magnetic activation of the water insufficient to promote gains in the properties of concrete and mortar.

Likewise, a reduction in flow to 10m ³ /h would reduce the flow velocity and compromise the intensity of the Lorentz force on the charged particles dissolved in the initial flow of water and also on the water molecules themselves, compromising the formation of the molecular structure. organized.

It should be noted that the organized molecular structure, illustrated by Figure 1 , is responsible for changes in the physical parameters of water, and the impairment in the formation of this structure would directly affect any gains in the mechanical and/or rheological properties of the concrete and mortar produced at from the final stream of water.

Additionally, the path of the final flow of water through the outlet channel 6 after leaving the magnetic activation region 2 until the moment of its use in the production of concrete or mortar is extremely important.

If the final flow of water, i.e. magnetically activated water, is subjected to a turbulent regime (ie, subject to a very high Reynolds number), the organized molecular structure of water can break down, making it an ordinary water that would not contribute to improvements in the production of concrete and mortar.

In other words, any modification in output channel 6 of magnetic activation region 2 interferes with the entire hydrodynamic regime of steps i), ii), iii) and iv) of process 100, causing magnetic activation region 2 to operate outside its optimal range, compromising the quality of the concrete and mortar produced from the final flow of water.

In a preferred embodiment, the pH value of the initial flow is in a range between 6.5 and 7.5, preferably 7.0 (neutral pH).

When the water to be magnetically activated has a pH above 7 and is therefore alkaline water, it means that the concentration of OH' ions is greater than the concentration of H ⁺ ions.

As these negative ions have a much greater mass than the positive ions, the magnetic activation region 2 must be adjusted so that the distance between the permanent magnets 22 is reduced (alternatively, that the cross-sectional area of each passage channel is reduced) and/or the magnetic field is increased, so that the magnetic activation region 2 is able to rotate the OH' ions. However, the ideal is that pH and pOH have similar values.

Thus, the present invention is intended to reveal optimal conditions for the magnetic activation of water, which are those that make the mortar or concrete produced by the concrete and mortar plant 8, with this magnetically activated water, show gains in their properties. mechanical and rheological and/or that allow the greatest savings in cement, additions and additives to be obtained.

By way of example, mortars or concrete produced with the magnetically activated water through process 100 advantageously have:

- up to 15% increase in compressive strength;

- increased consistency, plasticity and workability measured via “slump test” or through rheometers;

- reduction in the consumption of cement, additions, polyfunctional additives and water reducers without adversely affecting the rheological properties in the fresh and hardened state;

- greater water retention in the fresh mix, providing less exudation to concrete and mortar; and

- greater ease of curing of concretes and mortars, reducing the risk of shrinkage and the appearance of cracks and fissures during and after hardening.

Examples 1 to 3 below demonstrate gains in the mechanical and/or rheological properties of concrete produced from a final flow of water obtained by means of the magnetic water activation device 1, object of the present invention.

EXAMPLE 1 - Tow Go CONTROL UNIT USING FLYING ASHES

In the present example, the following parameters of the initial water flow, device 1 and concrete and mortar plant 8 were used for the production of concrete using fly ash:

• Type of concrete and mortar plant 8: Tow Go;

• Maximum possible water consumption of plant 8 (m ³ /h): 4;

• Final flow rate (magnetically activated water) (m ³ /h): 6;

• Initial diameter of inlet channel 5: 5.08 cm;

• Final diameter of outlet channel 6: 5.08 cm;

• Average water filling time in reservoir 3: up to 15 minutes;

• Actual water flow at the loading point of the trucks or mixer (m ³ /h): <5;

• Information about magnetic activation region 2:

- Width: 12.5 cm;

- Height: 16.0 cm;

- Length: 100.6 cm;

- Cross-sectional area: 200 cm ² ; and

- Quantity of permanent magnets 22: 120.

Table 1 below shows the results obtained in the laboratory on the properties of fresh and hardened concrete produced with the addition of fly ash. In Table 1:

- concretes N0 and N1 were produced with ordinary water, that is, without magnetic activation of any kind;

- concretes 10.1 and 11.1 were produced with magnetically activated water; and concretes 10.2 and 11.2 were produced with activated water magnetically and with a 4% reduction in cement, additives and additions.

TABLE 1

EXAMPLE 2 - TOW GO CENTRAL USING BLAST FURNACE SLAG

In the present example, the following parameters of the initial water flow, device 1 and concrete and mortar plant 8 were used for the production of concrete using blast furnace slag:

• Type of concrete and mortar plant 8: Tow Go; • Maximum possible water consumption of plant 8 (m ³ /h): 4;

• Final flow rate (magnetically activated water) (m ³ /h): 6;

• Initial diameter of inlet channel 5: 5.08 cm;

• Final diameter of outlet channel 6: 5.08 cm;

• Average water filling time in reservoir 3: up to 15 minutes;

• Information about magnetic activation region 2:

- Width: 12.5 cm;

- Height: 16.0 cm;

- Length: 100.6 cm;

- Cross-sectional area: 200 cm ² ; and

- Quantity of permanent magnets 22: 120.

Table 2 below shows the results obtained in the laboratory on the properties of fresh and hardened concrete produced with the addition of fly ash. In Table 2:

- the concretes NO, N1 , N2 and N3 were produced with ordinary water, that is, without magnetic activation of any kind;

- concretes N2.2 and N3.2 were produced with common water and with a 4% reduction in cement, additives and additions;

- concretes 10.1 and 11.1 were produced with magnetically activated water; and

- concretes I0.2 and 11.2 were produced with magnetically activated water and with a 4% reduction in cement, additives and additions.

TABLE 2

EXAMPLE 3 - MIXING PLANT USING BLAST FURNACE SLAG In this example, the following parameters of the initial water flow, device 1 and concrete and mortar plant 8 were used for the production of concrete using blast furnace slag: • Type of concrete and mortar plant 8: mixer;

• Maximum possible water consumption of plant 8 (m ³ /h): >20;

• Final flow rate (magnetically activated water) (m ³ /h): up to 36;

• Initial diameter of inlet channel 5: 10.16 cm;

• Final diameter of outlet channel 6: 10.16 cm

• Average water filling time in tank 3: up to 2 minutes;

• Volume of water in the cargo tank 8 (minutes): 0.6 m ³ ;

• Actual water flow at the truck or mixer loading point (m ³ /h): <30;

• Information about magnetic activation region 2:

- Width: 22.9 cm;

- Height: 18.4 cm;

- Length: 100.6 cm;

- Cross-sectional area: 421.4 cm ² ;

- Quantity of permanent magnets 22: 560.

Table 3 below shows the results obtained in the laboratory on the properties of fresh and hardened concrete produced with the addition of fly ash.

In Table 3:

- concretes 10.1 and 11.1 were produced with magnetically activated water; and

TABLE 3

• As noted in Tables 1 to 3, concrete produced from magnetically activated water has higher compressive strength compared to concrete produced from common water. Although the description of the embodiment above refers to a particular example, the present invention can be implemented in analogous ways, and may present modifications in its form of implementation, so that the scope of protection of the present invention is limited only by the content of the appended claims, including all possible equivalent variations linked to the invention.

Claims

1. PROCESS (100) FOR MAGNETIC ACTIVATION OF WATER, characterized by comprising the steps of: i) providing an initial water flow; ii) measuring at least one parameter of an initial water flow; iii) passing the initial water flow through a magnetic activation region (2), wherein the magnetic activation region (2) is determined based on at least one measured parameter of the initial water flow; and iv) removing a final water stream from the magnetic activation region (2); wherein, in steps i), ii), iii) and iv), the initial and final water flows are maintained under a laminar flow regime.

2. PROCESS (100), according to claim 1, characterized by step ii) comprising measuring at least one parameter of the initial water flow chosen from a group consisting of: pH, hardness, temperature, electrical conductivity, flow, velocity flow and their combinations.

Process (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the magnetic activation region (2) comprises a plurality of fluid passage channels (21), interspersed by a plurality of permanent magnets (22) , the plurality of permanent magnets (22) configured to generate a magnetic field perpendicular to the initial flow of water passing through the plurality of passage channels (21).

Process (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of each channel among the plurality of passage channels (21) is between 1 to 50 cm ² and the length of the plurality of passage channels ( 21) be greater than or equal to 80 cm.

A process (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the plurality of through channels (21) comprise at least one channel surrounded by the plurality of permanent magnets (22) or a plurality of channels interspersed by the plurality. of permanent magnets (22).

6. PROCESS (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the flow rate of the initial water flow in the plurality of passage channels (21) is greater than or equal to 2 m ³ /h.

Process (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the initial water flow stays in the plurality of passage channels (21) greater than or equal to 1 s.

Process (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that each channel among the plurality of passage channels (21) has a rectangular or circular cross-section.

9. PROCESS (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the area of the passage channels, the length of the passage channels and the flow rate of the initial and final water flows are dimensioned so that the Reynolds number of the flow of the initial water flow and the final water flow is indicative of a laminar flow.

10. PROCESS (100), according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets (22) is greater than or equal to 0.01 T.

A process (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the permanent magnets (22) are made of neodymium iron, barium ferrite, strontium ferrite or a combination thereof.

12. PROCESS (100), according to any one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that the plurality of passage channels (21) are encapsulated by a metal housing (7) made of nodular cast iron with a carbon content above 2 % or welded low carbon steel sheet.

Process (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the initial water flow is supplied from a reservoir (3) and a hydraulic pump (4) arranged in fluid communication upstream of the region. of magnetic activation (2).

14. PROCESS (100), according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the initial water flow is provided in an inlet channel (5) of frustoconical shape in fluid communication with the magnetic activation region (2) and arranged upstream of the magnetic activation region (2).

Process (100) according to claim 13, characterized in that the inlet channel (5) has an initial area of 15 to 100 cm ² , a final area of 150 to 500 cm ² and a length of 25 to 70 cm .

16. PROCESS (100), according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the final water flow is withdrawn from the magnetic activation region (2) by an outlet channel (6) of frustoconical shape in fluid communication with the magnetic activation region (2) and arranged downstream of the magnetic activation region (2).

Process (100) according to claim 16, characterized in that the outlet channel (6) has an initial area of 15 to 100 cm ² , a final area of 150 to 500 cm ² and a length of 25 to 70 cm .

18. PROCESS (100), according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the final water flow is applied in the manufacture of a concrete or a mortar, in which the magnetic activation region (2) is determined based on the at least one measured parameter of the initial water flow and an intended parameter of the concrete or mortar.

19. PROCESS (100), according to claim 18, characterized in that the intended parameter of the concrete or mortar is chosen from a group consisting of: class and type of concrete or mortar, consistency, plasticity, compressive strength, retention of water, drying shrinkage, type of cement used, type of aggregate used, type of pozzolanic addition, type of concrete and mortar plant (8) used and their combinations.

20. DEVICE (1) FOR MAGNETIC ACTIVATION OF WATER, characterized in that it comprises: an inlet channel (5) configured to receive an initial flow of water; a magnetic activation region (2) in fluid communication with the inlet channel (5); wherein the input channel (5) is arranged upstream of the magnetic activation region (2); the magnetic activation region (2) configured to receive and to magnetically activate the initial water flow, generating a final water flow; wherein the magnetic activation region (2) is determined based on at least one measured parameter of the initial water flow; an outlet channel (6) in fluid communication with the magnetic activation region (2) and configured to receive the final water flow; wherein the output channel (6) is arranged downstream of the magnetic activation region (2); wherein the inlet channel (5), the magnetic activation region (2) and the outlet channel (6) are configured to maintain the initial and final water flows under a laminar flow regime.

21. SYSTEM (100) FOR PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE AND MORTAR, characterized in that it comprises: the device (1) for magnetic activation of water, as defined by claim 20; and a concrete and mortar plant (8) arranged in fluid communication downstream of the device (1); wherein the concrete and mortar plant (8) is configured to produce concrete and/or mortar from the final water stream.