WO2022024745A1 - Display unit - Google Patents

Display unit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022024745A1
WO2022024745A1 PCT/JP2021/026280 JP2021026280W WO2022024745A1 WO 2022024745 A1 WO2022024745 A1 WO 2022024745A1 JP 2021026280 W JP2021026280 W JP 2021026280W WO 2022024745 A1 WO2022024745 A1 WO 2022024745A1
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Prior art keywords
antiglare layer
main surface
layer
display
display unit
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PCT/JP2021/026280
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
眞誠 一色
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Ａｇｃ株式会社
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Publication of WO2022024745A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022024745A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a display unit.
  • the antiglare layer is a glass substrate that has been subjected to antiglare treatment and has irregularities.
  • the antiglare treatment includes, for example, at least one selected from frost treatment, etching treatment, and blasting treatment of the surface of the glass substrate, or coating and firing of a coating liquid on the glass substrate.
  • the antiglare layer has irregularities.
  • the unevenness can disperse the reflection direction of light and suppress the reflection of surrounding objects or lighting.
  • One aspect of the present disclosure provides a technique for further improving antiglare.
  • the display unit includes a display and an antiglare layer.
  • the antiglare layer includes a first main surface including irregularities and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and the second main surface is laminated on the display with the second main surface facing the display.
  • the display has an internal reflectance R_int of 3.0% or less.
  • the antiglare property can be further improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a display unit according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a display unit according to a modified example.
  • the display unit 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the display unit 1 is, for example, for an in-vehicle use.
  • the use of the display unit 1 is not particularly limited.
  • the display unit 1 includes, for example, a display 2 and an antiglare layer 3.
  • the display 2 and the antiglare layer 3 are adhered to each other by an adhesive layer such as OCA (Optical Clear Adaptive).
  • OCA Optical Clear Adaptive
  • the display 2 is, for example, a liquid crystal display.
  • the display 2 includes a touch sensor 21, a first polarizing element 22, a color filter substrate 23, a liquid crystal layer 24, a TFT substrate 25, a second polarizing element 26, and a backlight 27 from the antiglare layer 3 side. Are included in this order.
  • the touch sensor 21 detects the proximity of an object such as a finger to the screen of the display 2.
  • the touch sensor 21 accepts the operation of the occupant of the vehicle.
  • the touch sensor 21 has an arbitrary configuration, and the display 2 does not have to include the touch sensor 21.
  • the first polarizing element 22 and the second polarizing element 26 are linear polarizing elements, respectively. These two linear transducers are arranged with the absorption axis offset by 90 °.
  • the color filter substrate 23, the liquid crystal layer 24, and the TFT substrate 25 are arranged between the first polarizing element 22 and the second polarizing element 26.
  • the color filter substrate 23 includes, for example, a glass substrate, a color filter, a common electrode, and an alignment film in this order from the first polarizing element 22 toward the liquid crystal layer 24.
  • the alignment film orients the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 24.
  • the TFT substrate 25 includes, for example, a glass substrate, a pixel electrode, and an alignment film in this order from the second polarizing element 26 toward the liquid crystal layer 24.
  • the alignment film orients the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 24.
  • the TFT substrate 25 further includes a TFT as a driving element for driving the pixel electrodes.
  • the liquid crystal layer 24 is arranged between the color filter substrate 23 and the TFT substrate 25. A voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 24 for each pixel. The orientation of the liquid crystal molecules changes depending on the application of voltage, and the brightness of the pixels changes.
  • the backlight 27 irradiates the liquid crystal layer 24 with light via the second polarizing element 26 and the TFT substrate 25.
  • the light passes through the color filter substrate 23, the first polarizing element 22, the touch sensor 21, and the antiglare layer 3 and is emitted.
  • the display 2 may further include a functional layer other than the above.
  • the display 2 may further have an adhesive layer.
  • the adhesive layer adheres adjacent layers to each other.
  • the display 2 has an internal reflectance R_int of 3.0% or less.
  • the measurement method of R_int is as follows. With respect to the main surface 2a on which the antiglare layer 3 of the display 2 is formed, the visual reflectance measured under the geometric condition d (8 °: di) in accordance with JIS Z8722: 2009 is defined as R_dip. Further, in a state where the uppermost layer closest to the antiglare layer 3 of the display 2 is peeled off and a black film is applied to the peeled surface of the uppermost layer, JIS is applied to the main surface 2a on which the uppermost antiglare layer 3 is formed.
  • the visual reflectance measured under the geometric condition d (8 °: di) is defined as R_surf.
  • R_dip and R_surf are measured by, for example, a spectroscopic measuring instrument U-4100 manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Corporation.
  • R_int is calculated by the following formula (1).
  • R_int R_dip-R_surf ... (1)
  • the uppermost layer of the display 2 is the touch sensor 21 in FIG. In the absence of the touch sensor 21, the uppermost layer of the display 2 is the first polarizing element 22.
  • R_surf is subtracted from R_dip. That is, the reason for subtracting R_Surf from R_dip is that R_dip contains reflections at the interface between the top layer of the display 2 and the air.
  • the antiglare layer 3 is laminated on the uppermost layer of the display 2.
  • the difference in refractive index between the antiglare layer 3 and the uppermost layer is smaller than the difference in refractive index between the air layer and the uppermost layer. Therefore, the reflection of light at the interface between the antiglare layer 3 and the uppermost layer is negligibly smaller than the reflection of light at the interface between the air layer and the uppermost layer. Therefore, R_surf is subtracted from R_dip to eliminate the influence of light reflection at the interface between the top layer of the display 2 and the air.
  • R_int is, for example, 3.0% or less, preferably 1.0% or less, more preferably 0.5% or less, still more preferably 0.3% or less.
  • R_int is 3.0% or less, specular reflection between adjacent layers constituting the display 2 can be suppressed, and reflection of surrounding objects or lighting due to the specular reflection can be suppressed.
  • R_int is 0.0% or more.
  • the present inventor has improved the antiglare property of the display unit 1 by combining the display 2 having an R_int of 3.0% or less and the antiglare layer 3 having a ⁇ Rb of 0.05 or more, which will be described later, by an experiment or the like. I found that it could be improved. Even if R_int is 3.0% or less, if ⁇ Rb is less than 0.05, the antiglare property of the display unit 1 is not sufficiently improved.
  • the antiglare property of the display unit 1 is represented by an antiglare property index value R20 °.
  • R20 ° is measured by a variable angle photometer GC-5000L manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd.
  • the method for measuring R20 ° is as follows.
  • R20 ° is calculated by the formula.
  • R20 ° (R20 ° _2-R20 ° _1) / (R20 ° _2)
  • the detector rotates the light irradiation point on the first main surface 3a of the antiglare layer 3 in 1 ° increments in the same plane, and detects the brightness in 1 ° increments.
  • the rotation angle of the detector is the above angle ⁇ .
  • the antiglare index value R20 ° is, for example, 0.60 or more and less than 1.00, preferably 0.80 or more and less than 1.00.
  • the antiglare index value R20 ° is 0.60 or more, it is possible to suppress the reflection of surrounding objects or lighting on the display unit 1.
  • the antiglare layer 3 includes a first main surface 3a including irregularities and a second main surface 3b opposite to the first main surface 3a, and the second main surface 3b is directed toward the display 2 and is above the display 2. Is laminated to.
  • the antiglare layer 3 is a so-called cover glass.
  • the antiglare layer 3 is a glass substrate, and the glass substrate includes irregularities.
  • the unevenness is formed by, for example, at least one selected from a frost treatment, an etching treatment, and a blast treatment on the surface of the glass substrate.
  • the unevenness can disperse the reflection direction of light and suppress the reflection of surrounding objects or lighting.
  • the unevenness is formed on the first main surface 3a and not on the second main surface 3b.
  • the second main surface 3b is protected by a mask when forming irregularities on the first main surface 3a.
  • the unevenness may also be formed on the second main surface 3b.
  • the antiglare layer 3 of the present embodiment is a glass substrate, and the glass substrate contains irregularities, but the antiglare layer 3 includes a glass substrate and a coating layer, and the coating layer may include irregularities. Unevenness is formed by applying and firing the coating liquid.
  • the glass substrate of the antiglare layer 3 is also simply referred to as a glass substrate.
  • the glass substrate is formed by a float method, a fusion method, a down draw method, or the like.
  • the glass substrate may be bent. Further, the glass substrate may be tempered glass.
  • the tempered glass is air-cooled tempered glass or chemically tempered glass.
  • the thickness of the glass substrate is, for example, 0.05 mm to 3 mm. If the glass substrate is tempered glass, the strength of the glass substrate can be ensured while reducing the thickness of the glass substrate.
  • the glass of the glass substrate is, for example, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, or non-alkali glass. Among these, aluminosilicate glass is preferable.
  • the antiglare layer 3 may include a resin substrate instead of the glass substrate or in addition to the glass substrate.
  • the resin substrate has excellent flexibility.
  • ⁇ Rb is measured by a variable angle photometer GC-5000L manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd.
  • the method for measuring ⁇ Rb is the same as the measuring method described in Patent Document 1, and is specifically as follows.
  • Rb20 ° a method for measuring Rb20 °.
  • the antiglare layer 3 is measured alone, and a black film is applied to the second main surface 3b of the antiglare layer 3.
  • the first main surface 3a of the antiglare layer 3 is irradiated with light, and the brightness of the reflected light is detected by the detector.
  • the angle ⁇ in the direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 3 is 0 °
  • Rb20 ° is calculated by the equation (2).
  • Rb20 ° (Rb20 ° _2-Rb20 ° _1) / (Rb20 ° _2) ...
  • the detector rotates the light irradiation point on the first main surface 3a of the antiglare layer 3 in 1 ° increments in the same plane, and detects the brightness in 1 ° increments.
  • the rotation angle of the detector is the above angle ⁇ .
  • the first main surface 3a of the antiglare layer 3 is irradiated with light, and the brightness of the reflected light is detected by a detector.
  • the angle ⁇ in the direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 3 is 0 °
  • Rb45 ° is calculated by the following equation (3).
  • Rb45 ° (Rb45 ° _2-Rb45 ° _1) / (Rb45 ° _2) ...
  • the detector rotates the light irradiation point on the first main surface 3a of the antiglare layer 3 in 1 ° increments in the same plane, and detects the brightness in 1 ° increments.
  • the rotation angle of the detector is the above angle ⁇ .
  • ⁇ Rb is, for example, 0.05 to 0.25, preferably 0.07 to 0.20.
  • ⁇ Rb is 0.05 or more, the antiglare layer 3 having excellent both transmitted image sharpness and Sparkle performance can be obtained.
  • the transmission image sharpness is represented by the following sharpness index value C.
  • the Sparkle performance is represented by the following glare index value S.
  • the antiglare layer 3 has a sharpness index value C of, for example, 0.70 or more.
  • C is measured by a variable angle photometer GC-5000L manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd.
  • the method for measuring C is the same as the method for measuring "Clarity" described in Patent Document 2, and the specifics are as follows.
  • a light source arranged to face the second main surface 3b of the antiglare layer 3 irradiates the second main surface 3b of the antiglare layer 3 with light in a direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 3.
  • the brightness of the transmitted light is detected by the detector.
  • the angle ⁇ in the direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 3 is 0 °.
  • the detector rotates the light irradiation point on the second main surface 3b of the antiglare layer 3 in 1 ° increments in the same plane, and detects the brightness in 1 ° increments.
  • the rotation angle of the detector is the above angle ⁇ .
  • C is, for example, 0.70 or more and less than 1.00, preferably 0.90 or more and less than 1.00.
  • the transmission image sharpness is good.
  • the glare index value S of the antiglare layer 3 is, for example, less than 8.00%.
  • the measuring method of S is the same as the measuring method described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, and is specifically as follows.
  • Pixel Pattern attached to SMS-1000 manufactured by D & MS is installed as a photomask with its pattern surface facing up.
  • a glass plate with a thickness of 0.5 mm (for example, a soda lime glass plate manufactured by AGC) is installed on the pattern surface of the photomask, and the antiglare layer 3 is placed on the glass plate with the first main surface 3a facing upward.
  • AGC soda lime glass plate manufactured by AGC
  • the camera of the apparatus SMS-1000 captures an area of 190 dpi of the pattern surface of the photomask through the antiglare layer 3.
  • the Sparkle value obtained by image analysis of the evaluation device is S.
  • the measurement is performed in the DIM (Difference Image Method) mode.
  • the distance between the image sensor of the camera and the antiglare layer 3 is 540 mm.
  • a 23FM50SP lens having a focal length of 50 mm is used at the aperture 16.
  • S is, for example, 0.00% or more and less than 8.00%, preferably 0% or more and less than 5.00%, more preferably less than 4.00%, and further preferably less than 3.00%. If S is less than 8.00%, glare is suppressed.
  • the antiglare layer 3 has a haze value of, for example, 5% to 30%.
  • the haze value is measured with a commercially available measuring device.
  • the measuring device and measuring conditions are as follows, for example. Measuring device: Suga tester Haze meter HZ-V3 Measurement conditions: Based on Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS K 7136: 2000), measurement is performed using a C light source.
  • the haze value is, for example, 5% to 30%, preferably 5% to 20%, more preferably 5 to 15%, and even more preferably 5 to 10%. When the haze value is 30% or less, the sharpness of the transmitted image is good.
  • the display 2 of this modification is not a liquid crystal display but an organic EL display.
  • the display 2 includes the touch sensor 41, the circularly polarizing element 42, the first substrate 43, the light emitting layer 44, and the second substrate 45 in this order from the antiglare layer 3 side.
  • the touch sensor 41 is the same as the touch sensor 21 of the above embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the circular polarizing element 42 suppresses the reflection of external light.
  • the circular polarizing element 42 includes, for example, a linear polarizing element and a quarter wavelength film.
  • the circular polarizing element 42 has an arbitrary configuration, and the display 2 does not have to include the circular polarizing element 42.
  • the first substrate 43 includes, for example, a glass substrate or a resin substrate and a transparent electrode.
  • the light generated in the light emitting layer 44 passes through the transparent electrode.
  • the light emitting layer 44 includes, for example, a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, and a blue light emitting layer.
  • the light emitting layer 44 may include a white light emitting layer.
  • the white light emitting layer is used in combination with a color filter.
  • a voltage is applied to the light emitting layer 44 for each pixel.
  • the light emitting layer 44 emits light depending on the application of voltage.
  • the second substrate 45 includes, for example, a glass substrate or a resin substrate and a reflective electrode.
  • the light generated in the light emitting layer 44 is reflected by the reflective electrode and passes through the light emitting layer 44 and the transparent electrode.
  • the display 2 is not limited to the structure shown in FIG.
  • the light extraction method of the display 2 may be either a top emission method or a bottom emission method.
  • various functions such as a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, or an electron injection layer are provided between the first substrate 43 and the light emitting layer 44, or between the second substrate 45 and the light emitting layer 44. Layers may be arranged.
  • the top layer of the display 2 is the touch sensor 41 in FIG.
  • the uppermost layer of the display 2 is a circular polarizing element 42.
  • the uppermost layer of the display 2 is the first substrate 43.
  • the antiglare layer 1 of the display unit 1 is used. Can improve sex. Even if R_int is 3.0% or less, if ⁇ Rb is less than 0.05, the antiglare property of the display unit 1 is not sufficiently improved.
  • the haze value of the antiglare layer 3 is, for example, 5% to 30%, as in the above embodiment. Further, the antiglare layer 3 has a sharpness index value C of, for example, 0.70 or more. Further, the antiglare layer 3 has a glare index value S of, for example, less than 8.00%.
  • Example 1 The first main surface of a glass substrate (soda lime glass plate manufactured by AGC: 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm ⁇ 0.7 mm) was subjected to antiglare treatment to obtain an antiglare layer. As the antiglare treatment, the frost treatment and the etching treatment were performed in this order. A mask film (SPV-3620 manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) was attached to the second main surface of the glass substrate before the frost treatment. The mask film was removed after etching.
  • SPV-3620 manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation
  • frost treatment liquid an aqueous solution containing 2 wt% HF and 3 wt% KF
  • Immersion time in frost treatment liquid 3 [min] After the frost treatment and before the etching treatment, the glass substrate was washed.
  • the processing conditions for the etching process were as follows. ⁇ Etching treatment liquid (an aqueous solution containing 7.5 wt% of HF and 7.5 wt% of HCl) -Immersion time in the etching treatment liquid: 18 [min].
  • a glass substrate different from the glass substrate of the antiglare layer A glass substrate different from the glass substrate of the antiglare layer (AGC, Dragontrail: 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm ⁇ 0.7 mm).
  • a titanium oxide film, and a polarizing film manufactured by Nitto Denko KK, NPF were laminated in this order to prepare a laminated body.
  • the main surface on the glass substrate side was coated with a black film.
  • the black film was formed by black magic (manufactured by Mitsubishi Pencil Co., Ltd., paint marker, PX-30 (black)).
  • the titanium oxide film was formed on a glass substrate by a sputtering method. The film thickness of the titanium oxide film was 7.0 nm.
  • the polarizing film of the simulated display and the antiglare layer are faced to each other, and the polarizing film and the antiglare layer are adhered with OCA (Taica, OPT ⁇ GEL, K120E, 0.2 mm thick), and the display for R20 ° measurement.
  • OCA Teica, OPT ⁇ GEL, K120E, 0.2 mm thick
  • Example 2 to 3 Comparative Example 1
  • an antiglare layer was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1.
  • Example 2 the simulated display combined with the antiglare layer was produced under the same conditions except that the film thickness of the titanium oxide film was changed in order to change the internal reflectance R_int. Specifically, in Example 2, the film thickness of the titanium oxide film was 10.5 nm. Further, in Example 3, the glass substrate and the polarizing film were laminated without forming a titanium oxide film on the glass substrate and without passing through the titanium oxide film.
  • Comparative Example 1 in the simulated display combined with the antiglare layer, in order to change the internal reflectance R_int, the titanium oxide film was not formed on the glass substrate, and the glass substrate was used without the titanium oxide film.
  • the polarizing film was laminated, and no black film was applied to the main surface of the laminated body on the glass substrate side.
  • Example 4 to 5 and Comparative Examples 2 to 3 In Examples 4 to 5 and Comparative Examples 2 to 3, the antiglare layer was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the treatment conditions for the antiglare treatment were changed in order to change the uneven shape.
  • Example 4 a simulated display to be combined with the antiglare layer was produced under the same conditions as in Example 1.
  • ⁇ Clarity index value C> The sharpness index value C of each antiglare layer was measured as described above. C evaluated 0.90 or more as “good”, 0.70 or more and less than 0.90 as “possible”, and evaluated less than 0.70 as “impossible”. “Good” and “OK” are pass, and "No” is fail.
  • ⁇ Anti-glare index value R20 °> The antiglare index value R20 ° of each display unit was measured as described above. For R20 °, 0.80 or more was evaluated as “good”, 0.60 or more and less than 0.80 was evaluated as “possible”, and less than 0.60 was evaluated as “impossible”. “Good” and “OK” are pass, and "No” is fail.
  • ⁇ Glitter index value S> In order to measure the glare index value S of each antiglare layer, a simulated display unit including the antiglare layer, a glass plate, a photomask, and a backlight was prepared in this order. As the backlight, TMN150X180-22GD-4 manufactured by Aitec System Co., Ltd. was used. The method for measuring the glare index value S is as described above.
  • the glare index value S 0.00% or more and less than 8.00% was evaluated as “good”, and 8.00% or more was evaluated as “impossible”. "Good” is a pass and “impossible” is a failure.
  • Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
  • Example 1 As is clear from a comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, a display having an R_int of 3.0% or less and an antiglare layer having a ⁇ Rb of 0.05 or more are combined to prevent the display unit. It can be seen that the glare index value R20 ° becomes good. Further, from Comparative Examples 2 to 3, it can be seen that even if R_int is 3.0% or less, if ⁇ Rb is less than 0.05, the antiglare index value R20 ° of the display unit becomes defective. Further, from Examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that when ⁇ Rb is 0.05 or more, the smaller R_int is, the larger R20 ° is, and a display unit having excellent anti-glare properties can be obtained.
  • Display unit 2 Display 24 Liquid crystal layer 3 Anti-glare layer 3a 1st main surface 3b 2nd main surface

Abstract

This display unit comprises a display and an antiglare layer. The antiglare layer includes a first principal surface including protrusions and recesses, and a second principal surface on the reverse side from the first principal surface, and is stacked on the display with the second principal surface facing the display. The antiglare layer has a difference ΔRb (ΔRb = Rb20°-Rb45°) of 0.05 or more between the 20° reflection image diffusiveness index value Rb20° and the 45° reflection image diffusiveness index value Rb45°. The display has an internal reflectance R_int of 3.0% or less.

Description

ディスプレイユニットDisplay unit
　本開示は、ディスプレイユニットに関する。 This disclosure relates to a display unit.
　ディスプレイの表面に、周囲の物体又は照明等が映り込むと、画像の視認性が低下する。そこで、ディスプレイの表面には、防眩層が設けられる（例えば特許文献１～３参照）。防眩層は、ガラス基板に対して防眩処理が施されたものであり、凹凸が付与されたものである。防眩処理は、例えば、ガラス基板の表面のフロスト処理、エッチング処理、及びブラスト処理から選ばれる少なくとも１つ、又はガラス基板に対するコーティング液の塗布と焼成を含む。 If surrounding objects or lighting are reflected on the surface of the display, the visibility of the image will be reduced. Therefore, an antiglare layer is provided on the surface of the display (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). The antiglare layer is a glass substrate that has been subjected to antiglare treatment and has irregularities. The antiglare treatment includes, for example, at least one selected from frost treatment, etching treatment, and blasting treatment of the surface of the glass substrate, or coating and firing of a coating liquid on the glass substrate.
日本国特開２０１６－６４９８号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2016-6998 日本国特開２０１９－１４４４７５号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2019-144475 日本国特開２０１９－１２３６５２号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2019-123652
　防眩層は、凹凸を有する。凹凸によって、光の反射方向を分散でき、周囲の物体又は照明等の映り込みを抑制できる。 The antiglare layer has irregularities. The unevenness can disperse the reflection direction of light and suppress the reflection of surrounding objects or lighting.
　本開示の一態様は、防眩性を更に向上する、技術を提供する。 One aspect of the present disclosure provides a technique for further improving antiglare.
　本開示の一態様に係るディスプレイユニットは、ディスプレイと、防眩層と、を有する。前記防眩層は、凹凸を含む第１主面と前記第１主面とは反対向きの第２主面とを含み、前記第２主面を前記ディスプレイに向けて前記ディスプレイの上に積層される。前記防眩層は、２０°反射像拡散性指標値Ｒｂ２０°と４５°反射像拡散性指標値Ｒｂ４５°との差ΔＲｂ（ΔＲｂ＝Ｒｂ２０°－Ｒｂ４５°）が０．０５以上である。前記ディスプレイは、内部反射率Ｒ＿ｉｎｔが３．０％以下である。 The display unit according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a display and an antiglare layer. The antiglare layer includes a first main surface including irregularities and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and the second main surface is laminated on the display with the second main surface facing the display. To. The antiglare layer has a difference ΔRb (ΔRb = Rb20 ° −Rb45 °) between the 20 ° reflection image diffusivity index value Rb20 ° and the 45 ° reflection image diffusivity index value Rb45 ° of 0.05 or more. The display has an internal reflectance R_int of 3.0% or less.
　本開示の一態様によれば、防眩性を更に向上できる。 According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the antiglare property can be further improved.
図１は、実施形態に係るディスプレイユニットの断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a display unit according to an embodiment. 図２は、変形例に係るディスプレイユニットの断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a display unit according to a modified example.
　以下、本開示の実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。なお、各図面において同一の又は対応する構成には同一の符号を付し、説明を省略することがある。また、明細書中、数値範囲を示す「～」は、その前後に記載された数値を下限値及び上限値として含むことを意味する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same or corresponding configurations may be designated by the same reference numerals and description thereof may be omitted. Further, in the specification, "-" indicating a numerical range means that the numerical values described before and after the numerical range are included as the lower limit value and the upper limit value.
　図１を参照して、本実施形態に係るディスプレイユニット１について説明する。ディスプレイユニット１は、例えば車載用である。但し、ディスプレイユニット１の用途は、特に限定されない。 The display unit 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The display unit 1 is, for example, for an in-vehicle use. However, the use of the display unit 1 is not particularly limited.
　ディスプレイユニット１は、例えば、ディスプレイ２と、防眩層３と、を含む。ディスプレイ２と防眩層３とは、例えばＯＣＡ（Ｏｐｔｉｃａｌ　Ｃｌｅａｒ　Ａｄｈｅｓｉｖｅ）等の接着層で接着される。 The display unit 1 includes, for example, a display 2 and an antiglare layer 3. The display 2 and the antiglare layer 3 are adhered to each other by an adhesive layer such as OCA (Optical Clear Adaptive).
　先ず、ディスプレイ２について説明する。ディスプレイ２は、例えば液晶ディスプレイである。ディスプレイ２は、防眩層３側から、タッチセンサ２１と、第１偏光子２２と、カラーフィルター基板２３と、液晶層２４と、ＴＦＴ基板２５と、第２偏光子２６と、バックライト２７とを、この順番で含む。 First, the display 2 will be described. The display 2 is, for example, a liquid crystal display. The display 2 includes a touch sensor 21, a first polarizing element 22, a color filter substrate 23, a liquid crystal layer 24, a TFT substrate 25, a second polarizing element 26, and a backlight 27 from the antiglare layer 3 side. Are included in this order.
　タッチセンサ２１は、ディスプレイ２の画面に対する指などの物体の近接を検出する。ディスプレイユニット１が車載用である場合、タッチセンサ２１は車両の搭乗者の操作を受け付ける。なお、タッチセンサ２１は任意の構成であって、ディスプレイ２はタッチセンサ２１を含まなくてもよい。 The touch sensor 21 detects the proximity of an object such as a finger to the screen of the display 2. When the display unit 1 is for in-vehicle use, the touch sensor 21 accepts the operation of the occupant of the vehicle. The touch sensor 21 has an arbitrary configuration, and the display 2 does not have to include the touch sensor 21.
　第１偏光子２２と第２偏光子２６は、それぞれ、直線偏光子である。これら２つの直線偏光子は、吸収軸を９０°ずらして配置される。第１偏光子２２と第２偏光子２６の間に、カラーフィルター基板２３と液晶層２４とＴＦＴ基板２５とが配置される。 The first polarizing element 22 and the second polarizing element 26 are linear polarizing elements, respectively. These two linear transducers are arranged with the absorption axis offset by 90 °. The color filter substrate 23, the liquid crystal layer 24, and the TFT substrate 25 are arranged between the first polarizing element 22 and the second polarizing element 26.
　カラーフィルター基板２３は、図示しないが、例えば、第１偏光子２２から液晶層２４に向けて、ガラス基板と、カラーフィルターと、共通電極と、配向膜とを、この順番で含む。配向膜は、液晶層２４の液晶分子を配向させる。 Although not shown, the color filter substrate 23 includes, for example, a glass substrate, a color filter, a common electrode, and an alignment film in this order from the first polarizing element 22 toward the liquid crystal layer 24. The alignment film orients the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 24.
　ＴＦＴ基板２５は、図示しないが、例えば、第２偏光子２６から液晶層２４に向けて、ガラス基板と、画素電極と、配向膜とを、この順番で含む。配向膜は、液晶層２４の液晶分子を配向させる。ＴＦＴ基板２５は、画素電極を駆動する駆動素子としてのＴＦＴを更に含む。 Although not shown, the TFT substrate 25 includes, for example, a glass substrate, a pixel electrode, and an alignment film in this order from the second polarizing element 26 toward the liquid crystal layer 24. The alignment film orients the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 24. The TFT substrate 25 further includes a TFT as a driving element for driving the pixel electrodes.
　液晶層２４は、カラーフィルター基板２３とＴＦＴ基板２５の間に配置される。液晶層２４には、画素毎に電圧が印可される。電圧の印可によって液晶分子の向きが変わり、画素の輝度が変わる。 The liquid crystal layer 24 is arranged between the color filter substrate 23 and the TFT substrate 25. A voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 24 for each pixel. The orientation of the liquid crystal molecules changes depending on the application of voltage, and the brightness of the pixels changes.
　バックライト２７は、第２偏光子２６及びＴＦＴ基板２５を介して、液晶層２４に光を照射する。光は、カラーフィルター基板２３、第１偏光子２２、タッチセンサ２１及び防眩層３を透過し、出射する。 The backlight 27 irradiates the liquid crystal layer 24 with light via the second polarizing element 26 and the TFT substrate 25. The light passes through the color filter substrate 23, the first polarizing element 22, the touch sensor 21, and the antiglare layer 3 and is emitted.
　なお、ディスプレイ２は、上記以外の機能層を更に含んでもよい。例えば、ディスプレイ２は、接着層を更に有してもよい。接着層は、隣り合う層同士を接着する。 The display 2 may further include a functional layer other than the above. For example, the display 2 may further have an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer adheres adjacent layers to each other.
　ディスプレイ２は、内部反射率Ｒ＿ｉｎｔが３．０％以下である。Ｒ＿ｉｎｔの測定方法は、具体的には下記の通りである。ディスプレイ２の防眩層３が形成される主面２ａに対して、ＪＩＳ　Ｚ８７２２：２００９に準拠して、幾何条件ｄ（８°：ｄｉ）で測定した視感反射率をＲ＿ｄｉｐとする。また、ディスプレイ２の防眩層３に最も近い最上層を剥離し、最上層の剥離面に黒色膜を施した状態で、最上層の防眩層３が形成される主面２ａに対してＪＩＳ　Ｚ８７２２：２００９に準拠して、幾何条件ｄ（８°：ｄｉ）で測定した視感反射率をＲ＿ｓｕｒｆとする。Ｒ＿ｄｉｐ及びＲ＿ｓｕｒｆは、例えば日立ハイテクサイエンス社製の分光測定器Ｕ－４１００で測定する。下記式（１）によりＲ＿ｉｎｔが算出される。
Ｒ＿ｉｎｔ＝Ｒ＿ｄｉｐ－Ｒ＿ｓｕｒｆ・・・（１）
ディスプレイ２の最上層は、図１ではタッチセンサ２１である。なお、タッチセンサ２１が無い場合には、ディスプレイ２の最上層は、第１偏光子２２である。 The display 2 has an internal reflectance R_int of 3.0% or less. Specifically, the measurement method of R_int is as follows. With respect to the main surface 2a on which the antiglare layer 3 of the display 2 is formed, the visual reflectance measured under the geometric condition d (8 °: di) in accordance with JIS Z8722: 2009 is defined as R_dip. Further, in a state where the uppermost layer closest to the antiglare layer 3 of the display 2 is peeled off and a black film is applied to the peeled surface of the uppermost layer, JIS is applied to the main surface 2a on which the uppermost antiglare layer 3 is formed. According to Z8722: 2009, the visual reflectance measured under the geometric condition d (8 °: di) is defined as R_surf. R_dip and R_surf are measured by, for example, a spectroscopic measuring instrument U-4100 manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Science Corporation. R_int is calculated by the following formula (1).
R_int = R_dip-R_surf ... (1)
The uppermost layer of the display 2 is the touch sensor 21 in FIG. In the absence of the touch sensor 21, the uppermost layer of the display 2 is the first polarizing element 22.
　Ｒ＿ｄｉｐからＲ＿ｓｕｒｆを引くのは、Ｒ＿ｄｉｐを測定する際には、防眩層３がディスプレイ２から取り外されており、ディスプレイ２の最上層が空気に接するからである。つまり、Ｒ＿ｄｉｐからＲ＿Ｓｕｒｆを引くのは、Ｒ＿ｄｉｐが、ディスプレイ２の最上層と空気の界面での反射を含むからである。 The reason why R_surf is subtracted from R_dip is that the antiglare layer 3 is removed from the display 2 when measuring R_dip, and the uppermost layer of the display 2 is in contact with air. That is, the reason for subtracting R_Surf from R_dip is that R_dip contains reflections at the interface between the top layer of the display 2 and the air.
　ディスプレイユニット１において、ディスプレイ２の最上層の上には、防眩層３が積層されている。防眩層３と最上層の屈折率差は、空気層と最上層の屈折率差よりも小さい。それゆえ、防眩層３と最上層の界面での光の反射は、空気層と最上層の界面での光の反射に比べて、無視できる程度に小さい。そこで、Ｒ＿ｄｉｐからＲ＿ｓｕｒｆを引き、ディスプレイ２の最上層と空気の界面での光の反射の影響を排除する。 In the display unit 1, the antiglare layer 3 is laminated on the uppermost layer of the display 2. The difference in refractive index between the antiglare layer 3 and the uppermost layer is smaller than the difference in refractive index between the air layer and the uppermost layer. Therefore, the reflection of light at the interface between the antiglare layer 3 and the uppermost layer is negligibly smaller than the reflection of light at the interface between the air layer and the uppermost layer. Therefore, R_surf is subtracted from R_dip to eliminate the influence of light reflection at the interface between the top layer of the display 2 and the air.
　Ｒ＿ｉｎｔは、例えば３．０％以下、好ましくは１．０％以下、より好ましくは０．５％以下、さらに好ましくは０．３％以下である。Ｒ＿ｉｎｔが３．０％以下であれば、ディスプレイ２を構成する隣り合う層間での正反射を抑制でき、その正反射による周囲の物体又は照明等の映り込みを抑制できる。Ｒ＿ｉｎｔは、０．０％以上である。 R_int is, for example, 3.0% or less, preferably 1.0% or less, more preferably 0.5% or less, still more preferably 0.3% or less. When R_int is 3.0% or less, specular reflection between adjacent layers constituting the display 2 can be suppressed, and reflection of surrounding objects or lighting due to the specular reflection can be suppressed. R_int is 0.0% or more.
　本発明者は、実験等により、Ｒ＿ｉｎｔが３．０％以下であるディスプレイ２と、後述のΔＲｂが０．０５以上である防眩層３とを組み合わせることで、ディスプレイユニット１の防眩性を向上できることを見出した。なお、Ｒ＿ｉｎｔが３．０％以下であっても、ΔＲｂが０．０５未満であれば、ディスプレイユニット１の防眩性は十分に向上しない。 The present inventor has improved the antiglare property of the display unit 1 by combining the display 2 having an R_int of 3.0% or less and the antiglare layer 3 having a ΔRb of 0.05 or more, which will be described later, by an experiment or the like. I found that it could be improved. Even if R_int is 3.0% or less, if ΔRb is less than 0.05, the antiglare property of the display unit 1 is not sufficiently improved.
　ディスプレイユニット１の防眩性は、防眩性指標値Ｒ２０°で表される。Ｒ２０°は、日本電色工業社製の変角光度計ＧＣ－５０００Ｌにより測定する。Ｒ２０°の測定方法は、下記の通りである。防眩層３の第１主面３ａに対して光を照射し、その反射光の輝度を検出器で検出する。防眩層３の厚さ方向と平行な方向の角度φを０゜とすると、φ＝２０°の角度で光を照射する。φ＝－２０°で検出される正反射光の輝度をＲ２０°＿１とし、φ＝－５０°～＋１０°の全範囲で検出される反射光の輝度の合計値をＲ２０°＿２とすると、下記式によりＲ２０°が算出される。
Ｒ２０°＝（Ｒ２０°＿２－Ｒ２０°＿１）／（Ｒ２０°＿２）
ここで、検出器は、防眩層３の第１主面３ａにおける光の照射点を中心に、同一平面内で１°刻みで回転させ、１°刻みで輝度を検出する。検出器の回転角度が、上記角度φである。 The antiglare property of the display unit 1 is represented by an antiglare property index value R20 °. R20 ° is measured by a variable angle photometer GC-5000L manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd. The method for measuring R20 ° is as follows. The first main surface 3a of the antiglare layer 3 is irradiated with light, and the brightness of the reflected light is detected by a detector. Assuming that the angle φ in the direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 3 is 0 °, light is irradiated at an angle of φ = 20 °. Assuming that the brightness of the specularly reflected light detected at φ = -20 ° is R20 ° _1 and the total brightness of the reflected light detected in the entire range of φ = -50 ° to + 10 ° is R20 ° _2, it is as follows. R20 ° is calculated by the formula.
R20 ° = (R20 ° _2-R20 ° _1) / (R20 ° _2)
Here, the detector rotates the light irradiation point on the first main surface 3a of the antiglare layer 3 in 1 ° increments in the same plane, and detects the brightness in 1 ° increments. The rotation angle of the detector is the above angle φ.
　防眩性指標値Ｒ２０°は、例えば０．６０以上１．００未満であり、好ましくは０．８０以上１．００未満である。防眩性指標値Ｒ２０°が０．６０以上であれば、ディスプレイユニット１に対する周囲の物体又は照明等の映り込みを抑制できる。 The antiglare index value R20 ° is, for example, 0.60 or more and less than 1.00, preferably 0.80 or more and less than 1.00. When the antiglare index value R20 ° is 0.60 or more, it is possible to suppress the reflection of surrounding objects or lighting on the display unit 1.
　次に、防眩層３について説明する。防眩層３は、凹凸を含む第１主面３ａと、第１主面３ａとは反対向きの第２主面３ｂとを含み、第２主面３ｂをディスプレイ２に向けてディスプレイ２の上に積層される。防眩層３は、いわゆるカバーガラスである。防眩層３はガラス基板であり、ガラス基板が凹凸を含む。 Next, the antiglare layer 3 will be described. The antiglare layer 3 includes a first main surface 3a including irregularities and a second main surface 3b opposite to the first main surface 3a, and the second main surface 3b is directed toward the display 2 and is above the display 2. Is laminated to. The antiglare layer 3 is a so-called cover glass. The antiglare layer 3 is a glass substrate, and the glass substrate includes irregularities.
　凹凸は、例えば、ガラス基板の表面のフロスト処理、エッチング処理、及びブラスト処理から選ばれる少なくとも１つによって形成される。凹凸によって、光の反射方向を分散でき、周囲の物体又は照明等の映り込みを抑制できる。凹凸は、第１主面３ａに形成され、第２主面３ｂには形成されない。第２主面３ｂは、第１主面３ａに凹凸を形成する際に、マスクで保護される。但し、凹凸は、第２主面３ｂにも形成されてもよい。 The unevenness is formed by, for example, at least one selected from a frost treatment, an etching treatment, and a blast treatment on the surface of the glass substrate. The unevenness can disperse the reflection direction of light and suppress the reflection of surrounding objects or lighting. The unevenness is formed on the first main surface 3a and not on the second main surface 3b. The second main surface 3b is protected by a mask when forming irregularities on the first main surface 3a. However, the unevenness may also be formed on the second main surface 3b.
　なお、本実施形態の防眩層３はガラス基板であり、そのガラス基板が凹凸を含むが、防眩層３はガラス基板とコーティング層とを含み、コーティング層が凹凸を含んでもよい。コーティング液の塗布及び焼成によって、凹凸が形成される。以下、防眩層３のガラス基板を、単にガラス基板とも表記する。 The antiglare layer 3 of the present embodiment is a glass substrate, and the glass substrate contains irregularities, but the antiglare layer 3 includes a glass substrate and a coating layer, and the coating layer may include irregularities. Unevenness is formed by applying and firing the coating liquid. Hereinafter, the glass substrate of the antiglare layer 3 is also simply referred to as a glass substrate.
　ガラス基板は、フロート法、フュージョン法、又はダウンドロー法等により成形される。ガラス基板は、曲げ加工されてもよい。また、ガラス基板は、強化ガラスでもよい。強化ガラスは、風冷強化ガラス、又は化学強化ガラスである。 The glass substrate is formed by a float method, a fusion method, a down draw method, or the like. The glass substrate may be bent. Further, the glass substrate may be tempered glass. The tempered glass is air-cooled tempered glass or chemically tempered glass.
　ガラス基板の厚さは、例えば０．０５ｍｍ～３ｍｍである。ガラス基板が強化ガラスであれば、ガラス基板の厚さを低減しつつ、ガラス基板の強度を確保できる。ガラス基板のガラスは、例えばソーダライムガラス、ホウケイ酸ガラス、アルミノシリケートガラス、又は無アルカリガラスである。これらの中でも、アルミノシリケートガラスが好ましい。 The thickness of the glass substrate is, for example, 0.05 mm to 3 mm. If the glass substrate is tempered glass, the strength of the glass substrate can be ensured while reducing the thickness of the glass substrate. The glass of the glass substrate is, for example, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, or non-alkali glass. Among these, aluminosilicate glass is preferable.
　なお、防眩層３は、ガラス基板の代わりに、又はガラス基板に加えて、樹脂基板を含んでもよい。樹脂基板は、フレキシブル性に優れる。 The antiglare layer 3 may include a resin substrate instead of the glass substrate or in addition to the glass substrate. The resin substrate has excellent flexibility.
　防眩層３は、２０°反射像拡散性指標値Ｒｂ２０°と４５°反射像拡散性指標値Ｒｂ４５°との差ΔＲｂ（ΔＲｂ＝Ｒｂ２０°－Ｒｂ４５°）が０．０５以上である。ΔＲｂは、日本電色工業社製の変角光度計ＧＣ－５０００Ｌにより測定する。ΔＲｂの測定方法は、特許文献１に記載の測定方法と同様であり、具体的には下記の通りである。 The antiglare layer 3 has a difference ΔRb (ΔRb = Rb20 ° −Rb45 °) between the 20 ° reflection image diffusivity index value Rb20 ° and the 45 ° reflection image diffusivity index value Rb45 ° of 0.05 or more. ΔRb is measured by a variable angle photometer GC-5000L manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd. The method for measuring ΔRb is the same as the measuring method described in Patent Document 1, and is specifically as follows.
　先ず、Ｒｂ２０°の測定方法を説明する。Ｒｂ２０°の測定では、Ｒ２０°の測定とは異なり、防眩層３単体で測定し、防眩層３の第２主面３ｂに黒色膜を施す。その状態で、防眩層３の第１主面３ａに対して光を照射し、その反射光の輝度を検出器で検出する。防眩層３の厚さ方向と平行な方向の角度φを０゜とすると、φ＝２０°の角度で光を照射する。φ＝－２０°で検出される正反射光の輝度をＲｂ２０°＿１とし、φ＝－５０°～＋１０°の全範囲で検出される反射光の輝度の合計値をＲｂ２０°＿２とすると、下記式（２）によりＲｂ２０°が算出される。
Ｒｂ２０°＝（Ｒｂ２０°＿２－Ｒｂ２０°＿１）／（Ｒｂ２０°＿２）・・・（２）
ここで、検出器は、防眩層３の第１主面３ａにおける光の照射点を中心に、同一平面内で１°刻みで回転させ、１°刻みで輝度を検出する。検出器の回転角度が、上記角度φである。 First, a method for measuring Rb20 ° will be described. In the measurement of Rb20 °, unlike the measurement of R20 °, the antiglare layer 3 is measured alone, and a black film is applied to the second main surface 3b of the antiglare layer 3. In that state, the first main surface 3a of the antiglare layer 3 is irradiated with light, and the brightness of the reflected light is detected by the detector. Assuming that the angle φ in the direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 3 is 0 °, light is irradiated at an angle of φ = 20 °. Assuming that the brightness of the specularly reflected light detected at φ = -20 ° is Rb20 ° _1 and the total brightness of the reflected light detected in the entire range of φ = -50 ° to + 10 ° is Rb20 ° _1, the following is assumed. Rb20 ° is calculated by the equation (2).
Rb20 ° = (Rb20 ° _2-Rb20 ° _1) / (Rb20 ° _2) ... (2)
Here, the detector rotates the light irradiation point on the first main surface 3a of the antiglare layer 3 in 1 ° increments in the same plane, and detects the brightness in 1 ° increments. The rotation angle of the detector is the above angle φ.
　次に、Ｒｂ４５°の測定方法を説明する。防眩層３の第２主面３ｂに黒色膜を施した状態で、防眩層３の第１主面３ａに対して光を照射し、その反射光の輝度を検出器で検出する。防眩層３の厚さ方向と平行な方向の角度φを０゜とすると、φ＝４５°の角度で光を照射する。φ＝－４５°で検出される正反射光の輝度をＲｂ４５°＿１とし、φ＝―７５°～－１５°の全範囲で検出される反射光の輝度の合計値をＲｂ４５°＿２とすると、下記式（３）によりＲｂ４５°が算出される。
Ｒｂ４５°＝（Ｒｂ４５°＿２－Ｒｂ４５°＿１）／（Ｒｂ４５°＿２）・・・（３）
ここで、検出器は、防眩層３の第１主面３ａにおける光の照射点を中心に、同一平面内で１°刻みで回転させ、１°刻みで輝度を検出する。検出器の回転角度が、上記角度φである。 Next, a method for measuring Rb45 ° will be described. With the second main surface 3b of the antiglare layer 3 coated with a black film, the first main surface 3a of the antiglare layer 3 is irradiated with light, and the brightness of the reflected light is detected by a detector. Assuming that the angle φ in the direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 3 is 0 °, light is irradiated at an angle of φ = 45 °. Assuming that the brightness of the specularly reflected light detected at φ = −45 ° is Rb45 ° _1 and the total brightness of the reflected light detected in the entire range of φ = −75 ° to −15 ° is Rb45 ° _2. Rb45 ° is calculated by the following equation (3).
Rb45 ° = (Rb45 ° _2-Rb45 ° _1) / (Rb45 ° _2) ... (3)
Here, the detector rotates the light irradiation point on the first main surface 3a of the antiglare layer 3 in 1 ° increments in the same plane, and detects the brightness in 1 ° increments. The rotation angle of the detector is the above angle φ.
　ΔＲｂは、例えば０．０５～０．２５であり、好ましくは０．０７～０．２０である。ΔＲｂが０．０５以上であれば、透過像鮮明性とＳｐａｒｋｌｅ性能の両方に優れた防眩層３が得られる。透過像鮮明性は、下記の鮮明性指標値Ｃで表される。また、Ｓｐａｒｋｌｅ性能は、下記のギラツキ指標値Ｓで表される。 ΔRb is, for example, 0.05 to 0.25, preferably 0.07 to 0.20. When ΔRb is 0.05 or more, the antiglare layer 3 having excellent both transmitted image sharpness and Sparkle performance can be obtained. The transmission image sharpness is represented by the following sharpness index value C. Further, the Sparkle performance is represented by the following glare index value S.
　防眩層３は、鮮明性指標値Ｃが例えば０．７０以上である。Ｃは、日本電色工業社製の変角光度計ＧＣ－５０００Ｌにより測定する。Ｃの測定方法は、特許文献２に記載の「Ｃｌａｒｉｔｙ」の測定方法と同様であり、具体的には下記の通りである。なお、Ｃを測定する際には、Ｒｂ２０°を測定する際とは異なり、防眩層３の第２主面３ｂに黒色膜を施さない。先ず、防眩層３の第２主面３ｂに対向配置される光源から、防眩層３の厚さ方向と平行な方向に、光を防眩層３の第２主面３ｂに照射し、その透過光の輝度を検出器で検出する。防眩層３の厚さ方向と平行な方向の角度θを０°とする。θ＝０°で検出される透過光の輝度をＣ１とし、θ＝－９０°～９０°の全範囲で検出される透過光の輝度の合計値をＣ２とする場合に、下記式（４）によりＣが算出される。
Ｃ＝Ｃ１／Ｃ２・・・（４）
ここで、検出器は、防眩層３の第２主面３ｂにおける光の照射点を中心に、同一平面内で１°刻みで回転させ、１°刻みで輝度を検出する。検出器の回転角度が、上記角度θである。 The antiglare layer 3 has a sharpness index value C of, for example, 0.70 or more. C is measured by a variable angle photometer GC-5000L manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd. The method for measuring C is the same as the method for measuring "Clarity" described in Patent Document 2, and the specifics are as follows. When measuring C, unlike the case of measuring Rb20 °, the black film is not applied to the second main surface 3b of the antiglare layer 3. First, a light source arranged to face the second main surface 3b of the antiglare layer 3 irradiates the second main surface 3b of the antiglare layer 3 with light in a direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 3. The brightness of the transmitted light is detected by the detector. The angle θ in the direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer 3 is 0 °. When the brightness of the transmitted light detected at θ = 0 ° is C1, and the total value of the brightness of the transmitted light detected in the entire range of θ = −90 ° to 90 ° is C2, the following equation (4) C is calculated by.
C = C1 / C2 ... (4)
Here, the detector rotates the light irradiation point on the second main surface 3b of the antiglare layer 3 in 1 ° increments in the same plane, and detects the brightness in 1 ° increments. The rotation angle of the detector is the above angle θ.
　Ｃは、例えば０．７０以上１．００未満であり、好ましくは０．９０以上１．００未満である。Ｃが０．７０以上であれば、透過像鮮明性が良好である。 C is, for example, 0.70 or more and less than 1.00, preferably 0.90 or more and less than 1.00. When C is 0.70 or more, the transmission image sharpness is good.
　防眩層３は、ギラツキ指標値Ｓが例えば８．００％未満である。Ｓの測定方法は、特許文献２、３に記載の測定方法と同様であり、具体的には下記の通りである。バックライトの発光面の上に、フォトマスクとしてＤ＆ＭＳ社製のＳＭＳ―１０００に付属のＰｉｘｅｌ　Ｐａｔｔｅｒｎを、そのパターン面を上向きにして設置する。フォトマスクのパターン面の上に０．５ｍｍ厚のガラス板（例えばＡＧＣ社製、ソーダライムガラス板）を設置し、更にその上に、防眩層３を、その第１主面３ａを上向きにして設置する。発光色が緑色のバックライトの発光面の上に前記フォトマスクを設置することで、ＲＧＢ（０，２５５，０）で構成される緑単色の画像表示を模擬した状態で、ＤＭ＆Ｓ社製の評価装置ＳＭＳ－１０００のカメラにより、防眩層３を介してフォトマスクのパターン面の１９０ｄｐｉの領域を撮像する。評価装置の画像解析により求められるＳｐａｒｋｌｅ値がＳである。ここでは、ＤＩＭ（Ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ　Ｉｍａｇｅ　Ｍｅｔｈｏｄ）モードで測定を行う。カメラの撮像素子と防眩層３との間の距離は５４０ｍｍである。カメラのレンズは、焦点距離が５０ｍｍの２３ＦＭ５０ＳＰレンズを絞り１６で使用する。 The glare index value S of the antiglare layer 3 is, for example, less than 8.00%. The measuring method of S is the same as the measuring method described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, and is specifically as follows. On the light emitting surface of the backlight, Pixel Pattern attached to SMS-1000 manufactured by D & MS is installed as a photomask with its pattern surface facing up. A glass plate with a thickness of 0.5 mm (for example, a soda lime glass plate manufactured by AGC) is installed on the pattern surface of the photomask, and the antiglare layer 3 is placed on the glass plate with the first main surface 3a facing upward. To install. Evaluation by DM & S Co., Ltd. in a state of simulating a single green image display composed of RGB (0,255,0) by installing the photomask on the light emitting surface of a backlight whose light emitting color is green. The camera of the apparatus SMS-1000 captures an area of 190 dpi of the pattern surface of the photomask through the antiglare layer 3. The Sparkle value obtained by image analysis of the evaluation device is S. Here, the measurement is performed in the DIM (Difference Image Method) mode. The distance between the image sensor of the camera and the antiglare layer 3 is 540 mm. As the camera lens, a 23FM50SP lens having a focal length of 50 mm is used at the aperture 16.
　Ｓは、例えば０．００％以上８．００％未満であり、好ましくは０％以上５．００％未満、より好ましくは４．００％未満、さらに好ましくは３．００％未満である。Ｓが８．００％未満であれば、ギラツキが抑制される。 S is, for example, 0.00% or more and less than 8.00%, preferably 0% or more and less than 5.00%, more preferably less than 4.00%, and further preferably less than 3.00%. If S is less than 8.00%, glare is suppressed.
　防眩層３は、ヘイズ値が例えば５％～３０％である。ヘイズ値は、市販の測定装置で測定する。測定装置及び測定条件は、例えば下記の通りである。測定装置：スガ試験機ヘイズメーターＨＺ－Ｖ３測定条件：日本工業規格（ＪＩＳ　Ｋ　７１３６：２０００）に準拠し、Ｃ光源を使用して測定する。 The antiglare layer 3 has a haze value of, for example, 5% to 30%. The haze value is measured with a commercially available measuring device. The measuring device and measuring conditions are as follows, for example. Measuring device: Suga tester Haze meter HZ-V3 Measurement conditions: Based on Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS K 7136: 2000), measurement is performed using a C light source.
　ヘイズ値は、例えば５％～３０％であり、好ましくは５％～２０％、より好ましくは５～１５％、さらに好ましくは５～１０％である。ヘイズ値が３０％以下であれば、透過像の鮮明性が良好である。 The haze value is, for example, 5% to 30%, preferably 5% to 20%, more preferably 5 to 15%, and even more preferably 5 to 10%. When the haze value is 30% or less, the sharpness of the transmitted image is good.
　次に、図２を参照して、変形例に係るディスプレイユニット１について説明する。以下、主に相違点について説明する。本変形例のディスプレイ２は、液晶ディスプレイではなく、有機ＥＬディスプレイである。ディスプレイ２は、防眩層３側から、タッチセンサ４１と、円偏光子４２と、第１基板４３と、発光層４４と、第２基板４５とを、この順番で含む。 Next, the display unit 1 according to the modified example will be described with reference to FIG. The differences will be mainly described below. The display 2 of this modification is not a liquid crystal display but an organic EL display. The display 2 includes the touch sensor 41, the circularly polarizing element 42, the first substrate 43, the light emitting layer 44, and the second substrate 45 in this order from the antiglare layer 3 side.
　タッチセンサ４１は、上記実施形態のタッチセンサ２１と同様であるので、説明を省略する。 Since the touch sensor 41 is the same as the touch sensor 21 of the above embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.
　円偏光子４２は、外光の反射を抑制する。円偏光子４２は、例えば直線偏光子と１／４波長膜とを含む。なお、円偏光子４２は任意の構成であって、ディスプレイ２は円偏光子４２を含まなくてもよい。 The circular polarizing element 42 suppresses the reflection of external light. The circular polarizing element 42 includes, for example, a linear polarizing element and a quarter wavelength film. The circular polarizing element 42 has an arbitrary configuration, and the display 2 does not have to include the circular polarizing element 42.
　第１基板４３は、例えば、ガラス基板又は樹脂基板と、透明電極とを含む。発光層４４で発生した光は、透明電極を透過する。 The first substrate 43 includes, for example, a glass substrate or a resin substrate and a transparent electrode. The light generated in the light emitting layer 44 passes through the transparent electrode.
　発光層４４は、例えば、赤色発光層と、緑色発光層と、青色発光層と含む。なお、発光層４４は白色発光層を含んでもよい。白色発光層は、カラーフィルターと組み合わせて用いられる。発光層４４には、画素毎に電圧が印可される。電圧の印可によって、発光層４４が発光する。 The light emitting layer 44 includes, for example, a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, and a blue light emitting layer. The light emitting layer 44 may include a white light emitting layer. The white light emitting layer is used in combination with a color filter. A voltage is applied to the light emitting layer 44 for each pixel. The light emitting layer 44 emits light depending on the application of voltage.
　第２基板４５は、例えば、ガラス基板又は樹脂基板と、反射電極とを含む。発光層４４で発生した光は、反射電極で反射され、発光層４４及び透明電極を透過する。 The second substrate 45 includes, for example, a glass substrate or a resin substrate and a reflective electrode. The light generated in the light emitting layer 44 is reflected by the reflective electrode and passes through the light emitting layer 44 and the transparent electrode.
　なお、ディスプレイ２は、図２に示す構造には限定されない。ディスプレイ２の光取り出し方式は、トップエミッション方式、ボトムエミッション方式のいずれでもよい。また、第１基板４３と発光層４４の間、又は第２基板４５と発光層４４の間には、正孔注入層、正孔輸送層、電子輸送層、又は電子注入層等の各種の機能層が配置されてもよい。 Note that the display 2 is not limited to the structure shown in FIG. The light extraction method of the display 2 may be either a top emission method or a bottom emission method. Further, various functions such as a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, or an electron injection layer are provided between the first substrate 43 and the light emitting layer 44, or between the second substrate 45 and the light emitting layer 44. Layers may be arranged.
　ディスプレイ２の最上層は、図２ではタッチセンサ４１である。なお、タッチセンサ４１が無い場合には、ディスプレイ２の最上層は、円偏光子４２である。円偏光子４２も無い場合には、ディスプレイ２の最上層は、第１基板４３である。 The top layer of the display 2 is the touch sensor 41 in FIG. In the absence of the touch sensor 41, the uppermost layer of the display 2 is a circular polarizing element 42. In the absence of the circular polarizing element 42, the uppermost layer of the display 2 is the first substrate 43.
　本変形例においても、上記実施形態と同様に、Ｒ＿ｉｎｔが３．０％以下であるディスプレイ２と、ΔＲｂが０．０５以上である防眩層３とを組み合わせることで、ディスプレイユニット１の防眩性を向上できる。なお、Ｒ＿ｉｎｔが３．０％以下であっても、ΔＲｂが０．０５未満であれば、ディスプレイユニット１の防眩性は十分に向上しない。 Also in this modification, as in the above embodiment, by combining the display 2 having R_int of 3.0% or less and the antiglare layer 3 having ΔRb of 0.05 or more, the antiglare layer 1 of the display unit 1 is used. Can improve sex. Even if R_int is 3.0% or less, if ΔRb is less than 0.05, the antiglare property of the display unit 1 is not sufficiently improved.
　また、本変形例においても、上記実施形態と同様に、防眩層３は、ヘイズ値が例えば５％～３０％である。また、防眩層３は、鮮明性指標値Ｃが例えば０．７０以上である。更に、防眩層３は、ギラツキ指標値Ｓが例えば８．００％未満である。 Further, also in this modification, the haze value of the antiglare layer 3 is, for example, 5% to 30%, as in the above embodiment. Further, the antiglare layer 3 has a sharpness index value C of, for example, 0.70 or more. Further, the antiglare layer 3 has a glare index value S of, for example, less than 8.00%.
　以下、実施例１～５及び比較例１～３について説明する。 Hereinafter, Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 will be described.
　［実施例１］
　ガラス基板（ＡＧＣ社製、ソーダライムガラス板：１００ｍｍ×１００ｍｍ×０．７ｍｍ）の第１主面に対して、防眩処理を行い、防眩層を得た。防眩処理として、フロスト処理と、エッチング処理とをこの順番で行った。ガラス基板の第２主面には、フロスト処理前にマスク用のフィルム（日東電工社製ＳＰＶ－３６２０）を貼り付けた。マスク用のフィルムは、エッチング処理後に取り外した。 [Example 1]
The first main surface of a glass substrate (soda lime glass plate manufactured by AGC: 100 mm × 100 mm × 0.7 mm) was subjected to antiglare treatment to obtain an antiglare layer. As the antiglare treatment, the frost treatment and the etching treatment were performed in this order. A mask film (SPV-3620 manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation) was attached to the second main surface of the glass substrate before the frost treatment. The mask film was removed after etching.
　フロスト処理の処理条件は、下記の通りであった。
・フロスト処理液（ＨＦを２ｗｔ％含み且つＫＦを３ｗｔ％含む水溶液）
・フロスト処理液への浸漬時間：３［ｍｉｎ］
フロスト処理の後、エッチング処理の前に、ガラス基板を洗浄した。 The processing conditions for the frost treatment were as follows.
Frost treatment liquid (an aqueous solution containing 2 wt% HF and 3 wt% KF)
・ Immersion time in frost treatment liquid: 3 [min]
After the frost treatment and before the etching treatment, the glass substrate was washed.
　エッチング処理の処理条件は、下記の通りであった。
・エッチング処理液（ＨＦを７．５ｗｔ％含み且つＨＣｌを７．５ｗｔ％含む水溶液）
・エッチング処理液への浸漬時間：１８［ｍｉｎ］。 The processing conditions for the etching process were as follows.
・ Etching treatment liquid (an aqueous solution containing 7.5 wt% of HF and 7.5 wt% of HCl)
-Immersion time in the etching treatment liquid: 18 [min].
　防眩層と組み合わせる模擬的なディスプレイ（Ｒ２０°を測定する時に用いる模擬的なディスプレイ）として、防眩層のガラス基板とは別のガラス基板（ＡＧＣ社製、Ｄｒａｇｏｎｔｒａｉｌ：１００ｍｍ×１００ｍｍ×０．７ｍｍ）と、酸化チタン膜と、偏光フィルム（日東電工社製、ＮＰＦ）とをこの順番で積層した積層体を作製した。この積層体の２つの主面のうち、ガラス基板側の主面には黒色膜を施した。黒色膜は、黒マジック（三菱鉛筆社製、ペイントマーカー、ＰＸ－３０（黒））で形成した。酸化チタン膜は、ガラス基板上にスパッタリング法で形成した。酸化チタン膜の膜厚は７．０ｎｍであった。 As a simulated display to be combined with the antiglare layer (simulated display used when measuring R20 °), a glass substrate different from the glass substrate of the antiglare layer (AGC, Dragontrail: 100 mm × 100 mm × 0.7 mm). ), A titanium oxide film, and a polarizing film (manufactured by Nitto Denko KK, NPF) were laminated in this order to prepare a laminated body. Of the two main surfaces of this laminate, the main surface on the glass substrate side was coated with a black film. The black film was formed by black magic (manufactured by Mitsubishi Pencil Co., Ltd., paint marker, PX-30 (black)). The titanium oxide film was formed on a glass substrate by a sputtering method. The film thickness of the titanium oxide film was 7.0 nm.
　模擬的なディスプレイの偏光フィルムと防眩層とを向かい合わせて、偏光フィルムと防眩層とをＯＣＡ（タイカ社製、ＯＰＴαＧＥＬ、Ｋ１２０Ｅ、０．２ｍｍ厚）で接着し、Ｒ２０°測定用のディスプレイユニットを作製した。 The polarizing film of the simulated display and the antiglare layer are faced to each other, and the polarizing film and the antiglare layer are adhered with OCA (Taica, OPTαGEL, K120E, 0.2 mm thick), and the display for R20 ° measurement. The unit was made.
　［実施例２～３、比較例１］
　実施例２～３及び比較例１では、実施例１と同じ条件で、防眩層を作製した。 [Examples 2 to 3, Comparative Example 1]
In Examples 2 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, an antiglare layer was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1.
　実施例２～３では、防眩層と組み合わせる模擬的なディスプレイは、内部反射率Ｒ＿ｉｎｔを変更すべく、酸化チタン膜の膜厚を変更した以外、同じ条件で作製した。具体的には、実施例２では、酸化チタン膜の膜厚は１０.５ｎｍであった。また、実施例３では、酸化チタン膜をガラス基板上に成膜することなく、酸化チタン膜を介さずにガラス基材と偏光フィルムとを積層した。 In Examples 2 and 3, the simulated display combined with the antiglare layer was produced under the same conditions except that the film thickness of the titanium oxide film was changed in order to change the internal reflectance R_int. Specifically, in Example 2, the film thickness of the titanium oxide film was 10.5 nm. Further, in Example 3, the glass substrate and the polarizing film were laminated without forming a titanium oxide film on the glass substrate and without passing through the titanium oxide film.
　比較例１では、防眩層と組み合わせる模擬的なディスプレイは、内部反射率Ｒ＿ｉｎｔを変更すべく、酸化チタン膜をガラス基板上に成膜することなく、酸化チタン膜を介さずにガラス基材と偏光フィルムとを積層し、且つ、積層体のガラス基板側の主面に黒色膜を施さなかった。 In Comparative Example 1, in the simulated display combined with the antiglare layer, in order to change the internal reflectance R_int, the titanium oxide film was not formed on the glass substrate, and the glass substrate was used without the titanium oxide film. The polarizing film was laminated, and no black film was applied to the main surface of the laminated body on the glass substrate side.
　［実施例４～５、比較例２～３］
　実施例４～５及び比較例２～３では、防眩層は、凹凸形状を変更すべく、防眩処理の処理条件を変更した以外、実施例１と同じ条件で作製した。 [Examples 4 to 5, Comparative Examples 2 to 3]
In Examples 4 to 5 and Comparative Examples 2 to 3, the antiglare layer was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the treatment conditions for the antiglare treatment were changed in order to change the uneven shape.
　実施例４～５及び比較例２～３では、防眩層と組み合わせる模擬的なディスプレイは、実施例１と同じ条件で作製した。 In Examples 4 to 5 and Comparative Examples 2 to 3, a simulated display to be combined with the antiglare layer was produced under the same conditions as in Example 1.
　［評価］
　＜ΔＲｂ＞
　各防眩層のΔＲｂは、既述の通り測定した。 [evaluation]
<ΔRb>
ΔRb of each antiglare layer was measured as described above.
　＜鮮明性指標値Ｃ＞
　各防眩層の鮮明性指標値Ｃは、既述の通り測定した。Ｃは、０．９０以上を「良」と評価し、０．７０以上０．９０未満を「可」と評価し、０．７０未満を「不可」と評価した。「良」及び「可」が合格であり、「不可」が不合格である。 <Clarity index value C>
The sharpness index value C of each antiglare layer was measured as described above. C evaluated 0.90 or more as "good", 0.70 or more and less than 0.90 as "possible", and evaluated less than 0.70 as "impossible". "Good" and "OK" are pass, and "No" is fail.
　＜ヘイズ値＞
　各防眩層のヘイズ値は、既述の通り測定した。 <Haze value>
The haze value of each antiglare layer was measured as described above.
　＜内部反射率Ｒ＿ｉｎｔ＞
　各ディスプレイの内部反射率Ｒ＿ｉｎｔは、既述の通り測定した。なお、Ｒ＿ｓｕｒｆは、模擬的なディスプレイで使用した偏光フィルムと同じものを用意し、用意した偏光フィルムの片面に黒色膜を施した状態で、偏光フィルムの反対面に対して、幾何条件ｄ（８°：ｄｉ）で測定した視感反射率とした。黒色膜は、黒マジック（三菱鉛筆社製、ペイントマーカー、ＰＸ－３０（黒））で形成した。 <Internal reflectance R_int>
The internal reflectance R_int of each display was measured as described above. For R_surf, the same polarizing film used in the simulated display was prepared, and with a black film applied to one side of the prepared polarizing film, the geometric condition d (8) was applied to the opposite surface of the polarizing film. °: The visual reflectance measured in di) was used. The black film was formed by black magic (manufactured by Mitsubishi Pencil Co., Ltd., paint marker, PX-30 (black)).
　＜防眩性指標値Ｒ２０°＞
　各ディスプレイユニットの防眩性指標値Ｒ２０°は、既述の通り測定した。Ｒ２０°は、０．８０以上を「良」と評価し、０．６０以上０．８０未満を「可」と評価し、０．６０未満を「不可」と評価した。「良」及び「可」が合格であり、「不可」が不合格である。 <Anti-glare index value R20 °>
The antiglare index value R20 ° of each display unit was measured as described above. For R20 °, 0.80 or more was evaluated as “good”, 0.60 or more and less than 0.80 was evaluated as “possible”, and less than 0.60 was evaluated as “impossible”. "Good" and "OK" are pass, and "No" is fail.
　＜ギラツキ指標値Ｓ＞
　各防眩層のギラツキ指標値Ｓを測定すべく、防眩層とガラス板とフォトマスクとバックライトとをこの順番で含む模擬的なディスプレイユニットを作製した。バックライトとしては、アイテックシステム社製のＴＭＮ１５０Ｘ１８０－２２ＧＤ－４を用いた。ギラツキ指標値Ｓの測定方法は、既述の通りである。 <Glitter index value S>
In order to measure the glare index value S of each antiglare layer, a simulated display unit including the antiglare layer, a glass plate, a photomask, and a backlight was prepared in this order. As the backlight, TMN150X180-22GD-4 manufactured by Aitec System Co., Ltd. was used. The method for measuring the glare index value S is as described above.
　ギラツキ指標値Ｓは、０．００％以上８．００％未満を「良」と評価し、８．００％以上を「不可」と評価した。「良」が合格であり、「不可」が不合格である。 As for the glare index value S, 0.00% or more and less than 8.00% was evaluated as "good", and 8.00% or more was evaluated as "impossible". "Good" is a pass and "impossible" is a failure.
　＜評価結果＞
　表１に、評価結果を示す。 <Evaluation result>
Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
 　実施例１と比較例１とを比較すれば明らかなように、Ｒ＿ｉｎｔが３．０％以下であるディスプレイと、ΔＲｂが０．０５以上である防眩層とを組み合わせることで、ディスプレイユニットの防眩性指標値Ｒ２０°が良好になることが分かる。また、比較例２～３から、Ｒ＿ｉｎｔが３．０％以下であっても、ΔＲｂが０．０５未満であれば、ディスプレイユニットの防眩性指標値Ｒ２０°が不良になることが分かる。更に、実施例１～３から、ΔＲｂが０．０５以上であれば、Ｒ＿ｉｎｔが小さいほど、Ｒ２０°が大きく、防眩性に優れたディスプレイユニットが得られることが分かる。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
 As is clear from a comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, a display having an R_int of 3.0% or less and an antiglare layer having a ΔRb of 0.05 or more are combined to prevent the display unit. It can be seen that the glare index value R20 ° becomes good. Further, from Comparative Examples 2 to 3, it can be seen that even if R_int is 3.0% or less, if ΔRb is less than 0.05, the antiglare index value R20 ° of the display unit becomes defective. Further, from Examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that when ΔRb is 0.05 or more, the smaller R_int is, the larger R20 ° is, and a display unit having excellent anti-glare properties can be obtained.
　以上、本開示に係るディスプレイユニットについて説明したが、本開示は上記実施形態などに限定されない。特許請求の範囲に記載された範疇内において、各種の変更、修正、置換、付加、削除、及び組み合わせが可能である。それらについても当然に本開示の技術的範囲に属する。 Although the display unit according to the present disclosure has been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment or the like. Various changes, modifications, replacements, additions, deletions, and combinations are possible within the scope of the claims. Of course, they also belong to the technical scope of the present disclosure.
　本出願は、２０２０年７月３１日に日本国特許庁に出願した特願２０２０－１３０４６７号に基づく優先権を主張するものであり、特願２０２０－１３０４６７号の全内容を本出願に援用する。 This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-130467 filed with the Japan Patent Office on July 31, 2020, and the entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-130467 are incorporated into this application. ..
１　　ディスプレイユニット
２　　ディスプレイ
２４　液晶層
３　　防眩層
３ａ　第１主面
３ｂ　第２主面 1 Display unit 2 Display 24 Liquid crystal layer 3 Anti-glare layer 3a 1st main surface 3b 2nd main surface

Claims (7)

  1. 　ディスプレイと、防眩層と、を有する、ディスプレイユニットであって、
    　前記防眩層は、凹凸を含む第１主面と前記第１主面とは反対向きの第２主面とを含み、前記第２主面を前記ディスプレイに向けて前記ディスプレイの上に積層され、
    　前記防眩層は、下記の２０°反射像拡散性指標値Ｒｂ２０°と下記の４５°反射像拡散性指標値Ｒｂ４５°との差ΔＲｂ（ΔＲｂ＝Ｒｂ２０°－Ｒｂ４５°）が０．０５以上であり、
    　前記ディスプレイは、下記の内部反射率Ｒ＿ｉｎｔが３．０％以下である、ディスプレイユニット。
    　内部反射率Ｒ＿ｉｎｔ：前記ディスプレイの前記防眩層が形成される主面に対して、ＪＩＳ　Ｚ８７２２：２００９に準拠して、幾何条件ｄ（８°：ｄｉ）で測定した視感反射率をＲ＿ｄｉｐとする。また、前記ディスプレイの前記防眩層に最も近い最上層を剥離し、前記最上層の剥離面に黒色膜を施した状態で、前記最上層の前記防眩層が形成される主面に対してＪＩＳ　Ｚ８７２２：２００９に準拠して、幾何条件ｄ（８°：ｄｉ）で測定した視感反射率をＲ＿ｓｕｒｆとする。下記式（１）によりＲ＿ｉｎｔが算出される。
    Ｒ＿ｉｎｔ＝Ｒ＿ｄｉｐ－Ｒ＿ｓｕｒｆ・・・（１）
    　２０°反射像拡散性指標値Ｒｂ２０°：日本電色工業社製の変角光度計ＧＣ－５０００Ｌを用い、前記防眩層の前記第２主面に黒色膜を施した状態で、前記防眩層の前記第１主面に対して光を照射し、その反射光の輝度を検出器で検出する。前記防眩層の厚さ方向と平行な方向の角度φを０゜とすると、φ＝２０°の角度で光を照射する。φ＝－２０°で検出される正反射光の輝度をＲｂ２０°＿１とし、φ＝－５０°～＋１０°の全範囲で検出される反射光の輝度の合計値をＲｂ２０°＿２とすると、下記式（２）によりＲｂ２０°が算出される。
    Ｒｂ２０°＝（Ｒｂ２０°＿２－Ｒｂ２０°＿１）／（Ｒｂ２０°＿２）・・・（２）
    　４５°反射像拡散性指標値Ｒｂ４５°：日本電色工業社製の変角光度計ＧＣ－５０００Ｌを用い、前記防眩層の前記第２主面に黒色膜を施した状態で、前記防眩層の前記第１主面に対して光を照射し、その反射光の輝度を検出器で検出する。前記防眩層の厚さ方向と平行な方向の角度φを０゜とすると、角度φ＝４５°の角度で光を照射する。φ＝－４５°で検出される正反射光の輝度をＲｂ４５°＿１とし、φ＝－７５°～―１５°の全範囲で検出される反射光の輝度の合計値をＲｂ４５°＿２とすると、下記式（３）によりＲｂ４５°が算出される。
    Ｒｂ４５°＝（Ｒｂ４５°＿２－Ｒｂ４５°＿１）／（Ｒｂ４５°＿２）・・・（３）     A display unit having a display and an antiglare layer.
    The antiglare layer includes a first main surface including irregularities and a second main surface opposite to the first main surface, and the second main surface is laminated on the display with the second main surface facing the display. ,
    In the antiglare layer, the difference ΔRb (ΔRb = Rb20 ° −Rb45 °) between the following 20 ° reflection image diffusivity index value Rb20 ° and the following 45 ° reflection image diffusivity index value Rb45 ° is 0.05 or more. can be,
    The display is a display unit having the following internal reflectance R_int of 3.0% or less.
    Internal reflectance R_int: The visual reflectance measured under geometric condition d (8 °: di) with respect to the main surface of the display on which the antiglare layer is formed is defined as R_dip in accordance with JIS Z8722: 2009. do. Further, with respect to the main surface on which the antiglare layer of the uppermost layer is formed in a state where the uppermost layer closest to the antiglare layer of the display is peeled off and a black film is applied to the peeled surface of the uppermost layer. According to JIS Z8722: 2009, the visual reflectance measured under the geometric condition d (8 °: di) is defined as R_surf. R_int is calculated by the following formula (1).
    R_int = R_dip-R_surf ... (1)
    20 ° Reflection image Diffusivity index value Rb 20 °: Using a variable-angle photometer GC-5000L manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd., the antiglare layer is provided with a black film on the second main surface of the antiglare layer. The first main surface of the layer is irradiated with light, and the brightness of the reflected light is detected by a detector. Assuming that the angle φ in the direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer is 0 °, light is irradiated at an angle of φ = 20 °. Assuming that the brightness of the specularly reflected light detected at φ = -20 ° is Rb20 ° _1 and the total brightness of the reflected light detected in the entire range of φ = -50 ° to + 10 ° is Rb20 ° _1, the following is assumed. Rb20 ° is calculated by the equation (2).
    Rb20 ° = (Rb20 ° _2-Rb20 ° _1) / (Rb20 ° _2) ... (2)
    45 ° Reflection image Diffusivity index value Rb 45 °: Using a variable-angle photometer GC-5000L manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd., the antiglare layer is provided with a black film on the second main surface of the antiglare layer. The first main surface of the layer is irradiated with light, and the brightness of the reflected light is detected by a detector. Assuming that the angle φ in the direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer is 0 °, light is irradiated at an angle φ = 45 °. Assuming that the brightness of the specularly reflected light detected at φ = −45 ° is Rb45 ° _1 and the total brightness of the reflected light detected in the entire range of φ = −75 ° to -15 ° is Rb45 ° _1 Rb45 ° is calculated by the following equation (3).
    Rb45 ° = (Rb45 ° _2-Rb45 ° _1) / (Rb45 ° _2) ... (3)
  2. 　前記防眩層は、ヘイズ値が５％～３０％である、請求項１に記載のディスプレイユニット。 The display unit according to claim 1, wherein the antiglare layer has a haze value of 5% to 30%.
  3. 　前記防眩層は、下記の鮮明性指標値Ｃが０．７０以上である、請求項１又は２に記載のディスプレイユニット。
    　鮮明性指標値Ｃ：日本電色工業社製の変角光度計ＧＣ－５０００Ｌを用い、前記防眩層の前記第２主面に対向配置される光源から、前記防眩層の厚さ方向と平行な方向に、光を前記防眩層の前記第２主面に照射し、その透過光の輝度を検出器で検出する。前記防眩層の厚さ方向と平行な方向の角度θを０°とする。θ＝０°で検出される透過光の輝度をＣ１とし、θ＝－９０°～９０°の全範囲で検出される透過光の輝度の合計値をＣ２とする場合に、下記式（４）によりＣが算出される。
    Ｃ＝Ｃ１／Ｃ２・・・（４）     The display unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the antiglare layer has the following sharpness index value C of 0.70 or more.
    Clarity index value C: Using a variable-angle photometer GC-5000L manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Kogyo Co., Ltd., from a light source arranged opposite to the second main surface of the antiglare layer, in the thickness direction of the antiglare layer. The second main surface of the antiglare layer is irradiated with light in a parallel direction, and the brightness of the transmitted light is detected by a detector. The angle θ in the direction parallel to the thickness direction of the antiglare layer is 0 °. When the brightness of the transmitted light detected at θ = 0 ° is C1, and the total value of the brightness of the transmitted light detected in the entire range of θ = −90 ° to 90 ° is C2, the following equation (4) C is calculated by.
    C = C1 / C2 ... (4)
  4. 　前記防眩層がガラス基板であり、前記ガラス基板が前記凹凸を含む、請求項１～３のいずれか１項に記載のディスプレイユニット。 The display unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the antiglare layer is a glass substrate, and the glass substrate includes the unevenness.
  5. 　前記防眩層がガラス基板とコーティング層とを含み、前記コーティング層が前記凹凸を含む、請求項１～３のいずれか１項に記載のディスプレイユニット。 The display unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the antiglare layer includes a glass substrate and a coating layer, and the coating layer includes the unevenness.
  6. 　前記ガラス基板は、アルミノシリケートガラスである、請求項４又は５に記載のディスプレイユニット。 The display unit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the glass substrate is aluminosilicate glass.
  7. 　前記ディスプレイユニットが車載用である、請求項１～６のいずれか１項に記載のディスプレイユニット。 The display unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the display unit is for an in-vehicle use.
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