WO2022023774A1 - Cycles de pédale assistés électriquement - Google Patents

Cycles de pédale assistés électriquement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022023774A1
WO2022023774A1 PCT/GB2021/051986 GB2021051986W WO2022023774A1 WO 2022023774 A1 WO2022023774 A1 WO 2022023774A1 GB 2021051986 W GB2021051986 W GB 2021051986W WO 2022023774 A1 WO2022023774 A1 WO 2022023774A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrically
assisted
pedal cycle
assisted pedal
cycle according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2021/051986
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Linan GONG
Original Assignee
Ebike Systems Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ebike Systems Ltd filed Critical Ebike Systems Ltd
Publication of WO2022023774A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022023774A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/45—Control or actuating devices therefor
    • B62M6/50—Control or actuating devices therefor characterised by detectors or sensors, or arrangement thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J45/00—Electrical equipment arrangements specially adapted for use as accessories on cycles, not otherwise provided for
    • B62J45/40—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof
    • B62J45/41—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by the type of sensor
    • B62J45/412—Speed sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
    • B62M11/14—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears
    • B62M11/16—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears built in, or adjacent to, the ground-wheel hub
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/02—Hubs adapted to be rotatably arranged on axle
    • B60B27/023—Hubs adapted to be rotatably arranged on axle specially adapted for bicycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
    • B62M6/60—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts
    • B62M6/65—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts with axle and driving shaft arranged coaxially

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrically-assisted pedal cycles.
  • pedal cycle There are various forms of pedal cycle.
  • One conventional form of pedal cycle is that which is only ever driven by a cyclist applying force to the pedals, such cycles sometimes being referred to as “push bikes”.
  • Another more recent form of pedal cycle is the electrically-assisted pedal cycle, commonly now known as “e-Bikes” in which electrical power is used to assist or replace the efforts of the rider.
  • e-Bikes Both conventional pedal cycles and e-Bikes may have two, three or four wheels, and, in some cases, even more.
  • the term "pedal cycle” is used to include both conventional pedal cycles and e-Bikes.
  • e-Bikes include means for storing electrical energy, such as batteries, and an electric motor arranged to propel, either in combination with pedal input, or to replace pedal input.
  • the batteries can be recharged by plugging them into a supply of electrical energy, such as an outiet from a mains supply; in some cases, also by recovering energy from motion of the cycle by way of regenerative braking, and in others by generation of electricity in a series hybrid configuration.
  • the principle of regenerative braking will be familiar to those skilled in this field of technology.
  • e-Bikes can be placed into one of two groups.
  • the first group is that in which the cycle can provide electrical assistance on demand, at any time, regardless of whether or not the cyclist is pedalling. Cycles in this group can be thought of as being generally equivalent to electric mopeds.
  • the pedal input may be rarely used or only as a “limp home” capability when the battery is discharged. Cycles in the second group only provide electrical assistance when the cyclist is pedalling. These are referred to as "pedelecs".
  • pedelecs are effectively legally classified as conventional bicycles and so may be ridden without a driving license or insurance, providing electrical assistance ceases at a speed of 25kph (although a separate category of “speed pedelecs” with a speed limitation of 45kph has license and insurance requirements). There are therefore few barriers to owning and operating a pedelec.
  • Controllers for e-Bikes often require data as to the angular speed or rate of rotation, or cadence, of the pedals at any given time. This is usually effected by a cadence sensor located adjacent the pedals and crankshaft. However, this can expose the cadence sensor to accidental damage and requires both individual fitting and data connection to other parts of the bicycle.
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention aim to provide e-Bikes with cadence sensors that are generally improved in the foregoing respects.
  • an electrically-assisted pedal cycle comprising: a frame; a pair of pedals and crankshaft mounted on the frame; a front sprocket driven by the pedals; a driven wheel spaced from the pedals and crankshaft; an electrically-assisted drive system mounted in the hub of the driven wheel; a rear sprocket mounted on or adjacent the hub of the driven wheel; a chain or belt connecting said front and rear sprockets; and a cadence sensor, at least a part of which is mounted on a part of the electrically-assisted drive system that rotates with the rear sprocket.
  • sprocket includes both components that are formed with teeth in order to engage a drive chain and components that are otherwise formed to engage a drive belt.
  • said driven wheel is a rear wheel of the cycle.
  • the electrically-assisted pedal cycle may be a pedelec.
  • said drive system includes an epicyclic gear set having a component that is driven by the rear sprocket and the cadence sensor has a part that is mounted for movement with said component.
  • said component is a planet carrier.
  • the cadence sensor comprises a plurality of magnetic elements and two or more Hall sensors.
  • said magnetic elements are mounted on said planet carrier.
  • said two or more Hall sensors are mounted on an axle of the driven wheel.
  • axle is hollow and electrical cabling to the one or more Hall sensor passes through the axle.
  • the drive system includes an electrical machine that is configured to operate selectively as a generator or a motor and the system further includes a controller that alternately operates the electrical machine as a generator for a first period and then as a motor for a second period, the controller obtaining an indication of torque applied at the rear sprocket as a function of generator output, and then applying power to the motor as a function of the torque indicated.
  • the hub of the driven wheel encloses the drive system and cadence sensor.
  • the cycle may be a bicycle.
  • the drive system provides a continuously variable transmission (CVT).
  • CVT continuously variable transmission
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a pedelec
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of an electrically-assisted drive system of the pedelec, with an integrated cadence sensor.
  • like references denote like or corresponding parts.
  • FIG. 1 shows a pedelec in the form of a bicycle 10.
  • the bicycle 10 is similar to a conventional bicycle in having a steerable wheel 20 at the front and a driveable wheel 30 at the back.
  • the bicycle 10 also has a conventional arrangement of pedals 40 on crank arms 50 that drive a front toothed sprocket 60 (often referred to as a front cog or chainwheel), connected by a chain 70 to a rear sprocket 80, the rear sprocket being mounted co-axially with the rear wheel 30.
  • the bicycle 10 differs from a conventional bicycle in that the rear sprocket 80 is not fixedly mounted to a hub 100 of the rear wheel 30 to drive that wheel directly. Instead, the rear sprocket 80 provides a rider’s power input to a drive system that is disposed within the hub 100.
  • a control housing 90 and a battery housing 92 are fitted to the frame of the bicycle 10. These may be mounted at any convenient location.
  • a handlebar 119 is provided for steering and a throttie twist-grip 120 is optionally provided for controlling electrical power assistance.
  • a cadence sensor 110 is fitted adjacent the pedals 40 and crankshaft (as illustrated in broken lines) and electrically connected to the control housing 90 in order to provide data as to the angular speed or rate of rotation of the pedals 40 at any given time.
  • a cadence sensor 110 is exposed to the elements, susceptible to accidental damage in the event of careless handling of the bicycle 10 and requires electrical connection to the control housing 90.
  • the illustrated embodiment of the invention aims to provide an improved e-Bike with cadence sensor.
  • Figure 2 shows one example of the arrangement of rear hub 100 in an e- Bike along the lines of that shown in Figure 1.
  • the rear hub 100 is connected to drive the rear wheel 30 via spokes 18 or other mechanical connection.
  • the drive to the rear hub 100 itself is provided via a variable combination of physical input via rear sprocket 80 and epicyclic gear set 15 and electrical drive input via an electrical machine comprising stator 5 and rotor 6.
  • the drive system provides a continuously variable transmission (CVT).
  • the rear sprocket 80 may typically have a freewheel mechanism, but otherwise is connected to drive planet carrier 13 of the epicyclic gear set 15 in a forward direction, with the planet carrier 13 linked directiy, via the rear sprocket 80, to the forward sprocket 60 and crank 50 system.
  • the planet carrier 13 has a speed which is directiy and permanently linked to both the positive turning speed of the crankshaft with cranks 50, and a positive torque input from the rider, which may be regarded as a human input branch of the drive system.
  • Both rear sprocket 80 and planet carrier 13 are mounted on bearings for rotation about a rear axle 1 of the e-Bike 10.
  • the planet carrier 13 is shown in block colour in Figure 2.
  • a ring of magnets 111 is attached to the planet carrier 13 for rotation with it and cooperates with fixed Hall effect elements 112 mounted in the axle 1.
  • An axial bore 113 in the axle 1 allows for the passage of cabling 114 to the Hall effect elements 112 and also cabling 115 to the stator 5.
  • a common connector 116 enables connection of the cables 114 and 115 to the e-Bike controller in housing 90.
  • a control algorithm which may be applied in a CVT system, in which a torque input signal induced by any torque input from the human rider via the planet carrier 13 through its interaction with a sun gear mounted on the rotor of the motor is constantly monitored by the controller using an algorithm called Differential Inductive Torque Sensing DITS (see W02017/021715), any positive torque input in combination with a positive planet carrier speed will be considered as positive crank movement. Any negative crank turning speed will lead to disruption of rider’s torque input via the planet carrier 13, and this will lead to reduction of motor current to 2ero, and subsequently standstill of the motor.
  • DITS Differential Inductive Torque Sensing DITS
  • the planet carrier 13 In case the bike is pushed backwards, the planet carrier 13 will also move backwards with the hub member; in this case, the Hall effect elements 112 will recognize a negative crank speed and will not lead to motor start. In other words, any backwards movement of the planet carrier 13 will be recognized by the sensor elements 112 and will be used as a signal to suppress motor start.
  • the Hall effect elements 112 respond to passage of the magnets 111. This provides data as to cadence, which is fed to the e-Bike controller in housing 90 via cable 114 and connector 116.
  • cadence sensor may be much improved over known e-Bikes.
  • the sensor By integrating the cadence sensor into the rear drive system, the sensor is better shielded against heat, moisture, splash water and other negative environmental elements. It is better shielded against vandalising. Less cable may be used, thus facilitating cable routing. It may provide more reliable signal quality.
  • Incorporating the cadence sensor in the overall hub assembly such that the hub 100 which, in existing designs, may already incorporate a bike speed sensor, encloses the drive system and cadence sensor, and may facilitate fitting and provide a more aesthetically pleasing appearance. In such a case, the drive unit or system may contain all sensors the pedelec system needs to function properly. No external cable routing for sensor system is then necessary. This may be of significant importance to bike sharing businesses.
  • the electrical machine 5,6 may be configured to operate selectively as a generator or a motor, with a controller that alternately operates the electrical machine as a generator for a first period and then as a motor for a second period, the controller monitoring generator output to infer or sense torque applied at the rear sprocket 80, and then applying power to the motor as a function of the inferred or sensed torque.
  • a controller that alternately operates the electrical machine as a generator for a first period and then as a motor for a second period
  • the controller monitoring generator output to infer or sense torque applied at the rear sprocket 80, and then applying power to the motor as a function of the inferred or sensed torque.
  • the driven wheel is a rear wheel, which is typical, the driven wheel could alternatively be a front wheel.
  • driven wheel is used in this specification to refer to a wheel that is driven in rotation by power applied via pedals and/ or motor. Such a wheel may also be referred to as a ‘driving wheel’, as it applies drive to the surface on which the cycle travels.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Un cycle de pédale assisté électriquement comprend une paire de pédales qui entraînent un pignon avant. Une roue motrice arrière est espacée des pédales et présente un moyeu (100) dans lequel est monté un système d'entraînement assisté électriquement. Un pignon arrière (80) est monté sur ou à proximité du moyeu (100) et une chaîne ou une courroie relie les pignons avant et arrière (80). Des parties mobiles (111) d'un capteur de cadence (111, 112) sont montées sur une partie (13) du système d'entraînement assisté électriquement qui tourne avec le pignon arrière (80). Cette partie rotative peut être une partie (13) (par exemple un porte-satellites) d'un train épicycloïdal (15) qui fait partie du système d'entraînement assisté électriquement, qui fournit de préférence une transmission à variation continue (CVT).
PCT/GB2021/051986 2020-07-31 2021-07-30 Cycles de pédale assistés électriquement WO2022023774A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2011968.1A GB2597734B (en) 2020-07-31 2020-07-31 Electrically-assisted pedal cycles
GB2011968.1 2020-07-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2022023774A1 true WO2022023774A1 (fr) 2022-02-03

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ID=72425259

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2021/051986 WO2022023774A1 (fr) 2020-07-31 2021-07-30 Cycles de pédale assistés électriquement

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GB (1) GB2597734B (fr)
WO (1) WO2022023774A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024078978A1 (fr) * 2022-10-14 2024-04-18 Dynamic Drives Giessen Gmbh Connexion électrique entre un dispositif électrique et un véhicule pouvant fonctionner à l'électricité, dispositif électrique et véhicule électrique

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6580188B2 (en) * 1996-05-24 2003-06-17 Sony Corporation Moving apparatus with drive force assist mechanism and movement control method
WO2006035215A1 (fr) * 2004-09-29 2006-04-06 Nexxtdrive Limited Moyeux incorporant un systeme de transmission variable
WO2010092345A1 (fr) 2009-02-12 2010-08-19 Nexxtdrive Limited Système de transmission pour bicyclette
US20150142241A1 (en) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-21 Mando Corporation Electric bicycle and control method thereof
CN105846596A (zh) * 2016-06-12 2016-08-10 南京壹佰克智能科技有限公司 一种用于电动助力自行车的电机及其智能控制系统
WO2017021715A1 (fr) 2015-07-31 2017-02-09 Nexxt E-Drive Ltd., Procédé d'utilisation d'un cycle à pédales avec dispositif d'entraînement électromécanique
WO2018020259A1 (fr) 2016-07-29 2018-02-01 Nexxt E-Drive Limited Activateur de stimulation pour un vélo électrique
EP2988987B1 (fr) * 2013-04-23 2019-01-02 C.R.D. Centro Ricerche Ducati Trento S.r.l. Roue de vélos à assistance électrique
WO2019140672A1 (fr) * 2018-01-21 2019-07-25 深圳一哥智行科技有限公司 Structure de moyeu de moteur
WO2020001362A1 (fr) * 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 浙江超级电气科技有限公司 Moyeu de roue électrique intelligent

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMO20110060A1 (it) * 2011-03-16 2012-09-17 C R D Ct Ricerche Ducati Trent O S R L Ruota per biciclette a pedalata assistita

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6580188B2 (en) * 1996-05-24 2003-06-17 Sony Corporation Moving apparatus with drive force assist mechanism and movement control method
WO2006035215A1 (fr) * 2004-09-29 2006-04-06 Nexxtdrive Limited Moyeux incorporant un systeme de transmission variable
WO2010092345A1 (fr) 2009-02-12 2010-08-19 Nexxtdrive Limited Système de transmission pour bicyclette
EP2988987B1 (fr) * 2013-04-23 2019-01-02 C.R.D. Centro Ricerche Ducati Trento S.r.l. Roue de vélos à assistance électrique
US20150142241A1 (en) * 2013-11-15 2015-05-21 Mando Corporation Electric bicycle and control method thereof
WO2017021715A1 (fr) 2015-07-31 2017-02-09 Nexxt E-Drive Ltd., Procédé d'utilisation d'un cycle à pédales avec dispositif d'entraînement électromécanique
CN105846596A (zh) * 2016-06-12 2016-08-10 南京壹佰克智能科技有限公司 一种用于电动助力自行车的电机及其智能控制系统
WO2018020259A1 (fr) 2016-07-29 2018-02-01 Nexxt E-Drive Limited Activateur de stimulation pour un vélo électrique
WO2019140672A1 (fr) * 2018-01-21 2019-07-25 深圳一哥智行科技有限公司 Structure de moyeu de moteur
WO2020001362A1 (fr) * 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 浙江超级电气科技有限公司 Moyeu de roue électrique intelligent

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024078978A1 (fr) * 2022-10-14 2024-04-18 Dynamic Drives Giessen Gmbh Connexion électrique entre un dispositif électrique et un véhicule pouvant fonctionner à l'électricité, dispositif électrique et véhicule électrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2597734A (en) 2022-02-09
GB2597734B (en) 2023-01-11
GB202011968D0 (en) 2020-09-16

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