WO2022022412A1 - 用于无线通信的管理电子设备和方法、计算机可读介质 - Google Patents

用于无线通信的管理电子设备和方法、计算机可读介质 Download PDF

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WO2022022412A1
WO2022022412A1 PCT/CN2021/108107 CN2021108107W WO2022022412A1 WO 2022022412 A1 WO2022022412 A1 WO 2022022412A1 CN 2021108107 W CN2021108107 W CN 2021108107W WO 2022022412 A1 WO2022022412 A1 WO 2022022412A1
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Prior art keywords
spectrum
electronic device
distribution
management
price
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PCT/CN2021/108107
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English (en)
French (fr)
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田中
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索尼集团公司
田中
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Priority to GB2300876.6A priority Critical patent/GB2612723A/en
Priority to US18/010,460 priority patent/US20230239704A1/en
Priority to CN202180049897.5A priority patent/CN116158104A/zh
Publication of WO2022022412A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022022412A1/zh

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    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/24—Accounting or billing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
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    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
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    • G06Q20/06—Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used among participants of a common payment scheme
    • G06Q20/065—Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used among participants of a common payment scheme using e-cash
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/085—Payment architectures involving remote charge determination or related payment systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/32—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using wireless devices
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/382—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction
    • G06Q20/3827—Use of message hashing
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06Q50/40—Business processes related to the transportation industry
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/60—Business processes related to postal services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/10—Integrity
    • H04W12/106—Packet or message integrity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q2220/00—Business processing using cryptography
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/80—Wireless

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular, to processing related to spectrum transactions. More particularly, it relates to a management electronic device and method for wireless communication, a spectrum providing electronic device and method for wireless communication, a spectrum acquisition electronic device and method for wireless communication, and a computer-readable medium.
  • 5G has three typical reference scenarios: Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), High Reliability and Low Latency (uRLLC), and Massive Internet of Things (mMTC).
  • eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband
  • uRLLC High Reliability and Low Latency
  • mMTC Massive Internet of Things
  • the basic features of 5G are: high Speed, low latency, wide connectivity, ultra-dense heterogeneous networks, software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV), new network architectures.
  • SDN software-defined networking
  • NFV network function virtualization
  • the 5G network allows the refined management of spectrum resources to realize the sharing of spectrum resources in different frequency bands, the exchange and utilization of spectrum resources of different terminals, and various networks (such as 5G network spectrum, IoT vertical industry spectrum) , WIFI free spectrum) dynamic sharing.
  • the base station distributes different spectrum resources to different terminals. If some terminals do not need to communicate or do not need so much allocated spectrum resources for communication during certain periods of time, a good idea is that these terminals can trade idle spectrum resources to other terminals that urgently need spectrum resources, so that this system The spectral efficiency is greatly improved.
  • a management electronic device for wireless communication, the management electronic device includes a processing circuit, and the processing circuit is configured to: determine a spectrum acquisition in a first area with the management electronic device as a reference point The first distribution attribute of the electronic device, and for the spectrum to be traded within the management scope of the management electronic device, determine the second spectrum acquisition electronic device in the second area with the spectrum providing electronic device of the spectrum as a reference point. distribution attributes to manage transactions of the spectrum based on the first distribution attributes and the second distribution attributes.
  • a spectrum providing electronic device for wireless communication, the spectrum providing electronic device including a processing circuit configured to: based on a management electronic device managed by the spectrum providing electronic device The determined first distribution attribute and second distribution attribute determine the selling price range of the spectrum to be traded in the spectrum transaction related to the spectrum providing electronic device, so as to conduct the spectrum transaction, wherein the first distribution The attribute is the distribution attribute of the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment in the first area with the management electronic equipment as the reference point, and the second distribution attribute is the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment in the second area with the spectrum providing electronic equipment as the reference point.
  • the distribution properties of the device are described by the spectrum providing electronic device.
  • a spectrum acquisition electronic device for wireless communication
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device includes a processing circuit
  • the processing circuit is configured to: based on each spectrum acquisition electronic device in an area taking the management electronic device as a reference point The distribution attribute of the equipment, to determine the bid price of the spectrum to be traded in the spectrum transaction related to the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment, so as to conduct the spectrum transaction, wherein the management electronic equipment is to manage the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment electronic equipment.
  • a method for wireless communication comprising: determining a first distribution attribute of a spectrum acquisition electronic device in a first area with a management electronic device as a reference point, and targeting electronic devices in the management electronic device For the spectrum to be traded within the management range of the device, determine the second distribution attribute of the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the second area with the spectrum providing electronic device of the spectrum as a reference point, so as to be based on the first distribution attribute and the first distribution attribute.
  • Two distribution attributes govern the transaction of the spectrum.
  • a method for wireless communication comprising: determining a correlation with the The spectrum provides the selling price range of the spectrum to be traded in the spectrum transaction related to the electronic equipment, for the spectrum transaction, wherein the first distribution attribute is the spectrum in the first area with the management electronic equipment as a reference point The distribution attribute of the electronic device is acquired, and the second distribution attribute is the distribution attribute of the electronic device obtained from the spectrum in a second area with the spectrum providing electronic device as a reference point.
  • a method for wireless communication comprising: determining a spectrum transaction related to a spectrum acquisition electronic device based on a distribution attribute of each spectrum acquisition electronic device in an area taking the management electronic device as a reference point An offer for spectrum to be traded in the spectrum for the spectrum transaction, wherein the management electronic device is an electronic device that manages the spectrum acquisition electronic device
  • a computer program code and a computer program product for implementing the above-mentioned method for wireless communication, and a computer on which the computer program code for implementing the above-mentioned method for wireless communication is recorded readable medium.
  • FIG. 1 shows a functional module block diagram of a management electronic device for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a spectrum management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating determining a set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to spectrum acquiring electronic devices according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of the structure of a block according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic information interaction diagram illustrating a spectrum transaction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 shows a functional block diagram of a spectrum providing electronic device for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram for determining a second heat vector according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a first plurality of concentric circles and a second plurality of concentric circles according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 shows a functional block diagram of a spectrum acquisition electronic device for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an application scenario of a spectrum management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of a method for wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 13 shows a flowchart of a method for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a first example of a schematic configuration of an eNB or gNB to which techniques of this disclosure may be applied;
  • 15 is a block diagram illustrating a second example of a schematic configuration of an eNB or gNB to which techniques of this disclosure may be applied;
  • 16 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a smartphone to which the techniques of the present disclosure may be applied;
  • 17 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a car navigation apparatus to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • FIG. 18 is a block diagram of an exemplary structure of a general-purpose personal computer in which methods and/or apparatuses and/or systems according to embodiments of the present invention may be implemented.
  • FIG. 1 shows a functional block diagram of a management electronic device 100 for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the management electronic device 100 includes a first processing unit 101 .
  • the first processing unit 101 is configured to determine the first distribution attribute of the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the first area with the management electronic device 100 as the reference point, and for the spectrum to be traded within the management range of the management electronic device 100, determine the following:
  • the spectrum providing electronic device of the spectrum obtains a second distribution attribute of the electronic device for the spectrum in the second area of the reference point to manage the transaction of the spectrum based on the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute.
  • spectrum acquisition electronics are electronic devices used to acquire (eg, purchase) spectrum
  • spectrum providing electronics are electronic devices used to provide (eg, sell) spectrum
  • management electronics are electronic devices that manage spectrum transactions equipment.
  • the first processing unit 101 may be implemented by one or more processing circuits, which may be implemented as chips, for example.
  • the management electronic device 100 may be provided at the base station side or communicatively connected to the base station, for example.
  • the management electronic device 100 may function as the base station itself, and may also include external devices such as memory, transceivers (not shown), and the like.
  • the memory can be used to store programs and related data information that the base station needs to execute to implement various functions.
  • the transceiver may include one or more communication interfaces to support communication with different devices (eg, user equipment, other base stations, etc.), and the implementation form of the transceiver is not particularly limited here.
  • the management electronic device may be a base station, and the spectrum acquisition electronic device and the spectrum providing electronic device may be User Equipment (UE) (hereinafter, sometimes simply referred to as a terminal).
  • UE User Equipment
  • the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the management electronics, spectrum acquisition electronics, and spectrum providing electronics may all be base stations.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device and the spectrum providing electronic device may be UEs
  • the management electronic device may be a UE having a management function for spectrum transactions.
  • the management electronic device 100 may be provided on the user equipment side or communicatively connected to the user equipment, for example.
  • the management electronic device 100 may function as the user equipment itself, and may also include external devices such as memory, transceivers (not shown in the figure), and the like.
  • the memory can be used to store programs and related data information that the user equipment needs to execute to achieve various functions.
  • the transceiver may include one or more communication interfaces to support communication with different devices (eg, base stations, other user equipment, etc.), and the implementation form of the transceiver is not particularly limited here.
  • the identities of the management electronics, spectrum acquisition electronics, and spectrum providing electronics may be dynamically changing. For example, assume that at a point in time or a period of time, electronic device A is a management electronic device, electronic device B is a spectrum acquisition electronic device, and electronic device C is a spectrum providing electronic device.
  • electronic device A may be a management electronic device, spectrum acquisition electronic device, spectrum providing electronic device, and other than management electronic device, spectrum acquisition electronic device, and spectrum providing electronic device
  • the electronic device B may be a management electronic device, a spectrum acquisition electronic device, a spectrum providing electronic device, and other electronic devices other than the management electronic device, the spectrum acquisition electronic device and the spectrum providing electronic device
  • the electronic device C may be one of a management electronic device, a spectrum acquisition electronic device, a spectrum providing electronic device, and other electronic devices other than the management electronic device, the spectrum acquisition electronic device, and the spectrum providing electronic device.
  • the spectrums provided by different spectrum providing electronic devices may or may not be the same.
  • the spectrum acquiring electronic device may conduct spectrum transactions with at least one of the above-mentioned different spectrum providing electronic devices.
  • the management electronic device as a base station, the spectrum acquisition electronic device and the spectrum providing electronic device as a UE as an example.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a spectrum management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the base station BS is a management electronic device
  • the user equipments UE1 , UE2 and UE5 are spectrum acquisition electronic devices
  • the user equipments UE3 and UE4 are spectrum providing electronic devices.
  • the user equipments UE1-UE5 communicate with the base station BS.
  • UE3 and UE4 do not need to communicate in some time periods or the usage of spectrum resources for communication is very small, and these user equipments can take out idle spectrum resources for transactions.
  • offering spectrum ie, selling spectrum
  • acquiring spectrum ie, buying spectrum
  • FIG. 2 when two spectrum acquisition electronic devices are close to each other (for example, UE1 and UE5), mutual interference may occur due to the purchased spectrum resources.
  • one spectrum acquisition electronic device is allowed to provide electronic equipment quotations to multiple spectrums, and the buyers and sellers of spectrum trading may not be able to reach a deal due to price reasons, or may not be able to complete a deal due to interference.
  • the first area with the management electronic device 100 as the reference point may be an area of any shape with the management electronic device 100 as the reference point, for example, an area of any shape (eg, a circular area or a rectangle) with the management electronic device 100 as the center. area).
  • the second area with the spectrum providing electronics as a reference point may be an area of any shape with the spectrum providing electronics as a reference point, for example, an area of any shape (eg, a circular area or a rectangle) centered on the spectrum providing electronics area).
  • the management electronic device 100 may determine the spectrum corresponding to the multiple spectrums to be traded and obtain the first distribution attribute of the electronic device in the first area (that is, the distribution properties of all spectrum acquisition electronic devices existing in the first area), and the second distribution properties of the spectrum acquisition electronic devices corresponding to the plurality of spectrums to be traded in the second area may be determined (that is, Distribution properties of all spectrum acquisition electronics present in the second area).
  • the management electronic device 100 may manage the transaction of the at least one spectrum based on the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute.
  • the management electronic device in the prior art does not consider the distribution properties of the spectrum acquisition electronic device when managing the spectrum transaction.
  • the management electronic device 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure effectively manages spectrum transactions in the system based on the above-mentioned first distribution attribute and second distribution attribute, thereby improving the spectrum efficiency of the system.
  • the first distribution attribute may be characterized by a first heat vector, wherein the first heat vector represents spectrum acquisition electronics included in the first plurality of concentric circles in the first region and with the management electronic device 100 as the center respectively.
  • the number of devices, and the second distribution attribute are characterized by a second heat vector, wherein the second heat vector represents the spectrum acquisitions included in the second plurality of concentric circles in the second region and centered on the spectrum providing electronic device Number of electronic devices.
  • the first heat vector is used to measure the global density of the spectrum acquisition electronic device around the management electronic device 100 within each of the first plurality of concentric circles
  • the second heat vector is used to measure the spectrum around the spectrum providing electronic device. Obtain a global density of the electronic device within each of the second plurality of concentric circles.
  • the first heat vector and the second heat vector please refer to the embodiments of the spectrum providing electronic device 600 and the spectrum obtaining electronic device 700 to be described below.
  • the first distribution property may be represented by a first quadrant vector, wherein the first quadrant vector represents the value of each of the third plurality of concentric circles in the first region with the management electronic device 100 as the center of each concentric circle
  • the number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each of the four quadrants, and the second distribution property can be characterized by a second quadrant vector, where the second quadrant vector represents a circle in the second region centered on the spectrum providing electronics
  • the number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each of the four quadrants of the shape The first quadrant vector is used to measure the partition density of the spectrum acquisition electronics around the management electronics 100 in different quadrants
  • the second quadrant vector is used to measure the partition density of the spectrum acquisition electronics around the spectrum providing electronics in the different quadrants .
  • the first quadrant vector and the second quadrant vector please refer to the embodiments of the spectrum providing electronic device 600 and the spectrum obtaining electronic device 700 to be described below.
  • the first processing unit 101 may be configured to match a selling price range for the spectrum given by the spectrum providing electronic device and an offer for the spectrum given by the spectrum acquiring electronic device that wants to acquire the spectrum, wherein the spectrum
  • the providing electronic device gives a selling price range based on the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device to acquire the spectrum makes an offer based on the first distribution attribute.
  • the spectrum providing electronic equipment giving a selling price range based on the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute and the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment to acquire the spectrum making an offer based on the first distribution attribute, please refer to the spectrum providing electronic equipment to be described below.
  • Embodiments of device 600 and spectrum acquisition electronics 700 are examples of device 600 and spectrum acquisition electronics 700 .
  • the management electronic device 100 can match the selling price range and the quotation, that is, match the spectrum providing electronic device and the spectrum acquiring electronic device to acquire the spectrum, so as to facilitate the transaction of the spectrum.
  • the first processing unit 101 may be configured to determine the transaction price of the spectrum by one of the following: if there are one or more spectrum acquisition electronic devices whose quotation is within the selling price range in the spectrum acquisition electronic device to acquire the spectrum equipment, select the highest quotation from the quotations of one or more spectrum acquisition electronic equipment as the transaction price of the spectrum; if there is no spectrum acquisition electronic equipment whose quotation is within the selling price range in the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment to be acquired , then select the lowest quotation with the quotation higher than the upper limit of the selling price range from the quotations of the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment to obtain the spectrum, as the transaction price of the spectrum; and if the quotations of the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment to obtain the spectrum are all lower than the selling price If the lower limit of the interval is determined, the highest bid is selected from the bids of the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment for which the spectrum is to be obtained, and the average value of the selected highest bid and the lower limit of the selling price interval is calculated, and the selected highest bid, average and The one selected from the lower limit of the selling price range as the transaction price of
  • the management electronic equipment 100 first selects the lowest quotation higher than Y j+1 among the quotations, if such quotation exists , the quotation is selected as the transaction price, and the spectrum acquisition electronic device with the selected quotation becomes the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the spectrum transaction.
  • the management electronic device 100 selects the highest quotation y lm among the quotations of all spectrum acquisition electronic devices.
  • the management electronic device 100 calculates the average price of the highest offer y lm and the lower limit Y j of the selling price range: (y lm +Y j )/2.
  • the management electronic device 100 may feed back the three prices y lm , Y j , and (y lm +Y j )/2 to the spectrum providing electronic device and the spectrum acquiring electronic device, respectively, so that the spectrum providing electronic device and the spectrum acquiring electronic device choose from these three prices (multiple selections allowed).
  • the spectrum providing electronic device and the spectrum obtaining electronic device will feed back the selection result to the management electronic device 100, and the management electronic device 100 checks whether there is a common selection of the three prices by the spectrum providing electronic device and the spectrum obtaining electronic device. If there are multiple common price options for the spectrum providing electronic device and the spectrum obtaining electronic device, the management electronic device 100 selects the price that is favorable for the spectrum providing electronic device as the transaction price. For example, the management electronic device 100 may select one of the multiple common prices. The highest price as the transaction price.
  • the first processing unit 101 may be configured to determine, according to at least one of the first condition and the second condition, a set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to the spectrum acquisition electronic devices within the management range of the management electronic device 100 , wherein the first condition includes that the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment and the spectrum providing electronic equipment involved in the spectrum transaction are located in the same sector of the management electronic equipment 100, and the second condition includes that the spectrum providing electronic equipment is located in a predetermined spectrum centered on the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment. within the area.
  • the set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to the spectrum acquiring electronic device includes all spectrum providing electronic devices that can trade with the spectrum acquiring electronic device in terms of the spectrum to be acquired by the spectrum acquiring electronic device.
  • the transfer of the right to use the spectrum resource will lead to the reshaping of the mutual interference relationship between the base station and each user equipment in the entire spectrum management system.
  • the first condition above stipulates that the electronic equipment for spectrum acquisition and the electronic equipment for spectrum provision need to be located in the same sector of the management electronic equipment 100 (for example, the base station), so that when the base station adopts beamforming technology, the transaction of spectrum resources only occurs in the Within the sector, it has no effect on user equipment outside the sector.
  • the management electronic equipment 100 for example, the base station
  • Two parameters a 1 and a 2 can be used to standardize the sector, a 1 and a 2 are the radians corresponding to the start and end sides of the sector, respectively, and the value ranges from 0 to 2 ⁇ .
  • the specific determination of a 1 and a 2 is related to the initial allocation of spectrum resources by the base station. Assuming that the base station divides the circular area within the coverage into multiple sectors, non-adjacent sectors can use the same spectrum resources, which can maximize the use of spectrum resources.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating determining a set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to spectrum acquiring electronic devices according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • sectors 1 to 3 of the base station BS are schematically shown, wherein sector 1 and sector 2 have the same spectrum resources.
  • UE1 is the spectrum acquisition electronics, which is located in sector 1
  • UE2-UE5 are spectrum providing electronics.
  • the above first condition limits the set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to UE1 within sector 1 (for example, the set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to UE1 includes UE2 and UE4 located in sector 1), so as to avoid
  • the spectrum within UE1 and sector 2 provides electronic device transactions resulting in interference between electronic devices.
  • the above-mentioned second condition stipulates that the spectrum providing electronic device that is transacting with the spectrum acquiring electronic device is located in a predetermined area centered on the spectrum acquiring electronic device.
  • the predetermined area may be an area of any shape centered on the spectrum acquisition electronic device.
  • description is made by taking the predetermined area as a circular area centered on the spectrum acquisition electronic device as an example.
  • the first processing unit 101 may be configured to, in the case that the predetermined area is a circle, calculate the first calculation radius and the spectrum acquisition electronic device corresponding to the circumstance that the circle includes a predetermined number of spectrum providing electronic devices.
  • the above-mentioned second condition requires that at most a predetermined number N (N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1) spectrum providing electronic devices be included in a circular area centered on the spectrum acquiring electronic device.
  • N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1
  • the above-mentioned first calculation radius (which is the smallest radius containing N spectrum providing electronic devices in a circular area centered on the spectrum acquisition electronic device) can be represented by R UE (N).
  • the above-mentioned second condition also requires that the circular area centered on the spectrum acquisition electronic device cannot cover two fan-shaped areas of the same frequency among the sector-divided areas centered on the base station.
  • R tar is used to represent the radius of the circumscribed circle from UE1 to the same-frequency sector (sector 2) of sector 1 in Figure 3, then the radius of the circular area centered on the spectrum acquisition electronic device is R b ⁇ min ⁇ R UE (N), R tar ⁇ , where min ⁇ R UE (N), R tar ⁇ means to take the smaller value between R UE (N) and R tar .
  • R tar is less than R UE (N)
  • R b is less than or equal to R tar .
  • the set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to UE1 includes UE2 and UE3.
  • the above-mentioned second condition can make the spectrum transaction only occur locally, and before and after the spectrum transaction, the transfer of the spectrum resources will not affect the entire range covered by the base station.
  • the set of spectrum providing electronic devices may always be determined according to the first condition, or the spectrum may always be determined according to the second condition
  • a set of electronic devices is provided, or the set of spectrum providing electronic devices is sometimes determined according to a first condition and sometimes according to a second condition.
  • the set of spectrum providing electronic devices determined according to the first condition may be used as the final set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to the spectrum obtaining electronic device, or the set of spectrum providing electronic devices determined according to the second condition may be regarded as the set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to the spectrum obtaining electronic device.
  • the final set of spectrum-providing electronic devices corresponding to the electronic device, or, the set of spectrum-providing electronic devices determined according to the first condition and the set of spectrum-providing electronic devices determined according to the second condition may be intersected, and the intersection may be taken as the The set of final spectrum providing electronics to which the spectrum acquisition electronics correspond.
  • the management electronic device 100 may calculate the range of the spectrum providing electronic device based on the minimum data transfer rate requirement of the spectrum acquiring electronic device, and determine a set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to the spectrum acquiring electronic device within the range.
  • determining the set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to the spectrum acquiring electronic devices can reduce adjacent-frequency or co-channel interference caused by the transfer of the right to use spectrum resources.
  • the management electronic device 100 may be a subject in a spectrum management system configured as a blockchain architecture, wherein the spectrum management system includes a plurality of subjects, and the multiple subjects may also include a spectrum acquisition electronic device in addition to the management electronic device , at least one of the spectrum providing electronic equipment and other electronic equipment, and multiple subjects each hold the same copy of the database, wherein the respective database copies held by the multiple subjects are updated based on the information of the spectrum transaction verified as valid.
  • the spectrum management system includes a plurality of subjects
  • the multiple subjects may also include a spectrum acquisition electronic device in addition to the management electronic device , at least one of the spectrum providing electronic equipment and other electronic equipment, and multiple subjects each hold the same copy of the database, wherein the respective database copies held by the multiple subjects are updated based on the information of the spectrum transaction verified as valid.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a combination of blockchain and spectrum trading technology.
  • the blockchain can effectively record transactions and act as a carrier for each electronic device to exchange information about spectrum transactions, ensuring the security and reliability of spectrum transactions.
  • 5G communication a typical scenario where blockchain can be applied to 5G communication is dynamic spectrum management and sharing.
  • blockchain can help 5G solve problems such as user privacy information security, online transaction trust establishment, and virtual intellectual property protection.
  • blockchain can be used to manage the shared allocation and use of various spectrums by various networks and various terminals.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to the combination of blockchain and 5G communication, and the above description of the combination of blockchain and 5G communication is also applicable to the combination of blockchain and other communication systems other than 5G communication (eg, 4G communication, etc.) .
  • each electronic device will have a certain amount of initial spectrum coins, which are given by the base station. Spectrum transactions are completed in the form of spectrum coins, and spectrum transactions will involve the transfer of spectrum coins.
  • the management electronic device 100 (eg, a base station) can summarize the transactions to be performed and send to various subjects in the blockchain.
  • the base station includes attribute information for each pending transaction in the block.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of the structure of a block according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the block P is taken as an example for description.
  • a block includes a block header and a block body.
  • the block header can encapsulate the current version number, the hash value of the previous block (previous Hash), the target hash value of the current block (target Hash), the Merkle root, and the timestamp, etc. information.
  • the block body then includes the data of the transactions in block P (eg, the number of transactions). As an example, the transaction data to be verified in the block body will be grouped and hashed.
  • the hash values Hash 1 to Hash 8 of transactions 1 to 8 are grouped and hashed, and the generated new Hash values Hash 1 2, Hash 3 4, Hash 5 6, Hash 7 8 are inserted into the Merkle tree, and then recursively generate Hash 1 2 3 4 and Hash 5 6 7 8, so recurse until only the last root hash value remains Hash1 ⁇ 8 are recorded as the Merkle root of the block header, and finally the Merkle root is encapsulated into the block header. Since the change of any transaction data will lead to the change of the Merkle root, this method can quickly summarize and verify the existence and integrity of the block data.
  • the subject When the subject is the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment or spectrum providing electronic equipment of the transaction, the subject checks the information of the buyer and seller of the transaction, such as the bandwidth and transaction price of the spectrum resources being traded. If the information is correct, agree to the deal. In the case that the subject is an electronic device that will not be affected by interference after the transaction occurs, the subject does not need to verify the transaction. Since the subject does not need to make any verification, it will not receive the reward of spectrum coins.
  • the subject is an electronic device that may be affected by interference after the transaction occurs
  • the subject needs to verify the transaction.
  • other electronic equipment in the spectrum management system verifies the validity of the spectrum transaction when it is determined that the other electronic equipment is located in the verification area of the spectrum transaction; and obtains the electronic equipment according to the spectrum in the spectrum transaction.
  • the interference to other electronic equipment when the frequency spectrum is used to determine the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of other electronic equipment, and when the signal-to-interference and noise ratio is greater than the predetermined signal-to-interference and noise ratio threshold set for other electronic equipment, other electronic equipment verifies that the spectrum transaction is valid of.
  • Spectrum trading may involve the transfer of spectrum ownership. By verifying a spectrum transaction, it is possible to reduce the harmful interference that the spectrum transaction may cause to other electronic devices that are co-channel or adjacent to the spectrum being traded.
  • the verification area can be an area of any shape with the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment in the spectrum transaction as a reference point.
  • the verification area may be a circular area centered on the spectrum acquisition electronics in the spectrum transaction.
  • those skilled in the art can determine the size of the radius of the circular area according to actual needs, experience, or experiments.
  • other electronic devices may determine whether they are located in the verification area of the spectrum transaction according to the distance d inf from the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the spectrum transaction.
  • Other electronic devices can use expression (1) to calculate the interference to other electronic devices when the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the spectrum transaction communicates with the spectrum obtained from the transaction.
  • d inf is the distance that other electronic devices can obtain the electronic device from the spectrum in the spectrum transaction
  • P Tx and G Tx represent the transmit power and transmit gain of the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the spectrum transaction, respectively
  • ⁇ is the path loss coefficient
  • ⁇ is the wavelength of the spectrum traded.
  • the other electronic device can use Expression (2) to calculate the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of the other electronic device when the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the spectrum transaction communicates with the spectrum obtained from the transaction.
  • a predetermined signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio threshold set for other electronic devices is denoted as SINR th .
  • SINR th a predetermined signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio threshold set for other electronic devices.
  • Other electronic devices can verify spectrum transactions only when they are located in the verification area, so the system overhead required for verifying spectrum transactions can be reduced, and the number of electronic devices for verifying spectrum transactions can be reduced, thereby improving verification efficiency.
  • other electronic equipment verifies that the spectrum transaction is valid only if the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio of the other electronic equipment traded by the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment is greater than the predetermined signal-to-interference-noise ratio threshold, thus effectively reducing the impact of spectrum trading on other electronic equipment.
  • device interference which can significantly improve system performance (eg, improve the signal-to-interference-noise ratio of electronic devices).
  • the above-mentioned other electronic devices participating in the verification of each transaction will receive a certain amount of spectrum coins as a reward.
  • the management electronic device 100 (for example, a base station) collects the verification information of the transaction in the block by the electronic device, it will use a voting method to determine legal and illegal transactions. Among them, spectrum providing electronic equipment and spectrum obtaining electronic equipment have the right to veto this transaction, other electronic equipment related to this transaction (electronic equipment that may be affected by interference after this transaction occurs, namely the above-mentioned electronic equipment) Other electronic devices that need to verify the transaction) use a majority-minority approach to determine whether the transaction is legitimate.
  • the management electronic device 100 writes the legal transaction into a new block and distributes the block to each electronic device.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic information interaction diagram illustrating a spectrum transaction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In Figure 5, it is described in conjunction with the blockchain.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device reports the attributes of the spectrum resources to be sold (such as spectrum bandwidth and center frequency to be sold) and the location information of the spectrum providing electronic device to the management electronic device 100; the spectrum obtaining electronic device reports to the management electronic device 100 reports the attributes of the spectrum resources to be purchased (for example, the spectrum bandwidth and center frequency to be purchased).
  • the management electronic device 100 determines a set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to the spectrum acquiring electronic device, and determines a first distribution attribute and a second distribution attribute; and notifies the spectrum acquiring electronic device of the corresponding spectrum providing electronic device and the first distribution attribute, and the spectrum providing electronic device is notified of the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device provides a spectrum selling price range according to the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute obtained from the management electronic device 100, and the spectrum obtaining electronic device provides a spectrum price based on the first distribution attribute.
  • the management electronic device 100 matches the spectrum selling price range given by the spectrum providing electronic device and the spectrum offer price given by the spectrum acquiring electronic device to match the spectrum transaction.
  • the management electronic device 100 summarizes the transaction to be performed and sends it to each electronic device in the blockchain.
  • the electronic equipment is the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment or spectrum providing electronic equipment of the transaction
  • the electronic equipment is electronic equipment that may be affected by interference after the transaction occurs
  • the electronic equipment needs to verify the transaction.
  • the subject that verifies the transaction reports the verification information of the transaction to the management electronic device 100 .
  • the management electronic device 100 writes the legal transaction into a new block and distributes the block to each electronic device.
  • FIG. 6 shows a functional block diagram of a spectrum providing electronic device 600 for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device 600 includes a second processing unit 601 .
  • the second processing unit 601 is configured to determine the spectrum to be traded in the spectrum transaction related to the spectrum providing electronic device based on the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute determined by the management electronic device that manages the spectrum providing electronic device 600 the selling price range for spectrum trading.
  • the first distribution attribute is the distribution attribute of the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment in the first area with the management electronic equipment as the reference point
  • the second distribution attribute is the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment in the second area with the spectrum providing electronic equipment 600 as the reference point
  • the distribution properties of the device is the distribution attribute of the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment in the first area with the management electronic equipment as the reference point.
  • the second processing unit 601 may be implemented by one or more processing circuits, which may be implemented as chips, for example.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device 600 may be provided on the user equipment side or communicatively connected to the user equipment, for example.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device 600 may function as the user equipment itself, and may also include external devices such as memory, transceivers (not shown in the figure).
  • the memory can be used to store programs and related data information that the user equipment needs to execute to implement various functions.
  • the transceiver may include one or more communication interfaces to support communication with different devices (eg, base stations, other user equipment, etc.), and the implementation form of the transceiver is not particularly limited here.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device 600 may be provided at the base station side or communicatively connected to the base station, for example.
  • the spectrum providing electronics 600 may operate as the base station itself, and may also include external devices such as memory, transceivers (not shown).
  • the memory can be used to store programs and related data information that the base station needs to execute to implement various functions.
  • the transceiver may include one or more communication interfaces to support communication with different devices (eg, user equipment, other base stations, etc.), and the implementation form of the transceiver is not particularly limited here.
  • the management electronic device the spectrum providing electronic device 600, and the spectrum acquiring electronic device
  • the management electronic device 100 please refer to the embodiment of the management electronic device 100 above, which will not be repeated here.
  • description will be made by taking the management electronic device as a base station, the spectrum acquisition electronic device and the spectrum providing electronic device 600 as a UE as an example.
  • the first area with the management electronic device as a reference point may be an area of any shape with the management electronic device as a reference point, for example, an area of any shape (eg, a circular area or a rectangular area) centered on the management electronic device.
  • the second area with the spectrum providing electronic device 600 as a reference point may be an area of any shape with the spectrum providing electronic device 600 as a reference point, for example, an area of any shape (eg, a circle) centered on the spectrum providing electronic device 600. area or rectangular area).
  • the management electronic device may determine the first distribution attribute of the spectrum acquisition electronic device corresponding to the multiple spectrums to be traded in the first area, and A second distribution property of the spectrum acquisition electronic devices corresponding to the plurality of spectrums to be traded in the second area may be determined.
  • the spectrum providing electronic equipment in the prior art does not consider the distribution properties of the spectrum acquiring electronic equipment when determining the selling price of the spectrum.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device 600 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can provide a reasonable selling price range of the spectrum to be traded based on the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute, so as to facilitate spectrum trading, thereby improving the spectrum efficiency of the system.
  • the first distribution attribute may be represented by a first heat vector, wherein the first heat vector represents the spectrum acquisition electronic devices included in the first plurality of concentric circles in the first region and centered on the management electronic device.
  • the number of , and the second distribution attribute can be characterized by a second heat vector, wherein the second heat vector represents the spectrum respectively included in the second plurality of concentric circles in the second region and centered on the spectrum providing electronic device 600 Get the number of electronic devices.
  • the first heat vector is used to measure the global density of the spectrum acquisition electronic device within each of the first plurality of concentric circles around the management electronic device
  • the second heat vector is used to measure the spectrum around the spectrum providing electronic device 600 Obtain a global density of the electronic device within each of the second plurality of concentric circles.
  • each concentric circle contains The number of spectrum acquisition electronics is (N bs1 , N bs2 , . . . , N bsQ ).
  • the first heat vector can be expressed as (R bs1 , N bs1 , R bs2 , N bs2 , . . . , R bsQ , N bsQ ).
  • the second heat vector can be expressed as (R s1 , N 1 , R s2 , N 2 , . . . , R sT , N T ).
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram for determining a second heat vector according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 shows three concentric circles with radii R s1 , R s2 , and R s3 centered on the spectrum providing electronic device 600 , where X + and X ⁇ represent the positive and negative directions of the X-axis, respectively, Y + and Y- represent the positive and negative directions of the Y - axis, respectively.
  • a total of 9 user equipments are shown by taking a mobile phone as an example. Among the 9 user equipments, except the spectrum providing electronic device 600, other user equipments are spectrum acquiring electronic devices. As shown in FIG.
  • the second heat vector can be represented as (R s1 , 3, R s2 , 5, R s3 , 8).
  • the second processing unit 601 may be configured to: in determining that the spectrum providing electronic device 600 is located in a first concentric circle having a first radius and a second concentric circle having a second radius greater than the first radius among the first plurality of concentric circles In the case of concentric circles, the first number of electronic devices, and the second radius and the second radius in the first heat vector are obtained based on the spectrum corresponding to the first radius in the first radius and the first heat vector.
  • the anchor point heat factor H 0 representing the distribution density of spectrum acquisition electronic devices at the location of the spectrum providing electronic device 600 in the first area, based on the second heat vector
  • the radius corresponding to each of the second plurality of concentric circles and the number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices corresponding to the radius included in the calculation represent the location of the spectrum providing electronic device 600 in the second area obtains the current heat factor H ot of the distribution density of the electronic device from the spectrum at , and determines the selling price Y obj corresponding to the current heat factor based on the highest price Y max and the lowest price Y min in the predetermined price list and the anchor heat factor, And it is determined that the range in which the selling price is within the range from the lowest price Y min to the highest price Y max is the selling price range.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device 600 can obtain the distribution information about the spectrum acquiring electronic device through the first heat vector and the second heat vector, so that a more reasonable selling price range can be determined.
  • the distance between the spectrum providing electronic device 600 and the management electronic device is dx, where R bsi ⁇ dx ⁇ R bs(i+1) , R bsi and R bs(i+1) are the management electronic device as
  • the radius of the center is the radius of the two adjacent concentric circles in the concentric circles of R bs1 , R bs2 , ..., R bsQ , 1 ⁇ i ⁇ Q-1.
  • the second processing unit 601 may determine, based on the distance dx, that the spectrum providing electronic device 600 is located in a first concentric circle with a first radius R bsi and a second concentric circle with a second radius R bs(i+1) among the first plurality of concentric circles between concentric circles.
  • the second processing unit 601 may calculate the anchor point heat factor H 0 using the following expression (3).
  • N bsi and N bs(i+1) are the first number of spectrum acquisition electronics corresponding to the first radius R bsi and the second radius R, respectively, in the first heat vector The second number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices corresponding to bs(i+1) .
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of a first plurality of concentric circles and a second plurality of concentric circles according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the management electronic device is represented by BS
  • the spectrum providing electronic device 600 is represented by UE1
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic devices are represented by UE2-UE4, respectively.
  • the three concentric circles (with radii R bs1 , R bs2 , and R bs3 respectively ) drawn by solid lines with BS as the center represent the above-mentioned first plurality of concentric circles, and those drawn by dotted lines are UE1
  • the three concentric circles whose centers are the centers represent the above-mentioned second plurality of concentric circles.
  • UE1 is located between a first concentric circle having a first radius R bs1 and a second concentric circle having a second radius R bs2 among the first plurality of concentric circles.
  • the second processing unit 601 calculates the current Heat factor Hot .
  • the second processing unit 601 may be configured to divide the number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices corresponding to each radius included in the second heat vector by the square of the radius to obtain spectrums corresponding to each concentric circle respectively The distribution density of the electronic device is obtained, and the distribution density corresponding to each concentric circle is weighted and summed to calculate the current heat factor H ot .
  • T 3
  • the second heat vector can be expressed as (R s1 , N 1 , R s2 , N 2 , R s3 , N 3 ).
  • the second processing unit 601 may calculate the current heat factor H ot using the following expression (4).
  • the second processing unit 601 may be configured to: assign the same weighting factor to the distribution density corresponding to each concentric circle, or assign a weighting factor to the distribution density corresponding to each concentric circle according to the radius of the concentric circle .
  • p 1 , p 2 , and p 3 can be equal (for example, all take the value of 0.33), which means that the distribution densities of electronic devices obtained from the spectrum calculated by different concentric circles have the same contribution rate in the current heat factor .
  • the weight coefficients corresponding to the concentric circles can be gradually decreased as the radius of the concentric circles becomes larger.
  • the values of p 1 , p 2 , and p 3 can be 0.46, 0.33, and 0.2, which means that the distribution density of electronic devices obtained from the spectrum calculated by concentric circles with a smaller radius contributes more to the current heat factor.
  • the second processing unit 601 may be configured to acquire the number of electronic devices based on a radius corresponding to each of the first plurality of concentric circles included in the first heat vector and a spectrum corresponding to the radius to calculate the distribution density of the spectrum acquisition electronic device corresponding to each concentric circle, and use the highest distribution density among the calculated distribution densities as the highest heat factor Hm , and also determine the selling price based on the highest heat factor Hm .
  • the second processing unit 601 may calculate the highest heat factor H m using the following expression (5).
  • R bs1 , R bs2 ,..., R bsQ are the radii included in the first heat vector, respectively, and N bs1 , N bs2 ,..., N bsQ are included in the first heat vector, respectively Number of spectrum acquisition electronics corresponding to R bs1 , R bs2 , . . . , R bsQ . means to take The maximum value in is taken as H m .
  • the second processing unit 601 may calculate the selling price Y obj using the following expression (6).
  • the spectrum providing electronic device 600 maps the current heat factor H t and the anchor heat factor H 0 obtained based on the first heat vector and the second heat vector to the selling price, so that the selling price can be reasonably calculated.
  • the first distribution property may be represented by a first quadrant vector, wherein the first quadrant vector represents four quadrants of each of the third plurality of concentric circles in the first region centered on the management electronic device
  • the number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each of the quadrants, and the second distribution property can be characterized by a second quadrant vector, where the second quadrant vector represents a circle in the second region centered on the spectrum providing electronics 600
  • the number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each of the four quadrants of the shape is used to measure the partition density of the spectrum acquisition electronics in different quadrants around the management electronics
  • the second quadrant vector is used to measure the partition density of the spectrum acquisition electronics in the different quadrants around the spectrum providing electronics 600 .
  • the four quadrants can be described in conjunction with FIG. 7 .
  • X + and X- represent the positive and negative directions of the X - axis, respectively
  • Y + and Y- represent the positive and negative directions of the Y - axis, respectively.
  • the third plurality of concentric circles may be the same or different from the first plurality of concentric circles described above.
  • the radii of the third plurality of concentric circles centered on the management electronic device are R pbs1 , R pbs2 , . . . , R pbsK (K is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1)
  • the first quadrant vector can be expressed as (R pbs1 ,V pbs1_1 ,V pbs2_1 ,V pbs3_1 ,V pbs4_1 ,R pbs2 ,V pbs1_2 ,V pbs2_2 ,V pbs3_2 ,V pbs4_2 ,...,R pbsk ,V pbs1_k ,V pbs2_k , V pbs3_k , V pbs4_k ,...,R pbsK ,V pbs1_K ,V pbs2_K ,V pbs3_K ,V pbs4_K ).
  • the second quadrant vector can be expressed as (R ps , V ps1 , V ps2 , V ps3 , V ps4 ). For example, when R ps is R S3 shown in FIG.
  • the second quadrant vector can be expressed as (R S3 , 1, 1, 1, 5).
  • the second processing unit 601 may be configured to: in determining that the spectrum providing electronic device 600 is located in a third concentric circle having a third radius and a fourth concentric circle having a fourth radius larger than the third radius among the third plurality of concentric circles In the case of concentric circles, based on the third radius and the number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices included in the four quadrants corresponding to the third radius in the vector of the first quadrant, the calculation indicates that the spectrum providing electronic device 600 is in the first quadrant.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device 600 can obtain information about the partition distribution of the spectrum acquiring electronic device in each quadrant through the first quadrant vector and the second quadrant vector, so that a more reasonable selling price range can be determined.
  • R pbsk ⁇ dx ⁇ R pbs(k+1) , R pbsk and R pbs(k+1) are the concentric circles with radii R pbs1 , R pbs2 , ..., R pbsK centered on the management electronic device The radius of two adjacent concentric circles, 1 ⁇ k ⁇ K-1.
  • the second processing unit 601 may determine, based on the distance dx, that the spectrum providing electronic device 600 is located in a third concentric circle having a third radius R pbsk and a fourth concentric circle having a fourth radius R pbs(k+1) among the third plurality of concentric circles between concentric circles.
  • the second processing unit 601 may calculate the anchor quadrant factor H q using the following expression (7).
  • those skilled in the art can determine the values of q 1 , q 2 , q 3 , and q 4 according to actual needs, experience, or experiments.
  • the second processing unit 601 calculates the current quadrant factor H axis based on the radius of the circle included in the second quadrant vector and the number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices included in the four quadrants respectively.
  • the second processing unit 601 may be configured to divide the number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices included in the four quadrants in the second quadrant vector by the square of the radius of the circle to obtain the spectrum corresponding to each quadrant respectively The distribution density of the electronic device is obtained, and the distribution density corresponding to each quadrant is weighted and summed, so as to calculate the current quadrant factor H axis .
  • the second processing unit 601 may calculate the current quadrant factor H axis using the following expression (8).
  • those skilled in the art can determine the values of q 1 , q 2 , q 3 , and q 4 according to actual needs, experience, or experiments.
  • the second processing unit 601 may be configured based on a radius included in the first quadrant vector corresponding to each of the third plurality of concentric circles and a radius corresponding to the radius in the first quadrant vector.
  • the number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each of the four quadrants to calculate the distribution density of spectrum acquisition electronics corresponding to each quadrant of each concentric circle, and the highest distribution density among the calculated distribution densities is taken as the highest quadrant factor, and also determine the sale price based on the highest quadrant factor.
  • the second processing unit 601 may calculate the highest quadrant factor H pm using the following expression (9).
  • 1 ⁇ k ⁇ K, R pbsk , V pbs1_k , V pbs2_k , V pbs3_k , V pbs4_k are the radii R pbsk corresponding to the k-th concentric circle in the first quadrant vector, respectively, and The number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each of the four quadrants corresponding to the concentric circles.
  • the second processing unit 601 can calculate the selling price Y pobj using the following expression (10).
  • the spectrum providing electronic device 600 maps the current quadrant factor H axis and the anchor quadrant factor H q obtained based on the first quadrant vector and the second quadrant vector to the selling price, so that the selling price can be reasonably calculated.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device 600 is the main body in the spectrum management system configured as a blockchain architecture, wherein, in the spectrum management system, in addition to the spectrum providing electronic device 600, it also includes management electronic devices, spectrum acquisition electronic devices and at least one of other electronic devices.
  • FIG. 9 shows a functional block diagram of a spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 for wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 includes a third processing unit 701 .
  • the third processing unit 701 may be configured to, based on the distribution attributes of each spectrum acquisition electronic device in the area with the management electronic device as a reference point, determine an offer for the spectrum to be traded in the spectrum transaction related to the spectrum acquisition electronic device, for conducting Spectrum trading.
  • the management electronic device is an electronic device that manages the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 .
  • the third processing unit 701 may be implemented by one or more processing circuits, which may be implemented as chips, for example.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 may be provided on the user equipment side or communicatively connected to the user equipment, for example.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronics 700 may function as the user equipment itself, and may also include external devices such as memory, transceivers (not shown in the figure), and the like.
  • the memory can be used to store programs and related data information that the user equipment needs to execute to achieve various functions.
  • the transceiver may include one or more communication interfaces to support communication with different devices (eg, base stations, other user equipment, etc.), and the implementation form of the transceiver is not particularly limited here.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 may be provided at the base station side or communicatively connected to the base station, for example.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronics 700 may function as the base station itself, and may also include external devices such as memory, transceivers (not shown).
  • the memory can be used to store programs and related data information that the base station needs to execute to implement various functions.
  • the transceiver may include one or more communication interfaces to support communication with different devices (eg, user equipment, other base stations, etc.), and the implementation form of the transceiver is not particularly limited here.
  • the management electronic device the spectrum providing electronic device, and the spectrum obtaining electronic device 700
  • the management electronic device 100 please refer to the embodiment of the management electronic device 100 above, which will not be repeated here.
  • description will be made by taking the management electronic device as a base station, the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 and the spectrum providing electronic device as a UE as an example.
  • the area with the management electronic device as the reference point may be any shape area with the management electronic device as the reference point, for example, any shaped area (eg, a circular area or a rectangular area) centered on the management electronic device.
  • the management electronic device may determine the distribution attributes of the spectrum acquisition electronic devices corresponding to the multiple spectrums to be traded in the above-mentioned area.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 may, based on the distribution attribute, determine the bid price of the spectrum to be traded in the spectrum transaction related to the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 .
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the prior art does not consider the distribution properties of the spectrum acquisition electronic device when determining the spectrum price.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can determine a reasonable price for the spectrum to be traded based on the above-mentioned distribution properties, so as to facilitate spectrum trading, thereby improving the spectrum efficiency of the system.
  • the distribution property may be represented by a heat vector, which represents the number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices included in the first plurality of concentric circles centered on the management electronic device in the above area.
  • the heat vector is used to measure the global density of the spectrum acquisition electronics around the management electronics within each of the first plurality of concentric circles.
  • the first plurality of concentric circles in this embodiment are the same as the first plurality of concentric circles described in the electronic device 600 for providing spectrum according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, and are not repeated here.
  • the heat vector please refer to the first heat vector (R bs1 , N bs1 , R bs2 , N bs2 , .
  • the description of the positive integer) is not repeated here.
  • the third processing unit 701 may be configured to: determine, based on the position information of the spectrum providing electronic device of the spectrum to be traded in the above-mentioned area, that the spectrum providing electronic device is located in the first concentric circle with the first radius.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronics 700 reasonably estimates the price value based on the heat vector for subsequent generation of an offer based on the price value.
  • the set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to the spectrum obtaining electronic device 700 includes J (J is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1) spectrum providing electronic devices (for determining the set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to the spectrum obtaining electronic device 700 , please refer to the description in the management of the electronic device 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, which is not repeated here).
  • the third processing unit 701 may determine, based on the location information of the spectrum providing electronic device in the above-mentioned area, that the spectrum providing electronic device is located in Between a first concentric circle having a first radius R bsi and a second concentric circle having a second radius R bs(i+1) among the plurality of first concentric circles.
  • the manner of determining the first radius R bsi , the first number N bsi , the second radius R bs(i+1) , and the second number N bs(i+1) in this embodiment is the same as the spectrum provision according to the embodiment of the present disclosure
  • the determination methods of the first radius R bsi , the first number N bsi , the second radius R bs(i+1) , and the second number N bs(i+1 ) described in the electronic device 600 in conjunction with the expression (3) are the same, No more elaboration here.
  • the third processing unit 701 can use Expression (3) to estimate the anchor point heat corresponding to the spectrum providing electronic device Factor H j (1 ⁇ j ⁇ J).
  • the third processing unit 701 may estimate the price value corresponding to the anchor point heat factor H j based on the highest price Y max and the lowest price Y min , and generate an electronic device for the jth (1 ⁇ j ⁇ J) spectrum based on the price value. Quote for equipment.
  • the third processing unit 701 may be configured to separately determine the number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices corresponding to the radius included in the heat vector and corresponding to each of the first plurality of concentric circles and the spectrum acquisition electronic device corresponding to the radius. Calculate the distribution density of the spectrum acquisition electronic device corresponding to each concentric circle, and use the highest distribution density among the calculated distribution densities as the highest heat factor and the lowest distribution density among the calculated distribution densities as the lowest heat factor , and also estimate the price value corresponding to the anchor heat factor based on the highest heat factor and the lowest heat factor.
  • the highest heat factor H m in this embodiment is the same as the highest heat factor H m described in conjunction with expression (5) in the spectrum providing electronic device 600 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, and will not be repeated here.
  • the third processing unit 701 may be configured to calculate the lowest heat factor HL using the following expression (11).
  • R bs1 , R bs2 ,..., R bsQ are the radii included in the heatness vector, respectively, and N bs1 , N bs2 ,..., N bsQ are included in the heatness vector, and R bs1 , respectively,
  • the number of spectrum acquisition electronics corresponding to R bs2 , ..., R bsQ . means to take The minimum value in is taken as H L .
  • the third processing unit 701 may be configured to estimate the price value y j corresponding to the anchor point heat factor H j using the following expression (12).
  • H m is the highest heat factor
  • HL is the lowest heat factor, 1 ⁇ j ⁇ J.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 maps the anchor point heat factor H j obtained based on the heat vector to a price value, so that the price value can be reasonably estimated.
  • the distribution attribute may be represented by a first quadrant vector, which indicates that each of the four quadrants of each of the third plurality of concentric circles centered on the management electronic device in the above-mentioned area includes the The number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices.
  • the first quadrant vector is used to measure the partition density of the spectrum acquisition electronics in different quadrants around the management electronics.
  • the third plurality of concentric circles in this embodiment are the same as the third plurality of concentric circles described in the electronic device 600 for providing spectrum according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, and are not repeated here.
  • the first quadrant vector please refer to the related first quadrant vectors (R pbs1 , V pbs1_1 , V pbs2_1 , V pbs3_1 , V pbs4_1 , R pbs2 , V pbs1_2 ,V pbs2_2 , V pbs3_2 ,V pbs4_2 ,...,R pbsk ,V pbs1_k ,V pbs2_k ,V pbs3_k ,V pbs4_k ,...,R pbsK ,V pbs1_K ,V pbs2_K ,V pbs3_K ,V p
  • the third processing unit 701 may be configured to determine the offer price of the spectrum to be traded further based on a second quadrant vector, wherein the second quadrant vector represents a circle with the spectrum providing electronic device of the spectrum to be traded as the center of the circle The number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each of the four quadrants.
  • the second quadrant vector is used to measure the partition density of the spectrum acquisition electronics in different quadrants around the spectrum providing electronics.
  • the second quadrant vector reference may be made to the description of the second quadrant vector (R ps , V ps1 , V ps2 , V ps3 , V ps4 ) in the spectrum providing electronic device 600 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, which will not be repeated here.
  • the third processing unit 701 may be configured to obtain the spectrum based on the radius of each of the third plurality of concentric circles and the spectrum included in the four quadrants corresponding to the radius in the first quadrant vector, respectively.
  • the number of electronic devices to calculate the spectrum corresponding to each quadrant of each concentric circle obtains the distribution density of electronic devices, and uses the highest distribution density among the calculated distribution densities as the highest quadrant factor and the calculated distribution density.
  • the lowest distribution density in as the lowest quadrant factor based on the radius of the circle included in the second quadrant vector and the number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each of the four quadrants, it is estimated that the spectrum providing electronics are located within the circle.
  • the spectrum at the location obtains the current quadrant factor of the distribution density of the electronic equipment, and estimates the price value corresponding to the current quadrant factor based on the highest price and the lowest price in the predetermined price list, and the highest quadrant factor and the lowest quadrant factor, and based on the price value to generate a quote.
  • Spectrum acquisition electronics 700 reasonably estimates the price value based on the first quadrant vector and the second quadrant vector for subsequent generation of an offer based on the price value
  • the third processing unit 701 may calculate the lowest quadrant factor H pL using the following expression (13).
  • 1 ⁇ k ⁇ K, R pbsk , V pbs1_k , V pbs2_k , V pbs3_k , V pbs4_k are the radii R pbsk corresponding to the k-th concentric circle in the first quadrant vector, respectively, and The number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each of the four quadrants corresponding to the concentric circles. means to take The minimum value in (1 ⁇ k ⁇ K).
  • the third processing unit 701 can use the expression (8) to estimate the current quadrant factor H pj (1 ⁇ j ⁇ J) corresponding to the spectrum providing electronic device.
  • the third processing unit 701 may be configured to estimate the price value y pj corresponding to the current quadrant factor H pj using the following expression (14).
  • H pm is the highest quadrant factor
  • H pL is the lowest quadrant factor, 1 ⁇ j ⁇ J.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronics 700 maps the current quadrant factor H pj to a price value, so that the price value can be reasonably estimated.
  • the third processing unit 701 may be configured to randomly generate quotes according to a Gaussian distribution, wherein the price value is taken as the mean of the Gaussian distribution, and the variance of the Gaussian distribution is generated based on the highest price and the lowest price. Randomly generating bids helps to make the specific value of the bid unpredictable, and randomly generating bids can differentiate bids from spectrum acquisition electronics, allowing spectrum providing electronics to determine spectrum acquisition electronics with which to transact.
  • the third processing unit 701 may randomly generate a Gaussian distribution ⁇ (y i , a 2 ) with mean y j or y pj and variance a 2 for providing the electronic device for the jth (1 ⁇ j ⁇ J) spectrum Spectrum quotation.
  • the third processing unit 701 may not perform bidding for some spectrum providing electronic devices in the set of spectrum providing electronic devices, for example, y j or y pj may take a value of 0 with a predetermined probability.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 is the main body in the spectrum management system configured as a blockchain architecture, wherein, in the spectrum management system, in addition to the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700, it also includes a management electronic device, a spectrum providing electronic device and at least one of other electronic devices.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an application scenario of a spectrum management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the distribution attribute is represented by a heat vector as an example for description, and it is assumed that the management electronic device is a base station BS.
  • FIG. 10 schematically shows sector 1 , sector 2 and sector 3 of the BS. Assuming that according to at least one of the first condition and the second condition described in the embodiment of the management electronic device 100, it is determined that the set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to the spectrum acquiring electronic device UE1 includes UE3 and UE4. UE2 shown in FIG.
  • UE 10 is a spectrum providing electronic device, which is not included in the set of spectrum providing electronic devices corresponding to UE1.
  • UE5 may be one of the following: spectrum providing electronics, spectrum acquisition electronics, and other electronics than management electronics, spectrum providing electronics, spectrum acquisition electronics. It is assumed that the electronic device shown with the "mobile phone" icon in FIG. 10 without reference numerals is a spectrum acquisition electronic device. The initial number of Spectrum Coins for each electronic device in Figure 10 is 10.
  • Spectrum coin price scale values are: 1, 3, 5, 7. It can be seen from Figure 10 that UE2 is located between a concentric circle with a radius of 500m with BS as the center and a concentric circle with a radius of 1000m.
  • UE1 uses y3 as the mean value and uses Gaussian distribution to randomly generate quotations.
  • the quotation for UE3 is 5.03
  • UE1 uses y4 as the mean value and uses Gaussian distribution to randomly generate quotations, assuming that the quotation for UE4 is 3.94.
  • the unknown electronic device 1 can reach a transaction with UE3.
  • the unknown electronic device 2 can reach a transaction with UE3.
  • UE4 only received an offer of 3.94 from UE1, and the selling price range of UE4 is [5,7].
  • the largest quotation among the selected common quotations is used as the transaction price. For example, assuming that UE4 only receives an offer of 3.94 from UE1, and the selling price range of UE4 is [1, 3], then UE1 and UE4 are traded at the price of 3.94.
  • the management electronic device records all proposed transactions in the block, and then sends the block to all electronic devices. Assuming that there are S (S is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1) transactions in the block, for any electronic device, the S transactions will be divided into three categories, one is that the electronic device is used as a spectrum acquisition electronic device (buyer) or Transactions in which spectrum-providing electronic equipment (sellers) participate is recorded as the first type of transaction, and the other type is that the electronic equipment may be affected by interference due to the occurrence of the transaction, which is recorded as the second type of transaction here, and the last type of transaction is This electronic device has absolutely no interaction with this transaction, which is recorded as the third type of transaction here.
  • S is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1
  • the electronic device For the first type of transaction, the electronic device needs to carefully check the spectrum price and spectrum resource attributes of the transaction. If it is consistent with the facts, the verification is completed, for example, a reward of 1 spectrum coin can be obtained; for the second type of transaction, the electronic device passes the interference The verification method verifies the transaction. If the occurrence of the transaction will cause harmful interference to your own communication, you will not agree to the transaction. If the occurrence of the transaction will cause negligible interference to your own communication, you will agree to the transaction, such as A reward of 0.5 spectrum coins can be obtained; for the third type of transaction, the electronic device does not need to make any verification and does not receive a reward of spectrum coins.
  • the management electronic device After collecting the verification information of the transaction in the block by the electronic device, the management electronic device judges the legal and illegal transactions by voting. Among them, the electronic device as the buyer or seller has a vote against the transaction, and other electronic devices associated with the transaction (that is, electronic devices that may be affected by interference due to the occurrence of the transaction) adopt the method of minority subordination to majority. Judge legal and illegal transactions. The management electronic device writes the legal transaction into a new block and distributes the block to the various electronic devices.
  • management electronics for wireless communications may be implemented in part or entirely using hardware and/or firmware, while the following The methods discussed for wireless communication may be implemented entirely by computer executable programs, although the methods may also employ management electronics for wireless communication, spectrum provision electronics for wireless communication, and spectrum for wireless communication Obtain the hardware and/or firmware of the electronic device.
  • FIG 11 shows a flowchart of a method 1100 for wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method 1100 begins at step S1102.
  • step S1104 determine the first distribution attribute of the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment in the first area with the management electronic equipment as the reference point, and determine the spectrum of the spectrum to provide electronic equipment for the spectrum to be traded within the management scope of the management electronic equipment
  • the device obtains the second distribution attribute of the electronic device for the spectrum in the second area of the reference point, so as to manage the transaction of the spectrum based on the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute.
  • the method 1100 ends at step S1106.
  • the method 1100 may be performed, for example, at the base station or the user equipment side.
  • the method may be performed by the management electronic device 100 described above, and the specific details thereof may refer to the descriptions in the corresponding positions above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the method 1200 begins at step S1202.
  • step S1204 based on the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute determined by the management electronic device that manages the spectrum providing electronic device, determine the selling price range of the spectrum to be traded in the spectrum transaction related to the spectrum providing electronic device , for spectrum trading.
  • the first distribution attribute is the distribution attribute of the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment in the first area with the management electronic equipment as the reference point
  • the second distribution attribute is the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment in the second area with the spectrum providing electronic equipment as the reference point distribution properties.
  • the method 1200 ends at step S1206.
  • the method 1200 can be performed on the base station side or the user equipment side.
  • the method 1200 can be performed by, for example, the electronic device 600 for providing the spectrum described above, and the specific details thereof can be found in the descriptions in the corresponding positions above, which will not be repeated here.
  • step S13 shows a flowchart of a method 1300 for wireless communication according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method 1300 begins at step S1302.
  • step S1304 based on the distribution attributes of each spectrum acquisition electronic device in the area with the management electronic device as a reference point, determine the bid price of the spectrum to be traded in the spectrum transaction related to the spectrum acquisition electronic device for spectrum transaction.
  • the management electronic device is an electronic device that manages the spectrum acquisition electronic device.
  • the method 1300 ends at step S1306.
  • the method 1300 can be performed on the base station side or the user equipment side.
  • the method 1300 can be performed by, for example, the electronic device 700 for obtaining the spectrum described above, and the specific details thereof can be found in the descriptions in the corresponding positions above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the management electronic device 100, the spectrum providing electronic device 600, and the spectrum acquiring electronic device 700 may be implemented as various base stations.
  • a base station may be implemented as any type of evolved Node B (eNB) or gNB (5G base station).
  • eNBs include, for example, macro eNBs and small eNBs. Small eNBs may be eNBs covering cells smaller than macro cells, such as pico eNBs, micro eNBs, and home (femto) eNBs. A similar situation can also be used for gNB.
  • the base station may be implemented as any other type of base station, such as NodeB and base transceiver station (BTS).
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • a base station may include: a subject (also referred to as a base station device) configured to control wireless communications; and one or more remote radio heads (RRHs) disposed at a different location than the subject.
  • a subject also referred to as a base station device
  • RRHs remote radio heads
  • various types of user equipment can operate as a base station by temporarily or semi-persistently performing a base station function.
  • the management electronic device 100, the spectrum providing electronic device 600, and the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 may be implemented as various user equipments.
  • User equipment may be implemented as mobile terminals such as smart phones, tablet personal computers (PCs), notebook PCs, portable game terminals, portable/dongle-type mobile routers, and digital cameras or vehicle-mounted terminals such as car navigation devices.
  • the user equipment may also be implemented as a terminal performing machine-to-machine (M2M) communication (also referred to as a machine type communication (MTC) terminal).
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • MTC machine type communication
  • the user equipment may be a wireless communication module (such as an integrated circuit module comprising a single die) mounted on each of the aforementioned terminals.
  • eNB 800 includes one or more antennas 810 and base station equipment 820.
  • the base station apparatus 820 and each antenna 810 may be connected to each other via an RF cable.
  • Each of the antennas 810 includes a single or multiple antenna elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna), and is used by the base station apparatus 820 to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • eNB 800 may include multiple antennas 810.
  • multiple antennas 810 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by eNB 800.
  • FIG. 14 shows an example in which the eNB 800 includes multiple antennas 810, the eNB 800 may also include a single antenna 810.
  • the base station apparatus 820 includes a controller 821 , a memory 822 , a network interface 823 , and a wireless communication interface 825 .
  • the controller 821 may be, for example, a CPU or a DSP, and operates various functions of a higher layer of the base station apparatus 820 .
  • the controller 821 generates data packets from data in the signal processed by the wireless communication interface 825 and communicates the generated packets via the network interface 823 .
  • the controller 821 may bundle data from a plurality of baseband processors to generate a bundled packet, and deliver the generated bundled packet.
  • the controller 821 may have logical functions to perform controls such as radio resource control, radio bearer control, mobility management, admission control and scheduling. This control may be performed in conjunction with nearby eNB or core network nodes.
  • the memory 822 includes RAM and ROM, and stores programs executed by the controller 821 and various types of control data such as a terminal list, transmission power data, and scheduling data.
  • the network interface 823 is a communication interface for connecting the base station apparatus 820 to the core network 824 .
  • the controller 821 may communicate with core network nodes or further eNBs via the network interface 823 .
  • eNB 800 and core network nodes or other eNBs may be connected to each other through logical interfaces such as S1 interface and X2 interface.
  • the network interface 823 may also be a wired communication interface or a wireless communication interface for wireless backhaul. If the network interface 823 is a wireless communication interface, the network interface 823 may use a higher frequency band for wireless communication than the frequency band used by the wireless communication interface 825 .
  • Wireless communication interface 825 supports any cellular communication scheme, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-Advanced, and provides wireless connectivity to terminals located in cells of eNB 800 via antenna 810.
  • the wireless communication interface 825 may generally include, for example, a baseband (BB) processor 826 and RF circuitry 827 .
  • the BB processor 826 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and performs layers such as L1, Medium Access Control (MAC), Radio Link Control (RLC), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)) various types of signal processing.
  • the BB processor 826 may have some or all of the above-described logical functions.
  • the BB processor 826 may be a memory storing a communication control program, or a module including a processor and associated circuitry configured to execute the program.
  • the update procedure may cause the functionality of the BB processor 826 to change.
  • the module may be a card or blade that is inserted into a slot of the base station device 820 .
  • the module can also be a chip mounted on a card or blade.
  • the RF circuit 827 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmit and receive wireless signals via the antenna 810 .
  • the wireless communication interface 825 may include multiple BB processors 826 .
  • multiple BB processors 826 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by eNB 800.
  • the wireless communication interface 825 may include a plurality of RF circuits 827 .
  • multiple RF circuits 827 may be compatible with multiple antenna elements.
  • FIG. 14 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 825 includes multiple BB processors 826 and multiple RF circuits 827 , the wireless communication interface 825 may also include a single BB processor 826 or a single RF circuit 827 .
  • the transceivers of the management electronic device 100 described with reference to FIG. 1 , the spectrum providing electronic device 600 described with reference to FIG. 6 , and the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 described with reference to FIG. accomplish. At least a portion of the functionality may also be implemented by the controller 821 .
  • the controller 821 may implement spectrum trading by executing the functions of the first processing unit 101 described above with reference to FIG. 1 , the second processing unit 601 described with reference to FIG. 6 , and the third processing unit 701 described with reference to FIG. 9 .
  • eNB 830 includes one or more antennas 840, base station equipment 850, and RRH 860.
  • the RRH 860 and each antenna 840 may be connected to each other via RF cables.
  • the base station apparatus 850 and the RRH 860 may be connected to each other via high-speed lines such as fiber optic cables.
  • Each of the antennas 840 includes a single or multiple antenna elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in a MIMO antenna) and is used by the RRH 860 to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • the eNB 830 may include multiple antennas 840.
  • multiple antennas 840 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by eNB 830.
  • 15 shows an example in which the eNB 830 includes multiple antennas 840, the eNB 830 may also include a single antenna 840.
  • the base station apparatus 850 includes a controller 851 , a memory 852 , a network interface 853 , a wireless communication interface 855 , and a connection interface 857 .
  • the controller 851 , the memory 852 and the network interface 853 are the same as the controller 821 , the memory 822 and the network interface 823 described with reference to FIG. 14 .
  • Wireless communication interface 855 supports any cellular communication scheme, such as LTE and LTE-Advanced, and provides wireless communication via RRH 860 and antenna 840 to terminals located in a sector corresponding to RRH 860.
  • Wireless communication interface 855 may generally include, for example, BB processor 856 .
  • the BB processor 856 is the same as the BB processor 826 described with reference to FIG. 14, except that the BB processor 856 is connected to the RF circuit 864 of the RRH 860 via the connection interface 857.
  • the wireless communication interface 855 may include a plurality of BB processors 856 .
  • multiple BB processors 856 may be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by eNB 830.
  • FIG. 15 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 855 includes multiple BB processors 856
  • the wireless communication interface 855 may also include a single BB processor 856 .
  • connection interface 857 is an interface for connecting the base station apparatus 850 (the wireless communication interface 855 ) to the RRH 860 .
  • the connection interface 857 may also be a communication module for communication in the above-mentioned high-speed line connecting the base station apparatus 850 (the wireless communication interface 855) to the RRH 860.
  • RRH 860 includes connection interface 861 and wireless communication interface 863.
  • connection interface 861 is an interface for connecting the RRH 860 (the wireless communication interface 863 ) to the base station apparatus 850.
  • the connection interface 861 may also be a communication module for communication in the above-mentioned high-speed line.
  • the wireless communication interface 863 transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 840 .
  • Wireless communication interface 863 may typically include RF circuitry 864, for example.
  • RF circuitry 864 may include, for example, mixers, filters, and amplifiers, and transmit and receive wireless signals via antenna 840 .
  • the wireless communication interface 863 may include a plurality of RF circuits 864 .
  • multiple RF circuits 864 may support multiple antenna elements.
  • FIG. 15 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 863 includes a plurality of RF circuits 864
  • the wireless communication interface 863 may include a single RF circuit 864 .
  • the transceivers of the management electronic device 100 described with reference to FIG. 1 , the spectrum providing electronic device 600 described with reference to FIG. 6 , and the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 described with reference to FIG. accomplish. At least a portion of the functionality may also be implemented by controller 851.
  • the controller 851 may implement spectrum trading by executing the functions of the first processing unit 101 described above with reference to FIG. 1 , the second processing unit 601 described with reference to FIG. 6 , and the third processing unit 701 described with reference to FIG. 9 .
  • FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a smartphone 900 to which the techniques of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • Smartphone 900 includes processor 901, memory 902, storage device 903, external connection interface 904, camera device 906, sensor 907, microphone 908, input device 909, display device 910, speaker 911, wireless communication interface 912, one or more Antenna switch 915 , one or more antennas 916 , bus 917 , battery 918 , and auxiliary controller 919 .
  • the processor 901 may be, for example, a CPU or a system on a chip (SoC), and controls the functions of the application layer and further layers of the smartphone 900 .
  • the memory 902 includes RAM and ROM, and stores data and programs executed by the processor 901 .
  • the storage device 903 may include a storage medium such as a semiconductor memory and a hard disk.
  • the external connection interface 904 is an interface for connecting an external device such as a memory card and a Universal Serial Bus (USB) device to the smartphone 900 .
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • the camera 906 includes an image sensor such as a charge coupled device (CCD) and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), and generates a captured image.
  • Sensors 907 may include a set of sensors, such as measurement sensors, gyroscope sensors, geomagnetic sensors, and acceleration sensors.
  • the microphone 908 converts the sound input to the smartphone 900 into an audio signal.
  • the input device 909 includes, for example, a touch sensor, a keypad, a keyboard, a button, or a switch configured to detect a touch on the screen of the display device 910, and receives operations or information input from a user.
  • the display device 910 includes a screen such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, and displays an output image of the smartphone 900 .
  • the speaker 911 converts the audio signal output from the smartphone 900 into sound.
  • the wireless communication interface 912 supports any cellular communication scheme, such as LTE and LTE-Advanced, and performs wireless communication.
  • Wireless communication interface 912 may typically include, for example, BB processor 913 and RF circuitry 914 .
  • the BB processor 913 can perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and performs various types of signal processing for wireless communication.
  • the RF circuit 914 may include, for example, mixers, filters, and amplifiers, and transmit and receive wireless signals via the antenna 916 .
  • the wireless communication interface 912 may be a chip module on which the BB processor 913 and the RF circuit 914 are integrated. As shown in FIG. 16 , the wireless communication interface 912 may include a plurality of BB processors 913 and a plurality of RF circuits 914 . Although FIG. 16 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 912 includes multiple BB processors 913 and multiple RF circuits 914 , the wireless communication interface 912 may include a single BB processor 913 or a single RF circuit 914 .
  • the wireless communication interface 912 may support additional types of wireless communication schemes, such as short-range wireless communication schemes, near field communication schemes, and wireless local area network (LAN) schemes.
  • the wireless communication interface 912 may include the BB processor 913 and the RF circuit 914 for each wireless communication scheme.
  • Each of the antenna switches 915 switches the connection destination of the antenna 916 among a plurality of circuits included in the wireless communication interface 912 (eg, circuits for different wireless communication schemes).
  • Each of the antennas 916 includes a single or multiple antenna elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in a MIMO antenna), and is used for the wireless communication interface 912 to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • smartphone 900 may include multiple antennas 916 .
  • FIG. 16 shows an example in which the smartphone 900 includes multiple antennas 916
  • the smartphone 900 may also include a single antenna 916 .
  • the smartphone 900 may include an antenna 916 for each wireless communication scheme.
  • the antenna switch 915 can be omitted from the configuration of the smartphone 900 .
  • the bus 917 connects the processor 901, the memory 902, the storage device 903, the external connection interface 904, the camera device 906, the sensor 907, the microphone 908, the input device 909, the display device 910, the speaker 911, the wireless communication interface 912, and the auxiliary controller 919 to each other connect.
  • the battery 918 provides power to the various blocks of the smartphone 900 shown in FIG. 16 via feeders, which are partially shown in phantom in the figure.
  • the auxiliary controller 919 operates the minimum necessary functions of the smartphone 900, eg, in a sleep mode.
  • the transceivers of the management electronic device 100 described with reference to FIG. 1 , the spectrum providing electronic device 600 described with reference to FIG. 6 , and the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 described with reference to FIG. 912 realized. At least a portion of the functionality may also be implemented by the processor 901 or the auxiliary controller 919 .
  • the processor 901 or the auxiliary controller 919 may be implemented by executing the functions of the first processing unit 101 described above with reference to FIG. 1 , the second processing unit 601 described with reference to FIG. 6 , and the third processing unit 701 described with reference to FIG. 9 . Spectrum trading.
  • FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a car navigation apparatus 920 to which the technology of the present disclosure can be applied.
  • the car navigation device 920 includes a processor 921, a memory 922, a global positioning system (GPS) module 924, a sensor 925, a data interface 926, a content player 927, a storage medium interface 928, an input device 929, a display device 930, a speaker 931, a wireless A communication interface 933 , one or more antenna switches 936 , one or more antennas 937 , and a battery 938 .
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the processor 921 may be, for example, a CPU or a SoC, and controls the navigation function and other functions of the car navigation device 920 .
  • the memory 922 includes RAM and ROM, and stores data and programs executed by the processor 921 .
  • the GPS module 924 measures the position (such as latitude, longitude, and altitude) of the car navigation device 920 using GPS signals received from GPS satellites.
  • Sensors 925 may include a set of sensors such as gyroscope sensors, geomagnetic sensors, and air pressure sensors.
  • the data interface 926 is connected to, for example, the in-vehicle network 941 via a terminal not shown, and acquires data generated by the vehicle, such as vehicle speed data.
  • the content player 927 reproduces content stored in storage media such as CDs and DVDs, which are inserted into the storage media interface 928 .
  • the input device 929 includes, for example, a touch sensor, a button, or a switch configured to detect a touch on the screen of the display device 930, and receives operations or information input from a user.
  • the display device 930 includes a screen such as an LCD or OLED display, and displays an image of a navigation function or reproduced content.
  • the speaker 931 outputs the sound of the navigation function or the reproduced content.
  • the wireless communication interface 933 supports any cellular communication scheme such as LTE and LTE-Advanced, and performs wireless communication.
  • Wireless communication interface 933 may typically include, for example, BB processor 934 and RF circuitry 935 .
  • the BB processor 934 may perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and perform various types of signal processing for wireless communication.
  • the RF circuit 935 may include, for example, mixers, filters, and amplifiers, and transmit and receive wireless signals via the antenna 937 .
  • the wireless communication interface 933 can also be a chip module on which the BB processor 934 and the RF circuit 935 are integrated. As shown in FIG.
  • the wireless communication interface 933 may include multiple BB processors 934 and multiple RF circuits 935 .
  • FIG. 17 shows an example in which the wireless communication interface 933 includes multiple BB processors 934 and multiple RF circuits 935, the wireless communication interface 933 may include a single BB processor 934 or a single RF circuit 935.
  • the wireless communication interface 933 may support another type of wireless communication scheme, such as a short-range wireless communication scheme, a near field communication scheme, and a wireless LAN scheme.
  • the wireless communication interface 933 may include the BB processor 934 and the RF circuit 935 for each wireless communication scheme.
  • Each of the antenna switches 936 switches the connection destination of the antenna 937 among a plurality of circuits included in the wireless communication interface 933, such as circuits for different wireless communication schemes.
  • Each of the antennas 937 includes a single or multiple antenna elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in a MIMO antenna), and is used for the wireless communication interface 933 to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • the car navigation device 920 may include a plurality of antennas 937 .
  • FIG. 17 shows an example in which the car navigation device 920 includes a plurality of antennas 937
  • the car navigation device 920 may also include a single antenna 937 .
  • the car navigation device 920 may include an antenna 937 for each wireless communication scheme.
  • the antenna switch 936 may be omitted from the configuration of the car navigation apparatus 920 .
  • the battery 938 provides power to the various blocks of the car navigation device 920 shown in FIG. 17 via feeders, which are shown in part as dashed lines in the figure.
  • the battery 938 accumulates power supplied from the vehicle.
  • the transceivers of the management electronic device 100 described with reference to FIG. 1 , the spectrum providing electronic device 600 described with reference to FIG. 6 , and the spectrum acquisition electronic device 700 described with reference to FIG. 9 may communicate by wireless Interface 933 is implemented. At least a portion of the functionality may also be implemented by the processor 921 .
  • the processor 921 may implement spectrum trading by executing the functions of the first processing unit 101 described above with reference to FIG. 1 , the second processing unit 601 described with reference to FIG. 6 , and the third processing unit 701 described with reference to FIG. 9 .
  • the techniques of this disclosure may also be implemented as an in-vehicle system (or vehicle) 940 that includes one or more blocks of a car navigation device 920 , an in-vehicle network 941 , and a vehicle module 942 .
  • the vehicle module 942 generates vehicle data such as vehicle speed, engine speed, and fault information, and outputs the generated data to the in-vehicle network 941 .
  • the present invention also provides a program product storing machine-readable instruction codes.
  • the instruction code is read and executed by a machine, the above method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be executed.
  • Storage media include, but are not limited to, floppy disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, memory cards, memory sticks, and the like.
  • a program constituting the software is installed from a storage medium or a network to a computer having a dedicated hardware configuration (for example, a general-purpose computer 1800 shown in FIG. 18 ) in which various programs are installed. can perform various functions, etc.
  • a central processing unit (CPU) 1801 executes various processes according to a program stored in a read only memory (ROM) 1802 or a program loaded from a storage section 1808 to a random access memory (RAM) 1803.
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • data required when the CPU 1801 executes various processes and the like is also stored as needed.
  • the CPU 1801, the ROM 1802, and the RAM 1803 are connected to each other via a bus 1804.
  • Input/output interface 1805 is also connected to bus 1804.
  • the following components are connected to the input/output interface 1805: an input section 1806 (including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.), an output section 1807 (including a display such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc.), A storage part 1808 (including a hard disk, etc.), a communication part 1809 (including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, etc.). The communication section 1809 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet.
  • a driver 1810 may also be connected to the input/output interface 1805 as desired.
  • a removable medium 1811 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc. is mounted on the drive 1810 as needed, so that a computer program read therefrom is installed into the storage section 1808 as needed.
  • a program constituting the software is installed from a network such as the Internet or a storage medium such as the removable medium 1811 .
  • such a storage medium is not limited to the removable medium 1811 shown in FIG. 18 in which the program is stored and distributed separately from the device to provide the program to the user.
  • the removable media 1811 include magnetic disks (including floppy disks (registered trademark)), optical disks (including compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM) and digital versatile disk (DVD)), magneto-optical disks (including minidisc (MD) (registered trademark) trademark)) and semiconductor memory.
  • the storage medium may be the ROM 1802, a hard disk contained in the storage section 1808, or the like, in which programs are stored and distributed to users together with the devices containing them.
  • each component or each step can be decomposed and/or recombined. These disaggregations and/or recombinations should be considered equivalents of the present invention. Also, the steps of executing the above-described series of processes can naturally be executed in chronological order in the order described, but need not necessarily be executed in chronological order. Certain steps may be performed in parallel or independently of each other.
  • the present technology can also be implemented as follows.
  • a management electronic device for wireless communication comprising:
  • processing circuitry configured as:
  • the electronic device acquires a second distribution attribute of the electronic device for the spectrum in the second area of the reference point, so as to manage the transaction of the spectrum based on the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute.
  • the first distribution attribute is represented by a first heat vector, wherein the first heat vector represents the first heat vector in the first area, respectively included in the first plurality of concentric circles with the management electronic device as the center. the number of spectrum acquisition electronics, and
  • the second distribution attribute is represented by a second heat vector, wherein the second heat vector indicates that the second plurality of concentric circles in the second region with the spectrum providing electronic device as the center respectively include: The number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices.
  • the first distribution attribute is characterized by a first quadrant vector, wherein the first quadrant vector represents each of a third plurality of concentric circles in the first region centered on the management electronic device the number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each of the four concentric quadrants, and
  • the second distribution property is represented by a second quadrant vector, wherein the second quadrant vector indicates that the four quadrants of the circle in the second region and the spectrum providing electronic device as the center of the circle respectively include: The number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device gives the selling price range based on the first distribution attribute and the second distribution attribute
  • the spectrum obtaining electronic device that wants to acquire the spectrum is given based on the first distribution attribute the quoted price.
  • the quotation is selected from the quotations of the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment for which the spectrum is to be acquired, which is higher than the specified price. the lowest quotation for the upper limit of the said selling price range as the transaction price of said spectrum;
  • the quotations of the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment to acquire the spectrum are all lower than the lower limit of the selling price range, select the highest quotation from the quotations of the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment to acquire the spectrum, and calculate the selected highest quotation
  • the first condition includes that the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment and the spectrum providing electronic equipment involved in the spectrum transaction are located in the same sector of the management electronic equipment, and the second condition includes that the spectrum providing electronic equipment is located in the same sector as the spectrum acquisition electronic equipment. within a predetermined area centered on electronic equipment.
  • the predetermined area is a circle
  • the management electronic device is a subject in a spectrum management system configured as a blockchain architecture, wherein the spectrum management system includes a plurality of subjects that, in addition to the management electronic device, include the at least one of spectrum acquisition electronics, spectrum providing electronics, and other electronics, and each of the plurality of entities holds the same copy of the database, wherein the plurality of entities are updated based on information on spectrum transactions that are validated as valid A copy of the database held by the principals separately.
  • the signal-to-interference-to-noise ratio of the other electronic device is determined according to the interference to the other electronic device when the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the spectrum transaction uses the traded spectrum, and when the signal-to-interference and noise ratio is greater than that for the other electronic device When the predetermined signal-to-interference-noise ratio threshold set by the other electronic device is exceeded, the other electronic device verifies that the spectrum transaction is valid.
  • the verification area is a circular area centered on the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the spectrum transaction.
  • a spectrum providing electronic device for wireless communication comprising:
  • processing circuitry configured as:
  • the first distribution attribute is the distribution attribute of the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the first area with the management electronic device as the reference point
  • the second distribution attribute is the spectrum providing electronic device as the reference point
  • the spectrum in the second region acquires the distribution properties of the electronic equipment.
  • the first distribution attribute is represented by a first heat vector, wherein the first heat vector represents the first heat vector in the first area, respectively included in the first plurality of concentric circles with the management electronic device as the center. the number of spectrum acquisition electronics, and
  • the second distribution attribute is represented by a second heat vector, wherein the second heat vector indicates that the second plurality of concentric circles in the second region with the spectrum providing electronic device as the center respectively include: The number of spectrum acquisition electronics.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device upon determining that the spectrum providing electronic device is located between a first concentric circle having a first radius and a second concentric circle having a second radius greater than the first radius among the first plurality of concentric circles, Obtain a first number of electronic devices based on a spectrum corresponding to the first radius in the first radius and the first heat vector, and obtain a first number of electronic devices in the second radius and the first heat vector. calculating the second number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices corresponding to the second radius, calculating an anchor point heat factor representing the distribution density of spectrum acquisition electronic devices at the location of the spectrum providing electronic device in the first area,
  • the calculation of a radius corresponding to each of the first plurality of concentric circles and the number of spectrum acquisition electronics corresponding to the radius included in the first heat vector The spectrum corresponding to the circle obtains the distribution density of the electronic device, and uses the highest distribution density among the calculated distribution densities as the highest heat factor, and
  • the sale price is also determined based on the highest heat factor.
  • a weighting factor is assigned to the distribution density corresponding to that concentric circle.
  • the first distribution attribute is characterized by a first quadrant vector, wherein the first quadrant vector represents each of a third plurality of concentric circles in the first region centered on the management electronic device the number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each of the four concentric quadrants, and
  • the second distribution property is represented by a second quadrant vector, wherein the second quadrant vector indicates that the four quadrants of the circle in the second region and the spectrum providing electronic device as the center of the circle respectively include: The number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices.
  • a calculation indicating where the spectrum providing electronic device is located in the second area is calculated the current quadrant factor of the distribution density of the obtained electronic device in the frequency spectrum at the location, and
  • the sale price is also determined based on the highest quadrant factor.
  • the spectrum providing electronic equipment is the main body in the spectrum management system configured as a blockchain architecture, wherein, in the spectrum management system, in addition to the spectrum providing electronic equipment, management electronic equipment, spectrum acquisition electronic equipment are also included. device and at least one of other electronic devices.
  • a spectrum acquisition electronic device for wireless communication comprising:
  • processing circuitry configured as:
  • the management electronic device is an electronic device that manages the spectrum acquisition electronic device.
  • the distribution attribute is represented by a heat intensity vector, the heat intensity vector representing the number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices respectively included in the first plurality of concentric circles centered on the management electronic device in the region.
  • the spectrum providing electronic device determines that the spectrum providing electronic device is located in a first concentric circle having a first radius among the plurality of first concentric circles and having a diameter greater than obtaining a first number of electronic devices based on the first radius and the spectrum corresponding to the first radius in the heat vector , and a second number of spectrum acquisition electronics corresponding to the second radius in the second radius and the heat vector, estimated to represent the location of the spectrum providing electronics within the area
  • the spectrum obtains the anchor heat factor of the distribution density of electronic devices
  • the price value corresponding to the anchor point heat factor is estimated based on the highest price and the lowest price in the predetermined price list, and the quotation is generated based on the price value.
  • the corresponding to each concentric circle is separately calculated.
  • the spectrum acquires the distribution density of the electronic device, and uses the highest distribution density among the calculated distribution densities as the highest heat factor and the lowest distribution density among the calculated distribution densities as the lowest heat factor, and
  • the price value corresponding to the anchor point heat factor is also estimated based on the highest heat factor and the lowest heat factor.
  • the distribution attribute is characterized by a first quadrant vector representing four quadrants of each of the third plurality of concentric circles in the region centered on the management electronic device The number of spectrum acquisition electronics included in each.
  • the quotation of the spectrum to be traded is also determined based on a second quadrant vector, wherein the second quadrant vector indicates that the four quadrants of the circle with the spectrum providing electronic device of the spectrum to be traded as the center of the circle respectively include: The number of spectrum acquisition electronic devices.
  • Calculations related to the number of spectral acquisition electronics included in each of the four quadrants corresponding to the radius in the first quadrant vector are based on the radius of each of the third plurality of concentric circles.
  • the spectrum corresponding to each quadrant of each concentric circle is used to obtain the distribution density of the electronic device, and the highest distribution density in the calculated distribution densities is taken as the highest quadrant factor and the lowest distribution density in the calculated distribution densities is taken as lowest quadrant factor,
  • a price value corresponding to the current quadrant factor is estimated, and the quotation is generated based on the price value.
  • the quotes are randomly generated according to a Gaussian distribution, wherein the price value is taken as the mean of the Gaussian distribution, and the variance of the Gaussian distribution is generated based on the highest price and the lowest price.
  • the spectrum acquisition electronic device is the main body in the spectrum management system configured as a blockchain architecture, wherein, in the spectrum management system, in addition to the spectrum acquisition electronic device, it also includes management electronic equipment, spectrum providing electronic equipment, device and at least one of other electronic devices.
  • a method for wireless communication comprising:
  • a method for wireless communication comprising:
  • a selling price range of the spectrum to be traded in the spectrum transaction related to the spectrum providing electronic device is determined, for conduct said spectrum transaction,
  • the first distribution attribute is the distribution attribute of the spectrum acquisition electronic device in the first area with the management electronic device as the reference point
  • the second distribution attribute is the spectrum providing electronic device as the reference point
  • the spectrum in the second region acquires the distribution properties of the electronic equipment.
  • a method for wireless communication comprising:
  • the management electronic device is an electronic device that manages the spectrum acquisition electronic device.

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Abstract

提供了一种用于无线通信的管理电子设备和方法、计算机可读介质，其中，管理电子设备包括处理电路，其被配置为：确定以管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的第一分布属性，以及针对在管理电子设备的管理范围内待交易的频谱，确定以频谱的频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的第二分布属性，以基于第一分布属性和第二分布属性管理频谱的交易。

Description

用于无线通信的管理电子设备和方法、计算机可读介质 技术领域
本公开涉及无线通信技术领域，具体地涉及与频谱交易相关的处理。更具体地，涉及一种用于无线通信的管理电子设备和方法、用于无线通信的频谱提供电子设备和方法、用于无线通信的频谱获取电子设备和方法以及计算机可读介质。
背景技术
5G作为国家大力推广的新基建支撑技术，具有三大典型引用场景：增强型移动宽带(eMBB)、高可靠低时延(uRLLC)和海量物联(mMTC)，5G具有的基本特点为：高速度、低时延、广连接、超密集异构网络、软件定义网络(SDN)和网络功能虚拟化(NFV)、新型网络架构。
为了缓解频谱资源的紧张，5G网络中允许对频谱资源进行精细化管理，实现不同频段的频谱资源共享、不同终端频谱资源的交换利用、以及多种网络(例如5G网络频谱、物联网垂直行业频谱、WIFI免受权频谱)动态共享。
通常在4G或5G网络中，基站会给不同的终端分布不同的频谱资源。如果某些终端在某些时段不需要进行通信或者不需要那么多分配的频谱资源进行通信，一个很好的想法是这些终端可以将闲置的频谱资源交易给其它急需频谱资源的终端，这样这个系统的频谱效率得到很大的提升。
发明内容
在下文中给出了关于本发明的简要概述，以便提供关于本发明的某些方面的基本理解。应当理解，这个概述并不是关于本发明的穷举性概述。它并不是意图确定本发明的关键或重要部分，也不是意图限定本发明的范围。其目的仅仅是以简化的形式给出某些概念，以此作为稍后论述的更详细描述的前序。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种用于无线通信的管理电子设备， 管理电子设备包括处理电路，处理电路被配置为：确定以所述管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的第一分布属性，以及针对在所述管理电子设备的管理范围内待交易的频谱，确定以所述频谱的频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的第二分布属性，以基于所述第一分布属性和所述第二分布属性管理所述频谱的交易。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种用于无线通信的频谱提供电子设备，频谱提供电子设备包括处理电路，处理电路被配置为：基于由对所述频谱提供电子设备进行管理的管理电子设备所确定的第一分布属性和第二分布属性，确定与所述频谱提供电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的出售价格区间，以供进行所述频谱交易，其中，所述第一分布属性是以所述管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，以及所述第二分布属性是以所述频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种用于无线通信的频谱获取电子设备，频谱获取电子设备包括处理电路，处理电路被配置为：基于以管理电子设备为参考点的区域内各频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，确定与所述频谱获取电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的报价，以供进行所述频谱交易，其中，所述管理电子设备是对所述频谱获取电子设备进行管理的电子设备。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：确定以管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的第一分布属性，以及针对在所述管理电子设备的管理范围内待交易的频谱，确定以所述频谱的频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的第二分布属性，以基于所述第一分布属性和所述第二分布属性管理所述频谱的交易。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：基于由对频谱提供电子设备进行管理的管理电子设备所确定的第一分布属性和第二分布属性，确定与所述频谱提供电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的出售价格区间，以供进行所述频谱交易，其中，所述第一分布属性是以所述管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，以及所述第二分布属性是以所述频谱提供电子设备为 参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：基于以管理电子设备为参考点的区域内各频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，确定与频谱获取电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的报价，以供进行所述频谱交易，其中，所述管理电子设备是对所述频谱获取电子设备进行管理的电子设备
依据本发明的其它方面，还提供了用于实现上述用于无线通信的方法的计算机程序代码和计算机程序产品以及其上记录有该用于实现上述用于无线通信的方法的计算机程序代码的计算机可读介质。
通过以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例的详细说明，本发明的这些以及其他优点将更加明显。
附图说明
为了进一步阐述本发明的以上和其它优点和特征，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。所述附图连同下面的详细说明一起包含在本说明书中并且形成本说明书的一部分。具有相同的功能和结构的元件用相同的参考标号表示。应当理解，这些附图仅描述本发明的典型示例，而不应看作是对本发明的范围的限定。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本公开的实施例的用于无线通信的管理电子设备的功能模块框图；
图2是示出根据本公开实施例的频谱管理系统的示例的图；
图3是示出根据本公开实施例的确定频谱获取电子设备所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合的示意图；
图4示出了根据本公开实施例的区块的结构的示例；
图5是示出根据本公开实施例的有关频谱交易的示意性信息交互图；
图6示出了根据本公开的实施例的用于无线通信的频谱提供电子设备的功能模块框图；
图7示出了根据本公开实施例的用于确定第二热度矢量的示意图；
图8示出了根据本公开实施例的第一多个同心圆和第二多个同心圆 的示意图；
图9示出了根据本公开的实施例的用于无线通信的频谱获取电子设备的功能模块框图；
图10是示出根据本公开实施例的频谱管理系统的应用场景的图；
图11示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的用于无线通信的方法的流程图；
图12示出了根据本公开的另一实施例的用于无线通信的方法的流程图；
图13示出了根据本公开的另一实施例的用于无线通信的方法的流程图；
图14是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的eNB或gNB的示意性配置的第一示例的框图；
图15是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的eNB或gNB的示意性配置的第二示例的框图；
图16是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的智能电话的示意性配置的示例的框图；
图17是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的汽车导航设备的示意性配置的示例的框图；以及
图18是其中可以实现根据本发明的实施例的方法和/或装置和/或系统的通用个人计算机的示例性结构的框图。
具体实施方式
在下文中将结合附图对本发明的示范性实施例进行描述。为了清楚和简明起见，在说明书中并未描述实际实施方式的所有特征。然而，应该了解，在开发任何这种实际实施例的过程中必须做出很多特定于实施方式的决定，以便实现开发人员的具体目标，例如，符合与系统及业务相关的那些限制条件，并且这些限制条件可能会随着实施方式的不同而有所改变。此外，还应该了解，虽然开发工作有可能是非常复杂和费时的，但对得益于本公开内容的本领域技术人员来说，这种开发工作仅仅 是例行的任务。
在此，还需要说明的一点是，为了避免因不必要的细节而模糊了本发明，在附图中仅仅示出了与根据本发明的方案密切相关的设备结构和/或处理步骤，而省略了与本发明关系不大的其他细节。
图1示出了根据本公开的实施例的用于无线通信的管理电子设备100的功能模块框图。如图1所示，管理电子设备100包括第一处理单元101。第一处理单元101被配置为确定以管理电子设备100为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的第一分布属性，以及针对在管理电子设备100的管理范围内待交易的频谱，确定以频谱的频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的第二分布属性，以基于第一分布属性和第二分布属性管理频谱的交易。
作为示例，频谱获取电子设备是用于获取(例如，购买)频谱的电子设备，频谱提供电子设备是用于提供(例如，出售)频谱的电子设备，管理电子设备是对频谱交易进行管理的电子设备。
第一处理单元101可以由一个或多个处理电路实现，该处理电路例如可以实现为芯片。
管理电子设备100例如可以设置在基站侧或者可通信地连接到基站。例如，管理电子设备100可以工作为基站本身，并且还可以包括诸如存储器、收发器(未示出)等外部设备。存储器可以用于存储基站实现各种功能需要执行的程序和相关数据信息。收发器可以包括一个或多个通信接口以支持与不同设备(例如，用户设备、其他基站等等)间的通信，这里不具体限制收发器的实现形式。
作为示例，管理电子设备可以是基站，频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备可以是用户设备(UE)(在下文中，有时简称为终端)。然而，本公开不限于此。例如，管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备都可以是基站。
另外，例如，频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备可以是UE，管理电子设备可以是具有对频谱交易的管理功能的UE。
在管理电子设备具有对频谱交易的管理功能情况下，管理电子设备100例如可以设置在用户设备侧或者可通信地连接到用户设备。例如，管 理电子设备100可以工作为用户设备本身，并且还可以包括诸如存储器、收发器(图中未示出)等外部设备。存储器可以用于存储用户设备实现各种功能需要执行的程序和相关数据信息。收发器可以包括一个或多个通信接口以支持与不同设备(例如，基站、其他用户设备等等)间的通信，这里不具体限制收发器的实现形式。
本领域技术人员还可以想到管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备的其他示例，这里不再累述。
作为示例，管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备的身份可以是动态变化的。例如，假设在一个时间点处或一个时间段内，电子设备A是管理电子设备、电子设备B是频谱获取电子设备、以及电子设备C是频谱提供电子设备。在另一个时间点处或另一个时间段内，电子设备A可以是管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备、频谱提供电子设备、以及除了管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备之外的其他电子设备中的一者，电子设备B可以是管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备、频谱提供电子设备、以及除了管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备之外的其他电子设备中的一者，电子设备C可以是管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备、频谱提供电子设备、以及除了管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备之外的其他电子设备中的一者。
作为示例，不同频谱提供电子设备所提供的频谱可以相同或者不相同。在存在提供相同频谱的不同频谱提供电子设备的情况下，频谱获取电子设备可以与上述不同频谱提供电子设备至少之一进行频谱交易。
在下文中，以管理电子设备是基站、频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备是UE为例来进行描述。
图2是示出根据本公开实施例的频谱管理系统的示例的图。在图2中，基站BS是管理电子设备，用户设备UE1、UE2和UE5是频谱获取电子设备，用户设备UE3和UE4是频谱提供电子设备。如图2所示，用户设备UE1-UE5与基站BS进行通信。其中，UE3和UE4在有些时段没有通信的需求或者通信对频谱资源的使用量很少，这些用户设备可以把闲置的频谱资源拿出来进行交易。假设UE1、UE2和UE5对通信速率的要求较高，需要更多的频谱资源，需要从频谱提供电子设备获得所需的 频谱资源。在图2中，用虚线的单向箭头表示提供频谱(即，出售频谱)，用实线的单向箭头表示获取频谱(即，购买频谱)。如图2所示，当两个频谱获取电子设备相距较近时(例如UE1和UE5)，可能会因为购买的频谱资源产生相互干扰。值得注意的是，在频谱交易过程中，允许一个频谱获取电子设备向多个频谱提供电子设备报价，而且频谱交易的买卖双方可能因为价格原因达不成交易，也可能因为干扰影响而无法完成交易。
以管理电子设备100为参考点的第一区域可以是以管理电子设备100为参考点的任何形状的区域，例如，以管理电子设备100为中心的任何形状的区域(例如，圆形区域或者矩形区域)。
以频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域可以是以频谱提供电子设备为参考点的任何形状的区域，例如，以频谱提供电子设备为中心的任何形状的区域(例如，圆形区域或者矩形区域)。
作为示例，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要、经验或实验等确定第一区域和第二区域的大小。
作为示例，在管理电子设备100的管理范围内存在多个待交易的频谱，管理电子设备100可以确定与多个待交易的频谱所对应的频谱获取电子设备在第一区域内的第一分布属性(即，存在于第一区域内的所有频谱获取电子设备的分布属性)，以及可以确定与多个待交易的频谱所对应的频谱获取电子设备在第二区域内的第二分布属性(即，存在于第二区域内的所有频谱获取电子设备的分布属性)。针对所述多个待交易的频谱中的至少一个待交易的频谱，管理电子设备100可以基于第一分布属性和第二分布属性来管理所述至少一个频谱的交易。
现有技术中的管理电子设备在对频谱交易进行管理时，没有考虑频谱获取电子设备的分布属性。然而，根据以上描述可以知道，根据本公开实施例的管理电子设备100基于上述第一分布属性和第二分布属性有效地管理系统中的频谱交易，从而提高系统的频谱效率。
作为示例，第一分布属性可以由第一热度矢量来表征，其中，第一热度矢量表示第一区域中的、以管理电子设备100为圆心的第一多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，以及第二分布属性由第二热度矢量来表征，其中，第二热度矢量表示第二区域中的、以频谱提供 电子设备为圆心的第二多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。第一热度矢量用来衡量管理电子设备100周围的频谱获取电子设备在第一多个同心圆中的每个同心圆内的全局密度，以及第二热度矢量用来衡量频谱提供电子设备周围的频谱获取电子设备在第二多个同心圆中的每个同心圆内的全局密度。有关第一热度矢量和第二热度矢量的描述，请参见下文中要描述的频谱提供电子设备600和频谱获取电子设备700的实施例。
作为示例，第一分布属性可以由第一象限矢量来表征，其中，第一象限矢量表示第一区域中的、以管理电子设备100为圆心的第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，以及第二分布属性可以由第二象限矢量来表征，其中，第二象限矢量表示第二区域中的、以频谱提供电子设备为圆心的圆形的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。第一象限矢量用来衡量管理电子设备100周围的频谱获取电子设备在不同象限内的分区密度，以及第二象限矢量用来衡量频谱提供电子设备周围的频谱获取电子设备在不同象限内的分区密度。有关第一象限矢量和第二象限矢量的描述，请参见下文中要描述的频谱提供电子设备600和频谱获取电子设备700的实施例。
作为示例，第一处理单元101可以被配置为对频谱提供电子设备所给出的关于频谱的出售价格区间和要获取频谱的频谱获取电子设备所给出的对频谱的报价进行匹配，其中，频谱提供电子设备基于第一分布属性和第二分布属性给出出售价格区间，以及要获取频谱的频谱获取电子设备基于第一分布属性给出报价。有关频谱提供电子设备基于第一分布属性和第二分布属性给出出售价格区间以及要获取频谱的频谱获取电子设备基于第一分布属性给出报价的描述，请参见下文中要描述的频谱提供电子设备600和频谱获取电子设备700的实施例。
假设对于单位带宽W的频率，所有用户设备和基站都有一个公共认知的预定的价目表，价目表的最低价格为Y min，最高价格为Y max。假设价目表中的区间数量为M(M是大于等于1的正整数)，其中，价目表中的价格档位可以是等距或不等距的(即，各个区间的大小可以相同或者不相同)。为了便于描述，下文中假设价目表中的价格档位是等距的，那么所有价格档位的值可以表示为：Y k＝Y min+k(Y max-Y min)/M，k＝0，…，M。其中，第j+1个出售价格区间可以表示为[Y j,Y j+1]，j＝0，1，…，M-1，其 中，Y j为第j+1个出售价格区间的下限，Y j+1为第j+1个出售价格区间的上限，Y 0＝Y min以及Y M＝Y max。
根据本公开实施例的管理电子设备100可以对出售价格区间和报价进行匹配，即，对频谱提供电子设备和要获取频谱的频谱获取电子设备进行撮合，以促成对频谱的交易。
作为示例，第一处理单元101可以被配置为通过以下之一来确定频谱的成交价格：如果在要获取频谱的频谱获取电子设备中存在其报价位于出售价格区间内的一个或多个频谱获取电子设备，则从一个或多个频谱获取电子设备的报价中挑选最高的报价作为频谱的成交价格；如果在要获取频谱的频谱获取电子设备中不存在其报价位于出售价格区间内的频谱获取电子设备，则从要获取频谱的频谱获取电子设备的报价中挑选报价高于出售价格区间的上限的最低报价，作为频谱的成交价格；以及如果要获取频谱的频谱获取电子设备的报价都低于出售价格区间的下限，则从要获取频谱的频谱获取电子设备的报价中挑选最高报价，并且计算所挑选出的最高报价和出售价格区间的下限的均值，以及将从所挑选出的最高报价、均值以及出售价格区间的下限中选出的一个作为频谱的成交价格。
例如，假设频谱提供电子设备的出售价格区间为[Y j,Y j+1](j＝0，1，…，M-1)，频谱提供电子设备会收到多个频谱获取电子设备的报价。
如果有频谱获取电子设备的报价位于区间[Y j,Y j+1]，则挑选这些报价中最高的报价作为成交价格，具有所挑选的具有最高报价的频谱获取电子设备成为该频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备。
在所有频谱获取电子设备的报价都位于区间[Y j,Y j+1]之外的情况下，管理电子设备100先挑选报价当中的高于Y j+1的最低报价，如果存在这样的报价，则挑选此报价作为成交价格，具有所挑选的报价的频谱获取电子设备成为该频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备。
在所有频谱获取电子设备的报价都低于Y j的情况下，管理电子设备 100挑选所有频谱获取电子设备的报价当中的最高报价y lm。管理电子设备100计算最高报价y lm和出售价格区间下限Y j的均价：(y lm+Y j)/2。例如，管理电子设备100可以将y lm、Y j、(y lm+Y j)/2这三个价格分别反馈给频谱提供电子设备和频谱获取电子设备，让频谱提供电子设备和频谱获取电子设备对这三个价格进行选择(允许多选)。频谱提供电子设备和频谱获取电子设备会把选择的结果反馈给管理电子设备100，管理电子设备100检查是否存在频谱提供电子设备和频谱获取电子设备对这三个价格的共同的选择。如果存在频谱提供电子设备和频谱获取电子设备的多个共同的价格选择，管理电子设备100选择有利于频谱提供电子设备的价格作为成交价格，例如，管理电子设备100可以选择多个共同的价格中的最高价格作为成交价格。
作为示例，第一处理单元101可以被配置为根据第一条件和第二条件中的至少之一，确定在管理电子设备100的管理范围内的频谱获取电子设备所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合，其中，第一条件包括频谱的交易中涉及的频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备位于管理电子设备100的同一扇区，第二条件包括频谱提供电子设备位于以频谱获取电子设备为中心的预定区域内。
频谱获取电子设备所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合包括就频谱获取电子设备要获取的频谱而言，可以与频谱获取电子设备进行交易的所有频谱提供电子设备。
由于频谱提供电子设备在把频谱交易给频谱获取电子设备之后，频 谱资源使用权的转移会导致整个频谱管理系统中基站以及各个用户设备相互干扰关系的重塑。通过规范发生交易的频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备，可以有效地减少因为频谱资源使用权转移导致的干扰关系的改变。
上述第一条件规定发生交易的频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备需要位于管理电子设备100(例如，基站)的同一个扇区，这样当基站采用波束成形技术时，频谱资源的交易只发生在扇区内，对扇区以外的用户设备是没有影响的。
可以采用a 1和a 2两个参数来规范扇区，a 1和a 2分别是扇区的起始边和终止边对应的弧度，取值范围为0到2π。a 1和a 2的具体确定，和基站一开始对于频谱资源的划分有关。假设基站将覆盖范围内的圆形区域划分为多个扇区，不相邻的扇区可以采用相同的频谱资源，这样可以最大化利用频谱资源。
图3是示出根据本公开实施例的确定频谱获取电子设备所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合的示意图。在图3中，示意性地示出了基站BS的扇区1到扇区3，其中，扇区1和扇区2具有相同的频谱资源。假设UE1是频谱获取电子设备，其位于扇区1内，UE2-UE5是频谱提供电子设备。上述第一条件将与UE1对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合限定在扇区1内(例如，与UE1对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合包括位于扇区1内的UE2和UE4)，这样可以避免由于UE1与扇区2内的频谱提供电子设备交易而导致出现电子设备之间的干扰。
上述第二条件规定与频谱获取电子设备发生交易的频谱提供电子设备位于以频谱获取电子设备为中心的预定区域内。作为示例，该预定区域可以是以频谱获取电子设备为中心的任何形状的区域。为了简便，以预定区域是以频谱获取电子设备为中心的圆形区域为例来进行描述。
作为示例，第一处理单元101可以被配置为在预定区域为圆形的情况下，计算圆形内包括预定数量的频谱提供电子设备的情况下所对应的第一计算半径和频谱获取电子设备到不同于频谱获取电子设备所位于的扇区的另一同频扇区的外切圆的第二计算半径，其中圆形的半径小于等于第一计算半径和第二计算半径两者。
上述第二条件要求在以频谱获取电子设备为中心的圆形区域内最多包含预定数量N(N是大于等于1的正整数)个频谱提供电子设备。可以用R UE(N)表示上述第一计算半径(其是以频谱获取电子设备为中心的圆形区域内包含N个频谱提供电子设备的最小半径)。在图3中示出了当N＝4时所计算出的第一计算半径R UE(4)(其是以频谱获取电子设备为中心的圆形区域内包含4个频谱提供电子设备例如UE2-UE5的最小半径)。另外，上述第二条件还要求以频谱获取电子设备为中心的圆形区域不能覆盖以基站为中心的扇形分割的区域当中的同频的两个扇形区域。如果用R tar表示图3中的UE1到与扇区1的同频扇区(扇区2)的外切圆的半径，则以频谱获取电子设备为中心的圆形区域的半径R b<min{R UE(N),R tar}，其中min{R UE(N),R tar}表示取R UE(N)和R tar当中较小的值。假设R tar小于R UE(N)，因此，R b小于等于R tar。如图3所示，通过半径R b的圆形区域，可以确定与UE1对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合包括UE2和UE3。
上述第二条件可以使得频谱交易只在局部发生，在频谱交易前后，因频谱资源的转移不会对基站覆盖的整个范围产生影响。
作为示例，可以在确定频谱获取电子设备所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合的过程中，可以总是根据第一条件来确定频谱提供电子设备的集合，或者可以总是根据第二条件来确定频谱提供电子设备的集合，或者有时根据第一条件、而有时根据第二条件来确定频谱提供电子设备的集合。可以将根据第一条件确定的频谱提供电子设备的集合作为与频谱获取电子设备所对应的最终频谱提供电子设备的集合，或者可以将根据第二条件确定的频谱提供电子设备的集合作为与频谱获取电子设备所对应的最终频谱提供电子设备的集合，或者，可以将根据第一条件确定的频谱提供电子设备的集合和根据第二条件确定的频谱提供电子设备的集合取交集，并将交集作为与频谱获取电子设备所对应的最终频谱提供电子设备的集合。
例如，管理电子设备100可以基于频谱获取电子设备的最低数据传送速率需求计算频谱提供电子设备的范围，并在该范围内确定频谱获取电子设备所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合。
根据以上描述可知，确定频谱获取电子设备所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合使得可以减少频谱资源使用权的转移所导致的邻频或同频干扰。
作为示例，管理电子设备100可以是被配置为区块链架构的频谱管理系统中的主体，其中，频谱管理系统包括多个主体，多个主体除了管理 电子设备可以之外还包括频谱获取电子设备、频谱提供电子设备以及其他电子设备中至少之一，以及多个主体各自持有相同的数据库副本，其中，基于被验证为有效的频谱交易的信息来更新多个主体分别持有的数据库副本。
本公开的实施例提供了区块链与频谱交易技术的结合。区块链可以有效记录交易，作为各个电子设备关于频谱交易信息交互的载体，保证频谱交易的安全性和可靠性。例如，以5G通信为例，区块链可以应用到5G通信的一个典型场景是动态频谱管理与共享。例如，区块链可以帮助5G解决用户隐私信息安全、线上交易信任确立、虚拟知识产权保护等问题。另外，区块链作为分布式账本技术，可以用来管理多种网络和多种终端对多种频谱的共享分配和使用问题。本公开不限于将区块链与5G通信相结合，上述区块链与5G通信相结合的说明也适用于区块链与除了5G通信之外的其他通信系统(例如，4G通信等)的结合。
在与区块链相结合的配置中，每一个电子设备会有一定数量的初始频谱币，由基站负责给予。频谱交易采用频谱币的形式完成，频谱交易会涉及频谱币的转移。
管理电子设备100(例如，基站)可以归纳待进行的交易，并发给区块链中的各个主体。例如，基站在区块中包含每笔待进行的交易的属性信息。
图4示出了根据本公开实施例的区块的结构的示例。在图4中，以区块P为例进行描述。如图4所示，区块包括区块头和区块主体。尽管在图4 中未全部示出，区块头可以封装有当前版本号、前一区块哈希值(前Hash)、当前区块的目标哈希值(目标Hash)、Merkle根以及时间戳等信息。区块主体则包括区块P中的交易的数据(例如，交易数量)。作为示例，区块主体中的待验证交易数据会被进行分组哈希,如图4所示，交易1至交易8的哈希值Hash 1至Hash 8被进行分组哈希，并将生成的新哈希值Hash 1 2、Hash 3 4、Hash 5 6、Hash 7 8插入到Merkle树中,再递归生成Hash 1 2 3 4和Hash 5 6 7 8，这样递归直到只剩最后一个根哈希值Hash1～8并将其记为区块头的Merkle根，最后将Merkle根封装到区块头。由于任意一笔交易数据的变化都会导致Merkle根的变化，因此这种方法可以快速归纳和校验区块数据的存在性和完整性。
在主体是交易的频谱获取电子设备或频谱提供电子设备的情况下，主体核对这笔交易的买卖双方的信息，例如核对交易的频谱资源的带宽、交易价格等信息。如果这些信息没有错误，则同意这笔交易。在主体是在这笔交易发生以后不会受到干扰影响的电子设备的情况下，主体无需对这笔交易进行验证，由于该主体无需做出任何验证，因此不会获得频谱币的奖励。
而在主体是在这笔交易发生以后可能因为干扰而受到影响的电子设备的情况下，主体需要对这笔交易进行验证。作为示例，频谱管理系统中的其他电子设备在判定该其他电子设备位于频谱交易的验证区内的情况下，验证频谱交易的有效性；以及根据在频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备使用所交易的频谱时对其他电子设备的干扰来确定其他电子设备的信干噪比，并且在信干噪比大于针对其他电子设备设置的预定信干噪比 阈值的情况下，其他电子设备验证频谱交易为有效的。
频谱交易可能存在频谱归属权的转移。通过对频谱交易进行验证，可以减少该频谱交易可能会对与所交易的频谱同频道或相邻频道的其他电子设备造成的有害干扰。
验证区可以是以频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备为参考点的任何形状的区域。作为示例，验证区可以是以频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备为中心的圆形区域。作为示例，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要、经验或实验等确定圆形区域的半径的大小。
作为示例，其他电子设备可以根据距频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备的距离d inf判定其是否位于频谱交易的验证区内。
其他电子设备可以利用表达式(1)计算频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备用交易得到的频谱进行通信时对该其他电子设备的干扰。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000001
在表达式(1)中，d inf为其他电子设备可以根据距频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备的距离，P Tx和G Tx分别表示频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备的发射功率和发射增益，α为路径损耗系数，以及λ为所交易的频谱的波长。
然后，其他电子设备可以利用表达式(2)计算频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备用交易得到的频谱进行通信时该其他电子设备的信干噪比。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000002
在表达式(2)中，P Rx表示其他电子设备的接收功率，N 0为噪声功率。
假设针对其他电子设备设置的预定信干噪比阈值表示为SINR th。在信干噪比
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000003
大于预定信干噪比阈值SINR th的情况下，其他电子设备验证频谱交易为有效的。如果
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000004
小于等于预定信干噪比阈值SINR th，说明发生的交易影响该其他电子设备的正常通信，所以该其他电子设备可以不同意这笔交易。
其他电子设备只有在位于验证区内的情况下，才对频谱交易进行验证，因此能够降低验证频谱交易所需的系统开销，并且能够减少验证频谱交易的电子设备的数目，从而提高验证效率。此外，其他电子设备只有在频谱获取电子设备使用所交易的其他电子设备的信干噪比大于预定信干噪比阈值的情况下，才验证频谱交易为有效的，因此有效降低频谱交易对其他电子设备的干扰，从而能够显著提升系统性能(例如，提升电子设备的信干噪比)。
作为示例，上述其他电子设备参与每笔交易的验证会获得一定数量的频谱币奖励。
管理电子设备100(例如，基站)在收集到电子设备对区块内的交易的验证信息之后，会采用投票的方法判断合法和非法的交易。其中，频谱提供电子设备和频谱获取电子设备对该笔交易有一票否决的权利，其他与这笔交易有关联的电子设备(在这笔交易发生以后可能因为干扰而受到影响的电子设备，即上述需要对这笔交易进行验证的其他电子设备)采用少数服从多数的方法来决定交易是否合法。管理电子设备100将合法交易写入新的区块中，并将该区块分发给各个电子设备。
图5是示出根据本公开实施例的有关频谱交易的示意性信息交互图。在图5中，结合区块链进行描述。
在S1中，频谱提供电子设备向管理电子设备100汇报待出售的频谱资源的属性(例如待出售的频谱带宽和中心频点)以及频谱提供电子设备的位置信息；频谱获取电子设备向管理电子设备100汇报想要购买的频谱资源的属性(例如欲购买的频谱带宽和中心频点)。
在S2中，管理电子设备100确定频谱获取电子设备所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合，以及确定第一分布属性和第二分布属性；并且，向频谱获取电子设备通报相对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合和第一分布属性，以及向频谱提供电子设备通报第一分布属性和第二分布属性。
在S3中，频谱提供电子设备根据从管理电子设备100获取的第一分布属性和第二分布属性给出频谱的出售价格区间，频谱获取电子设备基于第一分布属性给出频谱的报价。
在S4中，管理电子设备100对频谱提供电子设备所给出的关于频谱的出售价格区间和频谱获取电子设备所给出的对频谱的报价进行匹配，以撮合频谱交易。
在S5中，管理电子设备100归纳待进行的交易，并发给区块链中的各个电子设备。在电子设备是交易的频谱获取电子设备或频谱提供电子设备，以及电子设备是在这笔交易发生以后可能因为干扰而受到影响的电子设备的情况下，电子设备需要对这笔交易进行验证。
在S6中，对交易进行验证的主体向管理电子设备100上报对交易的验证信息。
在S7中，管理电子设备100将合法交易写入新的区块并将该区块分发给各个电子设备。
根据本公开的另一实施例，还提供了一种用于无线通信的频谱提供电子设备600。图6示出了根据本公开的实施例的用于无线通信的频谱提供电子设备600的功能模块框图。如图6所示，频谱提供电子设备600包括第二处理单元601。第二处理单元601被配置为基于由对频谱提供电子设备600进行管理的管理电子设备所确定的第一分布属性和第二分布属性，确定与频谱提供电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的出售价格区间，以供进行频谱交易。其中，第一分布属性是以管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，以及第二分布属性是以频谱提供电子设备600为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性。
第二处理单元601可以由一个或多个处理电路实现，该处理电路例如可以实现为芯片。
频谱提供电子设备600例如可以设置在用户设备侧或者可通信地连接到用户设备。例如，频谱提供电子设备600可以工作为用户设备本身，并且还可以包括诸如存储器、收发器(图中未示出)等外部设备。存储器可以用于存储用户设备实现各种功能需要执行的程序和相关数据信息。收发器可以包括一个或多个通信接口以支持与不同设备(例如，基站、其他用户设备等等)间的通信，这里不具体限制收发器的实现形式。
频谱提供电子设备600例如可以设置在基站侧或者可通信地连接到基站。例如，频谱提供电子设备600可以工作为基站本身，并且还可以包括诸如存储器、收发器(未示出)等外部设备。存储器可以用于存储基站实现各种功能需要执行的程序和相关数据信息。收发器可以包括一个或多个通信接口以支持与不同设备(例如，用户设备、其他基站等等)间的通信，这里不具体限制收发器的实现形式。
有关管理电子设备、频谱提供电子设备600以及频谱获取电子设备的示例请参见上文中管理电子设备100的实施例，这里不再累述。在下文中，以管理电子设备是基站、频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备600是UE为例来进行描述。
以管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域可以是以管理电子设备为参考点的任何形状的区域，例如，以管理电子设备为中心的任何形状的区域(例如，圆形区域或者矩形区域)。
以频谱提供电子设备600为参考点的第二区域可以是以频谱提供电子设备600为参考点的任何形状的区域，例如，以频谱提供电子设备600为中心的任何形状的区域(例如，圆形区域或者矩形区域)。
作为示例，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要、经验或实验等确定第一区域和第二区域的大小。
作为示例，在管理电子设备的管理范围内存在多个待交易的频谱，管理电子设备可以确定与多个待交易的频谱所对应的频谱获取电子设备在第一区域内的第一分布属性，以及可以确定与多个待交易的频谱所对应的频谱获取电子设备在第二区域内的第二分布属性。
现有技术中的频谱提供电子设备在确定频谱的出售价格时，没有考虑频谱获取电子设备的分布属性。然而，根据本公开实施例的频谱提供电子设备600能够基于第一分布属性和第二分布属性给出待交易的频谱 的合理的出售价格区间，以促进频谱交易，从而提高系统的频谱效率。
作为示例，第一分布属性可以由第一热度矢量来表征，其中，第一热度矢量表示第一区域中的、以管理电子设备为圆心的第一多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，以及第二分布属性可以由第二热度矢量来表征，其中，第二热度矢量表示第二区域中的、以频谱提供电子设备600为圆心的第二多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。第一热度矢量用来衡量管理电子设备周围的频谱获取电子设备在第一多个同心圆中的每个同心圆内的全局密度，以及第二热度矢量用来衡量频谱提供电子设备600周围的频谱获取电子设备在第二多个同心圆中的每个同心圆内的全局密度。
假设以管理电子设备(例如，基站)为圆心的第一多个同心圆的半径依次为R bs1，R bs2，…，R bsQ(Q为大于等于1的正整数)，每个同心圆内包含的频谱获取电子设备的数量依次为(N bs1,N bs2,…,N bsQ)。则，第一热度矢量可以表示为(R bs1,N bs1,R bs2,N bs2,…,R bsQ,N bsQ)。
假设以频谱提供电子设备600为圆心的第二多个同心圆的半径依次为R s1，R s2，…，R sT(T为大于等于1的正整数)，每个同心圆内包含的频谱获取电子设备的数量依次为(N 1,N 2,…,N T)。则，第二热度矢量可以表示为(R s1,N 1,R s2,N 2,…,R sT,N T)。
图7示出了根据本公开实施例的用于确定第二热度矢量的示意图。图7中示出了以频谱提供电子设备600为圆心的半径分别为R s1，R s2,R s3的三个同心圆，其中，X +和X -分别表示X轴的正方向和负方向，Y +和Y -分别表示Y轴的正方向和负方向。在图7中以手机为例共示出了9个用户设备。在这9个用户设备当中，除了频谱提供电子设备600之外，其他的用户设备都是频谱获取电子设备。如图7所示，半径分别为R s1，R s2,R s3的三个同心圆内包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量分别为3、5、8。因此，可以将第二 热度矢量表示为(R s1，3，R s2,5，R s3，8)。
作为示例，第二处理单元601可以被配置为：在确定频谱提供电子设备600位于第一多个同心圆当中具有第一半径的第一同心圆和具有大于第一半径的第二半径的第二同心圆之间的情况下，基于第一半径和第一热度矢量中的与第一半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第一数量、以及第二半径和第一热度矢量中的与第二半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第二数量，计算表示频谱提供电子设备600在第一区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的锚点热度因子H 0，基于第二热度矢量中包括的与第二多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及与该半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量，计算表示频谱提供电子设备600在第二区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的当前热度因子H ot，以及基于预定价目表中的最高价格Y max和最低价格Y min以及锚点热度因子确定与当前热度因子相对应的出售价格Y obj，以及确定出售价格在最低价格Y min到最高价格的Y max范围之内所处于的区间为出售价格区间。
频谱提供电子设备600通过第一热度矢量和第二热度矢量可以得到关于频谱获取电子设备的分布信息，因此能够确定出更加合理的出售价格区间。
例如，假设频谱提供电子设备600与管理电子设备之间的距离为dx，其中，R bsi<dx<R bs(i+1)，R bsi和R bs(i+1)是以管理电子设备为中心的半径为R bs1，R bs2，…，R bsQ的同心圆中的两个相邻同心圆的半径，1≤i≤Q-1。第二处理单元601可以基于距离dx，确定频谱提供电子设备600位于第一多个 同心圆当中具有第一半径R bsi的第一同心圆和具有第二半径R bs(i+1)的第二同心圆之间。
例如，第二处理单元601可以利用以下表达式(3)计算锚点热度因子H 0。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000005
在表达式(3)中，N bsi和N bs(i+1)分别是第一热度矢量中的与第一半径R bsi相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第一数量、以及与第二半径R bs(i+1)相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第二数量。
图8示出了根据本公开实施例的第一多个同心圆和第二多个同心圆的示意图。在图8中，用BS表示管理电子设备，用UE1表示频谱提供电子设备600，UE2-UE4分别表示频谱获取电子设备。如图8所示，以实线画出的以BS为圆心的三个同心圆(半径分别为R bs1，R bs2，R bs3)表示上述第一多个同心圆，以虚线画出的以UE1为圆心的三个同心圆表示上述第二多个同心圆。在图8中，UE1位于第一多个同心圆当中的具有第一半径R bs1的第一同心圆和具有第二半径R bs2的第二同心圆之间。
如上所述，第二处理单元601基于第二热度矢量中包括的与第二多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及与该半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量，计算当前热度因子H ot。
作为示例，第二处理单元601可以被配置为将第二热度矢量中包括的与每个半径所对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量除以该半径的平方，得 到分别与每个同心圆对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并且对与每个同心圆对应的分布密度进行加权求和，从而计算出当前热度因子H ot。
为了方便说明，在下文中，假设T为3，即，以频谱提供电子设备600为圆心的第二多个同心圆包括3个同心圆。则第二热度矢量可以表示为(R s1,N 1,R s2,N 2,R s3,N 3)。
第二处理单元601可以利用以下表达式(4)计算当前热度因子H ot。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000006
在表达式(4)中，p 1,p 2,p 3为与不同同心圆对应的权重系数，表示以不同同心圆计算的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度在当前热度因子中的贡献率，并且p 1+p 2+p 3＝1。
作为示例，第二处理单元601可以被配置为：为与每个同心圆对应的分布密度分配相同的加权因子，或者根据每个同心圆的半径，为与该同心圆对应的分布密度分配加权因子。
例如，考虑到实际情况，p 1,p 2,p 3可以相等(例如，都取值为0.33)，表示以不同同心圆计算的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度在当前热度因子中的贡献率相同。或者，可以随着同心圆的半径变大而逐渐减小与同心圆对应的权重系数，例如，在R s1<R s2<R s3的情况下，分别与R s1,R s2,R s3对应的p 1,p 2,p 3的取值可以为0.46、0.33、0.2，表示以半径更小的同心圆计算的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度在当前热度因子中的贡献率更大。
作为示例，第二处理单元601可以被配置为基于第一热度矢量中包括的与第一多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及与该半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量来计算与每个同心圆对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高热度因子H m，以及还基于最高热度因子H m确定出售价格。
第二处理单元601可以利用以下表达式(5)计算最高热度因子H m。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000007
在表达式(5)中，R bs1，R bs2，…，R bsQ分别为第一热度矢量中包括的半径，以及N bs1,N bs2,…,N bsQ为第一热度矢量中包括的、分别与R bs1，R bs2，…，R bsQ对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000008
表示取
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000009
中的最大值作为H m。
第二处理单元601可以利用以下表达式(6)计算出售价格Y obj。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000010
采用表达式(6)，频谱提供电子设备600将基于第一热度矢量和第二热度矢量得到的当前热度因子H ot和锚点热度因子H 0映射为出售价格，从而可以合理地计算出售价格。
第二处理单元601可以将Y obj在最低价格Y min到最高价格的Y max的范围之内所处于的区间确定为出售价格区间。例如，如果满足Y j≤Y obj ≤Y j+1，则第二处理单元601可以确定频谱提供电子设备600的出售价格区间为[Y j,Y j+1](j＝0，1，…，M-1)。
作为示例，第一分布属性可以由第一象限矢量来表征，其中，第一象限矢量表示第一区域中的、以管理电子设备为圆心的第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，以及第二分布属性可以由第二象限矢量来表征，其中，第二象限矢量表示第二区域中的、以频谱提供电子设备600为圆心的圆形的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。第一象限矢量用来衡量管理电子设备周围的频谱获取电子设备在不同象限内的分区密度，以及第二象限矢量用来衡量频谱提供电子设备600周围的频谱获取电子设备在不同象限内的分区密度。
可以结合图7来对四个象限进行说明。如上所述，在图7中，X +和X -分别表示X轴的正方向和负方向，Y +和Y -分别表示Y轴的正方向和负方向。则可以用X +Y +、Y +X -、X -Y -、Y -X +来表示四个象限。
例如，第三多个同心圆与上文中所述的第一多个同心圆可以相同或者不同。
假设以管理电子设备(例如，基站)为圆心的第三多个同心圆的半径依次为R pbs1，R pbs2，…，R pbsK(K为大于等于1的正整数)，上述第三多个同心圆中的第k个同心圆的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量依次为V pbs1_k,V pbs2_k,V pbs3_k,V pbs4_k，其中，k＝1,2,…,K。那么，第一象限矢量可以表示为(R pbs1,V pbs1_1,V pbs2_1,V pbs3_1,V pbs4_1,R pbs2,V pbs1_2, V pbs2_2,V pbs3_2,V pbs4_2,…,R pbsk,V pbs1_k,V pbs2_k,V pbs3_k,V pbs4_k,…,R pbsK,V pbs1_K,V pbs2_K,V pbs3_K,V pbs4_K)。
假设上述以频谱提供电子设备600为圆心的圆形的半径表示为R ps，该圆形的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量依次为V ps1,V ps2,V ps3,V ps4，那么，第二象限矢量可以表示为(R ps,V ps1,V ps2,V ps3,V ps4)。例如，当R ps为图7中示出的R S3时，四个象限X +Y +、Y +X -、X -Y -、Y -X +中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量V ps1,V ps2,V ps3,V ps4依次为1,1,1,5，则第二象限矢量可以表示为(R S3,1,1,1,5)。
作为示例，第二处理单元601可以被配置为：在确定频谱提供电子设备600位于第三多个同心圆当中具有第三半径的第三同心圆和具有大于第三半径的第四半径的第四同心圆之间的情况下，基于第三半径和第一象限矢量中的、与第三半径相对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，计算表示频谱提供电子设备600在第一区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的锚点象限因子H q，基于第二象限矢量中包括的圆形的半径以及四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，计算表示频谱提供电子设备600在第二区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的当前象限因子H axis，以及基于预定价目表中的最高价格Y max和最低价格Y min以及锚点象限因子确定与当前象限因子相对应的出售价格Y obj，以及确定出售价格Y obj在最低价格到最高价格的范围之内所处于的区间为出售价格区间。
频谱提供电子设备600通过第一象限矢量和第二象限矢量可以得到 关于频谱获取电子设备在各个象限内的分区分布信息，因此能够确定出更加合理的出售价格区间。
如上所述，假设频谱提供电子设备600与管理电子设备之间的距离为dx。其中，R pbsk<dx<R pbs(k+1)，R pbsk和R pbs(k+1)为以管理电子设备为中心的半径为R pbs1，R pbs2，…，R pbsK的同心圆中的两个相邻同心圆的半径，1≤k≤K-1。第二处理单元601可以基于距离dx，确定频谱提供电子设备600位于第三多个同心圆当中具有第三半径R pbsk的第三同心圆和具有第四半径R pbs(k+1)的第四同心圆之间。
例如，第二处理单元601可以利用以下表达式(7)计算锚点象限因子H q。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000011
在表达式(7)中，V pbs1_k,V pbs2_k,V pbs3_k,V pbs4_k分别是第一象限矢量中的、与第三半径R pbsk相对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量；q 1,q 2,q 3,q 4为与不同象限对应的权重系数，并且q 1+q 2+q 3+q 4＝1。作为示例，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要、经验或实验等确定q 1,q 2,q 3,q 4的值。
如上所述，第二处理单元601基于第二象限矢量中包括的圆形的半径以及四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，计算当前象限因子H axis。
作为示例，第二处理单元601可以被配置为将第二象限矢量中的四 个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量除以圆形的半径的平方，得到分别与每个象限对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并且对与每个象限对应的分布密度进行加权求和，从而计算出当前象限因子H axis。
例如，第二处理单元601可以利用以下表达式(8)计算当前象限因子H axis。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000012
在表达式(8)中，R ps,V ps1,V ps2,V ps3,V ps4分别是上述以频谱提供电子设备600为圆心的圆形的半径、以及该圆形的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量；q 1,q 2,q 3,q 4为与不同象限对应的权重系数，并且q 1+q 2+q 3+q 4＝1。作为示例，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要、经验或实验等确定q 1,q 2,q 3,q 4的值。
作为示例，第二处理单元601可以被配置为基于第一象限矢量中包括的与第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及第一象限矢量中的与该半径相对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量来计算与每个同心圆的每个象限对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高象限因子，以及还基于最高象限因子确定出售价格。
例如，第二处理单元601可以利用以下表达式(9)计算最高象限因子H pm。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000013
在表达式(9)中，1≤k≤K，R pbsk,V pbs1_k,V pbs2_k,V pbs3_k,V pbs4_k分别是第一象限矢量中的、与第k个同心圆对应的半径R pbsk、以及与该同心圆对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000014
表示取
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000015
(1≤k≤K)中的最大值。
第二处理单元601可以利用以下表达式(10)计算出售价格Y pobj。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000016
采用表达式(10)，频谱提供电子设备600将基于第一象限矢量和第二象限矢量得到的当前象限因子H axis和锚点象限因子H q映射为出售价格，从而可以合理地计算出售价格。
第二处理单元601可以将Y pobj在最低价格Y min到最高价格的Y max的范围之内所处于的区间确定为出售价格区间。例如，如果满足Y j≤Y pobj≤Y j+1，则第二处理单元601可以确定频谱提供电子设备600的出售价格区间为[Y j,Y j+1](j＝0，1，…，M-1)。
作为示例，频谱提供电子设备600是被配置为区块链架构的频谱管理系统中的主体，其中，在频谱管理系统中，除了频谱提供电子设备600之外还包括管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备以及其他电子设备中至少之一。
有关被配置为区块链架构的频谱管理系统请参见根据本公开的管理电子设备100的描述，这里不再累述。
根据本公开的另一实施例，还提供了一种用于无线通信的频谱获取电子设备700。图9示出了根据本公开的实施例的用于无线通信的频谱获取电子设备700的功能模块框图。如图9所示，频谱获取电子设备700包括第三处理单元701。第三处理单元701可以被配置为基于以管理电子设备为参考点的区域内各频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，确定与频谱获取电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的报价，以供进行频谱交易。其中，管理电子设备是对频谱获取电子设备700进行管理的电子设备。
第三处理单元701可以由一个或多个处理电路实现，该处理电路例如可以实现为芯片。
频谱获取电子设备700例如可以设置在用户设备侧或者可通信地连接到用户设备。例如，频谱获取电子设备700可以工作为用户设备本身，并且还可以包括诸如存储器、收发器(图中未示出)等外部设备。存储器可以用于存储用户设备实现各种功能需要执行的程序和相关数据信息。收发器可以包括一个或多个通信接口以支持与不同设备(例如，基站、其他用户设备等等)间的通信，这里不具体限制收发器的实现形式。
频谱获取电子设备700例如可以设置在基站侧或者可通信地连接到基站。例如，频谱获取电子设备700可以工作为基站本身，并且还可以包括诸如存储器、收发器(未示出)等外部设备。存储器可以用于存储基站实现各种功能需要执行的程序和相关数据信息。收发器可以包括一个或多个通信接口以支持与不同设备(例如，用户设备、其他基站等等)间的通信，这里不具体限制收发器的实现形式。
有关管理电子设备、频谱提供电子设备以及频谱获取电子设备700 的示例请参见上文中管理电子设备100的实施例，这里不再累述。在下文中，以管理电子设备是基站、频谱获取电子设备700和频谱提供电子设备是UE为例来进行描述。
以管理电子设备为参考点的区域可以是以管理电子设备为参考点的任何形状的区域，例如，以管理电子设备为中心的任何形状的区域(例如，圆形区域或者矩形区域)。
作为示例，在管理电子设备的管理范围内存在多个待交易的频谱，管理电子设备可以确定与多个待交易的频谱所对应的频谱获取电子设备在上述区域内的分布属性。频谱获取电子设备700可以基于该分布属性，确定与频谱获取电子设备700有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的报价。
现有技术中的频谱获取电子设备在确定频谱的报价时，没有考虑频谱获取电子设备的分布属性。然而，根据本公开实施例的频谱获取电子设备700能够基于上述分布属性确定待交易的频谱的合理的报价，以促进频谱交易，从而提高系统的频谱效率。
作为示例，分布属性可以由热度矢量来表征，热度矢量表示上述区域中的、以管理电子设备为圆心的第一多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。热度矢量用来衡量管理电子设备周围的频谱获取电子设备在第一多个同心圆中的每个同心圆内的全局密度。
本实施例中的第一多个同心圆与根据本公开实施例的频谱提供电子设备600中描述的第一多个同心圆相同，这里不再累述。关于热度矢量，可以参见根据本公开实施例的频谱提供电子设备600中有关第一热度矢 量(R bs1,N bs1,R bs2,N bs2,…,R bsQ,N bsQ)(Q为大于等于1的正整数)的描述，这里不再累述。
作为示例，第三处理单元701可以被配置为：在基于待交易的频谱的频谱提供电子设备在上述区域内的位置信息确定频谱提供电子设备位于多个第一同心圆当中具有第一半径的第一同心圆和具有大于第一半径的第二半径的第二同心圆之间的情况下，基于第一半径和热度矢量中的与第一半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第一数量、以及第二半径和热度矢量中的与第二半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第二数量，估计表示频谱提供电子设备在区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的锚点热度因子，基于预定价目表中的最高价格和最低价格估计锚点热度因子所对应的价格值，以及基于价格值生成报价。
频谱获取电子设备700基于热度矢量来合理地估计价格值，以供后续基于价格值生成报价。
假设频谱获取电子设备700所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合中包括J(J是大于等于1的正整数)个频谱提供电子设备(关于确定频谱获取电子设备700所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合，请参见根据本公开实施例的管理电子设备100中的描述，这里不再累述)。对于频谱提供电子设备的集合中的第j(1≤j≤J)个频谱提供电子设备，第三处理单元701可以基于该频谱提供电子设备在上述区域内的位置信息确定该频谱提供电子设备位于多个第一同心圆当中具有第一半径R bsi的第一同心圆和具有第二半径R bs(i+1)的第二同心圆之间。本实施例中的第一半径R bsi、 第一数量N bsi、第二半径R bs(i+1)、第二数量N bs(i+1)的确定方式与根据本公开实施例的频谱提供电子设备600中结合表达式(3)描述的第一半径R bsi、第一数量N bsi、第二半径R bs(i+1)、第二数量N bs(i+1)的确定方式相同，这里不再累述。
然后，对于频谱提供电子设备的集合中的第j(1≤j≤J)个频谱提供电子设备，第三处理单元701可以利用表达式(3)估计与该频谱提供电子设备对应的锚点热度因子H j(1≤j≤J)。
之后，第三处理单元701可以基于最高价格Y max和最低价格Y min估计锚点热度因子H j所对应的价格值，以及基于价格值生成针对第j(1≤j≤J)个频谱提供电子设备的报价。
作为示例，第三处理单元701可以被配置为基于热度矢量中包括的与第一多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及与该半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量来分别计算与每个同心圆对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高热度因子以及将所计算出的分布密度中的最低分布密度作为最低热度因子，以及还基于最高热度因子和最低热度因子，估计锚点热度因子所对应的价格值。
本实施例中的最高热度因子H m与根据本公开实施例的频谱提供电子设备600中结合表达式(5)描述的最高热度因子H m相同，这里不再累述。
第三处理单元701可以被配置为利用以下表达式(11)计算最低热 度因子H L。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000017
在表达式(11)中，R bs1，R bs2，…，R bsQ分别为热度矢量中包括的半径，以及N bs1,N bs2,…,N bsQ为热度矢量中包括的、分别与R bs1，R bs2，…，R bsQ对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000018
表示取
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000019
中的最小值作为H L。
第三处理单元701可以被配置为利用以下表达式(12)估计锚点热度因子H j所对应的价格值y j。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000020
在表达式(12)中，H m是最高热度因子，H L是最低热度因子，1≤j≤J。
采用表达式(12)，频谱获取电子设备700将基于热度矢量得到的锚点热度因子H j映射为价格值，从而可以合理地估计价格值。
作为示例，分布属性可以由第一象限矢量来表征，第一象限矢量表示上述区域中的、以管理电子设备为圆心的第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。第一象限矢量用来衡量管理电子设备周围的频谱获取电子设备在不同象限内的分区密度。
本实施例中的第三多个同心圆与根据本公开实施例的频谱提供电子设备600中描述的第三多个同心圆相同，这里不再累述。关于第一象限矢量，可以参见根据本公开实施例的频谱提供电子设备600中有关第一 象限矢量(R pbs1,V pbs1_1,V pbs2_1,V pbs3_1,V pbs4_1,R pbs2,V pbs1_2,V pbs2_2,V pbs3_2,V pbs4_2,…,R pbsk,V pbs1_k,V pbs2_k,V pbs3_k,V pbs4_k,…,R pbsK,V pbs1_K,V pbs2_K,V pbs3_K,V pbs4_K)(K为大于等于1的正整数)的描述，这里不再累述。
作为示例，第三处理单元701可以被配置为还基于第二象限矢量来确定待交易的频谱的报价，其中，第二象限矢量表示以待交易的频谱的频谱提供电子设备为圆心的圆形的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。第二象限矢量用来衡量频谱提供电子设备周围的频谱获取电子设备在不同象限内的分区密度。
关于第二象限矢量，可以参见根据本公开实施例的频谱提供电子设备600中有关第二象限矢量(R ps,V ps1,V ps2,V ps3,V ps4)的描述，这里不再累述。
作为示例，第三处理单元701可以被配置为基于第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的半径以及第一象限矢量中的、与该半径相对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量来计算与每个同心圆的每个象限对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高象限因子以及将所计算出的分布密度中的最低分布密度作为最低象限因子，基于第二象限矢量中包括的圆形的半径以及四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，估计表示频谱提供电子设备在圆形内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的当前象限因子，以及基于预定价目表中的最高价格和最低价格、以及最高象限因子和最低象限因子，估计当前象限因子所对应的价格值，以及基于价格值生成报价。
频谱获取电子设备700基于第一象限矢量和第二象限矢量来合理地估计价格值，以供后续基于价格值生成报价
关于本实施例中的最高象限因子H pm，可以参见根据本公开实施例的频谱提供电子设备600中有关结合表达式(9)描述的最高象限因子H pm， 这里不再累述。
第三处理单元701可以利用以下表达式(13)计算最低象限因子H pL。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000021
在表达式(13)中，1≤k≤K，R pbsk,V pbs1_k,V pbs2_k,V pbs3_k,V pbs4_k分别是第一象限矢量中的、与第k个同心圆对应的半径R pbsk、以及与该同心圆对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000022
表示取
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000023
(1≤k≤K)中的最小值。
对于频谱提供电子设备的集合中的第j(1≤j≤J)个频谱提供电子设备，假设其对应的第二象限矢量为(R ps,V ps1,V ps2,V ps3,V ps4)，则第三处理单元701可以利用表达式(8)估计与该频谱提供电子设备对应的当前象限因子H pj(1≤j≤J)。
然后，第三处理单元701可以被配置为利用以下表达式(14)估计当前象限因子H pj所对应的价格值y pj。
Figure PCTCN2021108107-appb-000024
在表达式(14)中，H pm是最高象限因子，H pL是最低象限因子，1≤j≤J。
采用表达式(14)，频谱获取电子设备700将当前象限因子H pj映射为价格值，从而可以合理地估计价格值。
作为示例，第三处理单元701可以被配置为根据高斯分布随机生成 报价，其中，价格值作为高斯分布的均值，并且基于最高价格和最低价格生成高斯分布的方差。随机生成报价有助于使得报价的具体值不可预测，并且随机生成报价可以使得来自频谱获取电子设备的报价有差异性，方便频谱提供电子设备确定要与其进行交易的频谱获取电子设备。
例如，第三处理单元701可以以均值为y j或y pj，方差为a 2的高斯分布φ(y i,a 2)随机生成针对第j(1≤j≤J)个频谱提供电子设备的频谱的报价。例如，a可以取值为：a＝(Y max-Y min)/M，其中M为价目表中的区间数量。
另外，第三处理单元701可以对频谱提供电子设备的集合中的某些频谱提供电子设备不进行竞价，例如y j或y pj可以以预定概率取值为0。
作为示例，频谱获取电子设备700是被配置为区块链架构的频谱管理系统中的主体，其中，在频谱管理系统中，除了频谱获取电子设备700之外还包括管理电子设备、频谱提供电子设备以及其他电子设备中至少之一。
有关被配置为区块链架构的频谱管理系统请参见根据本公开的管理电子设备100的描述，这里不再累述。
假设频谱获取电子设备700拥有的频谱币数量为C，其对J＝3个频谱提供电子设备的频谱的报价依次为Y1、Y2、Y3，要求Y1+Y2+Y3<C。当Y1、Y2、Y3之和超出C，则废弃这些报价，重新随机生成新的报价，如果新的报价之和仍然超出C，则放弃报价。
下面简单描述根据本公开实施例的频谱管理系统的一个应用场景。图10是示出根据本公开实施例的频谱管理系统的应用场景的图。在图10中，以分布属性由热度矢量来表征为例进行描述，假设管理电子设备是基站BS，在图10中示意性地示出了BS的扇区1、扇区2和扇区3。假设根据管理电子设备100实施例中描述的第一条件和第二条件中的至少之一，确定频谱获取电子设备UE1所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合包括UE3和UE4。图10中示出的UE2为一频谱提供电子设备，其并没有被包括在UE1所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合中。UE5可以是以下之一：频谱提供电子设备、频谱获取电子设备、以及除了管理电子设备、频谱提供电子设备、频谱获取电子设备之外的其他电子设备。假设图10中用“手机”图标示出的、没有附图标记的电子设备是频谱获取电子设备。图10中的每个电子设备的初始频谱币数量为10。
在图10中，以BS为圆心的第一多个同心圆包括4个同心圆(以虚线示出的同心圆)，假设第一热度矢量(R bs1,N bs1,R bs2,N bs2,…,R bsQ,N bsQ)(Q＝4)可以具体表示为(500，1，1000，3，1500，9，2000，11)。
先简要举例说明UE2的出售价格区间的确定。在图10中，以UE2为圆心的第二多个同心圆包括2个同心圆(以实线示出的同心圆)，假设UE2的第二热度矢量(R s1,N 1,R s2,N 2,…,R sT,N T)(T＝2)可以具体表示为(250，0，500，2)。频谱币价格档位的值为：1，3，5，7。由图10可以看出，UE2位于以BS为圆心的半径为500m的同心圆和半径为1000m的同心圆之间，根据表达式(3)计算出UE2对应的锚点热度因子为H 0＝0.5*1/500 2 +0.5*3/1000 2＝3.5e-6，根据表达式(5)计算最高热度因子H m＝4e-6，根据表达式(4)计算当前热度因子H ot＝0.5*0/250 2+0.5*2/500 2＝4e-6，根据表达式(6)计算出售价格Y obj＝(1+7)/2+(4e-6–3.5e-6)*6/(4e-6–3.5e-6)/2＝7，由此可以确定UE2的出售价格区间是[5,7]频谱币。
下面简要举例说明UE1的报价的确定。UE1基于UE3的位置信息，根据表达式(3)估计与UE3对应的锚点热度因子H 3＝0.5*3/1000 2+0.5*9/1500 2＝3.5e-6；基于UE4的位置信息，根据表达式(3)估计与UE4对应的锚点热度因子H 4＝0.5*3/1000 2+0.5*9/1500 2＝3.5e-6,以及根据表达式(11)计算最低热度因子H L＝11/2000 2＝2.75e-6。然后，UE1根据表达式(12)计算针对UE3的价格值y3＝4.6以及针对UE4的价格值y4＝4.6。UE1以y3为均值，采用高斯分布进行随机生成报价，假设得到针对UE3的报价为5.03，并且UE1以y4为均值，采用高斯分布进行随机生成报价，假设得到针对UE4的报价为3.94。
下面简要举例说明管理电子设备对出售价格区间和报价所进行的匹配。
假设UE3收到的报价分别为来自UE1的5.03以及来自未知电子设备1(图10中未示出)的3.4和来自未知电子设备2(图10中未示出)的2.1。
假设频谱提供电子设备UE3的出售价格区间为[3,5]，由于未知电子设备1的报价3.4位于出售价格区间[3,5]内，因此未知电子设备1可以与UE3达成交易。
假设UE3的出售价格区间为[1,3]，由于未知电子设备2的报价2.1位于出售价格区间[1,3]内，因此未知电子设备2可以与UE3达成交易。
假设UE3的出售价格区间为[5,7]，由于UE1的报价5.03位于出售价格区间[5,7]内，因此UE1可以与UE3达成交易。
假设UE4只收到了来自UE1的3.94的报价，而UE4的出售价格区间为[5,7]。这种情况下，基站分别向UE1和UE4提供报价(3.94+5)/2＝4.47、3.94和5，UE1或UE4可以选择同意这3个报价中的至少一个，或者都不同意这3个报价。当UE1和UE4对这3个报价的选择有交集，则将所选择的共同的报价当中最大的报价作为成交价格。例如，假设UE4只收到来自UE1的3.94的报价，而UE4的出售价格区间为[1，3]，则UE1和UE4以3.94的价格成交。
管理电子设备在区块中记录所有拟成交的交易，然后将该区块发给所有电子设备。假设区块内有S(S为大于等于1的正整数)笔交易，对于任一电子设备，S笔交易会被分为三类，一类是该电子设备作为频谱获取电子设备(买方)或频谱提供电子设备(卖方)参与的交易，此处记为第一类交易，一类是该电子设备可能会因为交易的发生受到干扰影响，此处记为第二类交易，最后一类交易是该电子设备与这笔交易完全没有任何相互影响，此处记为第三类交易。对于第一类交易，电子设备需要仔细核对交易的频谱价格、频谱资源属性等，如果与事实一致，则完成验证，例如可以获得1频谱币的奖励；对于第二类交易，电子设备通过干扰的验证方法对交易进行验证，如果交易的发生会对自己的通信产生有害的干扰，则不同意这笔交易，如果交易的发生对自己的通信产生的干扰可以忽略不计，则同意这笔交易，例如可以获得0.5频谱币的奖励；对于第三类交易，该电子设备无需做出任何验证，也不获得频谱币的奖励。
管理电子设备在收集到电子设备对区块内的交易的验证信息之后，通过投票的方法判断合法和非法的交易。其中，作为买方或卖方的电子设备对该笔交易有一票否决，其它与这笔交易有关联的电子设备(即，可能会因为交易的发生受到干扰影响的电子设备)采用少数服从多数的方法来判断合法和非法的交易。管理电子设备将合法交易写入新的区块中，并将该区块分发给各个电子设备。
在上文的实施方式中描述用于无线通信的管理电子设备、用于无线 通信的频谱提供电子设备以及用于无线通信的频谱获取电子设备的过程中，显然还公开了一些处理或方法。下文中，在不重复上文中已经讨论的一些细节的情况下给出这些方法的概要，但是应当注意，虽然这些方法在描述用于无线通信的管理电子设备、用于无线通信的频谱提供电子设备以及用于无线通信的频谱获取电子设备的过程中公开，但是这些方法不一定采用所描述的那些部件或不一定由那些部件执行。例如，用于无线通信的管理电子设备、用于无线通信的频谱提供电子设备以及用于无线通信的频谱获取电子设备的实施方式可以部分地或完全地使用硬件和/或固件来实现，而下面讨论的用于无线通信的方法可以完全由计算机可执行的程序来实现，尽管这些方法也可以采用用于无线通信的管理电子设备、用于无线通信的频谱提供电子设备以及用于无线通信的频谱获取电子设备的硬件和/或固件。
图11示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的用于无线通信的方法1100的流程图。方法1100在步骤S1102开始。在步骤S1104中，确定以管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的第一分布属性，以及针对在管理电子设备的管理范围内待交易的频谱，确定以频谱的频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的第二分布属性，以基于第一分布属性和第二分布属性管理频谱的交易。方法1100在步骤S1106结束。该方法1100例如可以在基站或用户设备侧执行。
该方法例如可以通过上文描述的管理电子设备100来执行，其具体细节可参见以上相应位置的描述，在此不再重复。
图12示出了根据本公开的另一实施例的用于无线通信的方法1200的流程图。方法1200在步骤S1202开始。在步骤S1204中，基于由对频谱提供电子设备进行管理的管理电子设备所确定的第一分布属性和第二分布属性，确定与频谱提供电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的出售价格区间，以供进行频谱交易。其中，第一分布属性是以管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，以及第二分布属性是以频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性。方法1200在步骤S1206结束。该方法1200可以在基站侧或用户设备侧执行。
该方法1200例如可以通过上文描述的频谱提供电子设备600来执行，其具体细节可参见以上相应位置的描述，在此不再重复。
图13示出了根据本公开的另一实施例的用于无线通信的方法1300的流程图。方法1300在步骤S1302开始。在步骤S1304中，基于以管理电子设备为参考点的区域内各频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，确定与频谱获取电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的报价，以供进行频谱交易。其中，管理电子设备是对频谱获取电子设备进行管理的电子设备。方法1300在步骤S1306结束。该方法1300可以在基站侧或用户设备侧执行。
该方法1300例如可以通过上文描述的频谱获取电子设备700来执行，其具体细节可参见以上相应位置的描述，在此不再重复。
注意，上述各个方法可以结合或单独使用。
本公开内容的技术能够应用于各种产品。
例如，管理电子设备100、频谱提供电子设备600和频谱获取电子设备700可以被实现为各种基站。基站可以被实现为任何类型的演进型节点B(eNB)或gNB(5G基站)。eNB例如包括宏eNB和小eNB。小eNB可以为覆盖比宏小区小的小区的eNB，诸如微微eNB、微eNB和家庭(毫微微)eNB。对于gNB也可以由类似的情形。代替地，基站可以被实现为任何其他类型的基站，诸如NodeB和基站收发台(BTS)。基站可以包括：被配置为控制无线通信的主体(也称为基站设备)；以及设置在与主体不同的地方的一个或多个远程无线头端(RRH)。另外，各种类型的用户设备均可以通过暂时地或半持久性地执行基站功能而作为基站工作。
例如，管理电子设备100、频谱提供电子设备600和频谱获取电子设备700可以被实现为各种用户设备。用户设备可以被实现为移动终端(诸如智能电话、平板个人计算机(PC)、笔记本式PC、便携式游戏终端、便携式/加密狗型移动路由器和数字摄像装置)或者车载终端(诸如汽车导航设备)。用户设备还可以被实现为执行机器对机器(M2M)通信的终端(也称为机器类型通信(MTC)终端)。此外，用户设备可以为安装在上述终端中的每个终端上的无线通信模块(诸如包括单个晶片的集成电路模块)。
[关于基站的应用示例]
(第一应用示例)
图14是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的eNB或gNB的示意性配置的第一示例的框图。注意，以下的描述以eNB作为示例，但是同样可以应用于gNB。eNB 800包括一个或多个天线810以及基站设备820。基站设备820和每个天线810可以经由RF线缆彼此连接。
天线810中的每一个均包括单个或多个天线元件(诸如包括在多输入多输出(MIMO)天线中的多个天线元件)，并且用于基站设备820发送和接收无线信号。如图14所示，eNB 800可以包括多个天线810。例如，多个天线810可以与eNB 800使用的多个频带兼容。虽然图14示出其中eNB 800包括多个天线810的示例，但是eNB 800也可以包括单个天线810。
基站设备820包括控制器821、存储器822、网络接口823以及无线通信接口825。
控制器821可以为例如CPU或DSP，并且操作基站设备820的较高层的各种功能。例如，控制器821根据由无线通信接口825处理的信号中的数据来生成数据分组，并经由网络接口823来传递所生成的分组。控制器821可以对来自多个基带处理器的数据进行捆绑以生成捆绑分组，并传递所生成的捆绑分组。控制器821可以具有执行如下控制的逻辑功能：该控制诸如为无线资源控制、无线承载控制、移动性管理、接纳控制和调度。该控制可以结合附近的eNB或核心网节点来执行。存储器822包括RAM和ROM，并且存储由控制器821执行的程序和各种类型的控制数据(诸如终端列表、传输功率数据以及调度数据)。
网络接口823为用于将基站设备820连接至核心网824的通信接口。控制器821可以经由网络接口823而与核心网节点或另外的eNB进行通信。在此情况下，eNB 800与核心网节点或其他eNB可以通过逻辑接口(诸如S1接口和X2接口)而彼此连接。网络接口823还可以为有线通信接口或用于无线回程线路的无线通信接口。如果网络接口823为无线通信接口，则与由无线通信接口825使用的频带相比，网络接口823可以使用较高频带用于无线通信。
无线通信接口825支持任何蜂窝通信方案(诸如长期演进(LTE)和LTE-先进)，并且经由天线810来提供到位于eNB 800的小区中的终端的无线连接。无线通信接口825通常可以包括例如基带(BB)处理器826 和RF电路827。BB处理器826可以执行例如编码/解码、调制/解调以及复用/解复用，并且执行层(例如L1、介质访问控制(MAC)、无线链路控制(RLC)和分组数据汇聚协议(PDCP))的各种类型的信号处理。代替控制器821，BB处理器826可以具有上述逻辑功能的一部分或全部。BB处理器826可以为存储通信控制程序的存储器，或者为包括被配置为执行程序的处理器和相关电路的模块。更新程序可以使BB处理器826的功能改变。该模块可以为插入到基站设备820的槽中的卡或刀片。可替代地，该模块也可以为安装在卡或刀片上的芯片。同时，RF电路827可以包括例如混频器、滤波器和放大器，并且经由天线810来传送和接收无线信号。
如图14所示，无线通信接口825可以包括多个BB处理器826。例如，多个BB处理器826可以与eNB 800使用的多个频带兼容。如图14所示，无线通信接口825可以包括多个RF电路827。例如，多个RF电路827可以与多个天线元件兼容。虽然图14示出其中无线通信接口825包括多个BB处理器826和多个RF电路827的示例，但是无线通信接口825也可以包括单个BB处理器826或单个RF电路827。
在图14所示的eNB 800中，参照图1描述的管理电子设备100、参照图6描述的频谱提供电子设备600和参照图9描述的频谱获取电子设备700的收发器可以由无线通信接口825实现。功能的至少一部分也可以由控制器821实现。例如，控制器821可以通过执行上述参照图1描述的第一处理单元101、参照图6描述的第二处理单元601和参照图9描述的第三处理单元701的功能来实现频谱交易。
(第二应用示例)
图15是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的eNB或gNB的示意性配置的第二示例的框图。注意，类似地，以下的描述以eNB作为示例，但是同样可以应用于gNB。eNB 830包括一个或多个天线840、基站设备850和RRH 860。RRH 860和每个天线840可以经由RF线缆而彼此连接。基站设备850和RRH 860可以经由诸如光纤线缆的高速线路而彼此连接。
天线840中的每一个均包括单个或多个天线元件(诸如包括在MIMO天线中的多个天线元件)并且用于RRH 860发送和接收无线信号。如图15所示，eNB 830可以包括多个天线840。例如，多个天线840可以与 eNB 830使用的多个频带兼容。虽然图15示出其中eNB 830包括多个天线840的示例，但是eNB 830也可以包括单个天线840。
基站设备850包括控制器851、存储器852、网络接口853、无线通信接口855以及连接接口857。控制器851、存储器852和网络接口853与参照图14描述的控制器821、存储器822和网络接口823相同。
无线通信接口855支持任何蜂窝通信方案(诸如LTE和LTE-先进)，并且经由RRH 860和天线840来提供到位于与RRH 860对应的扇区中的终端的无线通信。无线通信接口855通常可以包括例如BB处理器856。除了BB处理器856经由连接接口857连接到RRH 860的RF电路864之外，BB处理器856与参照图14描述的BB处理器826相同。如图15所示，无线通信接口855可以包括多个BB处理器856。例如，多个BB处理器856可以与eNB 830使用的多个频带兼容。虽然图15示出其中无线通信接口855包括多个BB处理器856的示例，但是无线通信接口855也可以包括单个BB处理器856。
连接接口857为用于将基站设备850(无线通信接口855)连接至RRH860的接口。连接接口857还可以为用于将基站设备850(无线通信接口855)连接至RRH 860的上述高速线路中的通信的通信模块。
RRH 860包括连接接口861和无线通信接口863。
连接接口861为用于将RRH 860(无线通信接口863)连接至基站设备850的接口。连接接口861还可以为用于上述高速线路中的通信的通信模块。
无线通信接口863经由天线840来传送和接收无线信号。无线通信接口863通常可以包括例如RF电路864。RF电路864可以包括例如混频器、滤波器和放大器，并且经由天线840来传送和接收无线信号。如图15所示，无线通信接口863可以包括多个RF电路864。例如，多个RF电路864可以支持多个天线元件。虽然图15示出其中无线通信接口863包括多个RF电路864的示例，但是无线通信接口863也可以包括单个RF电路864。
在图15所示的eNB 830中，参照图1描述的管理电子设备100、参照图6描述的频谱提供电子设备600和参照图9描述的频谱获取电子设备700的收发器可以由无线通信接口855实现。功能的至少一部分也可 以由控制器851实现。例如，控制器851可以通过执行上述参照图1描述的第一处理单元101、参照图6描述的第二处理单元601和参照图9描述的第三处理单元701的功能来实现频谱交易。
[关于用户设备的应用示例]
(第一应用示例)
图16是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的智能电话900的示意性配置的示例的框图。智能电话900包括处理器901、存储器902、存储装置903、外部连接接口904、摄像装置906、传感器907、麦克风908、输入装置909、显示装置910、扬声器911、无线通信接口912、一个或多个天线开关915、一个或多个天线916、总线917、电池918以及辅助控制器919。
处理器901可以为例如CPU或片上系统(SoC)，并且控制智能电话900的应用层和另外层的功能。存储器902包括RAM和ROM，并且存储数据和由处理器901执行的程序。存储装置903可以包括存储介质，诸如半导体存储器和硬盘。外部连接接口904为用于将外部装置(诸如存储卡和通用串行总线(USB)装置)连接至智能电话900的接口。
摄像装置906包括图像传感器(诸如电荷耦合器件(CCD)和互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS))，并且生成捕获图像。传感器907可以包括一组传感器，诸如测量传感器、陀螺仪传感器、地磁传感器和加速度传感器。麦克风908将输入到智能电话900的声音转换为音频信号。输入装置909包括例如被配置为检测显示装置910的屏幕上的触摸的触摸传感器、小键盘、键盘、按钮或开关，并且接收从用户输入的操作或信息。显示装置910包括屏幕(诸如液晶显示器(LCD)和有机发光二极管(OLED)显示器)，并且显示智能电话900的输出图像。扬声器911将从智能电话900输出的音频信号转换为声音。
无线通信接口912支持任何蜂窝通信方案(诸如LTE和LTE-先进)，并且执行无线通信。无线通信接口912通常可以包括例如BB处理器913和RF电路914。BB处理器913可以执行例如编码/解码、调制/解调以及复用/解复用，并且执行用于无线通信的各种类型的信号处理。同时，RF电路914可以包括例如混频器、滤波器和放大器，并且经由天线916来传送和接收无线信号。注意，图中虽然示出了一个RF链路与一个天线连 接的情形，但是这仅是示意性的，还包括一个RF链路通过多个移相器与多个天线连接的情形。无线通信接口912可以为其上集成有BB处理器913和RF电路914的一个芯片模块。如图16所示，无线通信接口912可以包括多个BB处理器913和多个RF电路914。虽然图16示出其中无线通信接口912包括多个BB处理器913和多个RF电路914的示例，但是无线通信接口912也可以包括单个BB处理器913或单个RF电路914。
此外，除了蜂窝通信方案之外，无线通信接口912可以支持另外类型的无线通信方案，诸如短距离无线通信方案、近场通信方案和无线局域网(LAN)方案。在此情况下，无线通信接口912可以包括针对每种无线通信方案的BB处理器913和RF电路914。
天线开关915中的每一个在包括在无线通信接口912中的多个电路(例如用于不同的无线通信方案的电路)之间切换天线916的连接目的地。
天线916中的每一个均包括单个或多个天线元件(诸如包括在MIMO天线中的多个天线元件)，并且用于无线通信接口912传送和接收无线信号。如图16所示，智能电话900可以包括多个天线916。虽然图16示出其中智能电话900包括多个天线916的示例，但是智能电话900也可以包括单个天线916。
此外，智能电话900可以包括针对每种无线通信方案的天线916。在此情况下，天线开关915可以从智能电话900的配置中省略。
总线917将处理器901、存储器902、存储装置903、外部连接接口904、摄像装置906、传感器907、麦克风908、输入装置909、显示装置910、扬声器911、无线通信接口912以及辅助控制器919彼此连接。电池918经由馈线向图16所示的智能电话900的各个块提供电力，馈线在图中被部分地示为虚线。辅助控制器919例如在睡眠模式下操作智能电话900的最小必需功能。
在图16所示的智能电话900中，参照图1描述的管理电子设备100、参照图6描述的频谱提供电子设备600和参照图9描述的频谱获取电子设备700的收发器可以由无线通信接口912实现。功能的至少一部分也可以由处理器901或辅助控制器919实现。例如，处理器901或辅助控制器919可以通过执行上述参照图1描述的第一处理单元101、参照图6 描述的第二处理单元601和参照图9描述的第三处理单元701的功能来实现频谱交易。
(第二应用示例)
图17是示出可以应用本公开内容的技术的汽车导航设备920的示意性配置的示例的框图。汽车导航设备920包括处理器921、存储器922、全球定位系统(GPS)模块924、传感器925、数据接口926、内容播放器927、存储介质接口928、输入装置929、显示装置930、扬声器931、无线通信接口933、一个或多个天线开关936、一个或多个天线937以及电池938。
处理器921可以为例如CPU或SoC，并且控制汽车导航设备920的导航功能和另外的功能。存储器922包括RAM和ROM，并且存储数据和由处理器921执行的程序。
GPS模块924使用从GPS卫星接收的GPS信号来测量汽车导航设备920的位置(诸如纬度、经度和高度)。传感器925可以包括一组传感器，诸如陀螺仪传感器、地磁传感器和空气压力传感器。数据接口926经由未示出的终端而连接到例如车载网络941，并且获取由车辆生成的数据(诸如车速数据)。
内容播放器927再现存储在存储介质(诸如CD和DVD)中的内容，该存储介质被插入到存储介质接口928中。输入装置929包括例如被配置为检测显示装置930的屏幕上的触摸的触摸传感器、按钮或开关，并且接收从用户输入的操作或信息。显示装置930包括诸如LCD或OLED显示器的屏幕，并且显示导航功能的图像或再现的内容。扬声器931输出导航功能的声音或再现的内容。
无线通信接口933支持任何蜂窝通信方案(诸如LTE和LTE-先进)，并且执行无线通信。无线通信接口933通常可以包括例如BB处理器934和RF电路935。BB处理器934可以执行例如编码/解码、调制/解调以及复用/解复用，并且执行用于无线通信的各种类型的信号处理。同时，RF电路935可以包括例如混频器、滤波器和放大器，并且经由天线937来传送和接收无线信号。无线通信接口933还可以为其上集成有BB处理器934和RF电路935的一个芯片模块。如图17所示，无线通信接口933可以包括多个BB处理器934和多个RF电路935。虽然图17示出其中无 线通信接口933包括多个BB处理器934和多个RF电路935的示例，但是无线通信接口933也可以包括单个BB处理器934或单个RF电路935。
此外，除了蜂窝通信方案之外，无线通信接口933可以支持另外类型的无线通信方案，诸如短距离无线通信方案、近场通信方案和无线LAN方案。在此情况下，针对每种无线通信方案，无线通信接口933可以包括BB处理器934和RF电路935。
天线开关936中的每一个在包括在无线通信接口933中的多个电路(诸如用于不同的无线通信方案的电路)之间切换天线937的连接目的地。
天线937中的每一个均包括单个或多个天线元件(诸如包括在MIMO天线中的多个天线元件)，并且用于无线通信接口933传送和接收无线信号。如图17所示，汽车导航设备920可以包括多个天线937。虽然图17示出其中汽车导航设备920包括多个天线937的示例，但是汽车导航设备920也可以包括单个天线937。
此外，汽车导航设备920可以包括针对每种无线通信方案的天线937。在此情况下，天线开关936可以从汽车导航设备920的配置中省略。
电池938经由馈线向图17所示的汽车导航设备920的各个块提供电力，馈线在图中被部分地示为虚线。电池938累积从车辆提供的电力。
在图17示出的汽车导航设备920中，参照图1描述的管理电子设备100、参照图6描述的频谱提供电子设备600和参照图9描述的频谱获取电子设备700的收发器可以由无线通信接口933实现。功能的至少一部分也可以由处理器921实现。例如，处理器921可以通过执行上述参照图1描述的第一处理单元101、参照图6描述的第二处理单元601和参照图9描述的第三处理单元701的功能来实现频谱交易。
本公开内容的技术也可以被实现为包括汽车导航设备920、车载网络941以及车辆模块942中的一个或多个块的车载系统(或车辆)940。车辆模块942生成车辆数据(诸如车速、发动机速度和故障信息)，并且将所生成的数据输出至车载网络941。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的基本原理，但是，需要指出的是，对本领域的技术人员而言，能够理解本发明的方法和装置的全部或者任 何步骤或部件，可以在任何计算装置(包括处理器、存储介质等)或者计算装置的网络中，以硬件、固件、软件或者其组合的形式实现，这是本领域的技术人员在阅读了本发明的描述的情况下利用其基本电路设计知识或者基本编程技能就能实现的。
而且，本发明还提出了一种存储有机器可读取的指令代码的程序产品。指令代码由机器读取并执行时，可执行上述根据本发明实施例的方法。
相应地，用于承载上述存储有机器可读取的指令代码的程序产品的存储介质也包括在本发明的公开中。存储介质包括但不限于软盘、光盘、磁光盘、存储卡、存储棒等等。
在通过软件或固件实现本发明的情况下，从存储介质或网络向具有专用硬件结构的计算机(例如图18所示的通用计算机1800)安装构成该软件的程序，该计算机在安装有各种程序时，能够执行各种功能等。
在图18中，中央处理单元(CPU)1801根据只读存储器(ROM)1802中存储的程序或从存储部分1808加载到随机存取存储器(RAM)1803的程序执行各种处理。在RAM 1803中，也根据需要存储当CPU 1801执行各种处理等等时所需的数据。CPU 1801、ROM 1802和RAM 1803经由总线1804彼此连接。输入/输出接口1805也连接到总线1804。
下述部件连接到输入/输出接口1805：输入部分1806(包括键盘、鼠标等等)、输出部分1807(包括显示器，比如阴极射线管(CRT)、液晶显示器(LCD)等，和扬声器等)、存储部分1808(包括硬盘等)、通信部分1809(包括网络接口卡比如LAN卡、调制解调器等)。通信部分1809经由网络比如因特网执行通信处理。根据需要，驱动器1810也可连接到输入/输出接口1805。可移除介质1811比如磁盘、光盘、磁光盘、半导体存储器等等根据需要被安装在驱动器1810上，使得从中读出的计算机程序根据需要被安装到存储部分1808中。
在通过软件实现上述系列处理的情况下，从网络比如因特网或存储介质比如可移除介质1811安装构成软件的程序。
本领域的技术人员应当理解，这种存储介质不局限于图18所示的其中存储有程序、与设备相分离地分发以向用户提供程序的可移除介质1811。可移除介质1811的例子包含磁盘(包含软盘(注册商标))、光盘 (包含光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)和数字通用盘(DVD))、磁光盘(包含迷你盘(MD)(注册商标))和半导体存储器。或者，存储介质可以是ROM 1802、存储部分1808中包含的硬盘等等，其中存有程序，并且与包含它们的设备一起被分发给用户。
还需要指出的是，在本发明的装置、方法和系统中，各部件或各步骤是可以分解和/或重新组合的。这些分解和/或重新组合应该视为本发明的等效方案。并且，执行上述系列处理的步骤可以自然地按照说明的顺序按时间顺序执行，但是并不需要一定按时间顺序执行。某些步骤可以并行或彼此独立地执行。
最后，还需要说明的是，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。此外，在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上虽然结合附图详细描述了本发明的实施例，但是应当明白，上面所描述的实施方式只是用于说明本发明，而并不构成对本发明的限制。对于本领域的技术人员来说，可以对上述实施方式作出各种修改和变更而没有背离本发明的实质和范围。因此，本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求及其等效含义来限定。
本技术还可以如下实现。
(1).一种用于无线通信的管理电子设备，包括：
处理电路，被配置为：
确定以所述管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的第一分布属性，以及针对在所述管理电子设备的管理范围内待交易的频谱，确定以所述频谱的频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的第二分布属性，以基于所述第一分布属性和所述第二分布属性管理所述频谱的交易。
(2).根据(1)所述的管理电子设备，其中，
所述第一分布属性由第一热度矢量来表征，其中，所述第一热度矢 量表示所述第一区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第一多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，以及
所述第二分布属性由第二热度矢量来表征，其中，所述第二热度矢量表示所述第二区域中的、以所述频谱提供电子设备为圆心的第二多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
(3).根据(1)所述的管理电子设备，其中，
所述第一分布属性由第一象限矢量来表征，其中，所述第一象限矢量表示所述第一区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，以及
所述第二分布属性由第二象限矢量来表征，其中，所述第二象限矢量表示所述第二区域中的、以所述频谱提供电子设备为圆心的圆形的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
(4).根据(1)至(3)中任一项所述的管理电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
对所述频谱提供电子设备所给出的关于所述频谱的出售价格区间和要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备所给出的对所述频谱的报价进行匹配，
其中，所述频谱提供电子设备基于所述第一分布属性和所述第二分布属性给出所述出售价格区间，以及要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备基于所述第一分布属性给出所述报价。
(5).根据(4)所述的管理电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为通过以下之一来确定所述频谱的成交价格：
如果在要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备中存在其报价位于所述出售价格区间内的一个或多个频谱获取电子设备，则从所述一个或多个频谱获取电子设备的报价中挑选最高的报价作为所述频谱的成交价格；
如果在要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备中不存在其报价位于所述出售价格区间内的频谱获取电子设备，则从要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备的报价中挑选报价高于所述出售价格区间的上限的最低报价，作为所述频谱的成交价格；以及
如果要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备的报价都低于所述出售价格区间的下限，则从要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备的报价中挑选最高报价，并且计算所挑选出的最高报价和所述出售价格区间的下限的均值，以及将从所述所挑选出的最高报价、所述均值以及所述出售价格区间的下限中选出的一个作为所述频谱的成交价格。
(6).根据(1)至(5)中任一项所述的管理电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
根据第一条件和第二条件中的至少之一，确定在所述管理电子设备的管理范围内的频谱获取电子设备所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合，
其中，所述第一条件包括所述频谱的交易中涉及的频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备位于所述管理电子设备的同一扇区，所述第二条件包括频谱提供电子设备位于以频谱获取电子设备为中心的预定区域内。
(7).根据(6)所述的管理电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
在所述预定区域为圆形的情况下，计算所述圆形内包括预定数量的频谱提供电子设备的情况下所对应的第一计算半径和所述频谱获取电子设备到不同于所述频谱获取电子设备所位于的扇区的另一同频扇区的外切圆的第二计算半径，其中所述圆形的半径小于等于所述第一计算半径和所述第二计算半径两者。
(8).根据(1)至(7)中任一项所述的管理电子设备，其中，
所述管理电子设备是被配置为区块链架构的频谱管理系统中的主体，其中，所述频谱管理系统包括多个主体，所述多个主体除了所述管理电子设备之外还包括所述频谱获取电子设备、频谱提供电子设备以及其他电子设备中至少之一，以及所述多个主体各自持有相同的数据库副本，其中，基于被验证为有效的频谱交易的信息来更新所述多个主体分别持有的数据库副本。
(9).根据(8)所述的管理电子设备，其中，
所述频谱管理系统中的其他电子设备在判定所述其他电子设备位于所述频谱交易的验证区内的情况下，验证所述频谱交易的有效性；以及
根据在所述频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备使用所交易的频谱时对 所述其他电子设备的干扰来确定所述其他电子设备的信干噪比，并且在所述信干噪比大于针对所述其他电子设备设置的预定信干噪比阈值的情况下，所述其他电子设备验证所述频谱交易为有效的。
(10).根据(9)所述的管理电子设备，其中，
所述验证区是以所述频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备为中心的圆形区域。
(11).一种用于无线通信的频谱提供电子设备，包括：
处理电路，被配置为：
基于由对所述频谱提供电子设备进行管理的管理电子设备所确定的第一分布属性和第二分布属性，确定与所述频谱提供电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的出售价格区间，以供进行所述频谱交易，
其中，所述第一分布属性是以所述管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，以及所述第二分布属性是以所述频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性。
(12).根据(11)所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，
所述第一分布属性由第一热度矢量来表征，其中，所述第一热度矢量表示所述第一区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第一多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，以及
所述第二分布属性由第二热度矢量来表征，其中，所述第二热度矢量表示所述第二区域中的、以所述频谱提供电子设备为圆心的第二多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
(13).根据(12)所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
在确定所述频谱提供电子设备位于所述第一多个同心圆当中具有第一半径的第一同心圆和具有大于所述第一半径的第二半径的第二同心圆之间的情况下，基于所述第一半径和所述第一热度矢量中的与所述第一半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第一数量、以及所述第二半径和所述第一热度矢量中的与所述第二半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第二数量，计算表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述第一区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的锚点热度因子，
基于所述第二热度矢量中包括的与所述第二多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及与该半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量，计算表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述第二区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的当前热度因子，以及
基于预定价目表中的最高价格和最低价格以及所述锚点热度因子确定与所述当前热度因子相对应的出售价格，以及确定所述出售价格在所述最低价格到所述最高价格的范围之内所处于的区间为所述出售价格区间。
(14).根据(13)所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
基于所述第一热度矢量中包括的与所述第一多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及与该半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量来计算与所述每个同心圆对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高热度因子，以及
还基于所述最高热度因子确定所述出售价格。
(15).根据(13)或(14)所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
将所述第二热度矢量中包括的与每个半径所对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量除以该半径的平方，得到分别与每个同心圆对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并且对与每个同心圆对应的分布密度进行加权求和，从而计算出所述当前热度因子。
(16).根据(15)所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置成：
为与每个同心圆对应的分布密度分配相同的加权因子，或者
根据每个同心圆的半径，为与该同心圆对应的分布密度分配加权因子。
(17).根据(11)所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，
所述第一分布属性由第一象限矢量来表征，其中，所述第一象限矢量表示所述第一区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量， 以及
所述第二分布属性由第二象限矢量来表征，其中，所述第二象限矢量表示所述第二区域中的、以所述频谱提供电子设备为圆心的圆形的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
(18).根据(17)所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
在确定所述频谱提供电子设备位于所述第三多个同心圆当中具有第三半径的第三同心圆和具有大于所述第三半径的第四半径的第四同心圆之间的情况下，基于所述第三半径和所述第一象限矢量中的、与所述第三半径相对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，计算表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述第一区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的锚点象限因子，
基于所述第二象限矢量中包括的所述圆形的半径以及所述四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，计算表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述第二区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的当前象限因子，以及
基于预定价目表中的最高价格和最低价格以及所述锚点象限因子确定与所述当前象限因子相对应的出售价格，以及确定所述出售价格在所述最低价格到所述最高价格的范围之内所处于的区间为所述出售价格区间。
(19).根据(18)所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
基于所述第一象限矢量中包括的与所述第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及所述第一象限矢量中的与该半径相对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量来计算与每个同心圆的每个象限对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高象限因子，以及
还基于所述最高象限因子确定所述出售价格。
(20).根据(18)或(19)所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
将所述第二象限矢量中的所述四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量除以所述圆形的半径的平方，得到分别与每个象限对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并且对与每个象限对应的分布密度进行加权求和，从而计算出所述当前象限因子。
(21).根据(11)至(20)中任一项所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，
所述频谱提供电子设备是被配置为区块链架构的频谱管理系统中的主体，其中，在所述频谱管理系统中，除了所述频谱提供电子设备之外还包括管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备以及其他电子设备中至少之一。
(22).一种用于无线通信的频谱获取电子设备，包括：
处理电路，被配置为：
基于以管理电子设备为参考点的区域内各频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，确定与所述频谱获取电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的报价，以供进行所述频谱交易，
其中，所述管理电子设备是对所述频谱获取电子设备进行管理的电子设备。
(23).根据(22)所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，
所述分布属性由热度矢量来表征，所述热度矢量表示所述区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第一多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
(24).根据(23)所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
在基于所述待交易的频谱的频谱提供电子设备在所述区域内的位置信息确定所述频谱提供电子设备位于所述多个第一同心圆当中具有第一半径的第一同心圆和具有大于所述第一半径的第二半径的第二同心圆之间的情况下，基于所述第一半径和所述热度矢量中的与所述第一半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第一数量、以及所述第二半径和所述热度矢量中的与所述第二半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第二数量，估计表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的锚点热度因子，
基于预定价目表中的最高价格和最低价格估计所述锚点热度因子所 对应的价格值，以及基于所述价格值生成所述报价。
(25).根据(24)所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
基于所述热度矢量中包括的与所述第一多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及与该半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量来分别计算与每个同心圆对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高热度因子以及将所计算出的分布密度中的最低分布密度作为最低热度因子，以及
还基于所述最高热度因子和所述最低热度因子，估计所述锚点热度因子所对应的所述价格值。
(26).根据(22)所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，
所述分布属性由第一象限矢量来表征，所述第一象限矢量表示所述区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
(27).根据(26)所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
还基于第二象限矢量来确定所述待交易的频谱的报价，其中，所述第二象限矢量表示以所述待交易的频谱的频谱提供电子设备为圆心的圆形的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
(28).根据(27)所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
基于所述第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的半径以及所述第一象限矢量中的、与该半径相对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量来计算与所述每个同心圆的每个象限对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高象限因子以及将所计算出的分布密度中的最低分布密度作为最低象限因子，
基于所述第二象限矢量中包括的所述圆形的半径以及所述四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，估计表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述圆形内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的当前象限因子，以及
基于预定价目表中的最高价格和最低价格、以及所述最高象限因子和所述最低象限因子，估计所述当前象限因子所对应的价格值，以及基于所述价格值生成所述报价。
(29).根据(24)、(25)以及(28)中任一项所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
根据高斯分布随机生成所述报价，其中，所述价格值作为所述高斯分布的均值，并且基于所述最高价格和所述最低价格生成所述高斯分布的方差。
(30).根据(22)至(29)中任一项所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，
所述频谱获取电子设备是被配置为区块链架构的频谱管理系统中的主体，其中，在所述频谱管理系统中，除了所述频谱获取电子设备之外还包括管理电子设备、频谱提供电子设备以及其他电子设备中至少之一。
(31).一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：
确定以管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的第一分布属性，以及针对在所述管理电子设备的管理范围内待交易的频谱，确定以所述频谱的频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的第二分布属性，以基于所述第一分布属性和所述第二分布属性管理所述频谱的交易。
(32).一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：
基于由对频谱提供电子设备进行管理的管理电子设备所确定的第一分布属性和第二分布属性，确定与所述频谱提供电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的出售价格区间，以供进行所述频谱交易，
其中，所述第一分布属性是以所述管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，以及所述第二分布属性是以所述频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性。
(33).一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：
基于以管理电子设备为参考点的区域内各频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，确定与频谱获取电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的报价，以供进行所述频谱交易，
其中，所述管理电子设备是对所述频谱获取电子设备进行管理的电子设备。
(34).一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机可执行指令，当所述计算机可执行指令被执行时，执行根据(31)至(33)中任一项所述的用于无线通信的方法。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种用于无线通信的管理电子设备，包括：
    处理电路，被配置为：
    确定以所述管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的第一分布属性，以及针对在所述管理电子设备的管理范围内待交易的频谱，确定以所述频谱的频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的第二分布属性，以基于所述第一分布属性和所述第二分布属性管理所述频谱的交易。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的管理电子设备，其中，
    所述第一分布属性由第一热度矢量来表征，其中，所述第一热度矢量表示所述第一区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第一多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，以及
    所述第二分布属性由第二热度矢量来表征，其中，所述第二热度矢量表示所述第二区域中的、以所述频谱提供电子设备为圆心的第二多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的管理电子设备，其中，
    所述第一分布属性由第一象限矢量来表征，其中，所述第一象限矢量表示所述第一区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，以及
    所述第二分布属性由第二象限矢量来表征，其中，所述第二象限矢量表示所述第二区域中的、以所述频谱提供电子设备为圆心的圆形的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的管理电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    对所述频谱提供电子设备所给出的关于所述频谱的出售价格区间和要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备所给出的对所述频谱的报价进行匹配，
    其中，所述频谱提供电子设备基于所述第一分布属性和所述第二分布属性给出所述出售价格区间，以及要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备基于所述第一分布属性给出所述报价。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的管理电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为通过以下之一来确定所述频谱的成交价格：
    如果在要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备中存在其报价位于所述出售价格区间内的一个或多个频谱获取电子设备，则从所述一个或多个频谱获取电子设备的报价中挑选最高的报价作为所述频谱的成交价格；
    如果在要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备中不存在其报价位于所述出售价格区间内的频谱获取电子设备，则从要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备的报价中挑选报价高于所述出售价格区间的上限的最低报价，作为所述频谱的成交价格；以及
    如果要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备的报价都低于所述出售价格区间的下限，则从要获取所述频谱的频谱获取电子设备的报价中挑选最高报价，并且计算所挑选出的最高报价和所述出售价格区间的下限的均值，以及将从所述所挑选出的最高报价、所述均值以及所述出售价格区间的下限中选出的一个作为所述频谱的成交价格。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的管理电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    根据第一条件和第二条件中的至少之一，确定在所述管理电子设备的管理范围内的频谱获取电子设备所对应的频谱提供电子设备的集合，
    其中，所述第一条件包括所述频谱的交易中涉及的频谱获取电子设备和频谱提供电子设备位于所述管理电子设备的同一扇区，所述第二条件包括频谱提供电子设备位于以频谱获取电子设备为中心的预定区域内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的管理电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    在所述预定区域为圆形的情况下，计算所述圆形内包括预定数量的频谱提供电子设备的情况下所对应的第一计算半径和所述频谱获取电子设备到不同于所述频谱获取电子设备所位于的扇区的另一同频扇区的外 切圆的第二计算半径，其中所述圆形的半径小于等于所述第一计算半径和所述第二计算半径两者。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的管理电子设备，其中，
    所述管理电子设备是被配置为区块链架构的频谱管理系统中的主体，其中，所述频谱管理系统包括多个主体，所述多个主体除了所述管理电子设备之外还包括所述频谱获取电子设备、频谱提供电子设备以及其他电子设备中至少之一，以及所述多个主体各自持有相同的数据库副本，其中，基于被验证为有效的频谱交易的信息来更新所述多个主体分别持有的数据库副本。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的管理电子设备，其中，
    所述频谱管理系统中的其他电子设备在判定所述其他电子设备位于所述频谱交易的验证区内的情况下，验证所述频谱交易的有效性；以及
    根据在所述频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备使用所交易的频谱时对所述其他电子设备的干扰来确定所述其他电子设备的信干噪比，并且在所述信干噪比大于针对所述其他电子设备设置的预定信干噪比阈值的情况下，所述其他电子设备验证所述频谱交易为有效的。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的管理电子设备，其中，
    所述验证区是以所述频谱交易中的频谱获取电子设备为中心的圆形区域。
  11. 一种用于无线通信的频谱提供电子设备，包括：
    处理电路，被配置为：
    基于由对所述频谱提供电子设备进行管理的管理电子设备所确定的第一分布属性和第二分布属性，确定与所述频谱提供电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的出售价格区间，以供进行所述频谱交易，
    其中，所述第一分布属性是以所述管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，以及所述第二分布属性是以所述频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，
    所述第一分布属性由第一热度矢量来表征，其中，所述第一热度矢 量表示所述第一区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第一多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，以及
    所述第二分布属性由第二热度矢量来表征，其中，所述第二热度矢量表示所述第二区域中的、以所述频谱提供电子设备为圆心的第二多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    在确定所述频谱提供电子设备位于所述第一多个同心圆当中具有第一半径的第一同心圆和具有大于所述第一半径的第二半径的第二同心圆之间的情况下，基于所述第一半径和所述第一热度矢量中的与所述第一半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第一数量、以及所述第二半径和所述第一热度矢量中的与所述第二半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第二数量，计算表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述第一区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的锚点热度因子，
    基于所述第二热度矢量中包括的与所述第二多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及与该半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量，计算表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述第二区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的当前热度因子，以及
    基于预定价目表中的最高价格和最低价格以及所述锚点热度因子确定与所述当前热度因子相对应的出售价格，以及确定所述出售价格在所述最低价格到所述最高价格的范围之内所处于的区间为所述出售价格区间。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    基于所述第一热度矢量中包括的与所述第一多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及与该半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量来计算与所述每个同心圆对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高热度因子，以及
    还基于所述最高热度因子确定所述出售价格。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处 理电路被配置为：
    将所述第二热度矢量中包括的与每个半径所对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量除以该半径的平方，得到分别与每个同心圆对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并且对与每个同心圆对应的分布密度进行加权求和，从而计算出所述当前热度因子。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置成：
    为与每个同心圆对应的分布密度分配相同的加权因子，或者
    根据每个同心圆的半径，为与该同心圆对应的分布密度分配加权因子。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，
    所述第一分布属性由第一象限矢量来表征，其中，所述第一象限矢量表示所述第一区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，以及
    所述第二分布属性由第二象限矢量来表征，其中，所述第二象限矢量表示所述第二区域中的、以所述频谱提供电子设备为圆心的圆形的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    在确定所述频谱提供电子设备位于所述第三多个同心圆当中具有第三半径的第三同心圆和具有大于所述第三半径的第四半径的第四同心圆之间的情况下，基于所述第三半径和所述第一象限矢量中的、与所述第三半径相对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，计算表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述第一区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的锚点象限因子，
    基于所述第二象限矢量中包括的所述圆形的半径以及所述四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，计算表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述第二区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的当前象限因子，以及
    基于预定价目表中的最高价格和最低价格以及所述锚点象限因子确定与所述当前象限因子相对应的出售价格，以及确定所述出售价格在所述最低价格到所述最高价格的范围之内所处于的区间为所述出售价格区间。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    基于所述第一象限矢量中包括的与所述第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及所述第一象限矢量中的与该半径相对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量来计算与每个同心圆的每个象限对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高象限因子，以及
    还基于所述最高象限因子确定所述出售价格。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    将所述第二象限矢量中的所述四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量除以所述圆形的半径的平方，得到分别与每个象限对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并且对与每个象限对应的分布密度进行加权求和，从而计算出所述当前象限因子。
  21. 根据权利要求11至20中任一项所述的频谱提供电子设备，其中，
    所述频谱提供电子设备是被配置为区块链架构的频谱管理系统中的主体，其中，在所述频谱管理系统中，除了所述频谱提供电子设备之外还包括管理电子设备、频谱获取电子设备以及其他电子设备中至少之一。
  22. 一种用于无线通信的频谱获取电子设备，包括：
    处理电路，被配置为：
    基于以管理电子设备为参考点的区域内各频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，确定与所述频谱获取电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的报价，以供进行所述频谱交易，
    其中，所述管理电子设备是对所述频谱获取电子设备进行管理的电子设备。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，
    所述分布属性由热度矢量来表征，所述热度矢量表示所述区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第一多个同心圆内分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    在基于所述待交易的频谱的频谱提供电子设备在所述区域内的位置信息确定所述频谱提供电子设备位于所述多个第一同心圆当中具有第一半径的第一同心圆和具有大于所述第一半径的第二半径的第二同心圆之间的情况下，基于所述第一半径和所述热度矢量中的与所述第一半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第一数量、以及所述第二半径和所述热度矢量中的与所述第二半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的第二数量，估计表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述区域内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的锚点热度因子，
    基于预定价目表中的最高价格和最低价格估计所述锚点热度因子所对应的价格值，以及基于所述价格值生成所述报价。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    基于所述热度矢量中包括的与所述第一多个同心圆中的每个同心圆相对应的半径以及与该半径相对应的频谱获取电子设备的数量来分别计算与每个同心圆对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高热度因子以及将所计算出的分布密度中的最低分布密度作为最低热度因子，以及
    还基于所述最高热度因子和所述最低热度因子，估计所述锚点热度因子所对应的所述价格值。
  26. 根据权利要求22所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，
    所述分布属性由第一象限矢量来表征，所述第一象限矢量表示所述区域中的、以所述管理电子设备为圆心的第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，所述处理电 路被配置为：
    还基于第二象限矢量来确定所述待交易的频谱的报价，其中，所述第二象限矢量表示以所述待交易的频谱的频谱提供电子设备为圆心的圆形的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    基于所述第三多个同心圆中的每个同心圆的半径以及所述第一象限矢量中的、与该半径相对应的四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量来计算与所述每个同心圆的每个象限对应的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度，并将所计算出的分布密度中的最高分布密度作为最高象限因子以及将所计算出的分布密度中的最低分布密度作为最低象限因子，
    基于所述第二象限矢量中包括的所述圆形的半径以及所述四个象限中分别包括的频谱获取电子设备的数量，估计表示所述频谱提供电子设备在所述圆形内所处的位置处的频谱获取电子设备的分布密度的当前象限因子，以及
    基于预定价目表中的最高价格和最低价格、以及所述最高象限因子和所述最低象限因子，估计所述当前象限因子所对应的价格值，以及基于所述价格值生成所述报价。
  29. 根据权利要求24、25以及28中任一项所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，所述处理电路被配置为：
    根据高斯分布随机生成所述报价，其中，所述价格值作为所述高斯分布的均值，并且基于所述最高价格和所述最低价格生成所述高斯分布的方差。
  30. 根据权利要求22至29中任一项所述的频谱获取电子设备，其中，
    所述频谱获取电子设备是被配置为区块链架构的频谱管理系统中的主体，其中，在所述频谱管理系统中，除了所述频谱获取电子设备之外还包括管理电子设备、频谱提供电子设备以及其他电子设备中至少之一。
  31. 一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：
    确定以管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的第一分布属性，以及针对在所述管理电子设备的管理范围内待交易的频谱， 确定以所述频谱的频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的第二分布属性，以基于所述第一分布属性和所述第二分布属性管理所述频谱的交易。
  32. 一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：
    基于由对频谱提供电子设备进行管理的管理电子设备所确定的第一分布属性和第二分布属性，确定与所述频谱提供电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的出售价格区间，以供进行所述频谱交易，
    其中，所述第一分布属性是以所述管理电子设备为参考点的第一区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，以及所述第二分布属性是以所述频谱提供电子设备为参考点的第二区域内频谱获取电子设备的分布属性。
  33. 一种用于无线通信的方法，包括：
    基于以管理电子设备为参考点的区域内各频谱获取电子设备的分布属性，确定与频谱获取电子设备有关的频谱交易中待交易的频谱的报价，以供进行所述频谱交易，
    其中，所述管理电子设备是对所述频谱获取电子设备进行管理的电子设备。
  34. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机可执行指令，当所述计算机可执行指令被执行时，执行根据权利要求31至33中任一项所述的用于无线通信的方法。
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