WO2022021431A1 - Adaptation d'un seuil de détection d'énergie - Google Patents

Adaptation d'un seuil de détection d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022021431A1
WO2022021431A1 PCT/CN2020/106433 CN2020106433W WO2022021431A1 WO 2022021431 A1 WO2022021431 A1 WO 2022021431A1 CN 2020106433 W CN2020106433 W CN 2020106433W WO 2022021431 A1 WO2022021431 A1 WO 2022021431A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
threshold
resource
received energy
level
measurement
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PCT/CN2020/106433
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English (en)
Inventor
Jianguo Liu
Timo Lunttila
Claudio Rosa
Karol Schober
Renato ABREU
Tao Tao
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Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd.
Nokia Solutions And Networks Oy
Nokia Technologies Oy
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Application filed by Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd., Nokia Solutions And Networks Oy, Nokia Technologies Oy filed Critical Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd.
Priority to CN202080010994.9A priority Critical patent/CN114365526A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2020/106433 priority patent/WO2022021431A1/fr
Publication of WO2022021431A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022021431A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0015—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy
    • H04L1/0019—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy in which mode-switching is based on a statistical approach
    • H04L1/0021—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy in which mode-switching is based on a statistical approach in which the algorithm uses adaptive thresholds

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of telecommunication and in particular, to devices, methods, apparatuses and computer readable storage medium for adaptation of an energy detection (ED) threshold in contention-based transmission.
  • ED energy detection
  • Contention-based transmission can overcome specific problems caused by scheduling request (SR) procedures, in particular with regard to latency and signaling overhead.
  • SR scheduling request
  • a device may perform a listen before talk (LBT) procedure based on energy detection before performing actual transmission on the contention-based transmission resource. If the detected energy level on the transmission resource is above an energy detection (ED) threshold, the device may determine that the transmission resource is available (or clear) . Otherwise, the device may not perform transmission on the resource as the resource may be occupied by another device.
  • LBT listen before talk
  • ED energy detection
  • the setting of the ED threshold is important to avoid inter-device collision in the contention-based transmission.
  • example embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for adaptation of an ED threshold in contention-based transmission. Embodiments that do not fall under the scope of the claims, if any, are to be interpreted as examples useful for understanding various embodiments of the disclosure.
  • a first device comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code.
  • the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the first device to determine at least one received energy level of at least one signal by measuring the at least one signal from at least one second device on at least one measurement resource; compare the at least one received energy level with a first threshold level; and in accordance with a result of the comparison indicating that a received energy level of the at least one received energy level is below the first threshold level, adjust, based on the at least one received energy level, an energy detection threshold to be applied in contention with the at least one second device for a transmission resource.
  • a method in a second aspect, there is provided a method.
  • the method may be performed by a first device and comprises determining at least one received energy level of at least one signal by measuring the at least one signal from at least one second device on at least one measurement resource; comparing the at least one received energy level with a first threshold level; and in accordance with a result of the comparison indicating that a received energy level of the at least one received energy level is below the first threshold level, adjusting, based on the at least one received energy level, an energy detection threshold to be applied in contention with the at least one second device for a transmission resource.
  • a first apparatus comprises means for: determining at least one received energy level of at least one signal by measuring the at least one signal from at least one second apparatus on at least one measurement resource; comparing the at least one received energy level with a first threshold level; and in accordance with a result of the comparison indicating that a received energy level of the at least one received energy level is below the first threshold level, adjusting, based on the at least one received energy level, an energy detection threshold to be applied in contention with the at least one second apparatus for a transmission resource.
  • a computer readable medium comprises program instructions for causing an apparatus to perform at least the method according to the second aspect.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an example contention-based transmission by multiple devices
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a signaling flow for ED threshold adaptation in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an example of measurement resource allocation for inter-device hearability measurements in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an example of measurement resource allocation for inter-device hearability measurements in accordance with some other example embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 illustrates an example of ED threshold settings for different devices in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a first apparatus in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an apparatus that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates a block diagram of an example computer readable medium in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • references in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
  • first and second etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments.
  • the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
  • circuitry may refer to one or more or all of the following:
  • circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a hardware circuit or processor and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware.
  • circuitry also covers, for example and if applicable to the particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or processor integrated circuit for a mobile device or a similar integrated circuit in server, a cellular network device, or other computing or network device.
  • the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as New Radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and so on.
  • NR New Radio
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-Advanced
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • HSPA High-Speed Packet Access
  • NB-IoT Narrow Band Internet of Things
  • the communications between a terminal device and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and/or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future.
  • suitable generation communication protocols including, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and/or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will of course also be future type communication technologies and systems with which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned system
  • the term “network device” refers to a node in a communication network via which a terminal device accesses the network and receives services therefrom.
  • the network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an Integrated and Access Backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto, a pico, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) or non-ground network device such as a satellite network device, a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite and a geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellite, an aircraft network device, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and
  • terminal device refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communication.
  • a terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, user equipment (UE) , a Subscriber Station (SS) , a Portable Subscriber Station, a Mobile Station (MS) , or an Access Terminal (AT) .
  • UE user equipment
  • SS Subscriber Station
  • MS Mobile Station
  • AT Access Terminal
  • the terminal device may include, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phones, wireless local loop phones, a tablet, a wearable terminal device, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , portable computers, desktop computer, image capture terminal devices such as digital cameras, gaming terminal devices, music storage and playback appliances, vehicle-mounted wireless terminal devices, wireless endpoints, mobile stations, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , USB dongles, smart devices, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device and applications (e.g., remote surgery) , an industrial device and applications (e.g., a robot and/or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and/or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and/
  • resource may refer to any resource for performing a communication, for example, a communication between a terminal device and a network device, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like.
  • a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.
  • a plurality of communication devices including a first device 110, one or more second devices 120-1, 120-2, 120-3 can communicate with a third devices 130.
  • the second devices 120-1, 120-2, and 120-3 are collectively or individually referred to as second devices 120.
  • the first device 110 and the second devices 120 are illustrated as terminal devices. It is noted that the terms “first device” and “second device” are used for ease of description only.
  • the third device 130 is illustrated as network devices serving the terminal devices. The serving area of the second device 120 may be called a cell 102.
  • the environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices adapted for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. Although not shown, it would be appreciated that one or more additional devices may be located in the cell 102, and one or more additional cells may be deployed in the environment 100. It is noted that although illustrated as a network device, the third device 130 may be other device than a network device. Although illustrated as terminal devices, the first device 110 and/or the second device 120 may be other devices than terminal devices.
  • Communications in the communication environment 100 may be implemented according to any proper communication protocol (s) , comprising, but not limited to, cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) and the fifth generation (5G) and on the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and/or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future.
  • s cellular communication protocols of the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) and the fifth generation (5G) and on the like, wireless local network communication protocols such as Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 and the like, and/or any other protocols currently known or to be developed in the future.
  • IEEE Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers
  • the communication may utilize any proper wireless communication technology, comprising but not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) , Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) , Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) , Time Division Duplex (TDD) , Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple (OFDM) , Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) and/or any other technologies currently known or to be developed in the future.
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple
  • DFT-s-OFDM Discrete Fourier Transform spread OFDM
  • the first device 110 or second device 120 is a terminal device and the third device 130 is a network device
  • a link from the third device 130 to the first device 110 or second device 120 is referred to as a downlink (DL)
  • a link from the first device 110 or second device 120 to the third device 130 is referred to as an uplink (UL)
  • the third device 130 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter)
  • the first device 110 or second device 120 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver)
  • the first device 110 or second device 120 is a TX device (or a transmitter)
  • the third device 130 is a RX device (or a receiver) .
  • the first device 110 may contend with one or more second devices 120 for communication with the third device 130 using a transmission resource.
  • Such transmission may be called a contention-based transmission.
  • An example of the contention-based transmission may include a configured grant (CG) based transmission.
  • CG-based transmission a device, such as a terminal device, may be pre-allocated a resource with CG, such as a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) resource, and other parameters. Transmission with CG is a useful feature to achieve low latency and higher channel access probability. However, as the CG resource is pre-allocated, it would be wasted if the corresponding device has no data to transmit when the CG is available. Thus, to increase resource utilization and transmission opportunities, the same resource allocated with CG may be allocated to a group of devices for transmission. Such CG is called contention-based CG.
  • the devices contending for a same transmission resource may perform a listen-before-talk (LBT) procedure before transmission, such as a clear channel assessment (CCA) .
  • LBT listen-before-talk
  • CCA clear channel assessment
  • the transmission resource is in unlicensed spectrum
  • LBT procedure may be performed according to the regulatory requirements in certain regions in order to achieve coexistence fairness with other radio access technologies (RATs, such as, NR-unlicensed (NR-U) , licensed assisted access (LAA) , or Wi-Fi.
  • RATs such as, NR-unlicensed (NR-U) , licensed assisted access (LAA) , or Wi-Fi.
  • RATs such as, NR-unlicensed (NR-U) , licensed assisted access (LAA) , or Wi-Fi.
  • RATs such as, NR-unlicensed (NR-U) , licensed assisted access (LAA) , or Wi-Fi.
  • RATs such as, NR-unlicensed (NR-U)
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an example contention-based transmission by multiple devices where multiple starting points are configured.
  • the different starting points may correspond to different lengths of CP extensions.
  • the first device 110 contends with the second devices 120-1, 120-2, and 120-3 for a transmission resource 220.
  • Starting points #0 to #3 (denoted as 210 to 213) are configured for the first device 110 and the second devices 120-1, 120-2, and 120-3, respectively.
  • Each of the devices may transmit a CP extension at the configured starting point if it has data or information to be transmitted using the transmission resource 220.
  • Other devices may detect the received energy level of the CP extension and compare it with an energy detection (ED) threshold (also referred to as a maximum ED threshold) .
  • ED energy detection
  • the device may determine the transmission resource 220 as occupied (i.e., its LBT fails) . That is, the transmission of the CP extension can help the devices to occupy the transmission resource, which is helpful in reducing the probability of collisions as overlapping transmissions can be mitigated.
  • the ED threshold applied in each device can significantly affect whether the device can accurately perceive other devices that occupy the transmission resource and have starting points before the starting point of the current device.
  • the ED threshold may be configured by the network device, for example, in the case of controlled environments (such as factory halls) or absence of any other technologies (such as Wi-Fi) .
  • the ED threshold may be determined based on a default maximum ED threshold computation algorithm. Specifically, the ED threshold applied in a device may be proportional to the maximum output power and the operating channel bandwidth of the device. For example, in a 5GHz unlicensed spectrum, the ED threshold may be set to be -72dBm.
  • a first device is considered to “hear” a second device if a transmission from the first device would cause the LBT procedure from the second device to fail.
  • a signal transmitted by the first device is received by the second device at an energy level above the ED threshold applied in the LBT procedure.
  • some devices can’t hear each other at a received energy level above the ED threshold (e.g. -72 dBm) due to various reasons.
  • a transmit power of a terminal device is inversely proportional to the path loss between the terminal device and the network device.
  • the terminal devices close to the network device typically transmit at lower powers than cell-edge terminal devices.
  • a cell-center device e.g., the first device 110
  • transmits its CP extension at the starting point 210 with a low power may not be hearable by the second device 120-2 localized at the edge of the cell 102.
  • the two devices may then start their transmissions at a later point on the transmission resource 220 simultaneously.
  • a solution for adaptation of an ED threshold in contention-based transmission is configured for the purpose of ED threshold adjustment. More specifically, a first device is configured to measure a signal (s) from one or more second devices on one or more measurement resources, to obtain a received energy level (s) of the signal (s) . If the received energy level (s) is found to be below a threshold level, the first device adaptively adjusts its ED threshold based on the received energy level (s) . For example, the ED threshold may be updated to a lower threshold such that the probability of the first device hearing the one or more second devices in the contention will be increased.
  • the first device can achieve ED threshold adaptation depending on the measurement result. As such, it is possible to improve the probability of inter-device hearability and thus mitigate or avoid inter-device collision for contention-based transmission.
  • This solution may also facilitate efficient time division multiplexing (TDM) amongst different devices.
  • Fig. 3 shows a signaling flow 300 for ED threshold adaptation in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the signaling flow 300 will be described with reference to Fig. 1.
  • the signaling flow 300 may involve a first device 110, one or more second devices 120, and a third device 130 in Fig. 1.
  • the first device 110 contends with the one or more second devices 120 for a transmission resource.
  • the transmission resource may comprise a resource pre-allocated to the first device 110 and the one or more second devices 120 before their transmissions via CG.
  • the transmission resource may be allocated in an unlicensed spectrum.
  • the transmission resource may be of any type and any size, which is not limited in the example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the adaptation of an ED threshold at the side of the first device 110 is specifically illustrated in the signaling flow 300 and will be discussed in detail below. However, it is noted that the functionalities of the first device 110 described below may be similarly implemented in one or more second devices 120.
  • one or more second devices 120 transmit 305 one or more signals on one or more available resources for the signal transmission.
  • the first device 110 measures 310 the one or more signals on the corresponding resources and determines 315 one or more received energy levels of the one or more signals based on the measurement.
  • the resource (s) used to transmit the signal (s) for inter-device hearability measurement may be referred to as a “measurement resource” herein.
  • the third device 130 may configure one or more measurement resources for the first device 110 and the one or more second devices 120. Specifically, the third device 130 transmits 302 measurement configuration information to the first device 110 and the one or more second devices 120. The measurement configuration information may indicate at least the measurement resource (s) .
  • the first device 110 can determine on which measurement resource (s) to detect a signal (s) from the one or more second device (s) 120.
  • the one or more second device (s) 120 as well, can determine where to transmit the signal (s) after receiving 306 the measurement configuration information from the third device 130.
  • the measurement configuration information may be configured to the first device 110 and/or the one or more second devices 120 dynamically or semi-statically.
  • the configuration of the measurement resource (s) may be pre-specified for the one or more second devices 120 and the first device 110.
  • the measurement configuration information may further indicate a measurement resource on which the first device 110 can transmit a signal to be measured by the one or more second devices 120.
  • the first device 110 may also transmit 312 a further signal to the one or more second devices 120.
  • a second device 120 may measure 314 the further signal from the first device 110, and possibly measures the signal from one or more other second devices 120 as well.
  • the first device 110 may be configured in a same way as the second device (s) 120 to transmit a signal for the purpose of inter-device hearability measurement, although it may not be configured to do so in some embodiments.
  • the measurement resource (s) may comprise one or more resources for transmission of a reference signal (s) .
  • a reference signal (RS) is a signal sequence (also referred to as “RS sequence” ) that may be known by both the transmitter and receiver.
  • the second device (s) 120 may transmit the corresponding RS (s) using the measurement resource (s) .
  • RSs may include a sounding reference signal (SRS) , a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) , and a channel status information (CSI) -RS.
  • RSs and other signals may also be transmitted by the second device (s) 120 using the measurement resource (s) and could also be utilized for the purpose of inter-device hearability measurement.
  • PUCCH physical uplink control channel
  • PUSCH physical uplink control channel
  • the third device 130 may configure a set of measurement resources for the second device (s) 120 and the first device 110 in the measurement configuration information.
  • the second device (s) 120 and the first device 110 may be configured in a same group for the contention-based transmission on the same transmission resource, for example, in a same group of contention-based transmission using a CG.
  • Each of the second device (s) 120 and the first device 110 may then select a measurement resource from the set of measurement resources to transmit the signal.
  • the third device 130 may signal a grouping identification to the first device 110 and the second device (s) 120 such that they may be aware of which group the measurement resources are provided. This is beneficial if the first device 110 or the second device 120 is configured in more than one group for contention-based transmission on different transmission resources.
  • each of the first device 110 and the second device (s) 120 may be configured with a different measurement resource among the set of measurement resources.
  • the respective measurement resources to be used by the second device (s) 120 and the first device 110 may be explicitly indicated in the measurement configuration information.
  • each of the second device (s) 120 and the first device 110 may directly determine, from the measurement configuration information, where to transmit its signal (e.g., RS) and where to measure the signal (s) from other devices.
  • RS signal
  • the measurement resources may be configured implicitly based on a predetermined rule.
  • the third device 130 may randomly allocate a set of measurement resources to the second device (s) 120 and the first device 110.
  • Each of the second device (s) 120 and the first device 110 may determine which measurement resource can be used to transmit its signal based on a predetermined parameter specific to the device.
  • the predetermined parameter may include, for example, a specific radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) , such as a cell-radio network temporary identity (C-RNTI) , a configured scheduling radio network temporary identifier (CS-RNTI) , or other RNTI assigned to the first device 110 or the second device 120.
  • RNTI radio network temporary identifier
  • C-RNTI cell-radio network temporary identity
  • CS-RNTI configured scheduling radio network temporary identifier
  • the allocation of the measurement resources may be deterministic across the second device (s) 120 and the first device 110. For example, in the case where the second device (s) 120 and the first device 110 are configured with different starting points to contend for a transmission resource, the second device 120 or the first device 110 may determine its measurement resource based on its starting point. The first device 110 or second device 120 may determine, based on its starting point, the measurement resource on which to transmit the signal as an n-th resource within the set of measurement resources configured by the third device 130, where n is a positive integer.
  • a starting point configured for the first device and/or second device corresponds to a length of CP extension to be transmitted.
  • the maximum length of CP extension is CP max and there are a total of N measurement resources configured by the third device 130, N is a positive integer. If the length of the CP extension corresponding to the starting point configured for a device (the first device 110 or the second device 120) is CP conf , the n-th resource for transmitting a signal may be determined as follows:
  • the second device (s) 120 and the first device 110 may be configured to transmit their signals and perform the measurements within a specific measurement occasion.
  • the third device 130 may configure a set of consecutive measurement resources within a channel occupancy time (COT) initiated by the third device 130.
  • the COT duration may be indicated by the third device 130 to the first and second devices 110, 120 in granularity of symbols, for example, for up to 10 slots ahead.
  • the third device 130 is a network device
  • such COT may be referred to as a network device-initiated COT.
  • the second device (s) 120 and the first device 110 may all be idle for data transmissions.
  • the set of consecutive measurement resources may be allocated within other measurement occasion.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an example of measurement resource allocation for inter-device hearability measurements in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the third device 130 configures a set of measurement resources within a third device-initiated COT 420, including measurement resources in symbol#1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13.
  • Each of the first device 110 and the second device (s) 120 is allocated with a different measurement resource, and thus may transmit its signal 414 on the corresponding measurement resource.
  • the first device 110 may transmit its signal (such as a SRS) in symbol#1 and may measure signals transmitted from the second devices 120-1, 120-2, 120-3 in symbols#3, 5, and 7.
  • the transmission occasion may be referred to as a SRS burst.
  • the first device 110 and the second device (s) 120 may perform a LBT procedure and/or transmission of CP extensions (if configured) before transmitting signals on the measurement resources.
  • the third device 130 may further configure resources for the LBTs and/or transmission of CP extensions to the first device 110 and the second device (s) 120.
  • each of the first device 110 and the second device (s) 120 may be configured with resources to perform a LBT procedure 410 and transmission of CP extension 412 before the transmission of the signals for measurement.
  • the LBT procedure may be a type 2A/B LBT, although other channel access types are also possible.
  • the measurement resources may not be configured to be associated with specific devices. That is, although being configured with a set of measurement resources for signal measurement, the first device 110 (as well as the second device (s) 120) may not be sure which device may transmit the signal on the measurement resources.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates such an example of measurement resource allocation for inter-device hearability measurements.
  • the third device 130 configures one or more measurement resources for the first device 110 and the second device (s) 120 for inter-device hearability measurement.
  • the measurement resources may be comprised as a part of a contention-based transmission resource 520.
  • the measurement resources may be configured to be same as the contention-based transmission resource 520.
  • the first device 110 and the second device (s) 120 are in a same group for contention-based transmission on this transmission resource 520, each configured with a different starting point (from starting points#0 to #3, denoted as 510 to 513 in Fig. 5) .
  • the first device 110 and the second device (s) 120 may be further configured to measure a signal 530 transmitted using the configured measurement resource (which is a part of the transmission resource 520) when not performing transmission on the transmission resource 520.
  • the first device 110 may not have a transmission using the transmission resource 520, the LBT procedure performed on its starting point fails, or the starting point of the first device 110 is the one with a higher index, i.e. at a later point in time.
  • one of the second device (s) 120 may occupy the transmission resource 520 due to a LBT success and thus may start transmit a signal 530 on the configured measurement resource.
  • the first device 110 as well as other second device (s) 120 not performing transmission may measure the signal 530 on the configured measurement resource.
  • the first device 110 may have a successful contention for the transmission resource 520, instead of performing measurement, it may transmit the signal 530 on the configured measurement resource comprised therein.
  • the measurement resources may be configured in two or more contention-based transmission resources allocated for the first device 110 and the at least one second device (s) 120.
  • the first device 110 and/or the second device (s) 120 may be configured to perform the inter-device hearability measurement as described above in each transmission resource.
  • a measurement resource configured in a contention-based transmission resource may comprise a resource for DMRS transmission, such as DMRS multiplexed with a PUSCH transmission or called PUSCH DMRS.
  • the device (either the first device 110 or a second device 120) may transmit DMRS as the signal 530.
  • the receiver of the signal may not be able to determine which device transmits this signal.
  • the first device 110 or the second device (s) 120 after receiving the signal on the configured measurement resource, may further detect control information transmitted by the device occupying the transmission resource 520 in order to decode an identification of the device (which may be the first device 110 or a second device 120 depending on the contention result) .
  • the control information may be transmitted after the transmission of the signal for measurement.
  • control information 540 may be transmitted after the signal 530 (e.g., DMRS) and thus detected by the first device 110 or the second device (s) 120.
  • the first device 110 or a second device 120 may not need to decode the identification of the device which transmits the signal 530, for example, if the detected signal 530 (e.g., DMRS) is device-specific (e.g., UE-specific) or if the first device 110 or a second device 120 does not care about the specific device transmitting the signal 530 but assumes that the device is in the same group for contention-based transmission for the transmission resource 520.
  • the detected signal 530 e.g., DMRS
  • device-specific e.g., UE-specific
  • the resource used for transmission of the control information may comprise a PUCCH resource, which may also be configured by the third device 130.
  • the device occupying the transmission resource 520 may need to transmit data to the third device 130.
  • the DMRS and control information may be transmitted in company with data transmission, but can be reused for the inter-device hearability measurement by other devices in the example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the configuration of the measurement resource (s) and the measurement of the signal (s) have been described above.
  • the transmission on the measurement resource by the first device 110 has also been described above along with the transmission by the one or more second devices 120, it is to be understood that in some example embodiments, the first device 110 may not transmit the signal to be measured by the second device (s) 120.
  • a measurement resource may not be configured for the first device 110 to transmit the signal and the second device (s) 120 may not need to perform the measurement with respect to the first device 110.
  • the transmission of the signal (s) on the measurement resource (s) is to enable the first device 110 (or the second device 120) to check whether it is able to “hear” other contending device in contention-based transmission based on its currently used ED threshold.
  • the received energy level of a signal may be measured as a reference signal received power (RSRP) , a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) , and/or any other indicator that can be used measure the received energy of the signal at the receiver.
  • RSRP reference signal received power
  • RSRQ reference signal received quality
  • Fig. 3 illustrates at the side of the first device 110 which performs ED threshold adaptation based on its measurement result (s) .
  • the ED threshold adaptation at each second device 120 may be performed similarly.
  • the first device 110 compares 320 the one or more received energy levels of the one or more signals detected from the second device (s) 120 with a threshold level.
  • This threshold may be referred to as a “first threshold level” for ease of description.
  • the first device 110 determines whether to adjust its ED threshold depending on the result of the comparison.
  • the first device 110 may probably fail to hear the corresponding second device (s) 120 in the contention-based transmission.
  • the first device 110 adjusts 325 its currently-applied ED threshold based on the one or more received energy levels.
  • the first device 110 may identify the received energy level (s) measured from the one or more second devices 120 in the same group for contention-based transmission, and use those received energy level (s) to adjust the ED threshold applied in the contention-based transmission with those second devices 120 in the same group.
  • the adjustment of the ED threshold may be performed in various manners.
  • the first device 110 may adjust the ED threshold based on a relatively low received energy level among the one or more received energy levels. For example, the first device 110 may set the ED threshold to be equal to the lowest received energy level among the received energy level (s) . As another example, the first device 110 may set the ED threshold to be the lowest received energy level minus an offset. In an example embodiment, this offset may be configured by the third device 130. In another example embodiment, the offset may be determined based on certain factors such as the duration of CCA, the LBT bandwidth, the difference between transmit powers for data transmission and RS transmission. In some examples, the offset may be set as 1dB, 2dB, 3dB, or the like. It is appreciated that those are listed as specific examples only, without suggesting any limitation to the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the first device 110 may be configured with a further threshold level (referred to as a “second threshold level) used to determine the adjustment of the ED threshold. For example, if the first device 110 determines any of the one or more received energy levels below the first threshold level, it may further compare the one or more received energy levels with the second threshold level which may be set as lower than the first threshold level. The first device 110 may determine whether to adjust the current ED threshold based on the result of the comparison with the second threshold level. In some example embodiments, the first device 110 may select the lowest received energy level and compare the lowest received energy level with the second threshold level.
  • a further threshold level referred to as a “second threshold level”
  • the first device 110 may determine to adjust the ED threshold.
  • the first device 110 may set the ED threshold based on the second threshold level.
  • the ED threshold may be set to be equal to the second threshold level or be the second threshold level minus an offset.
  • the first device 110 may set the ED threshold to be a received threshold level that is not higher than the first threshold level and not lower than (e.g., higher than) the second threshold level.
  • the first device 110 may select the lowest energy level of the received energy levels that is lower than the first threshold level but is not lower than the second threshold level.
  • the first device 110 may set the ED threshold to be equal to the selected received energy level or the selected received energy level minus an offset.
  • the offset may be configured or determined in a similar manner as described above.
  • the first device 110 may set the ED threshold based on the lowest received energy level, as discussed above.
  • the first threshold level and/or the second threshold level may be predetermined or configured by the third device 130.
  • the first threshold level and the second threshold level may be set as -72dBm and -92dBm, respectively.
  • other threshold levels may also be predetermined or configured.
  • the first threshold level may be determined based on the ED threshold currently applied in the first device 110. The first threshold level may be set to be equal to or lower than the currently-applied ED threshold.
  • the service priorities of the first device 110 and the one or more second device (s) 120 may not be the same.
  • the first device 110 and the one or more second device (s) 120 may support different services among an enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) service, an ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC) service, and other suitable services, which may have different service priorities.
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • URLLC ultra-reliable and low latency communications
  • the service priority of URLLC may be higher than the service priority of eMBB.
  • the devices supporting different services may be configured with overlapped transmission resources for improved resource utilization, even if they may not be assigned with a same group for contention-based transmission.
  • One example use case may include the eMBB and URLLC multiplexing application.
  • the first device 110 may consider the service priorities of both the first device 110 and the one or more second devices 120 from which the received energy level (s) are measured. In some example embodiments, it may be desirable that a device with a higher service priority (e.g., URLLC) does not hear other devices with lower service priorities (e.g., eMBB) , therefore being allowed to transmit on top, possibly with higher power than the devices with the lower service priorities. Therefore, if the first device 110 determines that its service priority is lower than that of all the second device (s) 120, it may adjust its ED threshold to be a lower value as discussed above. Otherwise, if the first device 110 has a higher service priority than the second device (s) 120, it may keep the ED threshold as high as allowed.
  • a device with a higher service priority e.g., URLLC
  • eMBB lower service priorities
  • the first device 110 may be configured to perform the measurement based on a relative positioning relation between the starting point of the first device 110 and the starting point (s) of the second device (s) 120.
  • the first device 110 may measure the signal (s) transmitted by one or more second device (s) 120 whose starting point (s) is prior to the starting point of the first device 110. This is because the first device 110 may have a high probability of colliding with those second device (s) 120 in the contention-based transmission.
  • the first device 110 may skip the measurement for one or more second device (s) having a starting point (s) later than the starting point of the first device 110.
  • the ED threshold of the first device 110 may be adjusted to be a higher value.
  • the received energy levels used for the ED threshold adjustment may cumulate as the starting point of the first device 110 is configured to a later point as compared with the one or more second device (s) 120.
  • the ED threshold of the first device 110 may be adjusted to a lower value as more received energy levels are considered.
  • their ED thresholds adjusted according to the cumulative received energy level (s) may be variable, more specifically, decrease from the first starting point to the last starting point, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the first device 110 may consider the minimum value of the received energy levels only for the corresponding linked measurement resources.
  • the first device 110 may apply the adjusted ED threshold in one or more following contention-based transmission, to contend with the one or more second devices for the transmission resource.
  • the first device 110 may transmit feedback information to the third device 130, which is also illustrated in the signaling flow 300 of Fig. 3. As illustrated, the first device 110 transmits 335 feedback information to the third device 130.
  • the feedback information may comprise a result of the measurement and/or the adjusted ED threshold.
  • the result of the measurement comprised in the feedback information may indicate all the received energy level (s) determined for the one or more measurement resource (s) configured by the third device 130.
  • at least one resource index of the at least one measurement resource may be comprised in the result of the measurement, to specifically indicate the measuring result on each of the configured measurement resource.
  • the first device 110 may indicate one or more received energy levels that are higher than a threshold level (referred to as a third threshold level) or lower than a threshold level (referred to as a fourth threshold level) .
  • the third or four threshold level may be set to be the first or second threshold level as discussed above.
  • the third and four threshold levels may be different from either the first threshold level or the second threshold level.
  • the result of the measurement may additionally or alternatively indicate one or more resource indices of the one or more received energy levels that are higher than the third threshold level or lower than the fourth threshold level.
  • the result of the measurement may indicate one or more identifications of one or more second device (s) 120 from which the signal (s) is measured.
  • the first device 110 may report, to the third device, all the second device (s) 120 or some of the second device (s) 120 corresponding to the received energy level (s) higher than or lower than the above threshold level.
  • a second device 120 may also transmit 340 feedback information to the third device 130.
  • the feedback information may include similar contents as discussed above.
  • the third device 130 upon receiving 345 the feedback information from the first device 110 and/or the second device (s) 120, may determine a (re-) configuration of one or more contention properties for the first device 110 and/or the second device (s) 120.
  • the third device 130 may be able to determine more suitable (re-) configuration for those devices in order to avoid inter-device collision and/or to improve resource utilization.
  • the third device 130 may configure or update a starting point (s) of one or more of the first device 110 and the second device (s) 120.
  • the third device 130 may determine a grouping configuration for the first device 110 and the second device (s) 120 to indicate whether those devices can be configured within a same group or should be separated into different groups.
  • the third device 130 transmits 350 the (re-) configuration to the corresponding device (s) .
  • the first device 110 and/or the second device (s) 120 may apply such (re-) configuration and perform the contention-based transmission accordingly.
  • Fig. 7 shows a flowchart of an example method 700 implemented at a first device in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 700 will be described from the perspective of the first device 110 with respect to Fig. 1.
  • the first device 110 determines at least one received energy level (e.g., RSRP) of at least one signal (e.g., SRS, DMRS, PUCCH) by measuring the at least one signal from at least one second device 120 on at least one measurement resource.
  • the first device 110 may be configured to perform the measurement by receiving measurement configuration information from a third device 130 (e.g., a network device serving the first device 110) .
  • the measurement configuration information may indicate a set of measurement resources, from which the first device 110 may determine the at least one measurement resource for measuring the at least one signal from the at least one second device 120.
  • the set of measurement resources are configured within a COT initiated by the third device 130 such that the measurement may be performed in a same measurement occasion by the first device 110 and possible by the at least one second device 120. As the first device 110 may be idle during the COT, the normal transmission may not be interrupted by the measurement.
  • the first device 110 may determine its starting point and at least one starting point of the at least one second device 120 for contention-based transmission, which may all be configured by the third device 130. The first device 110 may then determine which second device 120 should be considered in the measurement based on a relative positioning relation between their starting points. In some examples, if one or more second devices 120 have their starting points prior to the starting point of the first device 110, the first device 110 may determine to consider the one or more second devices 120 for the purpose of inter-device hearability measurement. As such, less measurement may need to be performed in some cases. The second device (s) 120 which may likely cause collision with the first device 110 is considered by the first device 110 in adapting the ED threshold.
  • the first device 110 may perform the measurement when it is not transmitting.
  • the set of measurement resources may be comprised in a set of transmission resources for contention-based transmission by the first device and the at least one second device. If the first device 110 has no transmission to be performed on one of the set of transmission resources (referred to as a “target transmission resource” ) due to, e.g., contention failure or having no data to be transmitted, it may determine that a measurement may need to be performed on the measurement resource comprised in the target transmission resource.
  • a device other than the first device 110 e.g., a second device 120, may have successfully occupied the target transmission resource and thus transmit a signal using the measurement resource comprised therein.
  • the at least one second device 120 towards which the measurement is performed may be in the same group as the first device 110 for contention-based transmission, for example a same group for CG-based contention.
  • the at least one second device 120 and the first device 110 may be configured with different starting points for performing the contention-based transmission, for example, for transmitting the CP extension.
  • the at least one second device 120 and the first device 110 may not be configured in a same group but their resources are overlapping and thus contention is needed.
  • the first device 110 may additionally determines at least one identification of the at least one second device 120, for example, by detecting control information transmitted by the at least one second device 120.
  • the first device 110 may also determine, from the set of configured measurement resources, a further measurement resource allocated for it.
  • the measurement resource may be determined based on a starting point for contention-based transmission by the first device.
  • the first device 110 may transmit a further signal on the further measurement resource, which may be measured by the second device (s) 120 for the purpose of ED threshold adaptation.
  • the first device 110 compares the at least one received energy level with a first threshold level.
  • the first threshold level may be predetermined or configured by the third device 130, or pre-defined.
  • the first device 110 determines whether any of the at least one received energy level is below the first threshold level. If one or more of the received energy level (s) are below the first threshold level, at block 740, the first device 110 adjust, based on the at least one received energy level, an ED threshold to be applied in contention with the at least one second device 120 for a transmission resource.
  • the ED threshold may be the one that is currently applied at the first device 110 for contention with the at least one second device 120. In some example embodiments, the ED threshold may be equal to the first threshold level. In some embodiments, the ED threshold may be adjusted based on a lowest received energy level. In some embodiments, if all of the received energy level (s) are not below the first threshold level, the first device 110 may determine not adjusting the current ED threshold.
  • the first device 110 may further compare the at least one received energy level with a second threshold level which may be lower than the first threshold level.
  • the first device 110 may adjust the ED threshold based on a result of the comparison with the second threshold level.
  • the first device 110 may set the ED threshold based on the second threshold level, for example, set to be equal to the second threshold level.
  • the first device 110 may set the ED threshold based on a received energy level that is not higher than the first threshold level and not lower than the second threshold level.
  • the ED threshold may be set to be equal to the lowest value of the received energy levels not less than the second threshold level.
  • the first device 110 may set the ED threshold based on the lowest received energy level. For example, the ED threshold may be set to be equal to the lowest received energy level or equal to the lowest received energy level minus an offset.
  • the first device 110 may adjust the ED threshold in other manners and in some example embodiments, the second threshold level may not be used.
  • the first device 110 may adjust the ED threshold further based on service priorities of the first device 110 and the at least one second device 120. For example, if the first device 110 has a lower service priority, the first device 110 may continue to adjust the ED threshold as discussed above. Otherwise, the first device 110 may not need to adjust the ED threshold and is allowed to keep its ED threshold as high as allowed due to its high service priority.
  • the first device 110 may transmit feedback information to the third device 130.
  • the feedback information may indicate one or more of the following: the at least one received energy level determined for the at least one measurement resource, at least one resource index of the at least one measurement resource, at least one identification of the at least one second device 120 from which the at least one signal is measured, the adjusted energy detection threshold, a first received energy level lower than a third threshold level, a first resource index of a measurement resource on which the first received energy level is determined, a second received energy level exceeding a fourth threshold level, and a second resource index of a measurement resource on which the second received energy level is determined.
  • the first device 110 and the second devices 120 may comprise terminal devices, and the third device 130 may comprise a network device.
  • a first apparatus capable of performing any of the method 700 may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 700.
  • the means may be implemented in any suitable form.
  • the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
  • the first apparatus may be implemented as or included in the first device 110.
  • the means may comprise a processor and a memory.
  • the first apparatus comprises means for: determining at least one received energy level of at least one signal by measuring the at least one signal from at least one second apparatus (e.g., implemented as or included in the second device 120) on at least one measurement resource; comparing the at least one received energy level with a first threshold level; and in accordance with a result of the comparison indicating that a received energy level of the at least one received energy level is below the first threshold level, adjusting, based on the at least one received energy level, an energy detection threshold to be applied in contention with the at least one second apparatus for a transmission resource.
  • at least one second apparatus e.g., implemented as or included in the second device 120
  • the first apparatus further comprises means for: receiving, from a third apparatus (e.g., implemented as or included in the third device 130) , measurement configuration information indicating a set of measurement resources; and determining, from the set of measurement resources, the at least one measurement resource for measuring the at least one signal.
  • a third apparatus e.g., implemented as or included in the third device 130
  • the set of measurement resources are configured within a channel occupancy time initiated by the third apparatus.
  • the set of measurement resources are comprised in a set of transmission resources for contention-based transmission by the first device and the at least one second device.
  • the means for determining the at least one measurement resource comprises means for: determining whether the first device has a transmission to be performed on a target transmission resource of the set of transmission resources; and in accordance with a determination that the first device does not have a transmission to be performed on the target transmission resource, determining a measurement resource comprised in the target transmission resource to perform the measuring.
  • the first apparatus further comprises means for: determining, from the set of measurement resources, a further measurement resource for the first apparatus based on a first starting point for contention-based transmission by the first apparatus; and transmitting a further signal on the further measurement resource.
  • the means for determining the at least one received energy level comprises means for: determining a first starting point for contention-based transmission by the first device and at least one second starting point for contention-based transmission by the at least one second device and determining the at least one second device from which the at least one signal is to be measured based on a relative positioning relation between the first starting point and the at least one second starting point.
  • the means for adjusting the energy detection threshold comprises means for: comparing the at least one received energy level with a second threshold level, the second threshold level being lower than the first threshold level; and adjusting the energy detection threshold based on a result of the comparison with the second threshold level.
  • the means for adjusting the energy detection threshold based on the result of the comparison comprises means for: in accordance with a determination that a lowest received energy level of the at least one received energy level is lower than the second threshold level, setting the energy detection threshold based on the second threshold level, or setting the energy detection threshold based on a received energy level not higher than the first threshold level and not lower than the second threshold level.
  • the means for adjusting the energy detection threshold comprises means for adjusting the energy detection threshold further based on service priorities of the first apparatus and the at least one second apparatus.
  • the first apparatus is configured in a same group as the at least one second apparatus for contention-based transmission on the transmission resource.
  • the first apparatus further comprises means for determining at least one identification of the at least one second apparatus by detecting control information transmitted by the at least one second apparatus.
  • the first apparatus further comprises means for transmitting, to a third apparatus, feedback information indicating at least one of the following: the at least one received energy level determined for the at least one measurement resource, at least one resource index of the at least one measurement resource, at least one identification of the at least one second apparatus from which the at least one signal is measured, the adjusted energy detection threshold, a first received energy level lower than a third threshold level, a first resource index of a measurement resource on which the first received energy level is determined, a second received energy level exceeding a fourth threshold level, and a second resource index of a measurement resource on which the second received energy level is determined.
  • Fig. 8 is a simplified block diagram of a device 800 that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the device 800 may be provided to implement a communication device, for example, the first device 110, the second device 120, or the third device 130 as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the device 800 includes one or more processors 810, one or more memories 820 coupled to the processor 810, and one or more communication modules 840 coupled to the processor 810.
  • the communication module 840 is for bidirectional communications.
  • the communication module 840 has one or more communication interfaces to facilitate communication with one or more other modules or devices.
  • the communication interfaces may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements.
  • the communication module 840 may include at least one antenna.
  • the processor 810 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may include one or more of the following: general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples.
  • the device 800 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
  • the memory 820 may include one or more non-volatile memories and one or more volatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memories include, but are not limited to, a Read Only Memory (ROM) 824, an electrically programmable read only memory (EPROM) , a flash memory, a hard disk, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disk (DVD) , an optical disk, a laser disk, and other magnetic storage and/or optical storage.
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • EPROM electrically programmable read only memory
  • flash memory a hard disk
  • CD compact disc
  • DVD digital video disk
  • optical disk a laser disk
  • RAM random access memory
  • a computer program 830 includes computer executable instructions that are executed by the associated processor 810.
  • the program 830 may be stored in the memory, e.g., ROM 824.
  • the processor 810 may perform any suitable actions and processing by loading the program 830 into the RAM 822.
  • the example embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by means of the program 830 so that the device 800 may perform any process of the disclosure as discussed with reference to Figs. 2 to 7.
  • the example embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented by hardware or by a combination of software and hardware.
  • the program 830 may be tangibly contained in a computer readable medium which may be included in the device 800 (such as in the memory 820) or other storage devices that are accessible by the device 800.
  • the device 800 may load the program 830 from the computer readable medium to the RAM 822 for execution.
  • the computer readable medium may include any types of tangible non-volatile storage, such as ROM, EPROM, a flash memory, a hard disk, CD, DVD, and the like.
  • Fig. 9 shows an example of the computer readable medium 900 which may be in form of CD, DVD or other optical storage disk.
  • the computer readable medium has the program 830 stored thereon.
  • various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representations, it is to be understood that the block, apparatus, system, technique or method described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
  • the present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium.
  • the computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target physical or virtual processor, to carry out any of the methods as described above with reference to Figs. 2 to 7.
  • program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types.
  • the functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments.
  • Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
  • Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions/operations specified in the flowcharts and/or block diagrams to be implemented.
  • the program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
  • the computer program code or related data may be carried by any suitable carrier to enable the device, apparatus or processor to perform various processes and operations as described above.
  • Examples of the carrier include a signal, computer readable medium, and the like.
  • the computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium.
  • a computer readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

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Abstract

Des exemples de modes de réalisation de la présente divulgation concernent l'adaptation d'un seuil de détection d'énergie (ED) dans une transmission sur la base d'un conflit. Un premier dispositif détermine au moins un niveau d'énergie reçu d'au moins un signal en mesurant le ou les signaux provenant d'au moins un second dispositif sur au moins une ressource de mesure. Le premier dispositif compare le ou les niveaux d'énergie reçus avec un premier niveau seuil. Si le ou les niveaux d'énergie reçus sont inférieurs au premier niveau seuil, le premier dispositif ajuste, sur la base du ou des niveaux d'énergie reçus, un seuil ED à appliquer en conflit avec le ou les seconds dispositifs pour une ressource de transmission. Grâce à cette solution, le premier dispositif peut réaliser un ajustement de seuil ED adaptatif en fonction du résultat de mesure.
PCT/CN2020/106433 2020-07-31 2020-07-31 Adaptation d'un seuil de détection d'énergie WO2022021431A1 (fr)

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