WO2022021414A1

WO2022021414A1 - Loudspeaker and electronic device

Info

Publication number: WO2022021414A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/106392
Authority: WO
Inventors: 文晙赫; 角田直隆; 李贤胜
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-07-31
Filing date: 2020-07-31
Publication date: 2022-02-03
Also published as: WO2022021820A1

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a loudspeaker and an electronic device. The loudspeaker comprises a loudspeaker housing, a magnetic circuit system, a diaphragm structure, and a driving rod. The magnetic circuit system, the diaphragm structure, and the driving rod are accommodated in the loudspeaker housing. The magnetic circuit system comprises a permanent magnet component, an electromagnetic coil, and an armature. The permanent magnet component is used to generate a fixed magnetic field, and the electromagnetic coil is used to generate an alternating magnetic field. The armature comprises a first armature part and a second armature part that are fixedly connected. The first armature part is accommodated in the electromagnetic coil, and the second armature part is accommodated in the permanent magnet component. The direction in which the first armature part extends towards the second armature part is a first direction, the width of the first armature part along a second direction is less than the width of the second armature part, and the diaphragm structure is fixed on an inner wall of the loudspeaker housing and is stacked with the electromagnetic coil along a third direction. Any two among the second direction, the third direction, and the first direction are perpendicular to one another, as such, lower resonance efficiency is attained, and the low-frequency performance of the speaker is improved.

Description

Speakers and Electronic Equipment

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of loudspeakers, and in particular, to a loudspeaker and an electronic device.

Background technique

True Wireless System (TWS) headphones are one of the most popular products today. TWS headsets have built-in devices, including batteries for battery life, digital-to-analog converters that convert digital signals into analog signals, Bluetooth transmitters, antennas, and chips for optimizing audio signals. To integrate all these basic components into the earphone shell, it is necessary to have matching drive units that produce sound, and one of the commonly used drive units is the balanced armature drive. In some application scenarios, the performance requirements of speakers in the low frequency band are very high, such as Active Noise Cancelling (ANC) TWS headphones, and the existing armature drive units are difficult to meet the requirements.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present application is to provide a speaker and an electronic device capable of improving low-frequency performance.

In order to achieve the above object, the implementation of the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, an implementation manner of the present application provides a loudspeaker including a loudspeaker housing, a magnetic circuit system, a diaphragm structure and a driving rod, wherein the magnetic circuit system, the diaphragm structure and the driving rod are all accommodated in the In the speaker housing, the magnetic circuit system includes a permanent magnet component, an electromagnetic coil and an armature, the permanent magnetic component is used to generate a fixed magnetic field, and the electromagnetic coil is used to generate an alternating magnetic field, wherein the armature includes a connection the first armature part and the second insertion part, the direction in which the first armature part extends toward the second armature part is the first direction, and the first armature part is accommodated in the electromagnetic coil, The second armature portion is accommodated in the permanent magnet member, and the width of the first armature portion along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction is smaller than that of the second armature portion along the second The diaphragm structure is fixed on the inner wall of the speaker housing and is stacked with the electromagnetic coil along a third direction, the first direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, the second The direction is perpendicular to the third direction, the driving rod is fixedly connected between the diaphragm structure and the second armature part, and is used for magnetizing the armature by the fixed magnetic field and the alternating magnetic field It drives the diaphragm structure to vibrate and emit sound.

The fixed magnetic field is a magnetic field whose intensity and direction remain unchanged. The alternating magnetic field is a magnetic field whose direction of the magnetic field changes alternately according to the polarity of the input audio signal. Optionally, the audio signal is a sinusoidal alternating current signal, which is not limited herein.

After the electromagnetic coil is energized, electromagnetic force is generated and an alternating magnetic field is generated. The armature is magnetized by the fixed magnetic field and the alternating magnetic field and under the action of the fixed magnetic field, thereby driving the diaphragm structure to vibrate to generate sound pressure. Let the action force of the fixed magnetic field acting on the armature be the driving force F, that is, the magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet components on the armature. The driving force F=Bl×I, where Bl is the magneto-electrical conversion factor, and I is the current input in the electromagnetic coil. In this way, increasing the magneto-electrical conversion factor B1 can increase the low-frequency output sound pressure level.

The magneto-electric conversion factor B1 is related to the magnetic flux of the fixed magnetic field received by the armature. When the magnetic flux of the fixed magnetic field passing through the armature is increased, the magneto-electric conversion factor B1 can be effectively improved. When increasing the magnetic effective area of the armature in the fixed magnetic field, the magnetic flux received by the armature can be increased. In other words, the driving force F that the armature can receive is proportional to the magnetic effective area of the armature placed in the magnetic field.

Compared with the existing first armature part and the second armature part with the same width, in the present application, since the width of the second armature part along the second direction is larger than the width of the first armature part along the second direction, The magnetic effective area of the armature in the fixed magnetic field is increased. Increasing the magnetic effective area of the armature in the fixed magnetic field can effectively increase the magnetic flux received by the armature, thereby increasing the magneto-electrical conversion factor B1, and finally increasing the driving force F. As the driving force F is increased, the low-frequency output sound pressure level of the speaker is increased, that is, the low-frequency sound pressure level performance of the speaker is improved.

In addition, the resonance frequency of the vibration of the diaphragm structure depends on the resonance frequency of the armature. The resonant frequency of the armature

Among them, K is the stiffness of the armature, and M is the mass of the armature. According to the formula

Among them, E is Young's modulus, b is the width of the armature, h is the thickness of the armature, and L is the length of the armature. It can be seen that the stiffness K of the armature is related to the size of the armature. In the present application, since the width of the first armature part along the second direction is smaller than the width of the second armature part along the second direction, the stiffness K of the armature is reduced and the mass M of the armature is improved, thereby reducing the armature The resonant frequency f, expands the low-frequency response of the armature, that is, improves the low-frequency performance of the speaker.

The combined structure of the permanent magnet component, the electromagnetic coil, the first armature part and the second armature part is the result of design considering various factors. Due to the volume limitation of the speaker housing, and the speaker housing needs to reserve installation space for components other than the armature, for example, the magnetic core in the permanent magnet component needs to retain a certain thickness to avoid the magnetic core being too thin Saturation affects the sound pressure output of the loudspeaker. Therefore, considering the impact on the magnetic circuit design, the size of the armature part (referred to as the armature front end) through which the permanent magnet components are pierced cannot be infinitely widened.

In addition, the magnetomotive force of the electrified electromagnetic coil Mf=N×I, where N is the number of turns of the electromagnetic coil, and I is the current passed into the electromagnetic coil. The more turns N, the greater the magnetomotive force generated by the energized solenoid. The low-frequency sound pressure level output of the speaker is proportional to the magnetomotive force of the coil, that is, the greater the magnetomotive force generated by the electromagnetic coil, the greater the low-frequency sound pressure level output of the speaker. To obtain a larger low-frequency sound pressure level output, it is necessary to increase the number of turns N, which will increase the inner diameter of the electromagnetic coil. Considering the size limitation of the inner diameter of the electromagnetic coil, the width of the first armature part through which the electromagnetic coil is inserted is smaller than the width of the second armature part through which the permanent magnet component is inserted. Increases the sound pressure output of the speakers.

Also, the armature mass M cannot be increased indefinitely, because the armature mass M=ρ×V, where ρ is the density of the material and V is the volume of the armature. The material is generally selected according to the magnetic permeability, and the density ρ is determined after the material is selected. In this way, to increase the armature mass M, only the volume V can be increased. Due to the limitation of the size of the speaker housing, the volume V of the armature cannot be increased indefinitely. This needs to comprehensively consider the impact of increasing the volume V of the armature. For example, increasing the thickness of the armature will increase the mass M of the armature, but the thickness of the armature will increase. An increase in , also leads to an increase in the armature stiffness K, which in turn leads to an increase in the resonant frequency f, which ultimately affects the low-frequency performance of the speaker system.

According to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the width of the connection between the second armature part and the first armature part is determined from the direction of the first armature part to the The direction of the second armature portion increases, which is beneficial to improve the structural stability and rigidity of the armature. It should be understood that the connection between the second armature part and the first armature part refers to the connection part or the connection area between the second armature part and the first armature part.

According to the first aspect or a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the armature further includes a reinforcement arm, a first side bridge and a second side bridge, One end of the first armature part away from the second armature part, the first side bridge and the second side bridge are all fixedly connected to the reinforcing arm and arranged at intervals, and the second armature part Located between the first side bridge and the second side bridge, the reinforcing arm, the first side bridge and the second side bridge are all located outside the electromagnetic coil, the first side bridge and the The second side bridge is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the permanent magnet component. In this way, the electromagnetic coil is surrounded by the reinforcing arm, the first side bridge and the second side bridge, which is beneficial to improve the assembly stability of the armature and the electromagnetic coil. sex.

According to the first aspect or the first to second possible implementations of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect, the reinforcement arm includes a fixedly connected first reinforcement portion and a second reinforcement part, the first side bridge is fixedly connected with the first reinforcement part, the second side bridge is fixedly connected with the first reinforcement part, the first side bridge and the second side bridge are arranged opposite to each other, the The first reinforcement part is located between the diaphragm structure and the electromagnetic coil, the end of the second reinforcement part far away from the first reinforcement part and the first armature part away from the second armature part One end of the armature is fixedly connected, and the first reinforcement part is arranged opposite to the first armature part, so that the first reinforcement part, the second reinforcement part, the first armature part and the second armature part form a U-shaped structure , increase the area of the armature surrounding the electromagnetic coil, and further improve the assembly stability of the armature and the electromagnetic coil.

According to the first aspect or the first to third possible implementations of the first aspect, in a fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, both the first side bridge and the second side bridge are It includes a fixedly connected bridge body and a connecting part, the connecting part is formed by bending and extending the edge of one end of the first reinforcement part away from the second reinforcement part toward the side away from the diaphragm structure, and the bridge body is formed. It is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the permanent magnet component, and the bridge body and the first armature part extend in the same direction, so that the first side bridge and the second side bridge are curved structures, which strengthens the structural stability of the armature .

According to the first aspect or the first to fourth possible implementations of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation of the first aspect, the permanent magnet component includes a magnetic core, a first magnetic member, and a second A magnetic piece, the first magnetic piece and the second magnetic piece are fixedly accommodated in the magnetic core, the first magnetic piece, the second armature part, and the second magnetic piece are along the The three-direction arrangement, in this way, strengthens the magnetic field strength of the fixed magnetic field.

According to the first aspect or the first to fifth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the second armature part is remote from the first armature part One end is provided with a first connection hole, and the driving rod and the first connection hole are fixedly connected by colloid, which is beneficial to improve the stability and efficiency of the assembly of the armature and the driving rod.

According to the first aspect or the first to sixth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the vibrating membrane structure includes a fixing ring, a sheet body and a vibrating membrane, so The fixing ring is fixed on the inner wall of the speaker housing, the vibration film is fixed on the fixing ring, and the sheet body is fixed on the vibration film away from the armature (including the first armature part and the second armature part). One side of the second armature part), that is, the vibrating film is located between the sheet body and the armature, and the end of the driving rod away from the second armature part is fixedly connected to the sheet body, so The armature can drive the sheet body and the vibrating film to vibrate. The vibrating membrane is fixed on the inner wall of the loudspeaker casing through the fixing ring, which facilitates the assembly of the loudspeaker. The sheet body is arranged on the vibrating membrane to strengthen the rigidity and strength of the vibrating membrane structure.

According to the first aspect or the first to seventh possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the sheet body has a maximum displacement area, and the maximum displacement area is the The vibration displacement when the sheet body vibrates is located in an area within the maximum displacement range, wherein the maximum value in the maximum displacement range is the maximum vibration displacement when the sheet body vibrates, and the maximum displacement area of the sheet body is provided with a concave. The concave hole is recessed from the edge of the sheet body toward the interior of the sheet body, so that the edge of the maximum displacement area of the sheet body has a frog web structure, which is beneficial to overcome the resistance in the air and generate air sound pressure, thereby Improve the propulsion of the diaphragm structure movement, which helps the speaker achieve higher sound pressure.

According to the first aspect or the first to eighth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the edge of the concave hole is an arc-shaped edge, so that the The smooth edge profile further helps overcome resistance in the air, helping the speaker achieve higher sound pressure.

According to the first aspect or the first to ninth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in a tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the maximum length of the armature along the second direction is the same as the maximum length of the armature in the second direction. The ratio of the maximum length of the armature along the first direction is 1:J, and the J is greater than or equal to 2.

As can be seen from the foregoing, the stiffness K of the armature is related to the size of the armature. Under the same material, same width and thickness, the smaller the ratio of the short axis of the armature to the long axis of the armature, the smaller the stiffness K of the armature, thereby reducing the resonant frequency f of the armature. In this application, the ratio of the maximum length of the armature along the second direction to the maximum length of the armature along the first direction is 1:J, and the J is greater than or equal to 2, whichever is smaller. The stiffness K and the larger mass M, in this way, enable the armature to obtain a lower resonant frequency, thereby improving the low-frequency sound pressure performance of the speaker.

According to the first aspect or the first to tenth possible implementation manners of the first aspect, in an eleventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the speaker housing is on a projection plane perpendicular to the third direction The shape of the orthographic projection on the top is polygonal, which reduces the occupied space of the speaker housing and is beneficial to the miniaturization of the speaker. Wearing comfort.

According to the first aspect or the first to eleventh possible implementations of the first aspect, in a twelfth possible implementation of the first aspect, the length of the speaker housing along the second direction is the same as the length along the first The ratio of the length in one direction is 1:Q, and the Q is greater than or equal to 2, so as to achieve adaptation with the armature and facilitate assembly.

In a second aspect, an electronic device includes a main casing, the above-mentioned speaker, and a processor, wherein the speaker and the processor are fixedly accommodated in the main casing, and an electromagnetic coil of the speaker is electrically connected to the processor , the use of full-frequency balanced armature-driven speakers in electronic equipment greatly improves the audio performance of electronic equipment.

According to the second aspect, in a first implementation manner of the second aspect, the electronic device is a wireless headset, and the electronic device further includes a wireless communication module and a power supply module, the power supply module The processor and the wireless communication module provide power, the wireless communication module is used to establish a wireless connection with other terminal devices to obtain audio signals, and the processor is used to control the armature movement that drives the speaker according to the audio signals, Thus, the diaphragm structure vibrates and emits sound. A wireless connection is established with other terminal equipment through the wireless communication module to realize audio playback, which is convenient for users to carry and use.

According to the second aspect or the first implementation manner of the second aspect, in a second implementation manner of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a microphone and an active noise reduction module, the microphone and the active noise reduction The modules are fixedly accommodated in the main casing, the microphone is used to collect noise, the active noise reduction module is used to generate a noise reduction signal according to the noise, and the noise reduction signal and the audio signal are sent to the the solenoid coil of the speaker.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

2a is a schematic plan view of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram when the electronic device is worn on the user's ear;

Fig. 3 is the terminal device provided by the embodiment of the application, a schematic interface diagram when performing service connection with the electronic device shown in Fig. 2a;

4 is a schematic diagram of another interface when the terminal device provided by the embodiment of the present application is used for performing a service connection with the electronic device shown in FIG. 2a;

5 is a schematic perspective view of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present application;

6 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker shown in FIG. 5 along line IV-IV;

FIG. 7 is a perspective exploded schematic view of the speaker shown in FIG. 5;

Fig. 8 is the top view of the loudspeaker shown in Fig. 5;

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the armature of the speaker shown in FIG. 6;

10a is a schematic plan view of an armature having a first armature portion and a second armature portion having the same width;

Figure 10b is a schematic plan view of the armature shown in Figure 9;

Fig. 11a is a schematic perspective view of a partial structure of the armature shown in Fig. 9;

11b is a perspective view of inserting the drive rod into the first connection hole of the armature;

Figure 11c is a schematic view of the drive rod and the first connection hole of the armature assembled together;

12 is a cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker shown in FIG. 5;

13 is a schematic plan view of a diaphragm structure;

14 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the loudspeaker when the diaphragm structure vibrates;

FIG. 15 is a schematic perspective view of an armature provided by another embodiment of the present application.

detailed description

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood that expressions such as "comprising" and "may include" that may be used in this application denote the presence of a disclosed function, operation, or element and do not limit one or more additional functions, Operations and Components. In this application, terms such as "comprising" and/or "having" may be interpreted to mean a particular characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but not to mean one or more other characteristics , number, operation, constituent elements, components or the presence or possibility of addition of their combinations are excluded.

Furthermore, in this application, the expression "and/or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed words. For example, the expression "A and/or B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

In this application, expressions including ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" may modify various elements. However, such elements are not limited by the above expression. For example, the above expressions do not limit the order and/or importance of the elements. The above expressions are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, the first user equipment and the second user equipment indicate different user equipments, although the first user equipment and the second user equipment are both user equipments. Similarly, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present application.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected to" other components, it should be understood that the component is not only directly connected or connected to the other component, but also another component may exist between the component and the other component . On the other hand, when components are referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to other components, it should be understood that there are no components between them.

A speaker driven by a Balanced Armature (BA) unit, also known as a moving iron speaker, includes a magnetic circuit system, a drive rod and a diaphragm. The magnetic circuit system has a movable armature, and the movable armature is connected with the diaphragm through a driving rod. When the electromagnetic coil of the magnetic circuit system inputs an audio signal, the electromagnetic coil generates an electromagnetic force, and the electromagnetic force generates an alternating current according to the polarity of the input audio signal. The alternating current drives the armature based on the frequency, which transmits the audio signal to the diaphragm, producing the sound. Moving iron speakers have the characteristics of low impedance and high sensitivity, and are widely used in hearing aids, earphones, headsets, etc. However, in some application scenarios, such as TWS earphones with active noise reduction, the moving iron speakers are required to have excellent low frequency performance, but the existing moving iron speakers are difficult to meet the requirements.

Based on this, please refer to FIG. 1 , the present application provides a speaker 100 capable of improving low-frequency performance, which is applied in an electronic device 300 . In this embodiment, the electronic device 300 is a TWS earphone. TWS headsets can be used in conjunction with other electronic devices such as mobile phones, laptops, watches, etc., to process audio services such as media, calls and other services of other terminal devices. For example, the audio service may include media services such as playing music, recording, and video files for the user, background music in games, and incoming call prompt sounds, and the like.

The electronic device 300 may further include at least one processor 301, at least one memory 302, a wireless communication module 303, an audio module 304, an input/output interface 305, a power supply module 306, and the like. Processor 301 may include one or more interfaces for interfacing with other components of electronic device 300 .

The memory 302 may be used to store program codes, such as program codes for charging the electronic device 300, for wirelessly pairing and connecting the electronic device 300 with other terminal devices, or for wireless communication between the electronic device 300 and other terminal devices.

The processor 301 may be configured to execute the above-mentioned application code, and call relevant modules to implement the functions of the electronic device 300 in the embodiments of the present application. For example, a charging function, a wireless communication function, an audio data playback function, and the like of the electronic device 300 are implemented. The processor 301 may include one or more processing units, and different processing units may be independent devices, or may be integrated into one or more processors 301 . The processor 301 may specifically be an integrated control chip, or may be composed of a circuit including various active and/or passive components, and the circuit is configured to perform the functions belonging to the processor 301 described in the embodiments of this application.

The wireless communication module 303 can be used to support the communication between the electronic device 300 and other electronic devices or earphone boxes, including Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), global navigation satellite system (GNSS), wireless local area networks (wireless local area networks, WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) network), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication technology (near field communication, NFC), infrared technology (infrared, IR) and other wireless communication data exchange. In some embodiments, the wireless communication module 303 may be a Bluetooth chip. The electronic device 300 may pair and establish a wireless connection between the Bluetooth chip and the Bluetooth chips of other electronic devices, so as to realize wireless communication between the electronic device 300 and other terminal devices through the wireless connection.

In addition, the wireless communication module 303 may further include an antenna, and the wireless communication module 303 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna, frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 301 . The wireless communication module 303 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 301, perform frequency modulation on it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna.

The audio module 304 can be used to manage audio, and enable the electronic device 300 to input and output audio signals. For example, the audio module 304 can acquire audio signals from the wireless communication module 303, or transmit the audio signals to the wireless communication module 303, so as to make calls, play music, enable/disable the voice assistant of the electronic device connected with the wireless headset, Receive/send the user's voice data and other functions. The audio module 304 includes the speaker 100 , a microphone 3043 (or called a microphone, a microphone), a microphone sound-receiving circuit matched with the microphone 3043 , and the like. The processor 301 is configured to control the speaker 100 to convert the audio signal into a sound signal and play it according to the audio signal. The microphone 3043 can be used to convert the sound signal into an audio signal.

The power supply module 306 can supply power to each module of the electronic device 300; support the electronic device 300 to receive charging input and the like. The power module 306 may include a power management unit (PMU) and a battery. Wherein, the power management unit may include a charging circuit, a voltage drop regulating circuit, a protection circuit, a power measuring circuit, and the like. The charging circuit can receive external charging input. The voltage drop adjustment circuit can transform the electrical signal input by the charging circuit and output it to the battery to complete charging the battery, and can also transform the electrical signal input from the battery and output it to other modules such as the audio module 304 and the wireless communication module 303 . Protection circuits can be used to prevent battery overcharge, overdischarge, short circuit or overcurrent. In some embodiments, the power module 306 may also include a wireless charging coil for wirelessly charging the electronic device 300 . In addition, the power management unit can also be used to monitor battery capacity, battery cycle times, battery health status (leakage, impedance) and other parameters.

A plurality of input/output interfaces 305 can be used to provide a wired connection between the electronic device 300 and the earphone box for charging or communication. In some embodiments, the input/output interface 305 may include a headphone electrical connector for conducting and transmitting electrical current. When the electronic device 300 is placed in the earphone box, the electronic device 300 can establish an electrical connection with the electrical connector in the earphone box through the earphone electrical connector (eg, the earphone electrical connector is in direct contact with the electrical connector in the earphone box). After the electrical connection is established, the earphone box can charge the battery in the electronic device 300 through the electrical current transfer function of the earphone electrical connector and the electrical connector in the earphone box. For example, the headphone electrical connector may be a pogo pin, a pogo pin, a shrapnel, a conductive block, a conductive patch, a conductive sheet, a pin, a plug, a contact pad, a jack or a socket, etc. The specific type is not limited.

In other embodiments, after the electrical connection is established, the electronic device 300 may also perform data communication with the earphone box, for example, may receive a pairing instruction from the earphone box.

When the electronic device 300 performs audio playback, the interference of noise may affect the output sound quality of the electronic device 300 and affect the user experience. The electronic device 300 further includes an active noise reduction module 307 for inputting a noise reduction signal to the speaker 100 to reduce noise interference. In an application scenario, the active noise reduction module 307 can generate a noise reduction signal according to the noise collected by the microphone 3043 . The noise reduction signal generated by the active noise reduction module 307 is input to the speaker 100 together with the audio signal. The noise reduction signal will eliminate noise through destructive interference, but will not affect the sound waves required in the audio signal, thereby improving the sound of the electronic device 300 quality, and improve the user experience. The active noise reduction module 307 is an active noise reduction chip, and the active noise reduction chip is provided with an active noise reduction circuit.

Additionally, the electronic device 300 may also include a sensor 308 . For example, sensor 308 may be a distance sensor or a proximity light sensor that may be used to determine whether electronic device 300 is being worn by a user. Exemplarily, the electronic device 300 may use a distance sensor to detect whether there is an object near the electronic device 300, so as to determine whether the electronic device 300 is worn by the user. When it is determined that the electronic device 300 is worn, the electronic device 300 may turn on the speaker 100 . In some embodiments, the electronic device 300 may further include a bone conduction sensor combined with a bone conduction earphone. Using the bone conduction sensor, the electronic device 300 can acquire the vibration signal of the vibrating bone mass of the voice part, analyze the voice signal, and realize the voice function.

For another example, the outer surface of the electronic device 300 may further include: a touch sensor for detecting the user's touch operation; a fingerprint sensor for detecting the user's fingerprint and identifying the user's identity; , adaptively adjust some parameters (such as volume); and some other sensors.

It can be understood that the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present application do not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 300 . It may have more or fewer components than shown in FIG. 1 , may combine two or more components, or may have a different configuration of components. For example, the outer surface of the electronic device 300 may also include buttons, indicator lights (which can indicate the status of power, incoming/outgoing calls, pairing mode, etc.), a display screen (which can prompt the user for relevant information), and a dust filter (which can be used in conjunction with the earpiece). ) and other components. The key may be a physical key or a touch key (used in conjunction with a touch sensor), etc., and is used to trigger operations such as power-on, power-off, pause, play, recording, start charging, and stop charging.

1 illustrates that the various components of electronic device 300 may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software, including one or more signal processing or application specific integrated circuits.

Referring to FIG. 2a, the electronic device 300 further includes a main casing 309, and the main casing 309 includes a first installation portion 3091 and a second installation portion 3093 that are fixedly connected. The first installation part 3091 has a first cavity 3095 , and the speaker 100 is fixedly accommodated in the first cavity 3095 . In this embodiment, the electronic device 300 is an in-ear earphone. The human ear space is small, for example, the diameter of the adult ear canal does not exceed 7mm. Therefore, the first installation part 3091 needs to be as small as possible to facilitate the insertion of the electronic device 300 into the user's ear canal and improve the comfort of the user wearing the electronic device 300. The maximum inner diameter of a cavity 3095 is not greater than 3 mm, so as to reduce the outer diameter of the first installation portion 3091 as much as possible, so as to facilitate the insertion of the first installation portion 3091 into the user's ear canal. The second installation part 3093 has a second cavity 3097, and components such as the processor 301, the memory 302, the wireless communication module 303, the audio module 304, and the power module 306 are fixedly accommodated in the second cavity 3097. FIG. 2a is only exemplary. A wireless communication module, processor and power management module are shown. Referring to FIG. 2b, exemplarily, the electronic device 300 is worn on the user's ear 20a, wherein the speaker 100 is located in the ear canal 20b. The electronic device 300 has the advantages of extremely small size and extremely high low frequency performance, which enables the TWS earphone to have product advantages such as miniaturization, comfortable wearing, good sound quality, long battery life, and good ANC effect.

It can be understood that the electronic device 300 is not limited to a wireless earphone, but can also be other terminals with speakers, such as hearing aids, smart phones, smart watches, tablet computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), notebook computers, etc. , the structure of the main casing 309 is not limited.

The following is a brief description of establishing a service connection between the electronic device 300 and another electronic device.

In some application scenarios, the terminal device 400 that establishes a service connection with the electronic device 300 is a terminal such as a smartphone. Referring to FIG. 3 , in the setting interface of the terminal device 400, select the “Bluetooth” setting interface. When the terminal device 400 receives an instruction corresponding to the user operating the Bluetooth turn-on option, the terminal device 400 turns on the Bluetooth function, which can discover nearby pairable devices. Bluetooth devices, and display the scanned Bluetooth devices in the "Available Devices" list. Exemplarily, FIG. 3 illustrates a situation where the terminal device 400 scans the available electronic device 300 . When the terminal device 400 detects that the user clicks "electronic device 300" in the "available devices" list, the terminal device 400 is paired with the electronic device 300, and if the pairing is successful, the "electronic device 300" is displayed in the "paired devices" , see Figure 4. When the terminal device 400 detects that the user clicks the electronic device 300 in the "paired devices" list, the terminal device 400 will establish a service connection with the electronic device 300 . If the service connection is established successfully, audio data can be transmitted between the terminal device 400 and the electronic device 300 .

In some scenarios, if the terminal device 400 has established a business connection with the electronic device 300 before, it will be displayed in the "paired device" list.

Referring to FIGS. 5 , 6 and 7 , the speaker 100 includes a speaker housing 10 , a magnetic circuit system 30 , a diaphragm structure 50 and a driving rod 60 . The diaphragm structure 50 is fixedly accommodated in the speaker housing 10 and divides the inner cavity of the speaker housing 10 into a first cavity 101 and a second cavity 103 for vibrating to generate sound. A sound outlet hole 1011 is formed through the side wall of the first cavity 101 for outputting sound. The magnetic circuit system 30 is accommodated in the second cavity 103 for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. The diaphragm structure 50 and the magnetic circuit system 30 are stacked along the Z direction, and the driving rod 60 is connected between the diaphragm structure 50 and the magnetic circuit system 30 . Driven by the magnetic circuit system 30, the driving rod 60 drives the diaphragm structure 50 to vibrate to generate sound. The sound is output from the sound outlet 1011 .

It should be noted that in this application, the X direction is the first direction, the Y direction is the second direction, and the Z direction is the third direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other, and the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other , the first direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

The speaker housing 10 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The speaker housing 10 has a chamfered corner 105, so that the orthographic projection of the speaker housing 10 on the projection plane perpendicular to the Z direction is a polygon. Since the speaker housing 10 is provided with a chamfer 105, the length of the speaker housing 10 in the diagonal direction is reduced, thereby reducing the occupied space of the speaker housing 10, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the speaker housing 10 and the convenience of the speaker 100. Insert the first cavity 3095 with an inner diameter of not more than 3mm (as shown in Figure 2a), and the minimum diameter of the speaker shell model of the world's smallest single full-range balanced armature driver unit is also 3.7mm, which effectively improves the Wearing comfort of the electronic device 300 . It can be understood that the orthographic projection of the speaker housing 10 on the projection plane in the vertical Z direction may be a five to ten-sided polygon. A definition, such as a circle, an ellipse, or an irregular polygon.

Referring to FIG. 8 , in this embodiment, the length of the speaker housing 10 along the Y direction is called the short axis of the speaker housing 10 , the length of the speaker housing 10 along the X direction is called the long axis, and the speaker housing 10 is called the long axis. The ratio of the short axis of the body 10 to the long axis of the speaker housing 10 is 1:Q. In other words, for the orthographic projection of the speaker housing 10 on the projection plane perpendicular to the Z direction, the ratio of the length along the Y direction to the length along the X direction is 1:Q, where Q is greater than or equal to 2. In this embodiment, Q is 2.5.

In this embodiment, the speaker housing 10 includes a first housing 11 and a second housing 13 that are fixedly connected together, so as to facilitate the assembly of the diaphragm structure 50 , the magnetic circuit system 30 and the driving rod 60 in the speaker housing 10 . The diaphragm structure 50 is fixed on the inner wall of the first casing 11 , and the sound outlet hole 1011 penetrates through the inner wall and the outer wall of the first casing 11 . The magnetic circuit system 30 extends from the inner cavity of the second casing 13 to the inner cavity of the first casing 11 . It can be understood that the speaker housing 10 is not limited to include the first housing 11 and the second housing 13 , and the speaker housing 10 may also be integrally provided or composed of multiple sub-shells.

The magnetic circuit system 30 includes a permanent magnet component 31 , an electromagnetic coil 33 and an armature 35 . The permanent magnet components 31 and the electromagnetic coils 33 are both fixed on the inner wall of the second housing 13 , and the permanent magnet components 31 and the electromagnetic coils 33 are arranged along the X direction. The permanent magnet member 31 is used to generate a fixed magnetic field. The fixed magnetic field is a magnetic field whose intensity and direction remain unchanged. The electromagnetic coil 33 is used to generate an alternating magnetic field after an audio signal is input. The audio signal is an alternating current signal, and the alternating magnetic field is a magnetic field whose direction changes alternately according to the polarity of the input audio signal. Optionally, the audio signal is a sinusoidal alternating current signal, which is not limited here. The armature 35 passes through the electromagnetic coil 33 and the permanent magnet member 31 , and the driving rod 60 is fixedly connected between the diaphragm structure 50 and the armature 35 . The armature 35 can be magnetized by the alternating magnetic field, and moves due to the interaction with the fixed magnetic field, thereby driving the diaphragm structure 50 to vibrate and produce sound.

More specifically, the permanent magnet component 31 includes a magnetic core 311 , a first magnetic member 313 and a second magnetic member 315 . The magnetic core 311 is fixed on the inner wall of the second casing 13 for generating a magnetic flux path. The first magnetic element 313 and the second magnetic element 315 are fixedly accommodated in the magnetic core 311 to generate a fixed magnetic field. The first magnetic member 313 and the second magnetic member 315 are spaced apart along the Z direction. In this embodiment, the first magnetic member 313 and the second magnetic member 315 are both substantially plate bodies, and the lengths of the first magnetic member 313 and the second magnetic member 315 are substantially the same as the length of the magnetic core 311 ; The material of the magnetic member 313 and the second magnetic member 315 is AlNiCo (AlNiCo). It can be understood that the number of magnetic parts in the permanent magnet part 31 is not limited, for example, the number of the first magnetic parts 313 can be two; The lengths may be different; the material for the first magnetic member 313 and the second magnetic member 315 is not limited, for example, it may be rubidium iron boron (NdFeB), strontium magnet or barium ferrite magnet and so on.

The armature 35 is adapted to the speaker housing 10 . The maximum length of the armature 35 along the Y direction is called the short axis of the armature, the maximum length of the armature 35 along the X direction is called the long axis of the armature, and the ratio of the short axis of the armature 35 to the long axis of the armature 35 is 1:J, where J is greater than or equal to 2. In this embodiment, the value of Q is 2.5, and the value of J is 2.5, that is, the ratio of the short axis of the armature 35 to the long axis of the armature 35 is 1:2.5.

The resonance frequency of the diaphragm structure 50 depends on the resonance frequency f of the armature 35 , and the lower the resonance frequency of the armature 35 is, the lower the resonance frequency of the diaphragm structure 50 is. The resonant frequency f can be obtained by formula (1):

Among them, K is the stiffness of the armature, and M is the mass of the armature. The stiffness K can be obtained by formula (2):

Among them, E is Young's modulus, b is the width of the armature, h is the thickness of the armature, and L is the length of the armature. The width of the armature corresponds to the short axis of the armature, and the length of the armature corresponds to the length of the armature. Therefore, in the case of the same material and the same thickness, the smaller the ratio of the short axis of the armature 35 to the long axis of the armature 35 is, the smaller the stiffness K of the armature 35 is.

With the material of the armature unchanged, by reducing the ratio between the short axis of the armature and the long axis of the armature, a larger armature mass is obtained, for example, compared to that used in a conventional balanced armature For the ratio of the short axis to the long axis of 1:1.67, the mass of the armature 35 of the present application is greater. In this way, the speaker 100 can obtain a lower resonance frequency, thereby improving the low frequency performance of the speaker 100 .

To sum up the above two points, the armature mass M of the armature 35 with the ratio of the short axis to the long axis of 1:2.5 is larger than the traditional armature mass M of 1:1.67, and the stiffness K is smaller, so the resonance frequency f is lower .

It can be understood that the ratio of the length of the speaker housing 10 along the Y direction to the length along the X direction is 1:Q, and the Q is greater than 2, and the ratio of the short axis of the armature 35 to the long axis of the armature 35 is 1 : J, the J is greater than 2, and the armature 35 can be fixedly accommodated in the speaker housing 10 .

The armature 35 is made of soft magnetic material. Please refer to FIG. 9 . The armature 35 includes a fixing portion 350 , a first armature portion 351 and a second armature portion 352 . The fixing portion 350 is located outside the electromagnetic coil 33 and the magnetic core 311 . The fixing portion 350 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the magnetic core 311 for fixing the armature 35 on the magnetic core 311 . One end of the first armature part 351 is fixedly connected to the fixing part 350 , and the other end of the first armature part 351 is fixedly connected to the second armature part 352 . It can be understood that in other embodiments, the first armature part 351 and the second armature part 352 can also be movably connected. The extending direction of the first armature portion 351 toward the second armature portion 352 is the X direction. The first armature portion 351 is accommodated in the electromagnetic coil 33 and located outside the magnetic core 311 . The second armature part 352 is located between the first magnetic part 313 and the second magnetic part 315 , and the first magnetic part 313 , the second armature part 352 and the second magnetic part 314 are arranged in sequence along the Z direction. One end of the second armature portion 352 away from the first armature portion 351 is exposed to the magnetic core 311 and is fixedly connected to the diaphragm structure 50 through the driving rod 60 .

When the electromagnetic coil 33 inputs an audio signal, the electromagnetic coil 33 generates an electromagnetic force, and the electromagnetic force generates an alternating current according to the polarity of the input audio signal, thereby generating an alternating magnetic field. Both the first armature part 351 and the second armature part 352 are magnetized by the alternating magnetic field and the fixed magnetic field, and the magnetization direction changes with the change of the magnetic field direction of the alternating magnetic field. After the second armature portion 352 is magnetized, it will deflect under the action of the fixed magnetic field formed between the first magnetic member 313 and the second magnetic member 315 , and reciprocate in the Z direction according to the alternation of the magnetization direction. , thereby driving the driving rod 60 and the diaphragm structure 50 to move.

After the armature is magnetized, it is subjected to the action of a fixed magnetic field, which in turn drives the vibration of the diaphragm structure to generate sound pressure. Let the action force of the fixed magnetic field acting on the armature be the driving force F, and the driving force F is the magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet components received by the armature. The low frequency output sound pressure level of the loudspeaker is proportional to the driving force F, therefore, an increase in the driving force F can increase the low frequency output sound pressure level (SPL) of the loudspeaker. Among them, the driving force F can be obtained according to formula (3):

F=Bl×I, formula (3)

Among them, Bl is the magneto-electric conversion factor, and I is the current input in the electromagnetic coil. In this way, increasing the magneto-electrical conversion factor B1 can increase the low-frequency output sound pressure level. The magneto-electric conversion factor B1 is related to the magnetic flux of the fixed magnetic field received by the armature. When the magnetic flux of the fixed magnetic field passing through the armature is increased, the magneto-electric conversion factor B1 can be effectively improved. Increasing the magnetic effective area of the armature in the fixed magnetic field can increase the magnetic flux received by the armature, thereby increasing the magneto-electrical conversion factor Bl, and finally increasing the driving force F to increase the low-frequency output sound pressure level of the speaker. In other words, the driving force F that the armature can receive is proportional to the magnetic effective area of the armature placed in the magnetic field.

In this embodiment, in the Y direction, the width of the first armature portion 351 is smaller than the width of the second armature portion 352 . Regardless of other factors such as materials, compared with the armature 35a having the first armature portion 351a and the second armature portion 352a having the same width (as shown in FIG. 10a ), the width of the first armature portion 351 is smaller than that of the first armature portion 351 Two armature parts 352 (as shown in FIG. 10b ), increase the magnetic effective area of the second armature part 352 of the armature 35 and the magnetic parts (the first magnetic part 313 and the second magnetic part 315 ), that is, in FIG. 10b The area of the second armature part 352 marked by B is larger than the area of the second armature part 352a marked by A in FIG. 10a, so that the armature 35 can generate more power to the permanent magnet member 31, that is, the driving force is improved. force F, thereby increasing the output sound pressure level of the speaker in the low frequency range. In addition, since the area of the second armature portion 352 is increased, the mass M of the armature 35 is also increased, so that the resonant frequency f of the armature 35 can be shifted to a low frequency band. For example, compared to the 1.65 mm ² area of the second armature portion 352 a of the armature 35 a having a diameter of approximately 3.7 mm, the area of the second armature portion 352 in this embodiment is approximately 1.92 mm ² , and the ANC performance can be achieved. 120dB@20Hz.

In this embodiment, the width of the connection between the second armature portion 352 and the first armature portion 351 increases from the first armature portion 351 toward the second armature portion 352 , which is beneficial to improve the structural stability of the armature 35 . sex. It should be understood that the connection between the second armature part 352 and the first armature part 351 refers to the connection part or the connection area between the second armature part 352 and the first armature part 351 . It can be understood that the width of the connection between the second armature portion 352 and the first armature portion 351 is not limited, and the width increases from the first armature portion 351 to the second armature portion 352 . The two armature parts 352 may also be arranged in steps.

In addition, the armature is made of soft magnetic material, which is appropriately heat-treated to form optimal magnetic domains. To facilitate the description of the magnetic domain polarity of the armature, it is assumed that there are multiple magnetic needles inside the soft magnetic material of the prefabricated armature. In heat treatment, the control of heating temperature and time will also affect the magnetic properties of the armature. If the heating temperature and time are controlled accurately, the magnetic needles in the armature may all point in the same direction. However, in general, even in the optimal magnetic domain state of the armature, the south (or north) orientation of the plurality of magnetic needles is disordered. However, when the armature is in the optimal magnetic domain state, if it is affected by an external magnetic field (such as a fixed magnetic field and/or an alternating magnetic field), the south poles (or north poles) of the plurality of magnetic needles face approximately the same direction, that is, the armature is oriented in the same direction. magnetization. After the armature is magnetized, it becomes magnetic. However, the magnetic induction intensity inside the armature has a saturation value. After reaching the saturation value, even if the external magnetic field increases again, the magnetism of the armature will not continue to increase. The saturation value affects the maximum value of the driving force F that the armature can receive in the fixed magnetic field. When the saturation value of the soft magnetic material selected is higher, the maximum value of the driving force F that the armature can receive in the fixed magnetic field is higher. The driving force F, which is determined by the magnetic domain polarity, depends on the surface area and volume of the armature. Therefore, enlarging the magnetic effective area of the armature can achieve the effect of increasing the saturation point of the magnetic induction intensity.

It can be seen from the foregoing that the resonant frequency of the armature (refer to formulas (1)-(2)) is related to the length, width and height of the armature. The longer the length L, the wider the width b, and/or the greater the thickness h. Smaller, the smaller the stiffness K of the armature. Therefore, increasing the width of the second armature portion 352 penetrating between the first magnetic member 313 and the second magnetic member 315 can reduce the stiffness K of the armature 35 on the one hand, and increase the mass of the armature 35 on the other hand. M, both have a positive effect on reducing the resonant frequency f of the armature 35 . By reducing the resonant frequency f of the armature 35 , the low frequency response of the armature 35 is expanded, and the low frequency performance of the speaker 100 is improved.

The structure design of the armature is the result of comprehensive consideration of at least the following three factors.

First, due to the volume limitation of the speaker housing, and the speaker housing needs to reserve installation space for components other than the armature, for example, the magnetic core needs to retain a certain thickness to avoid magnetic saturation due to the thin core. This affects the sound pressure output of the speaker. Therefore, considering the influence on the design of the magnetic circuit, the size of the armature part (referred to as the front end of the armature) through which the permanent magnet components are passed cannot be infinitely widened.

In the second aspect, the low-frequency sound pressure level output of the speaker is proportional to the magnetomotive force of the electromagnetic coil. The magnetomotive force of the electrified electromagnetic coil Mf=N×I, where N is the number of turns of the electromagnetic coil, and I is the current passed into the electromagnetic coil. The more turns N, the greater the magnetomotive force that the electromagnetic coil can generate. To maximize the number of turns of the electromagnetic coil, the inner diameter space of the electromagnetic coil must be reduced, so that the width of the rear end of the armature is limited. Considering the size limitation of the inner diameter of the electromagnetic coil, the armature part through which the electromagnetic coil (referred to as the front end of the armature) is not as wide as the rear end where the armature penetrates the permanent magnet part, so that the maximum size in the ultra-small speaker housing volume is Maximize the sound pressure output of the speakers.

Thirdly, the armature mass M also cannot increase indefinitely, because the armature mass M=ρ×V, where ρ is the density of the material and V is the volume of the armature. The material is generally selected according to the magnetic permeability, and the density ρ is determined after the material is selected. In this way, to increase the armature mass M, only the volume V can be increased. Due to the limitation of the size of the speaker housing, the volume V of the armature cannot be increased indefinitely. This needs to comprehensively consider the impact of increasing the volume V of the armature. For example, increasing the thickness h of the armature will increase the mass M of the armature, but another On the one hand, the increase of the armature thickness h will also lead to the increase of the armature stiffness K, which will lead to the increase of the resonant frequency f, which will ultimately affect the low frequency performance of the speaker system.

To sum up, the design of the magnetic core, the first magnetic part, the second magnetic part, the electromagnetic coil, the front end of the armature and the rear end of the armature is a design result of comprehensive consideration.

Referring to FIG. 9 again, the fixing portion 350 includes a reinforcing arm 353 , a first side bridge 354 and a second side bridge 355 . The reinforcing arm 353 is fixed on the end of the first armature part 351 away from the second armature part 352 and is located between the diaphragm structure 50 and the electromagnetic coil 33 for strengthening the strength of the armature 35 . One end of the first armature part 351 away from the second armature part 352 , the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 are fixedly connected to the reinforcing arm 353 , and the first armature part 351 is located between the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 353 . Between the side bridges 355 , the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 are disposed opposite to each other. The first side bridge 354 is spaced from the first armature portion 351 to form a slot, and the second side bridge 355 is spaced from the first armature portion 351 to form a slot. The first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 are both located outside the magnetic core 311 and are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the magnetic core 311 , so that the armature 35 is fixed on the magnetic core 311 . In this embodiment, the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 of the armature 35 are fixed on the reinforcing arm 353 on the outer wall of the magnetic core 311 through a glue. It can be understood that the fixing manner between the side bridges (the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 ) and the magnetic core 311 is not limited, for example, it may be a snap connection or the like. The electromagnetic coil 33 is surrounded by the reinforcing arm 353 , the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 , which improves the support strength of the armature 33 and is beneficial to improve the assembly stability of the electromagnetic coil 33 of the armature 35 and the permanent magnet component 31 sex. It can be understood that the reinforcement arm 353 , the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 35 can be omitted, and the end of the first armature part 351 of the armature 35 away from the second armature part 352 and the inner wall or The electromagnetic coils 33 are fixed together.

More specifically, the reinforcing arm 353 includes a first reinforcing portion 3531 and a second reinforcing portion 3533 that are fixedly connected, and the first side bridge 354 is fixedly connected to the first reinforcing portion 3531 and the second side bridge 355 is fixedly connected to the first reinforcing portion 3531 . The first reinforcement part 3531 is arranged opposite to the first armature part 351, that is, the first reinforcement part 3531, the second reinforcement part 3533, the first armature part 351 and the second armature part 353 are connected in a U-shaped structure, increasing the electric power. The area of the armature 35 surrounding the electromagnetic coil 33 further improves the assembly stability of the armature 35 and the electromagnetic coil 33 . An end of the second reinforcement portion 3533 away from the first reinforcement portion 3531 is fixedly connected to an end of the first armature portion 351 away from the second armature portion 352 . The second reinforcing portion 3533 has a curved structure to reduce the stress during manufacture.

Both the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 include a bridge body 3541 and a connecting portion 3543 that are fixedly connected. The edge of one end of the second reinforcing portion 3533 is bent and extended toward the same side away from the diaphragm structure 50 , the bridge body 3541 is fixedly connected with the magnetic core 311 , the bridge body 3541 of the first side bridge 354 and the bridge body of the second side bridge 355 The 3541 and the first armature portion 351 extend along the X direction, so that the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 are curved structures, which enhances the structural stability of the armature 35 .

The second armature portion 352 is located between the first magnetic member 313 and the second magnetic member 315 , and the armature 35 is fixed to the magnetic core 311 through the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 . When the armature 35 is driven to vibrate The vibration displacement of each region is different, and the end of the second armature part 352 away from the first armature part 351 is the maximum displacement region of the vibration of the armature 35 .

Please refer to FIG. 6 , FIG. 9 and FIG. 11 a , the end of the second armature portion 352 facing away from the first armature portion 351 further defines a first connecting hole 3521 for positioning and fixing the driving rod 60 . The end of the driving rod 60 away from the diaphragm structure 50 is fixed in the first connecting hole 3521 by colloid, which is beneficial to improve the stability and efficiency of the assembly of the armature 35 and the driving rod 60 . In this embodiment, when the driving rod 60 needs to be assembled to the second armature part 352, please refer to FIG. 11b. After one end of the driving rod 60 passes through the first connecting hole 3521, spray dispensing is used, and then ultraviolet light is irradiated. 11c, after the immobilization is completed, the driving rod 60 is fixed to the first connecting hole 3521, so that the easy assembly of the driving rod 60 and the first connecting hole 3521 is realized. Bar welding is easier and more convenient. It can be understood that FIGS. 11a-11c are only exemplary, and the fixed connection method of the armature 35 and the driving rod 60 is not limited, and the armature 35 and the driving rod 60 can also be connected in other ways, such as snap connection, screw connection Pick up and wait.

Please refer to FIGS. 6 and 7 again in conjunction with FIG. 12 , the diaphragm structure 50 includes a fixing ring 51 , a vibrating membrane 53 and a sheet body 55 . The fixing ring 51 is fixed on the inner wall of the first casing 11 of the speaker casing 10 , and is The vibration film 53 is fixed on the first casing 11 . The vibrating membrane 53 is fixedly connected to the fixing ring 51 for vibrating to generate sound pressure. The sheet body 55 is fixedly covered on the side of the vibrating membrane 53 away from the armature 35 (including the first armature part 351 and the second armature part 352 ), so as to enhance the rigidity of the vibrating membrane structure 50 . One end of the driving rod 60 away from the second armature portion 352 of the armature 35 is penetrated through the vibrating membrane 53 and fixedly connected to the sheet body 55 . Driven by the driving rod 60, the sheet body 55 and the vibrating film 53 can vibrate. In this embodiment, the sheet body 55 is made of a metal material, such as an aluminum sheet. It can be understood that the sheet body 55 can be made of other materials, for example, non-metallic materials, which can enhance the rigidity and strength of the diaphragm structure 50 .

Since the vibrating membrane 53 is fixed on the inner wall of the first housing 11 through the fixing ring 51, and the sheet body 55 is fixed on the vibrating membrane 53, when the sheet body 55 is driven to vibrate by the driving rod 60, the vibration displacement of the sheet body 55 in different regions is not constant. same. The sheet body 55 has a maximum displacement area, and the maximum displacement area of the sheet body 55 is the area where the vibration displacement when the sheet body 55 vibrates is located within the maximum displacement range, and the maximum value in the maximum displacement range is the maximum vibration when the sheet body 55 vibrates. displacement. The maximum displacement area of the sheet body 55 is provided with a concave hole 5513 (as shown in FIG. 13 ). The concave hole 5513 is recessed from the edge of the sheet body 55 toward the interior of the sheet body 55, so that the sheet body 55 forms a frog web structure in the maximum displacement area. It is beneficial for the sheet body 55 to overcome the resistance in the air and generate air sound pressure, thereby improving the propulsive force of the movement of the diaphragm structure 50 and helping to achieve higher sound pressure. The region where the sheet body 55 is connected to the driving rod 60 is the maximum displacement region of the vibration of the sheet body 55 .

In this embodiment, the edge of the concave hole 5513 is an arc-shaped edge, that is, the concave hole 5513 is an arc-shaped hole, so that the edge contour of the frog web structure is smooth, which is further conducive to overcoming the resistance in the air and helps the speaker to achieve higher performance. Sound pressure.

More specifically, the sheet body 55 includes a first end portion 551 and a second end portion 553 disposed opposite to each other. Compared with the second end portion 553 , the first end portion 551 is disposed closer to the sound outlet 1011 . The vibrating membrane 53 is provided with a second connection hole 531 (as shown in FIG. 7 ), the first end 551 is provided with a third connection hole 5511 (as shown in FIG. 7 ), and the third connection hole 5511 corresponds to the second connection hole 531 settings. One end of the driving rod 60 away from the armature 35 is fixed in the second connection hole 531 and the third connection hole 5511 . The first end 551 where the third connection hole 5511 is located can be regarded as the maximum displacement area of the sheet body 55 . In this embodiment, the concave holes 5513 are recessed from the edge of the first end portion 551 toward the inside of the sheet body 55 ; the number of the concave holes 5513 is two. It can be understood that the number of the concave holes 5513 is not limited, and the number of the concave holes 5513 may be one, three or more.

Along the Z direction, the sheet body 55 vibrates under the driving of the driving rod 60 , please refer to FIG. 14 , the first end 551 of the sheet body 55 is the maximum displacement area of the sheet body 55 . Having the concave holes 5513 to form a frog web structure is beneficial for the first end 551 to overcome the resistance in the air and generate air sound pressure, thereby improving the propulsive force of the diaphragm structure 50 to move and helping to achieve higher sound pressure.

In this embodiment, when assembling the diaphragm structure 50, glue is pre-coated on the fixed ring 51, and then the diaphragm 53 is covered with the fixed ring 51 so that the diaphragm 53 is fixedly connected to the fixed ring 51; One side is coated with glue, and the sheet body 55 is covered on the vibrating film 53; along the lamination direction of the sheet body 55 and the vibrating film 53, the sheet body 55, the vibrating film 53 and the fixing ring 51 are pressed together by a hot pressing die , assembled into the final diaphragm structure 50 . It can be understood that the above assembly steps of the diaphragm structure 50 are exemplary, and are not intended to limit the present application.

Referring again to FIGS. 6 and 7 , the speaker 100 further includes a mesh air damper 80 . The mesh air damper 80 is sandwiched between the second reinforcement portion 3533 of the armature 35 and the inner wall of the second housing 13 to dampen the armature 35 and the diaphragm structure 50 and reduce the noise of the speaker 100 . Thus, the sound quality of the speaker 100 is improved.

A through hole 131 is formed on one end of the second housing 13 away from the second armature portion 352 , and the speaker 100 further includes a terminal 80 disposed outside the speaker housing 10 . The terminals 80 are electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil 33 through wires (not shown) passing through the through holes 131 to transmit audio signals to the electromagnetic coil 33 . When an audio signal is input to the terminal 80, the electromagnetic coil 33 generates an electromagnetic force, and the electromagnetic force generates an alternating current according to the polarity of the input audio signal, thereby generating an alternating magnetic field. The alternating current drives the armature 35 based on the frequency, thereby driving the diaphragm structure 50 to vibrate and generate sound. This results in a difference between the sound pressure energy generated during the effective conversion of the signal and the driving force transmitted to the diaphragm. This sound pressure energy is transmitted outward through the sound outlet 1011 to generate sound.

It can be understood that the structure of the armature 35 is not limited. For example, referring to FIG. 15 , the armature 35 may also be roughly E-shaped, and the armature 35 includes a first armature portion 351 , a second armature portion 352 , and a reinforcing arm. 353, the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355, the first armature part 351 is fixedly connected with the second armature part 352, the first armature part 351 is passed through the electromagnetic coil, and the second armature part 352 is passed through Disposed between the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member of the permanent magnet component, the end of the first armature portion 351 facing away from the second armature portion 352 , the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 are all connected to the reinforcing arm 353 Fixedly connected and spaced apart, the first armature portion 351 is located between the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 , and the reinforcing arm 353 , the first side bridge 354 and the second side bridge 355 are all located outside the electromagnetic coil.

In one embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2 a again, the electronic device 300 includes a main casing 309 , a processor 301 and a speaker 100 . The speaker 100 and the processor 301 are fixedly accommodated in the main casing 309. The processor 301 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil of the speaker 100, and the processor 301 is used to control the speaker 100 to convert audio signals into sounds.

The electronic device 300 further includes a power module 306 and a wireless communication module 303 . The wireless communication module 303 and the power module 306 are fixedly accommodated in the main casing 309 , and the power module 306 is used to provide power to the speaker 100 , the processor 301 and the wireless communication module 303 . , the wireless communication module 303 is used to establish a wireless connection with other terminal devices to obtain audio signals. The processor 301 controls the armature movement of the speaker 100 according to the audio signals, so that the diaphragm structure of the speaker 100 vibrates and emits sound.

The terminal device 400 further includes a microphone 3043 and an active noise reduction module 307. Both the microphone 3043 and the active noise reduction module 306 are fixedly accommodated in the main casing 309. The microphone 3043 is used to collect noise, and the active noise reduction module 307 is used to generate noise reduction according to the noise. The noise signal is sent to the electromagnetic coil of the speaker 100 . The noise reduction signal generated by the active noise reduction module 307 is input to the speaker 100 together with the audio signal, the noise reduction signal will eliminate noise through destructive interference, but will not affect the sound waves required in the audio signal, thereby improving the sound of the terminal device 400 quality, and improve the user experience.

The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. should be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A loudspeaker is characterized by comprising a loudspeaker casing, a magnetic circuit system, a diaphragm structure and a driving rod, wherein the magnetic circuit system, the diaphragm structure and the driving rod are all accommodated in the loudspeaker casing, and the The magnetic circuit system includes a permanent magnet component, an electromagnetic coil and an armature, the permanent magnetic component is used to generate a fixed magnetic field, the electromagnetic coil is used to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the armature includes a connected first armature part and an armature. The second armature part, the direction in which the first armature part extends toward the second armature part is the first direction, the first armature part is accommodated in the electromagnetic coil, and the second armature part The width of the first armature portion along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction is smaller than the width of the second armature portion along the second direction, and the The diaphragm structure is fixed on the inner wall of the speaker housing and is stacked with the electromagnetic coil along a third direction. The first direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other, and the second direction is perpendicular to the third direction. The directions are perpendicular to each other, and the driving rod is fixedly connected between the diaphragm structure and the second armature part to drive the armature when the armature is magnetized by the fixed magnetic field and the alternating magnetic field The diaphragm structure vibrates to produce sound.
The loudspeaker according to claim 1, wherein the width of the connection between the second armature part and the first armature part is the width from the first armature part to the second armature part direction increases.
The loudspeaker according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the armature further comprises a reinforcing arm, a first side bridge and a second side bridge, the first armature part is away from the second armature part One end, the first side bridge and the second side bridge are all fixedly connected to the reinforcing arm and arranged at intervals, and the second armature part is located between the first side bridge and the second side bridge , the reinforcing arm, the first side bridge and the second side bridge are all located outside the electromagnetic coil, and the first side bridge and the second side bridge are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the permanent magnet component .
The loudspeaker according to claim 3, wherein the reinforcement arm comprises a first reinforcement part and a second reinforcement part that are fixedly connected, the first side bridge is fixedly connected to the first reinforcement part, and the first reinforcement part is fixedly connected to the first reinforcement part. The two side bridges are fixedly connected with the first reinforcement part, the first side bridge and the second side bridge are arranged opposite to each other, and the first reinforcement part is located between the diaphragm structure and the electromagnetic coil, so An end of the second reinforcement part away from the first reinforcement part is fixedly connected with an end of the first armature part away from the second armature part, and the first reinforcement part is opposite to the first armature part set up.
The loudspeaker according to claim 4, wherein the first side bridge and the second side bridge both comprise a fixedly connected bridge body and a connecting portion, and the connecting portion is separated from the first reinforcing portion. The edge of one end of the second reinforcing portion is formed by bending and extending toward the side away from the diaphragm structure, the bridge body is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the permanent magnet component, and the bridge body is connected to the first armature portion. extend in the same direction.
The speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the permanent magnet component comprises a magnetic core, a first magnetic member and a second magnetic member, the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member It is fixedly accommodated in the magnetic core, and the first magnetic piece, the second armature part, and the second magnetic piece are sequentially arranged along the third direction.
The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a first connecting hole is provided at one end of the second armature part away from the first armature part, and the driving rod is connected to the first connecting hole. A connection hole is fixedly connected by colloid.
The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the diaphragm structure comprises a fixing ring, a sheet body and a vibrating film, the fixing ring is fixed on the inner wall of the loudspeaker housing, and the The vibrating membrane is fixed on the fixing ring, the sheet body is fixed on the side of the vibrating membrane away from the armature, and the end of the driving rod away from the second armature part is fixedly connected with the sheet body , the armature drives the sheet body and the vibrating film to vibrate.
The loudspeaker according to claim 8, wherein the sheet body has a maximum displacement area, and the maximum displacement area is an area where the vibration displacement of the sheet body is within the maximum displacement range, wherein the maximum displacement area is within the maximum displacement range. The maximum value in the displacement range is the maximum vibration displacement of the sheet body when it vibrates. The maximum displacement area of the sheet body is provided with a concave hole, and the concave hole is recessed from the edge of the sheet body toward the interior of the sheet body. .
The loudspeaker according to claim 9, wherein the edge of the recessed hole is an arc-shaped edge.
The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the ratio of the maximum width of the armature along the second direction to the maximum length of the armature along the first direction is 1: J, which is greater than or equal to 2.
The speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the shape of the orthographic projection of the speaker housing on the projection plane perpendicular to the third direction is a polygon.
The speaker according to claim 12, wherein the ratio of the length of the speaker housing along the second direction to the length along the first direction is 1:Q, and the Q is greater than or equal to 2.
An electronic device, characterized in that it comprises a main casing, the speaker and the processor according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the speaker and the processor are fixedly accommodated in the main casing, and the The electromagnetic coil of the speaker is electrically connected to the processor.
The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that, the electronic device further comprises a wireless communication module and a power supply module, the power supply module is configured to provide power to the speaker, the processor and the wireless communication module , the wireless communication module is configured to establish a wireless connection with other terminal devices to obtain audio signals, and the processor is configured to control the armature movement that drives the speaker according to the audio signals.
The electronic device according to claim 15, wherein the electronic device further comprises a microphone and an active noise reduction module, the microphone and the active noise reduction module are both fixedly accommodated in the main casing, the microphone For collecting noise, the active noise reduction module is configured to generate a noise reduction signal according to the noise, and the noise reduction signal and the audio signal are sent to the electromagnetic coil of the speaker.