WO2022019532A1 - Appareil et procédé de mesure de capacité de cellule de batterie - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé de mesure de capacité de cellule de batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022019532A1
WO2022019532A1 PCT/KR2021/008617 KR2021008617W WO2022019532A1 WO 2022019532 A1 WO2022019532 A1 WO 2022019532A1 KR 2021008617 W KR2021008617 W KR 2021008617W WO 2022019532 A1 WO2022019532 A1 WO 2022019532A1
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Prior art keywords
battery cell
temperature
thermoelectric element
charging
capacity
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PCT/KR2021/008617
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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김영민
김철택
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주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션
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Priority to US17/790,604 priority Critical patent/US20230073815A1/en
Priority to CN202180007863.XA priority patent/CN114930178A/zh
Priority to EP21845487.4A priority patent/EP4067920A4/fr
Publication of WO2022019532A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022019532A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G01R31/3865—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables related to manufacture, e.g. testing after manufacture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6572—Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/01—Manufacture or treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/80—Constructional details
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery cell capacity measuring device and a battery cell capacity measuring method, and more particularly, to a battery cell capacity measuring device and a battery cell capacity measuring method using a thermoelectric element.
  • secondary batteries are sometimes classified into lithium ion batteries, lithium ion polymer batteries, lithium polymer batteries, etc. depending on the composition of the electrode and electrolyte.
  • secondary batteries include a cylindrical battery and a prismatic battery in which an electrode assembly is embedded in a cylindrical or prismatic metal can, and a pouch-type battery in which the electrode assembly is embedded in a pouch-type case of an aluminum laminate sheet, depending on the shape of the battery case.
  • the electrode assembly built into the battery case consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator structure interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and is a power generating element capable of charging and discharging. It is classified into a jelly-roll type wound with a separator interposed therebetween, and a stack type in which a plurality of positive and negative electrodes of a predetermined size are sequentially stacked with a separator interposed therebetween.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode are formed by applying a positive electrode slurry containing a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode slurry containing a negative electrode active material to a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector, respectively to form a positive electrode active material layer and a negative electrode active material layer, followed by drying and rolling them do.
  • Such secondary batteries are evaluated for various performances in order to detect defective products or to improve their performance during a manufacturing process, and a typical example of the performance of such a secondary battery is the capacity of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional battery cell capacity measuring device.
  • a conventional battery cell capacity measuring apparatus 10 includes a jig 12 on which a battery cell 11 is mounted, a charge/discharge unit 13 for charging and discharging the battery cell, and the battery cell and the jig are accommodated therein. and a charging/discharging chamber 14 that is The battery cell is repeatedly charged and discharged by the charging/discharging unit, and the capacity of the battery cell is calculated therefrom.
  • the temperature inside the battery cells must be adjusted to the desired temperature before charging and discharging.
  • the temperature inside the chamber is generally adjusted to a specific temperature, and the temperature inside the battery cell is waited until the temperature inside the chamber is reached.
  • a long standby time is required until the temperature inside the battery cell becomes the same as the temperature inside the chamber, and there is a problem that the charging/discharging experiment takes a long time due to the waiting time.
  • Patent Document 1 Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2018-0122116
  • the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and a battery cell capacity measurement device and battery cell capacity measurement that can reduce the time required to adjust the internal temperature of the battery cell to a target temperature during charging and discharging of the battery cell
  • the purpose is to provide a method.
  • An apparatus for measuring battery cell capacity includes: a jig to which a battery cell is mounted and which can press the battery cell from both sides; a charging/discharging unit connected to the battery cell; and a charging/discharging chamber accommodating the jig and the battery cell, and a thermoelectric element for temperature control of the battery cell is formed on an outer surface of the jig.
  • the jig includes a lower plate on which the battery cell is mounted; and an upper plate for pressing the battery cell from an upper portion, wherein the thermoelectric element has a plate shape contacting at least one of a lower surface of the lower plate and an upper surface of the upper plate.
  • the lower plate and the upper plate are made of a thermally conductive metal material selected from the group including aluminum and iron.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus further includes a chiller for absorbing heat emitted from the thermoelectric element.
  • the chiller may include a refrigerant supply located outside the chamber; and a cooling plate connected to the refrigerant supply source inside the chamber and in contact with an outer surface of the thermoelectric element.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus further includes a temperature control unit for controlling the temperature of the chamber and the thermoelectric element and the operation of the chiller.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus further includes a controller for controlling the operation of the temperature control unit and the charging/discharging unit, and calculating the capacity of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus further includes a temperature sensor installed in the chamber and disposed adjacent to the battery cell.
  • the present invention provides a method for measuring a battery cell capacity using the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus described above, the method comprising: mounting a battery cell on a jig accommodated in a chamber; setting a temperature of the thermoelectric element so that the battery cell reaches a target temperature; and charging and discharging the battery cells that have reached the target temperature, and measuring the capacity of the battery cells therefrom.
  • the temperature of the thermoelectric element is set to be in a temperature range of 1 to 10°C higher than the target temperature.
  • the target temperature may be room temperature.
  • the battery cell capacity measurement method further includes the step of charging and discharging the battery cell at a predetermined temperature before the step of setting the temperature of the thermoelectric element.
  • the battery cell capacity measurement method further comprises the steps of setting the temperature of the thermoelectric element so that the temperature of the battery cell reaches a temperature in a range different from the target temperature after the capacity measurement, and charging and discharging the battery cell.
  • the present invention disposes a thermoelectric element capable of heating or cooling the battery cell to a predetermined temperature on the outer surface of a jig for pressing the battery cell, and heating or cooling the battery cell through the thermoelectric element, thereby heating or cooling the battery cell during charging and discharging of the battery cell. It is possible to reduce the time required for the temperature inside the cell to reach the target temperature.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a conventional battery cell capacity measuring device.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a battery cell capacity measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a battery cell capacity measuring device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of a method for measuring battery cell capacity according to the present invention.
  • 5 is a graph showing battery cell capacity according to temperature.
  • thermoelectric element 8 is a graph showing the time required for the temperature rise of the thermoelectric element in the embodiment according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the capacity of a battery cell according to an embodiment and a comparative example of the present invention.
  • “under” another part it includes not only cases where it is “directly under” another part, but also cases where another part is in between.
  • “on” may include the case of being disposed not only on the upper part but also on the lower part.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a battery cell capacity measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery cell 110 is mounted, and a jig 120 capable of pressing the battery cell 110 from both sides. ; a charging/discharging unit 130 connected to the battery cell 120 ; It includes a charging/discharging chamber 140 accommodating the jig 120 and the battery cell 110 , and a thermoelectric element 150 for temperature control of the battery cell is formed on an outer surface of the jig 120 .
  • the temperature inside the chamber in which the battery cell is stored is set to the target temperature, and the temperature inside the battery cell is adjusted to the target temperature.
  • the temperature change per hour of the battery cell is about 1 to 2° C. per minute, a long standby time is required when the difference between the initial battery cell temperature and the target battery cell temperature is large.
  • the present invention disposes a thermoelectric element capable of heating or cooling the battery cell to a predetermined temperature on the outer surface of a jig for pressing the battery cell, and heating or cooling the battery cell through the thermoelectric element, thereby heating or cooling the battery cell during charging and discharging of the battery cell. It is possible to reduce the time required for the temperature inside the cell to reach the target temperature.
  • thermoelectric element as a means for controlling the temperature
  • heating and cooling of the battery can be performed as one device, and the configuration of the device is simpler than when a heat exchange fluid is used for temperature control.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus 100 includes a jig 120 capable of pressing and fixing the battery cell 110 .
  • the jig 120 may include a pair of pressure plates to pressurize and fix the battery cell 110, for example, to pressurize the battery cell 110 from both sides. have.
  • the jig 120 includes a lower plate 122 on which the battery cell 110 is mounted; and an upper plate 121 for pressing the battery cell from above.
  • an electrode assembly having a separator interposed between a positive electrode and a negative electrode is accommodated in a battery case.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode have a form in which an electrode slurry including an electrode active material is applied on a current collector.
  • the current collector may be a positive electrode current collector or a negative electrode current collector
  • the electrode active material may be a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode active material
  • the electrode slurry may further include a conductive material and a binder in addition to the electrode active material.
  • the positive electrode current collector is generally made to have a thickness of 3 to 500 ⁇ m.
  • the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has high conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery, and for example, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, or aluminum or stainless steel. Carbon, nickel, titanium, silver, etc. surface-treated on the surface of the can be used.
  • the current collector may increase the adhesion of the positive electrode active material by forming fine irregularities on the surface thereof, and various forms such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous body, foam body, and non-woven body are possible.
  • a sheet for a negative electrode current collector it is generally made to a thickness of 3 to 500 ⁇ m.
  • a negative current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical change in the battery.
  • Carbon, nickel, titanium, a surface-treated material such as silver, aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. may be used.
  • the bonding strength of the negative electrode active material may be strengthened by forming fine irregularities on the surface, and may be used in various forms such as a film, sheet, foil, net, porous body, foam, non-woven body, and the like.
  • the positive active material is a material capable of causing an electrochemical reaction, as a lithium transition metal oxide, containing two or more transition metals, for example, lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) substituted with one or more transition metals.
  • a lithium transition metal oxide containing two or more transition metals, for example, lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) substituted with one or more transition metals.
  • LiNiO 2 lithium nickel oxide
  • LiNiO 2 lithium manganese oxide substituted with one or more transition metals
  • Formula LiNi 1-y M y O 2 Lithium nickel-based oxide represented by; Li 1+z Ni 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 , Li 1+z Ni 0.4 Mn 0.4 Co 0.2 O 2 , etc.
  • the negative electrode active material includes, for example, carbon such as non-graphitizable carbon and graphitic carbon; Li x Fe 2 O 3 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Li x WO 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1), Sn x Me 1-x Me' y O z (Me: Mn, Fe, Pb, Ge; Me' : metal composite oxides such as Al, B, P, Si, elements of Groups 1, 2, and 3 of the periodic table, halogen; 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1;1 ⁇ y ⁇ 3;1 ⁇ z ⁇ 8); lithium metal; lithium alloy; silicon-based alloys; tin-based alloys; SnO, SnO 2 , PbO, PbO 2 , Pb 2 O 3 , Pb 3 O 4 , Sb 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 4 , Sb 2 O 5 , GeO, GeO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 , Bi 2 O 4 , metal oxides such as Bi 2 O 5 ; conductive polymers such as polyacetylene; A Li
  • the conductive material is typically added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture including the positive active material.
  • a conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing a chemical change in the battery.
  • graphite such as natural graphite or artificial graphite
  • carbon black such as carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and summer black
  • conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers
  • metal powders such as carbon fluoride, aluminum, and nickel powder
  • conductive whiskeys such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate
  • conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide
  • Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
  • the binder is a component that assists in bonding between the active material and the conductive material and bonding to the current collector, and is typically added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture including the positive electrode active material.
  • binders include polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, tetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, poly propylene, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), sulfonated EPDM, styrene butyrene rubber, fluororubber, various copolymers, and the like.
  • the separator is interposed between the anode and the cathode, and an insulating thin film having high ion permeability and mechanical strength is used.
  • the pore diameter of the separator is generally 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m, and the thickness is generally 5 to 300 ⁇ m.
  • a separation membrane For example, olefin polymers, such as chemical-resistant and hydrophobic polypropylene; A sheet or non-woven fabric made of glass fiber or polyethylene is used.
  • a solid electrolyte such as a polymer is used as the electrolyte, the solid electrolyte may also serve as a separator.
  • the battery case is not particularly limited as long as it is used as an exterior material for battery packaging, and a cylindrical, prismatic, or pouch type may be used, but in detail, a pouch type battery case may be used.
  • the pouch-type battery case is typically made of an aluminum laminate sheet, and may include an inner sealant layer for sealing, a metal layer preventing material penetration, and an outer resin layer forming the outermost layer of the case. A detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus 100 may include a charging/discharging unit 130 for charging and discharging the battery cells 110 .
  • a positive electrode tab and a negative electrode tab are respectively formed from a positive electrode and a negative electrode in the electrode assembly of the battery cell, and a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead connected thereto are formed on the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab.
  • the charging/discharging unit 130 may be connected to a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead, respectively, to apply a predetermined voltage and current to the battery cell.
  • the battery cell 110 and the jig 120 may be accommodated in the charge/discharge chamber 140 .
  • the charging/discharging unit 130 may be connected to the battery cell 110 outside the charging/discharging chamber 140 .
  • a cable connected to the charging/discharging unit 130 may pass through the outer wall of the charging/discharging chamber 140 to be connected to the battery cell 110 .
  • the temperature of the battery cell 110 is controlled by the thermoelectric element 150 .
  • the thermoelectric element 150 means an element in which heat absorption occurs on one side and heat generation occurs on the other side according to the direction of the current. That is, in the present invention, since both the cooling and heating of the battery cell are performed by a thermoelectric element, there is no need to separately provide a heating device and a cooling device for heating and cooling the battery cell, thereby simplifying the configuration of the device. .
  • thermoelectric element 150 there is no particular limitation on the type of the thermoelectric element 150, and a thermoelectric power generating device using the Seebeck effect, which is an effect of generating an electromotive force due to a temperature difference. Conversely, when a current is applied, heat is absorbed (or A cooling device using the Peltier effect, which is an effect generated), may be used.
  • the thermoelectric element forms a thermoelectric material composed of N-type and P-type semiconductors between a metal substrate such as aluminum or a ceramic substrate such as alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), and the N-type thermoelectric material and the P-type thermoelectric material are used as electrodes. It may be manufactured in a bulk (Bulk) structure connected in series. Details of other thermoelectric elements are already known to those skilled in the art, so detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • thermoelectric element 150 is formed on the outer surface of the jig 120 . That is, the thermoelectric element 150 may be in the form of a substrate in contact with at least one of the lower surface of the lower plate 122 and the upper surface of the upper plate 121 .
  • the thermoelectric element 150 may be formed on only one of the lower surface of the lower plate 122 and the upper surface of the upper plate 121 , and as shown in FIG. 2 , the lower surface of the lower plate 122 or the upper surface of the upper plate 121 . It may be formed in only one of them.
  • thermoelectric element 150 By forming the thermoelectric element 150 on the outer surface of the jig 120 in this way, when the thermoelectric element 150 is heated or cooled, the upper plate 121 or the lower plate 122 constituting the jig 120 is passed through.
  • the battery cell 110 is indirectly heated or cooled.
  • the lower plate 122 and the upper plate 121 may be made of a thermally conductive metal material selected from the group consisting of aluminum and iron.
  • thermoelectric element 150 by forming the thermoelectric element 150 on the outer surface of the jig 120 in this way to indirectly heat or cool the battery cell 110 , the battery cell 110 closes the surface facing the thermoelectric element 150 . A sudden temperature change can be prevented.
  • a temperature control device such as a thermoelectric element is directly adjacent to the outer surface of the battery cell, the vicinity of the surface of the battery cell in contact with the thermoelectric element may be overheated or cooled, resulting in damage to the surface or an unexpected reaction on the surface.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus 100 further includes a temperature control unit 160 for controlling the temperature of the charging/discharging chamber 140 and the thermoelectric element 150 .
  • the temperature controller 160 may control the temperature of the air inside the charging/discharging chamber 140 to a predetermined temperature required for charging and discharging.
  • the temperature controller 160 may maintain a constant temperature inside the charge/discharge chamber 140 .
  • the temperature controller 160 may control the temperature of the thermoelectric element 150 so that the temperature inside the battery cell reaches a target temperature.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus 100 may further include a temperature sensor (not shown), which is installed in the charge/discharge chamber 140 , for example, so as to be adjacent to the battery cell 110 . By being disposed, the temperature inside the battery cell 110 can be sensed.
  • the temperature sensor may measure the surface temperature of an adjacent battery cell, and this may be defined as a temperature inside the battery cell.
  • the temperature controller 160 sets the thermoelectric element 150 to a predetermined temperature to adjust the temperature inside the battery cell to a target temperature.
  • the thermoelectric element 150 reaches a predetermined temperature, the battery cell is heated or cooled until it reaches the target temperature.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus 100 may further include a controller 170 for controlling the operation of the temperature control unit 160 and the charging/discharging unit 130 and calculating the capacity of the battery cell.
  • the control unit 170 controls the temperature control unit 160 to control the thermoelectric element 150 to reach a predetermined temperature, and when the temperature inside the battery cell 110 reaches the target temperature, the temperature control unit The battery cell is charged and discharged by controlling the charging/discharging unit 130 while maintaining the internal temperature of the battery cell at the target temperature through 160 .
  • the control unit 170 obtains a charging/discharging profile and calculates the capacity of the battery cell therefrom.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a battery cell capacity measuring device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus 200 includes a jig 220 on which a battery cell 210 is mounted, and capable of pressing the battery cell 210 from both sides; a charging/discharging unit 230 connected to the battery cell; and a charging/discharging chamber 240 accommodating the jig 220 and the battery cell 210 , wherein a thermoelectric element 250 for temperature control of the battery cell is formed on the outer surface of the jig 220 .
  • the jig 220 includes a lower plate 222 on which the battery cell 210 is seated; and an upper plate 221 for pressing the battery cell 210 from an upper portion, wherein the lower plate 222 and the upper plate 221 are made of a thermally conductive metal material selected from the group including aluminum and iron.
  • thermoelectric element 250 for controlling the temperature of the battery cell is formed on the outer surface of the jig 220 , and the thermoelectric element 250 is located between the lower surface of the lower plate 222 and the upper surface of the upper plate 221 . at least one of them may be in contact.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus 200 may further include a chiller 280 for absorbing heat emitted from the thermoelectric element 250 .
  • the chiller 280 serves as a heat sink for absorbing heat, and may prevent the thermoelectric element 250 from overheating and speed up the cooling rate when the thermoelectric element 250 is cooled, and the thermoelectric element 250 . It is possible to further expand the cooling range of
  • the chiller 280 may include a refrigerant supply 281 positioned outside the charge/discharge chamber 240; and a cooling plate 282 connected to the refrigerant supply source 281 in the charging/discharging chamber 240 and in contact with the outer surface of the thermoelectric element 250 .
  • the cooling plate 282 may be made of a metal material having excellent thermal conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, nickel, iron, etc., and is connected to the refrigerant supply source 281 inside the cooling plate 282, and the refrigerant moves.
  • a flow path (not shown) may be formed.
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus 200 may further include a temperature controller 260 for controlling the temperature of the chamber and the thermoelectric element 250 and the operation of the chiller 280 .
  • the temperature control unit 260 may control the temperature of the thermoelectric element 250 so that the temperature inside the battery cell reaches a target temperature. It may further include a temperature sensor (not shown) disposed. Specifically, the temperature sensor may measure the surface temperature of an adjacent battery cell, and this may be defined as a temperature inside the battery cell.
  • the temperature controller 260 sets the thermoelectric element 250 to a predetermined temperature to adjust the temperature of the battery cell to a target temperature.
  • the thermoelectric element 250 reaches a predetermined temperature, the battery cell is heated or cooled until it reaches the target temperature. At this time, when the battery cell is cooled, the chiller 280 assists in cooling the battery cell through the thermoelectric element 250 .
  • the battery cell capacity measuring apparatus 200 may further include a controller 270 for controlling the operation of the temperature control unit 260 and the charging/discharging unit 240 , and calculating the capacity of the battery cell.
  • the content of the control unit is the same as described above.
  • the present invention provides a battery cell capacity measuring method using the battery cell capacity measuring device as described above.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of a method for measuring battery cell capacity according to the present invention.
  • the method for measuring the battery cell capacity includes the steps of mounting the battery cell on a jig accommodated in the chamber (S10); setting a temperature of the thermoelectric element so that the battery cell reaches a target temperature (S20); and charging and discharging the battery cells that have reached the target temperature, and measuring the capacity of the battery cells therefrom (S30).
  • the present invention provides a battery cell by disposing a thermoelectric element capable of heating or cooling the battery cell to a predetermined temperature on the outer surface of a jig for pressing the battery cell and heating or cooling the battery cell through the thermoelectric element. It is possible to reduce the time required for the internal temperature of the battery cell to reach a target temperature during charging and discharging.
  • thermoelectric element as a means for controlling the temperature
  • heating and cooling of the battery can be performed as one device, and it is simpler than when a heat exchange fluid is used for temperature control.
  • the battery cell is mounted on a jig accommodated in the chamber.
  • the pouch-type battery cell as described above may be used.
  • the chamber is closed and sealed to maintain the chamber at a constant temperature.
  • a temperature sensor may be installed adjacent to the battery cell.
  • the temperature of the thermoelectric element is set so that the battery cell reaches a target temperature.
  • the target temperature reached by the battery cell means the temperature inside the battery cell.
  • the temperature setting of the thermoelectric element may be performed through the aforementioned control unit and temperature control unit.
  • the temperature of the thermoelectric element set by the control unit and the temperature control unit is preferably set higher than the target temperature. This is because, in the capacity measuring device according to the present invention, the thermoelectric element heats or cools the battery cell via the jig in a state located on the outer surface of the jig, so that the temperature inside the battery cell is lower than the temperature of the thermoelectric element.
  • the temperature of the thermoelectric element may be set to be in a temperature range of 1 to 10°C higher than the target temperature, and in detail, may be set to be in a temperature range of 3 to 7°C higher than the target temperature.
  • the temperature range of the thermoelectric element is set as described above, the temperature inside the battery cell may reach the target temperature.
  • the temperature of the thermoelectric element is the same as the target temperature, the actual temperature inside the battery cell may be lower than the target temperature, and in this case, the measured capacity of the battery cell may be smaller than the capacity of the battery cell at the target temperature.
  • the temperature of the thermoelectric element may be set higher than the target temperature.
  • the battery cell When it is confirmed that the internal temperature of the battery cell has reached the target temperature through the thermoelectric element, the battery cell is charged and discharged. At this time, the battery cell may be charged by applying a constant current. Specifically, a process of charging a battery cell at a predetermined C-rate, and discharging the battery cell at a predetermined C-rate after a period of rest when the battery cell reaches a final voltage can be repeated. From this, a charging/discharging profile according to time of the battery cell may be obtained, and the capacity may be measured from the amount of discharge per hour or the amount of charge.
  • the charging and discharging rates in charging and discharging of the battery cell may be the same.
  • the citrate may be 0.1 to 0.7C during charging and discharging, and specifically 0.3 to 0.5C.
  • the rate is less than the above range, the charging/discharging speed is slow and it may take a lot of time.
  • the target temperature is room temperature.
  • 5 is a graph showing the time required for the temperature rise of the thermoelectric element in the embodiment according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5 , it can be seen that the capacity measurement value varies according to the temperature for the same battery cell. However, as shown in FIG. 5 , the capacity measured at 0° C. has a different pattern, and since most of the actual battery cells are used at room temperature, the capacity measured at room temperature can be determined as the capacity of the battery cell according to the present invention.
  • the performance of the battery can be measured by charging and discharging the battery cell at different temperatures before measuring the capacity.
  • the method for measuring battery cell capacity may further include charging and discharging the battery cell at a predetermined temperature before setting the temperature of the thermoelectric element.
  • charging and discharging may be repeated by changing the temperature of the battery cell, and other characteristics of the battery cell may be evaluated.
  • Other characteristics of the battery cell include, for example, output characteristics or lifespan characteristics of the battery cell.
  • the temperature inside the battery cell can be controlled by cooling or heating the battery cell through a thermoelectric element or adjusting the temperature of the chamber to a desired temperature.
  • the battery cell is charged and discharged in a state where the temperature inside the battery cell is 0°C, and the output of the battery cell can be measured at 0°C by using the HPPC method.
  • a thermoelectric element is used to cool the battery cell, or charging and discharging can be performed while the chamber temperature is 0°C.
  • the temperature inside the battery cell is increased to a target temperature (eg, room temperature) in order to measure the capacity of the battery cell according to the present invention.
  • a target temperature eg, room temperature
  • the battery cell capacity measurement method according to the present invention can reduce the time it takes for the temperature inside the battery cell to reach the target temperature by using a thermoelectric element in this process.
  • the battery cell capacity measurement method according to the present invention can measure the performance of the battery by charging and discharging the battery cells at different temperatures after the capacity measurement.
  • the battery cell capacity measurement method according to the present invention comprises the steps of setting the temperature of the thermoelectric element so that the temperature of the battery cell reaches a temperature in a range different from the target temperature after the capacity measurement, and charging and discharging the battery cell may further include. Even in this case, since the temperature of the battery cell is controlled by using the thermoelectric element, the time required for the internal temperature of the battery cell to reach a target can be shortened.
  • the temperature inside the chamber may be kept constant.
  • a positive electrode mixture was prepared.
  • a positive electrode slurry was prepared by dispersing the obtained positive electrode mixture in 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone serving as a solvent.
  • a positive electrode was prepared by coating, drying, and pressing this slurry on both sides of an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, respectively.
  • a negative electrode mixture was prepared.
  • a negative electrode slurry was prepared by dispersing this negative electrode mixture in ion-exchanged water functioning as a solvent. This slurry was coated on both sides of a copper foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, dried and pressed to prepare a negative electrode.
  • LiPF 6 was dissolved to a concentration of 1.0M to obtain a non-aqueous electrolyte solution.
  • EC ethylene carbonate
  • PC propylene carbonate
  • DEC diethyl carbonate
  • a battery cell was prepared by stacking a separator of porous polyethylene between the prepared positive electrode and the negative electrode, and storing it in a pouch, and then injecting the electrolyte solution.
  • the battery cell was mounted in a capacity measuring device. Specifically, the battery cell was mounted on a jig in the chamber and the chamber was sealed. At this time, the temperature of the chamber was set to 0 °C.
  • charging and discharging were performed using the hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) method, and output characteristics were measured. Specifically, charging and discharging were performed while applying a current in the form of a pulse, and a resistance value was obtained from a voltage change during discharging and charging, and the output was measured therefrom.
  • HPPC hybrid pulse power characterization
  • the capacity was measured at room temperature (25 °C). That is, the target temperature was set to room temperature in the capacity measurement.
  • To measure the capacity at room temperature means to set the temperature inside the battery cell to room temperature and measure the capacity.
  • the temperature of the thermoelectric element was set to 32° C. higher than the target temperature, the battery cell was heated, and the temperature inside the battery cell reached the target temperature (soaking). Afterwards, when the internal temperature of the battery cell reached the target temperature, the capacity was measured through charging and discharging. At this time, the battery cell is charged at 1/3C as shown in FIG.
  • thermoelectric element was set to 0° C. to cool the battery cell, and charging and discharging were performed.
  • the battery cell was mounted on a jig in the chamber and the chamber was sealed. At this time, the temperature of the chamber was set to 0 °C.
  • the temperature of the chamber was increased to a target temperature (room temperature, 25° C.), and the temperature inside the battery cell was waited until the target temperature was reached.
  • a target temperature room temperature, 25° C.
  • the capacity of the battery cell was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • Example 1 Thereafter, the temperature of the chamber was set to 0°C, and the temperature inside the battery cell was waited until it reached 0°C. When the temperature inside the battery cell reached 0° C., charging and discharging were performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
  • thermoelectric element was set to be the same as the target temperature (room temperature, 25°C).
  • the time required for each step was recorded. Specifically, 1) the time the chamber or thermoelectric element reaches a set temperature for heating or cooling the battery cell, 2) the time the inside of the battery cell reaches the target temperature, 3) the chamber or the thermoelectric element after measuring the capacity to 0 The time taken to adjust to °C and 4) the time for the battery cell to reach 0°C were recorded. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, FIG. 8 shows the time required for the thermoelectric element to reach the set temperature (32° C.) in the embodiment.
  • the Example using the thermoelectric element took less time than Comparative Example 1. This means that the time for the thermoelectric element to reach the set temperature is shorter than the time for the chamber to reach the set temperature, and when the thermoelectric element is used, heat can be transferred directly to the inside of the battery cell, so that the temperature inside the battery cell reaches the target temperature. because the time is shorter.
  • the surface temperature of the side of the battery cell was measured using a temperature sensor. Specifically, the results are shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the dose measured in the dose measurement process is shown in FIG. 10 .

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil et un procédé de mesure de la capacité d'une cellule de batterie. L'appareil de mesure de la capacité d'une cellule de batterie comprend : des gabarits sur lesquels une cellule de batterie est montée et qui peuvent presser la cellule de batterie des deux côtés ; une unité de charge/décharge qui est connectée à la cellule de batterie ; et une chambre de charge/décharge qui reçoit les gabarits et la cellule de batterie, un élément thermoélectrique pour le réglage de la température de la cellule de batterie étant formé sur les surfaces externes des gabarits.
PCT/KR2021/008617 2020-07-21 2021-07-07 Appareil et procédé de mesure de capacité de cellule de batterie WO2022019532A1 (fr)

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US17/790,604 US20230073815A1 (en) 2020-07-21 2021-07-07 Apparatus and method for measuring capacity of battery cell
CN202180007863.XA CN114930178A (zh) 2020-07-21 2021-07-07 用于测量电池单体的容量的设备和方法
EP21845487.4A EP4067920A4 (fr) 2020-07-21 2021-07-07 Appareil et procédé de mesure de capacité de cellule de batterie

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KR1020200090055A KR20220011319A (ko) 2020-07-21 2020-07-21 전지셀 용량 측정 장치 및 전지셀 용량 측정 방법

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US20230073815A1 (en) 2023-03-09
EP4067920A1 (fr) 2022-10-05

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