WO2022012378A1

WO2022012378A1 - Explosion-proof battery

Info

Publication number: WO2022012378A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/104756
Authority: WO
Inventors: 徐基维; 张能; 林豈庆; 王运鹏
Original assignee: 华瑞矿业科技有限公司; 煤炭科学研究总院
Priority date: 2020-07-14
Filing date: 2021-07-06
Publication date: 2022-01-20
Also published as: CN112002856B; AU2021309863A1; AU2021309863B2; CN112002856A

Abstract

Disclosed is an explosion-proof battery, comprising: a battery module, which is provided in a box body, wherein the battery module comprises a first area and a second area; a first encapsulation layer, which covers the first area of the battery module; a protective cover, which covers the second area, wherein there is a gap between the protective cover and a pressure relief valve; and a second encapsulation layer of the protective cover, which second encapsulation layer covers the second area of the battery module, wherein the impact strength of the second encapsulation layer is less than the impact strength of when the pressure relief valve is opened, so as to ensure that the second encapsulation layer is broken through when the pressure relief valve is opened. According to the explosion-proof battery of the embodiments of the present application, by means of providing an encapsulation layer that covers a battery module, a potential ignition source is effectively isolated from an explosive gas, thereby significantly reducing the probability of the occurrence of extreme accidents such as combustion and explosion. Furthermore, by means of providing a protective cover and reserving a certain gap between the protective cover and a battery pressure relief valve, the opening of a pressure relief valve when an accident occurs in the explosion-proof battery can be further facilitated, thereby improving the usage safety of the battery.

Description

Explosion-proof battery

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application number "202010676699.9" filed by Huarui Mining Technology Co., Ltd. on July 14, 2020 with the invention name "explosion-proof battery".

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of battery safety, in particular to an explosion-proof battery.

Background technique

At present, the large-capacity explosion-proof power supplies used in coal mines are mainly special or increased safety lead-acid battery power supplies. Due to the shortcomings of low energy density, low voltage, few cycles, and serious environmental pollution, GB 3836 series and IEC60079 series explosion-proof power supply The standard has many restrictions on the use of lead-acid batteries, and the underground large-capacity battery power supply gradually tends to choose lithium batteries. However, the large-capacity lithium battery is directly placed in the battery box. When the battery box is filled with explosive gas, there is a great potential explosion hazard when it comes into contact with the potential ignition source of the battery electrode or the battery itself fails to cause a thermal runaway accident. There is no good solution, it needs to be solved urgently.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. Therefore, the purpose of this application is to propose an explosion-proof battery, which can effectively isolate the potential ignition source from the explosive gas by providing a potting layer covering the battery module, and greatly reduce the probability of extreme accidents such as combustion and explosion. Further, by providing a protective cover and reserving a certain gap between the protective cover and the battery pressure relief valve, it is more beneficial for the explosion-proof battery to open the pressure relief valve when an accident such as thermal runaway occurs, thereby improving the use safety of the explosion-proof battery.

In order to achieve the above purpose, an embodiment of the present application proposes an explosion-proof battery, comprising: a box body; a battery module disposed in the box body, wherein the battery module includes a first area and a second area, The first area includes all the electrodes in the battery module, the second area includes all the pressure relief valves in the battery module; the first pot covering the first area of the battery module a sealing layer, the first potting layer has a first opening, the first opening corresponds to the pressure relief valve, so that the pressure relief valve is exhausted through the first opening; a protective cover, wherein a gap exists between the protective cover and the pressure relief valve; and a second encapsulation layer of the protective cover covering the second region of the battery module, wherein the first The impact strength of the second encapsulation layer is smaller than the impact strength when the pressure relief valve is opened, so as to ensure that the second encapsulation layer is broken when the pressure relief valve is opened.

In addition, the explosion-proof battery according to the above embodiments of the present application may also have the following additional technical features:

According to an embodiment of the present application, the second encapsulation layer further covers the first encapsulation layer of the battery module, and the impact strength of the second encapsulation layer is smaller than that of the first encapsulation layer impact strength of the layer.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned explosion-proof battery further includes: a third encapsulating layer covering the second encapsulating layer, wherein the third encapsulating layer has a third encapsulating layer at the position of the pressure relief valve. Two openings, the second opening corresponds to the pressure relief valve, so that the pressure relief valve is exhausted through the second opening, and the impact strength of the third encapsulation layer is greater than that of the first encapsulation layer impact strength.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the first encapsulation layer, the second encapsulation layer and the third encapsulation layer are silicone or epoxy resin.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the box is an explosion-proof box or a non-explosion-proof protective box, wherein the box includes: a box body; a box cover disposed on the box body, wherein, The box cover is connected with the box body by bolts, and there is a free space between the potting layer covering the battery module and the box cover.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned box body further includes: a pressure detector disposed in the box body body, the pressure detector detects that the pressure inside the box body body is greater than a preset threshold value , control and cut off the electrical connection between the explosion-proof battery and the external circuit; at least one pressure relief device is arranged on the box cover or the box body, so that when the internal pressure of the box body rises, the pressure relief device can be released in time. pressure to reduce the impact on the battery module.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned explosion-proof box further includes: a sealing strip disposed between the box cover and the box body.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned box body further includes: a support member, where the support member is used to support and fix the battery module.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the first encapsulation layer, the second encapsulation layer and the third encapsulation layer are filled between the battery module and the side wall and bottom of the box. space between, so as to closely fit and fix the battery module with the box body.

According to the explosion-proof battery of the embodiment of the present application, by providing the first encapsulating layer covering the first area of the battery module, the protective cover of the second area is covered, wherein a gap exists between the protective cover and the pressure relief valve; and at least the cover is The second potting layer of the protective cover in the second area of the battery module adopts the first potting layer covering the first area of the battery module and the second potting layer covering at least the protective cover in the second area of the battery module The sealing layer realizes potting protection. Even if the pressure relief valve breaks through the second potting layer when the pressure relief valve is opened, the first potting layer can still effectively protect the electrodes of the single lithium battery and effectively isolate the potential ignition source from the explosive gas. , greatly reducing the chance of extreme accidents such as burning and explosion. Further, by providing a protective cover and reserving a certain gap between the protective cover and the battery pressure relief valve, it is more beneficial for the explosion-proof battery to open the pressure relief valve when an accident such as thermal runaway occurs, thereby improving the use safety of the explosion-proof battery.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth, in part, in the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or learned by practice of the present application.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof battery according to an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof battery according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof battery according to a specific embodiment of the present application.

detailed description

The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to be used to explain the present application, but should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

The explosion-proof battery proposed according to the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof battery according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , the explosion-proof battery 10 includes: a box body 100 , a battery module 200 , a first encapsulating layer 300 and a second encapsulating layer 400 .

The battery module 200 is disposed in the box 100, wherein the battery module 200 includes a first area and a second area, the first area includes all the electrodes 201 in the battery module 200, and the second area includes the battery module All pressure relief valves 202 in 200; the first encapsulation layer 300 covers the first area of the battery module 200, the first encapsulation layer 300 has a first opening 203, and the first opening 203 corresponds to the pressure relief valve 202, so that the The pressure valve 202 can be exhausted through the first opening 203; the protective cover 205 covering the second area, wherein there is a gap between the protective cover 205 and the pressure relief valve 202; the protective cover 205 covering the second area of the battery module 200 The second encapsulation layer 400, wherein the impact strength of the second encapsulation layer 400 is smaller than the impact strength of the pressure relief valve 202 when the pressure relief valve 202 is opened, so as to ensure that the pressure relief valve 202 breaks through the second encapsulation layer 400 when the pressure relief valve 202 is opened.

In the embodiment of the present application, the explosion-proof battery 10 may be a lithium battery, or any other possible battery for an explosive environment, which is not specifically limited here. The explosion-proof battery 10 is described in detail below.

It can be understood that the battery module 200 may include a plurality of single lithium batteries spaced in sequence, and the single lithium batteries may be connected by electrical connectors. Usually, the main potential ignition source of the lithium battery is a live part, as shown in the figure. As shown in 1, all the electrodes 201 in the battery module 200 in this application are the positive and negative terminals of the single lithium battery in the battery module 200. A first encapsulating layer 300 is arranged to cover an area, and the first encapsulating layer 300 can effectively protect the part of the single cell except the pressure relief valve 202 .

In the above-mentioned structural design of the explosion-proof battery 10, as shown in FIG. 1, in the second area, that is, all the pressure relief valves 202 in the battery module 200, the first encapsulating layer 300 is configured to have the first opening 203, The first opening 203 corresponds to the pressure relief valve 202 , so that the pressure relief valve 202 can be exhausted through the first opening 203 , which can effectively avoid the risk of explosion that may be caused by failures such as thermal runaway of the battery.

It should be noted that, in the present application, the explosive gas can directly punch out the protective cover 205 , rather than being limited to breaking through, that is, the protective cover 205 as a whole can break through the second encapsulation layer 400 along with the airflow.

The impact strength of the second potting layer 400 is also configured to be smaller than the impact strength when the pressure relief valve 202 is opened, so as to ensure that the second potting layer 400 is broken when the pressure relief valve 202 is opened, and the second potting layer 400 is broken when the pressure relief valve 202 is opened. In the case of the encapsulating layer 400, the first encapsulating layer 300 can still effectively protect the electrode 201 of the single lithium battery, effectively isolate the potential ignition source from the explosive gas, and greatly reduce the probability of extreme accidents such as combustion and explosion. Further, by setting the protective cover 205 and reserving a certain gap between the protective cover 205 and the battery pressure relief valve 202, it is more beneficial for the explosion-proof battery 10 to open the pressure relief valve when an accident such as thermal runaway occurs, thereby improving the explosion-proof battery 10. safety of use.

According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2 , the second encapsulating layer 400 also covers the first encapsulating layer 300 of the battery module 200 , and the impact strength of the second encapsulating layer 400 is smaller than that of the first encapsulating layer Impact strength of layer 300.

It can be understood that, as shown in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment of the present application, a second encapsulating layer 400 covering the first encapsulating layer 300 of the battery module 200 may also be provided, that is, the second encapsulating layer 400 not only covers the first encapsulating layer 400 . The second area can also cover the area covered by the first encapsulating layer 300, and the second encapsulating layer 400 protects the first encapsulating layer 300 and also protects the pressure relief valve 202. function to achieve effective potting protection.

It should be noted that, since the impact strength of the second encapsulating layer 400 is smaller than the impact strength when the pressure relief valve 202 is opened, in the case where the pressure relief valve 202 breaks through the second encapsulating layer 400 when the pressure relief valve 202 is opened, the first encapsulating layer 300 The electrode 201 of the single lithium battery can still be effectively protected, the potential ignition source can be effectively isolated from the explosive gas, and the probability of extreme accidents such as combustion and explosion can be greatly reduced.

According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 3 , the above-mentioned explosion-proof battery 10 further includes: a third encapsulation layer 500 . Wherein, the third encapsulation layer 500 covers the second encapsulation layer 400, the third encapsulation layer 500 has a second opening 204 at the position of the pressure relief valve 202, and the second opening 204 corresponds to the pressure relief valve 202, so that the pressure relief valve 202 can be exhausted through the second opening 204 , and the impact strength of the third encapsulation layer 500 is greater than that of the first encapsulation layer 300 .

Further, according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 3 , the first encapsulation layer 300 , the second encapsulation layer 400 and the third encapsulation layer 500 are filled on the sides of the battery module 200 and the box body 100 . The space between the wall and the bottom, so that it can closely fit with the box body and fix the battery module.

Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present application, the first encapsulation layer 300 , the second encapsulation layer 400 and the third encapsulation layer 500 may be silicone or epoxy resin. That is to say, those skilled in the art can set the first encapsulation layer 300, the second encapsulation layer 400 and the third encapsulation layer 500 according to the actual situation, for example, the first encapsulation layer 300 is silica gel, and the second encapsulation layer 400 is epoxy resin, and the third encapsulation layer 500 is epoxy resin.

It is understandable that silica gel, also known as silicic acid gel, is a highly active adsorption material and is an amorphous substance. The main component of silica gel is silicon dioxide, which is chemically stable and non-flammable; epoxy resin refers to a molecule containing The general term for a class of polymers with two or more epoxy groups. It is the polycondensation product of epichlorohydrin and bisphenol A or polyols. Due to the chemical activity of epoxy groups, it can be made by a variety of compounds containing active hydrogen. Ring-opening, curing cross-links to form a network structure, so it is a thermosetting resin. Therefore, silica gel or epoxy resin has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, good flame retardant performance, and explosion-proof performance.

The impact strength of the third encapsulating layer 500 is configured to be greater than the impact strength of the first encapsulating layer 300 , so that the third encapsulating layer 500 can form the outermost protection, as well as the second encapsulating layer 400 . For further protection, that is to say, the third encapsulation layer 500 can further enhance the protection function of the first encapsulation layer 300 and the second encapsulation layer 400. Due to the protection and reinforcement of the third encapsulation layer 500, The damage degree of the second encapsulation layer 400 can be effectively limited, that is, the damaged part can be limited to the pressure relief valve 202 to the greatest extent, which greatly reduces the destructive influence on the first encapsulation layer 300 and improves the Reliability of potting explosion protection method.

Optionally, according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 3 , the box 100 may be an explosion-proof box or a non-explosion-proof protective box, wherein the box may include: a box body 101 and a box cover 102 . The materials of the box body 101 and the box cover 102 can be metal materials such as profile steel, or non-metallic materials such as carbon fiber; the box cover 102 is arranged on the box body 101, and the box cover 102 is connected to the box body through bolts 1021. 101 is connected, and there is a free space between the encapsulation layer covering the battery module 200 and the box cover 102, so that a certain buffer space can be given to the pressurized gas, and by providing this free space, it can also assist in the configuration of some other components ( For example, a pressure detector) to assist in enriching the explosion-proof function of the explosion-proof battery 10 .

Further, according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 3 , the above-mentioned box further includes: a pressure detector 103 and at least one pressure relief device (eg, a pressure relief device 1022 ). Preferably, the pressure detector 103 is arranged in the box body 101; at least one pressure relief device is arranged on the box cover 102 or the box body 101, wherein the pressure detector 103 detects that the pressure inside the box body is greater than the predetermined pressure When the threshold is set, the electrical connection between the explosion-proof battery 10 and the external circuit is controlled to be cut off, and the pressure relief device releases the pressure in time to reduce the impact on the battery module 200 .

Wherein, the pressure relief device may be, for example, a flame arrester, a one-way valve, a combined structure of a flame arrester and a one-way valve, or a bursting disc structure, which is not limited thereto.

It can be understood that, as shown in FIG. 3 , when the battery pressure relief valve 202 is opened to exhaust, the pressure in the box body 101 will be greatly increased. If the pressure in the box body 101 is not discharged and reaches a certain pressure value, Explosion may occur, therefore, in order to ensure safety, in the embodiment of the present application, a pressure detector 103 may be provided in the box body 101, and a pressure relief valve 1022 may be provided on the box cover 102, so that the pressure detector can pass through 103 Detects the pressure in the box body 101, and when the detected pressure is greater than the preset threshold, it controls to cut off the electrical connection between the explosion-proof battery 10 and the external circuit, and the pressure relief device releases the pressure in time to release the pressure inside the box body 101. The gas is discharged, so as to prevent the gas from accumulating inside the box body 101 and causing excessive pressure to damage the box body 101 and the battery module 200, and will not cause extreme explosion hazards to the external environment, realizing the explosion-proof function and reducing the The explosion risk of the battery improves the safety of the box and the battery.

It should be noted that, in order to discharge the gas in the box body 101 as soon as possible, a plurality of pressure relief devices may be provided on the box cover 102 in this embodiment of the present application, wherein the above-mentioned manner of disposing the pressure relief devices is only exemplary , those skilled in the art can also set it in other positions, for example, set it on the box body 101 .

Further, according to an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned box body further includes: a sealing strip 600 . The sealing strip 600 is disposed between the box cover 102 and the box body 101 .

It can be understood that the sealing strip 600 may be disposed between the box cover 102 and the box body 101 to close the gap between the box cover 102 and the box body 101 . Wherein, the sealing strip 600 may include a body, at least two upper legs and at least two lower legs. Wherein, at least two upper legs are respectively provided on the upper end of the body at intervals, at least two upper legs are respectively abutted against the box cover 102, at least two lower legs are respectively provided on the lower end of the body at intervals, and at least two lower legs are respectively abutted against the box body body 101 .

Therefore, by arranging a sealing strip with a plurality of upper legs and lower legs between the box cover 102 and the box body 101, not only can multiple seals between the box cover 102 and the box body 101 be achieved, but also effectively improve the The sealing between the box cover 102 and the box body 101 further improves the waterproof and dustproof performance of the box.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the above box body further includes: a support member 104 . The support member 104 is used for supporting and fixing the battery module 200 .

It can be understood that, in this embodiment of the present application, a support member 104 may be provided at the bottom of the box body 101 to support and fix the battery module 200 , that is, the battery module 200 may be fixedly installed on the box body through the support member 104 Among them, the stable performance of the battery module 200 is effectively guaranteed, the battery module 200 is not shaken and displaced, and the safety of the battery module 200 is improved.

According to the explosion-proof battery proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the first encapsulation layer covering the first area of the battery module is provided, and the protective cover of the second area is covered, wherein a gap exists between the protective cover and the pressure relief valve; and at least The second potting layer of the protective cover covering the second area of the battery module to adopt the first potting layer covering the first area of the battery module and the second potting layer covering at least the protective cover of the second area of the battery module The potting layer realizes potting protection. Even if the second potting layer is destroyed when the pressure relief valve is opened, the first potting layer can still effectively protect the electrodes of the single lithium battery and achieve effective isolation of potential ignition sources and explosive gases. , greatly reducing the chance of extreme accidents such as burning and explosion. Further, by providing a protective cover and reserving a certain gap between the protective cover and the battery pressure relief valve, it is more beneficial for the explosion-proof battery to open the pressure relief valve when an accident such as thermal runaway occurs, thereby improving the use safety of the explosion-proof battery.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless expressly and specifically defined otherwise.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of the different embodiments or examples, without conflicting each other.

Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limitations to the present application. Embodiments are subject to variations, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims

An explosion-proof battery, comprising:

box;

A battery module arranged in the box, wherein the battery module includes a first area and a second area, the first area includes all electrodes in the battery module, and the second area including all pressure relief valves in the battery module;

a first encapsulation layer covering the first area of the battery module, the first encapsulation layer has a first opening, and the first opening corresponds to the pressure relief valve, so that the pressure relief valve Exhaust through the first opening;

a protective cover covering the second region, wherein a gap exists between the protective cover and the pressure relief valve; and

The second encapsulation layer of the protective cover covering the second region of the battery module, wherein the impact strength of the second encapsulation layer is smaller than the impact strength when the pressure relief valve is opened, so as to Make sure that the second potting layer is broken when the pressure relief valve is opened.
The explosion-proof battery of claim 1, wherein the second encapsulating layer further covers the first encapsulating layer of the battery module, and the impact strength of the second encapsulating layer is less than Impact strength of the first potting layer.
The explosion-proof battery of claim 1, further comprising:

a third encapsulation layer covering the second encapsulation layer, wherein the third encapsulation layer has a second opening at the position of the pressure relief valve, the second opening corresponds to the pressure relief valve, to The pressure relief valve can be exhausted through the second opening, and the impact strength of the third encapsulation layer is greater than the impact strength of the first encapsulation layer.
The explosion-proof battery according to claim 3, wherein the first encapsulating layer, the second encapsulating layer and the third encapsulating layer are silica gel or epoxy resin.
The explosion-proof battery according to claim 1, wherein the box is an explosion-proof box or a non-explosion-proof protective box, wherein the explosion-proof box comprises:

box body;

A box cover disposed on the box body, wherein the box cover is connected to the box body by bolts, and there is a free space between the potting layer covering the battery module and the box cover .
The explosion-proof battery of claim 5, further comprising:

A pressure detector arranged in the box body, when the pressure detector detects that the pressure in the box body is greater than a preset threshold value, it controls to cut off the electrical connection between the explosion-proof battery and the external circuit;

At least one pressure relief device is arranged on the box cover or the box body to ensure that the pressure is released in time when the internal pressure of the box body rises, so as to reduce the impact on the battery module.
The explosion-proof battery of claim 5, further comprising:

A sealing strip arranged between the box cover and the box body.
The explosion-proof battery of claim 1, further comprising:

A supporter, the supporter is used for supporting and fixing the battery module.
The explosion-proof battery according to claim 3, wherein the first encapsulating layer, the second encapsulating layer and the third encapsulating layer are filled in the battery module and the box body The space between the side wall and the bottom of the explosion-proof box body is tightly fitted and fixed to the battery module.