WO2022004218A1 - Ac arc welding method - Google Patents

Ac arc welding method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022004218A1
WO2022004218A1 PCT/JP2021/020475 JP2021020475W WO2022004218A1 WO 2022004218 A1 WO2022004218 A1 WO 2022004218A1 JP 2021020475 W JP2021020475 W JP 2021020475W WO 2022004218 A1 WO2022004218 A1 WO 2022004218A1
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Prior art keywords
current
value
current value
welding
less
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PCT/JP2021/020475
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
健太 玉川
英樹 井原
芳行 田畑
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パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
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Application filed by パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 filed Critical パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority to JP2022533750A priority Critical patent/JPWO2022004218A1/ja
Priority to CN202180042774.9A priority patent/CN115702055A/en
Publication of WO2022004218A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022004218A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/06—Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
    • B23K9/073—Stabilising the arc

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an AC arc welding method in which an arc is generated between an electrode and a base metal by an AC welding current to perform welding.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an AC arc welding method in which an arc is generated between an electrode and a base metal by an AC welding current to perform welding.
  • the waveform of the welding current is a waveform obtained by superimposing a pulse on the alternating current of a square wave so that the arc directivity can be maintained even if the time ratio of the electrode minus period is reduced. ..
  • the waveform of the welding current is a waveform obtained by superimposing a pulse on the alternating current of a square wave
  • the welding current is rapidly increased.
  • High work noise is generated, and the burden on the worker becomes heavy.
  • the welding current is lowered from a positive value to a negative value, the same problem arises due to the rapid decrease in the welding current.
  • the waveform of the welding current is made into a sine and cosine in order to suppress the generation of high work noise, the melting of the base metal will be delayed and the work efficiency will deteriorate.
  • This disclosure has been made in view of this point, and the purpose of the present disclosure is to reduce the work noise while suppressing the deterioration of the welding work efficiency.
  • the first aspect of the present disclosure is an AC arc welding method in which an arc is generated between an electrode and a base metal by an AC welding current to perform welding, in which the welding current is negative at the first inclination.
  • the value is increased from the value to a second current value of 0.6 times or more and 0.9 times or less of the predetermined positive first current value, and then 60 ⁇ A / ⁇ s or more, which is smaller than the first gradient from the second current value.
  • the welding current rise step when executed, when the welding current is increased from a negative value to the first current value, from the time when the welding current reaches the second current value to the time when the welding current reaches the first current value.
  • the welding current is increased at a second inclination of 600 mA / ⁇ s or less, so that the working noise can be lowered as compared with the case where the welding current is increased at an inclination of more than 600 mA / ⁇ s.
  • the welding current rise step when the welding current is increased from a negative value to the first current value, the welding current is set to be smaller than the second slope until the welding current reaches the second current value. Since the current is increased with a large first inclination, the base metal can be melted faster and the work efficiency can be improved as compared with the case of increasing with the second inclination.
  • the second current value is 0.6 times or more the first current value, so that the second current value is less than 0.6 times the first current value.
  • the base metal can be melted faster, the work efficiency can be improved, the period when the welding current is small can be shortened, and the arc breakage can be less likely to occur.
  • the second current value is 0.9 times or less of the first current value, the period during which the work noise is lower than when the second current value is larger than 0.9 times the first current value is set. You can make it longer.
  • the welding current reduction step when the welding current is reduced from the positive value to the third current value, the welding current reaches the fourth current value and the third current value. Since the welding current is decreased at the fourth inclination of ⁇ 600 mA / ⁇ s or more, the working noise can be lowered as compared with the case of increasing at the inclination of less than ⁇ 600 mA / ⁇ s.
  • the welding current when the welding current is reduced from the positive value to the third current value, the welding current is set to be smaller than the fourth slope until the welding current reaches the fourth current value. Since the current is reduced by a small third tilt, arc breakage can be less likely to occur as compared with the case where the current is reduced by a fourth tilt.
  • the fourth current value is 0.6 times or less of the third current value, so that the fourth current value is larger than 0.6 times the third current value. Compared with this, the period during which the absolute value of the welding current is small can be shortened, and arc breakage can be less likely to occur. Further, since the 4th current value is 0.9 times or more the 3rd current value, the period during which the work noise is low is longer than when the 4th current value is less than 0.9 times the 3rd current value. can.
  • the second aspect of the present disclosure is an AC arc welding method in which an arc is generated between the electrode and the base metal by an AC welding current to perform welding, and the welding current is applied to a predetermined value only during the first pulse period.
  • the first peak current application step in which the current value is 1.15 times or more and 1.6 times or less the positive set current value, and the welding current is 0.6 times or more and 0 times the set current value for the second pulse period.
  • the first base current application step with a current value of 9 times or less is alternated two or more times between the time when the welding current is increased from a negative value to a positive value and the time when the welding current is decreased from a negative value to the next negative value.
  • the welding current is negative from a positive value. It is characterized in that the second pulse current application step, which is alternately executed once, is executed between the time when the value is lowered to the value of 1 and the time when the value is raised to the next positive value.
  • the first peak current application step a large amount of heat for melting the filler rod is given to the filler rod, and the output directivity of the arc is enhanced by increasing the electromagnetic pinch force, so that the droplets are smooth. Since the transition can be promoted, the melting rate can be increased as compared with the case where the welding current is always set to the set current value. Further, even if the welding current is made larger than the set current value in the first peak current applying step, the welding current is made smaller than the set current value in the first base current applying step, so that the first pulse current applying step is being executed. The effective value of the welding current in can be brought close to the set current value.
  • the arc output directivity is increased by increasing the electromagnetic pinch force in the second peak current application step, and the welding current is always set to the set current value as compared with the case where the welding current is always set to the set current value.
  • the cleaning action can be promoted.
  • the welding current is made smaller than -1 times the set current value in the second peak current applying step, the welding current is made larger than -1 times the set current value in the second base current applying step.
  • the effective value of the welding current during the execution of the 2-pulse current application step can be made close to -1 times the set current value.
  • the melting rate can be more effectively increased as compared with the case where the first peak current application step is executed only once.
  • the third pulse period can be lengthened as compared with the case where the second peak current application step and the second base current application step are executed twice or more. Therefore, since the cleaning period can be lengthened with a current value smaller than -1 times the set current value, the oxide on the surface of the base metal can be firmly removed. Further, even when the period for making the welding current a negative value is set to a small ratio of less than 50% in one cycle, the second peak current application step and the second base current application step are executed twice or more, respectively. Since the third pulse period and the fourth pulse period can be lengthened as compared with the above, it is possible to prevent the third pulse period and the fourth pulse period from becoming too short and difficult to control.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a welding apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a welding power supply.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a waveform of a welding current during arc welding.
  • FIG. 1 shows a welding device 1.
  • the welding device 1 includes a welding torch 10 and a welding power source 20.
  • This welding device 1 is an AC TIG welding device in which the welding torch 10 is a non-consumable electrode type torch.
  • the welding torch 10 has a nozzle 11 for ejecting a shield gas SG supplied from a gas supply device (not shown). Inside the nozzle 11, a substantially cylindrical collet 12 is arranged along the ejection direction of the nozzle 11. A rod-shaped tungsten electrode TE is fixed inside the collet 12.
  • the welding power supply 20 generates an arc A by applying an AC voltage between the tungsten electrode TE of the welding torch 10 and the base metal W.
  • the worker forms a molten pool P in the base metal W by generating an arc A between the tungsten electrode TE and the base metal W by the welding device 1, and the filler rod R is placed in the molten pool P. By inserting, a weld bead can be formed.
  • the welding power supply 20 includes a first rectifying smoothing circuit 21, a first inverter circuit 22, a first transformer 23, a second rectifying smoothing circuit 24, and a first.
  • the second reactors 25 and 26, the second inverter circuit 27, and the control device 30 are provided.
  • the first rectifying smoothing circuit 21 converts the input AC power input from the commercial power supply 2 into DC power and outputs it.
  • the first inverter circuit 22 is, for example, a single-phase full-bridge type PWM control inverter, and includes four switching elements (not shown).
  • the first inverter circuit 22 switches these four switching elements according to the switching signal SG1 output by the control device 30, so that the DC power output by the first rectifying smoothing circuit 21 becomes AC power. Convert and output.
  • the output voltage of the first inverter circuit 22 is taken as the first AC voltage.
  • an inverter circuit having another configuration such as a half-bridge type inverter may be used.
  • the first transformer 23 changes the first AC voltage output by the first inverter circuit 22 to the second AC voltage and outputs it.
  • the first transformer 23 has a first primary coil 23a and a first secondary coil 23b.
  • a first AC voltage output by the first inverter circuit 22 is applied to the first primary coil 23a.
  • the voltage of the first secondary coil 23b becomes the second AC voltage.
  • the second rectifying smoothing circuit 24 converts the second AC voltage output by the first transformer 23 into the first DC voltage and outputs it from the positive output terminal 24a and the negative output terminal 24b.
  • the second rectifying smoothing circuit 24 is a diode bridge circuit composed of four diodes 24c.
  • the second inverter circuit 27 is a single-phase half-bridge type inverter circuit.
  • the second inverter circuit 27 includes an upper arm switching element 273 and a lower arm switching element connected in series between the first and second input terminals 271,272 and the first and second input terminals 271,272. It is equipped with 274.
  • the polarity switching signal SG2 output by the control device 30 is input to the upper arm switching element 273, while the signal obtained by inverting the polarity switching signal SG2 is input to the lower arm switching element 274.
  • the first input terminal 271 of the second inverter circuit 27 is connected to the positive output terminal 24a of the second rectifying smoothing circuit 24 via the first reactor 25.
  • the second input terminal 272 of the second inverter circuit 27 is connected to the negative output terminal 24b of the second rectifying smoothing circuit 24 via the second reactor 26.
  • the output terminal 275 of the second inverter circuit 27 is connected to the base material W.
  • the second inverter circuit 27 sets the base material W to a higher potential than the tungsten electrode TE, while the upper arm switching element. With the 273 turned off and the lower arm switching element 274 turned on, the second inverter circuit 27 sets the base material W to a lower potential than the tungsten electrode TE.
  • the second inverter circuit 27 can be applied between the base material W and the tungsten electrode TE.
  • the polarity of the AC voltage is set to the EN (electrode minus) polarity at which the tungsten electrode TE has a lower potential than the base material W and the EP (electrode plus) polarity at which the tungsten electrode TE has a higher potential than the base material W. Switch periodically. As a result, an alternating current welding current flows between the base metal W and the tungsten electrode TE.
  • the control device 30 controls the welding current I.
  • a predetermined positive first current value I1 is input to the control device 30 by the user using an input means (not shown), and is set as a set current value.
  • the control device 30 is a first inverter circuit 22 so that the effective value of the welding current I becomes the set current value by PWM control based on the measured value of the welding current I input from the current sensor (not shown).
  • the polarity switching signal SG2 for switching the polarity of the AC voltage applied between the electrode TE and the base material W is output.
  • the welding current I is controlled by the control device 30 by the outputs of the switching signal SG1 and the polarity switching signal SG2.
  • the frequency of the polarity switching signal SG2, that is, the frequency of the welding current is set to 10 Hz or more and 400 Hz or less.
  • the control device 30 sets the welding current to a second current value I2 which is (1- ⁇ ) times the positive first current value I1 from a negative value at the first slope S1 of 1.7 A / ⁇ s. Then, from the second current value I2 to the first slope S1 with a second slope S2 of 60 ⁇ A / ⁇ s or more and 600 mA / ⁇ s or less, which is smaller than the first slope S1, the first slope period SPE1 is applied to the first current value I1. And perform a current rise step to increase.
  • the ⁇ is set to 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less. Therefore, the second current value I2 is 0.6 times or more and 0.9 times or less the first current value I1.
  • the welding current is increased from the second current value I2 to the first current value I1 with a second inclination S2 of 600 mA / ⁇ s or less.
  • the work noise can be lowered and the worker can be given a softer feeling.
  • the base material W can be melted faster than when it is less than 60 ⁇ A / ⁇ s.
  • the welding current is increased from the negative value to the second current value I2 at the first inclination S1 of 1 A / ⁇ s or more, so that the base metal is increased as compared with the case where the welding current is increased at the second inclination S2.
  • the melting of W can be accelerated and the work efficiency can be improved.
  • the base material W has a base material W as compared with the case where the second current value I2 is less than 0.6 times the first current value I1. It is possible to speed up melting, improve work efficiency, shorten the period when the welding current is small, and prevent arc breakage. Further, since the second current value I2 is 0.9 times or less the first current value I1, the work noise is higher than when the second current value I2 is larger than 0.9 times the first current value I1. You can lengthen the period of low.
  • the control device 30 raises the welding current to the first peak current value P1 which is (1 + ⁇ / 2 + ⁇ ) times the first current value I1, and the first peak current value only for the first pulse period PPE1.
  • the first peak current application step set to P1 and the welding current are lowered to the first base current value B1 which is (1- ⁇ ) times the first current value I1, and the first base current value B1 is applied only for the second pulse period PPE2.
  • the first pulse current application step is executed by alternately executing the first base current application step twice in order.
  • the above ⁇ is set to 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less. Therefore, the first peak current value P1 is 1.15 times or more and 1.6 times or less the first current value I1, and the first base current value B1 is 0.6 times or more and 0.9 times the first current value I1. It will be less than double.
  • the welding current is set to the first peak current value P1 which is larger than the first current value I1, so that a large amount of heat for melting the filler rod R is given to the filler rod R.
  • the output directivity of the arc A can be enhanced and the smooth transition of the droplets can be promoted. Therefore, the melting rate can be increased as compared with the case where the welding current is always set to the set current value (first current value I1).
  • the effective value of the welding current during the execution of the first pulse current application step is set to the set current value. You can get closer.
  • the melting rate can be effectively increased as compared with the case where it is set to less than 0.1.
  • ⁇ is set to 0.4 or less, the arc A is suppressed from becoming too strong in the first peak current application step as compared with the case where it is set to be larger than 0.4, and the tungsten electrode TE is consumed. It can be slowed down and the burden on the operator can be reduced.
  • the control device 30 raises the welding current from the first base current value B1 to the first current value I1. Then, the control device 30 adjusts the welding current from the first current value I1 to a slope -1 times that of the second slope S2, that is, a slope of ⁇ 60 ⁇ A / ⁇ s or less and ⁇ 600 mA / ⁇ s or more ⁇ S2, and the first tilt period SPE1.
  • a current reduction step of reducing the current by the DPE for a reduction period of 0.35 times or more and 0.95 times or less is performed.
  • the control device 30 applies the welding current to the first current value only for the start-up period RPE of 0.05 times or more and 0.65 times or less of the first inclination period SPE1.
  • the positive rising current value RI 1.0 times or more and 1.65 times or less of I1 is used.
  • the welding current is made smaller than the first current value I1 in the first inclination period SPE1 and the decreasing period DPE, even if the welding current is made larger than the first current value I1 in the first peak current application step.
  • the effective value of the welding current during the period when the welding current is positive can be brought close to the set current value (first current value I1).
  • the control device 30 lowers the welding current at the timing tE. Specifically, the control device 30 has a third slope S3 of -1.7 A / ⁇ s, and a fourth current value I4 which is (1- ⁇ ) times the negative third current value I3 from the positive rising current value RI. Then, from the fourth current value I4 to the third slope S3, which is larger than the third slope S3 and has a fourth slope S4 of -60 ⁇ A / ⁇ s or less and -600 mA / ⁇ s or more, the second slope period SPE2. Perform a current reduction step to reduce.
  • the third current value I3 is a value -1 times the first current value I1 (set current value).
  • the above ⁇ is set to 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less. Therefore, the fourth current value I4 is 0.6 times or less and 0.9 times or more the third current value I3.
  • the current reduction step is executed, and immediately before the welding current is reduced from a positive value to a negative value.
  • the welding current is once started up to the start-up current value RI.
  • the welding current is set from a current value lower than the set current value (first current value I1) to 1.0 times or more and 1.65 times or less the first current value I1. Since the current is raised to the rising current value RI once, the third inclination S3 becomes steeper (smaller) and arc breakage is less likely to occur as compared with the case where the welding current is lowered to a negative value immediately after the current reduction step is executed. ..
  • the welding current may not be raised to the rising current value RI once, but the welding current may be lowered to a negative value.
  • the reduction period DPE may be set to 0.95 times or more and 1 times or less the first inclination period SPE1.
  • the welding current is decreased from the fourth current value I4 to the third current value I3 at the fourth inclination S4 of ⁇ 600 mA / ⁇ s or more, so that the welding current is increased at an inclination of less than ⁇ 600 mA / ⁇ s.
  • the work noise can be lowered and the worker can be given a softer feeling.
  • the fourth slope S4 is set to -60 ⁇ A / ⁇ s or less, arc breakage can be less likely to occur as compared with the case where the slope exceeds -60 ⁇ A / ⁇ s.
  • the welding current is reduced from the positive value to the fourth current value I4 at the third slope S3 of -1A / ⁇ s or less, so that the arc is compared with the case where the welding current is reduced at the fourth slope S4. It can be less likely to break.
  • the fourth current value I4 is 0.6 times or less and 0.9 times or more the third current value I3, compared with the case where the fourth current value I4 is larger than 0.6 times the third current value I3. , The period during which the absolute value of the welding current is small can be shortened, and arc breakage can be less likely to occur. Further, as compared with the case where the fourth current value I4 is less than 0.9 times the third current value I3, the period during which the work noise is low can be lengthened.
  • the control device 30 lowers the welding current to the second peak current value P2, which is (1 + ⁇ + ⁇ ) times the third current value I3, and the second peak current value P2 only for the third pulse period PPE3.
  • the welding current is raised to the second base current value B2, which is (1- ⁇ ) times the third current value I3, and the second base current value B2 is applied only during the fourth pulse period PPE4.
  • the second pulse current application step is executed, in which the second base current application step is alternately executed only once.
  • the above ⁇ is set to 0.1 to 0.4.
  • the second peak current value P2 is 1.2 times or less and 1.8 times or more the third current value I3, that is, -1.2 times or less and 1.8 times the set current value (first current value I1). That is all.
  • the second base current value B2 is 0.6 times or less and 0.9 times or more the third current value I3, that is, -0.6 times or less and -0.9 times or more the set current value (first current value I1). Become.
  • the welding current is set to the second peak current value P2, which is smaller than the third current value I3, so that the output directivity of the arc A can be enhanced by increasing the electromagnetic pinch force. Therefore, the cleaning action can be promoted as compared with the case where the welding current is always set to the third current value I3 (-1 times the set current value).
  • the second peak current value P2 is set independently of the first peak current value P1 according to the degree of cleaning action required.
  • the welding current is set to the second base current value B2, which is larger than the third current value I3. Therefore, the effective value of the welding current during the execution of the second pulse current application step is the set current value. It can be approached by -1 times.
  • the control device 30 lowers the welding current from the second base current value B2 to the third current value I3. Then, the control device 30 adjusts the welding current from the third current value I3 to a slope -1 times that of the fourth slope S4, that is, a slope of 60 ⁇ A / ⁇ s or more and 600 mA / ⁇ s or less, and 0.35 of the second slope period SPE2.
  • a current increase step of increasing by IPE for an increase period of doubling or more and 0.95 times or less is performed.
  • the control device 30 applies the welding current to the third current value only for the fall period FPE of 0.05 times or more and 0.65 times or less of the second inclination period SPE2.
  • the falling current value FI is 1.0 times or less and 1.65 times or more of I3, and then the operation from the timing tA is repeated. That is, the control device 30 raises the welding current from the falling current value FI to the positive second current value I2 at the first inclination S1 of 1.7 A / ⁇ s.
  • the current increase step is executed, and immediately before the welding current is increased from a negative value to a positive value.
  • the welding current is temporarily reduced to the falling current value FI.
  • the welding current is changed from a current value higher than -1 times the set current value to a falling current value 1.0 times or less and 1.65 times or more the third current value I3. Since the current is once lowered to FI, the first inclination S1 becomes steeper (larger) and arc breakage is less likely to occur as compared with the case where the welding current is raised to a positive value immediately after the execution of the current increase step.
  • the welding current may be lowered to a positive value without temporarily dropping to the current value FI.
  • the increase period IPE may be set to 0.95 times or more and 1 times or less the second slope period SPE2.
  • the welding current is made larger than the third current value I3, so that the welding current is made smaller than the third current value I3 in the second peak current application step. Also, the effective value of the welding current during the period when the welding current is negative can be brought close to -1 times the set current value (third current value I3).
  • the period from the timing tA to the next timing tE that is, the period in which the polarity of the AC voltage applied between the base metal W and the tungsten electrode TE in one cycle T becomes the EN polarity is set to EN ( Electrode minus) Period Ten is called.
  • the period from the timing tE to the next timing tA that is, the period in which the polarity of the AC voltage applied between the base material W and the tungsten electrode TE in one cycle T becomes the EP polarity is EP (electrode). Plus) Called period Tep.
  • the EN period Ten is set to 90 to 50% of one cycle T, and the EP period Tep is set to 10 to 50% of one cycle T. In the example of FIG. 3, the EN period Ten and the EP period Tep are each set to 50% of one cycle.
  • the first gradient period SPE1, each first pulse period PPE1, and each second pulse period PPE2 are set to about 1/6 of the EN period Ten.
  • the sum of the reduction period DPE and the start-up period RPE is also set to about 1/6 of the EN period Ten. Since the frequency of the welding current is set to 10 to 400 Hz, the total of the first inclination period SPE1, each first pulse period PPE1, each second pulse period PPE2, the decrease period DPE and the start-up period RPE is , 200 ⁇ s or more and 15 ms or less, respectively.
  • the second slope period SPE2, the third pulse period PPE3, and the fourth pulse period PPE4 are set to about 1/4 of the EP period Tep.
  • the sum of the increase period IPE and the start-up period FPE is also set to about 1/4 of the EP period Tep. Since the frequency of the welding current is set to 10 to 400 Hz, the sum of the second inclination period SPE2, the third pulse period PPE3, the fourth pulse period PPE4, the increase period IPE and the fall period FPE, respectively. It will be 60 ⁇ s or more and 12.5 ms or less.
  • the start-up period RPE and the start-up period FPE are set to 160 ⁇ s to 620 ⁇ s when the frequency is 10 Hz to 600 Hz.
  • the first peak current application step and the first base current application step are performed twice between the execution of the current rise step and the next reduction of the welding current to a negative value. Since it is executed, the melting rate can be increased more effectively than when it is executed only once.
  • the third pulse period PPE3 for maintaining the welding current at the second peak current value P2 can be lengthened as compared with the case where the welding current is executed more than once. Therefore, since the cleaning period can be lengthened at the second peak current value P2, the oxide on the surface of the base material W can be firmly removed. Further, even when the EP period Tep is set to a small ratio of less than 50% of one cycle T, 1 is compared with the case where the second peak current application step and the second base current application step are executed twice or more. Since one third pulse period PPE3 and one fourth pulse period PPE4 can be lengthened, it is possible to prevent the third pulse period PPE3 and the fourth pulse period PPE4 from becoming too short and difficult to control.
  • each first pulse period PPE1 is set to about 1/6 of the EN period Ten, but it may be set to another ratio of 1/30 or more and 1/6 or less.
  • each second pulse period PPE2 is set to about 1/6 of the EN period Ten, but it may be set to another ratio of 1/6 or more and 3/10 or less.
  • each third pulse period PPE3 is set to about 1/4 of the EP period Tep, but it may be set to another ratio of 1/20 or more and 1/4 or less.
  • each fourth pulse period PPE4 is set to about 1/4 of the EP period Tep, but it may be set to another ratio of 1/4 or more and 9/20 or less.
  • the welding current is set to the common first peak current value P1 in the two first peak current application steps executed in the first pulse current application step, but 1.15 times the set current value. As long as the current values are 1.6 times or more, the current values may be different from each other.
  • the welding current is set to the common first base current value B1, but the set current value is 0.6 times or more and 0.9. If the current values are double or less, the current values may be different from each other.
  • control device 30 executes both the current rise step and the current fall step, and both the current decrease step and the current increase step, but only the current rise step and the current decrease step are executed.
  • the current lowering step and the current increasing step may not be executed.
  • only the current lowering step and the current increasing step may be executed, and the current rising step and the current decreasing step may not be executed.
  • control device 30 raises the welding current to the rising current value RI immediately after executing the current decrease step, and lowers the welding current to the rising current value FI after executing the current increasing step. You may want to execute only one of the above.
  • control device 30 has executed the first peak current applying step and the first base current applying step twice, but may be executed three times or more.
  • the AC arc welding method of the present disclosure can reduce the work noise while suppressing deterioration of welding work efficiency, and AC arc welding is performed by generating an arc between the electrode and the base metal by the AC welding current. It is useful as a method.

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  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention involves causing a welding device to execute: a current-raising step in which a welding current is increased, according to a first slope (S1), from a negative value to a second current value (I2) that is 0.6-0.9 (inclusive) times a prescribed positive first current value (I1), and then is increased from the second current value (I2) to the first current value (I1) according to a second slope (S2) ranging from 60 μA/μs to 600 mA/μs (inclusive), the second slope (S2) being less than the first slope (S1); and a current-lowering step in which the welding current is reduced, according to a third slope (S3), from a positive value to a fourth current value (I4) that is 0.6-0.9 (inclusive) times a prescribed negative third current value (I3), and then is reduced from the fourth current value (I4) to the third current value (I3) according to a fourth slope (S4) of -60 μA/μS to -600 mA/μs (inclusive), the fourth slope (S4) being greater than the third slope (S3).

Description

交流アーク溶接方法AC arc welding method
　本開示は、交流の溶接電流によって電極と母材との間にアークを発生させて溶接を行う交流アーク溶接方法に関する。 The present disclosure relates to an AC arc welding method in which an arc is generated between an electrode and a base metal by an AC welding current to perform welding.
　特許文献１には、交流の溶接電流によって電極と母材との間にアークを発生させて溶接を行う交流アーク溶接方法が開示されている。この交流アーク溶接方法では、溶接電流の波形を、矩形波の交流にパルスを重畳した波形とすることにより、電極マイナス期間の時間比率を小さくしてもアークの指向性を維持できるようにしている。 Patent Document 1 discloses an AC arc welding method in which an arc is generated between an electrode and a base metal by an AC welding current to perform welding. In this AC arc welding method, the waveform of the welding current is a waveform obtained by superimposing a pulse on the alternating current of a square wave so that the arc directivity can be maintained even if the time ratio of the electrode minus period is reduced. ..
特許第２６８９７５２号公報Japanese Patent No. 2689752
　しかし、特許文献１では、溶接電流の波形を、矩形波の交流にパルスを重畳した波形としたので、溶接電流を負の値から正の値に立ち上げるときに、溶接電流の急速な増加により、高い作業音が発生し、作業者の負担が大きくなる。また、溶接電流を正の値から負の値に立ち下げるときにも、溶接電流の急速な減少により、同様の問題が生じる。 However, in Patent Document 1, since the waveform of the welding current is a waveform obtained by superimposing a pulse on the alternating current of a square wave, when the welding current is raised from a negative value to a positive value, the welding current is rapidly increased. , High work noise is generated, and the burden on the worker becomes heavy. Further, when the welding current is lowered from a positive value to a negative value, the same problem arises due to the rapid decrease in the welding current.
　また、高い作業音の発生を抑制するために、溶接電流の波形を正弦波形にすると、母材の溶融が遅くなり、作業効率が悪化する。 Also, if the waveform of the welding current is made into a sine and cosine in order to suppress the generation of high work noise, the melting of the base metal will be delayed and the work efficiency will deteriorate.
　本開示は、かかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、溶接の作業効率の悪化を抑制しつつ、作業音を低くすることにある。 This disclosure has been made in view of this point, and the purpose of the present disclosure is to reduce the work noise while suppressing the deterioration of the welding work efficiency.
　本開示の第１の態様は、交流の溶接電流によって電極と母材との間にアークを発生させて溶接を行う交流アーク溶接方法であって、前記溶接電流を、第１の傾きで負の値から所定の正の第１電流値の０．６倍以上０．９倍以下の第２電流値まで増加させ、次いで、当該第２電流値から前記第１の傾きよりも小さい６０μＡ／μｓ以上６００ｍＡ／μｓ以下の第２の傾きで前記第１電流値まで第１傾斜期間をかけて増加させる電流立上げステップと、前記溶接電流を、第３の傾きで正の値から所定の負の第３電流値の０．６倍以下０．９倍以上の第４電流値まで減少させ、次いで、当該第４電流値から前記第３の傾きよりも大きい－６０μＡ／μｓ以下－６００ｍＡ／μｓ以上の第４の傾きで前記第３電流値まで第２傾斜期間をかけて減少させる電流立下げステップとの少なくとも一方を実行させることを特徴とする。 The first aspect of the present disclosure is an AC arc welding method in which an arc is generated between an electrode and a base metal by an AC welding current to perform welding, in which the welding current is negative at the first inclination. The value is increased from the value to a second current value of 0.6 times or more and 0.9 times or less of the predetermined positive first current value, and then 60 μA / μs or more, which is smaller than the first gradient from the second current value. A current rise step of increasing the current value up to the first current value over a first tilt period at a second tilt of 600 mA / μs or less, and a predetermined negative third of the welding current from a positive value at the third tilt. 3 Reduce to the 4th current value of 0.6 times or less and 0.9 times or more of the current value, and then from the 4th current value to -60 μA / μs or less and -600 mA / μs or more, which is larger than the third slope. It is characterized in that at least one of a current reduction step of reducing the third current value to the third tilt value over a second tilt period is executed at the fourth tilt.
　この態様によると、電流立上げステップを実行する場合には、溶接電流を負の値から第１電流値まで増加させる際、溶接電流が第２電流値に達してから第１電流値に達するまでの間、溶接電流を６００ｍＡ／μｓ以下の第２の傾きで増加させるので、６００ｍＡ／μｓを超える傾きで増加させる場合に比べ、作業音を低くできる。 According to this aspect, when the current rise step is executed, when the welding current is increased from a negative value to the first current value, from the time when the welding current reaches the second current value to the time when the welding current reaches the first current value. During the period, the welding current is increased at a second inclination of 600 mA / μs or less, so that the working noise can be lowered as compared with the case where the welding current is increased at an inclination of more than 600 mA / μs.
　また、電流立上げステップを実行する場合には、溶接電流を負の値から第１電流値まで増加させる際、溶接電流が第２電流値に達するまでは、溶接電流を第２の傾きよりも大きい第１の傾きで増加させるので、第２の傾きで増加させる場合に比べ、母材の溶融を速くし、作業効率を向上できる。 Further, when the current rise step is executed, when the welding current is increased from a negative value to the first current value, the welding current is set to be smaller than the second slope until the welding current reaches the second current value. Since the current is increased with a large first inclination, the base metal can be melted faster and the work efficiency can be improved as compared with the case of increasing with the second inclination.
　また、電流立上げステップを実行する場合には、第２電流値を第１電流値の０．６倍以上とするので、第２電流値を第１電流値の０．６倍未満にした場合に比べ、母材の溶融を速くし、作業効率を向上できるとともに、溶接電流が小さい期間を短縮し、アーク切れを起こりにくくできる。また、第２電流値を第１電流値の０．９倍以下とするので、第２電流値を第１電流値の０．９倍よりも大きくした場合に比べ、作業音が低くなる期間を長くできる。 Further, when the current rise step is executed, the second current value is 0.6 times or more the first current value, so that the second current value is less than 0.6 times the first current value. In comparison with the above, the base metal can be melted faster, the work efficiency can be improved, the period when the welding current is small can be shortened, and the arc breakage can be less likely to occur. In addition, since the second current value is 0.9 times or less of the first current value, the period during which the work noise is lower than when the second current value is larger than 0.9 times the first current value is set. You can make it longer.
　一方、電流立下げステップを実行する場合には、溶接電流を正の値から第３電流値まで減少させる際、溶接電流が第４電流値に達してから第３電流値に達するまでの間、溶接電流を－６００ｍＡ／μｓ以上の第４の傾きで減少させるので、－６００ｍＡ／μｓ未満の傾きで増加させる場合に比べ、作業音を低くできる。 On the other hand, when the current reduction step is executed, when the welding current is reduced from the positive value to the third current value, the welding current reaches the fourth current value and the third current value. Since the welding current is decreased at the fourth inclination of −600 mA / μs or more, the working noise can be lowered as compared with the case of increasing at the inclination of less than −600 mA / μs.
　また、電流立下げステップを実行する場合には、溶接電流を正の値から第３電流値まで減少させる際、溶接電流が第４電流値に達するまでは、溶接電流を第４の傾きよりも小さい第３の傾きで減少させるので、第４の傾きで減少させる場合に比べ、アーク切れを起こりにくくできる。 Further, when the current reduction step is executed, when the welding current is reduced from the positive value to the third current value, the welding current is set to be smaller than the fourth slope until the welding current reaches the fourth current value. Since the current is reduced by a small third tilt, arc breakage can be less likely to occur as compared with the case where the current is reduced by a fourth tilt.
　また、電流立下げステップを実行する場合には、第４電流値を第３電流値の０．６倍以下とするので、第４電流値を第３電流値の０．６倍より大きくした場合に比べ、溶接電流の絶対値が小さい期間を短縮し、アーク切れを起こりにくくできる。また、第４電流値を第３電流値の０．９倍以上とするので、第４電流値を第３電流値の０．９倍未満にした場合に比べ、作業音が低くなる期間を長くできる。 Further, when the current reduction step is executed, the fourth current value is 0.6 times or less of the third current value, so that the fourth current value is larger than 0.6 times the third current value. Compared with this, the period during which the absolute value of the welding current is small can be shortened, and arc breakage can be less likely to occur. Further, since the 4th current value is 0.9 times or more the 3rd current value, the period during which the work noise is low is longer than when the 4th current value is less than 0.9 times the 3rd current value. can.
　本開示の第２の態様は、交流の溶接電流によって電極と母材との間にアークを発生させて溶接を行う交流アーク溶接方法であって、前記溶接電流を、第１パルス期間だけ所定の正の設定電流値の１．１５倍以上１．６倍以下の電流値とする第１ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び前記溶接電流を、第２パルス期間だけ前記設定電流値の０．６倍以上０．９倍以下の電流値とする第１ベース電流印可ステップを、前記溶接電流を負の値から正の値に立ち上げてから次に負の値に立ち下げるまでの間に、２回以上交互に実行する第１パルス電流印可ステップと、前記溶接電流を、第３パルス期間だけ前記設定電流値の－１．２倍以下－１．８倍以上の電流値とする第２ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び前記溶接電流を、第４パルス期間だけ前記設定電流値の－０．６倍以下－０．９倍以上の電流値とする第２ベース電流印可ステップを、前記溶接電流を正の値から負の値に立ち下げてから次に正の値に立ち上げるまでの間に、１回ずつ交互に実行する第２パルス電流印可ステップとを実行することを特徴とする。 The second aspect of the present disclosure is an AC arc welding method in which an arc is generated between the electrode and the base metal by an AC welding current to perform welding, and the welding current is applied to a predetermined value only during the first pulse period. The first peak current application step in which the current value is 1.15 times or more and 1.6 times or less the positive set current value, and the welding current is 0.6 times or more and 0 times the set current value for the second pulse period. . The first base current application step with a current value of 9 times or less is alternated two or more times between the time when the welding current is increased from a negative value to a positive value and the time when the welding current is decreased from a negative value to the next negative value. The first pulse current application step to be executed, and the second peak current application step in which the welding current is set to a current value of −1.2 times or less and −1.8 times or more of the set current value for the third pulse period. In the second base current application step in which the welding current is set to a current value of −0.6 times or less and −0.9 times or more of the set current value for the fourth pulse period, the welding current is negative from a positive value. It is characterized in that the second pulse current application step, which is alternately executed once, is executed between the time when the value is lowered to the value of 1 and the time when the value is raised to the next positive value.
　この態様によると、第１ピーク電流印可ステップで、溶加棒を溶融させるための熱を溶加棒に多く与えるとともに、電磁ピンチ力の増大によりアークの出力指向性を高め、溶滴のスムーズな移行を促進できるので、溶接電流を常に設定電流値にする場合に比べ、溶融速度を高められる。また、第１ピーク電流印可ステップで、溶接電流を設定電流値よりも大きくしても、第１ベース電流印可ステップで、溶接電流を設定電流値より小さくするので、第１パルス電流印可ステップ実行中における溶接電流の実効値を設定電流値に近づけることができる。 According to this aspect, in the first peak current application step, a large amount of heat for melting the filler rod is given to the filler rod, and the output directivity of the arc is enhanced by increasing the electromagnetic pinch force, so that the droplets are smooth. Since the transition can be promoted, the melting rate can be increased as compared with the case where the welding current is always set to the set current value. Further, even if the welding current is made larger than the set current value in the first peak current applying step, the welding current is made smaller than the set current value in the first base current applying step, so that the first pulse current applying step is being executed. The effective value of the welding current in can be brought close to the set current value.
　また、第２パルス電流印可ステップを実行する場合には、第２ピーク電流印可ステップで、電磁ピンチ力の増大によりアークの出力指向性を高め、溶接電流を常に設定電流値にする場合に比べ、クリーニング作用を促進できる。また、第２ピーク電流印可ステップで、溶接電流を設定電流値の－１倍より小さくしても、第２ベース電流印可ステップで、溶接電流を設定電流値の－１倍より大きくするので、第２パルス電流印可ステップ実行中における溶接電流の実効値を設定電流値の－１倍に近づけることができる。 Further, when the second pulse current application step is executed, the arc output directivity is increased by increasing the electromagnetic pinch force in the second peak current application step, and the welding current is always set to the set current value as compared with the case where the welding current is always set to the set current value. The cleaning action can be promoted. Further, even if the welding current is made smaller than -1 times the set current value in the second peak current applying step, the welding current is made larger than -1 times the set current value in the second base current applying step. The effective value of the welding current during the execution of the 2-pulse current application step can be made close to -1 times the set current value.
　また、第１ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び第１ベース電流印可ステップを２回以上実行するので、１回だけ実行する場合に比べ、溶融速度をより効果的に高められる。 Further, since the first peak current application step and the first base current application step are executed twice or more, the melting rate can be more effectively increased as compared with the case where the first peak current application step is executed only once.
　また、第２ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び第２ベース電流印可ステップをそれぞれ１回だけ実行するので、２回以上実行する場合に比べ、第３パルス期間を長くできる。したがって、設定電流値の－１倍よりも小さい電流値でクリーニングを行う期間を長くできるので、母材表面の酸化物をしっかり除去できる。また、溶接電流を負の値にする期間を、１周期の５０％未満の小さい割合に設定した場合でも、第２ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び第２ベース電流印可ステップをそれぞれ２回以上実行する場合に比べて、第３パルス期間及び第４パルス期間を長くできるので、第３パルス期間及び第４パルス期間が短過ぎて制御が困難になるのを防止できる。 Further, since the second peak current application step and the second base current application step are executed only once, the third pulse period can be lengthened as compared with the case where the second peak current application step and the second base current application step are executed twice or more. Therefore, since the cleaning period can be lengthened with a current value smaller than -1 times the set current value, the oxide on the surface of the base metal can be firmly removed. Further, even when the period for making the welding current a negative value is set to a small ratio of less than 50% in one cycle, the second peak current application step and the second base current application step are executed twice or more, respectively. Since the third pulse period and the fourth pulse period can be lengthened as compared with the above, it is possible to prevent the third pulse period and the fourth pulse period from becoming too short and difficult to control.
　本開示によれば、溶接の作業効率の悪化を抑制しつつ、作業音を低くできる。 According to this disclosure, it is possible to reduce the work noise while suppressing the deterioration of the welding work efficiency.
図１は、溶接装置の概略構成を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a welding apparatus. 図２は、溶接電源の回路図である。FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a welding power supply. 図３は、アーク溶接時における溶接電流の波形を示す図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a waveform of a welding current during arc welding.
　以下、本開示の実施形態について図面に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.
　図１は、溶接装置１を示す。この溶接装置１は、溶接トーチ１０と、溶接電源２０とを備えている。この溶接装置１は、溶接トーチ１０が非消耗電極式のトーチである交流ＴＩＧ溶接装置である。 FIG. 1 shows a welding device 1. The welding device 1 includes a welding torch 10 and a welding power source 20. This welding device 1 is an AC TIG welding device in which the welding torch 10 is a non-consumable electrode type torch.
　溶接トーチ１０は、図示しないガス供給装置から供給されるシールドガスＳＧを噴出するノズル１１を有している。ノズル１１の内側には、略筒状のコレット１２が、ノズル１１の噴出方向に沿うように配設されている。このコレット１２の内側には、棒状のタングステン電極ＴＥが固定されている。 The welding torch 10 has a nozzle 11 for ejecting a shield gas SG supplied from a gas supply device (not shown). Inside the nozzle 11, a substantially cylindrical collet 12 is arranged along the ejection direction of the nozzle 11. A rod-shaped tungsten electrode TE is fixed inside the collet 12.
　溶接電源２０は、溶接トーチ１０のタングステン電極ＴＥと母材Ｗとの間に交流電圧を印加することでアークＡを発生させる。 The welding power supply 20 generates an arc A by applying an AC voltage between the tungsten electrode TE of the welding torch 10 and the base metal W.
　作業者は、この溶接装置１によって、タングステン電極ＴＥと母材Ｗとの間にアークＡを発生させることにより、母材Ｗに溶融池Ｐを形成し、この溶融池Ｐに溶加棒Ｒを挿入することにより、溶接ビードを形成できる。 The worker forms a molten pool P in the base metal W by generating an arc A between the tungsten electrode TE and the base metal W by the welding device 1, and the filler rod R is placed in the molten pool P. By inserting, a weld bead can be formed.
　詳しくは、溶接電源２０は、図２に示すように、第１の整流平滑回路２１と、第１のインバータ回路２２と、第１のトランス２３と、第２の整流平滑回路２４と、第１及び第２のリアクトル２５，２６と、第２のインバータ回路２７と、制御装置３０とを備えている。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the welding power supply 20 includes a first rectifying smoothing circuit 21, a first inverter circuit 22, a first transformer 23, a second rectifying smoothing circuit 24, and a first. The second reactors 25 and 26, the second inverter circuit 27, and the control device 30 are provided.
　第１の整流平滑回路２１は、商用電源２から入力される入力交流電力を直流電力に変換して出力する。 The first rectifying smoothing circuit 21 converts the input AC power input from the commercial power supply 2 into DC power and outputs it.
　第１のインバータ回路２２は、例えば、単相フルブリッジ型のＰＷＭ制御インバータであり、４つのスイッチング素子（図示せず）を備えている。第１のインバータ回路２２は、これら４つのスイッチング素子を、制御装置３０によって出力されるスイッチング信号ＳＧ１に応じてスイッチングさせることで、第１の整流平滑回路２１によって出力された直流電力を交流電力に変換して出力する。ここで、第１のインバータ回路２２の出力電圧を第１の交流電圧とする。なお、第１のインバータ回路２２として、ハーフブリッジ型のインバータ等、他の構成のインバータ回路を用いてもよい。 The first inverter circuit 22 is, for example, a single-phase full-bridge type PWM control inverter, and includes four switching elements (not shown). The first inverter circuit 22 switches these four switching elements according to the switching signal SG1 output by the control device 30, so that the DC power output by the first rectifying smoothing circuit 21 becomes AC power. Convert and output. Here, the output voltage of the first inverter circuit 22 is taken as the first AC voltage. As the first inverter circuit 22, an inverter circuit having another configuration such as a half-bridge type inverter may be used.
　第１のトランス２３は、第１のインバータ回路２２によって出力された第１の交流電圧を第２の交流電圧に変化させて出力する。第１のトランス２３は、第１の一次コイル２３ａと第１の二次コイル２３ｂとを有している。第１の一次コイル２３ａには、第１のインバータ回路２２によって出力された第１の交流電圧が印可される。第１の二次コイル２３ｂの電圧は、第２の交流電圧となる。 The first transformer 23 changes the first AC voltage output by the first inverter circuit 22 to the second AC voltage and outputs it. The first transformer 23 has a first primary coil 23a and a first secondary coil 23b. A first AC voltage output by the first inverter circuit 22 is applied to the first primary coil 23a. The voltage of the first secondary coil 23b becomes the second AC voltage.
　第２の整流平滑回路２４は、第１のトランス２３によって出力された第２の交流電圧を第１の直流電圧に変換して正出力端子２４ａ及び負出力端子２４ｂから出力する。第２の整流平滑回路２４は、４つのダイオード２４ｃからなるダイオードブリッジ回路である。 The second rectifying smoothing circuit 24 converts the second AC voltage output by the first transformer 23 into the first DC voltage and outputs it from the positive output terminal 24a and the negative output terminal 24b. The second rectifying smoothing circuit 24 is a diode bridge circuit composed of four diodes 24c.
　第２のインバータ回路２７は、単相ハーフブリッジ型のインバータ回路である。第２のインバータ回路２７は、第１及び第２の入力端子２７１，２７２と、第１及び第２の入力端子２７１，２７２間に互いに直列に接続された上アームスイッチング素子２７３及び下アームスイッチング素子２７４とを備えている。上アームスイッチング素子２７３には、制御装置３０によって出力される極性切替信号ＳＧ２が入力される一方、下アームスイッチング素子２７４には、極性切替信号ＳＧ２を反転させた信号が入力される。第２のインバータ回路２７の第１の入力端子２７１は、第１のリアクトル２５を介して第２の整流平滑回路２４の正出力端子２４ａに接続されている。第２のインバータ回路２７の第２の入力端子２７２は、第２のリアクトル２６を介して第２の整流平滑回路２４の負出力端子２４ｂに接続されている。第２のインバータ回路２７の出力端子２７５は、母材Ｗに接続されている。 The second inverter circuit 27 is a single-phase half-bridge type inverter circuit. The second inverter circuit 27 includes an upper arm switching element 273 and a lower arm switching element connected in series between the first and second input terminals 271,272 and the first and second input terminals 271,272. It is equipped with 274. The polarity switching signal SG2 output by the control device 30 is input to the upper arm switching element 273, while the signal obtained by inverting the polarity switching signal SG2 is input to the lower arm switching element 274. The first input terminal 271 of the second inverter circuit 27 is connected to the positive output terminal 24a of the second rectifying smoothing circuit 24 via the first reactor 25. The second input terminal 272 of the second inverter circuit 27 is connected to the negative output terminal 24b of the second rectifying smoothing circuit 24 via the second reactor 26. The output terminal 275 of the second inverter circuit 27 is connected to the base material W.
　したがって、上アームスイッチング素子２７３をオンし、かつ下アームスイッチング素子２７４をオフした状態で、第２のインバータ回路２７は、母材Ｗをタングステン電極ＴＥよりも高電位とする一方、上アームスイッチング素子２７３をオフし、かつ下アームスイッチング素子２７４をオンした状態で、第２のインバータ回路２７は、母材Ｗをタングステン電極ＴＥよりも低電位とする。所定の周期でハイレベルとローレベルとに切り替わるパルス信号を極性切替信号ＳＧ２として第２のインバータ回路２７に入力すると、第２のインバータ回路２７は、母材Ｗとタングステン電極ＴＥとの間に印可される交流電圧の極性を、タングステン電極ＴＥが母材Ｗよりも低電位となるＥＮ（電極マイナス）極性と、タングステン電極ＴＥが母材Ｗよりも高電位となるＥＰ（電極プラス）極性とに周期的に切り替える。これにより、母材Ｗとタングステン電極ＴＥとの間に交流の溶接電流が流れる。 Therefore, with the upper arm switching element 273 turned on and the lower arm switching element 274 turned off, the second inverter circuit 27 sets the base material W to a higher potential than the tungsten electrode TE, while the upper arm switching element. With the 273 turned off and the lower arm switching element 274 turned on, the second inverter circuit 27 sets the base material W to a lower potential than the tungsten electrode TE. When a pulse signal that switches between high level and low level in a predetermined cycle is input to the second inverter circuit 27 as the polarity switching signal SG2, the second inverter circuit 27 can be applied between the base material W and the tungsten electrode TE. The polarity of the AC voltage is set to the EN (electrode minus) polarity at which the tungsten electrode TE has a lower potential than the base material W and the EP (electrode plus) polarity at which the tungsten electrode TE has a higher potential than the base material W. Switch periodically. As a result, an alternating current welding current flows between the base metal W and the tungsten electrode TE.
　制御装置３０は、溶接電流Ｉを制御する。制御装置３０には、ユーザにより、図示しない入力手段を用いて所定の正の第１電流値Ｉ１が入力され、設定電流値として設定される。詳しくは、制御装置３０は、図示しない電流センサから入力される溶接電流Ｉの測定値に基づいて、ＰＷＭ制御により、溶接電流Ｉの実効値が設定電流値となるように第１のインバータ回路２２にスイッチング信号ＳＧ１を出力するとともに、電極ＴＥと母材Ｗとの間に印可される交流電圧の極性を切り替える極性切替信号ＳＧ２を出力する。制御装置３０による溶接電流Ｉの制御は、上記スイッチング信号ＳＧ１及び極性切替信号ＳＧ２の出力により行われる。極性切替信号ＳＧ２の周波数、すなわち溶接電流の周波数は、１０Ｈｚ以上４００Ｈｚ以下に設定される。 The control device 30 controls the welding current I. A predetermined positive first current value I1 is input to the control device 30 by the user using an input means (not shown), and is set as a set current value. Specifically, the control device 30 is a first inverter circuit 22 so that the effective value of the welding current I becomes the set current value by PWM control based on the measured value of the welding current I input from the current sensor (not shown). In addition to outputting the switching signal SG1, the polarity switching signal SG2 for switching the polarity of the AC voltage applied between the electrode TE and the base material W is output. The welding current I is controlled by the control device 30 by the outputs of the switching signal SG1 and the polarity switching signal SG2. The frequency of the polarity switching signal SG2, that is, the frequency of the welding current is set to 10 Hz or more and 400 Hz or less.
　以下、図３を参照して、本開示の実施形態に係る交流アーク溶接方法によって溶接を行うときの制御装置３０による１周期Ｔ分の溶接電流の制御について説明する。 Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 3, the control of the welding current for one cycle T by the control device 30 when welding is performed by the AC arc welding method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.
　まず、タイミングｔＡにおいて、制御装置３０は、溶接電流を１．７Ａ/μsの第１の傾きＳ１で負の値から正の第１電流値Ｉ１の（１－α）倍の第２電流値Ｉ２まで増加させ、次いで、当該第２電流値Ｉ２から第１の傾きＳ１よりも小さい６０μＡ／μｓ以上６００ｍＡ／μｓ以下の第２の傾きＳ２で前記第１電流値Ｉ１まで第１傾斜期間ＳＰＥ１をかけて増加させる電流立上げステップを実行する。前記αは、０．１以上０．４以下に設定される。したがって、第２電流値Ｉ２は、第１電流値Ｉ１の０．６倍以上０．９倍以下となる。 First, at the timing tA, the control device 30 sets the welding current to a second current value I2 which is (1-α) times the positive first current value I1 from a negative value at the first slope S1 of 1.7 A / μs. Then, from the second current value I2 to the first slope S1 with a second slope S2 of 60 μA / μs or more and 600 mA / μs or less, which is smaller than the first slope S1, the first slope period SPE1 is applied to the first current value I1. And perform a current rise step to increase. The α is set to 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less. Therefore, the second current value I2 is 0.6 times or more and 0.9 times or less the first current value I1.
　このように、電流立上げステップにおいて、溶接電流を第２電流値Ｉ２から第１電流値Ｉ１まで６００ｍＡ／μｓ以下の第２の傾きＳ２で増加させるので、６００ｍＡ／μｓを超える傾きで増加させる場合に比べ、作業音を低くし、より柔らかい感覚を作業者に与えることができる。 In this way, in the current rise step, the welding current is increased from the second current value I2 to the first current value I1 with a second inclination S2 of 600 mA / μs or less. Compared to, the work noise can be lowered and the worker can be given a softer feeling.
　また、第２の傾きＳ２を６０μＡ／μｓ以上とするので、６０μＡ／μｓ未満とした場合に比べ、母材Ｗの溶融を速くできる。 Further, since the second inclination S2 is 60 μA / μs or more, the base material W can be melted faster than when it is less than 60 μA / μs.
　また、電流立上げステップにおいて、溶接電流を負の値から第２電流値Ｉ２まで１Ａ／μｓ以上の第１の傾きＳ１で増加させるので、第２の傾きＳ２で増加させる場合に比べ、母材Ｗの溶融を速くし、作業効率を向上できる。 Further, in the current rise step, the welding current is increased from the negative value to the second current value I2 at the first inclination S1 of 1 A / μs or more, so that the base metal is increased as compared with the case where the welding current is increased at the second inclination S2. The melting of W can be accelerated and the work efficiency can be improved.
　また、第２電流値Ｉ２を第１電流値Ｉ１の０．６倍以上とするので、第２電流値Ｉ２を第１電流値Ｉ１の０．６倍未満にした場合に比べ、母材Ｗの溶融を速くし、作業効率を向上できるとともに、溶接電流が小さい期間を短縮し、アーク切れを起こりにくくできる。また、第２電流値Ｉ２を第１電流値Ｉ１の０．９倍以下とするので、第２電流値Ｉ２を第１電流値Ｉ１の０．９倍よりも大きくした場合に比べ、作業音が低くなる期間を長くできる。 Further, since the second current value I2 is 0.6 times or more the first current value I1, the base material W has a base material W as compared with the case where the second current value I2 is less than 0.6 times the first current value I1. It is possible to speed up melting, improve work efficiency, shorten the period when the welding current is small, and prevent arc breakage. Further, since the second current value I2 is 0.9 times or less the first current value I1, the work noise is higher than when the second current value I2 is larger than 0.9 times the first current value I1. You can lengthen the period of low.
　次に、タイミングｔＢから、制御装置３０は、溶接電流を第１電流値Ｉ１の（１＋α／２＋β）倍の第１ピーク電流値Ｐ１に立ち上げ、第１パルス期間ＰＰＥ１だけ当該第１ピーク電流値Ｐ１とする第１ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び溶接電流を第１電流値Ｉ１の（１－β）倍の第１ベース電流値Ｂ１に立ち下げ、第２パルス期間ＰＰＥ２だけ当該第１ベース電流値Ｂ１とする第１ベース電流印可ステップを順に交互に２回ずつ実行する第１パルス電流印可ステップを実行する。上記βは、０．１以上０．４以下に設定される。したがって、第１ピーク電流値Ｐ１は、第１電流値Ｉ１の１．１５倍以上１．６倍以下となり、第１ベース電流値Ｂ１は、第１電流値Ｉ１の０．６倍以上０．９倍以下となる。 Next, from the timing tB, the control device 30 raises the welding current to the first peak current value P1 which is (1 + α / 2 + β) times the first current value I1, and the first peak current value only for the first pulse period PPE1. The first peak current application step set to P1 and the welding current are lowered to the first base current value B1 which is (1-β) times the first current value I1, and the first base current value B1 is applied only for the second pulse period PPE2. The first pulse current application step is executed by alternately executing the first base current application step twice in order. The above β is set to 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less. Therefore, the first peak current value P1 is 1.15 times or more and 1.6 times or less the first current value I1, and the first base current value B1 is 0.6 times or more and 0.9 times the first current value I1. It will be less than double.
　上記第１ピーク電流印可ステップでは、溶接電流を第１電流値Ｉ１よりも大きい第１ピーク電流値Ｐ１とすることにより、溶加棒Ｒを溶融させるための熱を溶加棒Ｒに多く与えるとともに、電磁ピンチ力の増大によりアークＡの出力指向性を高め、溶滴のスムーズな移行を促進できる。したがって、溶接電流を常に設定電流値（第１電流値Ｉ１）にする場合に比べ、溶融速度を高められる。また、第１ベース電流印可ステップで、溶接電流を第１電流値Ｉ１よりも小さい第１ベース電流値Ｂ１とするので、第１パルス電流印可ステップ実行中における溶接電流の実効値を設定電流値に近づけることができる。 In the first peak current application step, the welding current is set to the first peak current value P1 which is larger than the first current value I1, so that a large amount of heat for melting the filler rod R is given to the filler rod R. By increasing the electromagnetic pinch force, the output directivity of the arc A can be enhanced and the smooth transition of the droplets can be promoted. Therefore, the melting rate can be increased as compared with the case where the welding current is always set to the set current value (first current value I1). Further, since the welding current is set to the first base current value B1 smaller than the first current value I1 in the first base current application step, the effective value of the welding current during the execution of the first pulse current application step is set to the set current value. You can get closer.
　また、上記βを、０．１以上に設定したので、０．１未満に設定した場合に比べ、溶融速度を効果的に高められる。また、上記βを０．４以下に設定したので、０．４よりも大きく設定した場合に比べ、第１ピーク電流印可ステップでアークＡが強くなり過ぎるのを抑制し、タングステン電極ＴＥの消耗を遅くするとともに、作業者負担を軽減できる。 Further, since the above β is set to 0.1 or more, the melting rate can be effectively increased as compared with the case where it is set to less than 0.1. Further, since β is set to 0.4 or less, the arc A is suppressed from becoming too strong in the first peak current application step as compared with the case where it is set to be larger than 0.4, and the tungsten electrode TE is consumed. It can be slowed down and the burden on the operator can be reduced.
　そして、タイミングｔＣにおいて、制御装置３０は、溶接電流を第１ベース電流値Ｂ１から第１電流値Ｉ１に立ち上げる。そして、制御装置３０は、溶接電流を第１電流値Ｉ１から前記第２の傾きＳ２の－１倍の傾き、すなわち－６０μＡ／μｓ以下－６００ｍＡ／μｓ以上の傾き－Ｓ２で第１傾斜期間ＳＰＥ１の０．３５倍以上０．９５倍以下の減少期間ＤＰＥだけ減少させる電流減少ステップを実行する。次いで、制御装置３０は、電流減少ステップの実行直後のタイミングｔＤにおいて、溶接電流を、前記第１傾斜期間ＳＰＥ１の０．０５倍以上０．６５倍以下の立上げ期間ＲＰＥだけ前記第１電流値Ｉ１の１．０倍以上１．６５倍以下の正の立上げ電流値ＲＩとする。 Then, at the timing tC, the control device 30 raises the welding current from the first base current value B1 to the first current value I1. Then, the control device 30 adjusts the welding current from the first current value I1 to a slope -1 times that of the second slope S2, that is, a slope of −60 μA / μs or less and −600 mA / μs or more −S2, and the first tilt period SPE1. A current reduction step of reducing the current by the DPE for a reduction period of 0.35 times or more and 0.95 times or less is performed. Next, at the timing tD immediately after the execution of the current reduction step, the control device 30 applies the welding current to the first current value only for the start-up period RPE of 0.05 times or more and 0.65 times or less of the first inclination period SPE1. The positive rising current value RI of 1.0 times or more and 1.65 times or less of I1 is used.
　第１傾斜期間ＳＰＥ１及び減少期間ＤＰＥでは、溶接電流を第１電流値Ｉ１よりも小さくしているので、第１ピーク電流印可ステップで、溶接電流を第１電流値Ｉ１よりも大きくしても、溶接電流が正である期間における溶接電流の実効値を設定電流値（第１電流値Ｉ１）に近づけることができる。 Since the welding current is made smaller than the first current value I1 in the first inclination period SPE1 and the decreasing period DPE, even if the welding current is made larger than the first current value I1 in the first peak current application step. The effective value of the welding current during the period when the welding current is positive can be brought close to the set current value (first current value I1).
　その後、制御装置３０は、タイミングｔＥにおいて、溶接電流を立ち下げる。詳しくは、制御装置３０は、－１．７Ａ／μｓの第３の傾きＳ３で、正の立上げ電流値ＲＩから負の第３電流値Ｉ３の（１－γ）倍の第４電流値Ｉ４まで減少させ、次いで、当該第４電流値Ｉ４から第３の傾きＳ３よりも大きい－６０μＡ/μｓ以下－６００ｍＡ/μｓ以上の第４の傾きＳ４で前記第３電流値Ｉ３まで第２傾斜期間ＳＰＥ２をかけて減少させる電流立下げステップを実行する。第３電流値Ｉ３は、第１電流値Ｉ１（設定電流値）の－１倍の値である。上記γは、０．１以上０．４以下に設定される。したがって、第４電流値Ｉ４は、第３電流値Ｉ３の０．６倍以下０．９倍以上となる。 After that, the control device 30 lowers the welding current at the timing tE. Specifically, the control device 30 has a third slope S3 of -1.7 A / μs, and a fourth current value I4 which is (1-γ) times the negative third current value I3 from the positive rising current value RI. Then, from the fourth current value I4 to the third slope S3, which is larger than the third slope S3 and has a fourth slope S4 of -60 μA / μs or less and -600 mA / μs or more, the second slope period SPE2. Perform a current reduction step to reduce. The third current value I3 is a value -1 times the first current value I1 (set current value). The above γ is set to 0.1 or more and 0.4 or less. Therefore, the fourth current value I4 is 0.6 times or less and 0.9 times or more the third current value I3.
　このように、電流立上げステップを実行してから次に溶接電流を負の値に立ち下げるまでの間に、電流減少ステップが実行され、溶接電流を正の値から負の値に立ち下げる直前に、溶接電流が立上げ電流値ＲＩに一旦立ち上げられる。 In this way, between the execution of the current rise step and the next reduction of the welding current to a negative value, the current reduction step is executed, and immediately before the welding current is reduced from a positive value to a negative value. In addition, the welding current is once started up to the start-up current value RI.
　このように、電流減少ステップの実行直後に、溶接電流を、設定電流値（第１電流値Ｉ１）よりも低い電流値から第１電流値Ｉ１の１．０倍以上１．６５倍以下の立上げ電流値ＲＩに一旦立ち上げるので、電流減少ステップの実行直後に、溶接電流を負の値に立ち下げる場合に比べ、第３の傾きＳ３が急峻に（小さく）なり、アーク切れが発生しにくい。 In this way, immediately after executing the current reduction step, the welding current is set from a current value lower than the set current value (first current value I1) to 1.0 times or more and 1.65 times or less the first current value I1. Since the current is raised to the rising current value RI once, the third inclination S3 becomes steeper (smaller) and arc breakage is less likely to occur as compared with the case where the welding current is lowered to a negative value immediately after the current reduction step is executed. ..
　なお、電流減少ステップの実行直後に、溶接電流を立上げ電流値ＲＩに一旦立ち上げず、溶接電流を負の値まで立ち下げるようにしてもよい。この場合、減少期間ＤＰＥを、第１傾斜期間ＳＰＥ１の０．９５倍以上１倍以下に設定してもよい。 Immediately after the execution of the current reduction step, the welding current may not be raised to the rising current value RI once, but the welding current may be lowered to a negative value. In this case, the reduction period DPE may be set to 0.95 times or more and 1 times or less the first inclination period SPE1.
　また、電流立下げステップにおいて、溶接電流を第４電流値Ｉ４から第３電流値Ｉ３まで－６００ｍＡ/μｓ以上の第４の傾きＳ４で減少させるので、－６００ｍＡ/μｓ未満の傾きで増加させる場合に比べ、作業音を低くし、より柔らかい感覚を作業者に与えることができる。 Further, in the current reduction step, the welding current is decreased from the fourth current value I4 to the third current value I3 at the fourth inclination S4 of −600 mA / μs or more, so that the welding current is increased at an inclination of less than −600 mA / μs. Compared to, the work noise can be lowered and the worker can be given a softer feeling.
　また、第４の傾きＳ４を－６０μＡ／μｓ以下とするので、－６０μＡ／μｓを超える傾きとした場合に比べ、アーク切れを起こりにくくできる。 Further, since the fourth slope S4 is set to -60 μA / μs or less, arc breakage can be less likely to occur as compared with the case where the slope exceeds -60 μA / μs.
　また、電流立下げステップにおいて、溶接電流を正の値から第４電流値Ｉ４まで－１Ａ／μｓ以下の第３の傾きＳ３で減少させるので、第４の傾きＳ４で減少させる場合に比べ、アーク切れを起こりにくくできる。 Further, in the current reduction step, the welding current is reduced from the positive value to the fourth current value I4 at the third slope S3 of -1A / μs or less, so that the arc is compared with the case where the welding current is reduced at the fourth slope S4. It can be less likely to break.
　また、第４電流値Ｉ４を第３電流値Ｉ３の０．６倍以下０．９倍以上とするので、第４電流値Ｉ４を第３電流値Ｉ３の０．６倍より大きくした場合に比べ、溶接電流の絶対値が小さい期間を短縮し、アーク切れを起こりにくくできる。また、第４電流値Ｉ４を第３電流値Ｉ３の０．９倍未満にした場合に比べ、作業音が低くなる期間を長くできる。 Further, since the fourth current value I4 is 0.6 times or less and 0.9 times or more the third current value I3, compared with the case where the fourth current value I4 is larger than 0.6 times the third current value I3. , The period during which the absolute value of the welding current is small can be shortened, and arc breakage can be less likely to occur. Further, as compared with the case where the fourth current value I4 is less than 0.9 times the third current value I3, the period during which the work noise is low can be lengthened.
　次に、タイミングｔＦから、制御装置３０は、溶接電流を前記第３電流値Ｉ３の（１＋γ＋σ）倍の第２ピーク電流値Ｐ２に立ち下げ、第３パルス期間ＰＰＥ３だけ当該第２ピーク電流値Ｐ２とする第２ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び前記溶接電流を第３電流値Ｉ３の（１－σ）倍の第２ベース電流値Ｂ２に立ち上げ、第４パルス期間ＰＰＥ４だけ当該第２ベース電流値Ｂ２とする第２ベース電流印可ステップを、順に交互に１回だけ実行する第２パルス電流印可ステップを実行する。上記σは、０．１～０．４に設定される。したがって、第２ピーク電流値Ｐ２は、第３電流値Ｉ３の１．２倍以下１．８倍以上、すなわち設定電流値（第１電流値Ｉ１）の－１．２倍以下－１．８倍以上となる。第２ベース電流値Ｂ２は、第３電流値Ｉ３の０．６倍以下０．９倍以上、すなわち設定電流値（第１電流値Ｉ１）の－０．６倍以下－０．９倍以上となる。 Next, from the timing tF, the control device 30 lowers the welding current to the second peak current value P2, which is (1 + γ + σ) times the third current value I3, and the second peak current value P2 only for the third pulse period PPE3. In the second peak current application step, and the welding current is raised to the second base current value B2, which is (1-σ) times the third current value I3, and the second base current value B2 is applied only during the fourth pulse period PPE4. The second pulse current application step is executed, in which the second base current application step is alternately executed only once. The above σ is set to 0.1 to 0.4. Therefore, the second peak current value P2 is 1.2 times or less and 1.8 times or more the third current value I3, that is, -1.2 times or less and 1.8 times the set current value (first current value I1). That is all. The second base current value B2 is 0.6 times or less and 0.9 times or more the third current value I3, that is, -0.6 times or less and -0.9 times or more the set current value (first current value I1). Become.
　上記第２ピーク電流印可ステップでは、溶接電流を第３電流値Ｉ３よりも小さい第２ピーク電流値Ｐ２とすることにより、電磁ピンチ力の増大によりアークＡの出力指向性を高められる。したがって、溶接電流を常に第３電流値Ｉ３（設定電流値の－１倍）にする場合に比べ、クリーニング作用を促進できる。第２ピーク電流値Ｐ２は、必要となるクリーニング作用の程度に応じて、第１ピーク電流値Ｐ１とは独立に設定される。また、第２ベース電流印可ステップで、溶接電流を第３電流値Ｉ３よりも大きい第２ベース電流値Ｂ２とするので、第２パルス電流印可ステップ実行中における溶接電流の実効値を設定電流値の－１倍に近づけることができる。 In the second peak current application step, the welding current is set to the second peak current value P2, which is smaller than the third current value I3, so that the output directivity of the arc A can be enhanced by increasing the electromagnetic pinch force. Therefore, the cleaning action can be promoted as compared with the case where the welding current is always set to the third current value I3 (-1 times the set current value). The second peak current value P2 is set independently of the first peak current value P1 according to the degree of cleaning action required. Further, in the second base current application step, the welding current is set to the second base current value B2, which is larger than the third current value I3. Therefore, the effective value of the welding current during the execution of the second pulse current application step is the set current value. It can be approached by -1 times.
　そして、タイミングｔＧにおいて、制御装置３０は、溶接電流を第２ベース電流値Ｂ２から第３電流値Ｉ３に立ち下げる。そして、制御装置３０は、溶接電流を第３電流値Ｉ３から前記第４の傾きＳ４の－１倍の傾き、すなわち６０μＡ／μｓ以上６００ｍＡ／μｓ以下の傾きで第２傾斜期間ＳＰＥ２の０．３５倍以上０．９５倍以下の増加期間ＩＰＥだけ増加させる電流増加ステップを実行する。次いで、制御装置３０は、電流増加ステップの実行直後のタイミングｔＨにおいて、溶接電流を、前記第２傾斜期間ＳＰＥ２の０．０５倍以上０．６５倍以下の立下げ期間ＦＰＥだけ前記第３電流値Ｉ３の１．０倍以下１．６５倍以上の立下げ電流値ＦＩとし、その後、タイミングｔＡからの動作を繰り返す。つまり、制御装置３０は、溶接電流を１．７Ａ／μｓの第１の傾きＳ１で立下げ電流値ＦＩから正の第２電流値Ｉ２まで立ち上げる。 Then, at the timing tG, the control device 30 lowers the welding current from the second base current value B2 to the third current value I3. Then, the control device 30 adjusts the welding current from the third current value I3 to a slope -1 times that of the fourth slope S4, that is, a slope of 60 μA / μs or more and 600 mA / μs or less, and 0.35 of the second slope period SPE2. A current increase step of increasing by IPE for an increase period of doubling or more and 0.95 times or less is performed. Next, at the timing tH immediately after the execution of the current increase step, the control device 30 applies the welding current to the third current value only for the fall period FPE of 0.05 times or more and 0.65 times or less of the second inclination period SPE2. The falling current value FI is 1.0 times or less and 1.65 times or more of I3, and then the operation from the timing tA is repeated. That is, the control device 30 raises the welding current from the falling current value FI to the positive second current value I2 at the first inclination S1 of 1.7 A / μs.
　このように、電流立下げステップを実行してから次に溶接電流を正の値に立ち上げるまでの間に、電流増加ステップが実行され、溶接電流を負の値から正の値に立ち上げる直前に、溶接電流が立下げ電流値ＦＩに一旦立ち下げられる。 In this way, between the execution of the current reduction step and the next increase in the welding current to a positive value, the current increase step is executed, and immediately before the welding current is increased from a negative value to a positive value. In addition, the welding current is temporarily reduced to the falling current value FI.
　このように、電流増加ステップの実行直後に、溶接電流を、設定電流値の－１倍よりも高い電流値から第３電流値Ｉ３の１．０倍以下１．６５倍以上の立下げ電流値ＦＩに一旦立ち下げるので、電流増加ステップの実行直後に、溶接電流を正の値に立ち上げる場合に比べ、第１の傾きＳ１が急峻に（大きく）なり、アーク切れが発生しにくい。 In this way, immediately after executing the current increase step, the welding current is changed from a current value higher than -1 times the set current value to a falling current value 1.0 times or less and 1.65 times or more the third current value I3. Since the current is once lowered to FI, the first inclination S1 becomes steeper (larger) and arc breakage is less likely to occur as compared with the case where the welding current is raised to a positive value immediately after the execution of the current increase step.
　なお、電流増加ステップの実行直後に、溶接電流を立下げ電流値ＦＩに一旦立ち下げず、溶接電流を正の値まで立ち上げるようにしてもよい。この場合、増加期間ＩＰＥを、第２傾斜期間ＳＰＥ２の０．９５倍以上１倍以下に設定してもよい。 Immediately after the execution of the current increase step, the welding current may be lowered to a positive value without temporarily dropping to the current value FI. In this case, the increase period IPE may be set to 0.95 times or more and 1 times or less the second slope period SPE2.
　また、第２傾斜期間ＳＰＥ２及び増加期間ＩＰＥでは、溶接電流を第３電流値Ｉ３よりも大きくしているので、第２ピーク電流印可ステップで、溶接電流を第３電流値Ｉ３よりも小さくしても、溶接電流が負である期間における溶接電流の実効値を設定電流値の－１倍（第３電流値Ｉ３）に近づけることができる。 Further, in the second inclination period SPE2 and the increase period IPE, the welding current is made larger than the third current value I3, so that the welding current is made smaller than the third current value I3 in the second peak current application step. Also, the effective value of the welding current during the period when the welding current is negative can be brought close to -1 times the set current value (third current value I3).
　ここで、タイミングｔＡから次のタイミングｔＥまでの期間、すなわち、１周期Ｔのうち、母材Ｗとタングステン電極ＴＥとの間に印可される交流電圧の極性がＥＮ極性となる期間を、ＥＮ（電極マイナス）期間Ｔｅｎと呼ぶ。また、タイミングｔＥから次のタイミングｔＡまでの期間、すなわち、１周期Ｔのうち、母材Ｗとタングステン電極ＴＥとの間に印可される交流電圧の極性がＥＰ極性となる期間を、ＥＰ（電極プラス）期間Ｔｅｐと呼ぶ。ＥＮ期間Ｔｅｎは、１周期Ｔの９０～５０％に設定され、ＥＰ期間Ｔｅｐは、１周期Ｔの１０～５０％に設定される。図３の例では、ＥＮ期間Ｔｅｎ及びＥＰ期間Ｔｅｐは、それぞれ１周期の５０％に設定されている。 Here, the period from the timing tA to the next timing tE, that is, the period in which the polarity of the AC voltage applied between the base metal W and the tungsten electrode TE in one cycle T becomes the EN polarity is set to EN ( Electrode minus) Period Ten is called. Further, the period from the timing tE to the next timing tA, that is, the period in which the polarity of the AC voltage applied between the base material W and the tungsten electrode TE in one cycle T becomes the EP polarity is EP (electrode). Plus) Called period Tep. The EN period Ten is set to 90 to 50% of one cycle T, and the EP period Tep is set to 10 to 50% of one cycle T. In the example of FIG. 3, the EN period Ten and the EP period Tep are each set to 50% of one cycle.
　第１傾斜期間ＳＰＥ１、各第１パルス期間ＰＰＥ１、及び各第２パルス期間ＰＰＥ２は、ＥＮ期間Ｔｅｎの約１／６に設定される。減少期間ＤＰＥと立上げ期間ＲＰＥとの合計も、ＥＮ期間Ｔｅｎの約１／６に設定される。溶接電流の周波数は、１０～４００Ｈｚに設定されるので、第１傾斜期間ＳＰＥ１と、各第１パルス期間ＰＰＥ１と、各第２パルス期間ＰＰＥ２と、減少期間ＤＰＥ及び立上げ期間ＲＰＥの合計とは、それぞれ２００μｓ以上１５ｍｓ以下となる。 The first gradient period SPE1, each first pulse period PPE1, and each second pulse period PPE2 are set to about 1/6 of the EN period Ten. The sum of the reduction period DPE and the start-up period RPE is also set to about 1/6 of the EN period Ten. Since the frequency of the welding current is set to 10 to 400 Hz, the total of the first inclination period SPE1, each first pulse period PPE1, each second pulse period PPE2, the decrease period DPE and the start-up period RPE is , 200 μs or more and 15 ms or less, respectively.
　第２傾斜期間ＳＰＥ２、第３パルス期間ＰＰＥ３、及び第４パルス期間ＰＰＥ４は、ＥＰ期間Ｔｅｐの約１／４に設定される。増加期間ＩＰＥと立下げ期間ＦＰＥとの合計も、ＥＰ期間Ｔｅｐの約１／４に設定される。溶接電流の周波数は、１０～４００Ｈｚに設定されるので、第２傾斜期間ＳＰＥ２と、第３パルス期間ＰＰＥ３と、第４パルス期間ＰＰＥ４と、増加期間ＩＰＥ及び立下げ期間ＦＰＥの合計とは、それぞれ６０μｓ以上１２．５ｍｓ以下となる。 The second slope period SPE2, the third pulse period PPE3, and the fourth pulse period PPE4 are set to about 1/4 of the EP period Tep. The sum of the increase period IPE and the start-up period FPE is also set to about 1/4 of the EP period Tep. Since the frequency of the welding current is set to 10 to 400 Hz, the sum of the second inclination period SPE2, the third pulse period PPE3, the fourth pulse period PPE4, the increase period IPE and the fall period FPE, respectively. It will be 60 μs or more and 12.5 ms or less.
　立上げ期間ＲＰＥ及び立下げ期間ＦＰＥは、周波数１０Ｈｚ～６００Ｈｚの場合、１６０μｓ～６２０μｓに設定される。 The start-up period RPE and the start-up period FPE are set to 160 μs to 620 μs when the frequency is 10 Hz to 600 Hz.
　したがって、本実施形態によると、電流立上げステップを実行してから次に溶接電流を負の値に立ち下げるまでの間に、第１ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び第１ベース電流印可ステップを２回実行するので、１回だけ実行する場合に比べ、溶融速度をより効果的に高められる。 Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the first peak current application step and the first base current application step are performed twice between the execution of the current rise step and the next reduction of the welding current to a negative value. Since it is executed, the melting rate can be increased more effectively than when it is executed only once.
　また、電流立下げステップを実行してから次に溶接電流を正の値に立ち上げるまでの間に第２ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び第２ベース電流印可ステップをそれぞれ１回だけ実行するので、２回以上実行する場合に比べ、溶接電流を第２ピーク電流値Ｐ２に維持する第３パルス期間ＰＰＥ３を長くできる。したがって、第２ピーク電流値Ｐ２でクリーニングを行う期間を長くできるので、母材Ｗ表面の酸化物をしっかり除去できる。また、ＥＰ期間Ｔｅｐを、１周期Ｔの５０％未満の小さい割合に設定した場合でも、第２ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び第２ベース電流印可ステップをそれぞれ２回以上実行する場合に比べて、１つの第３パルス期間ＰＰＥ３及び１つの第４パルス期間ＰＰＥ４を長くできるので、第３パルス期間ＰＰＥ３及び第４パルス期間ＰＰＥ４が短過ぎて制御が困難になるのを防止できる。 Further, since the second peak current application step and the second base current application step are executed only once between the execution of the current reduction step and the next increase in the welding current to a positive value, 2 The third pulse period PPE3 for maintaining the welding current at the second peak current value P2 can be lengthened as compared with the case where the welding current is executed more than once. Therefore, since the cleaning period can be lengthened at the second peak current value P2, the oxide on the surface of the base material W can be firmly removed. Further, even when the EP period Tep is set to a small ratio of less than 50% of one cycle T, 1 is compared with the case where the second peak current application step and the second base current application step are executed twice or more. Since one third pulse period PPE3 and one fourth pulse period PPE4 can be lengthened, it is possible to prevent the third pulse period PPE3 and the fourth pulse period PPE4 from becoming too short and difficult to control.
　なお、上記実施形態では、各第１パルス期間ＰＰＥ１を、ＥＮ期間Ｔｅｎの約１／６に設定したが、１／３０以上１／６以下の他の割合に設定してもよい。 In the above embodiment, each first pulse period PPE1 is set to about 1/6 of the EN period Ten, but it may be set to another ratio of 1/30 or more and 1/6 or less.
　同様に、上記実施形態では、各第２パルス期間ＰＰＥ２を、ＥＮ期間Ｔｅｎの約１／６に設定したが、１／６以上３／１０以下の他の割合に設定してもよい。 Similarly, in the above embodiment, each second pulse period PPE2 is set to about 1/6 of the EN period Ten, but it may be set to another ratio of 1/6 or more and 3/10 or less.
　また、上記実施形態では、各第３パルス期間ＰＰＥ３を、ＥＰ期間Ｔｅｐの約１／４に設定したが、１／２０以上１／４以下の他の割合に設定してもよい。 Further, in the above embodiment, each third pulse period PPE3 is set to about 1/4 of the EP period Tep, but it may be set to another ratio of 1/20 or more and 1/4 or less.
　同様に、上記実施形態では、各第４パルス期間ＰＰＥ４を、ＥＰ期間Ｔｅｐの約１／４に設定したが、１／４以上９／２０以下の他の割合に設定してもよい。 Similarly, in the above embodiment, each fourth pulse period PPE4 is set to about 1/4 of the EP period Tep, but it may be set to another ratio of 1/4 or more and 9/20 or less.
　また、上記実施形態では、第１パルス電流印可ステップで実行する２回の第１ピーク電流印可ステップにおいて、溶接電流を共通の第１ピーク電流値Ｐ１としたが、設定電流値の１．１５倍以上１．６倍以下の電流値であれば、互いに異なる電流値としてもよい。 Further, in the above embodiment, the welding current is set to the common first peak current value P1 in the two first peak current application steps executed in the first pulse current application step, but 1.15 times the set current value. As long as the current values are 1.6 times or more, the current values may be different from each other.
　同様に、第１パルス電流印可ステップで実行する２回の第１ベース電流印可ステップにおいて、溶接電流を共通の第１ベース電流値Ｂ１としたが、設定電流値の０．６倍以上０．９倍以下の電流値であれば、互いに異なる電流値としてもよい。 Similarly, in the two first base current application steps executed in the first pulse current application step, the welding current is set to the common first base current value B1, but the set current value is 0.6 times or more and 0.9. If the current values are double or less, the current values may be different from each other.
　また、上記実施形態では、制御装置３０が、電流立上げステップと電流立下げステップの両方、及び電流減少ステップと電流増加ステップの両方を実行したが、電流立上げステップ及び電流減少ステップだけを実行し、電流立下げステップ及び電流増加ステップを実行しないようにしてもよい。また、電流立下げステップ及び電流増加ステップだけを実行し、電流立上げステップ及び電流減少ステップを実行しないようにしてもよい。 Further, in the above embodiment, the control device 30 executes both the current rise step and the current fall step, and both the current decrease step and the current increase step, but only the current rise step and the current decrease step are executed. However, the current lowering step and the current increasing step may not be executed. Further, only the current lowering step and the current increasing step may be executed, and the current rising step and the current decreasing step may not be executed.
　また、制御装置３０が、電流減少ステップの実行直後に、溶接電流を立上げ電流値ＲＩに立ち上げるというステップと、電流増加ステップの実行後に、溶接電流を立下げ電流値ＦＩに立ち下げるというステップとのいずれか一方だけを実行するようにしてもよい。 Further, the control device 30 raises the welding current to the rising current value RI immediately after executing the current decrease step, and lowers the welding current to the rising current value FI after executing the current increasing step. You may want to execute only one of the above.
　また、上記実施形態では、制御装置３０が、第１ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び第１ベース電流印可ステップを２回実行したが、３回以上実行してもよい。 Further, in the above embodiment, the control device 30 has executed the first peak current applying step and the first base current applying step twice, but may be executed three times or more.
　本開示の交流アーク溶接方法は、溶接の作業効率の悪化を抑制しつつ、作業音を低くでき、交流の溶接電流によって電極と母材との間にアークを発生させて溶接を行う交流アーク溶接方法として有用である。 The AC arc welding method of the present disclosure can reduce the work noise while suppressing deterioration of welding work efficiency, and AC arc welding is performed by generating an arc between the electrode and the base metal by the AC welding current. It is useful as a method.
Ｗ　　　母材
ＴＥ　　　タングステン電極
Ａ　　　アーク
Ｓ１　　　第１の傾き
Ｓ２　　　第２の傾き
Ｓ３　　　第３の傾き
Ｓ４　　　第４の傾き
Ｉ１　　　第１電流値（設定電流値）
Ｉ２　　　第２電流値
Ｉ３　　　第３電流値
Ｉ４　　　第４電流値
Ｐ１　　　第１ピーク電流値
Ｂ１　　　第１ベース電流値
Ｐ２　　　第２ピーク電流値
Ｂ２　　　第２ベース電流値
ＲＩ　　　立上げ電流値
ＦＩ　　　立下げ電流値
ＳＰＥ１　　　第１傾斜期間
ＳＰＥ２　　　第２傾斜期間
ＰＰＥ１　　　第１パルス期間
ＰＰＥ２　　　第２パルス期間
ＰＰＥ３　　　第３パルス期間
ＰＰＥ４　　　第４パルス期間 W Base material TE Tungsten electrode A Arc S1 First inclination S2 Second inclination S3 Third inclination S4 Fourth inclination I1 First current value (set current value)
I2 2nd current value I3 3rd current value I4 4th current value P1 1st peak current value B1 1st base current value P2 2nd peak current value B2 2nd base current value RI start-up current value FI start-up current value SPE1 1st tilt period SPE2 2nd tilt period PPE1 1st pulse period PPE2 2nd pulse period PPE3 3rd pulse period PPE4 4th pulse period

Claims (6)

  1. 　交流の溶接電流によって電極と母材との間にアークを発生させて溶接を行う交流アーク溶接方法であって、
    　前記溶接電流を、第１の傾きで負の値から所定の正の第１電流値の０．６倍以上０．９倍以下の第２電流値まで増加させ、次いで、当該第２電流値から前記第１の傾きよりも小さい６０μＡ／μｓ以上６００ｍＡ／μｓ以下の第２の傾きで前記第１電流値まで第１傾斜期間をかけて増加させる電流立上げステップと、
    　前記溶接電流を、第３の傾きで正の値から所定の負の第３電流値の０．６倍以下０．９倍以上の第４電流値まで減少させ、次いで、当該第４電流値から前記第３の傾きよりも大きい－６０μＡ／μｓ以下－６００ｍＡ／μｓ以上の第４の傾きで前記第３電流値まで第２傾斜期間をかけて減少させる電流立下げステップとの少なくとも一方を実行させることを特徴とする交流アーク溶接方法。     This is an AC arc welding method in which an arc is generated between the electrode and the base metal by an AC welding current to perform welding.
    The welding current is increased from a negative value on the first slope to a second current value of 0.6 times or more and 0.9 times or less of a predetermined positive first current value, and then from the second current value. A current start-up step of increasing the current value up to the first current value over a first slope period with a second slope of 60 μA / μs or more and 600 mA / μs or less, which is smaller than the first slope.
    The welding current is reduced from a positive value at a third slope to a fourth current value of 0.6 times or less and 0.9 times or more of a predetermined negative third current value, and then from the fourth current value. At least one of the current reduction step of reducing the current value to the third current value over the second tilt period at a fourth tilt of −60 μA / μs or less and −600 mA / μs or more, which is larger than the third tilt, is executed. An AC arc welding method characterized by this.
  2. 　請求項１に記載の交流アーク溶接方法において、
    　前記電流立上げステップを実行し、かつ当該電流立上げステップを実行してから次に前記溶接電流を負の値に立ち下げるまでの間に、前記溶接電流を、前記第１電流値から前記第２の傾きの－１倍の傾きで前記第１傾斜期間の０．３５倍以上１倍以下の期間だけ減少させる電流減少ステップを実行することと、
    　前記電流立下げステップを実行し、かつ当該電流立下げステップを実行してから次に前記溶接電流を正の値に立ち上げるまでの間に、前記溶接電流を、前記第３電流値から前記第４の傾きの－１倍の傾きで前記第２傾斜期間の０．３５倍以上１倍以下の期間だけ増加させる電流増加ステップを実行することとの少なくとも一方を特徴とする交流アーク溶接方法。     In the AC arc welding method according to claim 1,
    Between the execution of the current rise step and the execution of the current rise step and the subsequent reduction of the welding current to a negative value, the welding current is applied from the first current value to the first current value. Performing a current reduction step of reducing the current by a slope of -1 times the slope of 2 for a period of 0.35 times or more and 1 times or less of the first slope period.
    Between the execution of the current reduction step and the execution of the current reduction step and the subsequent increase of the welding current to a positive value, the welding current is measured from the third current value to the first value. An AC arc welding method comprising at least one of performing a current increasing step of increasing the current by an inclination of -1 times the inclination of 4 by a period of 0.35 times or more and 1 times or less of the second inclination period.
  3. 　請求項２に記載の交流アーク溶接方法において、
    　前記電流立上げステップ及び前記電流減少ステップを実行し、前記電流減少ステップの実行直後に、前記溶接電流を、前記第１傾斜期間の０．０５倍以上０．６５倍以下の期間だけ前記第１電流値の１．０倍以上１．６５倍以下の立上げ電流値とし、その後、当該立上げ電流値から負の値まで立ち下げることと、
    　前記電流立下げステップ及び前記電流増加ステップを実行し、前記電流増加ステップの実行直後に、前記溶接電流を、前記第２傾斜期間の０．０５倍以上０．６５倍以下の期間だけ前記第３電流値の１．０倍以下１．６５倍以上の立下げ電流値とし、その後、当該立下げ電流値から正の値まで立ち上げることとの少なくとも一方を特徴とする交流アーク溶接方法。     In the AC arc welding method according to claim 2,
    The current start-up step and the current decrease step are executed, and immediately after the execution of the current decrease step, the welding current is applied to the welding current for a period of 0.05 times or more and 0.65 times or less of the first inclination period. The start-up current value should be 1.0 times or more and 1.65 times or less of the current value, and then the start-up current value should be lowered to a negative value.
    The current lowering step and the current increasing step are executed, and immediately after the execution of the current increasing step, the welding current is applied to the welding current for a period of 0.05 times or more and 0.65 times or less of the second inclination period. An AC arc welding method comprising at least one of setting a falling current value of 1.0 times or less and 1.65 times or more of the current value, and then raising the current value from the falling current value to a positive value.
  4. 　請求項１～３のいずれか１項に記載の交流アーク溶接方法であって、
    　前記電流立上げステップを実行し、かつ前記溶接電流を第１パルス期間だけ前記第１電流値の１．１５倍以上１．６倍以下の電流値とする第１ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び前記溶接電流を第２パルス期間だけ前記第１電流値の０．６倍以上０．９倍以下の電流値とする第１ベース電流印可ステップを、前記電流立上げステップを実行してから次に前記溶接電流を負の値に立ち下げるまでの間に交互に実行することと、
    　前記電流立下げステップを実行し、かつ前記溶接電流を第３パルス期間だけ前記第３電流値の１．２倍以下１．８倍以上の電流値とする第２ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び前記溶接電流を第４パルス期間だけ前記第３電流値の０．６倍以下０．９倍以上の電流値とする第２ベース電流印可ステップを、前記電流立下げステップを実行してから次に前記溶接電流を正の値に立ち上げるまでの間に交互に実行することとの少なくとも一方を特徴とする交流アーク溶接方法。     The AC arc welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
    The first peak current application step in which the current rise step is executed and the welding current is set to a current value of 1.15 times or more and 1.6 times or less of the first current value for the first pulse period, and the welding. The first base current application step in which the current is set to a current value of 0.6 times or more and 0.9 times or less of the first current value for the second pulse period is executed, and then the welding is performed. Alternate execution until the current drops to a negative value,
    The second peak current application step in which the current lowering step is executed and the welding current is set to a current value of 1.2 times or less and 1.8 times or more of the third current value for the third pulse period, and the welding. The second base current application step in which the current is set to a current value of 0.6 times or less and 0.9 times or more the third current value for the fourth pulse period is executed, and then the welding is performed. An AC arc welding method characterized by at least one of alternating currents before they are raised to a positive value.
  5. 　交流の溶接電流によって電極と母材との間にアークを発生させて溶接を行う交流アーク溶接方法であって、
    　前記溶接電流を、第１パルス期間だけ所定の正の設定電流値の１．１５倍以上１．６倍以下の電流値とする第１ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び前記溶接電流を、第２パルス期間だけ前記設定電流値の０．６倍以上０．９倍以下の電流値とする第１ベース電流印可ステップを、前記溶接電流を負の値から正の値に立ち上げてから次に負の値に立ち下げるまでの間に、２回以上交互に実行する第１パルス電流印可ステップと、
    　前記溶接電流を、第３パルス期間だけ前記設定電流値の－１．２倍以下－１．８倍以上の電流値とする第２ピーク電流印可ステップ、及び前記溶接電流を、第４パルス期間だけ前記設定電流値の－０．６倍以下－０．９倍以上の電流値とする第２ベース電流印可ステップを、前記溶接電流を正の値から負の値に立ち下げてから次に正の値に立ち上げるまでの間に、１回ずつ交互に実行する第２パルス電流印可ステップとを実行することを特徴とする交流アーク溶接方法。     This is an AC arc welding method in which an arc is generated between the electrode and the base metal by an AC welding current to perform welding.
    The first peak current application step in which the welding current is set to a current value of 1.15 times or more and 1.6 times or less the predetermined positive set current value for the first pulse period, and the welding current is used in the second pulse period. In the first base current application step in which the current value is 0.6 times or more and 0.9 times or less the set current value, the welding current is increased from a negative value to a positive value, and then a negative value is applied. The first pulse current application step, which is executed twice or more alternately until the current is turned down,
    The second peak current application step in which the welding current is set to a current value of −1.2 times or less and −1.8 times or more of the set current value for the third pulse period, and the welding current is set for the fourth pulse period only. In the second base current application step in which the current value is -0.6 times or less and -0.9 times or more the set current value, the welding current is lowered from a positive value to a negative value, and then a positive value is applied. An AC arc welding method characterized by executing a second pulse current application step, which is alternately executed once until the value is raised.
  6. 　請求項５に記載の交流アーク溶接方法において、
    　前記溶接電流を、正の値から負の値に立ち下げる直前に、前記設定電流値よりも低い電流値から前記設定電流値の１．０倍以上１．６５倍以下の立上げ電流値とすることと、
    　前記溶接電流を、負の値から正の値に立ち上げる直前に、前記設定電流値の－１倍よりも高い電流値から前記設定電流値の－１．０倍以下－１．６５倍以上の立下げ電流値とすることとの少なくとも一方を特徴とする交流アーク溶接方法。     In the AC arc welding method according to claim 5,
    Immediately before the welding current is lowered from a positive value to a negative value, the start-up current value is set to 1.0 times or more and 1.65 times or less from the set current value from a current value lower than the set current value. That and
    Immediately before raising the welding current from a negative value to a positive value, a current value higher than -1 times the set current value to -1.0 times or less and -1.65 times or more the set current value. An AC arc welding method characterized by at least one of a falling current value.
PCT/JP2021/020475 2020-06-30 2021-05-28 Ac arc welding method WO2022004218A1 (en)

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JP2003048069A (en) * 2001-08-01 2003-02-18 Daihen Corp Output control method of ac tig welding
JP2005028383A (en) * 2003-07-09 2005-02-03 Daihen Corp Electric current control method for ac tig welding
JP2006102813A (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-20 Lincoln Global Inc Alternating current welding method using cored electrode
JP2008253997A (en) * 2007-03-12 2008-10-23 Daihen Corp Squeezing detection control method for consumable electrode ac arc welding

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003048069A (en) * 2001-08-01 2003-02-18 Daihen Corp Output control method of ac tig welding
JP2005028383A (en) * 2003-07-09 2005-02-03 Daihen Corp Electric current control method for ac tig welding
JP2006102813A (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-20 Lincoln Global Inc Alternating current welding method using cored electrode
JP2008253997A (en) * 2007-03-12 2008-10-23 Daihen Corp Squeezing detection control method for consumable electrode ac arc welding

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