WO2022002114A1 - 定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构及供电方法 - Google Patents

定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构及供电方法 Download PDF

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WO2022002114A1
WO2022002114A1 PCT/CN2021/103458 CN2021103458W WO2022002114A1 WO 2022002114 A1 WO2022002114 A1 WO 2022002114A1 CN 2021103458 W CN2021103458 W CN 2021103458W WO 2022002114 A1 WO2022002114 A1 WO 2022002114A1
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Prior art keywords
generator set
power
battery pack
diesel generator
power supply
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PCT/CN2021/103458
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English (en)
French (fr)
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邓伯勇
陈焕章
王永
杨德萍
冯坷欣
马晓媛
杨波
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中车资阳机车有限公司
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Priority to AU2021302172A priority Critical patent/AU2021302172B2/en
Publication of WO2022002114A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022002114A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C3/00—Electric locomotives or railcars
    • B61C3/02—Electric locomotives or railcars with electric accumulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L9/00—Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C1/00—Steam locomotives or railcars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C15/00—Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of new energy shunting locomotives, and in particular relates to a main circuit topology structure and a power supply method of a hybrid locomotive of a constant speed generator set.
  • the shunting locomotive is the basic power for shunting work, and its technical requirements are different from the main locomotives of general traction trains. Since it is necessary to start the traction or push the train group within a short distance, it does not require a high construction speed, but a certain traction force is required. Because it needs to move forward or backward frequently, it requires good viewing conditions. Since it is mainly operated in the station, It is necessary to pass a curve with a smaller radius, so the fixed wheelbase of the locomotive is required to be small, because it is often necessary to start and stop. Therefore, the locomotive is required to be maneuverable and has good braking performance. Since it is often operated at night, the lighting of the head and tail lights requires good brightness;
  • Existing shunting locomotives are basically diesel-based electric drive or hydraulic drive shunting locomotives, which are noisy, high energy consumption, difficult to repair and maintain, and complicated circuit topology of electric drive shunting locomotives.
  • Some new energy hybrid shunting locomotives are based on special diesel engines and main generators, which are costly, difficult to match, and complex in structure.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hybrid locomotive main circuit topology structure and power supply method of a constant speed generator set to meet the needs of the hybrid control of the locomotive power battery and the diesel generator set. Purpose.
  • the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a main circuit topology structure of a hybrid locomotive of a constant speed generator set, including a load, a power battery group, a diesel generator set and a ground power supply, and the load includes an auxiliary system, a traction motor and a battery , the power battery pack is connected with an intermediate DC circuit, the intermediate DC circuit includes a pre-charging circuit, a traction converter and a battery charger, and the other end of the pre-charging circuit is respectively connected with the traction converter and the battery charger, and the two are respectively connected to the traction motor and battery;
  • It also includes a four-quadrant rectifier module, one end of the four-quadrant rectifier module is connected to the intermediate DC circuit, and the other end is connected to the diesel generator set, the ground power supply and the auxiliary system.
  • the load is powered by a power battery pack, a diesel generator set or a ground power source alone, or is powered by a power battery pack and a diesel generator set, so as to switch different working modes and realize different functions.
  • the four-quadrant rectifier module includes a four-quadrant rectifier and an LCL filter circuit connected to it, the four-quadrant rectifier is connected to a pre-charging circuit, and the LCL filter circuit is respectively connected to the diesel generator set and the ground power supply, the function of the four-quadrant rectifier. Powerful, able to meet the functional requirements of different power supplies.
  • the battery is a 110V battery, and the 110V battery is connected with a 110V DC power supply interface to serve as an external 110V DC power supply.
  • the power battery pack includes at least two groups of power batteries, and each group of power batteries is connected in parallel, so as to provide sufficient DC power through multiple groups of power batteries.
  • the diesel generator set outputs AC380V/50Hz AC power for traction power or auxiliary system power.
  • the auxiliary system includes at least one traction motor fan and an air conditioner/life power port, so as to meet the realization of auxiliary functions of the locomotive.
  • the present invention also provides a power supply method for a hybrid locomotive main circuit topology of a constant speed generator set, the method is applied to the hybrid locomotive main circuit topology of the constant speed generator set provided above, and the method includes:
  • the power battery pack Powered by the power battery pack alone, during traction, it supplies power to the intermediate DC circuit, and/or supplies power to the auxiliary system through the four-quadrant rectifier module; during regenerative braking, it charges the power battery pack from the intermediate DC circuit, and/or passes through four quadrants.
  • the quadrant rectifier module supplies power to the auxiliary system;
  • the auxiliary system is powered by the diesel generator set, and/or the intermediate DC circuit is powered by the four-quadrant rectifier module, and regenerative braking is prohibited;
  • the auxiliary system is powered by the ground power supply, and/or the power battery pack is charged after being rectified by the four-quadrant rectifier module.
  • the power battery pack and diesel generator set are used as mixed power supply, if the locomotive is in the low handle position, the power battery pack will give priority to power supply, until the SOC of the power battery pack is lower than 30%, start the diesel generator set, and generate electricity by diesel. After passing through the four-quadrant rectifier module, the unit supplies power to the intermediate DC circuit and charges the power battery pack, and stops the diesel generator set when the SOC of the power battery pack is higher than 95%;
  • the diesel generator set passes through the four-quadrant rectifier module and then combines with the power battery pack to provide mixed power to the intermediate DC circuit.
  • the main circuit topology and power supply method of the hybrid locomotive of the constant speed generator set provided by the present invention are adopted, and the functional diversity of the four-quadrant rectifier module is used to simplify the main circuit topology, reduce an auxiliary frequency converter, and the configuration is simpler.
  • the quadrant rectifier module can realize two functions of boost rectification and inversion to meet the needs of hybrid control of locomotive power battery and diesel generator set.
  • the battery pack is charged, and the overall circuit structure is simple and functional.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall structural schematic diagram of the main circuit topology structure of the hybrid locomotive of the constant speed generator set provided by the present invention.
  • a topology structure of the main circuit of a hybrid locomotive of a constant-speed generator set is provided.
  • the main function of the main circuit of the locomotive is: after converting the DC power of the power battery pack and the AC power of the diesel generator set, It controls the operation of the AC asynchronous traction motor, can charge the power battery pack, realize the locomotive braking energy feedback and control the operation of the traction fan; at the same time, provide AC380V/220V alternating current and DC 110V direct current to the outside, the specific design is as follows:
  • auxiliary system traction motor, battery, power battery pack, diesel generator set and ground power supply
  • the diesel generator set is used to provide AC380V/50Hz alternating current power supply
  • the power battery pack is used to provide DC power supply, preferably, power battery
  • the group includes two sets of power batteries, each of which is connected in parallel and connected to the intermediate DC circuit
  • the ground power supply is used to provide AC380V/50Hz AC power.
  • the auxiliary system includes at least one traction motor fan and air conditioner/domestic power port, in this embodiment, two traction motors and one air conditioner/domestic power port; the battery is a 110V battery, and the 110V battery is connected with 110V DC power
  • the power supply interface is used to provide 110V DC power to the outside of the locomotive; the traction motor provides power for the movement of the locomotive and realizes the scheduling of the locomotive.
  • the power battery pack is connected with an intermediate DC circuit
  • the intermediate DC circuit includes a precharge circuit, a traction converter and a battery charger, and the other end of the precharge circuit is connected to the traction converter and the battery charger, and the traction converter and the battery are connected.
  • the charger is connected to the traction motor and the battery respectively; the function of the pre-charging circuit is: there are intermediate circuit capacitors on the rectification and rectification feedback modules.
  • the current is a logarithmic curve characteristic. If the initial current is not limited, the initial current will be very large, and the capacitor can be washed out in one stroke.
  • the sequence is: first switch on the pre-charging power supply (connected to the main power supply), give the closing command, the internal pre-charging contactor is switched on, the power supply charges the capacitor bank through the pre-charging resistor, and after the voltage is reached, switch on the main power supply , cut off the precharge contactor;
  • the precharge circuit generally includes two circuits, one is the main relay, and the other is the auxiliary relay with a large impedance and the resistor R, and the auxiliary relay and the resistor R are connected in series.
  • the auxiliary relay is connected first. The relay and resistor R are charged to the capacitor bank through the pre-charging resistor.
  • the above traction converter converts intermediate direct current into alternating current through space vector control to control the action of the traction motor.
  • the above-mentioned battery charger is used to charge the 110V battery, thereby supplying power to the control circuit of the locomotive.
  • the four-quadrant rectifier module includes a four-quadrant rectifier and an LCL filter circuit connected to it.
  • the LCL filter circuit is a supporting module of the four-quadrant rectifier and plays the role of filtering and electromagnetic compatibility;
  • the filter circuit is connected to the diesel generator set and the ground power supply respectively.
  • the topology of the main circuit of the hybrid locomotive of the constant speed generator set provided in this embodiment is mainly divided into the following four working modes, which are: the power battery pack, the diesel generator set or the ground power supply alone, or the power battery pack and the diesel generator set The unit is mixed with power supply.
  • the four-quadrant rectifier module plays different roles, as follows:
  • the four-quadrant rectifier module plays the role of PWM rectification, boosting the alternating current and supplying it to the intermediate direct current circuit;
  • the four-quadrant rectifier module plays the role of PWM rectification.
  • the diesel generator set and the power battery pack are mixed to output, increasing the output power of the locomotive and improving the traction capacity;
  • the four-quadrant rectifier module acts as a charger to control the constant current charging of the power battery pack;
  • the four-quadrant rectifier module When powered by the power battery alone, the four-quadrant rectifier module acts as a frequency converter, inverting the intermediate DC power and supplying power to the auxiliary system through sine wave filtering.
  • a power supply method is also provided in this embodiment to realize different functions in various working modes of the locomotive, and the method includes:
  • the load is powered by the power battery pack alone (the ground power supply and the diesel generator set do not work): when the locomotive is in the traction state, the power battery pack supplies power to the intermediate DC circuit, and the intermediate DC circuit supplies power to the traction converter and passes the traction converter. Control the operation of the traction motor. At the same time, the DC power of the power battery pack supplies power to the auxiliary system through the four-quadrant rectifier module. At this time, the four-quadrant rectifier module acts as a frequency converter, inverting the intermediate DC power and supplying power to the auxiliary system through sine wave filtering. ;
  • the traction motor When the locomotive is under regenerative braking, the traction motor generates electricity and charges the power battery pack through the traction converter. At the same time, the traction motor generates electricity to supply power to the intermediate DC circuit, so as to supply power to the auxiliary system through the four-quadrant rectifier module to meet the needs of the auxiliary system. system power.
  • AC380V/50Hz alternating current generated by diesel generator set directly supplies power to auxiliary system, meanwhile, AC380V/50Hz alternating current is rectified and boosted by four-quadrant rectifier module Backward to supply power to the intermediate DC circuit, and supply power to the traction motor through the pre-charging circuit and the traction converter; under the condition that the diesel generator set is powered by itself, it is forbidden for the locomotive to perform regenerative braking, that is, the current generated by the traction motor will not be fed back to the in the intermediate DC link.
  • the power supply is mixed by the power battery pack and the diesel generator set. At this time, the working state of the four-quadrant rectifier module is switched to the PWM rectification mode, and the diesel generator combined power battery pack is used for mixed power supply.
  • the specific methods are as follows:
  • the power battery pack and diesel generator set are used as mixed power supply, if the locomotive is in the low handle position, the power battery pack will give priority to power supply, until the SOC of the power battery pack is lower than 30%, the diesel generator set will be started.
  • the diesel generator set supplies power to the intermediate DC circuit and charges the power battery pack after passing through the four-quadrant rectifier module. At this time, the AC power generated by the diesel generator set can also directly supply power to the auxiliary system;
  • the SOC of the four-quadrant rectifier is higher than 95%, the diesel generator set is stopped; at this time, the four-quadrant rectifier of the four-quadrant rectifier module is in the PWM rectification mode;
  • the diesel generator set passes through the four-quadrant rectifier module and then combines with the power battery pack to supply power to the intermediate DC circuit to increase the output power of the locomotive and improve the traction capacity.
  • the diesel generator set The generated alternating current can also directly supply power to the auxiliary system, and the working state of the four-quadrant rectifier in the four-quadrant rectifier module is also in the PWM rectification mode.
  • the ground power supply directly supplies power to the auxiliary system, and/or charges the power battery pack after being rectified by the four-quadrant rectifier module.
  • the charging current is input from the display screen of the locomotive, and the charging is started.
  • the diesel generator set is prohibited from starting and loading. It is powered by the 380V/50Hz AC power of the ground power supply.
  • the constant current mode can precisely control the charging current of the power battery, and at the same time, the ground power supply directly supplies power to the auxiliary system.
  • any description of a process or method in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function or step of the process , and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which the functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing the functions substantially concurrently or in the reverse order depending upon the functions involved, which should It is understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware, and can also be implemented in the form of software function modules. If the integrated modules are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and the like.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构及供电方法，属于新能源调车机车的技术领域，包括负载，还包括动力电池组、柴油发电机组和地面电源，所述负载包括辅助系统、牵引电机以及蓄电池，所述动力电池组连接有中间直流回路，中间直流回路包括预充电电路、牵引变流器和蓄电池充电机，预充电电路的另一端分别与牵引变流器和蓄电池充电机连接且两者分别连接至所述牵引电机和蓄电池；还包括四象限整流模块，所述四象限整流模块的一端连接至中间直流回路，另一端连接至柴油发电机组、地面电源和所述辅助系统，以达到满足机车动力电池和柴油发电机组混合控制的需要的目的。

Description

定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构及供电方法 技术领域
本发明属于新能源调车机车的技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构及供电方法。
背景技术
调车机车是调车工作的基本动力，在技术上要求与一般牵引列车的本务机车有所不同。由于需要在短距离内起动牵引或推送车组，故不需要较高的构造速度，但需要一定的牵引力，由于需要经常前进或后退，故要求有良好的了望条件，由于主要在站内作业，需要通过较小半径的曲线，故要求机车的固定轴距要小，由于经常需要起、停车。故要求机车操纵灵活，制动性能良好，由于经常在夜间作业，头尾灯照明要求亮度好；此外，还要求便利调车人员安全上下车等等。
现有的调车机车基本都是基于柴油机的电传动或液力传动调车机车，机车噪音大、能耗高，检修维护困难，电传动调车机车电路拓扑复杂。部分新能源混合动力调车机车基于专用柴油机及主发电机，成本高，匹配困难，结构复杂。
发明内容
鉴于此，为了解决现有技术存在的上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构及供电方法以达到满足机车动力电池和柴油发电机组混合控制的需要的目的。
本发明所采用的技术方案为：一种定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构，包括负载，还包括动力电池组、柴油发电机组和地面电源，所述负载 包括辅助系统、牵引电机以及蓄电池，所述动力电池组连接有中间直流回路，中间直流回路包括预充电电路、牵引变流器和蓄电池充电机，预充电电路的另一端分别与牵引变流器和蓄电池充电机连接且两者分别连接至所述牵引电机和蓄电池；
还包括四象限整流模块，所述四象限整流模块的一端连接至中间直流回路，另一端连接至柴油发电机组、地面电源和所述辅助系统。
进一步地，所述负载由动力电池组、柴油发电机组或地面电源单独供电，或由动力电池组和柴油发电机组混合供电，以切换不同的工作模式，进而实现不同的功能。
进一步地，所述四象限整流模块包括四象限整流器和与其连接的LCL滤波电路，所述四象限整流器与预充电电路连接，LCL滤波电路分别连接至柴油发电机组和地面电源，四象限整流器的功能强大，能够满足不同供电电源的功能需求。
进一步地，所述蓄电池为110V蓄电池，且110V蓄电池连接有110V直流电供电接口，以作为外部的110V直流供电。
进一步地，所述动力电池组包括至少两组动力电池，各组动力电池呈并联连接，以通过多组动力电池提供充足的直流电源。
进一步地，所述柴油发电机组输出AC380V/50Hz的交流电源，供牵引用电或者辅助系统用电。
进一步地，所述辅助系统包括至少一个牵引电机通风机和空调/生活用电端口，以满足机车的辅助功能实现。
在本发明中还提供了一种定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构的 供电方法，该方法应用于上述提供的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构，该方法包括：
由动力电池组单独供电，在牵引时，向中间直流回路供电，和/或经过四象限整流模块向辅助系统供电；回馈制动时，由中间直流回路向动力电池组充电，和/或经过四象限整流模块向辅助系统供电；
由柴油发电机组单独供电，由柴油发电机组向辅助系统供电，和/或经过四象限整流模块向中间直流回路供电且禁止回馈制动；
由动力电池组和柴油发电机组混合供电，通过四象限整流模块工作于PWM整流模式，由柴油发电机组合动力电池组进行混合供电；
由地面电源单独供电，由地面电源向辅助系统供电，和/或经过四象限整流模块整流后向动力电池组充电。
进一步地，由动力电池组和柴油发电机组作为混合供电时，若机车为低手柄位时，动力电池组优先供电，直至动力电池组的SOC低于30％时，启动柴油发电机组，由柴油发电机组经过四象限整流模块后向中间直流回路供电和向动力电池组充电，直至动力电池组的SOC高于95％时，停止柴油发电机组；
若机车为高手柄位时，由柴油发电机组经过四象限整流模块后结合动力电池组对中间直流回路混合供电。
本发明的有益效果为：
1.采用本发明所提供的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构及供电方法，利用四象限整流模块的功能多样性，简化主电路拓扑结构，减少一个辅助变频器，配置更简单，四象限整流模块能实现升压整流和逆变两种功能，满足机车动力电池和柴油发电机组混合控制的需要，同时能够作为变频器向辅 助系统提供交流电，亦可起到充电机的作用，向动力电池组充电，整体电路结构简单且功能完善。
附图说明
图1是本发明所提供的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构的整体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的模块或具有相同或类似功能的模块。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。相反，本申请的实施例包括落入所附加权利要求书的精神和内涵范围内的所有变化、修改和等同物。
实施例1
如图1所示，在本实施例中提供了一种定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构，机车主电路的主要作用是：将动力电池组的直流电及柴油发电机组的交流电转换后，控制交流异步牵引电机运行、能够为动力电池组充电、实现机车制动能量回馈以及控制牵引通风机工作；同时，向外部提供AC380V/220V交流电、DC 110V直流电，具体设计如下：
其主要包括辅助系统、牵引电机、蓄电池、动力电池组、柴油发电机组和地面电源，其中，柴油发电机组用以提供AC380V/50Hz交流电源；动力电池组用以提供直流电源，优选的，动力电池组包括两组动力电池，各组动力电池呈并联连接，且均连接至中间直流回路；地面电源用以提供AC380V/50Hz交流电 源。而辅助系统包括至少一个牵引电机通风机和空调/生活用电端口，在本实施例中，为两个牵引电机和一个空调/生活用电端口；蓄电池为110V蓄电池，且110V蓄电池连接有110V直流电供电接口，用以向机车外部提供110V直流电；牵引电机为机车的运动提供动力，实现机车的调度。
动力电池组连接有中间直流回路，中间直流回路包括预充电电路、牵引变流器和蓄电池充电机，将预充电电路的另一端连接至牵引变流器和蓄电池充电机且牵引变流器和蓄电池充电机分别连接至所述牵引电机和蓄电池；其中，预充电电路的作用在于：在整流、整流回馈模块上有中间回路电容，如果接上功率模块功率模块电容也加在直流母线上，电容充电电流是对数曲线特性，如果不加限制起始电流将非常大，一下就可将电容冲毁。所以在SLM单元投入时时序是：先投入预充电电源(与主电源相连)，给合闸命令，内部预充电接触器投入，电源经预充电阻给电容组充电，电压达到后，投入主电源，切断预充电接触器；预充电电路一般包括两路，一路为主继电器，另一路为阻抗较大的辅继电器和电阻R且辅继电器和电阻R串联，在预充电过程中，先接入辅继电器和电阻R，经预充电阻给电容组充电，电压达到后，投入主继电器所在电路，并切断辅继电器，上述为基本工作原理，而对于预充电电路的使用是现有技术，此处不再赘述。上述牵引变流器是通过空间矢量控制方式将中间直流电转换为交流电控制牵引电机动作。上述蓄电池充电机用以给110V蓄电池充电，进而给机车的控制回路供电。
还包括四象限整流模块，所述四象限整流模块的一端连接至中间直流回路，另一端分别连接至柴油发电机组、地面电源和所述辅助系统，即柴油发电机组、地面电源均与四象限整流模块连接，且柴油发电机组、地面电源均与所述辅助 系统连接。其中，四象限整流模块包括四象限整流器和与其连接的LCL滤波电路，LCL滤波电路为四象限整流器的配套模块，起到滤波和电磁兼容作用；所述四象限整流器与预充电电路连接，由LCL滤波电路分别连接至柴油发电机组和地面电源。
本实施例所提供的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构主要分为以下四种工作模式，分别是：动力电池组、柴油发电机组或地面电源单独供电，或由动力电池组和柴油发电机组混合供电，在不同模式下，四象限整流模块所起的作用不同，具体如下：
当由柴油发电机组单独供电时，四象限整流模块起到PWM整流作用，将交流电升压后供给中间直流回路用电；
当由柴油发电机组和动力电池组混合供电时，四象限整流模块起到PWM整流作用，通过精确的控制使得柴油发电机组和动力电池组混合输出，增加机车输出功率，提高牵引能力；
当由地面电源或柴油发电机组供电给动力电池组充电时，四象限整流模块起到充电机作用，控制动力电池组恒流充电；
当由动力电池单独供电时，四象限整流模块起到变频器作用，将中间直流电逆变后经过正弦波滤波供给辅助系统用电。
实施例2
基于实施例1中的电路拓扑结构，在本实施例中还提供了一种供电方法，以在机车的各种工作模式下，实现不同的功能，该方法包括：
通过控制指令对机车的工作模式切换，以实现由动力电池组单独供电、柴油发电机组单独供电或地面电源单独供电、或由动力电池组和柴油发电机组混 合供电，在不同的工作模式下，能够实现不同的功能，各个模式下的供电方法如下：
①负载由动力电池组单独供电(地面电源、柴油发电机组不工作)：机车处于牵引状态时，由动力电池组向中间直流回路供电，中间直流回路向牵引变流器供电并通过牵引变流器控制牵引电机运行，同时，动力电池组的直流电经过四象限整流模块向辅助系统供电，此时，四象限整流模块起到变频器作用，将中间直流电逆变后经过正弦波滤波供给辅助系统用电；
在机车处于回馈制动时，由牵引电机发电并经过牵引变流器向动力电池组充电，同时，由牵引电机发电向中间直流回路供电，以经过四象限整流模块向辅助系统供电，以满足辅助系统的用电。
②由柴油发电机组单独供电(地面电源、动力电池组不工作)：由柴油发电机组发电产生的AC380V/50Hz交流电直接向辅助系统供电，同时，AC380V/50Hz交流电经过四象限整流模块整流并升压后向向中间直流回路供电，经预充电电路、牵引变流器向牵引电机供电；在柴油发电机组单独供电的工况下，禁止机车进行回馈制动，即牵引电机所发电流不会反馈至中间直流回路中。
③由动力电池组和柴油发电机组混合供电，此时，将四象限整流模块的工作状态切换为PWM整流模式，由柴油发电机组合动力电池组进行混合供电，具体方式如下：
由动力电池组和柴油发电机组作为混合供电时，若机车为低手柄位时，动力电池组优先供电，直至动力电池组的SOC低于30％时，启动柴油发电机组，通过精确的控制，由柴油发电机组经过四象限整流模块后向中间直流回路供电 和向动力电池组充电，此时，柴油发电机组产生的交流电也可直接对辅助系统供电；随着向动力电池组充电，直至动力电池组的SOC高于95％时，停止运行柴油发电机组；此时，四象限整流模块的四象限整流器处于PWM整流模式；
若机车为高手柄位时，通过精确的控制，由柴油发电机组经过四象限整流模块后结合动力电池组共同对中间直流回路混合供电，增加机车输出功率，提高牵引能力，此时，柴油发电机组产生的交流电也可直接对辅助系统供电，四象限整流模块中四象限整流器的工作状态也处于PWM整流模式。
④由地面电源单独供电，由地面电源直接向辅助系统供电，和/或经过四象限整流模块整流后向动力电池组充电。由机车的显示屏输入充电电流，并启动充电，禁止柴油发电机组启动、禁止加载，由地面电源的380V/50Hz交流电供电，经过四象限整流模块整流后向动力电池充电，四象限整流模块工作于恒流模式，能够精确控制动力电池的充电电流，同时，由地面电源直接向辅助系统供电。
需要说明的是，在本申请的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。此外，在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是指至少两个。
流程图中或在此以其他方式描述的任何过程或方法描述可以被理解为，表示包括一个或更多个用于实现特定逻辑功能或过程的步骤的可执行指令的代码的模块、片段或部分，并且本申请的优选实施方式的范围包括另外的实现，其中可以不按所示出或讨论的顺序，包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序，来执行功能，这应被本申请的实施例所属技术领域的技术人员所理解。
应当理解，本申请的各部分可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的组合来实现。在上述实施方式中，多个步骤或方法可以用存储在存储器中且由合适的指令执行系统执行的软件或固件来实现。例如，如果用硬件来实现，和在另一实施方式中一样，可用本领域公知的下列技术中的任一项或他们的组合来实现：具有用于对数据信号实现逻辑功能的逻辑门电路的离散逻辑电路，具有合适的组合逻辑门电路的专用集成电路，可编程门阵列(PGA)，现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)等。
本技术领域的普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法携带的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，该程序在执行时，包括方法实施例的步骤之一或其组合。
此外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理模块中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。所述集成的模块如果以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，也可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。
上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构，包括负载，其特征在于，还包括动力电池组、柴油发电机组和地面电源，所述负载包括辅助系统、牵引电机以及蓄电池，所述动力电池组连接有中间直流回路，中间直流回路包括预充电电路、牵引变流器和蓄电池充电机，预充电电路的另一端分别与牵引变流器和蓄电池充电机连接且两者分别连接至所述牵引电机和蓄电池；
    还包括四象限整流模块，所述四象限整流模块的一端连接至中间直流回路，另一端连接至柴油发电机组、地面电源和所述辅助系统。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构，其特征在于，所述负载由动力电池组、柴油发电机组或地面电源单独供电，或由动力电池组和柴油发电机组混合供电。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构，其特征在于，所述四象限整流模块包括四象限整流器和与其连接的LCL滤波电路，所述四象限整流器与预充电电路连接，LCL滤波电路分别连接至柴油发电机组和地面电源。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构，其特征在于，所述蓄电池为110V蓄电池，且110V蓄电池连接有110V直流电供电接口。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构，其特征在于，所述动力电池组包括至少两组动力电池，各组动力电池呈并联连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构，其特征在于，所述柴油发电机组输出AC380V/50Hz的交流电源。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构， 其特征在于，所述辅助系统包括至少一个牵引电机通风机和空调/生活用电端口。
  8. 一种定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构的供电方法，其特征在于，该方法基于如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构，该方法包括：
    由动力电池组单独供电，在牵引时，向中间直流回路供电，和/或经过四象限整流模块向辅助系统供电；回馈制动时，由中间直流回路向动力电池组充电，和/或经过四象限整流模块向辅助系统供电；
    由柴油发电机组单独供电，由柴油发电机组向辅助系统供电，和/或经过四象限整流模块向中间直流回路供电且禁止回馈制动；
    由动力电池组和柴油发电机组混合供电，通过四象限整流模块工作于PWM整流模式，由柴油发电机组合动力电池组进行混合供电；
    由地面电源单独供电，由地面电源向辅助系统供电，和/或经过四象限整流模块整流后向动力电池组充电。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构的供电方法，其特征在于，由动力电池组和柴油发电机组作为混合供电时，若机车为低手柄位时，动力电池组优先供电，直至动力电池组的SOC低于30％时，启动柴油发电机组，由柴油发电机组经过四象限整流模块后向中间直流回路供电和向动力电池组充电，直至动力电池组的SOC高于95％时，停止柴油发电机组；
    若机车为高手柄位时，由柴油发电机组经过四象限整流模块后结合动力电池组对中间直流回路混合供电。
PCT/CN2021/103458 2020-07-03 2021-06-30 定速发电机组的混合动力机车主电路拓扑结构及供电方法 WO2022002114A1 (zh)

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