WO2022000854A1 - Natural-gas heating furnace system and method applied to molten carbonate fuel cell - Google Patents

Natural-gas heating furnace system and method applied to molten carbonate fuel cell Download PDF

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WO2022000854A1
WO2022000854A1 PCT/CN2020/121310 CN2020121310W WO2022000854A1 WO 2022000854 A1 WO2022000854 A1 WO 2022000854A1 CN 2020121310 W CN2020121310 W CN 2020121310W WO 2022000854 A1 WO2022000854 A1 WO 2022000854A1
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fuel cell
natural gas
gas
inlet
heating furnace
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PCT/CN2020/121310
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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卢成壮
张瑞云
程健
李�昊
王保民
杨冠军
黄华
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中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/18—Radiant burners using catalysis for flameless combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/66—Preheating the combustion air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • H01M2008/147—Fuel cells with molten carbonates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy and fuel cell power generation, in particular to a natural gas heating furnace system and method applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell.
  • Molten carbonate fuel cell is a high-temperature fuel cell power generation device, which has a wide range of fuel sources, high energy conversion efficiency, and can capture carbon dioxide. Molten carbonate fuel cell power generation technology can design and develop cogeneration power generation systems for different occasions.
  • the heating of the fuel cell In the current domestic power generation system, the heating of the fuel cell generally adopts electric heating and natural gas heating, and the heating system and the stack operation system are independent of each other and cannot achieve coupling.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a natural gas heating furnace system and method applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell. Since the heating system and the stack operation system are independent of each other, coupling cannot be achieved, and there is a defect of low utilization rate of energy.
  • the invention provides a natural gas heating furnace system applied to molten carbonate fuel cells, comprising a natural gas intake unit, a fuel cell system, a natural gas heating furnace system, a catalytic burner and a fire tube, wherein the gas outlet of the natural gas intake unit It is divided into two paths, one is mixed with water and connected to the air inlet of the heat exchange unit; the high temperature gas outlet of the heat exchange unit is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell system; the anode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell system is connected to the catalytic burner.
  • the catalytic burner is provided with an air inlet;
  • the gas outlet of the catalytic burner is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell system;
  • the cathode outlet of the fuel cell system is connected to the gas inlet of the heat exchange unit;
  • the other gas outlet of the natural gas air inlet unit connects the air inlet of the heat exchange unit;
  • the high temperature gas outlet of the heat exchange unit connects the gas inlet of the fire barrel;
  • the fire barrel is provided with an air inlet;
  • the gas outlet of the fire tube is connected to the natural gas inlet of the natural gas heating furnace system.
  • the heat exchange unit includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, wherein the outlet of the natural gas and water mixing unit is connected to the gas inlet of the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger
  • the high temperature gas outlet is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell system
  • the other gas outlet of the natural gas inlet unit is connected to the gas inlet of the second heat exchanger
  • the high temperature gas outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the gas inlet of the fire tube
  • the medium outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the medium inlet of the second heat exchanger.
  • the low temperature gas outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to an exhaust gas exhaust pipe.
  • the power output end of the fuel cell system is connected to an external device.
  • both the air inlet provided on the catalytic burner and the air inlet provided on the torch are connected to the air unit.
  • the exhaust gas outlet of the natural gas heating furnace system is connected to the gas inlet of the catalytic burner.
  • a natural gas heating method applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell based on the described natural gas heating furnace system applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell, comprising the following steps:
  • the natural gas in the natural gas intake unit After a part of the natural gas in the natural gas intake unit is mixed with water, it enters the heat exchange unit for heat exchange.
  • the gas after heat exchange is connected to the anode intake of the fuel cell system.
  • the internal reforming reaction of natural gas occurs inside the anode first.
  • the reacted hydrogen-rich gas participates in the anode reaction of the fuel cell system;
  • the gases and air that do not participate in the reaction in the anode tail gas of the fuel cell system enter the cathode of the fuel cell system after catalytic combustion in the catalytic burner.
  • the gas mainly It is air and carbon dioxide, air and carbon dioxide participate in the cathode reaction of the fuel cell system, and the tail gas after the reaction exchanges heat with the natural gas in the heat exchange unit;
  • the remaining part of the natural gas enters the heat exchange unit for heat exchange.
  • the heated gas is mixed with air and enters the fire tube to be ignited. After ignition, the gas enters the air inlet on the natural gas heating furnace system to exchange heat with the heat carrier medium to realize the fuel cell. Heating function of the stack.
  • the unreacted natural gas in the natural gas heating furnace system enters the catalytic burner, and the carbon dioxide generated in the catalytic combustion and heating process enters the cathode air inlet of the fuel cell system to realize the recycling of carbon dioxide.
  • the invention provides a natural gas heating furnace system and method applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell, which adopts a fuel cell and a natural gas heating furnace system, and natural gas is used as the gas source of the fuel cell and the heating furnace at the same time.
  • Heating the structure couples the fuel cell system and the fuel cell heating system, that is, the natural gas heating furnace system, to further improve the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency.
  • the carbon dioxide from the tail gas of the natural gas heating furnace can be used as the source of the cathode gas of the fuel cell, so as to achieve the recycling of carbon dioxide, reduce the carbon emission, and realize the comprehensive utilization of energy.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure involved in the present invention.
  • a natural gas heating furnace system applied to molten carbonate fuel cells includes a natural gas intake unit 1, a first heat exchanger 2, a second heat exchanger 3, and a fuel cell system 4 and the natural gas heating furnace system 5, wherein the gas outlet of the natural gas inlet unit 1 is divided into two paths, and one path is mixed with water and then connected to the air inlet of the first heat exchanger 2; the high temperature of the first heat exchanger 2
  • the gas outlet is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell system 4; the anode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell system 4 is connected to the gas inlet of the catalytic burner 6; the catalytic burner 6 is provided with an air inlet; the gas of the catalytic burner 6
  • the outlet is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell system 4 ; the cathode outlet of the fuel cell system 4 is connected to the gas inlet of the first heat exchanger 2 .
  • the other gas outlet of the natural gas inlet unit 1 is connected to the air inlet of the second heat exchanger 3; the high temperature gas outlet of the second heat exchanger 3 is connected to the gas inlet of the fire tube 7; the fire tube 7 is provided with an air inlet .
  • the gas outlet of the fire tube 7 is connected to the natural gas inlet of the natural gas heating furnace system 5 .
  • the exhaust gas outlet of the natural gas heating furnace system 5 is connected to the gas inlet of the catalytic burner 6 .
  • the low temperature gas outlet of the first heat exchanger 2 is connected to the gas inlet of the second heat exchanger 3 .
  • the low temperature gas outlet of the second heat exchanger 3 is connected to the exhaust gas exhaust pipe.
  • the power output end of the fuel cell system 4 is connected to an external device.
  • the fuel cell system 4 is placed in the natural gas heating furnace system 5; the stack is heated by natural gas.
  • the fuel cell system 4 is a natural gas internal reforming fuel cell.
  • the working principle of the present invention is:
  • the natural gas intake unit 1 is connected to the fuel cell system 4 and the natural gas heating furnace system 5 respectively. First, after the natural gas is mixed with water, it is connected to the first heat exchanger 2, and the heat-exchanged gas is connected to the anode of the fuel cell system 4. The air inlets are connected to each other. At this time, the internal reforming reaction of natural gas occurs first in the anode, and the reforming reaction is:
  • the hydrogen-rich gas after the reaction participates in the anode reaction of the fuel cell; the anode tail gas of the fuel cell system 4 is connected to the catalytic burner 6, the air unit 8 is connected to the catalytic burner 6, and the gas that does not participate in the reaction in the tail gas undergoes catalytic combustion. It is connected to the cathode air inlet of the fuel cell system 4.
  • the gases are mainly air and carbon dioxide, and the air and carbon dioxide participate in the cathode reaction of the fuel cell system 4, and the tail gas after the reaction is carried out with the natural gas in the first heat exchanger 2. heat exchange.
  • the remaining part of the natural gas enters the second heat exchanger 3 to be connected, the heated gas and air are mixed into the fire tube 7 to be ignited, and after the ignition, the gas enters the air inlet on the natural gas heating furnace system 5, and the internal pipeline of the natural gas heating furnace system 5
  • the heating and the heat transfer medium exchange heat to realize the heating function of the fuel cell stack.
  • the natural gas heating furnace system 5 is connected to the catalytic burner 6, and the unreacted natural gas enters the fuel cell system 4 through catalytic combustion and carbon dioxide generated during the heating process. Cathode inlet, realize the recycling of carbon dioxide.

Abstract

Disclosed is a natural-gas heating furnace system applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell. The natural-gas heating furnace system comprises a natural-gas intake unit (1), a fuel cell system (4), a natural-gas heating furnace system (5), a catalytic burner (6) and a fire cylinder (7). According to the fuel cell and the natural-gas heating furnace system, natural gas serves as a gas source for the fuel cell and a heating furnace at the same time, such that an external power source is not needed to heat the fuel cell. The system is applied to a natural-gas heating method for a molten carbonate fuel cell.

Description

一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统和方法A kind of natural gas heating furnace system and method applied to molten carbonate fuel cell 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及氢能与燃料电池发电技术领域，特别涉及一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统和方法。The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy and fuel cell power generation, in particular to a natural gas heating furnace system and method applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell.
背景技术Background technique
随着氢能与燃料电池发电技术的不断发展，新能源技术发电示范越来越多，燃料电池发电技术作为新型发电技术，在国内外不断受到重视，并在一些地方得到示范。熔融碳酸盐燃料电池是一种高温燃料电池发电装置，具有燃料来源广，能量转化效率高，可实现二氧化碳的捕集。熔融碳酸盐燃料电池发电技术可以面向不同场合设计开发热电联产发电系统等。在目前国内的发电系统装置中，燃料电池的加热一般采用电加热、天然气加热，并且加热系统与电堆运行系统相互独立，无法达到耦合。With the continuous development of hydrogen energy and fuel cell power generation technology, there are more and more new energy technology power generation demonstrations. As a new power generation technology, fuel cell power generation technology has been paid attention to at home and abroad, and has been demonstrated in some places. Molten carbonate fuel cell is a high-temperature fuel cell power generation device, which has a wide range of fuel sources, high energy conversion efficiency, and can capture carbon dioxide. Molten carbonate fuel cell power generation technology can design and develop cogeneration power generation systems for different occasions. In the current domestic power generation system, the heating of the fuel cell generally adopts electric heating and natural gas heating, and the heating system and the stack operation system are independent of each other and cannot achieve coupling.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统和方法，由于加热系统与电堆运行系统相互独立，无法达到耦合，存在能源的利用率低的缺陷。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a natural gas heating furnace system and method applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell. Since the heating system and the stack operation system are independent of each other, coupling cannot be achieved, and there is a defect of low utilization rate of energy.
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
本发明提供的一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统，包括天然气进气单元、燃料电池系统、天然气加热炉系统、催化燃烧器和火筒，其中，天然气进气单元的气体出口分为两路，一路与水混合后连接换热单元的进气口；所述换热单元的高温气体出口连接燃料电池系统的阳极入口；所述燃料电池系统的阳极尾气出口连接催化燃烧器的气体入口；所述催化燃烧器上设置有空气入口；所述催化燃烧器的气体出口连接燃料电池系统的阴极入口；所述燃料电池系统的阴极出口连接换热单元的气体入口；The invention provides a natural gas heating furnace system applied to molten carbonate fuel cells, comprising a natural gas intake unit, a fuel cell system, a natural gas heating furnace system, a catalytic burner and a fire tube, wherein the gas outlet of the natural gas intake unit It is divided into two paths, one is mixed with water and connected to the air inlet of the heat exchange unit; the high temperature gas outlet of the heat exchange unit is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell system; the anode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell system is connected to the catalytic burner. a gas inlet; the catalytic burner is provided with an air inlet; the gas outlet of the catalytic burner is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell system; the cathode outlet of the fuel cell system is connected to the gas inlet of the heat exchange unit;
天然气进气单元的另一路气体出口连接换热单元的进气口；所述换热单元的高温气体出口 连接火筒的气体入口；所述火筒上设置有空气入口；The other gas outlet of the natural gas air inlet unit connects the air inlet of the heat exchange unit; the high temperature gas outlet of the heat exchange unit connects the gas inlet of the fire barrel; The fire barrel is provided with an air inlet;
所述火筒的气体出口连接天然气加热炉系统的天然气进气口。The gas outlet of the fire tube is connected to the natural gas inlet of the natural gas heating furnace system.
优选地，所述换热单元包括第一换热器和第二换热器，其中，所述天然气和水的混合单元的出口连接第一换热器的气体入口，所述第一换热器的高温气体出口连接燃料电池系统的阳极入口；所述天然气进气单元的另一路气体出口连接第二换热器的气体入口，第二换热器的高温气体出口连接火筒的气体入口；所述第一换热器的介质出口连接第二换热器的介质入口。Preferably, the heat exchange unit includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, wherein the outlet of the natural gas and water mixing unit is connected to the gas inlet of the first heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger The high temperature gas outlet is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell system; the other gas outlet of the natural gas inlet unit is connected to the gas inlet of the second heat exchanger, and the high temperature gas outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the gas inlet of the fire tube; the The medium outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the medium inlet of the second heat exchanger.
优选地，所述第二换热器的低温气体出口连接尾气排气管。Preferably, the low temperature gas outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to an exhaust gas exhaust pipe.
优选地，所述燃料电池系统的电能输出端连接外接设备。Preferably, the power output end of the fuel cell system is connected to an external device.
优选地，所述催化燃烧器上设置的空气入口和火筒上设置的空气入口均连接至空气单元。Preferably, both the air inlet provided on the catalytic burner and the air inlet provided on the torch are connected to the air unit.
优选地，所述天然气加热炉系统的尾气出口连接催化燃烧器的气体进口。Preferably, the exhaust gas outlet of the natural gas heating furnace system is connected to the gas inlet of the catalytic burner.
一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热方法，基于所述的一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统，包括以下步骤：A natural gas heating method applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell, based on the described natural gas heating furnace system applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell, comprising the following steps:
天然气进气单元中的一部分天然气与水混合后，进入换热单元进行换热，换热后的气体与燃料电池系统的阳极进气口相连接，此时阳极内部先发生天然气的内重整反应；反应后的富氢气体参与燃料电池系统的阳极反应；燃料电池系统的阳极尾气中未参与反应的气体和空气在催化燃烧器中经过催化燃烧后进入燃料电池系统的阴极，此时，气体主要是空气和二氧化碳，空气和二氧化碳参与燃料电池系统的阴极反应，反应后的尾气与换热单元中的天然气进行换热；After a part of the natural gas in the natural gas intake unit is mixed with water, it enters the heat exchange unit for heat exchange. The gas after heat exchange is connected to the anode intake of the fuel cell system. At this time, the internal reforming reaction of natural gas occurs inside the anode first. ; The reacted hydrogen-rich gas participates in the anode reaction of the fuel cell system; the gases and air that do not participate in the reaction in the anode tail gas of the fuel cell system enter the cathode of the fuel cell system after catalytic combustion in the catalytic burner. At this time, the gas mainly It is air and carbon dioxide, air and carbon dioxide participate in the cathode reaction of the fuel cell system, and the tail gas after the reaction exchanges heat with the natural gas in the heat exchange unit;
剩余部分的天然气进入换热单元进行换热，加热后的气体与空气混合进入火筒进行点燃，点燃后气体进入天然气加热炉系统上的进气口，与载热介质进行热量交换，实现对燃料电池堆的加热功能。The remaining part of the natural gas enters the heat exchange unit for heat exchange. The heated gas is mixed with air and enters the fire tube to be ignited. After ignition, the gas enters the air inlet on the natural gas heating furnace system to exchange heat with the heat carrier medium to realize the fuel cell. Heating function of the stack.
优选地，天然气加热炉系统中未反应的天然气进入催化燃烧器中经过催化燃烧及加热过程中生成的二氧化碳进入燃料电池系统的阴极进气口，实现二氧化碳的循环利用。Preferably, the unreacted natural gas in the natural gas heating furnace system enters the catalytic burner, and the carbon dioxide generated in the catalytic combustion and heating process enters the cathode air inlet of the fuel cell system to realize the recycling of carbon dioxide.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明提供的一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统和方法，采用燃料电池和天然气加热炉系统，天然气同时作为燃料电池和加热炉的气体来源，无需外接电源对燃料电池进行加热，该结构将燃料电池系统和燃料电池的加热系统，即天然气加热炉系统进行耦合，进一步提高综合能源利用效率。The invention provides a natural gas heating furnace system and method applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell, which adopts a fuel cell and a natural gas heating furnace system, and natural gas is used as the gas source of the fuel cell and the heating furnace at the same time. Heating, the structure couples the fuel cell system and the fuel cell heating system, that is, the natural gas heating furnace system, to further improve the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency.
进一步的，天然气加热炉尾气二氧化碳可以作为燃料电池阴极气体来源，达到二氧化碳的循环利用，降低碳的排放，实现了能源的综合利用。Further, the carbon dioxide from the tail gas of the natural gas heating furnace can be used as the source of the cathode gas of the fuel cell, so as to achieve the recycling of carbon dioxide, reduce the carbon emission, and realize the comprehensive utilization of energy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明涉及的系统结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure involved in the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图，对本发明进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，本发明提供的一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统，包括天然气进气单元1、第一换热器2、第二换热器3、燃料电池系统4和天然气加热炉系统5，其中，天然气进气单元1的气体出口分为两路，一路与水混合后连接第一换热器2的进气口；所述第一换热器2的高温气体出口连接燃料电池系统4的阳极入口；所述燃料电池系统4的阳极尾气出口连接催化燃烧器6的气体入口；所述催化燃烧器6上设置有空气入口；所述催化燃烧器6的气体出口连接燃料电池系统4的阴极入口；所述燃料电池系统4的阴极出口连接第一换热器2的气体入口。As shown in FIG. 1, a natural gas heating furnace system applied to molten carbonate fuel cells provided by the present invention includes a natural gas intake unit 1, a first heat exchanger 2, a second heat exchanger 3, and a fuel cell system 4 and the natural gas heating furnace system 5, wherein the gas outlet of the natural gas inlet unit 1 is divided into two paths, and one path is mixed with water and then connected to the air inlet of the first heat exchanger 2; the high temperature of the first heat exchanger 2 The gas outlet is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell system 4; the anode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell system 4 is connected to the gas inlet of the catalytic burner 6; the catalytic burner 6 is provided with an air inlet; the gas of the catalytic burner 6 The outlet is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell system 4 ; the cathode outlet of the fuel cell system 4 is connected to the gas inlet of the first heat exchanger 2 .
天然气进气单元1的另一路气体出口连接第二换热器3的进气口；所述第二换热器3的高温气体出口连接火筒7的气体入口；所述火筒7上设置有空气入口。The other gas outlet of the natural gas inlet unit 1 is connected to the air inlet of the second heat exchanger 3; the high temperature gas outlet of the second heat exchanger 3 is connected to the gas inlet of the fire tube 7; the fire tube 7 is provided with an air inlet .
所述火筒7的气体出口连接天然气加热炉系统5的天然气进气口。The gas outlet of the fire tube 7 is connected to the natural gas inlet of the natural gas heating furnace system 5 .
所述天然气加热炉系统5的尾气出口连接催化燃烧器6的气体进口。The exhaust gas outlet of the natural gas heating furnace system 5 is connected to the gas inlet of the catalytic burner 6 .
所述第一换热器2的低温气体出口连接第二换热器3的气体入口。The low temperature gas outlet of the first heat exchanger 2 is connected to the gas inlet of the second heat exchanger 3 .
所述第二换热器3的低温气体出口连接尾气排气管。The low temperature gas outlet of the second heat exchanger 3 is connected to the exhaust gas exhaust pipe.
所述燃料电池系统4的电能输出端连接外接设备。The power output end of the fuel cell system 4 is connected to an external device.
所述燃料电池系统4放置在天然气加热炉系统5内；利用天然气对电堆进行加热。The fuel cell system 4 is placed in the natural gas heating furnace system 5; the stack is heated by natural gas.
所述燃料电池系统4为天然气内重整型燃料电池。The fuel cell system 4 is a natural gas internal reforming fuel cell.
本发明的工作原理是：The working principle of the present invention is:
天然气进气单元1分别与燃料电池系统4、天然气加热炉系统5相连接，首先，天然气与水混合后，与第一换热器2相连接，换热后的气体与燃料电池系统4的阳极进气口相连接，此时阳极内部先发生天然气的内重整反应，重整反应为，The natural gas intake unit 1 is connected to the fuel cell system 4 and the natural gas heating furnace system 5 respectively. First, after the natural gas is mixed with water, it is connected to the first heat exchanger 2, and the heat-exchanged gas is connected to the anode of the fuel cell system 4. The air inlets are connected to each other. At this time, the internal reforming reaction of natural gas occurs first in the anode, and the reforming reaction is:
Figure PCTCN2020121310-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020121310-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020121310-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2020121310-appb-000002
反应后的富氢气体参与燃料电池的阳极反应；燃料电池系统4的阳极尾气与催化燃烧器6相连接，空气单元8与催化燃烧器6连接，尾气中未参与反应的气体经过催化燃烧后，与燃料电池系统4的阴极进气口相连接，此时，气体主要是空气和二氧化碳，空气和二氧化碳参与燃料电池系统4的阴极反应，反应后的尾气与第一换热器2中的天然气进行换热。The hydrogen-rich gas after the reaction participates in the anode reaction of the fuel cell; the anode tail gas of the fuel cell system 4 is connected to the catalytic burner 6, the air unit 8 is connected to the catalytic burner 6, and the gas that does not participate in the reaction in the tail gas undergoes catalytic combustion. It is connected to the cathode air inlet of the fuel cell system 4. At this time, the gases are mainly air and carbon dioxide, and the air and carbon dioxide participate in the cathode reaction of the fuel cell system 4, and the tail gas after the reaction is carried out with the natural gas in the first heat exchanger 2. heat exchange.
剩余部分的天然气进入第二换热器3连接，加热后的气体与空气混合进入火筒7进行点燃，点燃后气体进入天然气加热炉系统5上的进气口，天然气加热炉系统5的内部管路加热与载热介质进行热量交换，实现对燃料电池堆的加热功能，天然气加热炉系统5与催化燃烧器6相连接，未反应的天然气经过催化燃烧及加热过程中生成的二氧化碳进入燃料电池系统4的阴极进气口，实现二氧化碳的循环利用。The remaining part of the natural gas enters the second heat exchanger 3 to be connected, the heated gas and air are mixed into the fire tube 7 to be ignited, and after the ignition, the gas enters the air inlet on the natural gas heating furnace system 5, and the internal pipeline of the natural gas heating furnace system 5 The heating and the heat transfer medium exchange heat to realize the heating function of the fuel cell stack. The natural gas heating furnace system 5 is connected to the catalytic burner 6, and the unreacted natural gas enters the fuel cell system 4 through catalytic combustion and carbon dioxide generated during the heating process. Cathode inlet, realize the recycling of carbon dioxide.

Claims (8)

  1. 一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统，其特征在于，包括天然气进气单元(1)、燃料电池系统(4)、天然气加热炉系统(5)、催化燃烧器(6)和火筒(7)，其中，天然气进气单元(1)的气体出口分为两路，一路与水混合后连接换热单元的进气口；所述换热单元的高温气体出口连接燃料电池系统(4)的阳极入口；所述燃料电池系统(4)的阳极尾气出口连接催化燃烧器(6)的气体入口；所述催化燃烧器(6)上设置有空气入口；所述催化燃烧器(6)的气体出口连接燃料电池系统(4)的阴极入口；所述燃料电池系统(4)的阴极出口连接换热单元的气体入口；A natural gas heating furnace system applied to molten carbonate fuel cells, characterized in that it comprises a natural gas intake unit (1), a fuel cell system (4), a natural gas heating furnace system (5), and a catalytic burner (6) and a fire tube (7), wherein the gas outlet of the natural gas inlet unit (1) is divided into two paths, one of which is mixed with water and then connected to the air inlet of the heat exchange unit; the high temperature gas outlet of the heat exchange unit is connected to the fuel cell system The anode inlet of (4); the anode tail gas outlet of the fuel cell system (4) is connected to the gas inlet of the catalytic burner (6); the catalytic burner (6) is provided with an air inlet; the catalytic burner ( 6) The gas outlet of the fuel cell system (4) is connected to the cathode inlet of the fuel cell system (4); the cathode outlet of the fuel cell system (4) is connected to the gas inlet of the heat exchange unit;
    天然气进气单元(1)的另一路气体出口连接换热单元的进气口；所述换热单元的高温气体出口连接火筒(7)的气体入口；所述火筒(7)上设置有空气入口；The other gas outlet of the natural gas inlet unit (1) is connected to the air inlet of the heat exchange unit; the high temperature gas outlet of the heat exchange unit is connected to the gas inlet of the fire tube (7); the fire tube (7) is provided with an air inlet ;
    所述火筒(7)的气体出口连接天然气加热炉系统(5)的天然气进气口。The gas outlet of the fire tube (7) is connected to the natural gas inlet of the natural gas heating furnace system (5).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统，其特征在于，所述换热单元包括第一换热器(2)和第二换热器(3)，其中，所述天然气和水的混合单元的出口连接第一换热器(2)的气体入口，所述第一换热器(3)的高温气体出口连接燃料电池系统(4)的阳极入口；所述天然气进气单元(1)的另一路气体出口连接第二换热器(3)的气体入口，第二换热器(3)的高温气体出口连接火筒(7)的气体入口；所述第一换热器(2)的介质出口连接第二换热器(3)的介质入口。A natural gas heating furnace system applied to molten carbonate fuel cells according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange unit comprises a first heat exchanger (2) and a second heat exchanger (3) , wherein the outlet of the natural gas and water mixing unit is connected to the gas inlet of the first heat exchanger (2), and the high temperature gas outlet of the first heat exchanger (3) is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell system (4) ; Another gas outlet of the natural gas inlet unit (1) is connected to the gas inlet of the second heat exchanger (3), and the high temperature gas outlet of the second heat exchanger (3) is connected to the gas inlet of the fire tube (7); The medium outlet of the first heat exchanger (2) is connected to the medium inlet of the second heat exchanger (3).
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统，其特征在于，所述第二换热器(3)的低温气体出口连接尾气排气管。A natural gas heating furnace system applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the low temperature gas outlet of the second heat exchanger (3) is connected to a tail gas exhaust pipe.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统，其特征在于，所述燃料电池系统(4)的电能输出端连接外接设备。A natural gas heating furnace system applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric energy output end of the fuel cell system (4) is connected to an external device.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统，其特征在于，所述催化燃烧器(6)上设置的空气入口和火筒(7)上设置的空气入口均连接至空气单 元(8)。A natural gas heating furnace system applied to molten carbonate fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that the air inlet provided on the catalytic burner (6) and the air inlet provided on the fire tube (7) Both are connected to the air unit (8).
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统，其特征在于，所述天然气加热炉系统(5)的尾气出口连接催化燃烧器(6)的气体进口。A natural gas heating furnace system applied to molten carbonate fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, the exhaust gas outlet of the natural gas heating furnace system (5) is connected to the gas inlet of the catalytic burner (6).
  7. 一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热方法，其特征在于，基于权利要求1-5中任一项所述的一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热炉系统，包括以下步骤：A natural gas heating method applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell, characterized in that, based on a natural gas heating furnace system applied to a molten carbonate fuel cell according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following step:
    天然气进气单元(1)中的一部分天然气与水混合后，进入换热单元进行换热，换热后的气体与燃料电池系统(4)的阳极进气口相连接，此时阳极内部先发生天然气的内重整反应；反应后的富氢气体参与燃料电池系统(4)的阳极反应；燃料电池系统(4)的阳极尾气中未参与反应的气体和空气在催化燃烧器(6)中经过催化燃烧后进入燃料电池系统(4)的阴极，此时，气体主要是空气和二氧化碳，空气和二氧化碳参与燃料电池系统(4)的阴极反应，反应后的尾气与换热单元中的天然气进行换热；After a part of the natural gas in the natural gas intake unit (1) is mixed with water, it enters the heat exchange unit for heat exchange, and the heat-exchanged gas is connected to the anode intake port of the fuel cell system (4). The internal reforming reaction of natural gas; the hydrogen-rich gas after the reaction participates in the anode reaction of the fuel cell system (4); the gas and air not participating in the reaction in the anode tail gas of the fuel cell system (4) pass through the catalytic burner (6) After catalytic combustion, it enters the cathode of the fuel cell system (4). At this time, the gases are mainly air and carbon dioxide. The air and carbon dioxide participate in the cathode reaction of the fuel cell system (4). The tail gas after the reaction is exchanged with the natural gas in the heat exchange unit. hot;
    剩余部分的天然气进入换热单元进行换热，加热后的气体与空气混合进入火筒(7)进行点燃，点燃后气体进入天然气加热炉系统(5)上的进气口，与载热介质进行热量交换，实现对燃料电池堆的加热功能。The remaining part of the natural gas enters the heat exchange unit for heat exchange, the heated gas is mixed with air and enters the fire tube (7) to be ignited. After ignition, the gas enters the air inlet on the natural gas heating furnace system (5) to exchange heat with the heat carrier medium. exchange to realize the heating function of the fuel cell stack.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种应用于熔融碳酸盐燃料电池的天然气加热方法，其特征在于，天然气加热炉系统(5)中未反应的天然气进入催化燃烧器(6)中经过催化燃烧及加热过程中生成的二氧化碳进入燃料电池系统(4)的阴极进气口，实现二氧化碳的循环利用。A kind of natural gas heating method applied to molten carbonate fuel cell according to claim 7, is characterized in that, unreacted natural gas in natural gas heating furnace system (5) enters catalytic burner (6) and undergoes catalytic combustion and The carbon dioxide generated during the heating process enters the cathode air inlet of the fuel cell system (4) to realize the recycling of carbon dioxide.
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