WO2022000628A1 - 一种基于ct图像的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物三维建模方法 - Google Patents

一种基于ct图像的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物三维建模方法 Download PDF

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WO2022000628A1
WO2022000628A1 PCT/CN2020/103682 CN2020103682W WO2022000628A1 WO 2022000628 A1 WO2022000628 A1 WO 2022000628A1 CN 2020103682 W CN2020103682 W CN 2020103682W WO 2022000628 A1 WO2022000628 A1 WO 2022000628A1
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pore
image
hydrate
image stack
filled
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宋永臣
李洋辉
吴鹏
孙翔
刘卫国
赵佳飞
杨明军
杨磊
凌铮
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
    • G06T5/20—Image enhancement or restoration using local operators
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
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    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10072—Tomographic images
    • G06T2207/10081—Computed x-ray tomography [CT]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
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    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
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    • G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploitation engineering, and relates to a modeling method for generating pore-filled hydrate deposits in three-dimensional digital cores.
  • Gas hydrate is an abundant and clean energy source widely distributed on the seafloor and permafrost in the form of cementation or pore filling. Its resources are estimated to be twice as large as the combined reserves of coal, oil and conventional natural gas, and more than 10 times the total of all conventional natural gas in the world.
  • the invention relates to a three-dimensional modeling method for pore-filling hydrate sediments based on CT images.
  • the remodeled or in-situ cores without natural gas hydrate are scanned by CT, and a series of pores with different saturation are constructed through image morphological calculation.
  • the digital core image stack of filled gas hydrate deposits provides a relatively realistic three-dimensional numerical model for numerical simulation and analysis of basic physical properties of gas hydrate reservoirs.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to propose a three-dimensional modeling method of pore-filled hydrate sediments based on CT images, so as to provide a relatively real three-dimensional numerical model for numerical simulation analysis of basic physical properties of natural gas hydrate reservoirs.
  • CT scans the remodeled or in situ core without gas hydrate to obtain a digital core image stack
  • the second step is to adjust the grayscale threshold of the digital core image stack, and binarize it into matrix skeletons and pores, and then save them as image stacks respectively;
  • the pore image stack obtained in the second step is first eroded by x pixels, and then expanded by x pixels, which is the pore-filled hydrate image stack;
  • the fourth step is to perform image subtraction, and subtract the pore-filled hydrate image stack obtained in the third step from the pore image stack obtained in the second step, which is the new image stack corresponding to the pore-filled hydrate image stack obtained in the third step.
  • the matrix skeleton image stack obtained in the second step, the pore-filled hydrate image stack obtained in the third step, and the new pore image stack obtained in the fourth step are spliced and combined to form a matrix skeleton and pore filling.
  • the digital core image stack of hydrate and pores is the digital core image stack of pore-filled hydrate sediments;
  • the third to fifth steps are repeatedly performed, and the digital core image stack of pore-filled hydrate sediments with different hydrate saturations is obtained by adjusting the x value.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: based on remodeled or in-situ cores without natural gas hydrate, through image morphological calculation, a series of digital core image stacks of pore-filling hydrate sediments with different saturation can be constructed, which can be used for hydrate storage.
  • Numerical simulation analysis of basic physical properties of layers provides a relatively realistic three-dimensional numerical model, which significantly reduces the cost of hydrate testing, has good test repeatability, and realizes rapid and accurate evaluation of basic physical properties of hydrate reservoirs.
  • Figure 1 is the binarization result of matrix skeleton and pores.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of image erosion by 4 pixels.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an image inflated by 4 pixels.
  • Figure 4 is the image subtraction result.
  • Figure 5 is a stack of digital core images of pore-filled hydrate deposits.
  • a three-dimensional modeling method of pore-filled hydrate sediments based on CT images the steps are as follows:
  • CT scans the remodeled cores without gas hydrate (particle size distribution: 0.01-1 mm, median particle size: 0.15 mm, porosity 41%) to obtain digital core image stacks (resolution: 1024* 1024, voxel size: 0.004 mm);
  • the second step is to adjust the grayscale threshold of the digital core image stack, and binarize it into matrix skeletons and pores, and then save them as image stacks, as shown in Figure 1;
  • the pore image stack obtained in the second step is first eroded by 4 pixels, as shown in Figure 2, and then expanded by 4 pixels, as shown in Figure 3, which is the pore-filled hydrate image stack;
  • the fourth step is to perform image subtraction, and subtract the pore-filled hydrate image stack obtained in the third step from the pore image stack obtained in the second step, which is the new image stack corresponding to the pore-filled hydrate image stack obtained in the third step.
  • Pore image stack as shown in Figure 4;
  • the matrix skeleton image stack obtained in the second step, the pore-filled hydrate image stack obtained in the third step, and the new pore image stack obtained in the fourth step are spliced and combined to form a matrix skeleton and pore filling.
  • the digital core image stack of hydrate and pores is the digital core image stack of pore-filled hydrate deposits (saturation 28.5%), as shown in Figure 5.

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Abstract

一种基于CT图像的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物三维建模方法。可以通过CT扫描不含水合物的室内重塑的岩心或现场原位岩心，经灰度阈值分割成基质骨架图像堆栈及孔隙图像堆栈，然后通过对孔隙图像堆栈的腐蚀、膨胀以及图像减法运算等图像形态学处理，构建出一系列不同饱和度的孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈，再通过图像减法运算和拼接运算，形成一系列不同饱和度的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物数字岩心图像堆栈，为针对天然气水合物储层的基础物性数值模拟工作提供相对真实的三维模型。

Description

一种基于CT图像的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物三维建模方法 技术领域
本发明属于石油开采工程技术领域，涉及一种在三维数字岩心中生成孔隙填充型水合物沉积物的建模方法。
 背景技术
天然气水合物是一种储量丰富的清洁能源，以胶结或孔隙填充的形式广泛分布于海底和永久冻土层。据估计，其资源量相当于目前已探明煤、石油以及常规天然气储量总和的两倍，是全球所有常规天然气总量的10倍以上。
目前，中国、印度、韩国和日本等都圈定了水合物开发远景区并制定了相应的开发计划，开展了大量的水合物沉积物渗流、导热、导电及力学等基础物性研究。然而，天然气水合物储层保压取芯难度大、成本高，样品转移过程会造成水合物扰动分解；同时，室内水合物样品重塑无法准确控制水合物赋存类型及饱和度，实验重复性较差。相比之下，若能通过数值模拟的方法获得与原位储层结构接近的三维数字岩心（胶结型、孔隙填充型），并开展相关基础物性数值分析，将显著降低水合物试验成本，且具有较好的试验重复性，实现水合物储层基础物性快速准确评价。
本发明涉及一种基于CT图像的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物三维建模方法，通过CT扫描不含天然气水合物的重塑或原位岩心，经过图像形态学计算，构建一系列不同饱和度孔隙填充型天然气水合物沉积物数字岩心图像堆栈，为天然气水合物储层基础物性数值模拟分析提供相对真实的三维数值模型。
 技术问题
本发明的主要目的在于提出一种基于CT图像的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物三维建模方法，为天然气水合物储层基础物性数值模拟分析提供相对真实的三维数值模型。
 技术解决方案
本发明的技术方案：
第一步，CT扫描不含天然气水合物的重塑或原位岩心，获得数字岩心图像堆栈；
第二步，调节数字岩心图像堆栈的灰度阈值，并二值化分割为基质骨架及孔隙，然后分别保存为图像堆栈；
第三步，对第二步获得的孔隙图像堆栈先腐蚀x像素，然后再膨胀x像素，即为孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈；
第四步，进行图像减法，将第二步获得的孔隙图像堆栈减去第三步获得的孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈，即为第三步获得的孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈对应的新的孔隙图像堆栈；
第五步，将第二步获得的基质骨架图像堆栈、第三步获得的孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈、以及第四步获得的新的孔隙图像堆栈进行拼接组合，形成具有基质骨架、孔隙填充型水合物以及孔隙的数字岩心图像堆栈，即为孔隙填充型水合物沉积物数字岩心图像堆栈；
第六步，反复执行第三步至第五步，通过调整x值，获得不同水合物饱和度的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物数字岩心图像堆栈。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果：能够基于不含天然气水合物的重塑或原位岩心，经过图像形态学计算，构建一系列不同饱和度的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物数字岩心图像堆栈，为水合物储层基础物性数值模拟分析提供相对真实的三维数值模型，显著降低水合物试验成本，具有较好的试验重复性，实现水合物储层基础物性快速准确评价。
 附图说明
图1是基质骨架及孔隙的二值化结果。
图2是图像腐蚀4像素的示意图。
图3是图像膨胀4像素的示意图。
图4是图像减法结果。
图5是孔隙填充型水合物沉积物数字岩心图像堆栈。
 本发明的实施方式
以下结合附图和技术方案，进一步说明本发明的具体实施方式。
实施例
一种基于CT图像的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物三维建模方法，步骤如下：
第一步，CT扫描不含天然气水合物的重塑岩心（粒径分布：0.01-1 mm，中值粒径：0.15 mm，孔隙度41%），获得数字岩心图像堆栈（分辨率：1024*1024，体素大小：0.004 mm）；
第二步，调节数字岩心图像堆栈的灰度阈值，并二值化分割为基质骨架及孔隙，然后分别保存为图像堆栈，如图1；
第三步，对第二步获得的孔隙图像堆栈先腐蚀4像素，如图2，然后再膨胀4像素，如图3，即为孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈；
第四步，进行图像减法，将第二步获得的孔隙图像堆栈减去第三步获得的孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈，即为第三步获得的孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈对应的新的孔隙图像堆栈，如图4；
第五步，将第二步获得的基质骨架图像堆栈、第三步获得的孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈、以及第四步获得的新的孔隙图像堆栈进行拼接组合，形成具有基质骨架、孔隙填充型水合物以及孔隙的数字岩心图像堆栈，即为孔隙填充型水合物沉积物数字岩心图像堆栈（饱和度28.5%），如图5。

Claims (1)

  1. 一种基于CT图像的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物三维建模方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
    第一步，CT扫描不含天然气水合物的重塑或原位岩心，获得数字岩心图像堆栈；
    第二步，调节数字岩心图像堆栈的灰度阈值，并二值化分割为基质骨架及孔隙，然后分别保存为图像堆栈；
    第三步，对第二步获得的孔隙图像堆栈先腐蚀x像素，然后再膨胀x像素，即为孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈；
    第四步，进行图像减法，将第二步获得的孔隙图像堆栈减去第三步获得的孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈，即为第三步获得的孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈对应的新的孔隙图像堆栈；
    第五步，将第二步获得的基质骨架图像堆栈、第三步获得的孔隙填充型水合物图像堆栈、以及第四步获得的新的孔隙图像堆栈进行拼接组合，形成具有基质骨架、孔隙填充型水合物以及孔隙的数字岩心图像堆栈，即为孔隙填充型水合物沉积物数字岩心图像堆栈；
    第六步，反复执行第三步至第五步，通过调整x值，获得不同水合物饱和度的孔隙填充型水合物沉积物数字岩心图像堆栈。
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CN116256300B (zh) * 2023-05-08 2023-10-13 中国矿业大学(北京) 用于评价高温高湿气体对围岩孔隙结构损伤的装置及方法
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CN118334243A (zh) * 2024-04-12 2024-07-12 中国地质大学（武汉） 含水合物沉积物的三维数字岩心建模方法、设备及介质

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