WO2022000294A1

WO2022000294A1 - Method and device for signal synchronization between user equipments

Info

Publication number: WO2022000294A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/099374
Authority: WO
Inventors: 杨志武; 张东风; 欧阳国威; 刘凯; 陈莹莹
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-06-30
Filing date: 2020-06-30
Publication date: 2022-01-06
Also published as: CN114175535A; CN114175535B

Abstract

A method and device for signal synchronization between user equipments (UEs), relating to the technical field of vehicle to everything (V2X), intelligent vehicles, autonomous driving, intelligent connected vehicles, and the like. The present invention is used for solving the problem that two UEs in different V2X communication protocols cannot achieve signal synchronization. The method for signal synchronization comprises: a first UE obtains synchronization information of at least one UE, the at least one UE comprising a second UE; the first UE determines, according to the synchronization information of the second UE, that a V2X communication protocol of the second UE is a second V2X communication protocol, the second V2X communication protocol being different from a first V2X communication protocol of the first UE; the first UE is switched to the second V2X communication protocol; and the first UE achieves signal synchronization with the second UE on the basis of the second V2X communication protocol.

Description

Method and device for signal synchronization between user equipments

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of Internet of Vehicles, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for signal synchronization between user equipments.

Background technique

Vehicle to everything (V2X) refers to the provision of vehicle information through user equipment (UE) mounted on the vehicle, and the realization of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle and pedestrian through various communication technologies. Communication between vehicles (vehicle to pedestrian, V2P), vehicle to infrastructure (V2I), and vehicle to network (V2N), etc.

Among them, for a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, the V2X communication protocol (also referred to as a technical standard) mainly includes the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol and the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol. The underlying technologies of the two communication protocols are based on the 3GPP protocol, and UEs using the two communication protocols can successfully resolve synchronization signals with each other.

In addition, V2X resource allocation methods can generally include two types: the first, scheduling mode, that is, the base station allocates sidelink resources for V2X communication to the UE; the second, autonomous selection mode, that is, the UE selects from the pre-configured It autonomously selects sidelink resources for V2X communication from the resource pool of .

In the prior art, for multiple UEs (for example, UE1 and UE2) within the same V2X communication protocol, no matter the resource allocation mode adopted by the multiple UEs is the scheduling mode or the autonomous selection mode, the multiple UEs can use the following One of the ways to achieve signal synchronization: UE1 and UE2 are synchronized to the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), UE1 and UE2 are synchronized to the cell, UE1 is synchronized to GNSS or cell, UE2 is synchronized to UE1 , UE1 self-synchronizes and UE2 synchronizes to UE1.

However, for multiple UEs in different V2X communication protocols, there is a problem that the multiple UEs cannot achieve signal synchronization according to the above-mentioned prior art. Specifically, it is assumed that UE1 is in the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol and UE2 is in the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol: if UE1 is under GNSS coverage and UE2 is not under GNSS or cell coverage, UE2 can receive the synchronization signal of UE1, but due to If the positions of the synchronization signal and data transmission and reception subframes are different, UE2 still cannot synchronize to UE1; if both UE1 and UE2 are not under the coverage of GNSS or cell, and both UE1 and UE2 use the autonomous selection mode to determine the sidelink resources, Then UE1 and UE2 use different transceiving subframe configurations, so that UE1 and UE2 cannot achieve synchronization.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application provides a method and apparatus for signal synchronization between user equipments, which are used to solve the problem in the prior art that two UEs in different V2X communication protocols cannot achieve signal synchronization.

To achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, a method for signal synchronization between user equipments is provided. The method includes: a first user equipment UE obtains synchronization information of at least one UE, and the at least one UE includes a second UE; the first UE obtains synchronization information of the second UE according to the synchronization information of the second UE Determine that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol, and the second V2X communication protocol is different from the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE. For example, the first V2X communication protocol is the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the second V2X communication protocol is The communication protocol is the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the underlying technologies of both are 3GPP technologies; the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, for example, the first UE configures relevant parameters for V2X communication as the second V2X communication Parameters in the protocol; the first UE realizes signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol.

In the above technical solution, when the first UE acquires the synchronization information of at least one UE, if it is determined according to the synchronization information that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE of the at least one UE is the second V2X communication protocol and is the same as the first UE's first V2X communication protocol. When the V2X communication protocol is different, it can switch to the second V2X communication protocol and achieve signal synchronization with the second UE, thereby solving the problem that two UEs in different V2X communication protocols cannot achieve signal synchronization in the prior art.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the switching of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol includes: when the first UE does not receive synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period , the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, and the first duration can be set in advance. In the above possible implementation manner, the first UE can switch the second V2X communication protocol when not receiving the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol, so as to realize the signal with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol. Synchronize.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, further comprising: when the first UE periodically receives the synchronization information of the second UE within the second time period, the first UE When a UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, the first duration can be set in advance. In the above possible implementation manner, when the first UE can stably receive the synchronization information of the UE in the second V2X communication protocol, it can switch the second V2X communication protocol, so as to communicate with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol. achieve signal synchronization.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, before the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, the method further includes: the first UE acquires handover authorization information, where the handover authorization information is used to indicate that the first UE is allowed to be handed over. V2X communication protocol. Wherein, the authority to allow switching of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE may be configured by the system or may be set by the user. In the above possible implementation manner, after it is determined that the V2X communication protocol of the first UE is allowed to be switched, the first UE is switched to the second V2X communication protocol, thereby ensuring the security of the handover.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the UE in the second V2X communication protocol includes only the second UE, the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, including: the first UE waits for a third period of time after Switch to the second V2X communication protocol. In the above possible implementation manner, when the second UE is the only UE in the second V2X communication protocol, by waiting for a third time period before switching, it can be avoided that both the first UE and the second UE switch the V2X communication protocol, thereby causing the first UE to switch the V2X communication protocol. The problem that the UE still cannot be in the same V2X communication protocol with the second UE after the handover.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the at least one UE includes multiple UEs, and the V2X communication protocols of the at least multiple UEs are different from the first V2X communication protocol. The UE with the highest priority among the multiple UEs is selected as the second UE. Optionally, the priorities of the multiple UEs may be sorted according to one or more ways of signal energy, coverage, synchronization level, and priorities indicated by related protocols. In the above possible implementation manner, the first UE selects the UE with the highest priority as the second UE, so that the reliability of signal transmission can be improved when performing signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol subsequently.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the synchronization information of the second UE includes at least one of the following: a direct link synchronization signal SLSS identifier of the second UE, and a master information block of the second UE; wherein the master information The block includes the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located; correspondingly, the first UE determines according to the synchronization information of the second UE that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol, including: the first UE according to The frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located determines that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol. In the above possible implementation manner, a simple and effective manner of determining the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is provided.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the at least one UE further includes a third UE, and the method further includes: the first UE determines that the V2X communication protocol of the third UE is the first V2X communication protocol; the first UE keeps the first V2X communication protocol A V2X communication protocol. Further, the method further includes: the first UE realizes signal synchronization with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol. In the above possible implementation manner, the first UE maintains the first V2X communication protocol and realizes signal synchronization with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol, which can prevent the first UE from being unable to stably receive the synchronization information of the second UE, thereby causing communication problems. problem of failure.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is a 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other is a CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol; or, the first V2X communication protocol One of the communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is the WAVE V2X communication protocol, and the other is the CCSA WAVE V2X communication protocol.

In a second aspect, a signal synchronization apparatus is provided. As a first user equipment UE or a built-in chip of the first UE, the apparatus includes: an acquisition unit configured to acquire synchronization information of at least one UE, where the at least one UE includes a second UE; a determining unit, configured to determine, according to the synchronization information of the second UE, that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol, and the second V2X communication protocol is different from the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE; the switching unit is configured to switch to the second V2X communication protocol; a synchronization unit configured to realize signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the switching unit is further configured to: switch to the second V2X communication when the first UE does not receive the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period protocol.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the switching unit is further configured to: switch to the second V2X communication protocol when the first UE periodically receives the synchronization information of the second UE within the second time period.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the obtaining unit is further configured to: obtain handover authorization information, where the handover authorization information is used to indicate a V2X communication protocol that allows handover of the first UE.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, when the UE in the second V2X communication protocol includes only the second UE, the switching unit is further configured to switch to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the at least one UE includes multiple UEs, the V2X communication protocols of the at least multiple UEs are all different from the first V2X communication protocol, and the determining unit is further configured to: select from the multiple UEs according to the priority Among the UEs, the UE with the highest priority is selected as the second UE.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the synchronization information of the second UE includes at least one of the following: a direct link synchronization signal SLSS identifier of the second UE, and a master information block of the second UE; wherein the master information The block includes the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located; correspondingly, the determining unit is further configured to: determine, according to the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located, that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the first Two V2X communication protocols.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the at least one UE further includes a third UE; the determining unit is further configured to determine that the V2X communication protocol of the third UE is the first V2X communication protocol; the switching unit is further configured to maintain The first V2X communication protocol. Further, the synchronization unit is further configured to: realize signal synchronization with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is a 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other is a CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol; or, the first V2X communication protocol One of the communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is the WAVE V2X communication protocol, and the other is the CCSA WAVE V2X communication protocol.

In a third aspect, a signal synchronization apparatus is provided. As a first user equipment UE or a built-in chip of the first UE, the apparatus includes a processor and a memory connected to the processor, and the memory is used for storing instructions. When the instruction is executed by the processor, it causes the apparatus to perform the following steps: acquiring synchronization information of at least one UE, at least one UE including the second UE; determining, according to the synchronization information of the second UE, that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol, the second V2X communication protocol is different from the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE; switch to the second V2X communication protocol; realize signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol.

In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the apparatus further performs the following step: when the first UE does not receive the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period, switching to the second V2X letter of agreement.

In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the apparatus further performs the following step: when the first UE periodically receives synchronization information of the second UE within the second time period, switching to the second V2X communication protocol.

In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the apparatus further performs the following steps: acquiring handover authorization information, where the handover authorization information is used to indicate that the V2X communication protocol of the first UE is allowed to be handed over.

In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, when the UE in the second V2X communication protocol includes only the second UE, the switching unit is further configured to switch to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period.

In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the at least one UE includes multiple UEs, and the V2X communication protocols of the at least multiple UEs are different from the first V2X communication protocol. Among the UEs, the UE with the highest priority is selected as the second UE.

In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the synchronization information of the second UE includes at least one of the following: a direct link synchronization signal SLSS identifier of the second UE, and a master information block of the second UE; wherein the master information The block includes the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located; correspondingly, the device also performs the following steps: according to the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located, determine that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is The second V2X communication protocol.

In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the at least one UE further includes a third UE, and the apparatus further performs the following steps: determining that the V2X communication protocol of the third UE is the first V2X communication protocol; maintaining the first V2X communication protocol . Further, the apparatus further performs the following steps: realizing signal synchronization with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol.

In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is a 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other is a CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol; or, the first V2X communication protocol One of the communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is the WAVE V2X communication protocol, and the other is the CCSA WAVE V2X communication protocol.

In yet another aspect of the present application, a readable storage medium is provided, and instructions are stored in the readable storage medium, and when the readable storage medium runs on a device, the device causes the device to perform the first aspect or any one of the first aspects. Methods provided by possible implementations of an item.

Another aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, which when the computer program product runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method provided by the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

It can be understood that the apparatus, computer storage medium or computer program product of any of the above-mentioned methods for signal synchronization between user equipments are used to execute the corresponding methods provided above, and therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can be achieved. With reference to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods provided above, details are not repeated here.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a V2X communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic flowchart of a signal synchronization method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another signal synchronization method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a first UE according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first UE according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another first UE according to an embodiment of the present application.

detailed description

In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And/or", which describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can indicate: the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A, B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are an "or" relationship. "At least one item(s) below" or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s). For example, at least one item (a) of a, b, or c may represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c may be single or multiple . In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and functions. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are only used to distinguish different thresholds, and the sequence of the first threshold is not limited. Those skilled in the art can understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order.

It should be noted that, in this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations or illustrations. Any embodiment or design described in this application as "exemplary" or "such as" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present the related concepts in a specific manner.

Before introducing the technical solutions of the present application, the related technologies and concepts involved in the embodiments of the present application are first introduced and explained.

Vehicle to everything (V2X) communication can also be referred to as information exchange between vehicles and the outside world. V2X communication can include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P), vehicle and infrastructure Facility (vehicle to infrastructure, V2I), and communication between vehicle and network (V2N), etc.

The V2X communication protocol may refer to a communication protocol or technical standard applied to V2X, and the V2X communication protocol may also be referred to as a V2X technical standard. For example, in a long term evolution (LTE) system, the V2X communication protocol may include the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol and the CCSA LTE communication protocol whose underlying technology is the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) technology. -V2X communication protocol. For another example, the V2X communication protocol may include the WAVE V2X communication protocol and the CCSA WAVE-V2X communication protocol, whose underlying technologies are both wireless access for vehicular environments (WAVE) technology. The 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol can be a V2X communication protocol developed in Europe based on 3GPP technology and applied to the LTE system; the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol is a China Communications Standards Association (CCSA) based on 3GPP technology. The developed V2X communication protocol applied to the LTE system. WAVE-V2X communication protocol is a V2X communication protocol based on WAVE technology developed by the United States; CCSA WAVE-V2X communication protocol is a V2X communication protocol developed by CCSA based on WAVE technology.

Among them, when communicating between two user equipment (UE) in V2X, signal synchronization needs to be performed first, and signal synchronization needs to be based on the same V2X communication protocol, that is, the two UEs need to be in the same V2X communication protocol. In addition, two UEs in different V2X communication protocols with the same underlying technology can successfully parse each other's synchronization information. For example, if one of the two UEs is in the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other is in the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol, then The two UEs can successfully parse each other's synchronization information; two UEs in different V2X communication protocols with different underlying technologies cannot parse the synchronization information of the opposite end. For example, one of the two UEs is in the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other If one is in the WAVE-V2X communication protocol, the two UEs cannot resolve each other's synchronization information.

Signal synchronization between UEs may refer to enabling multiple UEs that need to communicate to have the same time reference signal. Taking two UEs (for example, UE1 and UE2) as an example, the signal synchronization between the two UEs under the same V2X communication protocol may include the following methods: First, both UE1 and UE2 are synchronized to the GNSS ( global navigation satellite system, GNSS), that is, UE1 and UE2 are both in the coverage of GNSS, GNSS sends synchronization information to UE1 and UE2, and UE1 and UE2 are both based on the synchronization information sent by GNSS. Signal synchronization; the second type, UE1 and UE2 are both synchronized to the cell, that is, both UE1 and UE2 are in the coverage of the cell, and the cell sends synchronization information to both UE1 and UE2, and UE1 and UE2 are based on the synchronization sent by the cell. The information is synchronized to the signal to realize the signal synchronization of the two UEs; the third, UE1 is synchronized to GNSS or a cell, and UE2 is synchronized to UE1, that is, UE1 is in the coverage of GNSS or the coverage of a cell, and UE2 is not in GNSS. Coverage or cell coverage, GNSS or cell sends synchronization information to UE1, UE1 performs signal synchronization based on the synchronization information sent by GNSS or cell, and UE1 sends synchronization information to UE2, and UE2 performs synchronization based on the synchronization information sent by UE1. Signal synchronization to achieve signal synchronization between the two UEs; the fourth type, UE1 self-synchronizes, UE2 synchronizes to UE1, that is, UE1 determines the synchronization signal locally and sends synchronization information to UE2, and UE2 performs the signal based on the synchronization information sent by UE1. synchronization to achieve signal synchronization of the two UEs.

The technical solutions of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: long-term evolution (long time evolution, LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (frequency division duplex, FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (time division duplex, TDD) system ) system, universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, public land mobile network (PLMN) system, and future 5G communication system, etc. The technical solution of the present application may include various application scenarios, for example, machine to machine (M2M), device to machine (device to machine, D2M), device to device (device to device, D2D), macro-micro communication , Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Ultra Reliable & Low Latency Communication (uRLLC), and Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) and other scenarios.

The network architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. The evolution of the architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Vehicle To Everything (V2X) communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. The V2X communication system may include multiple UEs, and each UE in the multiple UEs may communicate with other UEs. Synchronization information is sent, and after information synchronization with other UEs is achieved, information transmission can be performed with other UEs. Among them, the multiple UEs in FIG. 1 may be in different V2X communication protocols, and the underlying technologies of the different V2X communication protocols where the multiple UEs are located may be the same, so that each UE in the multiple UEs receives the When the synchronization information is from other UEs, the synchronization information of other UEs can be successfully parsed. Exemplarily, the V2X communication protocol where the multiple UEs are located may include the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol and the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol; or, the V2X communication protocol where the multiple UEs are located may include the WAVE V2X communication protocol and the CCSA WAVE-V2X communication protocol.

In (a) of FIG. 1 , the multiple UEs may include four UEs and are denoted as UE1, UE2, UE3 and UE4 respectively, UE1 may send synchronization information 1 to other UEs, and UE2 may send synchronization information 2 to other UEs , UE3 can send synchronization information 3 to other UEs, and UE4 can send synchronization information 4 to other UEs. The V2X communication protocol where UE1 is located may be different from the V2X communication protocol where UE2 to UE4 are located. For example, UE1 is in 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and UE2 to UE4 are in CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol.

In (b) of FIG. 1 , the multiple UEs may include two UEs and are represented as UE1 and UE2 respectively, UE1 may send synchronization information 1 to UE2, and UE2 may send synchronization information 2 to UE1. The V2X communication protocol where UE1 is located may be different from the V2X communication protocol where UE2 is located. For example, UE1 is in 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and UE2 is in CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol.

The UE in this application may be a device with a wireless communication function, which may be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted. It can also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.). It can also be deployed in the air (eg on airplanes, balloons, satellites, etc.). The UE is also called a terminal, a mobile station (mobile station, MS), a mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT), a terminal device, etc., and is a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user. For example, the UE may be: a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palmtop computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), In-vehicle equipment (for example, cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed rails, etc.), virtual reality (VR) equipment, augmented reality (AR) equipment, industrial control (industrial control) Wireless terminals, smart home equipment (for example, refrigerators, TVs, air conditioners, electricity meters, etc.), intelligent robots, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, A wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, or a wireless terminal in a smart home, flying equipment (for example, Intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc. In a possible application scenario of the present application, the UE is a vehicle-mounted device that often works on the ground. In this application, for ease of description, a chip deployed in the above-mentioned device, such as a system-on-a-chip (SOC), a baseband chip, etc., or other chips with communication functions may also be referred to as UE.

Further, the V2X communication system may further include an access network device, and the access network device is configured to provide services for the cell, and the multiple UEs may be wholly or partially within the coverage of the cell of the access network device. Wherein, the access network device may be an access point (Access Point, AP) in a WLAN, an evolved base station (evolved Node B, eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, a relay station or an access point, a future 5G network Network equipment or access network equipment in a future evolved PLMN network, etc. In addition, the cell may be a cell corresponding to an access network device (such as a base station), and the cell may belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell. The small cell here may include: a metro cell. , micro cell (micro cell), pico cell (Pico cell), femto cell (femto cell), etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a vehicle 200 with an automatic driving function provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the vehicle 200 is an example of a UE. In one embodiment, the vehicle 200 is configured in a fully or partially autonomous driving mode. For example, the vehicle 200 may control itself while in an autonomous driving mode, and may determine the current state of the vehicle and its surrounding environment through human manipulation, determine the likely behavior of at least one other vehicle in the surrounding environment, and determine the other vehicle's The vehicle 200 is controlled based on the determined information with a confidence level corresponding to the likelihood of performing the possible behavior. When the vehicle 200 is in an autonomous driving mode, the vehicle 200 may be placed to operate without human interaction.

Vehicle 200 may include various subsystems, such as travel system 210 , sensor system 220 , control system 230 , one or more peripherals 240 and power supply 250 , computer system 260 , and user interface 270 . Alternatively, vehicle 200 may include more or fewer subsystems, and each subsystem may include multiple elements. Additionally, each of the subsystems and elements of the vehicle 200 may be interconnected by wire or wirelessly.

Travel system 210 may include components that provide powered motion for vehicle 200 . In one embodiment, travel system 210 may include engine 211 , transmission 212 , energy source 213 , and wheels/tires 214 . The engine 211 may be an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, an air compression engine, or other types of engine combinations, such as a hybrid engine composed of an air-oil engine and an electric motor, and a hybrid engine composed of an internal combustion engine and an air compression engine. Engine 211 converts energy source 213 into mechanical energy.

Examples of energy sources 213 include gasoline, diesel, other petroleum-based fuels, propane, other compressed gas-based fuels, ethanol, solar panels, batteries, and other sources of electricity. The energy source 213 may also provide energy to other systems of the vehicle 200 .

Transmission 212 may transmit mechanical power from engine 211 to wheels/tires 214 . Transmission 212 may include a gearbox, a differential, and a driveshaft. In one embodiment, transmission 212 may also include other devices, such as clutches. Among other things, the drive shafts may include one or more shafts that may be coupled to one or more wheels/tires 214 .

The sensor system 220 may include several sensors that sense information about the environment surrounding the vehicle 200 . For example, the sensor system 220 may include a positioning system 221 (the positioning system may be a global positioning system (GPS) system, a Beidou system or other positioning systems), an inertial measurement unit (inertial measurement unit, IMU) 222, Radar 223 , laser rangefinder 224 and camera 225 . The sensor system 220 may also include sensors of the internal systems of the vehicle 200 being monitored (eg, an in-vehicle air quality monitor, a fuel gauge, an oil temperature gauge, etc.). Sensor data from one or more of these sensors can be used to detect objects and their corresponding characteristics (position, shape, orientation, velocity, etc.). This detection and identification is a critical function for the safe operation of autonomous vehicle 200 .

The positioning system 221 may be used to estimate the geographic location of the vehicle 200 . The inertial measurement unit 222 is used to sense position and orientation changes of the vehicle 200 based on inertial acceleration. In one embodiment, the inertial measurement unit 222 may be a combination of an accelerometer and a gyroscope.

Radar 223 may utilize radio signals to sense objects within the surrounding environment of vehicle 200 . In some embodiments, in addition to sensing objects, radar 223 may be used to sense the speed and/or heading of objects.

The laser rangefinder 224 may utilize laser light to sense objects in the environment in which the vehicle 200 is located. In some embodiments, laser rangefinder 224 may include one or more laser sources, laser scanners, and one or more detectors, among other system components.

Camera 225 may be used to capture multiple images of the surrounding environment of vehicle 200 . Camera 225 may be a still camera or a video camera.

The control system 230 controls the operation of the vehicle 200 and its components. Control system 230 may include various elements, including steering system 231 , throttle 232 , braking unit 233 , sensor fusion algorithms 234 , computer vision system 235 , route control system 236 , and obstacle avoidance system 237 .

The steering system 231 is operable to adjust the heading of the vehicle 200 . For example, in one embodiment it may be a steering wheel system.

The throttle 232 is used to control the operating speed of the engine 211 and thus the speed of the vehicle 200 .

The braking unit 233 is used to control the deceleration of the vehicle 200 . The braking unit 233 may use friction to slow the wheels/tires 214 . In other embodiments, the braking unit 233 may convert the kinetic energy of the wheels/tires 214 into electrical current. The braking unit 233 may also take other forms to slow the wheels/tires 214 to control the speed of the vehicle 200 .

Computer vision system 235 is operable to process and analyze images captured by camera 225 in order to identify objects and/or features in the environment surrounding vehicle 200 . The objects and/or features may include traffic signals, road boundaries and obstacles. Computer vision system 235 may use object recognition algorithms, structure from motion (SFM) algorithms, video tracking, and other computer vision techniques. In some embodiments, the computer vision system 235 may be used to map the environment, track objects, estimate the speed of objects, and the like.

The route control system 236 is used to determine the route of travel of the vehicle 200 . In some embodiments, route control system 236 may combine data from sensor system 220 , positioning system 221 , and one or more predetermined maps to determine a driving route for vehicle 200 .

Obstacle avoidance system 237 is used to identify, evaluate and avoid or otherwise traverse potential obstacles in the environment of vehicle 200 .

Of course, in one example, control system 230 may additionally or alternatively include components other than those shown and described. Alternatively, some of the components shown above may be reduced.

Vehicle 200 interacts with external sensors, other vehicles, other computer systems, or users through peripheral devices 240 . Peripherals 240 may include a wireless communication system 241 , an onboard computer 242 , a microphone 243 and/or a speaker 244 .

In some embodiments, peripherals 240 provide a means for a user of vehicle 200 to interact with user interface 270 . For example, the onboard computer 242 may provide information to the user of the vehicle 200 . The user interface 270 may also operate the onboard computer 242 to receive user input. The on-board computer 242 can be operated through a touch screen. In other cases, peripheral device 240 may provide a means for vehicle 200 to communicate with other devices located within the vehicle. For example, microphone 243 may receive audio (eg, voice commands or other audio input) from a user of vehicle 200 . Similarly, speakers 244 may output audio to a user of vehicle 200 .

Wireless communication system 241 may wirelessly communicate with one or more devices, either directly or via a communication network. For example, wireless communication system 241 may use 3G cellular communication such as code division multiple access (CDMA), EVDO, global system for mobile communications (GSM)/general packet radio service technology (general packet radio service, GPRS), or 4G cellular communications, such as long term evolution (LTE), or 5G cellular communications. The wireless communication system 241 may communicate with a wireless local area network (WLAN) using WiFi. In some embodiments, the wireless communication system 241 may communicate directly with the device using an infrared link, Bluetooth, or ZigBee. Other wireless protocols, such as various vehicle communication systems, for example, wireless communication system 241 may include one or more dedicated short range communications (DSRC) devices, which may include communication between vehicles and/or roadside stations public and/or private data communications.

Power supply 250 may provide power to various components of vehicle 200 . In one embodiment, the power source 250 may be a rechargeable lithium-ion or lead-acid battery. One or more battery packs of such batteries may be configured as a power source to provide power to various components of the vehicle 200 . In some embodiments, power source 250 and energy source 213 may be implemented together, such as in some all-electric vehicles.

Some or all of the functions of vehicle 200 are controlled by computer system 260 . Computer system 260 may include at least one processor 261 that executes instructions 263 stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as memory 262 . Computer system 260 may also be multiple computing devices that control individual components or subsystems of vehicle 200 in a distributed fashion.

The processor 261 may be any conventional processor, such as a commercially available central processing unit (CPU). Alternatively, the processor may be a dedicated device such as application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) or other hardware-based processors. Although FIG. 2 functionally illustrates a processor, memory, and other elements of the computer system 260 in the same blocks, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the processor, computer, or memory may actually include a processor, a computer, or a memory that may or may not Multiple processors, computers, or memories that are not stored within the same physical enclosure. For example, the memory may be a hard drive or other storage medium located within an enclosure other than computer system 260 . Thus, reference to a processor or computer will be understood to include reference to a collection of processors or computers or memories that may or may not operate in parallel. Rather than using a single processor to perform the steps described herein, some components such as the steering and deceleration components may each have their own processor that only performs computations related to component-specific functions .

In various aspects described herein, a processor may be located remotely from the vehicle and in wireless communication with the vehicle. In other aspects, some of the processes described herein are performed on a processor disposed within the vehicle while others are performed by a remote processor, including taking steps necessary to perform a single maneuver.

In some embodiments, memory 262 may include instructions 263 (eg, program logic) executable by processor 261 to perform various functions of vehicle 200, including those described above. Memory 262 may also contain additional instructions, including instructions to send data to, receive data from, interact with, and/or control one or more of travel system 210 , sensor system 220 , control system 230 , and peripherals 240 . instruction.

In addition to instructions 263, memory 262 may store data such as road maps, route information, vehicle location, direction, speed, and other such vehicle data, among other information. Such information may be used by the vehicle 200 and the computer system 260 during operation of the vehicle 200 in autonomous, semi-autonomous and/or manual modes.

User interface 270 for providing information to or receiving information from a user of vehicle 200 . Optionally, user interface 270 may include one or more input/output devices within the set of peripheral devices 240 , such as wireless communication system 241 , onboard computer 242 , microphone 243 and speaker 244 .

Computer system 260 may control functions of vehicle 200 based on input received from various subsystems (eg, travel system 210 , sensor system 220 , and control system 230 ) and from user interface 270 . For example, computer system 260 may utilize input from control system 230 in order to control steering system 231 to avoid obstacles detected by sensor system 220 and obstacle avoidance system 237 . In some embodiments, computer system 260 is operable to provide control of various aspects of vehicle 200 and its subsystems.

Alternatively, one or more of these components described above may be installed or associated with the vehicle 200 separately. For example, memory 262 may exist partially or completely separate from vehicle 200 . The above-described components may be communicatively coupled together in a wired and/or wireless manner.

Optionally, the above component is just an example. In practical applications, components in each of the above modules may be added or deleted according to actual needs, and FIG. 2 should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

A self-driving car traveling on a road, such as vehicle 200 above, can recognize objects in its surroundings to determine an adjustment to the current speed. The objects may be other vehicles, traffic control equipment, or other types of objects. In some examples, each identified object may be considered independently, and based on the object's respective characteristics, such as its current speed, acceleration, distance from the vehicle, etc., may be used to determine the speed at which the autonomous vehicle is to adjust.

Alternatively, the autonomous vehicle vehicle 200 or a computing device associated with the autonomous vehicle 200 (eg, computer system 260, computer vision system 235, memory 262 of FIG. 2) may be based on the characteristics of the identified objects and the state of the surrounding environment. (eg, traffic, rain, ice on the road, etc.) to predict the behavior of the identified object. Optionally, each identified object is dependent on the behavior of the other, so it is also possible to predict the behavior of a single identified object by considering all identified objects together. The vehicle 200 can adjust its speed based on the predicted behavior of the identified object. In other words, the self-driving car can determine what steady state the vehicle will need to adjust to (eg, accelerate, decelerate, or stop) based on the predicted behavior of the object. In this process, other factors may also be considered to determine the speed of the vehicle 200, such as the lateral position of the vehicle 200 in the road being traveled, the curvature of the road, the proximity of static and dynamic objects, and the like.

In addition to providing instructions to adjust the speed of the self-driving car, the computing device may also provide instructions to modify the steering angle of the vehicle 200 so that the self-driving car follows a given trajectory and/or maintains contact with objects in the vicinity of the self-driving car (eg, , cars in adjacent lanes on the road) safe lateral and longitudinal distances.

The above-mentioned vehicle 200 can be a car, a truck, a motorcycle, a bus, a boat, an airplane, a helicopter, a lawn mower, a recreational vehicle, a playground vehicle, construction equipment, a tram, a golf cart, a train, a cart, etc. The application examples are not particularly limited.

FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for synchronizing signals between user equipments according to an embodiment of the present application. The method can be applied to the V2X communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and the method includes the following steps.

S301: The first UE acquires synchronization information of at least one UE, and the at least one UE includes the second UE.

The V2X communication system may include multiple UEs, the multiple UEs may be in different V2X communication protocols, and the underlying technologies of the V2X communication protocols where the multiple UEs are located may be the same. The first UE may be any UE among the plurality of UEs, and the at least one UE may be one or more UEs among other UEs except the first UE among the plurality of UEs. The at least one UE may be a UE around the first UE or a UE adjacent to the first UE, and the first UE may detect or receive the information sent by the at least one UE.

In addition, each of the at least one UE may send out synchronization information, and the synchronization information may be used to achieve signal synchronization between the UE and other UEs. The synchronization information of a UE may include a sidelink synchronization signal (sidelink synchronization signal, SLSS) identity of the UE and a master information block (master information block, MIB) of the UE. The SLSS identifier can be used to indicate the SLSS group to which the UE belongs, and specifically may include a first identifier NID1 and a second identifier NID2, the first identifier NID1 may be the identifier of the UE in the SLSS group, and the second identifier NID2 may be the identifier of the UE in the SLSS group. Group ID for SLSS. For example, the relationship between the SLSS identifier and the first identifier NID1 and the second identifier NID2 may be: the SLSS identifier=NID1+168×NID2. The main information block may include the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the UE is located.

Specifically, each of the at least one UE may send synchronization information to the outside, and the first UE may detect the synchronization information sent by the at least one UE, and parse the detected synchronization information. The underlying technology of the V2X communication protocol is the same, so that the first UE can successfully parse the synchronization information of the at least one UE, and then obtain the synchronization information of the at least one UE. For example, the first UE detects and parses the synchronization information of the second UE, and can obtain the SLSS identifier of the second UE and the MIB of the second UE. The SLSS identifier may include the first identifier NID1 and the second identifier NID2, and the MIB may include Frame number and subframe number.

Optionally, the first UE may detect and analyze synchronization information sent by at least one UE in real time, or periodically detect and analyze synchronization information sent by at least one UE, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

S302: The first UE determines that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol according to the synchronization information of the second UE, and the second V2X communication protocol is different from the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE.

The V2X communication protocol of a UE may refer to the V2X communication protocol used by the UE, or may refer to the V2X communication protocol where the UE is located. The V2X communication protocols in which the multiple UEs included in the V2X communication system are located may include at least two V2X communication protocols, and the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE may be any one of the at least two V2X communication protocols.

When the first UE acquires the synchronization information of the second UE through S301, the first UE may determine the V2X communication protocol of the second UE according to the frame number and the subframe number in the MIB of the synchronization information. Specifically, the first UE can first determine whether the synchronization offset indication type (synchronization offset indication type) corresponding to the second UE belongs to the first V2X communication protocol according to the frame number and the subframe number, and if so, the first UE can It is determined that the V2X protocol of the second UE is the first V2X communication protocol. If not, the first UE can further determine whether the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE belongs to the second V2X communication protocol. If so, the first UE can determine whether The V2X protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol.

Optionally, one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is a 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other is a CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol. Alternatively, one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is the WAVE V2X communication protocol, and the other is the CCSA WAVE V2X communication protocol. It should be noted that the several V2X communication protocols listed above are only exemplary. In practical applications, the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol may also be other V2X communication protocols, for example, applied to the NR system. different V2X communication protocols, etc., which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Exemplarily, assuming that the first V2X communication protocol is the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the second V2X communication protocol is the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol, the first UE determines the second UE according to the frame number f and the subframe number s. The V2X communication protocol can specifically include:

S1. the first UE determines whether the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE belongs to the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol according to the frame number f and the subframe number s through the type calculation formula (1) corresponding to the first V2X communication protocol. . Among them, three synchronization offset indication types (denoted as type 11, type 12 and type 13) are defined in the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and these three types correspond to three preset offset values (denoted as offset value 11, offset value 12 and offset value 13), the transmission period of synchronization information in the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol is 160ms. In the formula, % represents the remainder.

y=(10×f+s)％160 (I)

S2a. If the value of y is determined to be equal to one of the offset value 11, the offset value 12 or the offset value 13 according to formula (1), the first UE can determine that the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE belongs to the first UE. The V2X communication protocol, and the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE is the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the offset value equal to that.

S2b. If it is determined by the following formula (1) that the value of y is not equal to the offset value 11, the offset value 12 and the offset value 13, then it is determined that the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE does not belong to the first V2X communication protocol, that is, the communication protocol of the second UE is not the first V2X communication protocol, and continue to execute S3.

S3. According to the frame number f and the subframe number s, the first UE determines whether the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE belongs to CCSA through the type calculation formula (II) to formula (V) corresponding to the second V2X communication protocol. LTE-V2X communication protocol. Among them, three synchronization offset indication types (denoted as type 21, type 22 and type 23) are defined in the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol, and these three types correspond to three preset offset values (denoted as offset value 21, offset value 22 and offset value 23), the transmission period of synchronization information in the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol is 256ms. In the formula,

Indicates rounding down, m represents the cycle index and the corresponding value range can be from 0 to 39, l represents the serial number of the bit that is 0 in the bitmap and the corresponding value range can be from 0 to 99, f The value range can be 0 to 1023.

S4a. If it is determined by formula (II) to formula (V) that the value of 10×f+s is equal to the offset value 21 or the offset value 22, or it is determined that (10×f+s)% 256 is equal to 0, then determine the second The synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the UE belongs to the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol, that is, the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol. Specifically, if it is determined that 10×f+s is equal to i1 and i1 is equal to the offset value of 21, or that 10×f+s is determined to be equal to i2 and i2 is equal to the offset value of 21, it is determined that the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE is Type 21; if it is determined that 10×f+s is equal to i1 and i1 is equal to the offset value of 22, or it is determined that 10×f+s is equal to i2 and i2 is equal to the offset value of 22, then determine that the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE is Type 22; if it is determined that (10×f+s)% 256 is equal to the offset value 23 (for example, the offset value 23 is equal to 0), it is determined that the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE is type 23.

S4b. If the values of i1, i2 and i3 determined by formula (II) to formula (V) are not equal to offset value 21, offset value 22 and offset value 23, then determine the synchronization offset corresponding to the second UE The shift indication type does not belong to the second V2X communication protocol, that is, the communication protocol of the second UE is not the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol.

It should be noted that, when the V2X communication protocol in which the multiple UEs included in the V2X communication system are located includes more than two V2X communication protocols, the first UE may also use the calculation formulas corresponding to the types of other V2X communication protocols to continue to follow the above similar manner. The communication protocol of the second UE is determined by means of the method, and the embodiment of the present application only takes two V2X communication protocols as an example for description, and does not limit the embodiment of the present application.

Further, when the at least one UE includes multiple UEs, and the V2X communication protocols of the multiple UEs are different from the first V2X communication protocol, the second UE may be selected by the first UE from the multiple UEs according to the priority UE with the highest priority. The multiple UEs may be UEs under the same V2X communication protocol, for example, the multiple UEs are all under the second V2X communication protocol; or the multiple UEs are UEs under different V2X communication protocols, for example, the multiple UEs are under different V2X communication protocols. Each UE includes two UEs, one UE is in the second V2X communication protocol, and the other UE is in the third V2X communication protocol. The third V2X communication protocol may refer to the same underlying technology as the first V2X communication protocol or the second V2X communication protocol. Different V2X communication protocols.

Exemplarily, assuming that the multiple UEs include UE1 to UE3, and UE1 to UE3 are all in the second V2X communication protocol, if the priority of UE1 is lower than that of UE2 and the priority of UE2 is lower than that of UE3, then the first The UE may determine UE3 as the second UE.

It should be noted that the priorities of the multiple UEs may be sorted according to one or more of the signal energy, coverage, synchronization level, and priorities indicated by related protocols, and the embodiments of the present application are for this No specific description is given.

S303: The first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol.

Wherein, when the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, the first UE may terminate the current service, and reconfigure the first UE according to the parameters or calculation formulas corresponding to the second V2X communication protocol, so as to switch the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol. The second V2X communication protocol.

In a possible embodiment, the switching of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol may specifically be: when the first UE does not receive the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period, the first UE The UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol. In another possible embodiment, the switching of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol may specifically be: when the first UE periodically receives the synchronization information of the second UE within the second time period, the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol. In another possible embodiment, the switching of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol may specifically be: when the first UE does not receive the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period, and When periodically receiving the synchronization information of the second UE within the second time period, the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol.

Optionally, the switching of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol may further include: the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period. For example, the second UE is the only UE in the second V2X communication protocol, or the UEs in the second V2X communication protocol include only the second UE, and the first UE can switch to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period. In this way, it can be avoided that both the first UE and the second UE switch the V2X communication protocol, so that the first UE still cannot be in the same V2X communication protocol with the second UE after the switching. Of course, in practical applications, when the UE in the second V2X communication protocol includes other UEs besides the second UE, the first UE can also switch to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period.

It should be noted that the first duration and the second duration can be set in advance, and the first duration and the second duration can be equal or unequal, the third duration can also be set in advance, and the third duration can be set to a random duration It can also be set as a fixed duration, and the specific values of the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Further, referring to FIG. 4, before S303, the method may further include: S300.

S300: The first UE acquires handover authorization information, where the handover authorization information is used to indicate a V2X communication protocol that allows the first UE to be handed over.

Wherein, the authority to allow switching of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE may be configured by the system or may be set by the user. When the authority is configured by the system, the system may automatically configure the switching authority of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE as authorization. When the permission is set by the user, the user may set the switching permission of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE to authorized in advance, or set the switching permission of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE to unauthorized. Further, when the user sets the switching authority of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE to unauthorized, the first UE may also display switching prompt information to the user to prompt the user to set the switching authority of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE to authorized.

Specifically, when the handover authority of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE is authorized, the first UE can directly obtain handover authorization information according to the handover authority, that is, the first UE can directly determine that the V2X communication protocol of the first UE is allowed to be handed over. When the handover authority of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE is unauthorized, the first UE may send an authorization request to prompt the user to set the handover authority of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE to authorize, so that when the user sets the authority to authorize When , the first UE can obtain the handover authorization information.

S304: The first UE realizes signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol.

When the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, both the first UE and the second UE are in the second V2X communication protocol, so that the first UE and the second UE can achieve signal synchronization, thereby solving the problem of different situations in the prior art. There is a problem that the two UEs of the V2X communication protocol cannot achieve signal synchronization between the two UEs according to the prior art.

Exemplarily, when the first UE is within the coverage of the GNSS or the cell and the second UE is not within the coverage of the GNSS or the cell, after the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, the first UE can synchronize to the GNSS or the cell, and send a synchronization signal to the second UE to synchronize the second UE to the first UE, so as to realize signal synchronization between the first UE and the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol. Alternatively, when neither the first UE nor the second UE is within the coverage of the GNSS or the cell, the first UE synchronizes itself first, and sends a synchronization signal to the UE to synchronize the second UE to the first UE, thereby implementing the first UE. The UE and the second UE are synchronized based on the signals of the second V2X communication protocol. For the specific process of implementing signal synchronization between the first UE and the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol, reference may be made to the detailed description of the related art, and details are not described herein again in this embodiment of the present application.

Further, the at least one UE further includes a third UE. Referring to FIG. 4 , the method may further include: S303a-S304a.

S303a: When the first UE determines that the V2X communication protocol of the third UE is the first V2X communication protocol, the first UE maintains the first V2X communication protocol.

Wherein, when the at least one UE includes a second UE and a third UE, the first UE may obtain the synchronization information of the third UE, and determine the third UE according to the synchronization information of the third UE according to the methods described in S1 to S3 above. The V2X communication protocol of the UE is the first V2X communication protocol. At this time, at least one UE around the first UE includes a second UE in the second V2X communication protocol and a third UE in the first V2X communication protocol, so that the first UE can maintain the first V2X communication protocol, that is, the first The UE may not switch the V2X communication protocol and is still in the first V2X communication protocol. Alternatively, the first UE inhibits the first UE from switching to the second V2X communication protocol.

S304a: The first UE realizes signal synchronization with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol.

When the first UE maintains the first V2X communication protocol, both the first UE and the third UE are in the first V2X communication protocol, so that the first UE and the third UE can realize signal synchronization based on the first V2X communication protocol, and then the signal synchronization After that, data transmission is performed to realize information transmission between the first UE and the third UE.

For ease of understanding, the following takes the structural block diagram of the first UE shown in FIG. 5 as an example to illustrate the technical solution provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 5 , the first UE may include: a communication protocol management unit 501 , an authorization management unit 502 , a synchronization state management unit 503 , a synchronization state detection unit 504 , a signal synchronization unit 505 and a signal transceiving unit 506 . The communication protocol management unit 501 is mainly used to control the V2X communication protocol of the first UE, for example, select the default V2X communication protocol when the first UE is powered on, and determine whether the V2X communication protocol needs to be switched during the operation of the first UE. The authorization request is triggered when the V2X communication protocol needs to be switched, and the V2X communication protocol is controlled to be switched after the authorization is confirmed. The authorization management unit 502 is mainly used to store or manage authorization information, for example, when the user sets in advance to allow switching of the V2X communication protocol, store the authorization information, or prompt the user whether to switch the V2X communication protocol when the user does not have prior authorization. The synchronization state management unit 503 is mainly used to cache synchronization information of at least one UE detected by the synchronization state detection unit 504, determine the V2X communication protocol of each UE, and control the signal synchronization unit 505 to realize signal synchronization. The synchronization state detection unit 504 is mainly used for analyzing and classifying the detected synchronization signal of the at least one UE, and for prioritizing the at least one UE. The signal synchronization unit 505 is mainly used for realizing signal synchronization between the first UE and other UEs, for example, for realizing signal synchronization between the first UE and the second UE or the third UE. The signal transceiving unit 506 is mainly used for sending synchronization information of the first UE, detecting or receiving synchronization information of other UEs, and performing information transmission after signal synchronization with other UEs.

Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the present application, when the signal transceiving unit 506 receives synchronization information of at least one UE, the synchronization state detecting unit 504 may parse the synchronization information of the at least one UE, and prioritize the at least one UE. Then send the relevant information to the synchronization state management unit 503, for example, the synchronization state detection unit 504 parses the synchronization information of the second UE to obtain the SLSS identity of the second UE and the main information block of the second UE, and sends them to the synchronization state Management unit 503. The synchronization state management unit 503 buffers the received relevant information, and determines the V2X communication protocol of each UE according to the relevant information, for example, determines that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol, and determines the V2X communication protocol of the third UE The communication protocol is the first V2X communication protocol. Afterwards, the synchronization state management unit 503 may send each UE and relevant information of the V2X communication protocol in which the UE is located to the communication protocol management unit 501, and the communication protocol management unit 501 determines whether the V2X communication protocol needs to be switched. If it is determined that switching is required, the communication protocol management unit 501 can apply to the authorization management unit 502 for authorization. If the user has been authorized in advance, the authorization management unit 502 can directly reply to the communication protocol management unit 501 that the authorization is successful. If the user has not authorized in advance, the authorization management unit 502 prompts the user to reply to the communication protocol management unit 501 that the authorization is successful after obtaining the authorization. After the communication protocol management unit 501 receives the successful authorization information, the communication protocol management unit 501 can switch the V2X communication protocol. For example, the communication protocol management unit 501 switches the V2X communication protocol of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol.

In the method provided by this embodiment of the present application, when the first UE acquires the synchronization information of at least one UE, if it is determined according to the synchronization information that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE of the at least one UE is the second V2X communication protocol and is the same as the first V2X communication protocol When the first V2X communication protocol of the UE is different, the UE can switch to the second V2X communication protocol and achieve signal synchronization with the second UE, thereby solving the problem that two UEs in different V2X communication protocols cannot achieve signal synchronization in the prior art. Further, when at least one UE further includes a third UE and the V2X communication protocol of the third UE is the first V2X communication protocol, the first UE maintains the first V2X communication protocol and implements a signal with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol. synchronization, thereby avoiding the problem that the first UE cannot stably receive the synchronization information of the second UE, and the signal synchronization between the first UE and the second UE cannot be realized, thereby causing communication failure.

The foregoing mainly introduces the solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application from the perspective of interaction between various network elements. It can be understood that each network element, such as the first UE and the second UE. In order to realize the above-mentioned functions, it includes corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for executing each function. Those skilled in the art should easily realize that the present application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is performed by hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

In this embodiment of the present application, the first UE may be divided into functional modules according to the foregoing method examples. For example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware, and can also be implemented in the form of software function modules. It should be noted that, the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division manners in actual implementation. The following is an example of dividing each function module corresponding to each function to illustrate:

In the case of using an integrated unit, FIG. 6 shows a possible schematic structural diagram of the signal synchronization apparatus involved in the above embodiment. The apparatus may be the first UE or a built-in chip of the first UE, and the apparatus includes: an acquiring unit 601 , a determining unit 602 , a switching unit 603 and a synchronization unit 604 . Wherein, the obtaining unit 601 is configured to support the device to perform S301 or S300 in the foregoing embodiment; the determining unit 602 is configured to support the device to perform S302 in the foregoing embodiment, or determine in S303a that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the first Steps of a V2X communication protocol, and/or other processes for the techniques described herein; the switching unit 603 is used to support the device to perform S303 or S303a in the above embodiment; the synchronization unit 604 is used to support the device to perform the above implementation Example S304 or S304a. The acquisition unit 601 may correspond to the signal transceiving unit 506 and the authorization management unit 502 in FIG. 5 , the determining unit 602 may correspond to the synchronization state management unit 503 and the synchronization state detection unit 504 in FIG. 5 , and the switching unit 603 may correspond to the The communication protocol management unit 501 and the synchronization unit 604 may correspond to the signal synchronization unit 505 in FIG. 5 .

It should be noted that, all relevant contents of the steps involved in the above method embodiments can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional module, which will not be repeated here.

Based on hardware implementation, the determining unit 602 and the switching unit 603 in this application may be part of the functions of the processor of the device, and the acquiring unit 601 and the synchronization unit 604 may be part of the functions of the transceiver and processor of the device The transceiver may generally include a transmitter and a receiver, and a specific transceiver may also be referred to as a communication interface.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a possible logical structure of the signal synchronization apparatus involved in the above embodiments provided by the embodiments of the present application. The apparatus may be the first UE or a built-in chip of the first UE, and the apparatus includes: a processor 702 and a communication interface 703 . The processor 702 is used to control and manage the actions of the device. For example, the processor 702 can be used to support the device to perform S301 to S304a in the above embodiments through the communication interface 703, and/or other techniques used in the techniques described herein. process. In addition, the device can also include a memory 701 and a bus 704, the processor 702, the communication interface 703 and the memory 701 are connected to each other through the bus 704; the communication interface 703 is used to support the device to communicate; the memory 701 is used to store the program code of the device and data.

The processor 702 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute the various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with this disclosure. The processor may also be a combination that performs computing functions, such as a combination comprising one or more microprocessors, a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, and the like. The bus 704 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus or the like. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 7, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

In another embodiment of the present application, a readable storage medium is also provided, where computer execution instructions are stored in the readable storage medium. Steps of the first UE in the provided signal synchronization method. The aforementioned readable storage medium may include: U disk, removable hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

In another embodiment of the present application, a computer program product is also provided, the computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium; at least one processor of the device can be obtained from a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-executable instruction is read by reading the storage medium, and at least one processor executes the computer-executable instruction to cause the device to perform steps of the first UE in the signal synchronization method provided by the above method embodiments.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this, and any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the present application. within the scope of protection of the application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A method for signal synchronization between user equipments, characterized in that the method comprises:

The first user equipment UE acquires synchronization information of at least one UE, where the at least one UE includes a second UE;

The first UE determines that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol according to the synchronization information of the second UE, and the second V2X communication protocol is the same as the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE different;

the first UE is switched to the second V2X communication protocol;

The first UE realizes signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the switching of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol comprises:

When the first UE does not receive the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period, the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, further comprising:

When the first UE periodically receives the synchronization information of the second UE within a second time period, the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol.
The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein before the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, the method further comprises:

The first UE acquires handover authorization information, where the handover authorization information is used to indicate a V2X communication protocol that allows handover of the first UE.
The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein when the UEs in the second V2X communication protocol only include the second UE, the first UE switches to the second V2X Communication protocols, including:

The first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period.
The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the at least one UE includes multiple UEs, and the V2X communication protocols of the at least multiple UEs are all different from the first V2X communication protocol, so The method also includes:

The first UE selects the UE with the highest priority from the plurality of UEs as the second UE according to the priority.
The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the synchronization information of the second UE includes at least one of the following: a direct link synchronization signal SLSS identifier of the second UE, the second UE The main information block of the UE.
The method according to claim 7, wherein the main information block includes a frame number and a subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located, and the first UE determines the synchronization information according to the synchronization information of the second UE. The V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol, including:

The first UE determines that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol according to the frame number in which the synchronization information of the second UE is located and the subframe number.
The method according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the at least one UE further comprises a third UE, and the method further comprises:

The first UE determines that the V2X communication protocol of the third UE is the first V2X communication protocol;

The first UE maintains the first V2X communication protocol.
The method according to claim 9, wherein the method further comprises:

The first UE realizes signal synchronization with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol.
The method according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is a 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other is a CCSALTE-V2X communication protocol communication protocol; or, one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is the WAVE V2X communication protocol, and the other is the CCSA WAVE V2X communication protocol.
A signal synchronization apparatus, characterized in that, the apparatus, as a first user equipment UE or a built-in chip of the first UE, includes:

an acquiring unit, configured to acquire synchronization information of at least one UE, where the at least one UE includes a second UE;

A determining unit, configured to determine, according to the synchronization information of the second UE, that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is a second V2X communication protocol, and the second V2X communication protocol is the same as the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE different;

a switching unit for switching to the second V2X communication protocol;

A synchronization unit, configured to realize signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol.
The device according to claim 12, wherein the switching unit is further configured to:

When the first UE does not receive the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period, it switches to the second V2X communication protocol.
The device according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the switching unit is further configured to:

When the first UE periodically receives the synchronization information of the second UE within a second time period, it switches to the second V2X communication protocol.
The device according to any one of claims 12-14, wherein the acquiring unit is further configured to:

Obtain handover authorization information, where the handover authorization information is used to indicate that the V2X communication protocol of the first UE is allowed to be handed over.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 12-15, wherein when the UE in the second V2X communication protocol includes only the second UE, the switching unit is further configured to:

Switch to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 12-16, wherein the at least one UE includes multiple UEs, and V2X communication protocols of the at least multiple UEs are all different from the first V2X communication protocol, so The determination unit described above is also used to:

The UE with the highest priority is selected from the plurality of UEs as the second UE according to the priority.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 12 to 17, wherein the synchronization information of the second UE includes at least one of the following: an SLSS identifier of a direct link synchronization signal of the second UE, the second UE The main information block of the UE.
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the main information block includes a frame number and a subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located, and the determining unit is further configured to:

According to the frame number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located and the subframe number, it is determined that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 12-19, wherein the at least one UE further comprises a third UE;

The determining unit is further configured to determine that the V2X communication protocol of the third UE is the first V2X communication protocol;

The switching unit is further configured to maintain the first V2X communication protocol.
The device according to claim 20, wherein the synchronization unit is further configured to:

Signal synchronization is achieved with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 12-21, wherein one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is a 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other is a CCSALTE-V2X communication protocol communication protocol; or, one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is the WAVE V2X communication protocol, and the other is the CCSA WAVE V2X communication protocol.
A signal synchronization apparatus, characterized in that, as a first user equipment UE or a built-in chip of the first UE, the apparatus includes: a processor and a memory, and the processor is configured to run instructions in the memory, so that The apparatus performs the method of any one of claims 1-11.
A readable storage medium, characterized in that, the readable storage medium stores instructions, when the readable storage medium runs on a device, the device causes the device to execute any one of claims 1-11. Methods.
A computer program product, characterized in that, when the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method of any one of claims 1-11.