WO2021258119A1 - Procédé et appareil de conditionnement de gaz - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil de conditionnement de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021258119A1
WO2021258119A1 PCT/AT2020/060255 AT2020060255W WO2021258119A1 WO 2021258119 A1 WO2021258119 A1 WO 2021258119A1 AT 2020060255 W AT2020060255 W AT 2020060255W WO 2021258119 A1 WO2021258119 A1 WO 2021258119A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
heat exchanger
expansion device
compressor
control valve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2020/060255
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael TIELSCH
Stefan LACHMANN
Original Assignee
Christof Global Impact Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Christof Global Impact Ltd. filed Critical Christof Global Impact Ltd.
Priority to PCT/AT2020/060255 priority Critical patent/WO2021258119A1/fr
Priority to EP20739241.6A priority patent/EP4172538A1/fr
Publication of WO2021258119A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021258119A1/fr

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/004Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being air
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04Cooling of air intake supply
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for conditioning a gas, in particular combustion air, on a test stand for internal combustion engines or fuel cells, by means of a device which has at least one compressor, a heat exchanger and an expansion device, the gas being fed to the device.
  • the invention also relates to a device for conditioning a gas, wherein the gas can be guided through the device in one flow direction, comprising at least one compressor for compressing the gas and an expansion device for expanding the gas, the expansion device being arranged downstream of the at least one compressor in the flow direction is.
  • test item For a test of internal combustion engines, fuel cells or the like, it is often necessary that a test item is supplied with a well-defined and specially conditioned combustion air. It is important here that various parameters of the combustion air, especially humidity and temperature, are set as precisely as possible.
  • Known devices include, for example, refrigeration dryers for drying compressed air or devices for drying air in an air conditioning system.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the beginning with which combustion air can be conditioned precisely and in a large temperature range at lower operating costs.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset with which combustion air can be conditioned precisely and over a wide temperature range.
  • the first object is achieved according to the invention in that, in a method of the type mentioned at the outset, at least one parameter of the supplied gas, in particular a pressure, a temperature, a humidity and / or a volume, is measured, after which the gas is compressed, after which a first Portion of the compressed gas is passed through the heat exchanger, the first portion being cooled and / or dehumidified in the heat exchanger, after which the cooled and / or dehumidified gas is expanded in an expansion device, after which the expanded gas is led out of the device.
  • at least one parameter of the supplied gas in particular a pressure, a temperature, a humidity and / or a volume
  • the gas preferably combustion air for a test item on a test stand
  • the device is fed to the device.
  • one or more parameters of the supplied gas are first measured. These parameters usually include the pressure, the temperature, the humidity and / or the volume of the supplied gas.
  • other parameters such as a composition of the gas and / or a concentration of individual constituents of the gas, in particular an oxygen content, a nitrogen content and / or a CO 2 content, can be measured. After the parameters have been determined, the gas is compressed, with a temperature of the gas being increased.
  • the air in the heat exchanger can be cooled to a certain intermediate temperature and / or dehumidified.
  • the gas is expanded in the expansion device and thus brought to a desired pressure and / or from the intermediate temperature to a desired or required final temperature.
  • a second portion of the compressed gas is passed past the heat exchanger and mixed with the first portion passed through the heat exchanger.
  • This can, for example, increase the humidity of the gas and / or a higher intermediate temperature can be reached than if the entire gas is passed through the heat exchanger and is consequently cooled and / or dehumidified.
  • the gas can be passed through the heat exchanger completely or, if necessary in various stages, in part.
  • the at least one parameter of the gas in particular the pressure, the temperature, the humidity and / or the volume, is recorded in at least one further process step, possibly after compressing the gas and / or immediately before the expansion of the Gas and / or after releasing the gas.
  • process steps are, for example, between compression and cooling and / or dehumidification, between cooling and / or dehumidification and relaxation, subsequent to relaxation, after mixing the first part with the second part and / or immediately before releasing the conditioned one Gas from the device.
  • such a measurement can take place, for example, between the compressor and the heat exchanger, between the heat exchanger and the expansion device, and / or subsequent to the expansion device.
  • the pressure, the humidity and / or the temperature are measured after the compaction, since it is these parameters in particular that change. It has proven useful if the parameters are also measured after cooling and / or dehumidifying the gas. This can be useful if a certain proportion of the gas is led past the heat exchanger.
  • one or more parameters preferably the pressure, the humidity and / or the temperature, are measured after the first component has been mixed with the second component.
  • the gas is compressed to a pressure of at least 0.2 bar, in particular to a pressure of 0.5 bar to 2 bar.
  • a required increase in the temperature of the gas is achieved.
  • the temperature of the gas can optionally rise to at least 100.degree. C., for example up to 170.degree.
  • a ratio of the first portion to the second portion is advantageously regulated as a function of a desired temperature and / or humidity of the gas, preferably by means of at least one control valve.
  • the first portion can be at least about 5%, 10%,
  • the second portion usually comprises about 95%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5% or 0% of the supplied gas.
  • the first portion can be regulated, for example, by means of a heat exchanger control valve, which is usually arranged upstream of the heat exchanger in the direction of flow.
  • the second component is usually regulated by means of a heat exchanger bypass control valve.
  • the first component and / or the second component is each regulated by a control valve, preferably a flap valve, actuated in particular by a drive means.
  • a control valve preferably a flap valve
  • the drive means for example a stepping motor or a servo motor, to actuate the control valve or the control valves, an at least partial automation of the method can be achieved.
  • a condensate which is separated from the gas in the heat exchanger, is collected in a condensate container, the condensate container being emptied after a certain fill level has been reached, in particular by actuating at least one drain valve.
  • condensate is produced when the gas is dehumidified.
  • it can be collected in a condensate container provided for this purpose and only removed when a certain fill level is reached. This avoids a complex suction or pumping mechanism which would otherwise be required for removing small amounts of the condensate.
  • the collected condensate can be conveyed out of the condensate container by means of an auxiliary fan.
  • the gas in the expansion device is at least partially expanded in a turbine, in particular a speed-regulated turbine, and optionally partially guided past the turbine.
  • the gas can be brought to a desired pressure and / or a desired or required final temperature.
  • the energy released in the process can be used by the turbine and, if necessary, converted into another form of energy.
  • the gas can at least partially be led past the turbine.
  • control valves can be provided with which an amount of gas is controlled that is passed through the turbine or past it. For example, for maintenance work on the turbine or for relieving the load on the turbine, it can also be advantageous to lead the gas completely past the turbine.
  • the turbine is driven by expanding the gas, with electricity being generated, which is optionally supplied to the device, in particular to the at least one compressor.
  • a generator for example, can be driven by means of the turbine.
  • the electrical current obtained by converting the energy released is used, if necessary, to operate the compressor.
  • the device optionally has a frequency converter for this purpose. The method can thereby be carried out in an energy-efficient manner, since an amount of an externally fed-in electric current is reduced. Alternatively, the electricity generated can be fed into an external power grid.
  • ice crystals are separated from the expanded gas, in particular in an ice separator, and are collected in an ice container. When the gas is let down, it cools down, and ice crystals may develop in the gas. It is advantageous here if the ice crystals are separated out in a cyclone separator.
  • the ice crystals are expediently melted by a supply of ambient air, after which they are discharged as liquid condensate. Since the temperature of the ambient air is usually sufficient to melt ice crystals, the ice container can be exposed to the ambient air by means of an auxiliary fan. This makes the ice crystals particularly energy efficient be melted as no additional heating is required. In addition, the now liquid condensate can be removed in a simple manner.
  • the gas preferably the expanded gas
  • a steam generator At least 5 g, in particular 10 g to 20 g, particularly preferably about 16 g of water per kilogram of dehumidified gas can be introduced into the dehumidified gas.
  • the gas in particular the cooled and / or dehumidified gas
  • the cooled and / or dehumidified gas is advantageously heated before it is led past the turbine. In this way, a higher temperature of the gas can be reached and, if necessary, a gas with a higher final temperature can be fed to the test object.
  • the further object is achieved according to the invention in that in a device of the type mentioned at least one measuring device for measuring at least one parameter of the gas and a heat exchanger for cooling and / or dehumidifying the gas are provided, the heat exchanger in the direction of flow between the at least one Compressor and the expansion device is arranged and wherein a main line is provided to lead a first portion of the gas through the heat exchanger.
  • the device is constructed in such a way that the gas can be guided through the device in the direction of flow, the compressor, the heat exchanger and the expansion device being arranged one after the other in the direction of flow.
  • the device expediently has a feed line through which the gas can be fed into the device.
  • the supply line advantageously has a filter, for example a dust filter, in order to filter the supplied gas. This will ensures that no contaminants or only a small amount of contaminants are introduced into the device.
  • a speed-regulated, in particular high-speed, side-channel compressor is preferably provided for compressing the gas.
  • the device has a second compressor, which is normally constructed in the same way as the first compressor, in order to enable a higher throughput if necessary.
  • the compressed gas can at least partially flow through the heat exchanger.
  • the gas cooled and / or dehumidified in the heat exchanger can then flow through the expansion device, in which the gas is expanded again.
  • the gas is led through the main line to the heat exchanger and through it.
  • the device has at least one, as a rule several, measuring devices in order to measure parameters of the supplied gas. At least one initial measuring device is advantageously positioned in the supply line so that at least one parameter of the supplied gas can be measured.
  • the device has at least one further measuring device, in particular a compressor measuring device, a heat exchanger measuring device and an expansion measuring device, which are located downstream of the at least one compressor, the heat exchanger and / or the expansion device. This ensures that several parameters of the gas are recorded in different process steps. At least one parameter of the gas is advantageously detected in at least one, two, three, four or more process steps.
  • the measuring devices can each be designed to measure at least one parameter, the parameter or parameters preferably from a list comprising temperature, pressure, humidity, volume of the supplied gas, volume of a gas flowing through, flow rate, composition of the gas, oxygen content, nitrogen content, C0 2 content and the like are selected.
  • At least one bypass line is provided in order to at least partially lead the gas past the heat exchanger and / or the expansion device, with a heat exchanger bypass line preferably in Direction of flow branches off from the main line before the heat exchanger and opens into the main line in the direction of flow after the heat exchanger and / or an expansion device bypass line branches off from the main line in the direction of flow before the expansion device and opens into the main line in the direction of flow after the expansion device.
  • a heat exchanger bypass line is positioned in such a way that a second portion of the gas can bypass the heat exchanger.
  • the expansion device bypass line is arranged in such a way that the gas can partially bypass the expansion device.
  • a second portion of the gas can flow past the heat exchanger through the heat exchanger bypass line.
  • the bypass line opens into the main line after the heat exchanger, so that the first part and the second part are mixed.
  • At least one measuring device is preferably provided in the area of the mouth so that at least one parameter of the gas, in particular of the combined first and second components, can be measured.
  • the gas can advantageously partially flow past the expansion device through the expansion device bypass line. As a result, a final temperature can be regulated and / or the expansion device can be relieved.
  • At least one control valve is expediently provided to regulate a volume flow through the device, the main line preferably having a heat exchanger control valve and / or an expansion device control valve and / or a bypass line each having a bypass control valve. It has proven useful if the control valve or valves are designed as flap valves. A stepper motor and / or a servomotor are advantageously provided for setting the control valve or valves.
  • the heat exchanger bypass line preferably has a heat exchanger bypass control valve on.
  • the main line generally has a heat exchanger regulating valve in order to regulate the first portion which flows through the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger bypass control valve and / or the heat exchanger control valve are advantageously designed as a flap valve.
  • a stepper motor is particularly preferably provided in each case for setting the heat exchanger bypass control valve and / or the heat exchanger control valve.
  • the expansion device bypass line for regulating the volume flow through it preferably has a control valve or an expansion device bypass control valve.
  • the main line generally has an expansion device control valve in order to regulate a volume flow through the expansion device.
  • the expansion device bypass control valve and / or the expansion device control valve are advantageously designed as a flap valve. It has proven useful if a servomotor is provided for setting the expansion device bypass control valve and / or the expansion device control valve.
  • the heat exchanger has a condensate separator, the condensate separator preferably comprising a condensate container.
  • a condensate accumulates in the heat exchanger, which can be separated with the condensate separator and possibly collected in the condensate container.
  • the device optionally has an auxiliary fan for emptying the condensate container.
  • the condensate container has a level measuring device for detecting a level in the condensate container.
  • the condensate separator advantageously comprises at least one drain valve, which is designed to be openable depending on the fill level.
  • the drain valve opens automatically when a certain fill level in the condensate container is reached and / or exceeded.
  • a control device is provided, if necessary, which compares data from the level measuring device with a predefined threshold value and expediently opens the drain valve when the threshold value is reached and / or exceeded.
  • the expansion device is designed to generate electricity and an electrical connection is preferably provided between the expansion device and the at least one compressor in order to supply a generated electricity to the compressor.
  • the expansion device has a speed-regulated, in particular high-speed, turbine which, if necessary, drives a generator. By converting the energy released during the expansion of the gas into electrical energy or electrical current, the energy efficiency of the device can be improved.
  • a steam generator is advantageously provided which is in fluid connection with the main line after the expansion device in the direction of flow.
  • the device has a steam line which connects the steam generator to the main line.
  • a steam generated with the steam generator can be guided into the main line, preferably via the steam line, in order to humidify the expanded gas.
  • an ice separator is provided which is positioned downstream of the expansion device in the direction of flow. Since the gas usually becomes very cold when the pressure is released and reaches a temperature of, for example, -30 ° C., ice crystals can form, which are normally separated from the gas, especially if there is residual moisture in the gas.
  • the ice separator advantageously comprises an ice container.
  • the ice container is preferably double-walled, with a cavity being provided between an inner wall and an outer wall of the ice container.
  • a fluid for example a heating fluid or ambient air, can be passed through the cavity in order to melt ice collected in the ice container.
  • the ambient air can be conveyed through the cavity with the auxiliary fan.
  • an additional auxiliary fan can be provided in order to convey the ambient air through the cavity.
  • a heating device is provided, which is arranged in the flow direction between the heat exchanger and the expansion device.
  • the heating device is preferably upstream of a branch in the flow direction in the flow direction Expansion device bypass line arranged so that the gas can be heated before it is led past the expansion device or the turbine.
  • the device is designed as a unit, with individual elements, in particular the at least one compressor, the heat exchanger and the expansion device, being mounted on a frame and / or within the frame.
  • the device can be designed to be particularly compact.
  • a profile frame in particular an aluminum profile frame, can be provided for this purpose.
  • Several cover plates can be fixed to the frame as an enclosure.
  • the heat exchanger advantageously includes liquid cooling, a supply for a cooling liquid optionally having a temperature monitoring device.
  • a further regulating valve is preferably provided to control the amount of coolant.
  • the amount of cooling liquid is regulated as a function of the desired temperature and / or humidity of the gas to be conditioned.
  • the liquid cooling is usually designed as a cooling circuit.
  • the device expediently has a discharge line through which the conditioned gas can be guided out of the device, in particular to a test object.
  • a section of the main line at the end is usually referred to as a discharge line.
  • an additional discharge line can be provided which is in fluid connection with the main line.
  • a test item bypass line can be provided, which is designed in such a way that just the amount of gas required for the test is led through the discharge line to the test item, with a remaining gas being led past the test item through the test item bypass line and with an exhaust gas of the DUT is mixed and released into the open air.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a device for conditioning a gas
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a supplemented device
  • FIG. 3 shows a detailed schematic representation of such a device.
  • a device 1 for conditioning a gas is shown schematically in FIG. 1, the gas being able to be guided through the device 1 in the direction of flow S.
  • the device 1 comprises a compressor 2, a heat exchanger 3 and an expansion device 4.
  • the heat exchanger 3 is arranged downstream of the compressor 2 and the expansion device 4 of the heat exchanger 3 in the direction of flow S.
  • each measuring device 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d comprises several suitable sensors in order to detect several parameters with the respective measuring device 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d.
  • the device 1 can in particular have one, two, three, four or more such measuring devices 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, which are optionally positioned in different process sections.
  • the device 1 expediently has an initial measuring device 5a, a compressor measuring device 5b, a heat exchanger measuring device 5c and / or an expansion measuring device 5d.
  • the initial measuring device 5a is usually arranged upstream of the compressor 2 in the direction of flow S, this being preferably designed to detect the pressure, the temperature, the humidity and / or the volume of the gas.
  • the compressor measuring device 5b can be positioned in the flow direction S between the compressor 2 and the heat exchanger 3, this being generally designed to detect the pressure and / or the temperature of the gas.
  • the heat exchanger measuring device 5c can be arranged in the flow direction S between the heat exchanger 3 and the expansion device 4, this preferably being designed to detect the temperature and / or the humidity of the gas.
  • the expansion measuring device 5d is usually positioned downstream of the expansion device 4 in the direction of flow S, this usually being designed to detect the pressure and / or the temperature of the gas. If necessary, an end measuring device 5e can be provided in order to detect at least one of the parameters of the gas before the gas flows out of the device 1.
  • the main line 6 is expediently in fluid connection with several components of the device 1, in particular with the compressor 2, the heat exchanger 3 and the expansion device 4.
  • the device 1 can also have two or more compressors 2.
  • the compressed gas is usually brought together in the main line 6 following the compressor 2.
  • the device 1 also has a feed line 7 and a discharge line 8 in order to guide the gas into the device 1 and out of the device 1, respectively.
  • a section of the main line 6 at the beginning in the flow direction S is designated as feed line 7 and an end section of main line 6 is designated as discharge line 8.
  • a separate feed line 7 and / or discharge line 8 can also be provided, which are each connected to the main line 6. All of the lines can each be tubular or hose-shaped.
  • the feed line 7 can have a filter, preferably a dust filter, in particular a dust filter of filter class G3 or G4, in order to filter the supplied gas.
  • the device 1 has a heating device which is optionally arranged between the heat exchanger 3 and the expansion device 4.
  • the device 1 can have one or more bypass lines 9a, 9b.
  • the bypass lines 9a, 9b usually branch out of the main line 6 at a branch, which is upstream of a component to be bypassed in the direction of flow S and open in an orifice, which is located downstream of the component to be bypassed in the direction of flow S, into the main line 6, as is shown schematically in FIG. 2, for example.
  • bypass lines 9a, 9b are provided in the device 1 for conditioning a gas shown in FIG. 2, several, in particular two, bypass lines 9a, 9b are provided.
  • the device 1 here has a heat exchanger bypass line 9 a in order to at least partially guide the gas past the heat exchanger 3.
  • the device 1 can have an expansion device bypass line 9b in order to at least partially lead the gas past the expansion device 4.
  • the heat exchanger bypass line 9a preferably branches off in the flow direction S upstream of the heat exchanger 3 at a heat exchanger junction from the main line 6 and opens in the flow direction S after the heat exchanger 3 in a heat exchanger opening into the main line 6 when the expansion device bypass line 9b branches off in the flow direction S upstream of the expansion device 4 at an expansion device junction from the main line 6 and opens in the flow direction S after the expansion device 4 in an expansion device mouth into the main line 6.
  • control valves 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d can be provided.
  • the control valve or valves 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d are usually arranged upstream of the respective component in the flow direction S, preferably between the respective branch and the component, and / or in the area of the respective bypass line 9a, 9b, usually between the respective junction and the corresponding mouth. It is favorable if the control valves 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d are designed as flap valves.
  • the main line 6 and / or the heat exchanger bypass line 9a each have a control valve 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d.
  • a heat exchanger control valve 10a is preferably between a heat exchanger junction and the Heat exchanger 3 positioned.
  • a heat exchanger bypass control valve 10b is usually arranged between the heat exchanger junction and a heat exchanger outlet.
  • the main line 6 and / or the expansion device bypass line 9b each have a control valve 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d in order to regulate the volume flow through the expansion device 4.
  • an expansion device control valve 10c is positioned between an expansion device branch and the expansion device 4.
  • An expansion device bypass control valve 10d is typically located between the expansion device junction and an expansion device port.
  • a further measuring device for determining at least one parameter of the gas is provided downstream of the mouth or mouths in the direction of flow S, since the parameters generally change when differently treated gas components are mixed.
  • the further measuring device of the heat exchanger opening is preferably designed to detect the temperature and the humidity of the gas.
  • the further measuring device of the expansion device opening is advantageously designed to detect the temperature, the humidity and the pressure.
  • a device 1 for conditioning a gas is shown schematically, wherein several additional functional components are provided.
  • a device 1 has, for example, several, in particular two, compressors 2.
  • the compressor or compressors 2 are generally designed as side channel compressors, which are preferably designed to be speed-controlled and / or high-speed.
  • the compressor or compressors 2 usually each include a fan which rotates at a maximum of 12,500 rpm and which normally has a drive power of approximately 32 kW.
  • An axial fan 11 can be provided for cooling the compressor 2 or the compressor 2.
  • the axial fan 11 is generally arranged in such a way that the compressor or compressors 2 can be acted upon by the axial fan 11 with ambient air. To ensure precise and, if necessary, automatic setting of the
  • the device 1 can have one or more
  • Drive means 12a, 12b for example one or more motors, in particular
  • control valves 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d Preferably each has
  • Control valve 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d have a drive means 12a, 12b. This is advantageous
  • Control valve 10d each have a servomotor 12b for adjustment.
  • the heat exchanger 3 expediently comprises a condensate separator, the condensate separator generally having a condensate container 13.
  • a condensate container 13 can have a level sensor, for example. It can thus be provided that measured values of the fill level sensor are compared with a defined threshold value from the fill level switch, the fill level switch opening the drain valve 14 when the threshold value is reached and / or exceeded.
  • the device 1 has an ice separator 16, preferably a cyclone separator, in order to separate out ice crystals which may arise when the gas is released.
  • the ice separator 16 has an, in particular double-walled, ice container 17.
  • a cavity is usually provided between an inner wall and an outer wall, through which a warm ambient air can be guided in order to melt the ice crystals.
  • an auxiliary fan 18 can be provided in order to convey the condensate out of the condensate container 13, usually through a drain 15, and / or the ambient air to the ice container 17 and possibly through the cavity.
  • the device 1 optionally has a steam generator 19 which is in fluid connection with the main line 6 via a steam line 20.
  • the steam line 20 preferably opens into the main line 6 between the expansion device 4 and the ice separator 16.
  • a final measuring device 5e is provided for the final determination of at least one parameter of the gas, in particular the temperature and / or the humidity.
  • the end measuring device 5e is preferably positioned downstream of the ice separator 16 in the direction of flow S.
  • Functional components of the device 1 are usually those components of the device 1 which are suitable for changing at least one parameter of the gas.
  • the functional components include the compressor 2, the heat exchanger 3, the heating device, the expansion device 4, the steam generator 19 and / or the ice separator 16.
  • the gas to be conditioned is generally passed through the device 1 in the direction of flow S.
  • the gas is fed into the device 1 through the feed line 7 and, if necessary, filtered.
  • the pressure, the temperature and / or an amount or the volume of the gas fed in is detected. This is usually done with the initial measuring device 5a.
  • the gas is compressed to a certain pressure, preferably to a pressure of up to 2 bar. It is then advantageous if the pressure and / or the temperature of the compressed gas are measured.
  • the compressed gas is usually passed through the main line 6 on to the heat exchanger 3, in which the compressed gas is at least partially cooled and / or dehumidified.
  • the gas can be partially or completely passed through the heat exchanger 3 and / or past the heat exchanger 3, for example through the heat exchanger bypass line 9a.
  • a first portion of the gas is passed through the heat exchanger 3 and a second portion of the gas is passed through the heat exchanger bypass line 9a.
  • the volume flow through the heat exchanger 3 and / or through the heat exchanger bypass line 9a is usually regulated with control valves 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, in particular with the heat exchanger control valve 10a and / or with the heat exchanger bypass control valve 10b.
  • a ratio of the first component to the second component is preferably set precisely.
  • a ratio of the first portion to the second portion of 9: 1, 4: 1, 7: 3, 3: 2, 1: 1, 2: 3, 3: 7, 1: 4 or 1: 9 can be set.
  • any desired gradations of the stated ratios can also be set.
  • the heat exchanger 3 generally has a supply for a cooling liquid, for example a cooling water supply.
  • the supply for the cooling liquid advantageously has a temperature monitoring device.
  • the supply for the cooling liquid comprises a cooling valve with which the amount of cooling liquid which is supplied to the heat exchanger 3 can be regulated.
  • the amount of cooling liquid is usually regulated as a function of a desired humidity and / or temperature of the gas passed through the device 1.
  • a condensate that occurs during cooling and / or dehumidification can be separated off by means of a condensate separator and preferably collected in a condensate container 13.
  • the drain valve 14 can be opened automatically by the level switch, if necessary.
  • the condensate can be conveyed out of the condensate container 13 with the auxiliary fan 18.
  • a cooled and / or dehumidified first portion is generally mixed with the second portion that is passed past the heat exchanger 3. This is expediently done in the heat exchanger mouth.
  • the temperature, pressure and / or humidity are recorded again. This is preferably done with the heat exchanger measuring device 5c.
  • the temperature at this point is usually between 5 ° C and 170 ° C.
  • the maximum pressure is 2 bar.
  • the gas is passed through the main line 6 to the expansion device 4, in which the gas is at least partially expanded.
  • the air can be partially or completely passed through the expansion device 4 and / or past the expansion device 4, for example through the expansion device bypass line 9b.
  • the volume flow through the expansion device 4 and / or through the expansion device bypass line 9b is usually regulated with control valves 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, in particular with the expansion device control valve 10c and / or with the expansion device bypass control valve 10d.
  • a ratio of the gas fed through the expansion device 4 to the gas fed past it of 9: 1, 4: 1, 7: 3, 3: 2, 1: 1, 2: 3, 3: 7, 1: 4 or 1: 9 can be set.
  • any desired gradations of the stated ratios can also be set.
  • the gas is guided completely through the expansion device 4 or completely through the expansion device bypass line 9b.
  • the gas passed through the expansion device 4 is expanded in a preferably speed-controlled, in particular high-speed, turbine.
  • the turbine can turn at up to 25,000 rpm if necessary.
  • any energy released when the gas is released can be converted into electrical energy, which is, for example, sent to the compressor or compressors 2 is supplied and / or fed into the power grid.
  • the expansion device 4 in particular the turbine, drives a generator.
  • the gas can be heated before it is passed through the expansion device bypass line 9b.
  • the device 1 can have a heating device in the flow direction S between the heat exchanger 3 and the expansion device 4, preferably between the heat exchanger opening and the expansion device branch.
  • the expanded gas can be re-humidified by means of a steam generator 19. It can be provided that at least 5 g, in particular 10 g to 20 g, particularly preferably around 16 g, of water per kilogram of dry gas are added.
  • ice crystals are separated from the expanded gas in the ice separator 16.
  • the ice crystals are preferably collected in an ice container 17.
  • the ice crystals can be melted by exposing the ice container 17 to ambient air, after which the melted ice crystals are removed.
  • the gas can thus be conditioned precisely and energy-efficiently so that the gas can be optimized for different areas of application.
  • a gas conditioned with the method and / or by means of the device 1 can finally be conducted via the discharge line 8 from the device 1 and generally to a test item, for example to an internal combustion engine or a fuel cell. If necessary, the conditioned gas can also be fed to a climatic test chamber.
  • a throughput of up to 1450 Sm 3 / h of the gas to be conditioned can be achieved.
  • a standard cubic meter or Sm 3 is usually understood to mean a cubic meter at a temperature of 15 ° C. and a pressure of 1.01325 barA, barA denoting an absolute pressure.
  • the gas can be conditioned in a temperature range from -30 ° C to +150 ° C.
  • a pressure, in particular a relative pressure or overpressure, of 10 mbar to 900 mbar and a humidity of 4 g of water per kg of gas can be achieved with the conditioned gas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Drying Of Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de conditionnement d'un gaz, en particulier de l'air de combustion, dans un banc d'essai pour des moteurs à combustion interne ou des piles à combustible, au moyen d'un appareil (1) qui comporte au moins un compresseur (2), un échangeur de chaleur (3) et un détendeur (4), le gaz étant alimenté vers l'appareil (1). Selon l'invention, pour conditionner le gaz destiné à différents champs d'utilisation, au moins un paramètre du gaz alimenté, plus particulièrement une pression, une température, une humidité et/ou un volume, est mesuré, puis le gaz est comprimé, après une première fraction du gaz comprimé est passée à travers l'échangeur de chaleur (3), la première fraction étant refroidie et/ou déshumidifiée dans l'échangeur de chaleur (3), ensuite le gaz refroidi et/ou déshumidifié est détendu dans le détendeur (4), enfin le gaz détendu est guidé hors du dispositif (1). L'invention concerne en outre un appareil (1) destiné au conditionnement d'un gaz et comprenant au moins un compresseur (2) pour comprimer le gaz et un détendeur (4) pour dilater le dispositif, le gaz pouvant être guidé dans une direction d'écoulement (S) à travers l'appareil (1), et le détendeur (4) étant disposé en aval dudit au moins un compresseur (2) dans le sens d'écoulement (S).
PCT/AT2020/060255 2020-06-26 2020-06-26 Procédé et appareil de conditionnement de gaz WO2021258119A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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PCT/AT2020/060255 WO2021258119A1 (fr) 2020-06-26 2020-06-26 Procédé et appareil de conditionnement de gaz
EP20739241.6A EP4172538A1 (fr) 2020-06-26 2020-06-26 Procédé et appareil de conditionnement de gaz

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PCT/AT2020/060255 WO2021258119A1 (fr) 2020-06-26 2020-06-26 Procédé et appareil de conditionnement de gaz

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WO2021258119A1 true WO2021258119A1 (fr) 2021-12-30

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002042730A2 (fr) * 2000-11-22 2002-05-30 Avl List Gmbh Procede pour l'alimentation d'un moteur a combustion interne en gaz de combustion conditionne, dispositif pour l'execution de ce procede, procede pour la determination des quantites de polluants dans les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne et dispositif pour l'execution de ce procede
EP1600622A2 (fr) * 2004-05-28 2005-11-30 KRISTL, SEIBT & CO. GESELLSCHAFT M.B.H. Dispositif et procédé d'alimentation d'un moteur à combustion interne avec un gaz combustible conditionné
EP3098586A1 (fr) * 2014-01-24 2016-11-30 Universidad Politecnica De Valencia Dispositif de conditionnement d'atmosphère pour l'essai de moteurs à combustion, procédé et utilisation connexes
WO2019114935A1 (fr) * 2017-12-12 2019-06-20 Horiba Europe Gmbh Dispositif, procédé et utilisation de la climatisation de l'air d'admission permettant de tester des moteurs à combustion interne

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002042730A2 (fr) * 2000-11-22 2002-05-30 Avl List Gmbh Procede pour l'alimentation d'un moteur a combustion interne en gaz de combustion conditionne, dispositif pour l'execution de ce procede, procede pour la determination des quantites de polluants dans les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne et dispositif pour l'execution de ce procede
EP1600622A2 (fr) * 2004-05-28 2005-11-30 KRISTL, SEIBT & CO. GESELLSCHAFT M.B.H. Dispositif et procédé d'alimentation d'un moteur à combustion interne avec un gaz combustible conditionné
EP3098586A1 (fr) * 2014-01-24 2016-11-30 Universidad Politecnica De Valencia Dispositif de conditionnement d'atmosphère pour l'essai de moteurs à combustion, procédé et utilisation connexes
WO2019114935A1 (fr) * 2017-12-12 2019-06-20 Horiba Europe Gmbh Dispositif, procédé et utilisation de la climatisation de l'air d'admission permettant de tester des moteurs à combustion interne

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