WO2021255352A1 - Exhaust pollution control circuit, pollution control system comprising this circuit, and pollution control method using this circuit - Google Patents

Exhaust pollution control circuit, pollution control system comprising this circuit, and pollution control method using this circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021255352A1
WO2021255352A1 PCT/FR2021/050755 FR2021050755W WO2021255352A1 WO 2021255352 A1 WO2021255352 A1 WO 2021255352A1 FR 2021050755 W FR2021050755 W FR 2021050755W WO 2021255352 A1 WO2021255352 A1 WO 2021255352A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pollution control
circuit
exhaust
unit
electric
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2021/050755
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Escoute
Frederic Masse
Original Assignee
Psa Automobiles Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Psa Automobiles Sa filed Critical Psa Automobiles Sa
Priority to EP21732414.4A priority Critical patent/EP4165291A1/en
Publication of WO2021255352A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021255352A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/22—Control of additional air supply only, e.g. using by-passes or variable air pump drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F01N3/32—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air pump
    • F01N3/323—Electrically driven air pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F01N3/34—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air conduits or jet air pumps, e.g. near the engine exhaust port
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using kinetic energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2270/00—Mixing air with exhaust gases
    • F01N2270/04—Mixing air with exhaust gases for afterburning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
    • F01N2340/06—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses characterised by the arrangement of the exhaust apparatus relative to the turbine of a turbocharger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/0602—Electrical exhaust heater signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/08—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
    • F01N2900/1804—Properties of secondary air added directly to the exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/042—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for stopping the engine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of exhaust circuits of vehicles with thermal engines, more particularly to systems making it possible to limit the pollution emitted via these circuits.
  • an objective of the present invention is to further limit the emission of polluting gases, in particular when starting the engine.
  • the invention provides an exhaust pollution control circuit for a thermal engine vehicle, the circuit comprising an upstream filtration device, a compressor unit of a turbocharger, an engine unit, a turbine unit of the turbocharger, and a catalytic treatment unit comprising an electric catalyst heater.
  • the pollution control circuit comprises a bypass branch between an upstream bypass point disposed downstream of the filtration device, and a downstream bypass point disposed upstream of the catalytic treatment unit, and downstream of the engine unit.
  • the bypass branch includes an electric air pump configured to draw air from the filtration device and infuse it into the catalytic treatment block.
  • the pollution control circuit allows fresh air to be blown over the electric catalyst heater and the catalyst to be heated via the heated fresh air. This speeds up the activation of the catalyst before the engine starts and the first polluting gases are released. The invention thus makes it possible to limit the emission of polluting gases, since the preheating of the catalyst with fresh heated air makes it fully effective well before the arrival of the polluting gases.
  • downstream bypass point is disposed upstream of the turbine.
  • this arrangement makes it possible to use the volute shape of the turbine of the turbocharger to distribute fresh air evenly over the heating device and then over the catalyst. This is to avoid having isolated hot spots that would damage the catalyst.
  • the pollution control circuit further comprises a discharge valve bypass in line with the turbocharger turbine unit, and the downstream bypass point is disposed upstream of the discharge valve bypass and the turbine unit.
  • the invention further relates to an exhaust pollution control system comprising an exhaust pollution control circuit according to the invention, and a Exhaust pollution control unit associated with the electric air pump and the electric catalyst heater.
  • the exhaust pollution control unit is configured to be able to operate the electric air pump and the electric catalyst heater at least when the heat engine is off.
  • Another object of the invention relates to an exhaust depollution method comprising steps of implementing an exhaust depollution circuit according to the invention, the method comprising a step of putting the air pump into operation. electric heater and electric catalytic converter, at least when the engine is off.
  • the method comprises a step of determining the approach of a user, before the step of activating the electric air pump and the electric catalyst heater.
  • the invention also relates to a computer program comprising program code instructions for performing the steps of the method according to the invention, when said program is running on a computer.
  • the invention further relates to a thermal engine vehicle comprising an exhaust depollution circuit according to the invention.
  • Another object of the invention relates to the use of a turbocharger turbine for blowing air into a catalytic processing unit including an electric catalyst heater, at least when the engine is off.
  • FIG.1 schematically illustrates a pollution control circuit according to a first embodiment of the invention in a heat engine exhaust circuit
  • FIG.2 schematically illustrates a pollution control circuit according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the invention relates to exhaust systems of thermal motor vehicles.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a pollution control circuit 1 making it possible to limit the pollution emitted via these circuits.
  • Combustion in the engine 2 requires an air inlet 3 upstream of the combustion chamber of the engine 2.
  • the inlet 3 is equipped with a filtration device 4 generally called an air filter.
  • the air filter 4 leads to a compressor unit 5 of a turbocharger.
  • the compressor unit 5 comprises a compressor wheel 5a in a compressor housing 5b.
  • the depollution circuit 1 comprises, upstream, the filtration device 4 and then the compressor unit 5 of the turbocharger.
  • the depollution circuit 1 then comprises an engine unit 6 comprising combustion chambers, then a turbine unit 7 of the turbocharger.
  • the turbine unit 7 comprises a turbine 7a in the form of a wheel in a turbine housing 7b.
  • the depollution circuit 1 then comprises a catalytic treatment unit 8 comprising an electric catalyst heating device 9 (said e-cata device).
  • the treatment unit 8 comprises at least one exhaust catalyst 10, associated with the heater 9.
  • the heater 9 may be in the form of an electrically heated grid disposed in the gas passage section.
  • the processing unit may further comprise a particulate filter and an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) catalyst, such as those known.
  • the pollution control circuit 1 comprises a bypass branch 11 for blowing fresh air over the catalyst 10 at least when the engine 2 is off.
  • a bypass branch 11 for blowing fresh air over the catalyst 10 at least when the engine 2 is off.
  • the bypass branch 11 is disposed between an upstream bypass point 12 which may also be called, as the case may be, air intake tapping or air intake boss; and a downstream branch point 13, which can also be called, as the case may be, air supply nozzle or air supply boss.
  • the upstream bypass point 12 is disposed downstream of the filtration device 4. This is in particular a branch on the pipe downstream of said device 4.
  • This can be, as a variant, a tap on a pipe or a boss on a part of the pollution control circuit 1.
  • the bypass branch 11 comprises an electric air pump.
  • the air pump 14 configured to draw air from the filtration device 4 and blow it into the catalytic treatment unit 8.
  • the air pump 14 can be associated with a valve 14a.
  • bypass branch 11 and the electric pump 14 allow fresh filtered air to be sucked in, and to be blown on the electric catalyst heating device 4. It is thus possible to preheat the catalyst 10 by 'fresh heated air, and thus accelerate the activation of catalystlO for greater efficiency. In fact, the heated fresh air increases the efficiency of the heating because it conveys the calories from the heater 4 to the catalyst 10 with better efficiency.
  • the downstream bypass point 13 is arranged upstream of the turbine unit 7 of the turbocharger, more particularly upstream of the turbine 7a.
  • This arrangement is highly advantageous. In fact, it makes it possible to use the shape of the volute of the turbine 7a of the turbocharger to diffuse air in a homogeneous manner on the heating device 9, then on the catalyst 10. In fact, the shape of the volute of the turbine 7a is designed to ensure the best possible watering of the catalyst 10. This avoids having hot spots which would damage the catalyst 10 by local overheating.
  • the invention thus proposes a simplified air insufflation circuit, without requiring more connections, valves, additional and dedicated valves.
  • the invention is also suitable for pollution control circuits including a discharge valve 15 commonly called "waste nostie.
  • a discharge valve 15 commonly called "waste nostie.
  • This is a configuration with a relief valve bypass 16 to the right of the turbocharger turbine block 7.
  • the downstream bypass point 13 is arranged upstream of the discharge valve bypass 16 and of the turbine unit 7 of the turbocharger.
  • the relief valve 15 is generally open when the engine 2 is off.
  • the portion of air passing through the relief valve 15 is substantially less than that passing through the turbine 7a.
  • the air passing through the turbine 7a presumably re-homogenizes the air passing through the relief valve 15.
  • the downstream bypass point 13 can be arranged on the exhaust manifold 17, for example as illustrated in Figure 1. We can then speak of insufflation tap 13 in the exhaust manifold 17. Alternatively, the downstream bypass point 13 can be arranged on the turbine housing 7b, for example as illustrated in Figure 2. In the latter case, it is possible then speak of insufflation boss 13a in the turbine housing 7b.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first arrow illustrating a spraying of cold air on a heating disc / grid (heating device 9) making it possible, by heating the air, to heat the catalyst 10 and make it rapidly active.
  • a second arrow 9a illustrates the heating of the catalyst 10.
  • the depollution circuit 1 is in particular part of an exhaust depollution system with a control unit 19 of the catalyst heater 9 and of the electric pump 14. It is therefore a control unit. exhaust pollution control.
  • the control unit can be associated with a vehicle battery for power supply.
  • the pollution control system in particular the exhaust pollution control unit 19, is configured to be able to operate the electric air pump 14 and the electric catalyst heater9 when the engine 2 is turned off.
  • the pollution control system makes it possible to activate the heating and the supply of fresh air before the vehicle is started, even though engine 2 is off.
  • the invention further relates to a depollution method comprising steps of implementing an exhaust depollution circuit 1 as described above.
  • the method comprises a step of operating the electric air pump 14 and the electric catalyst heater 9, at least when the engine 2 is off.
  • the method comprises a step of determining the approach of a user, before the step of operating the electric air pump 14 and the electric catalyst heater 9.
  • the detection of Vehicle keys are used to determine the user's approach. This step allows you to anticipate the start of the vehicle and to start blowing in and heating the fresh air, as well as heating the catalyst a few minutes before the vehicle is started.
  • the invention can be implemented approximately one minute before starting the vehicle, more particularly between 20 and 30 s before starting.
  • the invention also relates to a computer program comprising program code instructions for executing the steps of a method as described above, when said program is running on a computer.
  • the program can be integrated into the control unit 19, which itself can be included in the control system of the motor vehicle.
  • the invention further relates to a heat engine vehicle comprising an exhaust pollution control circuit as described above.
  • Another object of the invention relates to a use of a turbocharger turbine 7a within the scope of the invention.
  • the volute shape is used to blow fresh filtered air into a catalytic treatment unit 8 comprising an electric catalyst heater 9, at least when the engine 2 is turned off.
  • the invention therefore takes advantage of the passing character of the turbine 7a and its shape of the volute, even when the engine 2 is stopped, for a homogeneous distribution of heated fresh air accelerating the activation of the catalyst 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an exhaust pollution control circuit (1) for a vehicle with a heat engine (2), comprising a filtering device (4), a turbocharger comprising a compressor unit (5) and a turbine unit (7) comprising a turbine (7a), an engine unit (6) and a catalytic treatment unit (8) with a catalyst (10) and an electric heating device (9). The pollution control circuit (11) comprises a bypass branch (11) comprising an electric air pump (14) configured to draw air from the filtering device (4) and blow it into the catalytic treatment unit (8), in particular before starting the engine (2). The electrical components are controlled by a control unit (19). The invention also relates to a pollution control system comprising this circuit, and a pollution control method using this circuit.

Description

DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
TITRE : CIRCUIT DE DEPOLLUTION D’ECHAPPEMENT, SYSTEME DE DEPOLLUTION COMPRENANT CE CIRCUIT, ET PROCEDE DE DEPOLLUTION METTANT EN ŒUVRE CE CIRCUIT La présente invention revendique la priorité de la demande françaiseTITLE: EXHAUST DEPOLLUTION CIRCUIT, DEPOLLUTION SYSTEM INCLUDING THIS CIRCUIT, AND DEPOLLUTION PROCESS IMPLEMENTING THIS CIRCUIT The present invention claims the priority of the French application
N°2006287 déposée le 16.06.2020 dont le contenu (texte, dessins et revendications) est ici incorporé par référence. N ° 2006287 filed on 06.16.2020, the content of which (text, drawings and claims) is incorporated here by reference.
L’invention se rapporte au domaine des circuits d’échappement de véhicules à moteur thermiques, plus particulièrement aux systèmes permettant de limiter la pollution émise via ces circuits. The invention relates to the field of exhaust circuits of vehicles with thermal engines, more particularly to systems making it possible to limit the pollution emitted via these circuits.
La production de véhicules automobiles à moteur thermique, nécessite aujourd’hui une limitation significative des gaz polluants émis par les moteurs. The production of motor vehicles with thermal engines now requires a significant limitation of the polluting gases emitted by the engines.
Ainsi, il a été proposé d’équiper les circuits d’échappement des moteurs thermiques de pots d’échappement, dits « catalytiques ». Ces pots d’échappement comprennent des catalyseurs de réactions chimiques transformant les gaz d’échappement en composés moins toxiques. Thus, it has been proposed to equip the exhaust circuits of heat engines with so-called "catalytic" exhausts. These mufflers include catalysts for chemical reactions that transform the exhaust gases into less toxic compounds.
Dans les développements de ces pots d’échappement, il a été proposé d’y inclure des systèmes de catalyseurs chauffés pour plus d’efficacité. Un chauffage électrique de catalyseur peut être prévu à cet effet. In the development of these mufflers, it has been proposed to include heated catalyst systems for greater efficiency. Electric heating of the catalyst can be provided for this purpose.
En utilisation, le démarrage du véhicule met le moteur thermique en fonctionnement et active le circuit d’air nécessaire à la combustion dans le moteur thermique. Les déchets de combustion arrivent ensuite au pot catalytique et sont décomposés par catalyse avec un catalyseur chauffé. Malheureusement, les systèmes de catalyse de l’art antérieur sont mis en fonctionnement quelques minutes après le démarrage du moteur et après l’émission de plusieurs gaz polluants. En effets, les premières minutes de fonctionnement du moteur engendrent des émissions de gaz polluants ne pouvant pas être suffisamment décomposés par un catalyseur non suffisamment chauffé. Ainsi, un objectif de la présente invention est de limiter davantage l’émission de gaz polluants notamment au démarrage du moteur. In use, starting the vehicle puts the heat engine into operation and activates the air circuit necessary for combustion in the heat engine. The combustion waste then arrives at the catalytic converter and is decomposed by catalysis with a heated catalyst. Unfortunately, the catalyst systems of the prior art are put into operation a few minutes after starting the engine and after the emission of several polluting gases. In fact, the first few minutes of engine operation generate emissions of polluting gases that cannot be sufficiently broken down by a catalyst that is not sufficiently heated. Thus, an objective of the present invention is to further limit the emission of polluting gases, in particular when starting the engine.
Pour atteindre cet objectif, l’invention propose un circuit de dépollution d’échappement pour véhicule à moteur thermique, le circuit comprenant un dispositif de filtration en amont, un bloc compresseur d’un turbocompresseur, un bloc moteur, un bloc turbine du turbocompresseur, et un bloc de traitement catalytique comprenant un dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur. To achieve this objective, the invention provides an exhaust pollution control circuit for a thermal engine vehicle, the circuit comprising an upstream filtration device, a compressor unit of a turbocharger, an engine unit, a turbine unit of the turbocharger, and a catalytic treatment unit comprising an electric catalyst heater.
Selon un premier aspect, le circuit de dépollution comprend une branche de dérivation entre un point de dérivation amont disposé en aval du dispositif de filtration, et un point de dérivation aval disposé en amont du bloc de traitement catalytique, et en aval du bloc moteur. According to a first aspect, the pollution control circuit comprises a bypass branch between an upstream bypass point disposed downstream of the filtration device, and a downstream bypass point disposed upstream of the catalytic treatment unit, and downstream of the engine unit.
En outre, la branche de dérivation comprend une pompe à air électrique configurée pour tirer l’air du dispositif de filtration et l’insuffler dans le bloc de traitement catalytique. Avantageusement, le circuit de dépollution permet d’insuffler de l’air frais sur le dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur et de chauffer le catalyseur via l’air frais chauffé. Cela permet d’accélérer la mise en action du catalyseur avant le démarrage du moteur et l’émission des premiers gaz polluants. L’invention permet de limiter ainsi l’émission de gaz polluants, car le préchauffage du catalyseur par l’air frais chauffé le rend pleinement efficace bien avant l’arrivée des gaz polluants. In addition, the bypass branch includes an electric air pump configured to draw air from the filtration device and infuse it into the catalytic treatment block. Advantageously, the pollution control circuit allows fresh air to be blown over the electric catalyst heater and the catalyst to be heated via the heated fresh air. This speeds up the activation of the catalyst before the engine starts and the first polluting gases are released. The invention thus makes it possible to limit the emission of polluting gases, since the preheating of the catalyst with fresh heated air makes it fully effective well before the arrival of the polluting gases.
De préférence, le point de dérivation aval est disposé en amont de la turbine. Preferably, the downstream bypass point is disposed upstream of the turbine.
Avantageusement, cet agencement permet d’utiliser la forme de volute de la turbine du turbocompresseur pour diffuser de l’air frais de manière homogène sur le dispositif de chauffage puis sur le catalyseur. Cela permet d’éviter d’avoir des points chauds isolés qui endommageraient le catalyseur. Advantageously, this arrangement makes it possible to use the volute shape of the turbine of the turbocharger to distribute fresh air evenly over the heating device and then over the catalyst. This is to avoid having isolated hot spots that would damage the catalyst.
En particulier, le circuit de dépollution comprend en outre une dérivation de soupape de décharge au droit du bloc turbine de turbocompresseur, et le point de dérivation aval est disposé en amont de la dérivation de soupape de décharge et du bloc turbine. In particular, the pollution control circuit further comprises a discharge valve bypass in line with the turbocharger turbine unit, and the downstream bypass point is disposed upstream of the discharge valve bypass and the turbine unit.
L’invention porte en outre sur un système de dépollution d’échappement comprenant un circuit de dépollution d’échappement selon l’invention, et une unité de commande de dépollution d’échappement associée à la pompe à air électrique et au dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur. The invention further relates to an exhaust pollution control system comprising an exhaust pollution control circuit according to the invention, and a Exhaust pollution control unit associated with the electric air pump and the electric catalyst heater.
De préférence, l’unité de commande de dépollution d’échappement est configurée pour pouvoir actionner la pompe à air électrique et le dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur au moins lorsque le moteur thermique est éteint. Preferably, the exhaust pollution control unit is configured to be able to operate the electric air pump and the electric catalyst heater at least when the heat engine is off.
Un autre objet de l’invention concerne un procédé de dépollution d’échappement comprenant des étapes de mise en œuvre d’un circuit de dépollution d’échappement selon l’invention, le procédé comprenant une étape de mise en fonctionnement de la pompe à air électrique et du dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur, au moins lorsque le moteur est éteint. Another object of the invention relates to an exhaust depollution method comprising steps of implementing an exhaust depollution circuit according to the invention, the method comprising a step of putting the air pump into operation. electric heater and electric catalytic converter, at least when the engine is off.
De préférence, le procédé comprend une étape de détermination de l’approche d’un utilisateur, avant l’étape de mise en fonctionnement de la pompe à air électrique et du dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur. Preferably, the method comprises a step of determining the approach of a user, before the step of activating the electric air pump and the electric catalyst heater.
L’invention concerne également un programme d’ordinateur comprenant des instructions de code de programme pour l’exécution des étapes du procédé selon l’invention, lorsque ledit programme fonctionne sur un ordinateur. The invention also relates to a computer program comprising program code instructions for performing the steps of the method according to the invention, when said program is running on a computer.
L’invention porte en outre sur un véhicule à moteur thermique comprenant un circuit de dépollution d’échappement selon l’invention. The invention further relates to a thermal engine vehicle comprising an exhaust depollution circuit according to the invention.
Un autre objet de l’invention concerne une utilisation d’une turbine de turbocompresseur pour insuffler de l’air dans un bloc de traitement catalytique comprenant un dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur, au moins lorsque le moteur est éteint. Another object of the invention relates to the use of a turbocharger turbine for blowing air into a catalytic processing unit including an electric catalyst heater, at least when the engine is off.
L’invention sera davantage détaillée par la description de modes de réalisation non limitatifs, et sur la base des figures annexées illustrant des variantes de l’invention, dans lesquelles : The invention will be further detailed by the description of non-limiting embodiments, and on the basis of the appended figures illustrating variants of the invention, in which:
[Fig.1 ] illustre schématiquement un circuit de dépollution selon un premier mode de réalisation de l’invention dans un circuit d’échappement de moteur thermique ; et [Fig.1] schematically illustrates a pollution control circuit according to a first embodiment of the invention in a heat engine exhaust circuit; and
[Fig.2] illustre schématiquement un circuit de dépollution selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l’invention. [Fig.2] schematically illustrates a pollution control circuit according to a second embodiment of the invention.
L’invention concerne des circuits d’échappement de véhicules à moteur thermiques. L’invention concerne plus particulièrement un circuit de dépollution 1 permettant de limiter la pollution émise via ces circuits. La combustion dans le moteur 2 nécessite une entrée d’air 3 en amont de la chambre de combustion du moteur 2. L’entrée 3 est équipée d’un dispositif de filtration 4 généralement appelé filtre à air . The invention relates to exhaust systems of thermal motor vehicles. The invention relates more particularly to a pollution control circuit 1 making it possible to limit the pollution emitted via these circuits. Combustion in the engine 2 requires an air inlet 3 upstream of the combustion chamber of the engine 2. The inlet 3 is equipped with a filtration device 4 generally called an air filter.
Le filtre à air 4 débouche sur un bloc compresseur 5 d’un turbocompresseur. Le bloc compresseur 5 comprend une roue de compresseur 5a dans un carter de compresseur 5b. The air filter 4 leads to a compressor unit 5 of a turbocharger. The compressor unit 5 comprises a compressor wheel 5a in a compressor housing 5b.
Ainsi, le circuit de dépollution 1 comprend, en amont, le dispositif de filtration 4 et ensuite le bloc compresseur 5 de turbocompresseur. Thus, the depollution circuit 1 comprises, upstream, the filtration device 4 and then the compressor unit 5 of the turbocharger.
Le circuit de dépollution 1 comprend ensuite un bloc moteur 6 comprenant des chambres de combustion, puis un bloc turbine 7 du turbocompresseur. The depollution circuit 1 then comprises an engine unit 6 comprising combustion chambers, then a turbine unit 7 of the turbocharger.
Le bloc turbine 7 comprend une turbine 7a sous forme de roue dans un carter de turbine 7b. The turbine unit 7 comprises a turbine 7a in the form of a wheel in a turbine housing 7b.
Le circuit de dépollution 1 comprend ensuite un bloc de traitement catalytique 8 comprenant un dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur 9 (dit dispositif e-cata). On peut également parler de système post traitement. Le bloc de traitement 8 comprend au moins un catalyseur 10 de pot d’échappement, associé au dispositif de chauffage 9. Le dispositif de chauffage 9 peut être sous forme de grille chauffée électriquement disposée dans la section de passage des gaz. Le bloc de traitement peut comprendre en outre un filtre à particule et un catalyseur SCR (réduction catalytique sélective), tels que ceux connus. The depollution circuit 1 then comprises a catalytic treatment unit 8 comprising an electric catalyst heating device 9 (said e-cata device). We can also speak of a post-processing system. The treatment unit 8 comprises at least one exhaust catalyst 10, associated with the heater 9. The heater 9 may be in the form of an electrically heated grid disposed in the gas passage section. The processing unit may further comprise a particulate filter and an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) catalyst, such as those known.
D’autres éléments tels que des systèmes de suralimentation, échangeurs associés et systèmes EGR (recirculation des gaz d'échappement), peuvent être prévus. Selon l’invention, le circuit de dépollution 1 comprend une branche de dérivation 11 pour insuffler de l’air frais sur le catalyseur 10 au moins lorsque le moteur 2 est éteint. On peut envisager une insufflation d’air par l’invention après le démarrage du moteur également, par exemple pendant quelques minutes après le démarrage, le moteur étant encore relativement froid. On peut aussi envisager une insufflation d’air par l’invention en accélération car il y a alors davantage de gaz polluants à décomposer. Other elements such as supercharging systems, associated exchangers and EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) systems can be provided. According to the invention, the pollution control circuit 1 comprises a bypass branch 11 for blowing fresh air over the catalyst 10 at least when the engine 2 is off. One can envision air blowing by the invention after starting the engine as well, for example for a few minutes after starting, the engine still being relatively cold. It is also possible to envisage blowing in air by the invention in acceleration because there are then more polluting gases to decompose.
La branche de dérivation 11 est disposée entre un point de dérivation amont 12 pouvant aussi être appelé, selon le cas, piquage de prise d’air ou bossage de prise d’air ; et un point de dérivation aval 13, pouvant aussi être appelé, selon le cas, piquage d’insufflation d’air ou bossage d’insufflation d’air . The bypass branch 11 is disposed between an upstream bypass point 12 which may also be called, as the case may be, air intake tapping or air intake boss; and a downstream branch point 13, which can also be called, as the case may be, air supply nozzle or air supply boss.
Le point de dérivation amont 12 est disposé en aval du dispositif de filtration 4. Il s’agit en particulier d’un piquage sur la canalisation en aval dudit dispositif 4. The upstream bypass point 12 is disposed downstream of the filtration device 4. This is in particular a branch on the pipe downstream of said device 4.
En outre, le point de dérivation aval 13 disposé en amont du bloc de traitement catalytique 8, et en aval du bloc moteur 6. Cela peut être, en variante, un piquage sur une canalisation ou un bossage sur une pièce du circuit de dépollution 1. De plus, la branche de dérivation 11 comprend une pompe à air électriqueIn addition, the downstream bypass point 13 disposed upstream of the catalytic treatment unit 8, and downstream of the engine unit 6. This can be, as a variant, a tap on a pipe or a boss on a part of the pollution control circuit 1. In addition, the bypass branch 11 comprises an electric air pump.
14 configurée pour tirer l’air du dispositif de filtration4 et l’insuffler dans le bloc de traitement catalytique 8. La pompe à air 14 peut être associée à une vanne 14a. 14 configured to draw air from the filtration device 4 and blow it into the catalytic treatment unit 8. The air pump 14 can be associated with a valve 14a.
Avantageusement, la branche de dérivation 11 et la pompe électrique 14 permettent d’aspirer de l’air frais filtré, et de l’insuffler sur le dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur 4. Il est ainsi possible de préchauffer le catalyseur 10 par de l’air frais chauffé, et ainsi accélérer la mise en action du catalyseurlO pour davantage d’efficacité. En effet, l’air frais chauffé augmente l’efficacité du chauffage car il véhicule les calories du dispositif de chauffage 4 sur le catalyseur 10 avec un meilleur rendement. Advantageously, the bypass branch 11 and the electric pump 14 allow fresh filtered air to be sucked in, and to be blown on the electric catalyst heating device 4. It is thus possible to preheat the catalyst 10 by 'fresh heated air, and thus accelerate the activation of catalystlO for greater efficiency. In fact, the heated fresh air increases the efficiency of the heating because it conveys the calories from the heater 4 to the catalyst 10 with better efficiency.
Il en résulte une diminution significative d’émission de gaz polluants même dès les premières minutes de fonctionnement du moteur 2, car le chauffage du catalyseurlO par l’air frais chauffé, est réalisé avant le démarrage du moteur 2 et l’émission des premiers gaz polluants. Selon une variante préférée, le point de dérivation aval 13 est disposé en amont du bloc turbine 7 de turbocompresseur, plus particulièrement en amont de la turbine 7a. Cet agencement est hautement avantageux. En effet, il permet d’utiliser la forme de volute de la turbine 7a du turbocompresseur pour diffuser de l’air de manière homogène sur le dispositif de chauffage 9, puis sur le catalyseur 10. En effet, la forme de volute de la turbine 7a est étudiée pour assurer le meilleur arrosage possible du catalyseur 10. Cela permet de ne pas avoir des points chauds qui endommageraient le catalyseur 10 par des surchauffes locales. L’invention propose ainsi un circuit d’insufflation d’air simplifié, sans nécessiter davantage de piquages, de vannes, de clapets supplémentaires et dédiés. This results in a significant reduction in the emission of polluting gases even from the first minutes of operation of the engine 2, because the heating of the catalyst 10 by the heated fresh air is carried out before the engine 2 is started and the emission of the first gases. pollutants. According to a preferred variant, the downstream bypass point 13 is arranged upstream of the turbine unit 7 of the turbocharger, more particularly upstream of the turbine 7a. This arrangement is highly advantageous. In fact, it makes it possible to use the shape of the volute of the turbine 7a of the turbocharger to diffuse air in a homogeneous manner on the heating device 9, then on the catalyst 10. In fact, the shape of the volute of the turbine 7a is designed to ensure the best possible watering of the catalyst 10. This avoids having hot spots which would damage the catalyst 10 by local overheating. The invention thus proposes a simplified air insufflation circuit, without requiring more connections, valves, additional and dedicated valves.
L’invention est également adaptée aux circuits de dépollution incluant une soupape de décharge 15 communément appelée « waste gâte . Il s’agit d’une configuration avec une dérivation de soupape de décharge 16 au droit du bloc turbine 7 de turbocompresseur. On parle souvent de système TGF (turbocompresseur à géométrie fixe) avec waste gâte, en opposition au système TGV (turbocompresseur à géométrie variable) sans waste gâte. Dans ce type de variante, le point de dérivation aval 13 est disposé en amont de la dérivation de soupape de décharge 16 et du bloc turbine 7 de turbocompresseur. The invention is also suitable for pollution control circuits including a discharge valve 15 commonly called "waste gâte. This is a configuration with a relief valve bypass 16 to the right of the turbocharger turbine block 7. We often speak of a TGF system (fixed geometry turbocharger) with waste spoils, as opposed to the TGV system (variable geometry turbocharger) without waste spoils. In this type of variant, the downstream bypass point 13 is arranged upstream of the discharge valve bypass 16 and of the turbine unit 7 of the turbocharger.
La soupape de décharge 15 est généralement ouverte lorsque le moteur 2 est éteint. La partie d’air passant par la soupape de décharge 15 est sensiblement inférieure à celle passant par la turbine 7a. L’air passant par la turbine 7a ré-homogénéise vraisemblablement l’air passant par la soupape de décharge 15. On peut envisager une variante avec une commande électrique de soupape de décharge pour faire varier le passage vers la soupape de décharge 15, par exemple en la fermant. En variante, le point de dérivation aval 13 peut être disposé sur le collecteur d’échappement 17, par exemple comme illustré en figure 1 . On peut alors parler de piquage d’insufflation 13 dans le collecteur d’échappement 17. Alternativement, le point de dérivation aval 13 peut être disposé sur le carter turbine 7b, par exemple comme illustré en figure 2. Dans ce dernier cas, on peut alors parler de bossage d’insufflation 13a dans le carter turbine 7b. The relief valve 15 is generally open when the engine 2 is off. The portion of air passing through the relief valve 15 is substantially less than that passing through the turbine 7a. The air passing through the turbine 7a presumably re-homogenizes the air passing through the relief valve 15. One can envisage a variant with an electrical control of the relief valve to vary the passage to the relief valve 15, for example. by closing it. As a variant, the downstream bypass point 13 can be arranged on the exhaust manifold 17, for example as illustrated in Figure 1. We can then speak of insufflation tap 13 in the exhaust manifold 17. Alternatively, the downstream bypass point 13 can be arranged on the turbine housing 7b, for example as illustrated in Figure 2. In the latter case, it is possible then speak of insufflation boss 13a in the turbine housing 7b.
L’implantation du piquage d’insufflation 13 de l’air peut être réalisée, par fonderie, avec une implantation plus aisée que sur la descente d'échappement elle-même. Un piquage d’insufflation sur un cône d’entrée 18 de bloc de traitement catalytique 8 est de préférence évité pour ne pas le fragiliser. La figure 2 montre une première flèche illustrant un arrosage d’air froid sur un disque/grille chauffant (dispositif de chauffage 9) permettant, par chauffage de l’air, de chauffer le catalyseur 10 et le rendre actif rapidement. Une seconde flèche 9a illustre le chauffage du catalyseur 10. Le circuit de dépollution 1 fait en particulier partie d’un système de dépollution d’échappement avec une unité de commande 19 du dispositif de chauffage de catalyseur 9 et de la pompe électrique 14. Il s’agit donc d’une unité de commande de dépollution d’échappement. L’unité de commande peut être associée à une batterie du véhicule pour l’alimentation électrique. The implantation of the air insufflation tap 13 can be carried out, by foundry, with an easier implantation than on the exhaust downpipe itself. An insufflation tapping on an inlet cone 18 of the catalytic treatment unit 8 is preferably avoided so as not to weaken it. FIG. 2 shows a first arrow illustrating a spraying of cold air on a heating disc / grid (heating device 9) making it possible, by heating the air, to heat the catalyst 10 and make it rapidly active. A second arrow 9a illustrates the heating of the catalyst 10. The depollution circuit 1 is in particular part of an exhaust depollution system with a control unit 19 of the catalyst heater 9 and of the electric pump 14. It is therefore a control unit. exhaust pollution control. The control unit can be associated with a vehicle battery for power supply.
Le système de dépollution, en particulier l’unité de commande de dépollution d’échappement 19, est configuré pour pouvoir actionner la pompe à air électrique 14 et le dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur9 lorsque le moteur 2 est éteint. Ainsi, le système de dépollution permet d’actionner le chauffage et l’insufflation d’air frais avant le démarrage du véhicule, bien que le moteur 2 soit éteint. The pollution control system, in particular the exhaust pollution control unit 19, is configured to be able to operate the electric air pump 14 and the electric catalyst heater9 when the engine 2 is turned off. Thus, the pollution control system makes it possible to activate the heating and the supply of fresh air before the vehicle is started, even though engine 2 is off.
L’invention porte en outre sur un procédé de dépollution comprenant des étapes de mise en œuvre d’un circuit de dépollution d’échappement 1 tel que décrit précédemment. Le procédé comprend une étape de mise en fonctionnement de la pompe à air électrique 14 et du dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur 9, au moins lorsque le moteur 2 est éteint. The invention further relates to a depollution method comprising steps of implementing an exhaust depollution circuit 1 as described above. The method comprises a step of operating the electric air pump 14 and the electric catalyst heater 9, at least when the engine 2 is off.
De préférence, le procédé comprend une étape de détermination de l’approche d’un utilisateur, avant l’étape de mise en fonctionnement de la pompe à air électrique 14 et du dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur 9. Par exemple, la détection des clés du véhicule est utilisée pour déterminer l’approche de l’utilisateur. Cette étape permet d’anticiper le démarrage du véhicule et d’entamer l’insufflation et le chauffage de l’air frais, ainsi que le chauffage du catalyseur quelques minutes avant le démarrage du véhicule. Preferably, the method comprises a step of determining the approach of a user, before the step of operating the electric air pump 14 and the electric catalyst heater 9. For example, the detection of Vehicle keys are used to determine the user's approach. This step allows you to anticipate the start of the vehicle and to start blowing in and heating the fresh air, as well as heating the catalyst a few minutes before the vehicle is started.
L’invention peut être mise en œuvre environ une minute avant le démarrage du véhicule, plus particulièrement entre 20 et 30 s avant le démarrage. The invention can be implemented approximately one minute before starting the vehicle, more particularly between 20 and 30 s before starting.
L’invention concerne également un programme d’ordinateur comprenant des instructions de code de programme pour l’exécution des étapes d’un procédé tel que décrit précédemment, lorsque ledit programme fonctionne sur un ordinateur. Le programme peut être intégré dans l’unité de commande 19, elle-même pouvant être incluse dans le système de commande du véhicule automobile. L’invention porte en outre sur un véhicule à moteur thermique comprenant un circuit de dépollution d’échappement tel que décrit précédemment. The invention also relates to a computer program comprising program code instructions for executing the steps of a method as described above, when said program is running on a computer. The program can be integrated into the control unit 19, which itself can be included in the control system of the motor vehicle. The invention further relates to a heat engine vehicle comprising an exhaust pollution control circuit as described above.
Un autre objet de l’invention concerne une utilisation d’une turbine 7a de turbocompresseur dans le cadre de l’invention. En particulier, la forme de volute est utilisée pour insuffler de l’air frais filtré dans un bloc de traitement catalytique 8 comprenant un dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur 9, au moins lorsque le moteur 2 est éteint. Another object of the invention relates to a use of a turbocharger turbine 7a within the scope of the invention. In particular, the volute shape is used to blow fresh filtered air into a catalytic treatment unit 8 comprising an electric catalyst heater 9, at least when the engine 2 is turned off.
L’invention met donc à profit le caractère passant de la turbine 7a et sa forme de la volute, même lorsque le moteur 2 est à l’arrêt, pour une diffusion homogène d’air frais chauffé accélérant la mise en action du catalyseur 10. The invention therefore takes advantage of the passing character of the turbine 7a and its shape of the volute, even when the engine 2 is stopped, for a homogeneous distribution of heated fresh air accelerating the activation of the catalyst 10.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Circuit de dépollution d’échappement (1 ) pour véhicule à moteur (2) thermique, le circuit comprenant, de l’amont vers l’aval, un dispositif de filtration (4), un bloc compresseur (5) d’un turbocompresseur, un bloc moteur (6), un bloc turbine (7) du turbocompresseur qui comporte une turbine (7a), et un bloc de traitement catalytique (8) comprenant un dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur (9), caractérisé en ce que le circuit de dépollution (1 ) comprend une branche de dérivation (11 ) entre un point de dérivation amont (12) disposé en aval du dispositif de filtration (4), et un point de dérivation aval (13 ; 13a) disposé en amont du bloc de traitement catalytique (8), et en aval du bloc moteur (6), et en ce que la branche de dérivation (11 ) comprend une pompe à air électrique (14) configurée pour tirer l’air du dispositif de filtration (4) et l’insuffler dans le bloc de traitement catalytique (8). 1. Exhaust depollution circuit (1) for a thermal motor vehicle (2), the circuit comprising, from upstream to downstream, a filtration device (4), a compressor unit (5) of a turbocharger, an engine block (6), a turbine unit (7) of the turbocharger which comprises a turbine (7a), and a catalytic treatment unit (8) comprising an electric catalyst heater (9), characterized in that the pollution control circuit (1) comprises a bypass branch (11) between an upstream bypass point (12) arranged downstream of the filtration device (4), and a downstream bypass point (13; 13a) arranged upstream of the catalytic treatment unit (8), and downstream of the engine unit (6), and in that the bypass branch (11) comprises an electric air pump (14) configured to draw air from the filtration device (4) ) and blow it into the catalytic treatment unit (8).
2. Circuit de dépollution d’échappement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le point de dérivation aval (13 ; 13a) est disposé en amont de la turbine (7a). 2. Exhaust pollution control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the downstream bypass point (13; 13a) is disposed upstream of the turbine (7a).
3. Circuit de dépollution d’échappement selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comprenant en outre une dérivation de soupape de décharge (15, 16) au droit du bloc turbine (7) de turbocompresseur, caractérisé en ce que le point de dérivation aval (13) est disposé en amont de la dérivation de soupape de décharge (15, 16) et du bloc turbine (7). 3. Exhaust depollution circuit according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a discharge valve bypass (15, 16) in line with the turbine unit (7) of the turbocharger, characterized in that the downstream bypass point ( 13) is arranged upstream of the discharge valve bypass (15, 16) and the turbine unit (7).
4. Système de dépollution d’échappement comprenant un circuit de dépollution d’échappement (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à4. Exhaust pollution control system comprising an exhaust pollution control circuit (1) according to any one of claims 1 to
3, et une unité de commande de dépollution d’échappement (19) associée à la pompe à air (14) électrique et au dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur (9). 3, and an exhaust pollution control unit (19) associated with the electric air pump (14) and the electric catalyst heater (9).
5. Système de dépollution d’échappement selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l’unité de commande de dépollution d’échappement (19) est configurée pour pouvoir actionner la pompe à air électrique (14) et le dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur (9) au moins lorsque le moteur (2) thermique est éteint. 5. Exhaust pollution control system according to claim 4, characterized in that the exhaust pollution control control unit (19) is configured to be able to actuate the electric air pump (14) and the electric heater device. catalyst (9) at least when the combustion engine (2) is off.
6. Procédé de dépollution d’échappement comprenant des étapes de mise en œuvre d’un circuit de dépollution d’échappement (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, le procédé comprenant une étape de mise en fonctionnement de la pompe à air électrique (14) et du dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur (9), au moins lorsque le moteur (2) est éteint. 6. A method of exhaust pollution control comprising steps of implementing an exhaust pollution control circuit (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the method comprising a step of operating the pump. air heater (14) and the electric catalyst heater (9), at least when the engine (2) is off.
7. Procédé de dépollution d’échappement selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu’il comprend une étape de détermination de l’approche d’un utilisateur, avant l’étape de mise en fonctionnement de la pompe à air électrique (14) et du dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur (9).7. A method of exhaust pollution control according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a step of determining the approach of a user, before the step of operating the electric air pump (14). and the electric catalyst heater (9).
8. Programme d’ordinateur comprenant des instructions de code de programme pour l’exécution des étapes du procédé selon la revendication 6 ou 7, lorsque ledit programme fonctionne sur un ordinateur. A computer program comprising program code instructions for performing the method steps according to claim 6 or 7, when said program is running on a computer.
9. Véhicule à moteur thermique comprenant un circuit de dépollution d’échappement (1 ) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3. 9. Heat engine vehicle comprising an exhaust depollution circuit (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
10. Utilisation d’une turbine (7a) de turbocompresseur pour insuffler de l’air dans un bloc de traitement catalytique (8) comprenant un dispositif de chauffage électrique de catalyseur (9), au moins lorsque le moteur (2) est éteint. 10. Using a turbocharger turbine (7a) to blow air into a catalytic treatment unit (8) comprising an electric catalyst heater (9), at least when the engine (2) is off.
PCT/FR2021/050755 2020-06-16 2021-05-03 Exhaust pollution control circuit, pollution control system comprising this circuit, and pollution control method using this circuit WO2021255352A1 (en)

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EP21732414.4A EP4165291A1 (en) 2020-06-16 2021-05-03 Exhaust pollution control circuit, pollution control system comprising this circuit, and pollution control method using this circuit

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FR2006287 2020-06-16
FR2006287A FR3111385B1 (en) 2020-06-16 2020-06-16 EXHAUST DEPOLLUTION CIRCUIT, DEPOLLUTION SYSTEM COMPRISING THIS CIRCUIT, AND DEPOLLUTION METHOD IMPLEMENTING THIS CIRCUIT

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DE102009043087A1 (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Volkswagen Ag Internal-combustion engine i.e. diesel engine, of motor vehicle, has secondary air lines for supplying secondary air into exhaust system and arranged such that secondary air lines divert from combustion air system
US20120017878A1 (en) * 2009-02-02 2012-01-26 Borgwarner Inc. Drive device
DE102016119816A1 (en) * 2016-10-18 2018-04-19 Volkswagen Ag Method and device for monitoring a secondary air system
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2006287A1 (en) 1968-04-16 1969-12-26 British Insulated Callenders
DE102005046366A1 (en) * 2004-09-29 2006-04-27 Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo K.K. Internal combustion engine with loader
US20120017878A1 (en) * 2009-02-02 2012-01-26 Borgwarner Inc. Drive device
DE102009043087A1 (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Volkswagen Ag Internal-combustion engine i.e. diesel engine, of motor vehicle, has secondary air lines for supplying secondary air into exhaust system and arranged such that secondary air lines divert from combustion air system
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FR3111385A1 (en) 2021-12-17
FR3111385B1 (en) 2022-10-21

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