Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
  • E21B44/02—Automatic control of the tool feed
  • E21B44/06—Automatic control of the tool feed in response to the flow or pressure of the motive fluid of the drive
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
  • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F15B19/00—Testing; Calibrating; Fault detection or monitoring; Simulation or modelling of fluid-pressure systems or apparatus not otherwise provided for
  • F15B19/005—Fault detection or monitoring
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
  • E21B1/12—Percussion drilling with a reciprocating impulse member
  • E21B1/24—Percussion drilling with a reciprocating impulse member the impulse member being a piston driven directly by fluid pressure
  • E21B1/26—Percussion drilling with a reciprocating impulse member the impulse member being a piston driven directly by fluid pressure by liquid pressure
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
  • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
  • E21B7/022—Control of the drilling operation; Hydraulic or pneumatic means for activation or operation
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
  • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
  • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
  • F15B1/021—Installations or systems with accumulators used for damping
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
  • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F15B20/00—Safety arrangements for fluid actuator systems; Applications of safety devices in fluid actuator systems; Emergency measures for fluid actuator systems
  • F15B20/005—Leakage; Spillage; Hose burst

Definitions

• the reciprocating action of the percussion device may be powered by pressurised hydraulic fluid, where the percussion piston is caused to accelerate and strike the drill tool by the pressurised hydraulic fluid, and where the hydraulic fluid may also cause the percussion piston to perform a return stroke to a position where, again, the piston will be accelerated to impact the drill string in a subsequent stroke.
• the reciprocating motion of the percussion piston is oftentimes accomplished by opening and closing hydraulic flows, which in turn give rise to pressure and/or flow variations in the hydraulic circuit.
• the one or more accumulators can be diagnosed, e.g. by a control system in a drill rig.
• a representation of the pressure and/or flow variations is determined. This may be performed in different ways. For example, a plurality of consecutive measurements of the pressure in the hydraulic circuit may be used to determine the representation of the pressure variations. Alternatively, e.g. a flow meter may be utilised to determine flow variations. Flow variations may also be determined using consecutive flow measurements, where the flow will be determined e.g. using pressure measurements from two pressure sensors in the hydraulic circuit with a known throttling of the flow between the pressure sensors. Such flow determination is well known in the art.
• a control system of the drill rig may be arranged to determine the reference representation, e.g., reference maxima and minima, through measuring during drilling when the accumulator is confirmed to be operating properly, and e.g. setting the machine to drill at one or more different percussion pressures. This may also be performed with regard to flow variations.
• the reference representation e.g., reference maxima and minima
• the representation of the maximum and/or minimum pressure or flow in the hydraulic circuit is determined using a difference between an upper and lower envelope of the pressure or flow variations in the hydraulic circuit. It is also contemplated that e.g. only an upper envelope is utilised.
• an amplitude of one or more harmonics of the pressure of flow variations is utilised as representation of the maximum and/or minimum pressure or flow in the hydraulic circuit.
• the harmonics may be determined using any suitable signal processing of the pressure or flow variations, where a suitable processing algorithm may be used in the signal processing, such as a Fourier transform, fast Fourier transform (FFT), Power Spectral Density (PSD) or any other suitable algorithm.
• FFT fast Fourier transform
• PSD Power Spectral Density
• the accumulator may then be diagnosed based on deviations from expected harmonics, e.g. in terms of amplitude.
• a single pressure sensor may be utilised to diagnose more than one accumulator.
• a pressure sensor in the high pressure path downstream a hydraulic pump providing the hydraulic pressure and upstream the percussion device
• a pressure sensor in the low pressure path downstream the percussion device
• an accumulator may be utilised e.g. only in the supply (high pressure) path.
• Fig. 2 illustrates exemplary hydraulic circuitry of the drilling rig according to fig. 1 ;
• Embodiments of the present disclosure will be exemplified in the following in view of a particular kind of drill rig, where drilling is carried out through the use of a percussion device in the form of a top hammer.
• the drill rig may also be of any other kind where drilling is carried out through the use of a hydraulic percussion device for transmitting stress waves into a drill tool for breaking rock.
• Drill rigs of the disclosed kind may comprise more than one control unit, e.g. a plurality of control units, where each control unit, respectively, may be arranged to be responsible for monitoring and carrying out various functions of the drill rig 100. For reasons of simplicity, however, it will be assumed in the following that the various functions are controlled by the control unit 120.
• the drill rig may then comprise means for transmitting pressure signals to the remote computer means. Alerts may also be generated in a remote control centre, e.g. in case the drill rig is remote controlled. Furthermore, when it is diagnosed that an accumulator is malfunctioning this may cause the drill rig control system to stop drilling, or at least reduce percussion power to reduce the risk that damages caused by the malfunctioning accumulator arises.
• a plurality of pressure measurements from pressure sensor 231 are retrieved, i.e., obtained.
• the plurality of pressure measurements are obtained over one or more time periods and at a frequency being at least twice a frequency of the reciprocating motion of the percussion piston and/or damping piston.
• the obtaining is performed with one or more high bandwidth pressure sensors distanced from the percussion piston and/or damping piston, so that the sensors are protected from vibrations and mechanical exposure caused by the reciprocating motion.
• the difference may be determined as a difference between an upper 401 and a lower 402 envelope of the pressure variations in the hydraulic circuit.
• the upper 401 and lower 402 envelopes may be determined in a straightforward manner according to well-known signal processing, and may be determined continuously or during a predetermined period of time, to determine a representative representation of the differences between minimum and maximum values in the hydraulic circuit.
• maximum and minimum values of the difference between the envelopes may be determined, e.g. during a period of time, where one, or both, of these values may be utilised as representation of the pressure variations in the hydraulic circuit.
• Fig. 5 illustrates an exemplary development of the pressure variations, and corresponding envelopes 501 , 502 in the hydraulic circuit when a fault occurs.
• the accumulator 112 From time to up to time t d amage the accumulator 112 is working properly. At time t d amage a fault occurs. For example, a leakage in the diaphragm 209 may occur, with the result that the accumulator gas may enter the hydraulic fluid.
• the accumulator 112 may otherwise suffer a pressure reduction.
• the accumulator 112 may also be subject to other faults that prevents proper accumulator operation. As a result of the faulty accumulator operation, pressure variations are no longer supressed to the desired extent, but the pressure variations start to increase as gas pressure of the accumulator decrease.
• the determination performed in step 304 it may be determined whether the determined representation of pressure variations in the hydraulic circuit exceeds a value of the reference representation of the pressure variations by a predetermined extent. According to the present example, it can be determined whether the difference between the upper and lower envelope exceeds a predetermined difference by a predetermined extent, i.e. , exceeding an acceptable variation range. According to embodiments of the disclosure, it can further be determined if a minimum value of the determined representation of pressure variations in the hydraulic circuit, such as the minimum difference between upper and lower envelope in fig. 5, e.g.
• the variations of pressure or flow may also be determined in any other suitable manner.
• the pressure or flow variations may be subjected to signal processing to determine the amplitude of one or more harmonics, where a change in the amplitude of the one or more harmonics may be utilised in diagnosing the accumulator state.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)
• Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

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• 2020
  • 2020-06-08 SE SE2050667A patent/SE2050667A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2021
  • 2021-05-12 CN CN202180039304.7A patent/CN115698458A/zh active Pending
  • 2021-05-12 KR KR1020227038370A patent/KR20230020390A/ko active Pending
  • 2021-05-12 CA CA3180154A patent/CA3180154A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-05-12 WO PCT/SE2021/050455 patent/WO2021251862A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2021-05-12 EP EP21727619.5A patent/EP4162141B1/en active Active
  • 2021-05-12 AU AU2021289190A patent/AU2021289190A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-05-12 JP JP2022575488A patent/JP2023529438A/ja active Pending

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