WO2021241830A1 - Deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method and apparatus for detection of abnormal kidney function - Google Patents
Deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method and apparatus for detection of abnormal kidney function Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021241830A1 WO2021241830A1 PCT/KR2020/019362 KR2020019362W WO2021241830A1 WO 2021241830 A1 WO2021241830 A1 WO 2021241830A1 KR 2020019362 W KR2020019362 W KR 2020019362W WO 2021241830 A1 WO2021241830 A1 WO 2021241830A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- neural network
- deep neural
- retinal image
- abnormality
- renal function
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 230000004256 retinal image Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 230000003907 kidney function Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000003703 image analysis method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000013527 convolutional neural network Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 claims description 13
- DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatinine Chemical compound CN1CC(=O)NC1=N DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000001525 retina Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000020832 chronic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005830 kidney abnormality Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004393 prognosis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940109239 creatinine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000024924 glomerular filtration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 208000017169 kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002207 retinal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-n-(methoxymethyl)acetamide;2,6-dinitro-n,n-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(CC)=C1N(COC)C(=O)CCl.CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000002249 Diabetes Complications Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000007342 Diabetic Nephropathies Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010012655 Diabetic complications Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010012689 Diabetic retinopathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004159 blood analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000033679 diabetic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000003909 pattern recognition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037170 Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010062237 Renal impairment Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000017442 Retinal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001351225 Sergey Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002790 cross-validation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001631 hypertensive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005977 kidney dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/20—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons for measuring urological functions restricted to the evaluation of the urinary system
- A61B5/201—Assessing renal or kidney functions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/0016—Operational features thereof
- A61B3/0025—Operational features thereof characterised by electronic signal processing, e.g. eye models
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/20—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons for measuring urological functions restricted to the evaluation of the urinary system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
- A61B5/7275—Determining trends in physiological measurement data; Predicting development of a medical condition based on physiological measurements, e.g. determining a risk factor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/02—Neural networks
- G06N3/04—Architecture, e.g. interconnection topology
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/02—Neural networks
- G06N3/04—Architecture, e.g. interconnection topology
- G06N3/042—Knowledge-based neural networks; Logical representations of neural networks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N3/00—Computing arrangements based on biological models
- G06N3/02—Neural networks
- G06N3/08—Learning methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H30/00—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical images
- G16H30/40—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical images for processing medical images, e.g. editing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
- G16H50/20—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
- G16H50/30—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
Definitions
- the following embodiments relate to a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method and apparatus for detecting renal function abnormalities, and more specifically, by analyzing retinal images with artificial intelligence, a doctor for renal function abnormalities that could not be obtained with the naked eye. It relates to a method and apparatus for analyzing a retinal image based on a deep neural network that provides information.
- Deep neural networks are being used for various medical image analysis.
- retinal imaging there is a study to diagnose diabetic retinopathy. After learning with Inception-v3 (Non-Patent Document 1) using 128,175 photos obtained from 69,573 patients, it showed a diagnostic accuracy similar to that of an ophthalmologist. Recently, a study of predicting not only retinal disease but also cardiovascular disease with retinal imaging using a deep neural network has been reported.
- Korean Patent No. 10-2058883 describes a method of analyzing iris images and retinal images with artificial intelligence to diagnose diabetes and prognostic symptoms.
- the prior art has proposed an artificial intelligence technology for diagnosing diabetic retinopathy through retinal images. This is a technique that a doctor can do with the naked eye, and the algorithm shows performance results similar to that of a doctor. Accordingly, there is a need for a technology to diagnose kidney abnormalities through retinal images through specialized technology of artificial intelligence that cannot be judged with the naked eye of a doctor.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Christian Szegedy, et. al. "Rethinking the inception architecture for computer vision.” In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR). pp. 2818-2826, 2016.
- Non-Patent Document 2 Kaiming He, et. al. "Deep residual learning for image recognition.” In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR). 2016.
- Non-Patent Document 3 Sergey Zagoruyko, and Nikos Komodakis. "Wide residual networks.” In Proceedings of the British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC), 2016.
- the embodiments describe a method and apparatus for analyzing a retinal image based on a deep neural network for detecting abnormalities in renal function, and more specifically, by analyzing retinal images with artificial intelligence, information on abnormalities in renal function that a doctor could not obtain with the naked eye. provide the technology provided.
- the embodiments provide a deep neural network structure and learning method that can non-invasively diagnose kidney disease by using retinal images and patient medical information, so that simple image shooting without specialized personnel, samples, analysis equipment, etc. required for blood collection and blood analysis, etc.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for analyzing a retinal image based on a deep neural network for detecting a renal function abnormality, which can detect a renal function abnormality only with only one.
- a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method using a computer-implemented deep neural network-based retinal image analysis apparatus includes the steps of: preprocessing a retinal image to detect abnormalities in renal function using a retinal image; learning whether there is an abnormality in renal function through a deep neural network using the pre-processed retinal image; and reporting the presence or absence of abnormality in renal function using the learned deep neural network, reporting the presence or absence of abnormality in renal function, and providing a reporting basis to help the user's judgment.
- a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis apparatus includes: a preprocessor for preprocessing a retinal image in order to detect abnormalities in renal function using a retinal image; a learning unit for learning whether there is an abnormality in renal function through a deep neural network using the pre-processed retinal image; and a determination unit for reporting abnormalities in renal function using the learned deep neural network, reporting the presence or absence of abnormalities in renal function, and providing a report basis to help the user in judgment.
- a deep neural network structure and learning method that can non-invasively diagnose kidney disease using retinal images and patient medical information, simple It is possible to provide a method and apparatus for analyzing a retinal image based on a deep neural network that detects renal function abnormality, which can detect renal function abnormality only by imaging.
- a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method and apparatus may be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for analyzing a retinal image based on a deep neural network according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a block diagram of an apparatus for analyzing a retinal image based on a deep neural network according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure of a deep neural network according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method of embedding medical information according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a pre-processing of photo size adjustment according to an exemplary embodiment.
- 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating an eGFR 60 reference ROC curve according to an embodiment.
- FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams illustrating an eGFR 30 reference ROC curve according to an embodiment.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams illustrating an attention map of a deep neural network according to an embodiment.
- 9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating a future renal function prognosis/prediction ROC curve according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a photo that is difficult to read by a deep neural network according to an embodiment.
- the following examples are intelligent reading systems and digital diagnostic devices that utilize deep neural network (DNN)-based artificial intelligence. It is a health technology that makes
- the embodiments relate to a method and apparatus for analyzing a retinal image based on a deep neural network for detecting abnormalities in renal function, and proposed an artificial intelligence technology for diagnosing kidney abnormalities through retinal images, which is an artificial intelligence that cannot be determined with the naked eye of a doctor. It is its own specialized technology. According to embodiments, not only a retinal image but also medical information of a patient may be used.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for analyzing a retinal image based on a deep neural network according to an embodiment.
- the deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method in order to detect abnormalities in renal function using the retinal image, the step of preprocessing the retinal image (S110), using the preprocessed retinal image Including the step (S120) of learning the presence or absence of abnormality in kidney function through the deep neural network, and the step (S130) of reporting the presence or absence of abnormality in kidney function using the learned deep neural network, reporting the presence or absence of abnormality in kidney function, it can help users make decisions by providing reporting grounds.
- kidney dysfunction by providing a deep neural network structure and learning method that can non-invasively diagnose kidney disease using retinal images and patient medical information, simple Imaging alone can detect kidney dysfunction.
- the deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method according to an embodiment may be performed by a computer system, for example, by a component that a processor of the computer system may include.
- a processor of the computer system As an example of the processor of the computer system, the deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method according to the embodiment may be described in more detail by taking the deep neural network-based retinal image analysis apparatus according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a block diagram of an apparatus for analyzing a retinal image based on a deep neural network according to an embodiment.
- the apparatus 200 for analyzing a retinal image based on a deep neural network may include a preprocessor 210 , a learner 220 , and a determiner 230 .
- the preprocessor 210 may preprocess the retinal image to detect abnormalities in renal function using the retinal image.
- the preprocessor 210 unifies the resolution of retinal images to use the retinal image in the deep neural network, measures the brightness, and removes the retinal image having a low brightness below a preset standard, thereby providing a high-quality retinal image. can be selected. Also, the preprocessor 210 may adjust the shape of the edge of the photo to be the same. And, the preprocessor 210 may search for the retina part, adjust the size so that the diameter of the searched retina becomes the same pixel, and then cut it out and use it.
- step S120 the learning unit 220 may learn whether there is an abnormality in renal function through a deep neural network using the pre-processed retinal image.
- the learning unit 220 may learn together with the deep neural network by combining medical information data of at least one patient among age, sex, diabetes, and hypertension.
- the learning unit 220 may learn a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the patient's medical information data along with the presence or absence of renal function abnormality.
- CNN convolutional neural network
- the learning unit 220 may learn by combining the patient's age information with a feature vector of a convolutional neural network (CNN).
- the learner 220 may embed the patient's medical information data in the same size as the feature vector and mask the feature vector.
- the learning unit 220 may use the patient's medical information data as a label or use it as a channel of an input image.
- age information since age information has a continuous value, it can always be used by combining it with a feature vector of a convolutional neural network (CNN).
- the learning unit 220 calculates the value and label obtained by passing the finally obtained feature vector through a fully-connected layer as cross-entropy to define and minimize the loss function to learn the neural network. have.
- the learning unit 220 may use an estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) value calculated by a CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease) calculation method from a serum creatinine concentration as a criterion for determining whether there is an abnormality in renal function.
- eGFR Glomerular Filtration Rate
- CKD Choronic Kidney Disease
- the determination unit 230 may report the presence or absence of abnormality in renal function using the learned deep neural network. In this case, when determining whether the renal function is abnormal, the determination unit 230 may collect the results of the left and right eyes and report whether the renal function of the patient is abnormal. The determination unit 230 may report the presence or absence of abnormality in renal function, and may assist the user in determining by providing a report basis.
- the determination unit 230 may threshold the output value (predicted probability value) of the deep neural network indicating the kidney abnormality probability to evaluate the reliability of the fundus photo reading or report it as unreadable.
- the determination unit 230 may analyze the retinal image through a deep neural network to report a prognosis and prediction for a future renal function as well as a current state of renal function.
- the determination unit 230 may report three pieces of information simultaneously through one neural network, rather than independently reporting the prognosis and prediction of early abnormality, intermediate stage abnormality, and future renal function of the current renal function.
- the determination unit 230 may calculate the gradient of the retina image used when learning the deep neural network, and display the portion carefully observed by the deep neural network on the retina image.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a structure of a deep neural network according to an embodiment.
- the embodiments propose a deep neural network structure and a learning method capable of non-invasively diagnosing a kidney disease by using a retinal image and medical information of a patient.
- the deep neural network structure used is based on the Wide Residual Network (WRN) (Non-Patent Document 3) that has improved the ResNet (Non-Patent Document 2) structure.
- WRN Wide Residual Network
- Non-Patent Document 3 Non-Patent Document 3
- the WRN structure may be composed of a residual block composed of several convolutional layers.
- the deep neural network structure may be configured based on WRN, and an example of the WRN structure may be shown as shown in FIG. 3 .
- the patient's medical information data such as age, gender, presence of diabetes, and presence of hypertension can additionally be used. Additional information of the patient's medical information data may be utilized in various ways.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method of embedding medical information according to an exemplary embodiment.
- the patient's medical information data may be combined (Type 1) with a feature vector of a convolutional neural network (CNN).
- CNN convolutional neural network
- the patient's medical information data may be age, gender, presence or absence of diabetes, and presence or absence of hypertension.
- the convolutional neural network (CNN) may be replaced with a deep neural network structure such as a recurrent neural network (RNN).
- RNN recurrent neural network
- the patient's medical information data may be embedded in the same size as the feature vector and masked (Type 2) in the feature vector.
- the patient's medical information data may be used as a label (Type 3), and as shown in FIG. 4D , the patient's medical information data is used as a channel of the input image (Type 4) ) can be Among them, age information has a continuous value, so it can always be used in combination with a feature vector of a convolutional neural network (CNN).
- CNN convolutional neural network
- a neural network can be trained by defining and minimizing the loss function by calculating the value and label obtained by passing the finally obtained vector through a fully-connected layer as cross-entropy.
- the deep neural network may include a function of displaying on the retina image the carefully looked at when determining whether there is a kidney abnormality.
- a pixel having a gradient value greater than or equal to a specific threshold may be displayed.
- the threshold may be adaptively applied according to the brightness of a given retinal image.
- a deep neural network for diagnosing kidney disease was learned using retinal images and patient medical information, and the performance of the learned neural network was confirmed.
- the data consisted of 266,579 retinal photographs of 75,663 patients. Additionally, there is medical information for each patient, and the information it contains is as follows.
- the entire data was randomly divided into a development set and a test set at a ratio of 9:1 based on the patient for the experiment.
- the development set contains 68,096 patients and the test set contains 7,567 patients.
- the development set was again divided into a training set and a validation set at a ratio of 8:2, and learning was performed in a 5-cross validation method.
- the collected retinal images were pre-processed to be used in deep neural networks. Since the resolution of retinal photos differs slightly depending on the device in which they were taken, the work of unifying the resolution was performed. First, the retina part was searched for through Hough transform, and the size was adjusted so that the diameter of the searched retina was 400 pixels, and then cut out and used. As a result, all photos were scaled to 400x400 size.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a pre-processing of photo size adjustment according to an exemplary embodiment.
- a pre-processing process for photo size adjustment can be summarized. Additionally, pictures that could not be obtained information due to low brightness were removed. The distribution was obtained by measuring the brightness of all pictures, and pictures having brightness lower than (mean) - 2 (standard deviation) were removed based on the brightness.
- Renal function is calculated by calculating an estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) value from serum creatinine concentration.
- eGFR Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Scr serum creatinine concentration
- A, B, and C are given in Table 2 below.
- Table 2 shows parameter values in the CKD scheme.
- the learned neural network structure was applied to the test patient group to measure AUC (Area Under the Curve) performance.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams illustrating an eGFR 60 reference ROC curve according to an embodiment. More specifically, Figure 6a shows the eGFR 60 reference ROC curve, Figure 6b shows the eGFR 60 reference ROC curve for the diabetic or hypertension patient group.
- FIG. 7A and 7B are diagrams illustrating an eGFR 30 reference ROC curve according to an embodiment. More specifically, FIG. 7A shows an eGFR 30 reference ROC curve, and FIG. 7B shows an eGFR 30 reference ROC curve for a diabetic or hypertensive patient group.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams illustrating an attention map of a deep neural network according to an embodiment.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B an example of an attention map is shown in which the learned deep neural network reads the presence or absence of kidney abnormality, which is carefully examined.
- 9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating a future renal function prognosis/prediction ROC curve according to an embodiment.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B data on patients who visited the hospital twice or more were additionally collected to predict/predict future renal function as well as the current status of renal function. Renal function at visit 1 was compared with renal function at visit 2, and data were labeled as maintained versus worsened.
- the prognostic/predictive function of future renal function obtained an AUC result of 92.81% (95% confidence interval: 90.93% to 94.68%), and 87.05% (95% confidence interval: 83.29% to 90.81%) for the diabetic group. ) of AUC results were obtained.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a photo that is difficult to read by a deep neural network according to an embodiment.
- the neural network output value representing the probability of kidney abnormality was thresholded (0.45 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.55).
- Embodiments are health care technology that enables detection of abnormal kidney function belonging to nephrology in the field of health care through retinal images belonging to sensory science. According to embodiments, it is possible to detect kidney function abnormality only by simple imaging without professional personnel, samples, analysis equipment, etc. required for blood collection and blood analysis. In addition, it is possible to simultaneously detect a decrease in renal function due to diabetic nephropathy through fundus imaging, which is regularly performed in diabetic patients, so that diabetic complications can be managed more effectively.
- the device described above may be implemented as a hardware component, a software component, and/or a combination of the hardware component and the software component.
- devices and components described in the embodiments may include, for example, a processor, a controller, an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a digital signal processor, a microcomputer, a field programmable array (FPA), It may be implemented using one or more general purpose or special purpose computers, such as a programmable logic unit (PLU), microprocessor, or any other device capable of executing and responding to instructions.
- the processing device may execute an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system.
- the processing device may also access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to execution of the software.
- OS operating system
- the processing device may also access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to execution of the software.
- the processing device includes a plurality of processing elements and/or a plurality of types of processing elements. It can be seen that can include For example, the processing device may include a plurality of processors or one processor and one controller. Other processing configurations are also possible, such as parallel processors.
- the software may comprise a computer program, code, instructions, or a combination of one or more thereof, which configures a processing device to operate as desired or is independently or collectively processed You can command the device.
- the software and/or data may be any kind of machine, component, physical device, virtual equipment, computer storage medium or apparatus, to be interpreted by or to provide instructions or data to the processing device. may be embodied in The software may be distributed over networked computer systems, and stored or executed in a distributed manner. Software and data may be stored in one or more computer-readable recording media.
- the method according to the embodiment may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed through various computer means and recorded in a computer-readable medium.
- the computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc. alone or in combination.
- the program instructions recorded on the medium may be specially designed and configured for the embodiment, or may be known and available to those skilled in the art of computer software.
- Examples of the computer readable recording medium include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks and magnetic tapes, optical media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs, and magnetic media such as floppy disks.
- - includes magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specially configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like.
- Examples of program instructions include not only machine language codes such as those generated by a compiler, but also high-level language codes that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like.
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 컴퓨터로 구현된 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 장치를 이용한 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법에 있어서,In the deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method using a computer-implemented deep neural network-based retinal image analysis device,망막 영상을 이용하여 신장 기능의 이상을 검출하기 위해, 망막 영상을 전처리하는 단계;Pre-processing the retinal image to detect abnormalities in renal function using the retinal image;전처리된 상기 망막 영상을 이용하여 심층 신경망을 통해 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 학습하는 단계; 및learning whether there is an abnormality in renal function through a deep neural network using the pre-processed retinal image; and학습된 상기 심층 신경망을 이용하여 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 보고하는 단계Reporting the presence or absence of abnormality in renal function using the learned deep neural network를 포함하고,including,상기 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 보고하고, 보고 근거를 제공하여 사용자의 판단을 돕는 것Reporting the presence or absence of abnormalities in the renal function and providing a basis for reporting to help the user's judgment을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,상기 망막 영상을 전처리하는 단계는,The step of pre-processing the retina image,상기 망막 영상을 상기 심층 신경망에 사용하기 위해, 상기 망막 영상들의 해상도를 통일하고, 명도를 측정하여 기설정된 기준 이하의 낮은 명도를 가지는 망막 영상을 제거하는 것In order to use the retinal image in the deep neural network, unifying the resolution of the retinal images, measuring the brightness, and removing the retinal image having a low brightness below a preset standard을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,상기 심층 신경망을 통해 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 학습하는 단계는,The step of learning whether there is an abnormality in kidney function through the deep neural network,상기 심층 신경망의 성능을 향상시키기 위해 나이, 성별, 당뇨병 유무 및 고혈압 유무 중 적어도 어느 하나 이상의 환자의 의료 정보 데이터를 상기 심층 신경망과 결합하여 함께 학습하는 것In order to improve the performance of the deep neural network, combining medical information data of at least one patient among age, sex, diabetes and hypertension with the deep neural network and learning together을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 제3항에 있어서,4. The method of claim 3,상기 심층 신경망을 통해 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 학습하는 단계는,The step of learning whether there is an abnormality in kidney function through the deep neural network,상기 환자의 의료 정보 데이터를 신장 기능 이상 유무와 함께 예측하도록 합성곱 신경망(Convolutional Neural Network, CNN)을 학습하는 것Learning the convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the patient's medical information data along with the presence or absence of renal function abnormality을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 제3항에 있어서,4. The method of claim 3,상기 심층 신경망을 통해 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 학습하는 단계는,The step of learning whether there is an abnormality in kidney function through the deep neural network,상기 환자의 나이 정보를 합성곱 신경망(Convolutional Neural Network, CNN)의 특징 벡터에 결합하여 학습하는 것Learning by combining the patient's age information with a feature vector of a convolutional neural network (CNN)을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,상기 심층 신경망을 통해 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 학습하는 단계는,The step of learning whether there is an abnormality in kidney function through the deep neural network,상기 신장 기능의 이상 유무의 판단 기준으로 혈청 크레아티닌 농도로부터 CKD(Chronic Kidney Disease) 계산법에 의해 산출된 eGFR(estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) 값을 이용하는 것Using the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) value calculated by the CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease) calculation method from the serum creatinine concentration as a criterion for determining whether the renal function is abnormal을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 제6항에 있어서,7. The method of claim 6,상기 심층 신경망을 이용하여 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 보고하는 단계는,The step of reporting the abnormality of kidney function using the deep neural network is,상기 eGFR 값이 60보다 낮을 때는 조기 이상으로 보고하고, 상기 eGFR 값이 30보다 낮을 때는 중기 이상으로 보고하는 것When the eGFR value is lower than 60, it is reported as early abnormality, and when the eGFR value is lower than 30, it is reported as intermediate stage abnormality을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,상기 심층 신경망을 이용하여 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 보고하는 단계는,The step of reporting the abnormality of kidney function using the deep neural network is,상기 심층 신경망의 학습 시 사용된 상기 망막 영상의 기울기를 계산하여 상기 심층 신경망이 주의 깊게 살펴본 부분을 상기 망막 영상 위에 표시하는 것Calculating the gradient of the retinal image used during learning of the deep neural network and displaying the part carefully looked at by the deep neural network on the retina image을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 제8항에 있어서,9. The method of claim 8,상기 심층 신경망을 이용하여 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 보고하는 단계는,The step of reporting the abnormality of kidney function using the deep neural network is,신장 이상 확률을 나타내는 상기 심층 신경망의 출력값을 스레싱홀딩(thresholding)하여 사진 판독에 대한 신뢰성을 평가하거나 판독 불가로 보고하는 것Thresholding the output value of the deep neural network indicating the probability of kidney abnormality to evaluate the reliability of the picture reading or to report it as unreadable을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,상기 심층 신경망을 이용하여 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 보고하는 단계는,The step of reporting the abnormality of kidney function using the deep neural network is,상기 신장 기능의 이상 유무의 판단 시, 좌안과 우안의 결과를 취합하여 환자의 신장 기능 이상 여부를 보고하는 것When judging whether there is an abnormality in the renal function, collecting the results of the left and right eyes and reporting the abnormality of the renal function of the patient을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,상기 심층 신경망을 이용하여 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 보고하는 단계는,The step of reporting the abnormality of kidney function using the deep neural network is,상기 망막 영상을 상기 심층 신경망을 통해 분석하여, 신장 기능의 현재 상태 및 미래의 신장 기능에 대한 예후 및 예측을 보고하는 것Analyzing the retinal image through the deep neural network, reporting the prognosis and prediction for the current state of renal function and future renal function을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 제1항에 있어서,According to claim 1,상기 심층 신경망을 이용하여 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 보고하는 단계는,The step of reporting the abnormality of kidney function using the deep neural network is,현재 신장 기능의 조기 이상, 중기 이상, 및 미래의 신장 기능에 대한 예후 및 예측에 대한 3가지 정보를 하나의 상기 심층 신경망을 통해 동시에 보고하는 것To simultaneously report three pieces of information on the prognosis and prediction of early abnormality, intermediate stage abnormality, and future renal function of current renal function through one deep neural network.을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 방법.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method.
- 망막 영상을 이용하여 신장 기능의 이상을 검출하기 위해, 망막 영상을 전처리하는 전처리부;In order to detect abnormalities in renal function using the retinal image, a preprocessor for preprocessing the retinal image;전처리된 상기 망막 영상을 이용하여 심층 신경망을 통해 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 학습하는 학습부; 및a learning unit for learning whether there is an abnormality in renal function through a deep neural network using the pre-processed retinal image; and학습된 상기 심층 신경망을 이용하여 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 보고하는 판단부Determination unit for reporting abnormalities in renal function using the learned deep neural network를 포함하고,including,상기 신장 기능의 이상 유무를 보고하고, 보고 근거를 제공하여 사용자의 판단을 돕는 것Reporting the presence or absence of abnormalities in the renal function and providing a basis for reporting to help the user's judgment을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 장치.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis device.
- 제13항에 있어서,14. The method of claim 13,상기 학습부는,The learning unit,상기 심층 신경망의 성능을 향상시키기 위해 나이, 성별, 당뇨병 유무 및 고혈압 유무 중 적어도 어느 하나 이상의 환자의 의료 정보 데이터를 상기 심층 신경망과 결합하여 함께 학습하는 것In order to improve the performance of the deep neural network, combining medical information data of at least one patient among age, sex, diabetes and hypertension with the deep neural network and learning together을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 장치.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis device.
- 제13항에 있어서,14. The method of claim 13,상기 학습부는,The learning unit,상기 신장 기능의 이상 유무의 판단 기준으로 혈청 크레아티닌 농도로부터 CKD(Chronic Kidney Disease) 계산법에 의해 산출된 eGFR(estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate) 값을 이용하는 것Using the estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) value calculated by the CKD (Chronic Kidney Disease) calculation method from the serum creatinine concentration as a criterion for determining whether the renal function is abnormal을 특징으로 하는, 심층 신경망 기반 망막 영상 분석 장치.Characterized in, a deep neural network-based retinal image analysis device.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2020-0063816 | 2020-05-27 | ||
KR1020200063816A KR102410292B1 (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Deep Neural Network based Retinal Image Analysis Method and Apparatus for Detection of Abnormal Kidney Function |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2021241830A1 true WO2021241830A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
Family
ID=78744987
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/KR2020/019362 WO2021241830A1 (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-12-30 | Deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method and apparatus for detection of abnormal kidney function |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
KR (1) | KR102410292B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021241830A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017031099A1 (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-02-23 | Ohio University | Devices and methods for classifying diabetic and macular degeneration |
KR20190115713A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-14 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | Device for vessel detection and retinal edema diagnosis using multi-functional neurlal network and method for detecting and diagnosing same |
KR102058883B1 (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-12-24 | 주식회사 홍복 | Method of analyzing iris image and retina image for diagnosing diabetes and pre-symptom in artificial intelligence |
KR20200005412A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-01-15 | 연세대학교 산학협력단 | Cardiovascular disease diagnosis assistant method and apparatus |
KR20200011033A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2020-01-31 | 메디비콘 아이엔씨. | How kidney function is measured |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101977645B1 (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-06-12 | 주식회사 메디웨일 | Eye image analysis method |
JP2020036835A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-03-12 | 株式会社クレスコ | Ophthalmologic diagnostic support apparatus, ophthalmologic diagnostic support method, and ophthalmologic diagnostic support program |
-
2020
- 2020-05-27 KR KR1020200063816A patent/KR102410292B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2020-12-30 WO PCT/KR2020/019362 patent/WO2021241830A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017031099A1 (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-02-23 | Ohio University | Devices and methods for classifying diabetic and macular degeneration |
KR20200011033A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2020-01-31 | 메디비콘 아이엔씨. | How kidney function is measured |
KR20190115713A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2019-10-14 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | Device for vessel detection and retinal edema diagnosis using multi-functional neurlal network and method for detecting and diagnosing same |
KR20200005412A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-01-15 | 연세대학교 산학협력단 | Cardiovascular disease diagnosis assistant method and apparatus |
KR102058883B1 (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-12-24 | 주식회사 홍복 | Method of analyzing iris image and retina image for diagnosing diabetes and pre-symptom in artificial intelligence |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20210146690A (en) | 2021-12-06 |
KR102410292B1 (en) | 2022-06-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2020207377A1 (en) | Method, device, and system for image recognition model training and image recognition | |
US11612311B2 (en) | System and method of otoscopy image analysis to diagnose ear pathology | |
WO2021093448A1 (en) | Image processing method and apparatus, server, medical image processing device and storage medium | |
WO2017022908A1 (en) | Method and program for bone age calculation using deep neural networks | |
WO2019103440A1 (en) | Method for supporting reading of medical image of subject and device using same | |
WO2020248387A1 (en) | Face recognition method and apparatus based on multiple cameras, and terminal and storage medium | |
WO2011028023A2 (en) | Apparatus and method for detecting eye state | |
WO2013129825A1 (en) | Method and device for notification of facial recognition environment, and computer-readable recording medium for executing method | |
WO2020138925A1 (en) | Artificial intelligence-based method and system for classification of blood flow section | |
WO2013048159A1 (en) | Method, apparatus and computer readable recording medium for detecting a location of a face feature point using an adaboost learning algorithm | |
WO2019231104A1 (en) | Method for classifying images by using deep neural network and apparatus using same | |
WO2019098415A1 (en) | Method for determining whether subject has developed cervical cancer, and device using same | |
KR102078876B1 (en) | Method and system for detecting pneumothorax | |
WO2021071288A1 (en) | Fracture diagnosis model training method and device | |
WO2019189972A1 (en) | Method for analyzing iris image by artificial intelligence so as to diagnose dementia | |
CN109460717A (en) | Alimentary canal Laser scanning confocal microscope lesion image-recognizing method and device | |
Li et al. | Computer-aided diagnosis of COVID-19 CT scans based on spatiotemporal information fusion | |
KR20190082149A (en) | Method for predicting glaucoma | |
WO2019132588A1 (en) | Image analysis device and method based on image feature and context | |
WO2023273297A1 (en) | Multi-modality-based living body detection method and apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium | |
WO2024005542A1 (en) | Method and device for predicting disease through wrinkle detection | |
WO2021241830A1 (en) | Deep neural network-based retinal image analysis method and apparatus for detection of abnormal kidney function | |
WO2021002669A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for constructing integrated lesion learning model, and apparatus and method for diagnosing lesion by using integrated lesion learning model | |
CN1462884A (en) | Method of recognizing image of lung cancer cells with high accuracy and low rate of false negative | |
WO2021177799A1 (en) | Image-based coronavirus infection quantitative classification method and system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 20937590 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 20937590 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
32PN | Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established |
Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE 112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205N DATED 10.05.2023) |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 20937590 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |