WO2021238784A1 - Neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material, raw material composition therefor and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

Neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material, raw material composition therefor and preparation method therefor Download PDF

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WO2021238784A1
WO2021238784A1 PCT/CN2021/095070 CN2021095070W WO2021238784A1 WO 2021238784 A1 WO2021238784 A1 WO 2021238784A1 CN 2021095070 W CN2021095070 W CN 2021095070W WO 2021238784 A1 WO2021238784 A1 WO 2021238784A1
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mas
permanent magnet
neodymium iron
iron boron
mass percentage
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PCT/CN2021/095070
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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蓝琴
黄佳莹
牟维国
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厦门钨业股份有限公司
福建省长汀金龙稀土有限公司
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Priority to JP2022549538A priority Critical patent/JP7282274B2/en
Publication of WO2021238784A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021238784A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
    • H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
    • B22F1/0003—
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • H01F41/0293—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets diffusion of rare earth elements, e.g. Tb, Dy or Ho, into permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, its raw material composition, and a preparation method thereof.
  • Permanent magnet materials have been developed as a key material for supporting electronic devices, and the development direction is towards the direction of high magnetic energy product and high coercivity.
  • RTB-based permanent magnet materials (R is at least one of rare earth elements) are known as the highest performance magnets among permanent magnets, and are used in voice coil motors (VCM) of hard disk drives and electric vehicles (EV, HV, PHV) Etc.)
  • VCM voice coil motors
  • EV HV, PHV
  • Etc electric vehicles
  • motors such as motors, industrial equipment motors and home appliances, etc.
  • the existing NdFeB permanent magnet material has a narrow heat treatment temperature zone.
  • the performance of the sintered magnet will vary depending on the loading position. Major changes have taken place, which is not conducive to mass production.
  • R-T-B permanent magnet material that can guarantee the magnetic properties (residual magnetism and coercivity), good demagnetization resistance, and heat treatment temperature zone.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the NdFeB permanent magnet material in the prior art cannot guarantee the magnetic performance, the anti-demagnetization performance and the heat treatment temperature zone at the same time, and provide a NdFeB permanent magnet material and its raw material composition , Its preparation method.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a raw material composition for preparing neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials, which includes the following components in terms of mass percentage:
  • R 30.2-31.7mas%, the R is a rare earth element
  • mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
  • the content of R is preferably in the range of 30.2-30.9 mas%, such as 30.3 mas%, 30.8 mas% or 30.7 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
  • the R preferably includes a heavy rare earth metal RH, and the heavy rare earth element RH refers to an element with an atomic number greater than or equal to 64 in the lanthanide series.
  • the RH generally refers to one or more heavy rare earth elements among Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Sc.
  • the RH includes Dy and/or Tb. More preferably, the RH further includes Ho and/or Gd. More preferably, the RH is Dy and/or Tb.
  • the content of the RH is preferably in the range of 0-1.2 mas%, and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
  • the content of Dy is preferably in the range of 0-0.6 mas% and not 0, such as 0.1 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition .
  • the content of Tb is preferably in the range of 0.4-1.2 mas%, such as 0.9 mas%, 0.7 mas%, 0.6 mas%, 0.8 mas% or 1.1 mas%, where mas% is Refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
  • the content of Nb is preferably 0.1-0.24 mas%, such as 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
  • the Cu content is preferably in the range of 0.35-0.4 mas%, such as 0.37 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
  • the content of Al is preferably in the range of 0-0.12 mas%, such as 0.03 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
  • the content of B is preferably in the range of 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
  • the raw material composition preferably further includes Co.
  • the content of Co is preferably 0.5-5 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
  • mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
  • the raw material composition may further include M, and the M is one or more of Zr, Ti, and Hf.
  • the content of M is preferably in the range of 0-0.15 mas% and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
  • the content of Ti is preferably in the range of 0-0.1mas% and not 0, such as 0.05mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition .
  • the raw material composition preferably consists of the following components:
  • Nd 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4-1mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0- 0.03mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe.
  • the components and content of the raw material composition can be any one of the following numbers 1-6 (mas%):
  • the second objective of the present invention is to provide an alloy sheet of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, which comprises the following components in terms of mass percentage:
  • R 30.2-31.7mas%, the R is a rare earth element
  • mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material refers to the material obtained by smelting and casting the raw material composition for preparing the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of R is preferably in the range of 30.2-30.9 mas%, such as 30.3 mas%, 30.8 mas% or 30.7 mas%, and mas% refers to the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The percentage of mass.
  • the R preferably includes a heavy rare earth metal RH, and the heavy rare earth element RH refers to an element with an atomic number greater than or equal to 64 in the lanthanide series.
  • the RH generally refers to one or more heavy rare earth elements among Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Sc.
  • the RH includes Dy and/or Tb. More preferably, the RH further includes Ho and/or Gd. More preferably, the RH is Dy and/or Tb.
  • the content of the RH is preferably in the range of 0-1.2 mas% and not 0.
  • the mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of Dy is preferably in the range of 0-0.6 mas% and not 0, such as 0.1 mas%.
  • mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage in the alloy flakes.
  • the content of Tb is preferably in the range of 0.4-1.2 mas%, such as 0.9 mas%, 0.7 mas%, 0.6 mas%, 0.8 mas% or 1.1 mas%, where mas% is Refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the Nb content is preferably in the range of 0.1-0.24 mas%, such as 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the Cu content is preferably in the range of 0.35-0.4 mas%, such as 0.37 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of Al is preferably in the range of 0-0.12 mas%, such as 0.03 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of B is preferably in the range of 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably further includes Co.
  • the content of Co is preferably 0.5-5 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the Co is preferably 2.5-5.0mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may further include M, and the M is one or more of Zr, Ti, and Hf.
  • the content of M is preferably in the range of 0-0.15 mas%, and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of Ti is preferably in the range of 0-0.1mas%, and not 0, such as 0.05mas%, and mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage in the alloy flakes.
  • the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is prepared according to the following preparation method: the above-mentioned raw material composition is smelted.
  • the thickness of the alloy sheet is 0.2 mm-0.4 mm, for example, 0.3 mm.
  • the smelting temperature is 1300-1700°C.
  • the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably consists of the following components:
  • Nd 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4-1mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0- 0.03mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe.
  • composition and content of the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material can be any one of the following numbers 1-6 (mas%):
  • the third objective of the present invention is to provide a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material matrix, which includes the following components in terms of mass percentage:
  • R is a rare earth element
  • mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of R is preferably in the range of 30.2-30.9 mas%, such as 30.3 mas%, 30.8 mas% or 30.7 mas%, and mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage.
  • the R preferably includes a heavy rare earth metal RH, and the heavy rare earth element RH refers to an element with an atomic number greater than or equal to 64 in the lanthanide series.
  • the RH generally refers to one or more heavy rare earth elements among Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Sc.
  • the RH includes Dy and/or Tb. More preferably, the RH further includes Ho and/or Gd. More preferably, the RH is Dy and/or Tb.
  • the content of the RH is preferably in the range of 0-1.2 mas% and not 0.
  • the mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of Dy is preferably in the range of 0-0.6 mas% and not 0, such as 0.1 mas%.
  • mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage in the matrix.
  • the content of Tb is preferably in the range of 0.4-1.2 mas%, such as 0.9 mas%, 0.7 mas%, 0.6 mas%, 0.8 mas% or 1.1 mas%, where mas% is Refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the Nb content is preferably 0.1-0.24 mas%, such as 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of Cu is preferably in the range of 0.35-0.4 mas%, such as 0.37 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of Al is preferably in the range of 0-0.12 mas%, such as 0.03 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of B is preferably 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may further include C.
  • the content of C is preferably 0.1-0.2mas%, such as 0.11mas%, 0.15mas%, 0.17mas%, or 0.12mas%, and mas% refers to the content in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage.
  • the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may further include O.
  • the content of O is preferably in the range of 0.04-0.13mas%, such as 0.1mas%, 0.09mas%, 0.05mas%, 0.08mas% or 0.11mas%, and mas% refers to the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The percentage of mass in the matrix.
  • the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably further includes Co.
  • the content of Co is preferably 0.5-5 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the Co is preferably 2.5-5.0mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may further include M, and the M is one or more of Zr, Ti, and Hf.
  • the content of M is preferably in the range of 0-0.15 mas%, and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of Ti is preferably in the range of 0-0.1mas%, and not 0, such as 0.05mas%, and mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage in the matrix.
  • the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably consists of the following components:
  • Nd 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4-1mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0- 0.03mas%; C, 0.11-0.12mas%; O, 0.05-0.1mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe.
  • composition and content of the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material can be any one of the following numbers 1-6 (mas%):
  • the fourth objective of the present invention is to provide a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, which includes the following components in terms of mass percentage:
  • R 30.5-32mas%, the R is a rare earth element, and the R includes a heavy rare earth metal RH;
  • mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the heavy rare earth element RH refers to an element with an atomic number greater than or equal to 64 in the lanthanide series.
  • the content of R is preferably in the range of 30.6-31.4mas%, such as 31.3mas%, 30.8mas% or 30.7mas%, and mas% refers to the mass in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material percentage.
  • the content of the RH is preferably 0.6-1.8mas%, such as 1.6mas%, 1.4mas%, 1.3mas%, 1.1mas% or 1.7mas%, and mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron The mass percentage of boron permanent magnet material.
  • the RH generally refers to one or more heavy rare earth elements among Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Sc.
  • the RH includes Dy and/or Tb. More preferably, the RH further includes Ho and/or Gd. More preferably, the RH is Dy and/or Tb.
  • the content of Dy is preferably in the range of 0-0.6 mas% and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of Tb is preferably in the range of 1-1.5 mas%, such as 1.4 mas%, 1.3 mas% or 1.1 mas%.
  • the mass percentage of the magnetic material is preferably in the range of 1-1.5 mas%, such as 1.4 mas%, 1.3 mas% or 1.1 mas%.
  • the content of Nb is preferably 0.1-0.24 mas%, for example 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the Cu content is preferably in the range of 0.35-0.4 mas%, such as 0.37 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of Al is preferably in the range of 0-0.12 mas%, such as 0.03 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of B is preferably in the range of 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may also include C.
  • the content of C is preferably 0.1-0.2mas%, such as 0.11mas%, 0.15mas%, 0.17mas% or 0.12mas%, mas% refers to the mass in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material percentage.
  • the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may also include O.
  • the content of O is preferably in the range of 0.04-0.13mas%, such as 0.1mas%, 0.09mas%, 0.05mas%, 0.08mas% or 0.11mas%, and mas% refers to the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The percentage of mass in the.
  • the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably further includes Co.
  • the content of Co is preferably 0.5-5 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the Co is preferably 2.5-5.0mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may further include M, and the M is one or more of Zr, Ti, and Hf.
  • the content of M is preferably in the range of 0-0.15 mas% and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the content of Ti is preferably in the range of 0-0.1mas%, and not 0, such as 0.05mas%, and mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage in.
  • the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably consists of the following components:
  • Nd 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 1-1.4mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0 -0.03mas%; C, 0.11-0.12mas%; O, 0.05-0.1mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe.
  • the composition and content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material can be any one of the following numbers 1-6 (mas%):
  • the fifth objective of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a matrix of a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the preparation method includes the following steps: smelting the above-mentioned raw material composition for preparing the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, The alloy flakes are obtained; the alloy flakes are powdered, formed, and sintered.
  • the thickness of the alloy sheet may be 0.2mm-0.4mm, for example 0.3mm.
  • the alloy sheet is an alloy sheet of the above-mentioned neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the smelting operation and conditions can be conventional smelting processes in the field.
  • the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is smelted and casted by an ingot process and a quick-setting sheet process to obtain alloy flakes .
  • an additional 0-0.3mas% rare earth element ( Generally Nd element), the percentage is the mass percentage of the content of the additional rare earth element to the total content of the raw material composition; in addition, the content of this part of the additional rare earth element is not included in the category of the raw material composition.
  • the melting temperature may be 1300-1700°C.
  • the smelting equipment is generally a high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace, such as a high-frequency vacuum induction quick-setting ribbon spinning furnace.
  • the operation and conditions of the pulverizing can be conventional pulverizing processes in the field, and generally include hydrogen crushing pulverizing and jet milling pulverizing.
  • the hydrogen crushing and pulverizing generally includes hydrogen absorption, dehydrogenation and cooling treatment.
  • the temperature of the hydrogen absorption is generally 20-200°C.
  • the temperature of the dehydrogenation is generally 400-650°C.
  • the pressure of the hydrogen absorption is generally 50-600 kPa.
  • the air-jet milling powder is generally carried out under the conditions of 0.1-2 MPa, preferably 0.5-0.7 MPa.
  • the gas stream in the gas stream milling powder can be, for example, nitrogen gas and/or argon gas.
  • the efficiency of the air jet milling powder may vary according to different equipment, for example, it may be 30-400 kg/h, and for example 200 kg/h.
  • the particle size of the powder after the airflow milling may be D50 3 ⁇ m-8 ⁇ m, for example, D50 4 ⁇ m.
  • the oxygen content in the airflow milling process, it is generally necessary to control the oxygen content to below 100 ppm.
  • the means for controlling the oxygen content can be conventional in the field.
  • the molding operation and conditions can be conventional molding processes in the field.
  • the magnetic field forming method for example, the magnetic field forming method.
  • the magnetic field strength of the magnetic field forming method is generally above 1.5T.
  • the sintering operation and conditions can be conventional sintering processes in the field, such as vacuum sintering process and/or inert atmosphere sintering process.
  • the vacuum sintering process or the inert atmosphere sintering process are conventional operations in the art.
  • the initial stage of sintering may be performed under the condition that the vacuum degree is lower than 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 Pa, for example, 10 ⁇ 3 Pa.
  • the inert atmosphere may be a conventional atmosphere containing inert gas in the art, and is not limited to helium and argon.
  • the sintering temperature may be 1000-1200°C, preferably 1030-1090°C.
  • the sintering time may be 0.5-10h, preferably 2-8h.
  • the sixth object of the present invention is to provide a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material matrix, which is prepared according to the above-mentioned preparation method.
  • the seventh objective of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the preparation method includes the following steps: subjecting the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material to a grain boundary diffusion treatment.
  • the grain boundary diffusion treatment can be processed according to conventional processes in the field, for example, the grain boundary diffusion treatment can be realized by a heavy rare earth metal coating operation, a vapor phase physical precipitation operation, or an evaporation operation.
  • the heavy rare earth metal includes Dy and/or Tb.
  • the content of the heavy rare earth metal is preferably 0-0.6 mas%, and not 0.
  • the mas% refers to the mass percentage of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
  • the heavy rare earth metal is generally coated in the form of fluoride, such as terbium fluoride or dysprosium fluoride, and the introduced fluorine element is not included in the element range of the final magnet composition.
  • the gas phase physical precipitation operation generally refers to magnetron plasma sputtering, in which the heavy rare earth Dy and/or Tb target is bombarded by an inert gas to generate heavy rare earth Dy and/or Tb ions, which are uniformly attached to the surface of the substrate under the control of a magnetic field.
  • the vapor deposition method generally refers to the production of heavy rare earth Dy and/or Tb vapor at a certain vacuum degree (such as 0.05-5Pa) and a certain temperature (such as 500-900°C) by heavy rare earth Dy and/or Tb.
  • the rare earth elements are enriched on the surface of the substrate.
  • the temperature of the grain boundary diffusion may be 800-1000°C, such as 850°C.
  • the time for the grain boundary diffusion may be 12-90h, such as 24h.
  • heat treatment is also performed according to the conventional practice in the art.
  • the temperature of the heat treatment may be 470°C-510°C.
  • the heat treatment time may be 2-4 hours, for example, 3 hours.
  • the C and O impurities introduced due to the influence of the purity of the raw material and the preparation process are not included in the raw material composition and the alloy flake product range.
  • Lubricants are generally added in the preparation process, and the content of carbon impurities introduced is conventional in the art, generally 0.1-0.2 mas%.
  • the content of oxygen impurities introduced is conventional in the art, and is generally below 1300 ppm.
  • the eighth object of the present invention is to provide a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, which is prepared according to the above-mentioned preparation method.
  • the reagents and raw materials used in the present invention are all commercially available.
  • the squareness of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material of the present invention is better, all of which are more than 99%;
  • the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material of the present invention has good temperature performance, and the temperature coefficient of Hcj at 20-150°C
  • the heat treatment temperature range of the NdFeB permanent magnet material of the present invention is wide, which is 470-510°C;
  • FIG. 1 is a microstructure diagram of the alloy sheet of Example 2.
  • NdFeB permanent magnet material The preparation method of NdFeB permanent magnet material is as follows:
  • Airflow milling process in a nitrogen atmosphere (the oxygen content needs to be controlled below 100ppm, when the oxygen content is below 100ppm, the oxygen content generally does not affect the prepared material), the pressure in the crushing chamber is 0.65 Under the condition of MPa, the powder after hydrogen pulverization is pulverized by jet mill (the efficiency of jet mill powder may vary depending on the equipment, for example, it can be 200kg/h) to obtain fine powder with a particle size of D50 4 ⁇ m.
  • each molded body is moved to a sintering furnace for sintering, sintered under a vacuum of 10 -3 Pa, and sintered at 1030-1090°C for 2-8 hours to obtain a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material matrix.
  • Temperature stability test is generally expressed by the temperature variation coefficient of various magnetic properties, which refers to the percentage of the change in magnetic properties for every 1°C change in temperature, which characterizes the magnetic properties of permanent magnet materials in the external temperature field.
  • Microstructure inspection of the alloy sheet Take the alloy sheet of Example 2 and observe it with a Kerr polarized light microscope.
  • the test method is: inlay and polish the section of the alloy sheet, and then place it under a Kerr polarized light microscope to magnify 200 times for shooting.
  • the roller surface is parallel to the lower edge of the field of view.
  • draw a straight line with a length of 445 ⁇ m at the center of the field of view and count the number of primary crystals passing through the straight line. As shown in Figure 1, the average particle size of the primary crystals is calculated, and the result is an average particle size of 15.3 ⁇ m.

Abstract

Disclosed are a neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material, a raw material composition therefor and a preparation method therefor. The raw material composition for preparing the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material comprises the following components: R: 30.2-31.7 mass%, R being a rare earth element; Nb: <0.25 mas% and not 0; Cu: 0.35-0.5 mass%; Al: 0-0.2 mass%; B: 0.92-0.96 mass%; and Fe: 60- 70 mass%. The sum of the components is 100 mass%, R comprises heavy rare earth metal RH, and RH comprises Dy and/or Tb. The square degree of the neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material prepared from the raw material composition is 99% or above; the absolute value of the temperature coefficient of Hcj at 20-150°C is 0.404% to 0.414%; the heat treatment temperature range is 470-510°C; Br ≥ 14 kGs, and the coercive force ≥ 25 kOe.

Description

钕铁硼永磁材料、其原料组合物、其制备方法Neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, its raw material composition, and its preparation method 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及钕铁硼永磁材料、其原料组合物、其制备方法。The invention relates to a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, its raw material composition, and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
永磁材料作为支撑电子器件的关键材料被开发出来，发展方向向着高磁能积及高矫顽力的方向进行。R-T-B系永磁材料(R为稀土类元素中的至少一种)已知为永久磁铁中性能最高的磁铁，被用于硬盘驱动器的音圈电机(VCM)、电动车用(EV、HV、PHV等)电机、工业设备用电机等各种电机和家电制品等。Permanent magnet materials have been developed as a key material for supporting electronic devices, and the development direction is towards the direction of high magnetic energy product and high coercivity. RTB-based permanent magnet materials (R is at least one of rare earth elements) are known as the highest performance magnets among permanent magnets, and are used in voice coil motors (VCM) of hard disk drives and electric vehicles (EV, HV, PHV) Etc.) Various motors such as motors, industrial equipment motors and home appliances, etc.
现有技术中，面临的技术难题之一：当高熔点金属，例如Nb、Ti和Zr等含量较低时，会导致烧结困难，从而磁体矫顽力下降。但高熔点金属含量较高时，也会导致剩磁降低。In the prior art, one of the technical problems faced: when the content of high melting point metals, such as Nb, Ti, and Zr, is low, it will cause difficulty in sintering, thereby reducing the coercivity of the magnet. But when the content of high melting point metal is higher, the remanence will also decrease.
面临的技术难题之二：现有的钕铁硼永磁材料的热处理温区较窄，在大热处理炉中对钕铁硼永磁材料进行热处理时，根据装载位置的不同，烧结磁铁的性能会发生大的变动，不利于批量生产。The second technical problem: The existing NdFeB permanent magnet material has a narrow heat treatment temperature zone. When the NdFeB permanent magnet material is heat treated in a large heat treatment furnace, the performance of the sintered magnet will vary depending on the loading position. Major changes have taken place, which is not conducive to mass production.
因此，亟需一种既能保证磁性能(剩磁和矫顽力)，且抗退磁性能好，又能够保证热处理温区的R-T-B系永磁材料。Therefore, there is an urgent need for an R-T-B permanent magnet material that can guarantee the magnetic properties (residual magnetism and coercivity), good demagnetization resistance, and heat treatment temperature zone.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术中钕铁硼永磁材料不能同时保证磁性能、抗退磁性能和热处理温区的缺陷，而提供一种钕铁硼永磁材料、其原料组合物、其制备方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the NdFeB permanent magnet material in the prior art cannot guarantee the magnetic performance, the anti-demagnetization performance and the heat treatment temperature zone at the same time, and provide a NdFeB permanent magnet material and its raw material composition , Its preparation method.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供以下技术方案：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
本发明目的之一，提供一种用于制备钕铁硼永磁材料的原料组合物，以质量百分比计，其包括以下组分：One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a raw material composition for preparing neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials, which includes the following components in terms of mass percentage:
R，30.2-31.7mas％，所述R为稀土元素；R, 30.2-31.7mas%, the R is a rare earth element;
Nb，＜0.25mas％且不为0；Nb, <0.25mas% and not 0;
Cu，0.35-0.5mas％；Cu, 0.35-0.5mas%;
Al，0-0.2mas％；Al, 0-0.2mas%;
B，0.92-0.96mas％；B, 0.92-0.96mas%;
Fe，60-70mas％；各组分之和为100mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。Fe, 60-70mas%; the sum of each component is 100mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
本发明中，所述R的含量范围较佳地为30.2-30.9mas％，例如30.3mas％、30.8mas％或30.7mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of R is preferably in the range of 30.2-30.9 mas%, such as 30.3 mas%, 30.8 mas% or 30.7 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
本发明中，所述R较佳地包括重稀土金属RH，所述重稀土元素RH是指镧系元素中原子序数大于等于64的元素。In the present invention, the R preferably includes a heavy rare earth metal RH, and the heavy rare earth element RH refers to an element with an atomic number greater than or equal to 64 in the lanthanide series.
其中，所述RH一般是指Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu和Sc中的一种或多种重稀土元素。较佳地，所述RH包括Dy和/或Tb。更佳地，所述RH还包括Ho和/或Gd。更佳地，所述RH为Dy和/或Tb。Wherein, the RH generally refers to one or more heavy rare earth elements among Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Sc. Preferably, the RH includes Dy and/or Tb. More preferably, the RH further includes Ho and/or Gd. More preferably, the RH is Dy and/or Tb.
其中，所述RH的含量范围较佳地为0-1.2mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。Wherein, the content of the RH is preferably in the range of 0-1.2 mas%, and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
其中，当所述RH包括Dy时，所述Dy的含量范围较佳地为0-0.6mas％、且不为0，例如0.1mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the RH includes Dy, the content of Dy is preferably in the range of 0-0.6 mas% and not 0, such as 0.1 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition .
其中，当所述RH包括Tb时，所述Tb的含量范围较佳地为0.4-1.2mas％，例如0.9mas％、0.7mas％、0.6mas％、0.8mas％或1.1mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the RH includes Tb, the content of Tb is preferably in the range of 0.4-1.2 mas%, such as 0.9 mas%, 0.7 mas%, 0.6 mas%, 0.8 mas% or 1.1 mas%, where mas% is Refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
本发明中，所述Nb的含量范围较佳地为0.1-0.24mas％，例如0.14mas％或0.2mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of Nb is preferably 0.1-0.24 mas%, such as 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
本发明中，所述Cu的含量范围较佳地为0.35-0.4mas％，例如0.37mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the Cu content is preferably in the range of 0.35-0.4 mas%, such as 0.37 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
本发明中，所述Al的含量范围较佳地为0-0.12mas％，例如0.03mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of Al is preferably in the range of 0-0.12 mas%, such as 0.03 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
本发明中，所述B的含量范围较佳地为0.925-0.955mas％，例如0.94mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of B is preferably in the range of 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
本发明中，所述原料组合物较佳地还包括Co。所述Co的含量范围较佳地为0.5-5mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。当0.14mas％＜Nb含量＜0.25mas％时，所述Co较佳地为2.5-5.0mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the raw material composition preferably further includes Co. The content of Co is preferably 0.5-5 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition. When 0.14mas%<Nb content<0.25mas%, the Co is preferably 2.5-5.0mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
本发明中，所述原料组合物还可包括M，所述M为Zr、Ti和Hf中的一种或多种。In the present invention, the raw material composition may further include M, and the M is one or more of Zr, Ti, and Hf.
其中，所述M的含量范围较佳地为0-0.15mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。Wherein, the content of M is preferably in the range of 0-0.15 mas% and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition.
其中，当所述M包括Ti时，所述Ti的含量范围较佳地为0-0.1mas％、且不为0，例如0.05mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the M includes Ti, the content of Ti is preferably in the range of 0-0.1mas% and not 0, such as 0.05mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition .
本发明中，以质量百分比计，所述原料组合物较佳地由以下组分组成：In the present invention, in terms of mass percentage, the raw material composition preferably consists of the following components:
Nd，29-30mas％；Dy，0-0.6mas％；Tb，0.4-1mas％；B，0.925-0.94mas％；Nb，0.1-0.2mas％；Cu，0.37-0.4mas％；Al，0-0.03mas％；Co，0.8-2.6mas％；Ti，0-0.1mas％；余量为Fe。Nd, 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4-1mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0- 0.03mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe.
在本发明较佳实施方式中，所述原料组合物的组分和含量可为下述编号1-6中的任意一种(mas％)：In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the components and content of the raw material composition can be any one of the following numbers 1-6 (mas%):
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000001
本发明的目的之二，提供一种钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片，以质量百分比计，其包括以下组分：The second objective of the present invention is to provide an alloy sheet of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, which comprises the following components in terms of mass percentage:
R，30.2-31.7mas％，所述R为稀土元素；R, 30.2-31.7mas%, the R is a rare earth element;
Nb，＜0.25mas％且不为0；Nb, <0.25mas% and not 0;
Cu，0.35-0.5mas％；Cu, 0.35-0.5mas%;
Al，0-0.2mas％；Al, 0-0.2mas%;
B，0.92-0.96mas％，B, 0.92-0.96mas%,
Fe，60-70mas％；各组分之和为100mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。Fe, 60-70mas%; the sum of each component is 100mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片是指经所述用于制备钕铁硼永磁材料的原料组合物熔炼、铸造所得。In the present invention, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material refers to the material obtained by smelting and casting the raw material composition for preparing the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述R的含量范围较佳地为30.2-30.9mas％，例如30.3mas％、30.8mas％或30.7mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of R is preferably in the range of 30.2-30.9 mas%, such as 30.3 mas%, 30.8 mas% or 30.7 mas%, and mas% refers to the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The percentage of mass.
本发明中，所述R较佳地包括重稀土金属RH，所述重稀土元素RH是指镧系元素中原子序数大于等于64的元素。In the present invention, the R preferably includes a heavy rare earth metal RH, and the heavy rare earth element RH refers to an element with an atomic number greater than or equal to 64 in the lanthanide series.
其中，所述RH一般是指Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu和Sc中的一种或多种重稀土元素。较佳地，所述RH包括Dy和/或Tb。更佳地，所述RH还包括Ho和/或Gd。更佳地，所述RH为Dy和/或Tb。Wherein, the RH generally refers to one or more heavy rare earth elements among Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Sc. Preferably, the RH includes Dy and/or Tb. More preferably, the RH further includes Ho and/or Gd. More preferably, the RH is Dy and/or Tb.
其中，所述RH的含量范围较佳地为0-1.2mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。Wherein, the content of the RH is preferably in the range of 0-1.2 mas% and not 0. The mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
其中，当所述RH包括Dy时，所述Dy的含量范围较佳地为0-0.6mas％、且不为0，例如0.1mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the RH includes Dy, the content of Dy is preferably in the range of 0-0.6 mas% and not 0, such as 0.1 mas%. mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage in the alloy flakes.
其中，当所述RH包括Tb时，所述Tb的含量范围较佳地为0.4-1.2mas％，例如0.9mas％、0.7mas％、0.6mas％、0.8mas％或1.1mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the RH includes Tb, the content of Tb is preferably in the range of 0.4-1.2 mas%, such as 0.9 mas%, 0.7 mas%, 0.6 mas%, 0.8 mas% or 1.1 mas%, where mas% is Refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述Nb的含量范围较佳地为0.1-0.24mas％，例如0.14mas％或0.2mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the Nb content is preferably in the range of 0.1-0.24 mas%, such as 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述Cu的含量范围较佳地为0.35-0.4mas％，例如0.37mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the Cu content is preferably in the range of 0.35-0.4 mas%, such as 0.37 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述Al的含量范围较佳地为0-0.12mas％，例如0.03mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of Al is preferably in the range of 0-0.12 mas%, such as 0.03 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述B的含量范围较佳地为0.925-0.955mas％，例如0.94mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of B is preferably in the range of 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片较佳地还包括Co。所述Co的含量范围较佳地为0.5-5mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。当0.14mas％＜Nb含量＜0.25mas％时，所述Co较佳地为2.5-5.0mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably further includes Co. The content of Co is preferably 0.5-5 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. When 0.14mas%<Nb content<0.25mas%, the Co is preferably 2.5-5.0mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片还可包括M，所述M为Zr、Ti和Hf中的一种或多种。In the present invention, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may further include M, and the M is one or more of Zr, Ti, and Hf.
其中，所述M的含量范围较佳地为0-0.15mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。Wherein, the content of M is preferably in the range of 0-0.15 mas%, and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
其中，当所述M包括Ti时，所述Ti的含量范围较佳地为0-0.1mas％、且不为0，例如0.05mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the M includes Ti, the content of Ti is preferably in the range of 0-0.1mas%, and not 0, such as 0.05mas%, and mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage in the alloy flakes.
本发明中，较佳地，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片按照以下制备方法制得：将上述的原料组合物经熔炼即可。In the present invention, preferably, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is prepared according to the following preparation method: the above-mentioned raw material composition is smelted.
其中，更佳地，所述合金片的厚度为0.2mm-0.4mm，例如0.3mm。Wherein, more preferably, the thickness of the alloy sheet is 0.2 mm-0.4 mm, for example, 0.3 mm.
其中，更佳地，所述熔炼的温度为1300-1700℃。Wherein, more preferably, the smelting temperature is 1300-1700°C.
本发明中，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片较佳地由以下组分组成：In the present invention, in terms of mass percentage, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably consists of the following components:
Nd，29-30mas％；Dy，0-0.6mas％；Tb，0.4-1mas％；B，0.925-0.94mas％；Nb，0.1-0.2mas％；Cu，0.37-0.4mas％；Al，0-0.03mas％；Co，0.8-2.6mas％；Ti，0-0.1mas％；余量为Fe。Nd, 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4-1mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0- 0.03mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe.
在本发明较佳实施方式中，忽略损耗，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片的组分和含量可为下述编号1-6中的任意一种(mas％)：In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, ignoring loss, the composition and content of the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material can be any one of the following numbers 1-6 (mas%):
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000003
本发明的目的之三，提供一种钕铁硼永磁材料的基体，以质量百分比计，其包括以下组分：The third objective of the present invention is to provide a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material matrix, which includes the following components in terms of mass percentage:
R，30-31.5mas％，所述R为稀土元素；R, 30-31.5mas%, the R is a rare earth element;
Nb，＜0.25mas％且不为0；Nb, <0.25mas% and not 0;
Cu，0.35-0.5mas％；Cu, 0.35-0.5mas%;
Al，0-0.2mas％；Al, 0-0.2mas%;
B，0.92-0.96mas％；B, 0.92-0.96mas%;
Fe，60-70mas％；各组分之和为100mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。Fe, 60-70mas%; the sum of each component is 100mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述R的含量范围较佳地为30.2-30.9mas％，例如30.3mas％、30.8mas％或30.7mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of R is preferably in the range of 30.2-30.9 mas%, such as 30.3 mas%, 30.8 mas% or 30.7 mas%, and mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage.
本发明中，所述R较佳地包括重稀土金属RH，所述重稀土元素RH是指镧系元素中原子序数大于等于64的元素。In the present invention, the R preferably includes a heavy rare earth metal RH, and the heavy rare earth element RH refers to an element with an atomic number greater than or equal to 64 in the lanthanide series.
其中，所述RH一般是指Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu和Sc中的一种或多种重稀土元素。较佳地，所述RH包括Dy和/或Tb。更佳地，所述RH还包括Ho和/或Gd。更佳地，所述RH为Dy和/或Tb。Wherein, the RH generally refers to one or more heavy rare earth elements among Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Sc. Preferably, the RH includes Dy and/or Tb. More preferably, the RH further includes Ho and/or Gd. More preferably, the RH is Dy and/or Tb.
其中，所述RH的含量范围较佳地为0-1.2mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。Wherein, the content of the RH is preferably in the range of 0-1.2 mas% and not 0. The mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
其中，当所述RH包括Dy时，所述Dy的含量范围较佳地为0-0.6mas％、且不为0，例如0.1mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the RH includes Dy, the content of Dy is preferably in the range of 0-0.6 mas% and not 0, such as 0.1 mas%. mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage in the matrix.
其中，当所述RH包括Tb时，所述Tb的含量范围较佳地为0.4-1.2mas％， 例如0.9mas％、0.7mas％、0.6mas％、0.8mas％或1.1mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the RH includes Tb, the content of Tb is preferably in the range of 0.4-1.2 mas%, such as 0.9 mas%, 0.7 mas%, 0.6 mas%, 0.8 mas% or 1.1 mas%, where mas% is Refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述Nb的含量范围较佳地为0.1-0.24mas％，例如0.14mas％或0.2mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the Nb content is preferably 0.1-0.24 mas%, such as 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述Cu的含量范围较佳地为0.35-0.4mas％，例如0.37mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of Cu is preferably in the range of 0.35-0.4 mas%, such as 0.37 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述Al的含量范围较佳地为0-0.12mas％，例如0.03mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of Al is preferably in the range of 0-0.12 mas%, such as 0.03 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述B的含量范围较佳地为0.925-0.955mas％，例如0.94mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of B is preferably 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体还可包括C。所述C的含量范围较佳地为0.1-0.2mas％，例如0.11mas％、0.15mas％、0.17mas％或0.12mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may further include C. The content of C is preferably 0.1-0.2mas%, such as 0.11mas%, 0.15mas%, 0.17mas%, or 0.12mas%, and mas% refers to the content in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage.
本发明中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体还可包括O。所述O的含量范围较佳地为0.04-0.13mas％，例如0.1mas％、0.09mas％、0.05mas％、0.08mas％或0.11mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may further include O. The content of O is preferably in the range of 0.04-0.13mas%, such as 0.1mas%, 0.09mas%, 0.05mas%, 0.08mas% or 0.11mas%, and mas% refers to the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The percentage of mass in the matrix.
本发明中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体较佳地还包括Co。所述Co的含量范围较佳地为0.5-5mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。当0.14mas％＜Nb含量＜0.25mas％时，所述Co较佳地为2.5-5.0mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably further includes Co. The content of Co is preferably 0.5-5 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. When 0.14mas%<Nb content<0.25mas%, the Co is preferably 2.5-5.0mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体还可包括M，所述M为Zr、Ti和Hf中的一种或多种。In the present invention, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may further include M, and the M is one or more of Zr, Ti, and Hf.
其中，所述M的含量范围较佳地为0-0.15mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。Wherein, the content of M is preferably in the range of 0-0.15 mas%, and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
其中，当所述M包括Ti时，所述Ti的含量范围较佳地为0-0.1mas％、且不为0，例如0.05mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the M includes Ti, the content of Ti is preferably in the range of 0-0.1mas%, and not 0, such as 0.05mas%, and mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage in the matrix.
本发明中，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体较佳地由以下组分组成：In the present invention, in terms of mass percentage, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably consists of the following components:
Nd，29-30mas％；Dy，0-0.6mas％；Tb，0.4-1mas％；B，0.925-0.94mas％；Nb，0.1-0.2mas％；Cu，0.37-0.4mas％；Al，0-0.03mas％；C，0.11-0.12mas％；O，0.05-0.1mas％；Co，0.8-2.6mas％；Ti，0-0.1mas％；余量为Fe。Nd, 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4-1mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0- 0.03mas%; C, 0.11-0.12mas%; O, 0.05-0.1mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe.
在本发明较佳实施方式中，忽略损耗，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体的组分和含量可为下述编号1-6中的任意一种(mas％)：In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, ignoring loss, the composition and content of the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material can be any one of the following numbers 1-6 (mas%):
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000004
本发明目的之四，提供一种钕铁硼永磁材料，以质量百分比计，其包括以下组分：The fourth objective of the present invention is to provide a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, which includes the following components in terms of mass percentage:
R，30.5-32mas％，所述R为稀土元素、且所述R包括重稀土金属RH；R, 30.5-32mas%, the R is a rare earth element, and the R includes a heavy rare earth metal RH;
Nb，＜0.25mas％且不为0；Nb, <0.25mas% and not 0;
Cu，0.35-0.5mas％；Cu, 0.35-0.5mas%;
Al，0-0.2mas％；Al, 0-0.2mas%;
B，0.92-0.96mas％，B, 0.92-0.96mas%,
Fe，60-70mas％；各组分之和为100mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。Fe, 60-70mas%; the sum of each component is 100mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述重稀土元素RH是指镧系元素中原子序数大于等于64的元素。In the present invention, the heavy rare earth element RH refers to an element with an atomic number greater than or equal to 64 in the lanthanide series.
本发明中，所述R的含量范围较佳地为30.6-31.4mas％，例如31.3mas％、30.8mas％或30.7mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of R is preferably in the range of 30.6-31.4mas%, such as 31.3mas%, 30.8mas% or 30.7mas%, and mas% refers to the mass in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material percentage.
本发明中，所述RH的含量范围较佳地为0.6-1.8mas％，例如1.6mas％、 1.4mas％、1.3mas％、1.1mas％或1.7mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of the RH is preferably 0.6-1.8mas%, such as 1.6mas%, 1.4mas%, 1.3mas%, 1.1mas% or 1.7mas%, and mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron The mass percentage of boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述RH一般是指Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu和Sc中的一种或多种重稀土元素。较佳地，所述RH包括Dy和/或Tb。更佳地，所述RH还包括Ho和/或Gd。更佳地，所述RH为Dy和/或Tb。In the present invention, the RH generally refers to one or more heavy rare earth elements among Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Sc. Preferably, the RH includes Dy and/or Tb. More preferably, the RH further includes Ho and/or Gd. More preferably, the RH is Dy and/or Tb.
其中，当所述RH包括Dy时，所述Dy的含量范围较佳地为0-0.6mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the RH includes Dy, the content of Dy is preferably in the range of 0-0.6 mas% and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
其中，当所述RH包括Tb时，所述Tb的含量范围较佳地为1-1.5mas％，例如1.4mas％、1.3mas％或1.1mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the RH includes Tb, the content of Tb is preferably in the range of 1-1.5 mas%, such as 1.4 mas%, 1.3 mas% or 1.1 mas%. The mass percentage of the magnetic material.
本发明中，所述Nb的含量范围较佳地为0.1-0.24mas％，例如0.14mas％或0.2mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of Nb is preferably 0.1-0.24 mas%, for example 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述Cu的含量范围较佳地为0.35-0.4mas％，例如0.37mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the Cu content is preferably in the range of 0.35-0.4 mas%, such as 0.37 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述Al的含量范围较佳地为0-0.12mas％，例如0.03mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of Al is preferably in the range of 0-0.12 mas%, such as 0.03 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述B的含量范围较佳地为0.925-0.955mas％，例如0.94mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the content of B is preferably in the range of 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料还可包括C。所述C的含量范围较佳地为0.1-0.2mas％，例如0.11mas％、0.15mas％、0.17mas％或0.12mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may also include C. The content of C is preferably 0.1-0.2mas%, such as 0.11mas%, 0.15mas%, 0.17mas% or 0.12mas%, mas% refers to the mass in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material percentage.
本发明中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料还可包括O。所述O的含量范围较佳地为0.04-0.13mas％，例如0.1mas％、0.09mas％、0.05mas％、0.08mas％或0.11mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may also include O. The content of O is preferably in the range of 0.04-0.13mas%, such as 0.1mas%, 0.09mas%, 0.05mas%, 0.08mas% or 0.11mas%, and mas% refers to the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The percentage of mass in the.
本发明中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料较佳地还包括Co。所述Co的含量范围较佳地为0.5-5mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。当0.14mas％＜Nb含量＜0.25mas％时，所述Co较佳地为2.5-5.0mas％，mas％ 是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。In the present invention, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably further includes Co. The content of Co is preferably 0.5-5 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. When 0.14mas%<Nb content<0.25mas%, the Co is preferably 2.5-5.0mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料还可包括M，所述M为Zr、Ti和Hf中的一种或多种。In the present invention, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material may further include M, and the M is one or more of Zr, Ti, and Hf.
其中，所述M的含量范围较佳地为0-0.15mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。Wherein, the content of M is preferably in the range of 0-0.15 mas% and not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
其中，当所述M包括Ti时，所述Ti的含量范围较佳地为0-0.1mas％、且不为0，例如0.05mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比。Wherein, when the M includes Ti, the content of Ti is preferably in the range of 0-0.1mas%, and not 0, such as 0.05mas%, and mas% refers to the content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage in.
本发明中，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的较佳地由以下组分组成：In the present invention, in terms of mass percentage, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material preferably consists of the following components:
Nd，29-30mas％；Dy，0-0.6mas％；Tb，1-1.4mas％；B，0.925-0.94mas％；Nb，0.1-0.2mas％；Cu，0.37-0.4mas％；Al，0-0.03mas％；C，0.11-0.12mas％；O，0.05-0.1mas％；Co，0.8-2.6mas％；Ti，0-0.1mas％；余量为Fe。Nd, 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 1-1.4mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0 -0.03mas%; C, 0.11-0.12mas%; O, 0.05-0.1mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe.
在本发明较佳实施方式中，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的组分和含量可为下述编号1-6中的任意一种(mas％)：In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition and content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material can be any one of the following numbers 1-6 (mas%):
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000005
本发明的目的之五，提供了一种钕铁硼永磁材料的基体的制备方法，所述制备方法包括下述步骤：将上述用于制备钕铁硼永磁材料的原料组合物经熔炼，即得合金片；将所述合金片制粉、成型、烧结即可。The fifth objective of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a matrix of a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. The preparation method includes the following steps: smelting the above-mentioned raw material composition for preparing the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, The alloy flakes are obtained; the alloy flakes are powdered, formed, and sintered.
本发明中，所述合金片的厚度可为0.2mm-0.4mm，例如0.3mm。In the present invention, the thickness of the alloy sheet may be 0.2mm-0.4mm, for example 0.3mm.
本发明中，较佳地，所述合金片为上述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片。In the present invention, preferably, the alloy sheet is an alloy sheet of the above-mentioned neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
本发明中，所述熔炼的操作和条件可为本领域常规的熔炼工艺，一般将所述钕铁硼永磁材料的原料组合物采用铸锭工艺和速凝片工艺进行熔炼浇 铸，得到合金片。In the present invention, the smelting operation and conditions can be conventional smelting processes in the field. Generally, the raw material composition of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is smelted and casted by an ingot process and a quick-setting sheet process to obtain alloy flakes .
本领域技术人员知晓，因熔炼和烧结工艺中通常会损耗稀土元素，为保证终产品的质量，一般会在熔炼过程中在原料组合物的配方基础中额外添加0-0.3mas％的稀土元素(一般为Nd元素)，百分比为额外添加的稀土元素的含量占所述原料组合物的总含量的质量百分比；另外这部分额外添加的稀土元素的含量不计入原料组合物的范畴。Those skilled in the art know that because rare earth elements are usually lost in the smelting and sintering process, in order to ensure the quality of the final product, an additional 0-0.3mas% rare earth element ( Generally Nd element), the percentage is the mass percentage of the content of the additional rare earth element to the total content of the raw material composition; in addition, the content of this part of the additional rare earth element is not included in the category of the raw material composition.
本发明中，所述熔炼的温度可为1300-1700℃。In the present invention, the melting temperature may be 1300-1700°C.
本发明中，所述熔炼的设备一般为高频真空熔炼炉，例如高频真空感应速凝甩带炉。In the present invention, the smelting equipment is generally a high-frequency vacuum smelting furnace, such as a high-frequency vacuum induction quick-setting ribbon spinning furnace.
本发明中，所述制粉的操作和条件可为本领域常规制粉工艺，一般包括氢破制粉和气流磨制粉。In the present invention, the operation and conditions of the pulverizing can be conventional pulverizing processes in the field, and generally include hydrogen crushing pulverizing and jet milling pulverizing.
其中，所述氢破制粉一般包括吸氢、脱氢和冷却处理。所述吸氢的温度一般为20-200℃。所述脱氢的温度一般为400-650℃。所述吸氢的压力一般为50-600kPa。Wherein, the hydrogen crushing and pulverizing generally includes hydrogen absorption, dehydrogenation and cooling treatment. The temperature of the hydrogen absorption is generally 20-200°C. The temperature of the dehydrogenation is generally 400-650°C. The pressure of the hydrogen absorption is generally 50-600 kPa.
其中，所述气流磨制粉一般在0.1-2MPa，优选0.5-0.7MPa的条件下进行气流磨制粉。所述气流磨制粉中的气流例如可为氮气和/或氩气。所述气流磨制粉的效率可根据设备不同有所差别，例如可为30-400kg/h，再例如200kg/h。Wherein, the air-jet milling powder is generally carried out under the conditions of 0.1-2 MPa, preferably 0.5-0.7 MPa. The gas stream in the gas stream milling powder can be, for example, nitrogen gas and/or argon gas. The efficiency of the air jet milling powder may vary according to different equipment, for example, it may be 30-400 kg/h, and for example 200 kg/h.
其中，所述气流磨制粉后的粉末粒径可为D50 3μm-8μm，例如D50 4μm。Wherein, the particle size of the powder after the airflow milling may be D50 3 μm-8 μm, for example, D50 4 μm.
本发明中，在所述气流磨制粉过程中，一般需要控制氧含量至100ppm以下即可。控制氧含量的手段可为本领域常规。In the present invention, in the airflow milling process, it is generally necessary to control the oxygen content to below 100 ppm. The means for controlling the oxygen content can be conventional in the field.
本发明中，所述成型的操作和条件可为本领域常规的成型工艺。例如磁场成型法。所述的磁场成型法的磁场强度一般在1.5T以上。In the present invention, the molding operation and conditions can be conventional molding processes in the field. For example, the magnetic field forming method. The magnetic field strength of the magnetic field forming method is generally above 1.5T.
本发明中，所述烧结的操作和条件可为本领域常规的烧结工艺，例如真空烧结工艺和/或惰性气氛烧结工艺。所述真空烧结工艺或所述惰性气氛烧结工艺均为本领域常规操作。当采用惰性气氛烧结工艺时，所述烧结开始阶段可在真空度低于5×10 -1Pa，例如10 -3Pa的条件下进行。所述惰性气氛可为 本领域常规的含有惰性气体的气氛，不限于氦气、氩气。 In the present invention, the sintering operation and conditions can be conventional sintering processes in the field, such as vacuum sintering process and/or inert atmosphere sintering process. The vacuum sintering process or the inert atmosphere sintering process are conventional operations in the art. When an inert atmosphere sintering process is used, the initial stage of sintering may be performed under the condition that the vacuum degree is lower than 5×10 −1 Pa, for example, 10 −3 Pa. The inert atmosphere may be a conventional atmosphere containing inert gas in the art, and is not limited to helium and argon.
本发明中，所述烧结的温度可为1000-1200℃，优选为1030-1090℃。所述烧结的时间可为0.5-10h，优选为2-8h。In the present invention, the sintering temperature may be 1000-1200°C, preferably 1030-1090°C. The sintering time may be 0.5-10h, preferably 2-8h.
本发明的目的之六，提供了一种钕铁硼永磁材料的基体，其按上述制备方法制得。The sixth object of the present invention is to provide a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material matrix, which is prepared according to the above-mentioned preparation method.
本发明的目的之七，提供了一种钕铁硼永磁材料的制备方法，所述制备方法包括下述步骤：将上述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体经晶界扩散处理即可。The seventh objective of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. The preparation method includes the following steps: subjecting the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material to a grain boundary diffusion treatment.
本发明中，所述晶界扩散处理可按本领域常规的工艺进行处理，例如通过重稀土金属涂覆操作、气相物理沉淀操作或蒸镀操作实现晶界扩散处理。In the present invention, the grain boundary diffusion treatment can be processed according to conventional processes in the field, for example, the grain boundary diffusion treatment can be realized by a heavy rare earth metal coating operation, a vapor phase physical precipitation operation, or an evaporation operation.
其中，所述重稀土金属包括Dy和/或Tb。所述重稀土金属的含量范围较佳地为0-0.6mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料质量百分比。Wherein, the heavy rare earth metal includes Dy and/or Tb. The content of the heavy rare earth metal is preferably 0-0.6 mas%, and not 0. The mas% refers to the mass percentage of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material.
其中，所述重稀土金属一般是以氟化物形式涂覆，例如氟化铽或氟化镝，引入的氟元素不计入最终磁体成分的元素范围。Wherein, the heavy rare earth metal is generally coated in the form of fluoride, such as terbium fluoride or dysprosium fluoride, and the introduced fluorine element is not included in the element range of the final magnet composition.
所述气相物理沉淀操作一般是指磁控等离子溅射，通过惰性气体轰击重稀土Dy和/或Tb靶材，产生重稀土Dy和/或Tb离子，经过磁场的控制均匀附着在基材表面。The gas phase physical precipitation operation generally refers to magnetron plasma sputtering, in which the heavy rare earth Dy and/or Tb target is bombarded by an inert gas to generate heavy rare earth Dy and/or Tb ions, which are uniformly attached to the surface of the substrate under the control of a magnetic field.
所述蒸镀法一般是指通过重稀土Dy和/或Tb在一定真空度(如0.05-5Pa)和一定温度下(如500-900℃)，产生重稀土Dy和/或Tb的蒸气，重稀土元素富集到基材表面。The vapor deposition method generally refers to the production of heavy rare earth Dy and/or Tb vapor at a certain vacuum degree (such as 0.05-5Pa) and a certain temperature (such as 500-900°C) by heavy rare earth Dy and/or Tb. The rare earth elements are enriched on the surface of the substrate.
本发明中，所述晶界扩散的温度可为800-1000℃，例如850℃。In the present invention, the temperature of the grain boundary diffusion may be 800-1000°C, such as 850°C.
本发明中，所述晶界扩散的时间可为12-90h，例如24h。In the present invention, the time for the grain boundary diffusion may be 12-90h, such as 24h.
本发明中，所述晶界扩散之后，按照本领域常规还进行热处理。In the present invention, after the grain boundary diffuses, heat treatment is also performed according to the conventional practice in the art.
本发明中，所述热处理的温度可为470℃-510℃。In the present invention, the temperature of the heat treatment may be 470°C-510°C.
本发明中，所述热处理的时间可为2-4小时，例如3小时。In the present invention, the heat treatment time may be 2-4 hours, for example, 3 hours.
本发明中，由于原料的纯度和制备工艺的影响引入的C和O杂质不计入原料组合物和合金片产品的范围内。在制备工艺中一般会添加润滑剂等， 引入的碳杂质含量为本领域常规，一般为0.1-0.2mas％。引入的氧杂质含量为本领域常规，一般为1300ppm以下。In the present invention, the C and O impurities introduced due to the influence of the purity of the raw material and the preparation process are not included in the raw material composition and the alloy flake product range. Lubricants are generally added in the preparation process, and the content of carbon impurities introduced is conventional in the art, generally 0.1-0.2 mas%. The content of oxygen impurities introduced is conventional in the art, and is generally below 1300 ppm.
本发明的目的之八，提供了一种钕铁硼永磁材料，其按照上述的制备方法制得。The eighth object of the present invention is to provide a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, which is prepared according to the above-mentioned preparation method.
在符合本领域常识的基础上，上述各优选条件，可任意组合，即得本发明各较佳实例。On the basis of conforming to common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain preferred embodiments of the present invention.
本发明所用试剂和原料均市售可得。The reagents and raw materials used in the present invention are all commercially available.
本发明的积极进步效果在于：The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:
1)本发明的钕铁硼永磁材料方形度较好，均为99％以上；1) The squareness of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material of the present invention is better, all of which are more than 99%;
2)本发明的钕铁硼永磁材料温度性能好，20-150℃Hcj温度系数|β|均在0.404％-0.414％；2) The neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material of the present invention has good temperature performance, and the temperature coefficient of Hcj at 20-150°C | β| is 0.404%-0.414%;
3)本发明的钕铁硼永磁材料热处理温区宽，为470-510℃；3) The heat treatment temperature range of the NdFeB permanent magnet material of the present invention is wide, which is 470-510°C;
4)本发明的钕铁硼永磁材料Br≥14kGs，矫顽力≥25kOe，其中，“Br”是指剩余磁通密度。“Hcj”是指矫顽力。4) The neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material of the present invention Br≥14kGs, and the coercivity≥25kOe, where "Br" refers to the residual magnetic flux density. "Hcj" means coercivity.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为实施例2的合金片的微观结构图。FIG. 1 is a microstructure diagram of the alloy sheet of Example 2.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法，按照常规方法和条件，或按照商品说明书选择。The present invention will be further explained in the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the described examples. The experimental methods without specific conditions in the following examples are selected in accordance with conventional methods and conditions, or in accordance with the product specification.
实施例1-6以及对比例1-5Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5
表1 用于制备钕铁硼永磁材料的原料组合物(mas％)Table 1 Raw material composition (mas%) used to prepare neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000007
“/”表示不含有该元素。"/" means that the element is not contained.
钕铁硼永磁材料的制备方法如下：The preparation method of NdFeB permanent magnet material is as follows:
本发明的实施例和对比例中，引入的碳杂质和氧杂质含量为本领域常规。In the examples and comparative examples of the present invention, the contents of carbon impurities and oxygen impurities introduced are conventional in the art.
(1)熔炼和铸造过程：按照表1中的配方，将配制好的表1原料放入氧化铝的坩埚中，在高频真空熔炼炉中以0.05Pa的真空和1500℃的条件进行真空熔炼。在高频真空感应速凝甩带炉中通入氩气，进行铸造，再急冷合金，得合金片。(1) Melting and casting process: According to the formula in Table 1, put the prepared raw materials in Table 1 into an alumina crucible, and conduct vacuum smelting in a high-frequency vacuum melting furnace with a vacuum of 0.05 Pa and a condition of 1500°C . Argon gas is introduced into the high-frequency vacuum induction rapid-solidifying belt spinning furnace, and the alloy is then quenched to obtain alloy flakes.
(2)氢破制粉过程：在室温下将放置急冷合金的氢破用炉抽真空，而后向氢破用炉内通入纯度为99.9％的氢气，维持氢气的压力90kPa，充分吸氢后，边抽真空边升温，充分脱氢，之后进行冷却，取出氢破粉碎后的粉末，粒径为D50 400μm。其中，吸氢的温度为室温，脱氢的温度为550℃。(2) Hydrogen crushing process: vacuum the hydrogen crushing furnace containing the quench alloy at room temperature, and then pass hydrogen with a purity of 99.9% into the hydrogen crushing furnace, maintain the hydrogen pressure at 90kPa, and fully absorb hydrogen , The temperature is raised while vacuuming, and the hydrogen is fully dehydrogenated, and then cooled, the powder after hydrogen crushing is taken out, and the particle size is D50 400μm. Among them, the temperature for hydrogen absorption is room temperature, and the temperature for dehydrogenation is 550°C.
(3)气流磨制粉过程：在氮气气氛下(需要控制氧含量在100ppm以下，当氧含量为100ppm以下时，氧含量一般不会对所制备的材料有影响)，在粉碎室压力为0.65MPa的条件下对氢破粉碎后的粉末进行气流磨粉碎(气流磨制粉的效率可根据设备不同有所差别，例如可为200kg/h)，得到细粉，粒径为D50 4μm。(3) Airflow milling process: in a nitrogen atmosphere (the oxygen content needs to be controlled below 100ppm, when the oxygen content is below 100ppm, the oxygen content generally does not affect the prepared material), the pressure in the crushing chamber is 0.65 Under the condition of MPa, the powder after hydrogen pulverization is pulverized by jet mill (the efficiency of jet mill powder may vary depending on the equipment, for example, it can be 200kg/h) to obtain fine powder with a particle size of D50 4μm.
(4)成型过程：将经气流磨之后的粉末在1.5T以上的磁场强度中压制成型。(4) Molding process: The powder after jet milling is pressed into a shape in a magnetic field strength above 1.5T.
(5)烧结过程：将各成型体搬至烧结炉中进行烧结，烧结在10 -3Pa的真空下，以1030-1090℃烧结2-8h，得钕铁硼永磁材料的基体。 (5) Sintering process: each molded body is moved to a sintering furnace for sintering, sintered under a vacuum of 10 -3 Pa, and sintered at 1030-1090°C for 2-8 hours to obtain a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material matrix.
(6)晶界扩散过程：钕铁硼永磁材料的基体表面净化后，分别使用Dy或Tb氟化物配制成的原料(引入的氟元素不计入最终的磁体成分)，全面喷 雾涂覆在磁铁上，将涂覆后的磁铁干燥，然后在高纯度Ar气氛中，以850℃的温度扩散热处理24小时。冷却至室温。再以470-510℃的温度进行热处理3h，即得钕铁硼永磁材料，钕铁硼永磁材料的组分含量如下表2所示。(6) Grain boundary diffusion process: After the surface of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is purified, the raw materials prepared by Dy or Tb fluoride are used respectively (the introduced fluorine element is not included in the final magnet composition), and the entire surface is spray-coated on On the magnet, the coated magnet is dried, and then diffusion heat-treated at a temperature of 850°C for 24 hours in a high-purity Ar atmosphere. Cool to room temperature. Then heat treatment at a temperature of 470-510°C for 3 hours to obtain a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. The component content of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is shown in Table 2 below.
效果实施例Example of effects
分别取实施例1-6以及对比例1-5中钕铁硼永磁材料，测定其磁性能、成分和温度系数。Take the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5, and measure their magnetic properties, composition and temperature coefficient.
(1)钕铁硼永磁材料的各成分使用高频电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES，Icap6300)进行测定。下表2所示为成分检测结果。(1) The components of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material are measured using a high-frequency inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-OES, Icap6300). Table 2 below shows the component test results.
表2 钕铁硼永磁材料(mas％)Table 2 NdFeB permanent magnet materials (mas%)
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000008
“/”表示不含有该元素。"/" means that the element is not contained.
(2)磁性能评价：烧结磁铁中国计量院的NIM-10000H型BH大块稀土永磁无损测量系统进行磁性能检测。下表3所示为磁性能的检测结果和温度系数绝对值计算结果。(2) Magnetic performance evaluation: sintered magnet NIM-10000H type BH bulk rare earth permanent magnet non-destructive measurement system of China Metrology Institute for magnetic performance testing. Table 3 below shows the test results of the magnetic properties and the calculation results of the absolute value of the temperature coefficient.
(3)温度稳定性能的测试：温度稳定性一般用各项磁性能的温度变化系数来表示，是指温度每变化1℃，磁性能变化的百分数，表征永磁材料的磁性能在外部温度场下保持不变的能力，其绝对值越小越好；温度系数绝对值的计算公式为：(3) Temperature stability test: temperature stability is generally expressed by the temperature variation coefficient of various magnetic properties, which refers to the percentage of the change in magnetic properties for every 1℃ change in temperature, which characterizes the magnetic properties of permanent magnet materials in the external temperature field. The absolute value of the ability to keep the same under constant, the smaller the better; the calculation formula for the absolute value of the temperature coefficient is:
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000009
计算结果如表3所示。
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000009
The calculation results are shown in Table 3.
表3table 3
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2021095070-appb-000010
“Br”是指剩余磁通密度。“Hcj”是指矫顽力。"Br" refers to residual magnetic flux density. "Hcj" means coercivity.
(4)合金片的微观结构检测：取实施例2的合金片采用克尔偏光显微镜观察，测试方式为：将合金片断面镶嵌、抛光，然后放在克尔偏光显微镜下放大200倍进行拍摄，拍摄时贴辊面与视场下边平行。测量时，在视场中心位置画一条长度为445μm的直线，数出通过直线的一次晶个数，如图1所示，计算一次结晶平均粒径，计算结果为平均粒径15.3μm。(4) Microstructure inspection of the alloy sheet: Take the alloy sheet of Example 2 and observe it with a Kerr polarized light microscope. The test method is: inlay and polish the section of the alloy sheet, and then place it under a Kerr polarized light microscope to magnify 200 times for shooting. When shooting, the roller surface is parallel to the lower edge of the field of view. When measuring, draw a straight line with a length of 445 μm at the center of the field of view, and count the number of primary crystals passing through the straight line. As shown in Figure 1, the average particle size of the primary crystals is calculated, and the result is an average particle size of 15.3 μm.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于制备钕铁硼永磁材料的原料组合物，其特征在于，以质量百分比计，其包括以下组分：A raw material composition for preparing neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials, which is characterized in that, in terms of mass percentage, it comprises the following components:
    R，30.2-31.7mas％，所述R为稀土元素；R, 30.2-31.7mas%, the R is a rare earth element;
    Nb，＜0.25mas％且不为0；Nb, <0.25mas% and not 0;
    Cu，0.35-0.5mas％；Cu, 0.35-0.5mas%;
    Al，0-0.2mas％；Al, 0-0.2mas%;
    B，0.92-0.96mas％；B, 0.92-0.96mas%;
    Fe，60-70mas％；各组分之和为100mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；Fe, 60-70mas%; the sum of each component is 100mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition;
    较佳地，所述R包括重稀土金属RH，更佳地，所述RH包括Dy和/或Tb。Preferably, the R includes heavy rare earth metal RH, and more preferably, the RH includes Dy and/or Tb.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的原料组合物，其特征在于，所述R的含量范围为30.2-30.9mas％，例如30.3mas％、30.8mas％或30.7mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；The raw material composition of claim 1, wherein the content of R is in the range of 30.2-30.9 mas%, such as 30.3 mas%, 30.8 mas% or 30.7 mas%, and mas% refers to the combination of raw materials The mass percentage in the material;
    和/或，所述RH还包括Ho和/或Gd；或者，所述RH为Dy和/或Tb；And/or, the RH further includes Ho and/or Gd; or, the RH is Dy and/or Tb;
    和/或，所述RH的含量范围为0-1.2mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；And/or, the content of the RH ranges from 0 to 1.2 mas% and is not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition;
    和/或，当所述RH包括Dy时，所述Dy的含量范围为0-0.6mas％、且不为0，例如0.1mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；And/or, when the RH includes Dy, the content of Dy ranges from 0-0.6 mas% and is not 0, such as 0.1 mas%, where mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition;
    和/或，当所述RH包括Tb时，所述Tb的含量范围为0.4-1.2mas％，例如0.9mas％、0.7mas％、0.6mas％、0.8mas％或1.1mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；And/or, when the RH includes Tb, the content of Tb is in the range of 0.4-1.2 mas%, such as 0.9 mas%, 0.7 mas%, 0.6 mas%, 0.8 mas% or 1.1 mas%, and mas% refers to The mass percentage in the raw material composition;
    和/或，所述Nb的含量范围为0.1-0.24mas％，例如0.14mas％或0.2mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；And/or, the Nb content ranges from 0.1-0.24 mas%, such as 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition;
    和/或，所述Cu的含量范围为0.35-0.4mas％，例如0.37mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；And/or, the Cu content ranges from 0.35 to 0.4 mas%, such as 0.37 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition;
    和/或，所述Al的含量范围为0-0.12mas％，例如0.03mas％，mas％是指 在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；And/or, the Al content ranges from 0-0.12 mas%, for example 0.03 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition;
    和/或，所述B的含量范围为0.925-0.955mas％，例如0.94mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；And/or, the content of B is in the range of 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition;
    和/或，所述原料组合物还包括Co；所述Co的含量范围较佳地为0.5-5mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；当0.14mas％＜Nb含量＜0.25mas％时，所述Co较佳地为2.5-5.0mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；And/or, the raw material composition further includes Co; the content of Co is preferably in the range of 0.5-5mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition; when 0.14mas%<Nb content When <0.25 mas%, the Co is preferably 2.5-5.0 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition;
    和/或，所述原料组合物还包括M，所述M较佳地为Zr、Ti和Hf中的一种或多种；较佳地，所述M的含量范围为0-0.15mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；当所述M包括Ti时，所述Ti的含量范围较佳地为0-0.1mas％、且不为0，例如0.05mas％，mas％是指在所述原料组合物中的质量百分比；And/or, the raw material composition further includes M, and the M is preferably one or more of Zr, Ti and Hf; preferably, the content of M is in the range of 0-0.15mas%, And not 0, mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition; when the M includes Ti, the content of Ti is preferably in the range of 0-0.1 mas% and not 0, for example 0.05 mas%, mas% refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition;
    较佳地，以质量百分比计，所述原料组合物由以下组分组成：Preferably, in terms of mass percentage, the raw material composition consists of the following components:
    Nd，29-30mas％；Dy，0-0.6mas％；Tb，0.4-1mas％；B，0.925-0.94mas％；Nb，0.1-0.2mas％；Cu，0.37-0.4mas％；Al，0-0.03mas％；Co，0.8-2.6mas％；Ti，0-0.1mas％；余量为Fe；Nd, 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4-1mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0- 0.03mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe;
    更佳地，以质量百分比计，所述原料组合物由以下组分组成：Nd，29.2mas％；Dy，0.6mas％；Tb，0.4mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；Co，0.8mas％；余量为Fe；More preferably, in terms of mass percentage, the raw material composition consists of the following components: Nd, 29.2mas%; Dy, 0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas%; Cu, 0.4mas%; Co, 0.8mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述原料组合物由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，0.9mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.1mas％；Cu，0.37mas％；Co，0.8mas％；余量为Fe；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the raw material composition consists of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 0.9mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1mas%; Cu, 0.37mas%; Co, 0.8 mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述原料组合物由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，0.7mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；Al，0.03mas％；Co，2.6mas％；Ti，0.1mas％；余量为Fe；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the raw material composition consists of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 0.7mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas%; Cu, 0.4mas%; Al, 0.03 mas%; Co, 2.6mas%; Ti, 0.1mas%; the balance is Fe;
    较佳地，以质量百分比计，所述原料组合物由以下组分组成：Nd，23.76mas％；Pr，5.94mas％；Tb，0.6mas％；B，0.925mas％；Nb，0.24mas％； Cu，0.5mas％；Al，0.12mas％；Co，3mas％；Ti，0.05mas％；余量为Fe；Preferably, in terms of mass percentage, the raw material composition consists of the following components: Nd, 23.76mas%; Pr, 5.94mas%; Tb, 0.6mas%; B, 0.925mas%; Nb, 0.24mas%; Cu, 0.5mas%; Al, 0.12mas%; Co, 3mas%; Ti, 0.05mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述原料组合物由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，0.8mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；Co，3.5mas％；Ti，0.1mas％；余量为Fe；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the raw material composition consists of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 0.8mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas%; Cu, 0.4mas%; Co, 3.5 mas%; Ti, 0.1mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述原料组合物由以下组分组成：Nd，29mas％；Dy，0.1mas％；Tb，1.1mas％；B，0.955mas％；Nb，0.14mas％；Cu，0.35mas％；Co，0.5mas％；余量为Fe。Or, in terms of mass percentage, the raw material composition consists of the following components: Nd, 29mas%; Dy, 0.1mas%; Tb, 1.1mas%; B, 0.955mas%; Nb, 0.14mas%; Cu, 0.35 mas%; Co, 0.5mas%; the balance is Fe.
  3. 一种钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片，其特征在于，以质量百分比计，其包括以下组分：An alloy sheet of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, characterized in that, in terms of mass percentage, it comprises the following components:
    R，30.2-31.7mas％，所述R为稀土元素；R, 30.2-31.7mas%, the R is a rare earth element;
    Nb，＜0.25mas％且不为0；Nb, <0.25mas% and not 0;
    Cu，0.35-0.5mas％；Cu, 0.35-0.5mas%;
    Al，0-0.2mas％；Al, 0-0.2mas%;
    B，0.92-0.96mas％，B, 0.92-0.96mas%,
    Fe，60-70mas％；各组分之和为100mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；Fe, 60-70mas%; the sum of each component is 100mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述R的含量范围为30.2-30.9mas％，例如30.3mas％、30.8mas％或30.7mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；Preferably, the content of R is in the range of 30.2-30.9 mas%, such as 30.3 mas%, 30.8 mas% or 30.7 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material ；
    较佳地，所述R包括重稀土金属RH；Preferably, said R includes heavy rare earth metal RH;
    较佳地，所述RH包括Dy和/或Tb或者，所述RH还包括Ho和/或Gd；更佳地，所述RH为Dy和/或Tb；Preferably, the RH includes Dy and/or Tb or, the RH also includes Ho and/or Gd; more preferably, the RH is Dy and/or Tb;
    较佳地，所述RH的含量范围为0-1.2mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；Preferably, the content of the RH ranges from 0 to 1.2 mas% and is not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    当所述RH包括Dy时，所述Dy的含量范围较佳地为0-0.6mas％、且不为0，例如0.1mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；When the RH includes Dy, the content of Dy is preferably in the range of 0-0.6 mas% and not 0, such as 0.1 mas%. mas% refers to the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material Mass percentage in
    当所述RH包括Tb时，所述Tb的含量范围较佳地为0.4-1.2mas％，例 如0.9mas％、0.7mas％、0.6mas％、0.8mas％或1.1mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；When the RH includes Tb, the content of Tb is preferably in the range of 0.4-1.2mas%, such as 0.9mas%, 0.7mas%, 0.6mas%, 0.8mas% or 1.1mas%, and mas% refers to The mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述Nb的含量范围为0.1-0.24mas％，例如0.14mas％或0.2mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；Preferably, the Nb content ranges from 0.1-0.24 mas%, such as 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述Cu的含量范围为0.35-0.4mas％，例如0.37mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；Preferably, the content of Cu is in the range of 0.35-0.4mas%, such as 0.37mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述Al的含量范围为0-0.12mas％，例如0.03mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；Preferably, the Al content ranges from 0-0.12mas%, such as 0.03mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述B的含量范围为0.925-0.955mas％，例如0.94mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；Preferably, the content of B is in the range of 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片还包括Co；更佳地，所述Co的含量范围为0.5-5mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；当0.14mas％＜Nb含量＜0.25mas％时，所述Co较佳地为2.5-5.0mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；Preferably, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material further includes Co; more preferably, the content of the Co is in the range of 0.5-5 mas%, and mas% refers to the alloy of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material The mass percentage in the sheet; when 0.14mas%<Nb content<0.25mas%, the Co is preferably 2.5-5.0mas%, and mas% refers to the alloy sheet in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material Mass percentage
    较佳地，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片还包括M；更佳地，所述M为Zr、Ti和Hf中的一种或多种；Preferably, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material further includes M; more preferably, the M is one or more of Zr, Ti and Hf;
    较佳地，所述M的含量范围为0-0.15mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；Preferably, the content of M ranges from 0 to 0.15 mas% and is not 0. mas% refers to the mass percentage in the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，当所述M包括Ti时，所述Ti的含量范围为0-0.1mas％、且不为0，例如0.05mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片中的质量百分比；Preferably, when the M includes Ti, the content of Ti ranges from 0-0.1mas% and is not 0, such as 0.05mas%. mas% refers to the alloy of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. The mass percentage in the film;
    较佳地，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片按照以下制备方法制得：将如权利要求1或2所述的原料组合物经熔炼即可；Preferably, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is prepared according to the following preparation method: the raw material composition according to claim 1 or 2 is smelted;
    更佳地，所述合金片的厚度为0.2mm-0.4mm，例如0.3mm；More preferably, the thickness of the alloy sheet is 0.2mm-0.4mm, for example 0.3mm;
    更佳地，所述熔炼的温度为1300-1700℃；More preferably, the melting temperature is 1300-1700°C;
    较佳地，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片由以下组分组成：Preferably, in terms of mass percentage, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is composed of the following components:
    Nd，29-30mas％；Dy，0-0.6mas％；Tb，0.4-1mas％；B，0.925-0.94mas％；Nb，0.1-0.2mas％；Cu，0.37-0.4mas％；Al，0-0.03mas％；Co，0.8-2.6mas％；Ti，0-0.1mas％；余量为Fe；Nd, 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4-1mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0- 0.03mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe;
    更佳地，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片由以下组分组成：Nd，29.2mas％；Dy，0.6mas％；Tb，0.4mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；Co，0.8mas％；余量为Fe；More preferably, in terms of mass percentage, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is composed of the following components: Nd, 29.2mas%; Dy, 0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas%; Cu, 0.4mas%; Co, 0.8mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，0.9mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.1mas％；Cu，0.37mas％；Co，0.8mas％；余量为Fe；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is composed of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 0.9mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1mas%; Cu, 0.37 mas%; Co, 0.8mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，0.7mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；Al，0.03mas％；Co，2.6mas％；Ti，0.1mas％；余量为Fe；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is composed of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 0.7mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas%; Cu, 0.4 mas%; Al, 0.03mas%; Co, 2.6mas%; Ti, 0.1mas%; the balance is Fe;
    较佳地，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片由以下组分组成：Nd，23.76mas％；Pr，5.94mas％；Tb，0.6mas％；B，0.925mas％；Nb，0.24mas％；Cu，0.5mas％；Al，0.12mas％；Co，3mas％；Ti，0.05mas％；余量为Fe；Preferably, in terms of mass percentage, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is composed of the following components: Nd, 23.76mas%; Pr, 5.94mas%; Tb, 0.6mas%; B, 0.925mas%; Nb, 0.24mas%; Cu, 0.5mas%; Al, 0.12mas%; Co, 3mas%; Ti, 0.05mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，0.8mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；Co，3.5mas％；Ti，0.1mas％；余量为Fe；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material consists of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 0.8mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas%; Cu, 0.4 mas%; Co, 3.5mas%; Ti, 0.1mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片由以下组分组成：Nd，29mas％；Dy，0.1mas％；Tb，1.1mas％；B，0.955mas％；Nb，0.14mas％；Cu，0.35mas％；Co，0.5mas％；余量为Fe。Or, in terms of mass percentage, the alloy sheet of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material consists of the following components: Nd, 29mas%; Dy, 0.1mas%; Tb, 1.1mas%; B, 0.955mas%; Nb, 0.14 mas%; Cu, 0.35mas%; Co, 0.5mas%; the balance is Fe.
  4. 一种钕铁硼永磁材料的基体，其特征在于，以质量百分比计，其包括以下组分：A matrix of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, characterized in that, in terms of mass percentage, it comprises the following components:
    R，30-31.5mas％，所述R为稀土元素；R, 30-31.5mas%, the R is a rare earth element;
    Nb，＜0.25mas％且不为0；Nb, <0.25mas% and not 0;
    Cu，0.35-0.5mas％；Cu, 0.35-0.5mas%;
    Al，0-0.2mas％；Al, 0-0.2mas%;
    B，0.92-0.96mas％；B, 0.92-0.96mas%;
    Fe，60-70mas％；各组分之和为100mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Fe, 60-70mas%; the sum of each component is 100mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述R的含量范围为30.2-30.9mas％，例如30.3mas％、30.8mas％或30.7mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Preferably, the content of R ranges from 30.2-30.9 mas%, such as 30.3 mas%, 30.8 mas% or 30.7 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述R包括重稀土金属RH；更佳地，所述RH包括Dy和/或Tb；更佳地，所述RH还包括Ho和/或Gd或者，所述RH为Dy和/或Tb；Preferably, the R includes heavy rare earth metal RH; more preferably, the RH includes Dy and/or Tb; more preferably, the RH also includes Ho and/or Gd or, the RH is Dy and/or Or Tb;
    较佳地，所述RH的含量范围为0-1.2mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Preferably, the content of the RH ranges from 0-1.2 mas% and is not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    当所述RH包括Dy时，所述Dy的含量范围较佳地为0-0.6mas％、且不为0，例如0.1mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；When the RH includes Dy, the content of Dy is preferably in the range of 0-0.6 mas% and not 0, such as 0.1 mas%. mas% means in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material % Of mass;
    当所述RH包括Tb时，所述Tb的含量范围较佳地为0.4-1.2mas％，例如0.9mas％、0.7mas％、0.6mas％、0.8mas％或1.1mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；When the RH includes Tb, the content of Tb is preferably in the range of 0.4-1.2mas%, such as 0.9mas%, 0.7mas%, 0.6mas%, 0.8mas% or 1.1mas%, and mas% refers to The mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述Nb的含量范围为0.1-0.24mas％，例如0.14mas％或0.2mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Preferably, the Nb content ranges from 0.1-0.24 mas%, such as 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述Cu的含量范围为0.35-0.4mas％，例如0.37mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Preferably, the content of Cu is in the range of 0.35-0.4mas%, such as 0.37mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述Al的含量范围为0-0.12mas％，例如0.03mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Preferably, the content of Al is in the range of 0-0.12mas%, such as 0.03mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述B的含量范围为0.925-0.955mas％，例如0.94mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Preferably, the content of B is in the range of 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体还包括C；更佳地，所述C的含量范围为0.1-0.2mas％，例如0.11mas％、0.15mas％、0.17mas％或0.12mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Preferably, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material further includes C; more preferably, the content of C is in the range of 0.1-0.2 mas%, for example, 0.11 mas%, 0.15 mas%, 0.17 mas% or 0.12 mas. %, mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体还包括O；更佳地，所述O的含量范围为0.04-0.13mas％，例如0.1mas％、0.09mas％、0.05mas％、0.08mas％或0.11mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Preferably, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material further includes O; more preferably, the content of O is in the range of 0.04-0.13mas%, such as 0.1mas%, 0.09mas%, 0.05mas%, 0.08mas % Or 0.11mas%, mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体还包括Co；更佳地，所述Co的含量范围为0.5-5mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；当0.14mas％＜Nb含量＜0.25mas％时，所述Co较佳地为2.5-5.0mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Preferably, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material further includes Co; more preferably, the content of the Co is in the range of 0.5-5 mas%, and mas% refers to the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material When 0.14mas%<Nb content<0.25mas%, the Co is preferably 2.5-5.0mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体还包括M；更佳地，所述M为Zr、Ti和Hf中的一种或多种；Preferably, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material further includes M; more preferably, the M is one or more of Zr, Ti and Hf;
    较佳地，所述M的含量范围为0-0.15mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Preferably, the content of M ranges from 0 to 0.15 mas% and is not 0. mas% refers to the mass percentage in the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，当所述M包括Ti时，所述Ti的含量范围为0-0.1mas％、且不为0，例如0.05mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体中的质量百分比；Preferably, when the M includes Ti, the content of Ti ranges from 0-0.1mas% and is not 0, such as 0.05mas%. mas% refers to the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material. Mass percentage in
    较佳地，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体由以下组分组成：Nd，29-30mas％；Dy，0-0.6mas％；Tb，0.4-1mas％；B，0.925-0.94mas％；Nb，0.1-0.2mas％；Cu，0.37-0.4mas％；Al，0-0.03mas％；C，0.11-0.12mas％；O，0.05-0.1mas％；Co，0.8-2.6mas％；Ti，0-0.1mas％；余量为Fe；Preferably, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is composed of the following components: Nd, 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4-1mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0-0.03mas%; C, 0.11-0.12mas%; O, 0.05-0.1mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe;
    更佳地，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体由以下组分组成：Nd，29mas％；Dy，0.6mas％；Tb，0.4mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；C，0.11mas％；O，0.1mas％；Co，0.8mas％；余量为Fe；More preferably, in terms of mass percentage, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is composed of the following components: Nd, 29mas%; Dy, 0.6mas%; Tb, 0.4mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas%; Cu, 0.4mas%; C, 0.11mas%; O, 0.1mas%; Co, 0.8mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，0.9mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.1mas％；Cu，0.37mas％；C，0.15mas％；O，0.09mas％；Co，0.8mas％；余量为Fe；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is composed of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 0.9mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1mas%; Cu, 0.37mas %; C, 0.15mas%; O, 0.09mas%; Co, 0.8mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，0.7mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；Al，0.03mas％；C，0.17mas％；O，0.05mas％；Co，2.6mas％；Ti，0.1mas％； 余量为Fe；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is composed of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 0.7mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas%; Cu, 0.4mas %; Al, 0.03mas%; C, 0.17mas%; O, 0.05mas%; Co, 2.6mas%; Ti, 0.1mas%; the balance is Fe;
    较佳地，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体由以下组分组成：Nd，23.76mas％；Pr，5.94mas％；Tb，0.6mas％；B，0.925mas％；Nb，0.24mas％；Cu，0.5mas％；Al，0.12mas％；C，0.12mas％；O，0.08mas％；Co，3mas％；Ti，0.05mas％；余量为Fe；Preferably, in terms of mass percentage, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is composed of the following components: Nd, 23.76mas%; Pr, 5.94mas%; Tb, 0.6mas%; B, 0.925mas%; Nb , 0.24mas%; Cu, 0.5mas%; Al, 0.12mas%; C, 0.12mas%; O, 0.08mas%; Co, 3mas%; Ti, 0.05mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，0.8mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；C，0.17mas％；O，0.05mas％；Co，3.5mas％；Ti，0.1mas％；余量为Fe；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material is composed of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 0.8mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas%; Cu, 0.4mas %; C, 0.17mas%; O, 0.05mas%; Co, 3.5mas%; Ti, 0.1mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料的基体由以下组分组成：Nd，29mas％；Dy，0.1mas％；Tb，1.1mas％；B，0.955mas％；Nb，0.14mas％；Cu，0.35mas％；O，0.11mas％；Co，0.5mas％；余量为Fe。Or, in terms of mass percentage, the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material consists of the following components: Nd, 29mas%; Dy, 0.1mas%; Tb, 1.1mas%; B, 0.955mas%; Nb, 0.14mas %; Cu, 0.35mas%; O, 0.11mas%; Co, 0.5mas%; the balance is Fe.
  5. 一种钕铁硼永磁材料，其特征在于，以质量百分比计，其包括以下组分：A neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, characterized in that, in terms of mass percentage, it comprises the following components:
    R，30.5-32mas％，所述R为稀土元素、且所述R包括重稀土金属RH；R, 30.5-32mas%, the R is a rare earth element, and the R includes a heavy rare earth metal RH;
    Nb，＜0.25mas％且不为0；Nb, <0.25mas% and not 0;
    Cu，0.35-0.5mas％；Cu, 0.35-0.5mas%;
    Al，0-0.2mas％；Al, 0-0.2mas%;
    B，0.92-0.96mas％；B, 0.92-0.96mas%;
    Fe，60-70mas％；各组分之和为100mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比；Fe, 60-70mas%; the sum of each component is 100mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述RH包括Dy和/或Tb。Preferably, the RH includes Dy and/or Tb.
  6. 如权利要求5所述的钕铁硼永磁材料，其特征在于，所述R的含量范围为30.6-31.4mas％，例如31.3mas％、30.8mas％或30.7mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比；The neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material of claim 5, wherein the content of R is in the range of 30.6-31.4 mas%, such as 31.3 mas%, 30.8 mas% or 30.7 mas%, and mas% refers to the The mass percentage of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    和/或，所述RH还包括Ho和/或Gd或者，所述RH为Dy和/或Tb；And/or, the RH further includes Ho and/or Gd or, the RH is Dy and/or Tb;
    和/或，所述RH的含量范围为0.6-1.8mas％，例如1.6mas％、1.4mas％、1.3mas％、1.1mas％或1.7mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的 质量百分比；And/or, the RH content ranges from 0.6-1.8mas%, such as 1.6mas%, 1.4mas%, 1.3mas%, 1.1mas%, or 1.7mas%, and mas% refers to the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet The mass percentage of the material;
    和/或，当所述RH包括Dy时，所述Dy的含量范围为0-0.6mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料中的质量百分比；And/or, when the RH includes Dy, the content of the Dy ranges from 0 to 0.6 mas% and is not 0, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    和/或，当所述RH包括Tb时，所述Tb的含量范围为1-1.5mas％，例如1.4mas％、1.3mas％或1.1mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料的中的质量百分比；And/or, when the RH includes Tb, the content of Tb is in the range of 1-1.5mas%, such as 1.4mas%, 1.3mas%, or 1.1mas%, and mas% refers to the NdFeB permanent magnet The mass percentage of the material;
    和/或，所述Nb的含量范围为0.1-0.24mas％，例如0.14mas％或0.2mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料中的质量百分比；And/or, the Nb content ranges from 0.1-0.24 mas%, such as 0.14 mas% or 0.2 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    和/或，所述Cu的含量范围为0.35-0.4mas％，例如0.37mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料中的质量百分比；And/or, the Cu content ranges from 0.35 to 0.4 mas%, for example 0.37 mas%, where mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    和/或，所述Al的含量范围为0-0.12mas％，例如0.03mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料中的质量百分比；And/or, the Al content ranges from 0-0.12mas%, such as 0.03mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    和/或，所述B的含量范围为0.925-0.955mas％，例如0.94mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料中的质量百分比And/or, the content of B is in the range of 0.925-0.955 mas%, such as 0.94 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material
    和/或，所述钕铁硼永磁材料还包括C；所述C的含量范围较佳地为0.1-0.2mas％，例如0.11mas％、0.15mas％、0.17mas％或0.12mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料中的质量百分比；And/or, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material further includes C; the content of C is preferably in the range of 0.1-0.2 mas%, such as 0.11 mas%, 0.15 mas%, 0.17 mas% or 0.12 mas%, mas % Refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    和/或，所述钕铁硼永磁材料还包括O；所述O的含量范围较佳地为0.04-0.13mas％，例如0.1mas％、0.09mas％、0.05mas％、0.08mas％或0.11mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料中的质量百分比；And/or, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material further includes O; the content of O is preferably in the range of 0.04-0.13mas%, such as 0.1mas%, 0.09mas%, 0.05mas%, 0.08mas% or 0.11 mas%, mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    和/或，所述钕铁硼永磁材料还包括Co；所述Co的含量范围较佳地为0.5-5mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料中的质量百分比；当0.14mas％＜Nb含量＜0.25mas％时，所述Co较佳地为2.5-5.0mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料中的质量百分比；And/or, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material further includes Co; the content of the Co is preferably in the range of 0.5-5 mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material; When 0.14mas%<Nb content<0.25mas%, the Co is preferably 2.5-5.0mas%, and mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    和/或，所述钕铁硼永磁材料还包括M，所述M较佳地为Zr、Ti和Hf中的一种或多种；较佳地，所述M的含量范围为0-0.15mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料中的质量百分比；当所述M包括Ti时，所 述Ti的含量范围较佳地为0-0.1mas％、且不为0，例如0.05mas％，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料中的质量百分比；And/or, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material further includes M, and the M is preferably one or more of Zr, Ti and Hf; preferably, the content of M is in the range of 0-0.15 mas% is not 0, mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material; when the M includes Ti, the content of Ti is preferably in the range of 0-0.1 mas%, And is not 0, such as 0.05 mas%, mas% refers to the mass percentage in the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料由以下组分组成：Preferably, in terms of mass percentage, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material consists of the following components:
    Nd，29-30mas％；Dy，0-0.6mas％；Tb，1-1.4mas％；B，0.925-0.94mas％；Nb，0.1-0.2mas％；Cu，0.37-0.4mas％；Al，0-0.03mas％；C，0.11-0.12mas％；O，0.05-0.1mas％；Co，0.8-2.6mas％；Ti，0-0.1mas％；余量为Fe；Nd, 29-30mas%; Dy, 0-0.6mas%; Tb, 1-1.4mas%; B, 0.925-0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1-0.2mas%; Cu, 0.37-0.4mas%; Al, 0 -0.03mas%; C, 0.11-0.12mas%; O, 0.05-0.1mas%; Co, 0.8-2.6mas%; Ti, 0-0.1mas%; the balance is Fe;
    更佳地，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料由以下组分组成：Nd，29mas％；Dy，0.6mas％；Tb，1mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；C，0.11mas％；O，0.1mas％；Co，0.8mas％；Fe，66.85mas％；More preferably, in terms of mass percentage, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material consists of the following components: Nd, 29mas%; Dy, 0.6mas%; Tb, 1mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas% ; Cu, 0.4mas%; C, 0.11mas%; O, 0.1mas%; Co, 0.8mas%; Fe, 66.85mas%;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，1.4mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.1mas％；Cu，0.37mas％；C，0.15mas％；O，0.09mas％；Co，0.8mas％；Fe，66.15mas％；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material consists of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 1.4mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.1mas%; Cu, 0.37mas%; C, 0.15mas%; O, 0.09mas%; Co, 0.8mas%; Fe, 66.15mas%;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，1.3mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；Al，0.03mas％；C，0.17mas％；O，0.05mas％；Co，2.6mas％；Ti，0.1mas％；Fe，64.21mas％；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material consists of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 1.3mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas%; Cu, 0.4mas%; Al, 0.03mas%; C, 0.17mas%; O, 0.05mas%; Co, 2.6mas%; Ti, 0.1mas%; Fe, 64.21mas%;
    较佳地，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料由以下组分组成：Nd，23.76mas％；Pr，5.94mas％；Tb，1.1mas％；B，0.925mas％；Nb，0.24mas％；Cu，0.5mas％；Al，0.12mas％；C，0.12mas％；O，0.08mas％；Co，3mas％；Ti，0.05mas％；余量为Fe；Preferably, in terms of mass percentage, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material consists of the following components: Nd, 23.76mas%; Pr, 5.94mas%; Tb, 1.1mas%; B, 0.925mas%; Nb, 0.24 mas%; Cu, 0.5mas%; Al, 0.12mas%; C, 0.12mas%; O, 0.08mas%; Co, 3mas%; Ti, 0.05mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料由以下组分组成：Nd，30mas％；Tb，1.3mas％；B，0.94mas％；Nb，0.2mas％；Cu，0.4mas％；C，0.17mas％；O，0.05mas％；Co，3.5mas％；Ti，0.1mas％；余量为Fe；Or, in terms of mass percentage, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material consists of the following components: Nd, 30mas%; Tb, 1.3mas%; B, 0.94mas%; Nb, 0.2mas%; Cu, 0.4mas%; C, 0.17mas%; O, 0.05mas%; Co, 3.5mas%; Ti, 0.1mas%; the balance is Fe;
    或者，以质量百分比计，所述钕铁硼永磁材料由以下组分组成：Nd，29mas％；Dy，0.6mas％；Tb，1.1mas％；B，0.955mas％；Nb，0.14mas％；Cu，0.35mas％；O，0.11mas％；Co，0.5mas％；余量为Fe。Alternatively, in terms of mass percentage, the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material consists of the following components: Nd, 29mas%; Dy, 0.6mas%; Tb, 1.1mas%; B, 0.955mas%; Nb, 0.14mas%; Cu, 0.35mas%; O, 0.11mas%; Co, 0.5mas%; the balance is Fe.
  7. 一种钕铁硼永磁材料的基体的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法 包括下述步骤：将如权利要求1或2所述的用于制备钕铁硼永磁材料的原料组合物经熔炼，即得合金片；将所述合金片制粉、成型、烧结即可；A preparation method of a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material matrix, characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following steps: combining the raw material composition for preparing neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials according to claim 1 or 2 After smelting, the alloy flakes are obtained; the alloy flakes are powdered, formed, and sintered;
    较佳地，所述合金片的厚度为0.2mm-0.4mm，例如0.3mm；Preferably, the thickness of the alloy sheet is 0.2mm-0.4mm, for example 0.3mm;
    较佳地，所述合金片为如权利要求3所述的钕铁硼永磁材料的合金片；Preferably, the alloy sheet is the alloy sheet of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material according to claim 3;
    较佳地，所述熔炼的温度为1300-1700℃；Preferably, the melting temperature is 1300-1700°C;
    较佳地，所述制粉包括氢破制粉和气流磨制粉；所述氢破制粉较佳地包括吸氢、脱氢和冷却处理；所述吸氢的温度较佳地为20-200℃；所述脱氢的温度较佳地为400-650℃；Preferably, the pulverizing process includes hydrogen pulverization and jet mill pulverization; the hydrogen pulverization process preferably includes hydrogen absorption, dehydrogenation, and cooling treatment; the temperature of the hydrogen absorption is preferably 20- 200°C; the temperature of the dehydrogenation is preferably 400-650°C;
    较佳地，所述气流磨制粉后的粉末粒径为D50 3μm-8μm，例如D50 4μm；Preferably, the particle size of the powder after the airflow milling is D50 3 μm-8 μm, such as D50 4 μm;
    较佳地，所述烧结的温度为1000-1200℃，更佳地为1030-1090℃；所述烧结的时间较佳地为0.5-10h，更佳地为2-8h。Preferably, the sintering temperature is 1000-1200°C, more preferably 1030-1090°C; the sintering time is preferably 0.5-10h, more preferably 2-8h.
  8. 一种钕铁硼永磁材料的基体，其特征在于，其按照权利要求7所述的制备方法制得。A matrix of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, characterized in that it is prepared according to the preparation method of claim 7.
  9. 一种钕铁硼永磁材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括下述步骤：将如权利要求4或8所述的钕铁硼永磁材料的基体经晶界扩散处理即可；A preparation method of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, characterized in that, the preparation method comprises the following steps: subject the matrix of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material according to claim 4 or 8 to grain boundary diffusion treatment. ；
    所述晶界扩散处理采用的重稀土金属较佳地包括Dy和/或Tb；所述重稀土金属的含量范围较佳地为0-0.6mas％、且不为0，mas％是指在所述钕铁硼永磁材料质量百分比；The heavy rare earth metal used in the grain boundary diffusion treatment preferably includes Dy and/or Tb; the content of the heavy rare earth metal is preferably 0-0.6 mas%, and not 0, mas% means that The mass percentage of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material;
    较佳地，所述晶界扩散的温度为800-1000℃，例如850℃；Preferably, the temperature of the grain boundary diffusion is 800-1000°C, such as 850°C;
    较佳地，所述晶界扩散的时间为12-90h，例如24h；Preferably, the time for the grain boundary diffusion is 12-90h, such as 24h;
    较佳地，所述晶界扩散之后，还进行热处理；所述热处理的温度较佳地为470℃-510℃；Preferably, heat treatment is further performed after the grain boundary diffusion; the temperature of the heat treatment is preferably 470°C-510°C;
    较佳地，所述热处理的时间为2-4小时，例如3小时。Preferably, the heat treatment time is 2-4 hours, such as 3 hours.
  10. 一种钕铁硼永磁材料，其特征在于，其按照权利要求9所述的制备方法制得。A neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material, characterized in that it is prepared according to the preparation method of claim 9.
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