WO2021233590A1 - Procédé pour faire fonctionner un réservoir de stockage stratifié et réservoir de stockage stratifié - Google Patents

Procédé pour faire fonctionner un réservoir de stockage stratifié et réservoir de stockage stratifié Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021233590A1
WO2021233590A1 PCT/EP2021/057189 EP2021057189W WO2021233590A1 WO 2021233590 A1 WO2021233590 A1 WO 2021233590A1 EP 2021057189 W EP2021057189 W EP 2021057189W WO 2021233590 A1 WO2021233590 A1 WO 2021233590A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
operating state
storage tank
stratified storage
stratified
control unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/057189
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Vladimir Danov
Sebastian Schreck
Jochen SCHÄFER
Sebastian THIEM
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2021233590A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021233590A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F28D20/0039—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material with stratification of the heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/001—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses district heating system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/10—Heat storage materials, e.g. phase change materials or static water enclosed in a space
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/17—District heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a stratified memory according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a stratified memory according to the preamble of patent claim 15.
  • So-called local electricity markets are known from the prior art, which enable a local exchange of locally generated and locally consumed energy.
  • the local exchange of heat can in principle take place by means of a local heat market.
  • heat cannot be transferred over long distances without major losses and its transfer to the heat consumer requires considerably more time.
  • heating networks typically have a heat store at important nodes. The heat accumulators can store heat from the heating network and release it back into it, so that the heat accumulators thus serve as buffer storage.
  • Stratified storage tanks can be used for buffer storage.
  • Stratified storage tanks typically have a pressurized water tank filled with water that sensibly stores the heat by means of the water.
  • Layered memories have a temperature stratification, that is, a sequence of temperature layers. Due to their temperature stratification, stratified storage tanks are loaded in such a way that they are preserved or stable. In other words, stratified storage tanks are loaded with a specified capacity. or discharged so that the temperature stratification is not adversely affected. Too fast and / or too powerful loading or unloading would destroy the temperature stratification and thus lead to significant losses. For this reason, known stratified storage tanks can only be loaded or unloaded with a limited power. This is particularly problematic with regard to local heat markets.
  • the present invention is based on the object of enabling an improved use of stratified storage tanks with regard to local heat markets.
  • the method according to the invention for operating a stratified memory with several temperature layers by means of a control unit the stratified memory being operable by the control unit according to a first and second operating state, and within the first operating state loading or unloading of the stratified memory by a thermally coupled with the stratified memory
  • the heating network is carried out in such a way that its temperature layers are essentially stable, is characterized in that if the heating network is covered or insufficiently covered, the control unit drives the stratified storage tank in accordance with the second operating state, with the loading or unloading of the stratified storage tank being carried out within the second operating state Mixing of the temperature layers takes place.
  • the control unit is designed to control the stratified memory.
  • the control unit specifies in particular the operating state (mode of operation) according to which the shift Memory is operated.
  • the concept of controlling includes regulating.
  • Operating the stratified storage facility includes loading and / or unloading the stratified storage facility with heat or thermal energy.
  • the stratified storage tank is operated when it is at least partially loaded and / or at least partially discharged. Complete loading or unloading is not required.
  • heating should also encompass thermal energy, so that no distinction is made between these in the present case or they are interchangeable.
  • the heating network is referred to as a thermal network.
  • the stratified storage tank has a temperature stratification with several temperature layers. Typically, the temperature layers follow one another, so that the temperature of the temperature layers increases from bottom to top within the layer memory.
  • the stratified storage tank comprises a heat storage material, in particular a heat storage fluid, typically water, for storing heat.
  • a heat storage fluid typically water
  • the heat storage fluid is typically arranged within a pressure vessel.
  • the stratified storage tank is thermally coupled to a heating network, for example by means of one or more heat exchangers.
  • the heat exchanger can be arranged outside (first type) and, on the other hand, inside the stratified storage tank (second type). If the heat exchanger is arranged outside of the stratified storage tank or outside of the pressure vessel, the loading or unloading power can basically be adjusted by changing the pumping power of a pump that ensures heat transfer and storage at the heat exchanger. the. If the heat exchanger is arranged within the stratified storage tank or the associated pressure vessel, the heat transferring area within the stratified storage tank is typically decisive.
  • the present invention is suitable and intended for both types.
  • the stratified memory can be operated in two ways, which correspond to the first and second operating states.
  • the stratified storage tank In the first operating state, the stratified storage tank is operated in such a way that its temperature stratification and thus the temperature strata remain essentially stable. Essentially stable here means that the stratified storage tank is loaded or unloaded in such a way that mixing of the temperature strata is avoided as far as technically and / or physically possible.
  • the first operating state is designed in such a way that the loading or unloading of the stratified storage facility takes place taking into account the temperature strata.
  • the temperature stratification and its maintenance are decisive.
  • the first operating state can thus be viewed as normal operation of the stratified storage tank. Normal operation is fundamentally desirable, as this enables the stratified storage tank to be operated as efficiently as possible in terms of energy. Mixing the temperature layers would generally lead to losses.
  • the stratified storage tank is operated according to the invention in such a way that its temperature stratification or its temperature strata are not retained.
  • the second operating state is thus characterized in that the stratified storage tank is loaded or unloaded regardless of its temperature stratification.
  • the only decisive factor here is therefore only heat to be added quickly and for a short time store or provide.
  • the present invention thus enables rapid or short-term loading or unloading of the stratified storage tank by means of the second operating state.
  • the control unit switches the stratified storage tank from the first operational state to the second operational state if there is an undercover or overburden within the heating network.
  • Overlapping is present, for example, when more heat is generated or provided or is to be generated than is or is to be consumed. There is a shortfall, for example, if less heat is generated or provided or is to be provided than is or should be consumed. A current status of the heating network and / or an operating schedule of the heating network can therefore be decisive for the overburden or shortfall.
  • the heating network can thus be relieved in the short term with regard to its overburden or undercover.
  • the heating network is stabilized and existing storage capacities can be used more effectively.
  • a local heating market which includes the heating network
  • greater flexibility can be provided in the short term with regard to the exchange of heat.
  • higher statistical fluctuations in terms of heat demand are to be expected.
  • P2H combined heat and power
  • the generation of renewable heat for example by a combined heat and power (P2H) system with a photovoltaic system
  • P2H combined heat and power
  • a photovoltaic system breaks down or does not occur as predicted.
  • short-term storage or provision of heat is therefore advantageous, which the present invention enables.
  • the heating network advantageously does not have to be designed for the expected peak load.
  • the stratified memory according to the invention comprises a control unit and is characterized in that the control unit is designed to control the stratified memory according to a method according to the present invention and / or one of its refinements.
  • the stratified storage tank is loaded in the second operating state with an increased loading capacity compared to the first operating state or discharged with an increased discharge capacity compared to the first operating state.
  • the second operating state therefore does not correspond to normal operation of the stratified storage tank, but rather a type of emergency operation if compensation for excess and / or insufficient coverage within the heating network is required.
  • the stratified storage tank is operated according to the first operating state with a loading capacity or unloading capacity within a standard range for the stratified storage tank.
  • the second operating state forms a type of emergency operation of the stratified storage tank.
  • a loss through mixing of the temperature layers is accepted so that the heating network is stabilized again as quickly as possible in the event of an overlay or undercover.
  • the stratified storage tank is operated in accordance with the second operating state, regardless of its temperature stratification.
  • the loading capacity or unloading capacity is set within the second operating state as a function of the coverage or under coverage of the heating network.
  • the loading capacity is increased by connecting further pipelines, which are provided for loading the stratified storage tank, or the discharge capacity is increased by connecting further pipelines, which are provided for discharging the stratified storage tank.
  • the loading capacity and / or the unloading capacity can be increased in various ways, the respective configuration being dependent on the type of storage tank in layers.
  • additional or further pipelines that are not used in the first operating state are switched on so that heat can be stored or provided in a shorter time. It is particularly preferred here if the number of pipelines connected is set as a function of the overlap or shortfall.
  • the loading capacity or the unloading capacity is matched to the overburden or shortfall.
  • a pump output of a pump which is provided for loading or unloading the stratified storage tank within the first operating state, is increased within the second operating state compared to the first operating state.
  • the pump output is set as a function of the overlap or shortfall.
  • the pump output is thus advantageously adapted to the coverage or insufficient coverage of the heating network, that is to say to the status of the heating network.
  • the stratified storage tank has a circulation unit, the circulation unit being operated within the second operating state.
  • the circulation unit which can be controlled by the control unit, preferably comprises a stirrer for mixing the temperature layers.
  • the stirrer is in this case within the layers memory, that is arranged within the associated pressure vessel. This mixes the temperature layers, so that although losses occur, heat can be stored or made available for a short time.
  • the circulation unit is preferably controlled by the control unit as a function of the coverage or insufficient coverage of the heating network.
  • the circulation unit is switched on (second operating state) or off (first operating state) and / or its operation is changed depending on the overlap or the underlap, for example by adjusting the rotational speed of the stirrer and / or a blade position of the stirrer.
  • previously heated storage fluid is preferably introduced directly into the stratified storage tank.
  • the stratified storage tank can advantageously react more quickly to an overburden or undercover within the heating network.
  • the control unit operates the stratified storage system in accordance with the second operating state when the control unit receives a data signal from a lo cal energy market platform of the heating network that indicates an excess or insufficient coverage of the heating network.
  • the heating network and the stratified storage tank are part of a local heating market that is established by means of a local energy market platform.
  • the local energy market platform brings local heat offers in terms of heat consumption and heat supply, in particular heat generation, in line with each other as closely as possible.
  • the local energy market platform transmits a corresponding data signal to the control unit of the stratified memory, whereupon the stratified memory changes from the first operating state to the second operating state.
  • the stratified storage tank is controlled in line with market requirements.
  • control unit transmits a first storage capacity of the stratified storage tank for the first operating state and a second storage capacity for the second operating state to the local energy market platform of the heating network.
  • the storage capacity of the stratified storage facility is symbolically divided into a normal capacity (first storage capacity) and an emergency capacity (second storage capacity).
  • the operator of the stratified storage facility can thus advantageously transmit two offers to the local energy market platform, for example for normal, energetically efficient heat storage without significant mixing of the temperature strata and short-term heat storage in which the stratified storage facility is loaded more quickly and thus a mixing of the temperature strata he follows.
  • the second storage capacity thus typically has a higher price than the first storage capacity.
  • the second storage capacity the local energy market platform only takes it into account or uses it as optimally as possible if there is or will be an over-coverage or under-coverage of the heating network, for example in the case of day-ahead trading.
  • the operator of the stratified storage tank can determine the value of the stored energy and which losses would cause the temperature stratification to be destroyed. Based on this, the operator can offer the provision of storage capacity at a specific point in time or transmit it to the local energy market platform.
  • the present invention is therefore particularly advantageous in connection with a local energy market, in particular a local heating market.
  • the control unit and the local energy market platform can correspondingly communicate with one another or exchange and / or process data / data signals.
  • the single figure shows schematically a stratified storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is coupled to a heat network of a local heat market.
  • the figure shows a stratified memory 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stratified storage tank 4 comprises a control unit 41 and is thermally coupled to a heat network 2 for exchanging heat by means of a heat exchanger 24.
  • the stratified storage tank 4 can store heat from the heating network 2.
  • the stratified storage tank 4 is integrated into a local heat market or energy market.
  • the local heat market is technically formed by the local energy market platform 6.
  • the stratified storage tank 4 is integrated into the local heat market in the present case by the control unit 4, which can exchange data with the local energy market platform 6 via the data connection 101. In particular, this takes place via the Internet and / or cloud-based.
  • the control unit 4 is designed to control the operation of the layer memory 4, wherein the layer memory 4 can be operated according to a first and second operating state.
  • the stratified storage tank 4 has at least two different operating modes. According to which of the operating modes the stratified memory 4 is operated is determined or established by the control unit 41.
  • the control unit 41 can thus switch at least the stratified memory 4 between the operating modes or switch from one operating mode to the other operating mode.
  • the first operating mode or the first Breastzu was the stratified storage tank 4 is seen for normal operation.
  • the stratified storage tank 4 is loaded or unloaded in such a way that its temperature stratification remains stable.
  • the stratified storage tank 4 is loaded or unloaded, taking into account its temperature stratification.
  • the second operating mode or the second Radiozu status of the stratified storage tank 4 is provided for an emergency operation, so to speak.
  • the stratified storage tank 4 is loaded or unloaded regardless of its temperature stratification. In other words, mixing of the temperature layers is accepted or forced be loaded or unloaded faster. Such a case is required, for example, when the heating network 2 is covered or insufficiently covered.
  • the over-coverage or under-cover can occur spontaneously and / or result from the operational planning by the local energy market platform 6.
  • the control unit 41 can receive a corresponding signal from the local energy market platform 6, which signals an over-coverage and / or under-coverage. As a result, the control unit 41 can, if necessary, change the stratified memory 4 from the first operating state to the second operating state.
  • the mixing of the temperature layers within the second operating state is specifically enforced by means of a circulation unit 42, in particular a stirrer within the layer storage unit 4.
  • a circulation unit 42 in particular a stirrer within the layer storage unit 4.
  • the circulation unit 42 is switched on by the control unit 41 and the temperature layers are thus mixed or mixed.
  • the stratified storage tank 4 can be charged more quickly if there is an overlap within the heating network 2 and can be discharged more quickly if there is an insufficient coverage within the heating network.
  • the output of the circulation unit 4 can be adapted to the extent of the overlap and / or undercover.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour faire fonctionner un réservoir de stockage stratifié (4), comprenant de multiples couches de température, au moyen d'une unité de commande (41), le réservoir de stockage stratifié (4) pouvant être actionné par l'unité de commande (41) en fonction d'un premier et d'un second état de fonctionnement, et dans le premier état de fonctionnement, une charge ou une décharge du réservoir de stockage stratifié (4) a lieu par l'intermédiaire d'un réseau de chaleur (2) thermiquement couplé au réservoir de stockage stratifié (4), de telle sorte que ses couches de température sont sensiblement stables. Le procédé est caractérisé en ce que, avec une suralimentation ou une sous-alimentation du réseau de chaleur (2), l'unité de commande (41) fait fonctionner le réservoir de stockage stratifié (4) en fonction du second état de fonctionnement, la charge ou la décharge du réservoir de stockage stratifié (4) s'effectuant par mélange des couches de température dans le second état de fonctionnement. L'invention se rapporte également à un réservoir de stockage stratifié (4).
PCT/EP2021/057189 2020-05-20 2021-03-22 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un réservoir de stockage stratifié et réservoir de stockage stratifié WO2021233590A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020206376.1 2020-05-20
DE102020206376.1A DE102020206376A1 (de) 2020-05-20 2020-05-20 Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Schichtenspeichers sowie Schichtenspeicher

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021233590A1 true WO2021233590A1 (fr) 2021-11-25

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PCT/EP2021/057189 WO2021233590A1 (fr) 2020-05-20 2021-03-22 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un réservoir de stockage stratifié et réservoir de stockage stratifié

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DE (1) DE102020206376A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021233590A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2990750A2 (fr) * 2014-08-28 2016-03-02 Krones AG Agencement et procede d'accumulation de chaleur pour consommateur de chaleur dans une installation destinee a la fabrication de boissons
WO2016180923A1 (fr) * 2015-05-13 2016-11-17 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Dispositif de stockage d'énergie thermique
EP3225937A1 (fr) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-04 Commissariat À L'Énergie Atomique Et Aux Énergies Alternatives Dispositif pour bâtiment comprenant un élément de stockage de fluide à recharger thermiquement
EP3518369A1 (fr) 2018-01-30 2019-07-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Méthode et dispositif pour contrôler le transfert de puissance électrique et réseau électrique
WO2020021014A1 (fr) * 2018-07-26 2020-01-30 ETH Zürich Procédé de commande de thermocline

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29706808U1 (de) 1997-04-16 1998-08-13 Ikarus Solargroshandlung Raine Pufferspeicher und Wärmesammel- und Verteilsystem mit einem Pufferspeicher
DE102019201463A1 (de) 2019-02-05 2020-08-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Energiesystem, lokaler Energiemarkt und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Energiesystems

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2990750A2 (fr) * 2014-08-28 2016-03-02 Krones AG Agencement et procede d'accumulation de chaleur pour consommateur de chaleur dans une installation destinee a la fabrication de boissons
WO2016180923A1 (fr) * 2015-05-13 2016-11-17 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Dispositif de stockage d'énergie thermique
EP3225937A1 (fr) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-04 Commissariat À L'Énergie Atomique Et Aux Énergies Alternatives Dispositif pour bâtiment comprenant un élément de stockage de fluide à recharger thermiquement
EP3518369A1 (fr) 2018-01-30 2019-07-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Méthode et dispositif pour contrôler le transfert de puissance électrique et réseau électrique
WO2020021014A1 (fr) * 2018-07-26 2020-01-30 ETH Zürich Procédé de commande de thermocline

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