WO2021232782A1 - Hybrid fiber amplifier, optical signal amplification method, and optical communication system - Google Patents

Hybrid fiber amplifier, optical signal amplification method, and optical communication system Download PDF

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WO2021232782A1
WO2021232782A1 PCT/CN2020/138412 CN2020138412W WO2021232782A1 WO 2021232782 A1 WO2021232782 A1 WO 2021232782A1 CN 2020138412 W CN2020138412 W CN 2020138412W WO 2021232782 A1 WO2021232782 A1 WO 2021232782A1
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fiber amplifier
gain
coupler
optical
pump
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PCT/CN2020/138412
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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付成鹏
卜勤练
陶金涛
侯梦军
刘青
乐孟辉
余春平
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武汉光迅科技股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H04B10/2912—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form characterised by the medium used for amplification or processing
    • H04B10/2916—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form characterised by the medium used for amplification or processing using Raman or Brillouin amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
    • H01S3/06758—Tandem amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
    • H01S3/06762—Fibre amplifiers having a specific amplification band
    • H01S3/06766—C-band amplifiers, i.e. amplification in the range of about 1530 nm to 1560 nm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
    • H01S3/06762—Fibre amplifiers having a specific amplification band
    • H01S3/0677—L-band amplifiers, i.e. amplification in the range of about 1560 nm to 1610 nm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H04B10/293—Signal power control

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to optical fiber communication technology, and in particular, to a hybrid optical fiber amplifier that supports C+L band amplification, an optical signal amplification method, and an optical communication system.
  • EDFA Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
  • RPA Raman fiber amplifier
  • the minimum channel spacing of the dual-carrier 400G signal is 75GHz, and the single-carrier 400G channel spacing based on the quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK, Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) high-order modulation requires greater than 100GHz, so the traditional C-band signal It has not met the requirements of high-speed communication systems.
  • EDFA can amplify C-band or L-band alone, it cannot achieve high-gain amplification of C+L-band signals together.
  • the C band is 4 to 8 GHz
  • the L is the band 1 to 2 GHz.
  • the C+L-band In the current existing technical solution, if the C+L-band is amplified, the C+L-band must be separated into two independent C-band and L-band, and then amplified separately and then passed through wavelength division multiplexing (WDM, Wavelength Division Multiplexing) is used for multiplexing. In this way, there are always several wavelengths (3-5nm bandwidth) in the frequency band that are lost due to multiplexing.
  • WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing
  • hybrid amplifiers composed of distributed Raman fiber amplifiers and EDFAs, but the working wavelengths of distributed RFA and EDFA are the same. This hybrid fiber amplifier mainly uses the low noise index of distributed Raman fiber amplifiers.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a hybrid optical fiber amplifier and an optical communication system.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a hybrid optical fiber amplifier, including:
  • the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is configured to amplify the C and L band optical signals in the optical path, and filter out the part of the amplified C and L band optical signals whose gain exceeds the set threshold, so that the output to the back end of the optical path
  • the power of C and L band optical signals in each channel is balanced;
  • Lumped Raman fiber amplifier the input end is connected to the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier through a highly nonlinear fiber or dispersion compensation fiber, and is configured to output C and L-band optical signals that are not in the erbium-doped fiber amplifier.
  • the optical signal amplified by the fiber amplifier is amplified.
  • the erbium-doped fiber amplifier includes a first coupler, a first photodetector, a first isolator, a first pump/signal multiplexer, a first pump light source, a second isolator, The first gain flattening filter, the second coupler, the second photodetector and the third isolator, wherein,
  • the common end of the first coupler is connected to the input optical path, the first splitting ratio end of the first coupler is connected to the first photodetector, and the second splitting ratio end of the first coupler is connected to the
  • the input end of the first isolator is connected, the output end of the first isolator is connected to the signal end of the first pump/signal multiplexer, and the pump end of the pump/signal multiplexer is connected to
  • the first pump light source is connected, the common end of the pump/signal multiplexer is connected to the input end of the second isolator through an erbium-doped fiber, and the output end of the second isolator is connected to the first isolator.
  • the input end of a gain flattening filter is connected, the output end of the first gain flattening filter is connected to the common end of the second coupler, and the first splitting ratio end of the second coupler is connected to the second
  • the photodetector is connected, the second splitting ratio end of the second coupler is connected to the input end of the third isolator, and the output end of the third isolator is used as the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier.
  • the lumped Raman fiber amplifier includes: a second pump/signal multiplexer, a second pump light source, a fourth isolator, and a second gain flattening filter; wherein,
  • the common end of the second pump/signal multiplexer is connected to the output end of the third isolator through the highly nonlinear fiber or dispersion compensation fiber, and the reflection of the second pump/signal multiplexer Terminal is connected to the second pump light source, the transmission terminal of the pump/signal multiplexer is connected to the input terminal of the fourth isolator, and the output terminal of the isolator is connected to the second gain flattening filter.
  • the input end is connected, and the output end of the second gain flattening filter is used as the output end of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier.
  • the hybrid fiber amplifier further includes: a third coupler, a third photodetector, and a control unit;
  • the common end of the third coupler is connected to the output end of the second gain flattening filter, the first splitting ratio end of the third coupler is connected to the third photodetector, and the third coupling The second splitting ratio end of the device is connected to the output optical path;
  • the control unit is respectively connected to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and the lumped Raman fiber amplifier;
  • the control unit obtains the optical power values detected by the first photodetector and the second photodetector, and controls the luminous power and luminescence of the first pump light source according to the requirements of the gain to be amplified of the optical signal Frequency; or, according to the requirements of the gain to be amplified of the optical signal, adjust the gain amplification parameters of the first gain flattening filter to control the gain of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier;
  • the control unit obtains the optical power values detected by the second photodetector and the third photodetector, and controls the luminous power and/ Or the luminous frequency; or, according to the requirement of the gain to be amplified of the optical signal, the gain amplification parameter of the second gain flattening filter is adjusted to control the gain of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier.
  • the first pump light source and the second pump light source include pump lasers with a wavelength range of 1455 to 1510 nm.
  • the gain wavelength range of the highly nonlinear optical fiber is: 1550 to 1570 nm;
  • the gain wavelength range of the dispersion compensation fiber is: 1570 to 1580 nm;
  • the gain wavelength range of the erbium-doped fiber is 1530-1594 nm.
  • the light splitting ratio of the first light splitting ratio end of the first coupler, the second coupler and the third coupler ranges from 25% to 35%; the first coupler and the second coupler
  • the range of the light splitting ratio with the second light splitting ratio end of the third coupler is: 65% to 75%.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an optical signal amplifying method, including: using the hybrid optical fiber amplifier to perform power amplifying optical signals in the C and L bands in the optical path.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an optical communication system, the optical communication system supports C+L band optical signal processing, and the structure of the optical fiber amplifier in the optical communication system adopts the structure of the hybrid optical fiber amplifier.
  • EDFA and RFA are set to jointly amplify the power of the C+L band optical signal, wherein the EDFA amplifies the C-band signal in the C+L band optical signal; RFA mainly amplifies the C+ The L-band signal in the L-band optical signal; in particular, when the EDFA is amplified, the first gain flattening filter (GFF, Gain Flattening Filter) eliminates the gain peak near 1560 nm, so that the EDFA can easily obtain the L-band signal gain. Since both EDFA and Raman are lumped fiber amplifiers, gain control can be achieved through local input and output power detection, and gain control is very convenient.
  • GFF Gain Flattening Filter
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-wideband hybrid fiber amplifier provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the gain spectrum of the EDFA without a gain flattening filter in the entire C+L-band bandwidth in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the gain spectrum of the EDFA in the entire C+L-band bandwidth after adding a gain flattening filter in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the gain spectrum of a single Raman fiber amplifier in the entire C+L-band bandwidth in an embodiment of the application;
  • Example 5 of the present application adjusting EDFA gain G E embodiments, RFA gain G R schematic ultra wideband hybrid fiber amplifier gain spectrum.
  • the lumped RFA can theoretically amplify the entire C+L-band, but due to the wider C+L-band, multiple pump wavelengths are required to achieve gain flatness, and multiple pump wavelengths Interaction and influence will occur in highly nonlinear fibers, which brings great difficulties to the gain flatness control of lumped Raman amplifiers; in addition, whether it is a lumped Raman fiber amplifier or a distributed Raman fiber amplifier, Raman gain cannot be too large, otherwise it will cause strong multipath interference. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application mainly uses EDFA to share most of the gain to reduce the gain of the lumped Raman amplifier, thereby reducing the multipath interference of the amplifier.
  • the embodiment of the present application realizes the entire C+L-band fiber amplifier by combining the EDFA and the lumped RFA, which reduces the cost on the one hand, and greatly improves the performance of the fiber amplifier on the other hand.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application based on the optical signal amplification characteristics of the above-mentioned EDFA and lumped RFA, proposes an optical fiber amplifier combining the above-mentioned EDFA and lumped RFA.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-wideband hybrid fiber amplifier provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the hybrid fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the present application includes: an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 1 and a lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2.
  • the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 1 includes an input end coupler (first coupler) 101, an input photodetector (first photodetector) 102, an isolator (first isolator) 1031, a first pump/signal multiplexer 104, pump laser (first pump light source) 105, erbium-doped fiber 106, output isolator (second isolator) 1032, first gain flattening filter 107, output coupler (second coupler) 108.
  • the ratio end (small splitting ratio end) is connected to the input photodetector 102
  • the second splitting ratio end (large splitting ratio end) of the input end coupler 101 is connected to the input end of the isolator 1031 of the main optical path
  • the output end of the isolator 1031 Is connected to the signal end of the first pump/signal multiplexer 104
  • the pump end of the first pump/signal multiplexer 104 is connected to the pump laser 105
  • the common end is connected to the erbium-doped fiber 106
  • the output end of the erbium-doped fiber 106 is connected to the input end of the output isolator 1032, and the output end
  • the corresponding gain flattening filter must be integrated (the first gain flattening filter 107 is set in the embodiment of this application).
  • the shape of the gain spectrum of the EDFA in the entire C+L-band is shown in the curve 201 in Figure 2, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the gain of either the shortest wavelength or the longest wavelength cannot be adjusted.
  • the power of the pump light source and the length of the fiber are compensated, and this type of gain spectrum is difficult to achieve flat amplification through the compensation of Raman gain.
  • the EDFA gain spectrum after the gain flat filter is set is shown in curve 301 in Figure 3.
  • the Raman gain compensation realizes flat amplification.
  • the curve 401 in FIG. 4 shows the gain spectrum of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2.
  • the gain spectrum of the hybrid fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the application is shown as the curve in FIG. 5, where curve 501 is the gain spectrum of EDFA, and curve 502 is Raman gain spectrum, curve 503 is the overall gain spectrum of Raman+EDFA.
  • the hybrid optical fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the present application further includes: a third coupler 117, a third photodetector 118, and a control unit 3; wherein, the control unit 3 is composed of a CPU/FPGA and Its peripheral circuit composition.
  • the common end of the third coupler 117 is connected to the output end of the second gain flattening filter 116, and the first splitting ratio end of the third coupler 117 is connected to the third photodetector 118, so The second splitting ratio end of the third coupler 117 is connected to the output optical path, and the second splitting ratio end of the third coupler 117 serves as the output end of the hybrid optical fiber amplifier in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the control unit 3 is connected to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 1 and the lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2 respectively;
  • the control unit 3 obtains the optical power values detected by the first photodetector 102 and the second photodetector 109, and controls the power of the first pump light source 105 according to the demand for the gain of the optical signal to be amplified. Luminous power and luminous frequency; or, according to the requirements of the gain to be amplified of the optical signal, the gain amplification parameters of the first gain flattening filter 107 are adjusted to control the gain of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 1;
  • the control unit 3 obtains the optical power values detected by the second photodetector 109 and the third photodetector 118, and controls the second pump light source 113/ according to the requirements of the optical signal to be amplified gain. 114 luminous power and/or luminous frequency; or, according to the requirements of the gain of the optical signal to be amplified, the gain amplification parameters of the second gain flattening filter 116 are adjusted to control the lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2 Therefore, the overall gain of the hybrid optical fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted.
  • the pump laser group is a pump laser of 1455-1510 nm, and the pump laser group includes at least two different pump wavelengths, so that the erbium-doped fiber amplifier according to the embodiment of the present application can be compensated.
  • 1 Severe lack of gain in the L part of the long-wave band.
  • the gain wavelength range of the highly nonlinear optical fiber is: 1550 to 1570 nm; preferably, 1560 nm.
  • the gain wavelength range of the dispersion compensation fiber is: 1570 to 1580 nm; preferably 1575 nm.
  • the gain wavelength range of the erbium-doped fiber is: 1530-1594nm; preferably 1560nm.
  • the light splitting ratio of the first light splitting ratio end of the first coupler, the second coupler and the third coupler ranges from 25% to 35%; the first coupler and the second coupler
  • the range of the light splitting ratio with the second light splitting ratio end of the third coupler is: 65% to 75%.
  • the hybrid amplifier first performs EDFA amplification, and the signal amplified by EDFA is then subjected to Raman amplification.
  • the lumped Raman fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the present application uses a highly nonlinear fiber with a relatively high nonlinear coefficient or a dispersion compensation fiber as the gain medium, the C-band signal amplified by the EDFA will also be amplified in the highly nonlinear fiber. Wavelength signal, thereby greatly reducing the pump power amplified by the Raman fiber, improving the conversion efficiency of the pump light source, and reducing the cost.
  • the gains of the EDFA and RFA in the ultra-wideband hybrid fiber amplifier provided by the embodiments of the present application can be controlled by the feedback of the photodetector, and the gain control can be realized separately, and the gain adjustment is relatively simple.
  • the hybrid fiber amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present application can control the RFA and the EDFA to perform corresponding joint adjustments according to expected amplification requirements, and achieve the expected adjustment effect.
  • the disclosed device and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the coupling, or direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms. of.
  • the units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units; Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the embodiments of the present invention can be all integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be individually used as a unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integration
  • the unit can be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

Abstract

The present application discloses a hybrid fiber amplifier, an optical signal amplification method, and an optical communication system. The hybrid fiber amplifier comprises: an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, configured to amplify a C-band optical signal and an L-band optical signal in an optical path, and then filter out respective parts of the amplified C-band optical signal and L-band optical signal having a gain exceeding a configured threshold such that power of the C-band optical signal and the L-band optical signal outputted to a rear end of the optical path is equalized in all channels; and a lumped Raman fiber amplifier, having an input end connected to an output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier by means of a highly nonlinear fiber or a dispersion compensation fiber, and configured to amplify optical signals in the outputted C-band optical signal and L-band optical signal that have not been amplified by the erbium-doped fiber amplifier. Both the EDFA and the Raman in the present application are lumped fiber amplifiers, in which gain control can be achieved by means of local input power and output power detection, thereby facilitating gain control.

Description

混合光纤放大器、光信号放大方法及光通信系统Hybrid optical fiber amplifier, optical signal amplifying method and optical communication system
相关申请的交叉引用Cross-references to related applications
本申请基于申请号为202010438163.3、申请日为2020年05月21日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。This application is filed based on a Chinese patent application with an application number of 202010438163.3 and an application date of May 21, 2020, and claims the priority of the Chinese patent application. The entire content of the Chinese patent application is hereby incorporated by reference into this application.
技术领域Technical field
本申请实施例涉及光纤通信技术，尤其涉及一种支持C+L频带放大的混合光纤放大器、光信号放大方法及光通信系统。The embodiments of the present application relate to optical fiber communication technology, and in particular, to a hybrid optical fiber amplifier that supports C+L band amplification, an optical signal amplification method, and an optical communication system.
背景技术Background technique
在光通信领域中，为了使通信系统有足够大的容量，超宽带光纤放大器即成为必不可少的器件之一，掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA，Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier)与拉曼光纤放大器(RFA，Raman Fiber Amplifier)在光通信系统中得到了广泛应用，随着单信道400G相干通信系统的逐步商用，信道间隔越来越大，传统的50GHz间隔已不能满足高速率通信系统的要求，目前基于双载波的400G信号的信道间隔最小间隔为75GHz，而基于正交相移键控(QPSK，Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)高阶调制的单载波400G的信道间隔要求大于100GHz，因此传统的C-band信号已不满足高速率通信系统的要求。虽然EDFA单独能够放大C-band、或L-band，但是不能使C+L-band的信号一起实现高增益的放大。其中，C波段为4～8GHz，L为波段为1～2GHz。In the field of optical communication, in order to make the communication system have sufficient capacity, ultra-wideband fiber amplifier has become one of the indispensable devices. Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA, Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier) and Raman fiber amplifier (RFA) , Raman Fiber Amplifier) has been widely used in optical communication systems. With the gradual commercialization of single-channel 400G coherent communication systems, the channel spacing is getting larger and larger. The traditional 50GHz spacing can no longer meet the requirements of high-speed communication systems. The minimum channel spacing of the dual-carrier 400G signal is 75GHz, and the single-carrier 400G channel spacing based on the quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK, Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) high-order modulation requires greater than 100GHz, so the traditional C-band signal It has not met the requirements of high-speed communication systems. Although EDFA can amplify C-band or L-band alone, it cannot achieve high-gain amplification of C+L-band signals together. Among them, the C band is 4 to 8 GHz, and the L is the band 1 to 2 GHz.
在当前现有技术方案中，如果放大C+L-band，必须先将C+L-band分开为两个独立的C-band及L-band，单独放大后再通过波分复用(WDM， Wavelength Division Multiplexing)方式进行合波，这样，频带中总有几个波长(3-5nm带宽)由于合波而损失。当前技术中，也存在分布式拉曼光纤放大器与EDFA组成的混合放大器，但分布式RFA与EDFA工作波长是相同的，这种混合光纤放大器主要是利用分布式拉曼光纤放大器噪声指数低的特点，降低混合光纤放大器的噪声指数，改善系统的光信噪比(OSNR，Optical Signal Noise Ratio)，而不是拓宽信道带宽，由于对分布式拉曼光纤放大器自动增益控制的难度较大，导致传统的混合光纤放大器的增益控制异常复杂。目前，存在将C+L-band同时放大，且又能控制其增益的技术需求。In the current existing technical solution, if the C+L-band is amplified, the C+L-band must be separated into two independent C-band and L-band, and then amplified separately and then passed through wavelength division multiplexing (WDM, Wavelength Division Multiplexing) is used for multiplexing. In this way, there are always several wavelengths (3-5nm bandwidth) in the frequency band that are lost due to multiplexing. In the current technology, there are also hybrid amplifiers composed of distributed Raman fiber amplifiers and EDFAs, but the working wavelengths of distributed RFA and EDFA are the same. This hybrid fiber amplifier mainly uses the low noise index of distributed Raman fiber amplifiers. , Reduce the noise index of the hybrid fiber amplifier, improve the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR, Optical Signal Noise Ratio) of the system, instead of broadening the channel bandwidth. Because the automatic gain control of the distributed Raman fiber amplifier is more difficult, the traditional The gain control of the hybrid fiber amplifier is extremely complicated. At present, there is a technical requirement for simultaneously amplifying the C+L-band and controlling its gain.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例提供一种混合光纤放大器及光通信系统。In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present application provide a hybrid optical fiber amplifier and an optical communication system.
本申请实施例提供一种混合光纤放大器，包括：An embodiment of the present application provides a hybrid optical fiber amplifier, including:
掺铒光纤放大器，配置为对光路中的C及L波段的光信号进行放大，并滤除放大后的C及L波段的光信号中增益超过设定阈值的部分，使得向光路后端输出的C及L波段的光信号在各个信道的功率均衡；The erbium-doped fiber amplifier is configured to amplify the C and L band optical signals in the optical path, and filter out the part of the amplified C and L band optical signals whose gain exceeds the set threshold, so that the output to the back end of the optical path The power of C and L band optical signals in each channel is balanced;
集总式拉曼光纤放大器，输入端通过高非线性光纤或色散补偿光纤与所述掺铒光纤放大器的输出端连接，配置为对输出的C及L波段的光信号中未被所述掺铒光纤放大器放大的光信号进行放大。Lumped Raman fiber amplifier, the input end is connected to the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier through a highly nonlinear fiber or dispersion compensation fiber, and is configured to output C and L-band optical signals that are not in the erbium-doped fiber amplifier. The optical signal amplified by the fiber amplifier is amplified.
作为一种实现方式，所述掺铒光纤放大器包括第一耦合器、第一光电探测器、第一隔离器、第一泵浦/信号合波器、第一泵浦光源、第二隔离器、第一增益平坦滤波器、第二耦合器、第二光电探测器和第三隔离器，其中，As an implementation manner, the erbium-doped fiber amplifier includes a first coupler, a first photodetector, a first isolator, a first pump/signal multiplexer, a first pump light source, a second isolator, The first gain flattening filter, the second coupler, the second photodetector and the third isolator, wherein,
所述第一耦合器的公共端与输入光路连接，所述第一耦合器的第一分光比端与所述第一光电探测器连接，所述第一耦合器的第二分光比端与所 述第一隔离器的输入端连接，所述第一隔离器的输出端与所述第一泵浦/信号合波器的信号端连接，所述泵浦/信号合波器的泵浦端与所述第一泵浦光源连接，所述泵浦/信号合波器的公共端通过掺铒光纤与所述第二隔离器的输入端连接，所述第二隔离器的输出端与所述第一增益平坦滤波器的输入端连接，所述第一增益平坦滤波器的输出端与所述第二耦合器的公共端连接，所述第二耦合器的第一分光比端与所述第二光电探测器连接，所述第二耦合器的第二分光比端与所述第三隔离器的输入端连接，所述第三隔离器的输出端作为所述掺铒光纤放大器的输出端。The common end of the first coupler is connected to the input optical path, the first splitting ratio end of the first coupler is connected to the first photodetector, and the second splitting ratio end of the first coupler is connected to the The input end of the first isolator is connected, the output end of the first isolator is connected to the signal end of the first pump/signal multiplexer, and the pump end of the pump/signal multiplexer is connected to The first pump light source is connected, the common end of the pump/signal multiplexer is connected to the input end of the second isolator through an erbium-doped fiber, and the output end of the second isolator is connected to the first isolator. The input end of a gain flattening filter is connected, the output end of the first gain flattening filter is connected to the common end of the second coupler, and the first splitting ratio end of the second coupler is connected to the second The photodetector is connected, the second splitting ratio end of the second coupler is connected to the input end of the third isolator, and the output end of the third isolator is used as the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier.
作为一种实现方式，所述集总式拉曼光纤放大器包括：第二泵浦/信号合波器、第二泵浦光源、第四隔离器和第二增益平坦滤波器；其中，As an implementation manner, the lumped Raman fiber amplifier includes: a second pump/signal multiplexer, a second pump light source, a fourth isolator, and a second gain flattening filter; wherein,
所述第二泵浦/信号合波器的公共端通过所述高非线性光纤或色散补偿光纤与所述第三隔离器的输出端连接，所述第二泵浦/信号合波器的反射端与第二泵浦光源连接，所述泵浦/信号合波器的透射端与所述第四隔离器的输入端连接，所述隔离器的输出端与所述第二增益平坦滤波器的输入端连接，所述第二增益平坦滤波器的输出端作为所述集总式拉曼光纤放大器的输出端。The common end of the second pump/signal multiplexer is connected to the output end of the third isolator through the highly nonlinear fiber or dispersion compensation fiber, and the reflection of the second pump/signal multiplexer Terminal is connected to the second pump light source, the transmission terminal of the pump/signal multiplexer is connected to the input terminal of the fourth isolator, and the output terminal of the isolator is connected to the second gain flattening filter. The input end is connected, and the output end of the second gain flattening filter is used as the output end of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier.
作为一种实现方式，所述混合光纤放大器还包括：第三耦合器、第三光电探测器和控制单元；As an implementation manner, the hybrid fiber amplifier further includes: a third coupler, a third photodetector, and a control unit;
所述第三耦合器的公共端与所述第二增益平坦滤波器的输出端连接，所述第三耦合器的第一分光比端与所述第三光电探测器连接，所述第三耦合器的第二分光比端与输出光路连接；The common end of the third coupler is connected to the output end of the second gain flattening filter, the first splitting ratio end of the third coupler is connected to the third photodetector, and the third coupling The second splitting ratio end of the device is connected to the output optical path;
所述控制单元与所述掺铒光纤放大器及所述集总式拉曼光纤放大器分别连接；The control unit is respectively connected to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and the lumped Raman fiber amplifier;
所述控制单元获取所述第一光电探测器和所述第二光电探测器检测出的光功率值，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，控制所述第一泵浦光源的 发光功率及发光频率；或者，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，对第一增益平坦滤波器增益放大参数进行调整，控制所述掺铒光纤放大器的增益；The control unit obtains the optical power values detected by the first photodetector and the second photodetector, and controls the luminous power and luminescence of the first pump light source according to the requirements of the gain to be amplified of the optical signal Frequency; or, according to the requirements of the gain to be amplified of the optical signal, adjust the gain amplification parameters of the first gain flattening filter to control the gain of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier;
所述控制单元获取所述第二光电探测器和所述第三光电探测器检测出的光功率值，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，控制所述第二泵浦光源的发光功率和/或发光频率；或者，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，对所述第二增益平坦滤波器增益放大参数进行调整，控制所述集总式拉曼光纤放大器的增益。The control unit obtains the optical power values detected by the second photodetector and the third photodetector, and controls the luminous power and/ Or the luminous frequency; or, according to the requirement of the gain to be amplified of the optical signal, the gain amplification parameter of the second gain flattening filter is adjusted to control the gain of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier.
作为一种实现方式，所述第一泵浦光源和第二泵浦光源包括波长范围为1455～1510nm的泵浦激光器。As an implementation manner, the first pump light source and the second pump light source include pump lasers with a wavelength range of 1455 to 1510 nm.
作为一种实现方式，所述高非线性光纤的增益波长范围为：1550～1570nm；As an implementation manner, the gain wavelength range of the highly nonlinear optical fiber is: 1550 to 1570 nm;
所述色散补偿光纤的增益波长范围为：1570～1580nm；The gain wavelength range of the dispersion compensation fiber is: 1570 to 1580 nm;
所述掺铒光纤的增益波长范围为：1530～1594nm。The gain wavelength range of the erbium-doped fiber is 1530-1594 nm.
作为一种实现方式，所述第一耦合器、第二耦合器和第三耦合器的第一分光比端的分光比范围为：25％～35％；所述第一耦合器、第二耦合器和第三耦合器的第二分光比端的分光比范围为：65％～75％。As an implementation manner, the light splitting ratio of the first light splitting ratio end of the first coupler, the second coupler and the third coupler ranges from 25% to 35%; the first coupler and the second coupler The range of the light splitting ratio with the second light splitting ratio end of the third coupler is: 65% to 75%.
本申请实施例还提供一种光信号放大方法，包括：采用所述的混合光纤放大器对光路中的C及L波段的光信号进行功率放大。An embodiment of the present application also provides an optical signal amplifying method, including: using the hybrid optical fiber amplifier to perform power amplifying optical signals in the C and L bands in the optical path.
本申请实施例还提供一种光通信系统，所述光通信系统支持C+L波段光信号的处理，所述光通信系统中的光纤放大器的结构采用所述的混合光纤放大器的结构。The embodiments of the present application also provide an optical communication system, the optical communication system supports C+L band optical signal processing, and the structure of the optical fiber amplifier in the optical communication system adopts the structure of the hybrid optical fiber amplifier.
本申请实施例的混合光纤放大器中，通过设置EDFA和RFA共同对C+L波段光信号进行功率放大，其中，通过EDFA放大C+L波段光信号中的C-band信号；RFA主要放大C+L波段光信号中的L-band信号；特别地，EDFA放大时，第一增益平坦滤波器(GFF，Gain Flattening Filter)将1560nm 附近的增益峰值消除，使EDFA很容易获得L-band信号增益。由于EDFA与拉曼都属于集总式光纤放大器，增益控制可以通过本地的输入与输出功率探测实现，增益控制非常便捷。In the hybrid fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the present application, EDFA and RFA are set to jointly amplify the power of the C+L band optical signal, wherein the EDFA amplifies the C-band signal in the C+L band optical signal; RFA mainly amplifies the C+ The L-band signal in the L-band optical signal; in particular, when the EDFA is amplified, the first gain flattening filter (GFF, Gain Flattening Filter) eliminates the gain peak near 1560 nm, so that the EDFA can easily obtain the L-band signal gain. Since both EDFA and Raman are lumped fiber amplifiers, gain control can be achieved through local input and output power detection, and gain control is very convenient.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
图1为本申请实施例提供的超宽带混合光纤放大器的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-wideband hybrid fiber amplifier provided by an embodiment of the application;
图2为本申请实施例中不带增益平坦滤波器的EDFA在整个C+L-band带宽内的增益谱示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the gain spectrum of the EDFA without a gain flattening filter in the entire C+L-band bandwidth in an embodiment of the application;
图3为本申请实施例中增加增益平坦滤波器后EDFA在整个C+L-band带宽内的增益谱示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of the gain spectrum of the EDFA in the entire C+L-band bandwidth after adding a gain flattening filter in an embodiment of the application;
图4为本申请实施例中单独拉曼光纤放大器在整个C+L-band带宽内的增益谱示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of the gain spectrum of a single Raman fiber amplifier in the entire C+L-band bandwidth in an embodiment of the application;
图5为本申请实施例中调整EDFA增益G E、RFA增益G R实现超宽带混合光纤放大器增益谱示意图。 Example 5 of the present application adjusting EDFA gain G E embodiments, RFA gain G R schematic ultra wideband hybrid fiber amplifier gain spectrum.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图，详细阐明本申请实施例技术方案的实质。The essence of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本申请实施例中，集总式RFA在理论上能放大整个C+L-band，但是由于C+L-band较宽，需要多个泵浦波长来实现增益平坦，而多个泵浦波长在高非线性光纤中会产生相互作用与影响，这给集总式拉曼放大器的增益平坦控制带来极大的困难；另外，无论是集总式拉曼光纤放大器还是分布式拉曼光纤放大器，拉曼增益都不能太大，否则会引起很强的多径干涉，因 此，本申请实施例主要是通过EDFA分担大部分增益来降低集总式拉曼放大器的增益，从而降低放大器的多径干涉，提升光纤放大器的性能；由于泵浦激光器有较大的相对强度噪声，拉曼光纤放大器如果采用前向泵浦，就会导致泵浦激光器的相对强度噪声向信号转移，从而导致较大的OSNR代价，而后向泵浦又会导致集总式拉曼光纤放大器的噪声指数较大，无法像EDFA那样在系统中大量应用。因此，本申请实施例通过将EDFA与集总式RFA相结合实现整个C+L-band的光纤放大器，一方面降低了成本，另一方面也大大提升了光纤放大器的性能。In the embodiment of this application, the lumped RFA can theoretically amplify the entire C+L-band, but due to the wider C+L-band, multiple pump wavelengths are required to achieve gain flatness, and multiple pump wavelengths Interaction and influence will occur in highly nonlinear fibers, which brings great difficulties to the gain flatness control of lumped Raman amplifiers; in addition, whether it is a lumped Raman fiber amplifier or a distributed Raman fiber amplifier, Raman gain cannot be too large, otherwise it will cause strong multipath interference. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application mainly uses EDFA to share most of the gain to reduce the gain of the lumped Raman amplifier, thereby reducing the multipath interference of the amplifier. Enhance the performance of the fiber amplifier; because the pump laser has a large relative intensity noise, if the Raman fiber amplifier adopts forward pumping, it will cause the relative intensity noise of the pump laser to transfer to the signal, resulting in a larger OSNR However, backward pumping will cause the noise index of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier to be relatively large, and it cannot be used in a large number of systems like EDFA. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application realizes the entire C+L-band fiber amplifier by combining the EDFA and the lumped RFA, which reduces the cost on the one hand, and greatly improves the performance of the fiber amplifier on the other hand.
本申请实施例的技术方案，基于上述EDFA与集总式RFA的光信号放大特点，提出一种集合上述EDFA与集总式RFA的光纤放大器。The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, based on the optical signal amplification characteristics of the above-mentioned EDFA and lumped RFA, proposes an optical fiber amplifier combining the above-mentioned EDFA and lumped RFA.
图1为本申请实施例提供的超宽带混合光纤放大器的结构示意图，如图1所示，本申请实施例的混合光纤放大器包括：掺铒光纤放大器1和集总式拉曼光纤放大器2，所述掺铒光纤放大器1包括输入端耦合器(第一耦合器)101、输入光电探测器(第一光电探测器)102、隔离器(第一隔离器)1031、第一泵浦/信号合波器104、泵浦激光器(第一泵浦光源)105、掺铒光纤106、输出端隔离器(第二隔离器)1032、第一增益平坦滤波器107、输出端耦合器(第二耦合器)108、输出光电探测器(第二光电探测器)109和输入端隔离器(第二隔离器)110；其中，输入端耦合器101的公共端连接输入光路，输入端耦合器101的第一分光比端(小分光比端)与输入光电探测器102连接，输入端耦合器101的第二分光比端(大分光比端)与主光路的隔离器1031输入端连接，隔离器1031的输出端与第一泵浦/信号合波器104的信号端连接，第一泵浦/信号合波器104的泵浦端与泵浦激光器105连接，所述第一泵浦/信号合波器104的公共端与掺铒光纤106连接，所述掺铒光纤106的输出端与输出端隔离器1032的输入端连接，输出端隔离器1032的输出端与EDFA部分的第一增益平坦滤波器107的输 入端连接，第一增益平坦滤波器107的输出端与输出端耦合器108的公共端连接、输出端耦合器108的第一分光比端与输出光电探测器109连接(该光电探测器同时也作为集总式拉曼光纤放大器2的输入探测)、输出端第二耦合器108的第二分光比端与集总式拉曼光纤放大器2的输入端隔离器110的输入端连接，输入端隔离器110的输出端与高非线性光纤或色散补偿光纤111的输入端连接，高非线性光纤或色散补偿光纤111的输出端与集总式拉曼光纤放大器2的第二泵浦/信号合波器112的公共端连接，第二泵浦/信号合波器112的反射端与泵浦激光器组(第二泵浦光源)113/114连接，第二泵浦/信号合波器112的透射端与集总式拉曼光纤放大器2的输出端隔离器(第三隔离器)115的输入端连接，输出端隔离器115的输出端与集总式拉曼光纤放大器的第二增益平坦滤波器116连接，第二增益平坦滤波器116的输出端作为本申请实施例的混合光纤放大器的输出端。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-wideband hybrid fiber amplifier provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in Fig. 1, the hybrid fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the present application includes: an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 1 and a lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2. The erbium-doped fiber amplifier 1 includes an input end coupler (first coupler) 101, an input photodetector (first photodetector) 102, an isolator (first isolator) 1031, a first pump/signal multiplexer 104, pump laser (first pump light source) 105, erbium-doped fiber 106, output isolator (second isolator) 1032, first gain flattening filter 107, output coupler (second coupler) 108. Output photodetector (second photodetector) 109 and input end isolator (second isolator) 110; among them, the common end of the input end coupler 101 is connected to the input optical path, and the first splitter of the input end coupler 101 The ratio end (small splitting ratio end) is connected to the input photodetector 102, the second splitting ratio end (large splitting ratio end) of the input end coupler 101 is connected to the input end of the isolator 1031 of the main optical path, and the output end of the isolator 1031 Is connected to the signal end of the first pump/signal multiplexer 104, the pump end of the first pump/signal multiplexer 104 is connected to the pump laser 105, and the first pump/signal multiplexer 104 The common end is connected to the erbium-doped fiber 106, the output end of the erbium-doped fiber 106 is connected to the input end of the output isolator 1032, and the output end of the output isolator 1032 is connected to the input of the first gain flattening filter 107 of the EDFA part The output end of the first gain flattening filter 107 is connected to the common end of the output coupler 108, and the first splitting ratio end of the output coupler 108 is connected to the output photodetector 109 (the photodetector is also used as The input detection of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2), the second splitting ratio end of the second coupler 108 at the output end is connected to the input end of the input end isolator 110 of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2, and the input end isolator The output end of 110 is connected to the input end of the highly nonlinear fiber or dispersion compensation fiber 111, and the output end of the highly nonlinear fiber or dispersion compensation fiber 111 is connected to the second pump/signal combiner of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2 112 is connected to the public end, the reflection end of the second pump/signal multiplexer 112 is connected to the pump laser group (second pump light source) 113/114, and the transmission end of the second pump/signal multiplexer 112 is connected to The input end of the output isolator (third isolator) 115 of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2 is connected, and the output end of the output isolator 115 is connected to the second gain flattening filter 116 of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier The output end of the second gain flattening filter 116 is used as the output end of the hybrid optical fiber amplifier in the embodiment of the present application.
本申请实施例中，掺铒光纤放大器1的增益要想实现整个C+L-band放大，必须集成相应的增益平坦滤波器(本申请实施例中设置第一增益平坦滤波器107)，在没有特殊滤波器的情况下，EDFA在整个C+L-band的增益谱的形状如图2中的曲线201所示，如图2所示，无论是最短波长还是最长波长的增益都无法通过调整泵浦光源的功率和光纤长度来进行补偿，而且这种增益谱型也很难通过拉曼增益的补偿实现平坦放大，在设置了增益平坦滤波器后的EDFA增益谱如图3中的曲线301所示，通过对光信号的增益平坦处理，拉曼增益的补偿实现了平坦放大。图4中的曲线401示出了集总式拉曼光纤放大器2的增益谱。In the embodiment of this application, if the gain of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 1 wants to realize the entire C+L-band amplification, the corresponding gain flattening filter must be integrated (the first gain flattening filter 107 is set in the embodiment of this application). In the case of a special filter, the shape of the gain spectrum of the EDFA in the entire C+L-band is shown in the curve 201 in Figure 2, as shown in Figure 2. The gain of either the shortest wavelength or the longest wavelength cannot be adjusted. The power of the pump light source and the length of the fiber are compensated, and this type of gain spectrum is difficult to achieve flat amplification through the compensation of Raman gain. The EDFA gain spectrum after the gain flat filter is set is shown in curve 301 in Figure 3. As shown, through the gain flat processing of the optical signal, the Raman gain compensation realizes flat amplification. The curve 401 in FIG. 4 shows the gain spectrum of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2.
通过控制单元3对本申请实施例的混合光纤放大器的增益的调整，本申请实施例的混合光纤放大器的增益谱如图5中的曲线所示，其中，曲线501为EDFA的增益谱，曲线502为拉曼增益谱，曲线503为拉曼+EDFA的总体增益谱。Through the adjustment of the gain of the hybrid fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the application by the control unit 3, the gain spectrum of the hybrid fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the application is shown as the curve in FIG. 5, where curve 501 is the gain spectrum of EDFA, and curve 502 is Raman gain spectrum, curve 503 is the overall gain spectrum of Raman+EDFA.
本申请实施例中，如图1所示，本申请实施例的混合光纤放大器还包括：第三耦合器117、第三光电探测器118和控制单元3；其中，控制单元3由CPU/FPGA及其外围电路构成。In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 1, the hybrid optical fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the present application further includes: a third coupler 117, a third photodetector 118, and a control unit 3; wherein, the control unit 3 is composed of a CPU/FPGA and Its peripheral circuit composition.
所述第三耦合器117的公共端与所述第二增益平坦滤波器116的输出端连接，所述第三耦合器117的第一分光比端与所述第三光电探测器118连接，所述第三耦合器117的第二分光比端与输出光路连接，所述第三耦合器117的第二分光比端作为本申请实施例的混合光纤放大器的输出端。The common end of the third coupler 117 is connected to the output end of the second gain flattening filter 116, and the first splitting ratio end of the third coupler 117 is connected to the third photodetector 118, so The second splitting ratio end of the third coupler 117 is connected to the output optical path, and the second splitting ratio end of the third coupler 117 serves as the output end of the hybrid optical fiber amplifier in the embodiment of the present application.
所述控制单元3与所述掺铒光纤放大器1及所述集总式拉曼光纤放大器2分别连接；The control unit 3 is connected to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 1 and the lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2 respectively;
所述控制单元3获取所述第一光电探测器102和所述第二光电探测器109检测出的光功率值，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，控制所述第一泵浦光源105的发光功率及发光频率；或者，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，对第一增益平坦滤波器107的增益放大参数进行调整，控制所述掺铒光纤放大器1的增益；The control unit 3 obtains the optical power values detected by the first photodetector 102 and the second photodetector 109, and controls the power of the first pump light source 105 according to the demand for the gain of the optical signal to be amplified. Luminous power and luminous frequency; or, according to the requirements of the gain to be amplified of the optical signal, the gain amplification parameters of the first gain flattening filter 107 are adjusted to control the gain of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 1;
所述控制单元3获取所述第二光电探测器109和所述第三光电探测器118检测出的光功率值，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，控制所述第二泵浦光源113/114的发光功率和/或发光频率；或者，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，对所述第二增益平坦滤波器116增益放大参数进行调整，控制所述集总式拉曼光纤放大器2的增益，从而可以实现对本申请实施例的混合光纤放大器总体增益的调整。The control unit 3 obtains the optical power values detected by the second photodetector 109 and the third photodetector 118, and controls the second pump light source 113/ according to the requirements of the optical signal to be amplified gain. 114 luminous power and/or luminous frequency; or, according to the requirements of the gain of the optical signal to be amplified, the gain amplification parameters of the second gain flattening filter 116 are adjusted to control the lumped Raman fiber amplifier 2 Therefore, the overall gain of the hybrid optical fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted.
作为优选的实施方式，所述泵浦激光器组为1455～1510nm的泵浦激光器，所述泵浦激光器组至少包含两种不同的泵浦波长，使得能够补偿由于本申请实施例的掺铒光纤放大器1在长波段L部分增益的严重不足。As a preferred embodiment, the pump laser group is a pump laser of 1455-1510 nm, and the pump laser group includes at least two different pump wavelengths, so that the erbium-doped fiber amplifier according to the embodiment of the present application can be compensated. 1 Severe lack of gain in the L part of the long-wave band.
本申请实施例中，所述高非线性光纤的增益波长范围为：1550～1570nm；优选为1560nm。In the embodiment of the present application, the gain wavelength range of the highly nonlinear optical fiber is: 1550 to 1570 nm; preferably, 1560 nm.
所述色散补偿光纤的增益波长范围为：1570～1580nm；优选为1575nm。The gain wavelength range of the dispersion compensation fiber is: 1570 to 1580 nm; preferably 1575 nm.
所述掺铒光纤的增益波长范围为：1530～1594nm；优选为1560nm。The gain wavelength range of the erbium-doped fiber is: 1530-1594nm; preferably 1560nm.
本申请实施例中，所述第一耦合器、第二耦合器和第三耦合器的第一分光比端的分光比范围为：25％～35％；所述第一耦合器、第二耦合器和第三耦合器的第二分光比端的分光比范围为：65％～75％。In the embodiment of the present application, the light splitting ratio of the first light splitting ratio end of the first coupler, the second coupler and the third coupler ranges from 25% to 35%; the first coupler and the second coupler The range of the light splitting ratio with the second light splitting ratio end of the third coupler is: 65% to 75%.
在实际应用中，由于EDFA部分对短波长区C-band放大效果比较理想，因此该混合放大器首先进行EDFA放大，EDFA放大后的信号再进行拉曼放大。由于本申请实施例的集总式拉曼光纤放大器采用的是非线性系数比较高的高非线性光纤或色散补偿光纤作为增益介质，EDFA放大的C-band信号在高非线性光纤中也会放大长波长信号，从而大大降低拉曼光纤放大的泵浦功率，提高了泵浦光源的转换效率，降低了成本。In practical applications, since the EDFA part has an ideal C-band amplification effect in the short-wavelength region, the hybrid amplifier first performs EDFA amplification, and the signal amplified by EDFA is then subjected to Raman amplification. Since the lumped Raman fiber amplifier of the embodiment of the present application uses a highly nonlinear fiber with a relatively high nonlinear coefficient or a dispersion compensation fiber as the gain medium, the C-band signal amplified by the EDFA will also be amplified in the highly nonlinear fiber. Wavelength signal, thereby greatly reducing the pump power amplified by the Raman fiber, improving the conversion efficiency of the pump light source, and reducing the cost.
综上，本申请实施例提供的超宽带混合光纤放大器中的EDFA与RFA的增益均可通过光电探测器的反馈控制，单独实现增益控制，增益调整相对简单。本申请实施例提供的混合光纤放大器可以根据预期放大要求，控制RFA和EDFA进行相应联合调整，达到了预期的调整效果。In summary, the gains of the EDFA and RFA in the ultra-wideband hybrid fiber amplifier provided by the embodiments of the present application can be controlled by the feedback of the photodetector, and the gain control can be realized separately, and the gain adjustment is relatively simple. The hybrid fiber amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present application can control the RFA and the EDFA to perform corresponding joint adjustments according to expected amplification requirements, and achieve the expected adjustment effect.
应理解，说明书通篇中提到的“一个实施例”或“一实施例”意味着与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本发明的至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书各处出现的“在一个实施例中”或“在实施例中”未必一定指相同的实施例。此外，这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。应理解，在本发明的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。上述本申请实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。It should be understood that “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” mentioned throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the appearance of "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and does not correspond to the embodiments of the present application. The implementation process constitutes any limitation. The serial numbers of the foregoing embodiments of the present application are for description only, and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或 者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that in this article, the terms "include", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, It also includes other elements that are not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to the process, method, article, or device. If there are no more restrictions, the element defined by the sentence "including a..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device that includes the element.
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的设备和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。以上所描述的设备实施例仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，如：多个单元或组件可以结合，或可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的各组成部分相互之间的耦合、或直接耦合、或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，设备或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性的、机械的或其它形式的。In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed device and method may be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented. In addition, the coupling, or direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms. of.
上述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是、或也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是、或也可以不是物理单元；既可以位于一个地方，也可以分布到多个网络单元上；可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units; Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
另外，在本发明各实施例中的各功能单元可以全部集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各单元分别单独作为一个单元，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中；上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用硬件加软件功能单元的形式实现。In addition, the functional units in the embodiments of the present invention can be all integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be individually used as a unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integration The unit can be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.
以上所述，仅为本发明的实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention. Covered in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

  1. 一种混合光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述混合光纤放大器包括：A hybrid optical fiber amplifier, characterized in that the hybrid optical fiber amplifier includes:
    掺铒光纤放大器，配置为对光路中的C及L波段的光信号进行放大，并滤除放大后的C及L波段的光信号中增益超过设定阈值的部分，使得向光路后端输出的C及L波段的光信号在各个信道的功率均衡；The erbium-doped fiber amplifier is configured to amplify the C and L band optical signals in the optical path, and filter out the part of the amplified C and L band optical signals whose gain exceeds the set threshold, so that the output to the back end of the optical path The power of C and L band optical signals in each channel is balanced;
    集总式拉曼光纤放大器，输入端通过高非线性光纤或色散补偿光纤与所述掺铒光纤放大器的输出端连接，配置为对输出的C及L波段的光信号中未被所述掺铒光纤放大器放大的光信号进行放大。Lumped Raman fiber amplifier, the input end is connected to the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier through a highly nonlinear fiber or dispersion compensation fiber, and is configured to output C and L-band optical signals that are not in the erbium-doped fiber amplifier. The optical signal amplified by the fiber amplifier is amplified.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述混合光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述掺铒光纤放大器包括第一耦合器、第一光电探测器、第一隔离器、第一泵浦/信号合波器、第一泵浦光源、第二隔离器、第一增益平坦滤波器、第二耦合器、第二光电探测器和第三隔离器，其中，The hybrid fiber amplifier of claim 1, wherein the erbium-doped fiber amplifier includes a first coupler, a first photodetector, a first isolator, a first pump/signal multiplexer, and a first pump PU light source, second isolator, first gain flattening filter, second coupler, second photodetector and third isolator, among which,
    所述第一耦合器的公共端与输入光路连接，所述第一耦合器的第一分光比端与所述第一光电探测器连接，所述第一耦合器的第二分光比端与所述第一隔离器的输入端连接，所述第一隔离器的输出端与所述第一泵浦/信号合波器的信号端连接，所述泵浦/信号合波器的泵浦端与所述第一泵浦光源连接，所述泵浦/信号合波器的公共端通过掺铒光纤与所述第二隔离器的输入端连接，所述第二隔离器的输出端与所述第一增益平坦滤波器的输入端连接，所述第一增益平坦滤波器的输出端与所述第二耦合器的公共端连接，所述第二耦合器的第一分光比端与所述第二光电探测器连接，所述第二耦合器的第二分光比端与所述第三隔离器的输入端连接，所述第三隔离器的输出端作为所述掺铒光纤放大器的输出端。The common end of the first coupler is connected to the input optical path, the first splitting ratio end of the first coupler is connected to the first photodetector, and the second splitting ratio end of the first coupler is connected to the The input end of the first isolator is connected, the output end of the first isolator is connected to the signal end of the first pump/signal multiplexer, and the pump end of the pump/signal multiplexer is connected to The first pump light source is connected, the common end of the pump/signal multiplexer is connected to the input end of the second isolator through an erbium-doped fiber, and the output end of the second isolator is connected to the first isolator. The input end of a gain flattening filter is connected, the output end of the first gain flattening filter is connected to the common end of the second coupler, and the first splitting ratio end of the second coupler is connected to the second The photodetector is connected, the second splitting ratio end of the second coupler is connected to the input end of the third isolator, and the output end of the third isolator is used as the output end of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述混合光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述集总式拉曼光纤放大器包括：第二泵浦/信号合波器、第二泵浦光源、第四隔离器和 第二增益平坦滤波器；其中，The hybrid fiber amplifier of claim 2, wherein the lumped Raman fiber amplifier comprises: a second pump/signal multiplexer, a second pump light source, a fourth isolator, and a second gain flattener Filter; where,
    所述第二泵浦/信号合波器的公共端通过所述高非线性光纤或色散补偿光纤与所述第三隔离器的输出端连接，所述第二泵浦/信号合波器的反射端与第二泵浦光源连接，所述泵浦/信号合波器的透射端与所述第四隔离器的输入端连接，所述隔离器的输出端与所述第二增益平坦滤波器的输入端连接，所述第二增益平坦滤波器的输出端作为所述集总式拉曼光纤放大器的输出端。The common end of the second pump/signal multiplexer is connected to the output end of the third isolator through the highly nonlinear fiber or dispersion compensation fiber, and the reflection of the second pump/signal multiplexer Terminal is connected to the second pump light source, the transmission terminal of the pump/signal multiplexer is connected to the input terminal of the fourth isolator, and the output terminal of the isolator is connected to the second gain flattening filter. The input end is connected, and the output end of the second gain flattening filter is used as the output end of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述混合光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述混合光纤放大器还包括：第三耦合器、第三光电探测器和控制单元；The hybrid optical fiber amplifier according to claim 3, wherein the hybrid optical fiber amplifier further comprises: a third coupler, a third photodetector, and a control unit;
    所述第三耦合器的公共端与所述第二增益平坦滤波器的输出端连接，所述第三耦合器的第一分光比端与所述第三光电探测器连接，所述第三耦合器的第二分光比端与输出光路连接；The common end of the third coupler is connected to the output end of the second gain flattening filter, the first splitting ratio end of the third coupler is connected to the third photodetector, and the third coupling The second splitting ratio end of the device is connected to the output optical path;
    所述控制单元与所述掺铒光纤放大器及所述集总式拉曼光纤放大器分别连接；The control unit is respectively connected to the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and the lumped Raman fiber amplifier;
    所述控制单元获取所述第一光电探测器和所述第二光电探测器检测出的光功率值，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，控制所述第一泵浦光源的发光功率及发光频率；或者，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，对第一增益平坦滤波器增益放大参数进行调整，控制所述掺铒光纤放大器的增益；The control unit obtains the optical power values detected by the first photodetector and the second photodetector, and controls the luminous power and luminescence of the first pump light source according to the requirements of the gain to be amplified of the optical signal Frequency; or, according to the requirements of the gain to be amplified of the optical signal, adjust the gain amplification parameters of the first gain flattening filter to control the gain of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier;
    所述控制单元获取所述第二光电探测器和所述第三光电探测器检测出的光功率值，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，控制所述第二泵浦光源的发光功率和/或发光频率；或者，根据光信号的待放大增益的需求，对所述第二增益平坦滤波器增益放大参数进行调整，控制所述集总式拉曼光纤放大器的增益。The control unit obtains the optical power values detected by the second photodetector and the third photodetector, and controls the luminous power and/ Or the luminous frequency; or, according to the requirement of the gain to be amplified of the optical signal, the gain amplification parameter of the second gain flattening filter is adjusted to control the gain of the lumped Raman fiber amplifier.
  5. 根据权利要求2至4任一项所述的混合光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述第一泵浦光源和第二泵浦光源包括波长范围为1455～1510nm的泵浦激 光器。The hybrid fiber amplifier according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first pump light source and the second pump light source comprise pump lasers with a wavelength range of 1455 to 1510 nm.
  6. 根据权利要求2至4任一项所述的混合光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述高非线性光纤的增益波长范围为：1550～1570nm；The hybrid optical fiber amplifier according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the gain wavelength range of the highly nonlinear optical fiber is: 1550 to 1570 nm;
    所述色散补偿光纤的增益波长范围为：1570～1580nm；The gain wavelength range of the dispersion compensation fiber is: 1570 to 1580 nm;
    所述掺铒光纤的增益波长范围为：1530～1594nm。The gain wavelength range of the erbium-doped fiber is 1530-1594 nm.
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的混合光纤放大器，其特征在于，所述第一耦合器、第二耦合器和第三耦合器的第一分光比端的分光比范围为：25％～35％；所述第一耦合器、第二耦合器和第三耦合器的第二分光比端的分光比范围为：65％～75％。The hybrid optical fiber amplifier according to claim 4, wherein the light splitting ratio of the first light splitting ratio end of the first coupler, the second coupler and the third coupler ranges from 25% to 35%; The range of the light splitting ratio of the second light splitting ratio end of the first coupler, the second coupler and the third coupler is 65% to 75%.
  8. 一种光信号放大方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：采用权利要求1至7中任一项所述的混合光纤放大器对光路中的C及L波段的光信号进行功率放大。An optical signal amplifying method, characterized in that the method comprises: using the hybrid optical fiber amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to power amplify the optical signals in the C and L bands in the optical path.
  9. 一种光通信系统，所述光通信系统支持C+L波段光信号的处理，所述光通信系统中的光纤放大器的结构采用权利要求1至7中任一项所述的混合光纤放大器的结构。An optical communication system, the optical communication system supports the processing of C+L band optical signals, and the structure of the optical fiber amplifier in the optical communication system adopts the structure of the hybrid optical fiber amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .
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