WO2021232441A1

WO2021232441A1 - Laser engraving machine

Info

Publication number: WO2021232441A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/092105
Authority: WO
Inventors: 叶生山
Original assignee: 叶生山
Priority date: 2020-05-22
Filing date: 2020-05-25
Publication date: 2021-11-25
Also published as: CN212286312U

Abstract

A laser engraving machine. The laser engraving machine comprises: a main body (1); an X-axis movement assembly (2), the X-axis movement assembly (2) comprising a sliding support (21), a first motor (22), a first transmission assembly and a first shaft (27), the first motor (22) being mounted on the sliding support (21), the sliding support (21) and the first shaft (27) being slidably fitted such that the first shaft (27) can move in a first direction (X) relative to the sliding support (21); a Y-axis movement assembly (3), the Y-axis movement assembly (3) comprising a second motor (31), a second transmission assembly and a second shaft (36), the second motor (31) and the second shaft (36) being fixedly mounted on the main body (1), the second motor (31) being able to drive, by means of the second transmission assembly, the X-axis movement assembly (2) to move in a second direction (Y); and a laser emission assembly (4), the laser emission assembly (4) being fixedly connected to the first shaft (27), and the first motor (22) being able to drive the first shaft (27) to drive the laser emission assembly (4) to move. The laser emission assembly (4) is fixedly connected to the first shaft (27), such that the laser emission assembly (4) does not need a transmission assembly, thus having a light weight and small volume. When the laser emission assembly (4) moves, the stability of the laser engraving machine is easily maintained.

Description

Laser engraving machine

Technical field

This application belongs to the field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a laser engraving machine.

Background technique

With the development of industrial technology, the advantages of using laser as a processing tool have gradually become prominent. The rapid development of laser technology and its applications has been combined with multiple disciplines to develop multiple application technology fields, such as laser processing technology, laser detection and measurement technology, laser chemistry, laser medical treatment, laser guidance, etc. These technologies influence each other and develop together , Has promoted more in-depth research and application of laser. Among them, laser processing technology is a technology that uses laser beams to act on materials to perform cutting, welding, surface treatment, and drilling on the materials. Low-power semiconductor laser has the advantages of low price and small size. It can cut and engrave patterns on plastic, wood and other materials that are easy to process.

The existing semiconductor laser engraving machine uses a 450nm blue semiconductor laser diode as a processing light source, and forms a focal point on the material to be processed after passing through a lens. The micro-controller controls the motor to drive the laser light source to move and control the brightness of the laser light source, which can form an expected light spot on the material to be processed, thereby realizing cutting and engraving patterns.

As shown in Figure 1, CN107175411A discloses a laser engraving machine, which includes a laser 10a, an x-axis drive motor 20a, a y-axis drive motor 30a, an x-axis guide rail 40a, and a y-axis guide rail 50a. The x-axis guide rail 40a and the y-axis guide rail 50a are perpendicular to each other, the laser 10a is slidably arranged on the x-axis guide 40a, the x-axis drive motor 20a drives the laser 10a to slide along the x-axis guide 40a, and the y-axis drive motor 30a drives the x-axis guide 40a along the The y-axis guide 50a slides. The laser 10a slides on the x-axis guide 40a, and the x-axis guide 40a slides on the y-axis guide 50a, so that the laser 10a can move to any point on the plane. The efficiency of the semiconductor laser diode in the laser 10a is only about 30%, and higher temperatures are generated during operation.

As shown in Figure 2, CN210498825U discloses a laser engraving machine, which includes a laser 10b, an x-axis drive motor 20b, a y-axis drive motor 30b, an x-axis guide rail 40b, and a y-axis guide rail 50b. The y-axis guide rail 50b forms a frame shape, two y-axis drive motors 30b are provided, and the two y-axis drive motors 30b jointly drive the x-axis guide rail 40b to move. The laser 10b is slidably arranged on the x-axis guide 40b, and the x-axis drive motor 20b drives the laser 10b to slide along the x-axis guide 40b. This kind of structure is stable and not easy to shake, can carry high-power laser, and the engraving area can be larger, but the frame structure causes the volume of the whole machine to be larger, and it is more troublesome to place the processing materials.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this application is to propose a laser engraving machine so that the laser engraving machine can have a smaller volume while maintaining stable operation.

This application proposes a laser engraving machine, and the laser engraving machine includes:

main body;

An X-axis motion assembly, the X-axis motion assembly includes a sliding bracket, a first motor, a first transmission assembly, and a first shaft, the first motor is mounted on the sliding bracket, and the first shaft extends in a first direction , The sliding support and the first shaft are in sliding fit so that the first shaft can move in the first direction relative to the sliding support;

Y-axis motion assembly, the Y-axis motion assembly includes a second motor, a second transmission assembly, and a second shaft. The second motor and the second shaft are fixedly mounted on the main body, and the second shaft is along the first axis. Extending in two directions, the second direction and the first direction are perpendicular to each other, the sliding bracket is slidingly engaged with the second shaft, and the second motor can drive the X-axis to move through the second transmission assembly The component moves along the second direction;

A laser emitting component, the laser emitting component is fixedly connected to the first shaft, and the first motor can drive the first shaft through the first transmission component to drive the laser emitting component to move in the first direction .

Preferably, the laser emitting assembly includes a laser diode, a heat sink, and a heat sink bracket, the laser diode is connected to the heat sink, the heat sink bracket is closely attached to the first shaft, and the heat sink bracket It fits closely with the radiator.

Preferably, the laser emitting assembly further includes a heat dissipation fan, the heat dissipation fan is arranged on the surface of the heat sink, and the rotation of the heat dissipation fan can cause air to flow through the heat sink.

Preferably, the laser emitting component further includes a laser emitting component housing, the laser diode, the radiator, the radiator bracket and the heat dissipation fan are arranged inside the laser emitting component housing, and the laser emitting component The component housing is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged opposite to each other.

Preferably, the laser emitting assembly further includes a filter cartridge made of a transparent or translucent material capable of filtering at least part of the strong blue light, the filter cartridge is cylindrical, and the filter cartridge It can surround the light emitted by the laser diode.

Preferably, the laser emitting assembly further includes a filter cartridge holder, the filter cartridge is sleeved on the filter cartridge holder, and the filter cartridge and the filter cartridge holder are slidably connected.

Preferably, the first transmission assembly includes a first synchronous wheel and a first synchronous belt, the first synchronous wheel is connected to the output shaft of the first motor, and the first synchronous belt is connected to the first shaft , The first timing belt is engaged with the first timing wheel, so that the first shaft can be driven to drive the laser emitting assembly to move via the first timing belt.

Preferably, the first transmission assembly further includes a first driven wheel, and the smooth surface of the first driven wheel and the first synchronous belt is pressed into contact with each other, so that the first synchronous belt is kept in a tensioned state.

Preferably, the second transmission assembly includes a second synchronous wheel, a second driven wheel and a second synchronous belt, the second synchronous wheel is connected to the output shaft of the second motor, and the second driven wheel can rotate Ground is connected to the main body, and the second timing belt is sleeved on the second timing wheel and the second driven wheel.

Preferably, the first axis and the second axis are optical axes,

The X-axis movement assembly further includes a first linear bearing fixedly connected to the sliding bracket and slidingly fitted with the first shaft;

The Y-axis movement assembly further includes a second linear bearing fixedly connected to the sliding bracket and slidingly fitted with the second shaft.

By adopting the above technical solutions, this application can obtain at least one of the following beneficial effects:

(1) The laser emitting component is fixedly connected to the first shaft, so that the laser emitting component does not have to have a transmission component, and the laser emitting component can be lighter in weight and smaller in volume. When the laser emitting assembly moves, it is easy to keep the center of gravity of the laser engraving machine within the range of the main body, and to keep the laser engraving machine stable.

(2) The radiator is in close contact with the first axis, and heat is dissipated outside the first axis to improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

(3) At least part of the strong blue light emitted by the laser diode is filtered by the light shielding tube, which can protect the eyes.

(4) The transmission components are arranged inside the main body, and the high-speed rotating components will not be touched when the laser engraving machine is running, which is safer and more beautiful at the same time.

(5) The service life and movement accuracy of the equipment can be improved through the linear bearing and the optical axis coordinated guidance.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser engraving machine in the prior art.

Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of another prior art laser engraving machine.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a laser engraving machine according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the laser engraving machine from another angle according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a laser engraving machine according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the laser engraving machine from another angle according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 shows a partial enlarged view of a laser engraving machine according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 shows an exploded view of a laser emitting component of a laser engraving machine according to an embodiment of the present application.

Description of Reference Signs

1 main body

2 X-axis motion components 21 sliding bracket 22 first motor 23 first synchronous wheel 24 first passive wheel 25 first synchronous belt 26 first linear bearing 27 first axis 271 first synchronous belt fixing part

3 Y-axis motion component 31 Second motor 32 Second synchronous wheel 33 Second passive wheel 34 Second synchronous belt 35 Second linear bearing 36 Second axis

4Laser emitting components41Laser diode 4911 Air inlet 492 Lower shell of laser emitting assembly 4921 Air outlet

5 rows

X first direction Y second direction.

Detailed ways

In order to more clearly illustrate the above objectives, features, and advantages of the application, specific implementations of the application are described in detail in this section with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition to the various embodiments described in this section, this application can also be implemented in other different ways. Those skilled in the art can make corresponding improvements, modifications, and replacements without departing from the spirit of the application. Therefore, this application It is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed in this section. The scope of protection of this application shall be subject to the claims.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 8, this application proposes a laser engraving machine, which includes a main body 1, an X-axis movement component 2, a Y-axis movement component 3, and a laser emission component 4. The X-axis movement component 2 is connected to the Y-axis movement component 3, and the laser emission component 4 is fixedly connected to the X-axis movement component 2, and the laser emission component 4 can move along the first direction X along with the X-axis movement component 2. The Y-axis movement component 3 is connected to the main body 1. The Y-axis movement component 3 can drive the X-axis movement component 2 to move in the second direction Y, and the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other. The main body 1 may be a shell formed by injection molding, so that the overall weight of the laser engraving machine is relatively light.

(X-axis motion component)

As shown in Figures 3 to 7, the X-axis motion assembly 2 includes a sliding bracket 21, a first motor 22, a first synchronous wheel 23, a first driven wheel 24, a first synchronous belt 25, a first linear bearing 26, and a first synchronous wheel. One shaft 27.

The first motor 22 is fixedly connected to the sliding bracket 21, the first synchronization wheel 23 is installed on the output shaft of the first motor 22, the output shaft of the first motor 22 extends in the vertical direction, and the vertical direction is the same as the first direction X and the second direction. The directions Y are all vertical. The first linear bearing 26 is fixedly connected to the sliding bracket 21, the first linear bearing 26 is sleeved on the first shaft 27, and the first shaft 27 extends along the first direction X. The first shaft 27 may be an optical axis through the first shaft 27. The linear bearing 26 and the optical axis are coordinated and guided to improve the service life and movement accuracy of the equipment.

Both ends of the first shaft 27 are provided with first timing belt fixing members 271. The first timing belt fixing members 271 clamp both ends of the first timing belt 25 so that the first timing belt 25 can maintain a tensioned state. The laser emitting assembly 4 may be located at the end of the first shaft 27, and the first timing belt fixing member 271 may be formed on the laser emitting assembly housing 49 described later. The outer peripheral surface of the first synchronous wheel 23 is provided with tooth grooves, one side surface of the first synchronous belt 25 is provided with tooth grooves, and the other side surface is a smooth surface. The tooth grooves of the first synchronous wheel 23 and the tooth grooves of the first synchronous belt 25 To mesh with each other.

Preferably, the first timing belt fixing member 271 may be provided with tooth grooves, and the first timing belt fixing member 271 can be clamped by the tooth grooves of the first timing belt fixing member 271 and the first timing belt 25 being meshed with each other. The first timing belt 25 is not easy to be misplaced or disengaged.

The first passive wheel 24 is rotatably connected to the sliding bracket 21. The first passive wheel 24 and the first synchronous wheel 23 are at the same height, so that the first synchronous belt 25 arranged horizontally can be synchronized with the first passive wheel 24 and the first synchronous belt. Wheel 23 cooperates. There may be two first passive wheels 24, and the two first passive wheels 24 and the first synchronous wheel 23 are arranged on both sides of the first synchronous wheel 23 in a triangular arrangement. The smooth surface of the first passive wheel 24 and the first synchronous belt 25 is pressed into contact with each other, and the first passive wheel 24 can help the first synchronous belt 25 to be tensioned. In addition, the first timing belt 25 and the first timing wheel 23 can be more in contact with each other, and more teeth can be meshed with each other, so as to prevent the first timing belt 25 and the first timing wheel 23 from slipping. When the first motor 22 is working, the first shaft 27 can be slid in the first direction X through the transmission of the first synchronous wheel 23 and the first synchronous belt 25.

(Y-axis motion component)

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 7, the Y-axis movement assembly 3 includes a second motor 31, a second synchronous wheel 32, a second driven wheel 33, a second synchronous belt 34, a second linear bearing 35 and a second shaft 36.

The second motor 31 is fixedly connected to the main body 1, the second synchronous wheel 32 is mounted on the output shaft of the second motor 31, and the output shaft of the second motor 31 extends in the horizontal direction. The second driven wheel 33 is rotatably connected to the main body 1, and the rotating shaft of the second driven wheel 33 and the output shaft of the second motor 31 are parallel to each other and on the same horizontal plane. The outer peripheral surfaces of the second synchronous wheel 32 and the second driven wheel 33 are provided with tooth grooves. One side surface of the second synchronous belt 34 is provided with tooth grooves, and the other side surface is a smooth surface. The second synchronous belt 34 is formed in a closed loop shape, and the second synchronous belt 34 is sleeved on the second synchronous wheel 32 and the second driven wheel 33 and maintains a tensioned state. The tooth grooves of the second synchronous wheel 32 and the second driven wheel 33 mesh with the tooth grooves of the second synchronous belt 34, and the second synchronous wheel 33 and the second synchronous wheel 32 can rotate synchronously through the transmission of the second synchronous belt 34.

The second shaft 36 is fixedly connected to the main body 1, the second shaft 36 extends in the second direction Y, the second linear bearing 35 is connected to the sliding bracket 21, the second linear bearing 35 is sleeved on the second shaft 36, and the sliding bracket 21 is fixedly connected于二synchronous belt 34. The second shaft 36 may be an optical shaft, and the service life and movement accuracy of the device can be improved by the cooperation of the second linear bearing 35 with the optical shaft. When the second motor 31 rotates, the sliding bracket 21 can slide in the second direction Y, so that the X-axis moving assembly 2 and the laser emitting assembly 4 move together in the second direction Y.

(Laser emission components)

As shown in Figures 3 to 5 and Figure 8, the laser emitting assembly 4 includes a laser diode 41, a filter tube 42, a filter tube holder 43, a radiator 44, a radiator holder 45, a cooling fan 46, a focusing lens 47, and a laser The driving circuit board 48 and the laser emitting component housing 49.

The laser emitting component housing 49 includes a laser emitting component upper case 491 and a laser emitting component lower case 492, and the laser emitting component upper case 491 and the laser emitting component lower case 492 are buckled together. The laser diode 41, the radiator 44, the radiator bracket 45, the cooling fan 46, the focusing lens 47, and the laser driving circuit board 48 are all arranged inside the laser emitting assembly housing 49. The upper shell 491 of the laser emitting assembly is provided with an air inlet 4911, and the lower shell 492 of the laser emitting assembly is provided with an outlet 4921. The inlet 4911 and the outlet 4921 can be arranged oppositely to make the air convection, which is helpful for the laser The diode 41 dissipates heat.

The laser driving circuit board 48 is installed inside the housing 49 of the laser emitting assembly. The laser driving circuit board 48 can be used to drive the cooling fan 46 to rotate and control the luminous intensity of the laser diode 41. The main body 1 is also provided with a control main board and a motor drive board. The laser drive circuit board 48 can be connected to the control main board through a flexible cable 5, and the motor drive board can be connected to the first motor 22 and/or through a flexible cable 5 The second motor 31.

The laser diode 41 is fixedly connected to the heat sink 44. Preferably, the heat sink 44 may also have a number of fin-shaped heat dissipation fins 441. The heat dissipation fins 441 may be made of a material with good thermal conductivity, such as copper. 441 helps to quickly diffuse heat into the atmosphere.

The radiator bracket 45 is sleeved on the end of the first shaft 27, and the radiator bracket 45 is in close contact with the first shaft 27. The heat dissipating fan 46 is installed between the upper housing 491 of the laser emitting assembly and the laser driving circuit board 48, for example, the heat sink 44, the heat sink bracket 45 and the heat dissipating fan 46 are squeezed and fixed by the laser emitting assembly housing 49. The radiator bracket 45 and the radiator 44 are both arranged between the cooling fan 46 and the laser emitting component housing 49. The radiator 44 is pressed against the laser emitting component housing 49, and the radiator 44 is in close contact with the radiator holder 45, so that Heat is easily conducted between the radiator bracket 45, the radiator 44, and the first shaft 27.

It can be understood that the heat generated by the laser diode 41 can be transferred to the air through the heat sink bracket 45, the heat sink 44, and the first shaft 27. In a possible implementation, the first shaft 27 may be made of copper or aluminum materials, such as copper alloys or aluminum alloys, so that the heat transfer efficiency can be higher. By dissipating heat from the first shaft 27 and the radiator 44 together, the radiator 44 can be made smaller and lighter, so that the weight of the laser emitting assembly 4 is lighter, and the stability of the laser engraving machine is better.

It can be understood that, compared to the main body 1 provided with components such as the first motor 22, the second motor 31, etc., the laser emitting assembly 4 does not have to have transmission components, so it is lighter in weight and smaller in size, and can also facilitate laser emission. Component 4 is disassembled for cleaning and maintenance. In particular, heat is dissipated by the first shaft 27 and the heat sink 44 together, so that the heat sink 44 is lighter. Therefore, the laser engraving machine of the present application has better stability and can make the center of gravity fall within the range of the main body 1.

Through the rotation of the cooling fan 46, air can enter the laser emitting assembly housing 49 from the air inlet 4911, flow through the radiator 44 and the laser diode 41, and then flow out from the air outlet 4921 to achieve the effect of rapid heat dissipation.

The focusing lens 47 is arranged on the front side of the laser diode 41 so that the light emitted by the laser diode 41 can be focused on the material to be processed via the focusing lens 47. The filter tube holder 43 can be mounted on the focusing lens 47, and the filter tube 42 is cylindrical. For example, the filter tube 42 is cylindrical, the laser diode 41 may be located at one end of the filter tube 42, and the light emitted by the laser diode 41 can be emitted from the other end of the filter tube 42 along the axial direction of the filter tube 42. The filter tube 42 is sleeved on the filter tube holder 43, and the filter tube 42 can surround the light emitted by the laser diode 41. The filter cartridge 42 can slide on the filter cartridge holder 43 along the axial direction of the filter cartridge 42 to adjust the height of the filter cartridge 42 so that the filter cartridge 42 can be close to the material to be processed.

The filter cartridge 42 may be made of a transparent or translucent material capable of filtering at least part of the strong blue light, for example, made of a green transparent or translucent material. The filter cartridge 42 can filter at least part of the strong blue light emitted by the laser diode 41, for example, light with a wavelength of 400 nm to 440 nm, so as to protect the eyes. In this way, you can watch the engraving effect in real time when using the laser engraving machine, and there is no need to wear special anti-blue glasses.

It can be understood that although in the above-mentioned embodiment, the X-axis movement assembly 2 and the Y-axis movement assembly 3 both include a timing belt and a timing wheel to achieve transmission, they are only the constituent parts of the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly of the present application. For example, the application is not limited to this, and other transmission methods can be used instead. For example, the first synchronous belt and the first synchronous wheel can be replaced by racks and gears, chains and sprockets.

Claims

A laser engraving machine, characterized in that, the laser engraving machine includes:

Main body (1);

The X-axis motion component (2), the X-axis motion component (2) includes a sliding bracket (21), a first motor (22), a first transmission component and a first shaft (27), the first motor (22) ) Is mounted on the sliding bracket (21), the first shaft (27) extends in a first direction (X), and the sliding bracket (21) and the first shaft (27) are slidingly matched so that the first shaft (27) A shaft (27) can move in the first direction (X) relative to the sliding bracket (21);

Y-axis motion assembly (3), the Y-axis motion assembly (3) includes a second motor (31), a second transmission assembly, a second shaft (36), the second motor (31) and the second A shaft (36) is fixedly installed on the main body (1), the second shaft (36) extends along a second direction (Y), and the second direction (Y) and the first direction (X) are perpendicular to each other , The sliding bracket (21) is in sliding engagement with the second shaft (36), and the second motor (31) can drive the X-axis movement assembly (2) along the first transmission assembly through the second transmission assembly. Two-direction (Y) movement;

A laser emitting component (4), the laser emitting component (4) is fixedly connected to the first shaft (27), and the first motor (22) can drive the first shaft ( 27) Drive the laser emitting assembly (4) to move along the first direction (X).
The laser engraving machine according to claim 1, wherein the laser emitting assembly (4) comprises a laser diode (41), a heat sink (44) and a heat sink bracket (45), and the laser diode (41) Connected to the radiator (44), the radiator bracket (45) and the first shaft (27) are closely attached, and the radiator bracket (45) and the radiator (44) are closely attached .
The laser engraving machine according to claim 2, wherein the laser emitting assembly (4) further comprises a heat dissipation fan (46), and the heat dissipation fan (46) is arranged on the surface of the heat sink (44), The rotation of the radiating fan (46) enables air to flow through the radiator (44).
The laser engraving machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the laser emitting assembly (4) further comprises a laser emitting assembly housing (49), the laser diode (41), the heat sink (44), and the The radiator bracket (45) and the cooling fan (46) are arranged inside the laser emitting assembly shell (49), and the laser emitting assembly shell (49) is provided with an air inlet (4911) and an air outlet (4921), the air inlet hole (4911) and the air outlet hole (4921) are arranged oppositely.
The laser engraving machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, the laser emitting assembly (4) further comprises a filter tube (42), and the filter tube (42) is made of a transparent filter capable of filtering at least part of the strong blue light. Or made of translucent material, the filter tube (42) is cylindrical, and the filter tube (42) can surround the light emitted by the laser diode (41).
The laser engraving machine according to claim 5, wherein the laser emitting assembly (4) further comprises a filter cartridge holder (43), and the filter cartridge (42) is sleeved on the filter cartridge holder (43), the filter cartridge (42) and the filter cartridge holder (43) can be slidably connected.
The laser engraving machine according to claim 1, wherein the first transmission assembly includes a first synchronization wheel (23) and a first synchronization belt (25), and the first synchronization wheel (23) is connected to the The output shaft of the first motor (22), the first timing belt (25) is connected to the first shaft (27), the first timing belt (25) and the first timing wheel (23) Meshing, so that the first shaft (27) can be driven to move the laser emitting assembly (4) via the first timing belt (25).
The laser engraving machine according to claim 7, wherein the first transmission assembly further comprises a first passive wheel (24), the first passive wheel (24) and the first timing belt (25) The smooth surface of the squeezing contact keeps the first timing belt (25) in a tensioned state.
The laser engraving machine according to claim 1, wherein the second transmission assembly includes a second synchronous wheel (32), a second passive wheel (33) and a second synchronous belt (34), the second The synchronous wheel (32) is connected to the output shaft of the second motor (31), the second driven wheel (33) is rotatably connected to the main body (1), and the second synchronous belt (34) sets It is arranged on the second synchronous wheel (32) and the second passive wheel (33).
The laser engraving machine according to claim 1, wherein the first axis (27) and the second axis (36) are optical axes,

The X-axis movement assembly (2) further includes a first linear bearing (26) fixedly connected to the sliding bracket (21) and slidingly fitted with the first shaft (27);

The Y-axis movement assembly (3) also includes a second linear bearing (35) fixedly connected to the sliding bracket (21) and slidingly fitted with the second shaft (36).