WO2021224643A1 - Appareil de réinhalation - Google Patents

Appareil de réinhalation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021224643A1
WO2021224643A1 PCT/GB2021/051115 GB2021051115W WO2021224643A1 WO 2021224643 A1 WO2021224643 A1 WO 2021224643A1 GB 2021051115 W GB2021051115 W GB 2021051115W WO 2021224643 A1 WO2021224643 A1 WO 2021224643A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inhale
exhale
housing
fan
face mask
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2021/051115
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Christopher STREET
Original Assignee
Dive Systems Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dive Systems Limited filed Critical Dive Systems Limited
Publication of WO2021224643A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021224643A1/fr

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    • A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
    • A61M16/0883—Circuit type
    • A61M16/0891—Closed circuit, e.g. for anaesthesia
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    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0045—Means for re-breathing exhaled gases, e.g. for hyperventilation treatment
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to closed circuit rebreathing apparatus.
  • embodiments of the invention relate to closed-circuit medical breathing apparatus for assisting breathing of patients with respiratory conditions, in particular to smaller, preferably portable, non-invasive devices.
  • Such apparatus can also be used by healthy people in potentially toxic environments, e.g. in silos or down mines.
  • a closed-circuit breathing apparatus or a non- invasive ventilator apparatus, comprising:
  • the apparatus may also include a means for assisting air flow for exhale or inhale, or both.
  • This could be an autonomous unit such as a fan with a rechargeable battery.
  • the apparatus may also include one or more bacterial and/or viral filters in the air flow for exhale or inhale, or both, for removing pathogens or other contaminants.
  • a filter can be located, for instance, at the inhale end or the exhale end of the apparatus, or both.
  • the housing can be a flexible bag, conveniently in the form of a rucksack, or a rigid cuboidal box akin to a suitcase, which could also be wearable, or it could have handles or heels for ease of transport.
  • the apparatus should be wearable and/or portable, e.g. for use in hazardous environments or (in a medical setting) for ease of following a patient.
  • the CO 2 capture section also commonly known as a "scrubber” section, can be a generally cylindrical unit. It may have a fan at one end constituting the means for assisting air flow. The fan may be controllable in response to the condition of the patient. It can be designed to operate continuously, assisting breathing, or intermittently when weak breathing is detected, or controllable manually by medical staff, for instance. A controller would generally be included with the apparatus, integral or separate.
  • Non-return valves are typically present in the mask to ensure that the assistance pressure is in the correct direction for both inhale and exhale, though they could also be present in the apparatus itself.
  • the apparatus will also generally include a power source such as a rechargeable battery for running the fan and any electronics in the apparatus.
  • the scrubber can be a commercially available canister, typically containing soda lime, as is used for closed-circuit rebreathers (CCRs) in diving, for instance.
  • the apparatus may be provided with one or more sensors for Cy, CCy and/or other gases, to monitor levels for optimum breathing of the patient.
  • the one or more sensors may be provided in one of the end caps, typically at the inhale end.
  • the apparatus will usually include at least one counterlung, in some embodiments both inhale and exhale counterlungs, i.e. inflatable bags for the patient to breathe against, as it were, to even out the flow of air.
  • the counterlung is advantageously also contained within the housing.
  • the housing while rigid, is expandable in concertina fashion, under elastic restraint, so that the housing exerts a force on the counterlung. This can be achieved by having the housing in the form of a base and a lid, with guide means allowing the lid to move away from and toward the base, and elastic straps hold the two parts together.
  • NMV non- invasive ventilation
  • the apparatus may be employed to contain contaminants exhaled by the user, preventing the contaminants from being released to the environment external to the apparatus.
  • the apparatus may be worn by a person suffering from an infectious disease, thereby protecting medical personnel caring for that person.
  • embodiments of the invention may be employed as personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect a wearer (such as medical or other personnel) from contaminants external to the apparatus.
  • PPE personal protective equipment
  • a wearer such as medical or other personnel
  • they may be worn by medical personnel treating an infected person or other persons having close contact with the infected person, such as ambulance or taxi drivers or other personnel.
  • closed-circuit medical / personal protection equipment (PPE) breathing apparatus has a housing with inhale and exhale ports, to be connected to a face mask; a CCq capture section or scrubber between the inhale and exhale ports, for removing carbon dioxide; and an inlet port for topping up with oxygen from a cylinder.
  • a fan is installed within the housing for assisting exhale and inhale, and virus/bacteria filters are optionally provided at each end.
  • At least one counterlung is also located in the housing.
  • the apparatus may provide breathing assistance while keeping a hospital or other surrounding environment uncontaminated, or for operations in hazardous environments it can be made portable or wearable.
  • Figure 1 is a picture of a medical CCR apparatus embodying the invention, with an oxygen cylinder attached;
  • Figure 2 is a diagram showing the principal parts of the apparatus ;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the gas flows associated with the apparatus
  • Figure 4 is a partially cut-away view showing the fan and sensors
  • Figure 5 is a variant embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a diagram of a face mask that can be used with embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 7-16 show various views of a second embodiment of the invention, with Figure 15 showing the complete apparatus and the other diagrams the base section and contents.
  • FIG. 1 shows an apparatus embodying the invention.
  • the breathing apparatus 1 has a bag 10 containing the working parts, described below.
  • At the top in the diagram are the inhale and exhale hoses 30, 31, to be fitted to a face mask.
  • a canister 20 containing a breathing gas other than oxygen may be provided in some embodiments.
  • Figure 2 shows the principal parts of the apparatus, namely inhale and exhale parts or components 40 and 50, and a scrubber section 60.
  • the exhale component 40 consists of a filter 42, a counterlung 44, and a connector 46 leading to the scrubber.
  • the inhale section 50 is similarly constructed, with a filter 52, a counterlung 54 and a connector 56 leading from the scrubber.
  • the exhale section also has a gas input hose 21 connected to it at the connector, for feeding in oxygen during use.
  • the connector 56 of the inhale side may have a similar connection facility, but it is not used in normal operation, only during maintenance.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic view, partly in section, of the device when in use, showing the air flows. Exhaled air passes through the exhaust hose 30 through the corresponding filter 42 into the exhale counterlung 44.
  • the counterlungs are shown as solid boxlike containers, but they each have an internal inflatable bag of antibacterial/antiviral material acting as a buffer for the patient to breathe with.
  • the exhale counterlung also has an overpressure valve for safety.
  • the exhale counterlung exhaled breath which will be reduced in oxygen content from about 21% to about 16%, passes through the connector 46 into the exhale-side scrubber cap 62. As it passes through the connector 46 it acquires an addition of oxygen from the gas input hose 21, via an inlet 47.
  • the inlet may be referred to as a port, or inlet port. It is assisted on its way by a fan 80 (see Fig. 4) in the exhale scrubber cap.
  • the fan increases pressure on the inhale side and decreases it on the exhale side, by about 1-2%, typically 1.5%, or 100 Pa. This assists both breathing IN and breathing OUT.
  • gas pressure that has built up at the inhale end of the apparatus during the exhale cycle assists the patient breathing.
  • pressure decreases at the exhale end of the apparatus as the fan pumps gas through the apparatus during the inhale cycle of the patient's breathing, so that, when the patient starts to breathe out, the lower pressure "build up" assists them.
  • a constant-running fan helps push gas through the system, and gives extra boost to help the patient breathe in and breathe out.
  • the fan can provide a constant baseline pumping feature and then increase the pumping rate if the apparatus detects that a user needs assistance; for example, the system might increase fan speed if it detects exhale or inhale pressure is too high or too low. Weak breathing might be indicative of a very ill person being in need of breathing assistance or a normal person asleep. Likewise high exhale or inhale pressure could be a person healthy or struggling for breath, and software can be included to decide, or medical staff can control the process, e.g. using a rheostat or via the apparatus's hand-held controller screen/buttons.
  • CO 2 is removed from the exhaled breath as it passes through the scrubber 65. It then travels past sensors 70 ( Figure 4) in the inhale scrubber cap 67, which monitor Cy and preferably CCy levels.
  • the gas which is now restored to a desirable oxygen level, passes through the inhale connector 56, the inhale counterlung 54 and the inhale filter 52, through the hose 31 to the facemask 100.
  • the "scrubbing" or scavenging process can generate heat in the apparatus. If need be, therefore, the apparatus can include a heat exchanger after (or possibly before) the scrubber to cool the air for rebreathing. Such a heat exchanger is shown in the second embodiment, described later.
  • FIG 4 illustrates the fan 80 in the exhale end of the scrubber section 60, shown here with external parts removed, and the three sensors 70 (here two for Cy as this is safety- critical, one for CCy) in the inhale end. They are both connected by suitable wiring (not shown) to electronic circuitry which in turn is connected to a controller, which may be external. There could also be a pressure sensor in this end cap. An independent power supply in the form of a battery (not shown) is also located in the apparatus; there could even be separate batteries for the sensors, the controller and the fan.
  • the oxygen sensor in the apparatus is part of a feedback loop to increase or decrease the amount of Cy injected in at the exhale end of the apparatus so as to keep the Cy partial pressure (pp) in a reasonable range.
  • pp Cy partial pressure
  • the apparatus is designed for easy maintenance without compromising its sealed configuration.
  • the oxygen cylinder can be replaced by loosening the straps 22. Every so many hours the scrubber, or its contents, needs to be replaced, and this can be done by detaching one or both end caps 62, 67, removing the central tube of the scrubber 65 and then replacing or refilling it, or replacing the whole section.
  • the apparatus can be sterilised by attaching suitable hoses to the aperture 47 in the exhale connector 46, and similarly to the inhale connector 56, and flushing with suitable fluid (typically a gas, but liquid or a combination of liquid and gas may be used).
  • the O2 sensor is downstream of the CCy absorber since one wants to measure Cy and CCy content after the CCy has been scrubbed. Cy is preferably added at the exhale end to facilitate Cy dilution as it passes through the scrubber. Good mixing of O2 in the gas flow is achieved as it passes from the O2 injector at the exhale end to the sensor at the inhale end, and it is easy to verify exactly what amount of O2 is going to the patient before the gas goes out of the apparatus, because of the mixing.
  • Figure 5 shows an option for the flushing procedure.
  • filter unit 52 on the inhale side is removed and an additional filter unit 52a applied to an outlet port 57. This allows one to contain all the possibly infected particles when flushing the system through the port 47 on the exhale side.
  • FIG. 6 shows a full-face mask 100 that can be used with the CCR of the invention. Inhale and exhale connectors are shown, each having an inline one-way valve so that all exhaled breath passes though the exit (connected to the exhale hose 30) and all inhaled breath comes through the inhale hose 32 and the inlet of the facemask. There is an additional V-shaped seal (indicated by the upper arrow) to the transparent face piece by the central nose/mouth section that can be seen inside the mask.
  • a nose and mouth face mask or a full face mask, for example a mask that incorporates an integrated nose and mouth pocket with additional seals;
  • ADV Automatic Diluent Valve
  • Oxygen sensors and an optional CO2 sensor are 14. Oxygen sensors and an optional CO2 sensor
  • Optional CAN-Bus failsafe electronics that include an umbilical controller
  • HUD Heads-Up Display
  • a carry-bag or backpack / chest-pack for easy transportation see Fig. 1.
  • the Electronics included in the apparatus can include an optional digital CAN-Bus (Controller Area Network) controller system that monitors multiple O2 sensors (two, for instance) and one optional CO2 sensor.
  • CAN-Bus Controller Area Network
  • a separate wrist-worn controller can be used, but in the event that the wrist controller is lost, the CAN-Bus system will intervene and provide a safe PPO2.
  • the controller and solenoid have their own independent power supplies adding further redundancy.
  • the exhaled gas passes through a virus filter and counterlung before entering the Exhale Cap.
  • the optional solenoid and a battery powered fan that assists the gas through the scrubber canister and also provides some passive inhale assistance for the user.
  • the CCR apparatus is designed so that the breath of a contagious patient is isolated from those (and the adjacent equipment) close to the patient. This system also protects Paramedics, Ambulance Crews and other care providers.
  • the apparatus is compact, self-contained and transportable with the patient. It can also be configured to function as PPE for medical, care workers or other users, in which case it will conveniently be wearable, with shoulder straps.
  • the virus filter may be a hydrophobic filter, or other filter type, able to capture viruses in the relatively moist gas exhaled by a user.
  • the filter may for example be a Pall BB50T breathing circuit filter (BCF) (Pall Life Sciences, Portsmouth, UK).
  • the device provides a breathable gas supply which can be adjusted either automatically or manually to provide up to 100% oxygen as a non-invasive ventilator for patients.
  • the device utilises a Closed-Circuit breathing loop which completely isolates the external environment from airborne infectious particles of all sizes, and transport formulations, when correctly fitted to a patient.
  • This closed loop ensures that any patient-derived infective elements are completely isolated and cannot contaminate the external environment when fitted correctly.
  • the apparatus can ensure that no possible airborne contaminated materials of any size, including the smallest individual virion infective particles, are released to the environment, or at least substantially to mitigate the risk of such.
  • the recirculating breathable gas mix may be scrubbed of CO2 as produced by the patient to a level below normal atmospheric pCCg, which confers a potential advantage to the patient.
  • the recirculating breathable gas mix is topped up or elevated as required either by attendant medical staff, or automatically with the addition of Cg as required to maintain pCg concentration as required for patient therapy. This allows exhaled gas to be reused for inhalation and conditioned with CO2 removal and Cg provision for recirculation in a rebreather configuration, a Closed Circuit non-invasive ventilator (CCNIV).
  • CCNIV Closed Circuit non-invasive ventilator
  • a second aspect is that this device utilises a rebreather unit as a CCNIV.
  • the recirculating breathable gas mix is supplied at an elevated pressure which can be in the region of 2 cmw to 15 cmw static pressure to assist with patient inhalation as non-invasive ventilation.
  • the inhalation gas mix pressure may be regulated to ensure that the pressure does not exceed a safe value for patient inhalation.
  • the exhale pressure is collected at a slightly reduced pressure to assist with patient exhalation and reduce the work of breathing (WoB).
  • a third feature is that the device actively assists a patient with both inhalation and exhalation, to limits which are accepted by clinical experts.
  • the recirculating breathable gas mix is supplied at ambient temperature of exhaled air as provided by the patient.
  • the recirculating breathable gas mix is also supplied at ambient humidity conferring patient comfort and a potential medical/clinical advantage (see MHRA 04005 report).
  • a fourth feature is that by providing a conditioned gas mixture at ambient humidity and temperature as provided by the patient, there is a potentially reduced risk of lung congestion, mucosal damage and thickening of lung secretions together with attendant complications as reported in MHRA Report 04005.
  • the recirculating breathable gas mix may be provided for inhalation by the patient at an elevated humidity level with respect to ambient. This also contrasts with the cold, dry gas delivery systems such as CPAP/BiPAP previously used.
  • the device incorporates validated filtration devices to reduce recirculating infectious droplets and aerosols containing contagious virus particles, which protects the patient from enhanced virus load from exhaled gas mix in the recirculating configuration.
  • Alternative filters may be used at any point within the recirculation and purge pathways.
  • the device is fitted with a similar validated filter unit in a purge line which can be used when gas mix exchange is required during use.
  • a fifth aspect is that validated virus filtration devices are used to capture exhaled viral load and reduce the risk to both patient, attendants and environment of contaminated gas mix exposure on removal and cleaning or sterilisation of the device.
  • the primary recirculation filter unit as specified does not rely on full 99%+ efficiency of capture, even if this is claimed, as a result of the recirculation of the gas mixture in the closed-circuit configuration.
  • a sixth aspect is that by using a recirculation filter device, the exposure on disassembly is reduced to the minimum irrespective of high efficiency claims, which may not bear detailed examination in a real-life humid recirculating environment.
  • the device can (ideally) be fitted with a full face mask with inner mouth and nose mask. This enables continued use of the apparatus during coughing fits and sneezing without risking release of contaminated aerosols or other droplets generated during such fits.
  • a seventh aspect is that the full face mask option ensures that the first aspect is maintained for patients subject to coughing and sneezing fits and is thus fit for purpose of use with highly infected patients with dangerous infectious disease conditions requiring assisted ventilation.
  • the device can alternatively be fitted with a half face mask which covers the mouth and nose, and connects to the modified exhale and inhale hoses that are used on the full face mask.
  • FIG. 7 A second embodiment of the invention is shown in Figures 7—16.
  • the housing is in the form of a rigid box or case, in two parts, namely a base 201 and a lid 202, shown in Figure 15.
  • Figures 14 and 16 show the base on its own, while Figures 7-11 and 13 show the base with the components contained within the housing.
  • the components shown are: Inhale and Exhale ports 131P, 130P, a scrubber 165 in a scrubber section 160, a fan 180 on the Inhale side (downstream in the apparatus), and an exhale counterlung 144 and a filter 142.
  • the oxygen cylinder 120 is also contained within the housing 201/202.
  • the oxygen cylinder is mounted in parallel to the likewise cylindrical scrubber 165, as seen best in Figure 11.
  • a single counterlung 144 is shown, on the exhale side.
  • This counter lung is in the form of a bag, of silicone or similar material, rectangular in form, matching approximately the plan of the base. For legibility it is shown to the side of the base, but in fact it lies, in use, over the cylinders and other components in the base, connected to the exhale hose 130 as shown at A, via the filter 142; and to the exhale cap 162 of the scrubber, as shown at B.
  • the fan 180 is not in this embodiment integrated into the cap 162 of the scrubber unit, though it could be; instead, it is separate, which makes it easier to remove in order to recharge or replace the battery.
  • a further difference is the presence of a heat exchanger in the form of a slab-shaped chiller pack 190 on the downstream or inhale side of the scrubber 165.
  • Its input side C is connected via a pipe (like all the internal tubing, not shown) to the inhale end of the scrubber at C, and via a further tube from its outflow D to the fan 180, whose output exits via the inhale port 131P.
  • the counterlung 144 (not shown to scale) has approximately the same rectangular shape as the housing, and lies loosely on top of the two cylinders. The location of all the components inside the housing leads to a particularly tidy configuration, with all parts protected from damage.
  • the counterlung 144 may be of any suitable size and shape, for example it may be smaller in plan view than the base such as 50% of the area 25% of the area, 75% of the area, or any other suitable size.
  • Figures 7-10 are side and end views of the base with the components.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view.
  • Figures 14 and 16 show the base 201 with slots for carrying straps, and guide bores 201B described below.
  • Figure 15 shows the entire housing, with a lid 202 applied to the base 201.
  • the base 201 has guide bores 201B, four in number, situated in pairs in the end walls towards the four corners of the base; they are also visible in Figures 11 and 13.
  • the lid 202 similarly has four guide bores, though not visible in Figure 15.
  • Rods or posts 201P of corresponding diameter are located in the bores in both base and lid, each rod 201P having one end inserted in a bore 201B in the base 201 and the opposite end inserted in a corresponding bore (not shown) in the lid 202.
  • each rod 201P when inserted into the bores 201B in the base 201, each rod 201P protrudes from the base 201 by a few centimetres so as to allow the lid to rise up and down on the base without becoming detached.
  • the rods 201P may be secured to the base 201 but not secured to the lid 202, so as to allow ready detachment of the lid 202 from the base 201.
  • the housing 201/202 may have a modulus of elasticity of perhaps 2-3 MPa and can be made of carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics. It is held or biased shut by two elastic cord loops 205 forming a biasing means.
  • this arrangement allows the bag forming the counter lung 144, which is sandwiched more or less tightly between the cylinders and the lid, to inflate as the user exhales and deflate as he or she inhales, fulfilling its function as a counterlung.
  • the bag 144 has an inflated volume of about 41.
  • Figure 12 shows variant form of the counterlung, referred to as a dual counterlung 144', having both an exhale counterlung 144 and an inhale counterlung 154 integrally formed from a single inflatable chamber. Both have a pair of connectors 144C, 154C respectively for connecting to gas tubes.
  • the counterlungs 144, 154 are (as in the previous embodiment) formed of a pair of sheets of airtight sheet material of similar shape and area welded around their periphery to define an airtight bag 144'.
  • a weld seam 144'S is formed across the pair of sheets to define two respective chambers that form the counterlungs.
  • the seam may be midway between opposite edges of the sheets (as shown by the dashed line) so that the respective surface areas of the counterlungs and therefore their inflated volumes are substantially identical for a given inflation pressure, or one may be smaller than the other.
  • the solid line shows an embodiment in which the inflated volume of the exhale counterlung 144 is greater than that of the inhale counterlung 154 for a given inflation pressure.
  • the oxygen pressure in the cylinder and the status of the scrubber are checked, and the fan is switched on if desired.
  • the counterlung 144 is connected and placed over the other components, and the lid 202 is shut.
  • the components should last several, say five or six, hours in normal use before replacement or refreshment is required, though the sensors will indicate if the oxygen runs out before then or the CCy level becomes too high.
  • the apparatus is then serviced by replacing the oxygen cylinder with a full one and exchanging the scrubber, or at least its core with the granules. If necessary, the fan/ battery pack, or just the battery, is changed, and likewise the filter(s).
  • the whole pack can weigh only about 10 kg, for carrying purposes, for miners or emergency workers for instance.
  • a patient apparatus for setting beside the bed, could weigh 12 or 15 kg but can still be wheeled to other wards or rooms as needed.
  • the larger versions can even be adapted to supply two people, for instance two surgeons in the same theatre.
  • the apparatus may have duplicate internal components, permitting independent breathing circuits, although the circuits may be supplied by a common oxygen source such as a common cylinder.
  • the oxygen source may be one or more cylinders contained in the apparatus, or an external oxygen supply.
  • Apparatus designed to have an internal oxygen source may also have a connector permitting an external supply, such as a source provided within a hospital, emergency vehicle, rescue vehicle, maintenance vehicle or other external supply.
  • the housing can also be made watertight for specific applications.
  • Devices in accordance with the invention can recirculate a breathable gas mix including added Cy as required with no or substantially no release of the breathable gas mix to the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the devices are arranged wherein substantially all Cy provided to the system is utilised and substantially all CCy produced is captured. Cy consumption is thus reduced to a minimum, with essentially no wastage, as the user, e.g. patient, alone uses all the Cy provided and none is vented to the atmosphere unused. This contrasts with all other NIV and IV (Invasive Ventilation) systems.
  • the device can be equipped with CAN-bus (Controller Area Network) fail-safe electronics that allow multiple Partial Pressure of Oxygen (PPO 2 ) configurations that are monitored and controlled automatically.
  • CAN-bus Controller Area Network
  • PPO 2 Partial Pressure of Oxygen
  • the device can be equipped with an integrated cooler to maintain pre-defined breathing gas loop temperatures. In normal use it can be operated manually, or equipped with a controller that is linked to audible, vibrating and visual alarms that will alert attendant medical staff. All elements of the design are fail-safe to normal atmosphere and ambient temperature and pressure.
  • the system could optionally detect user respiratory rate from inhale/exhale cycle pressure variation cycle and could trigger an alarm if the rate is too high or too low.
  • the controller might receive an input signal from an external sensor, e.g. oxygen level from a finger sensor, and adjust fan rate or oxygen partial pressure in response. It could also trigger an alarm.
  • apparatus in accordance with the invention can be non-invasive, semi-disposable and sterilisable. They can include control systems that are fail-safe, with alarms for conditions such as oxygen under- or over-pressure.
  • the Fan- assisted loop pressure aids the patient.
  • An optional HUD head-up display
  • the apparatus advantageously has independent power sources so as to be independent of hospital supplies and avoid inter ference with other equipment.
  • the apparatus can have on-board gases but also facility for off-board gas connections as noted above, and/or off-board gas mix cooling.
  • a closed-circuit non-invasive ventilator apparatus comprising:
  • An apparatus according to clause 1, further including means (80) for assisting air flow for exhale or inhale, or both.
  • An apparatus further including a controller for the fan so that it is capable of operation intermittently, or continuously, or in response to pressure from the patient. 5.
  • An apparatus further including a bacterial and/or viral filter (42, 52) in the air flow for exhale or inhale, or both.
  • An apparatus further including one or more gas sensors (70) in the flow path, including at least one for oxygen.
  • An apparatus further comprising a face mask (100) for connecting to the inhale (50) and exhale (40) parts.
  • the face mask comprises seal means for preventing release of exhaled gases from a nose and a mouth of a wearer to an environment external to the face mask.
  • seal means comprises nose and mouth seal means, comprising:
  • seal means comprises face seal means, comprising a seal that circumscribes a user's eyes, nose and mouth.

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Abstract

Appareil respiratoire d'équipement de protection individuelle (EPI)/médicale en circuit fermé comprenant un boîtier (201, 202) présentant des orifices d'inhalation et d'exhalation (131P, 130P), à relier à un masque facial ; une section de capture ou un épurateur de CO2 (160) entre les orifices d'inhalation et d'exhalation, pour éliminer le dioxyde de carbone ; et un orifice d'entrée (147) pour amener de l'oxygène provenant d'une bouteille (120). Un ventilateur (80) est installé à l'intérieur du boîtier pour aider à l'exhalation et à l'inhalation, et des filtres de virus/bactéries (142, 152) sont prévus à chaque extrémité. Au moins un faux poumon (144) est également situé dans le boîtier. Cet appareil fournit une assistance respiratoire tout en maintenant un hôpital ou un autre environnement ambiant non contaminé, ou, pour des opérations dans des environnements dangereux, il peut être portatif ou porté sur soi.
PCT/GB2021/051115 2020-05-07 2021-05-07 Appareil de réinhalation WO2021224643A1 (fr)

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WO2024040488A1 (fr) * 2022-08-25 2024-02-29 苏州银雀智能科技有限公司 Ventilateur de sac à dos pour prévenir une maladie infectieuse respiratoire

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FR2387667A1 (fr) * 1977-04-21 1978-11-17 Breathing Syst
FR2642977A1 (fr) * 1989-02-14 1990-08-17 Masson Yves Le Dispositif pour permettre une intervention humaine de longue duree dans une ambiance polluee
US5036841A (en) * 1991-02-22 1991-08-06 Computer Assisted Engineering Self contained closed circuit breathing apparatus
US5048517A (en) * 1989-01-20 1991-09-17 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Recirculating positive-pressure respirator
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EP2374509A1 (fr) * 2010-04-08 2011-10-12 Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA Appareil de circuit respiratoire
WO2012073024A2 (fr) * 2010-12-02 2012-06-07 Draeger Safety Uk Limited Boîtier pour appareil respiratoire et unité de refroidissement pour appareil respiratoire
GB2494163A (en) * 2011-09-01 2013-03-06 Draeger Safety Uk Ltd Closed circuit breathing apparatus and method of operating the same
US20170143933A1 (en) * 2015-11-24 2017-05-25 Paragon Space Development Corporation Heat and humidity removal unit for a self-contained breathing apparatus
WO2018064286A1 (fr) * 2016-09-29 2018-04-05 Mine Survival, Inc. Appareil de réinspiration

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB733473A (en) * 1951-01-10 1955-07-13 Nat Res Dev Improvements relating to breathing apparatus
FR2387667A1 (fr) * 1977-04-21 1978-11-17 Breathing Syst
US5048517A (en) * 1989-01-20 1991-09-17 Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Recirculating positive-pressure respirator
FR2642977A1 (fr) * 1989-02-14 1990-08-17 Masson Yves Le Dispositif pour permettre une intervention humaine de longue duree dans une ambiance polluee
US5036841A (en) * 1991-02-22 1991-08-06 Computer Assisted Engineering Self contained closed circuit breathing apparatus
US5706799A (en) * 1995-04-20 1998-01-13 Kikuchi Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Oxygen respirator having CO2 absorption means
EP2374509A1 (fr) * 2010-04-08 2011-10-12 Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA Appareil de circuit respiratoire
WO2012073024A2 (fr) * 2010-12-02 2012-06-07 Draeger Safety Uk Limited Boîtier pour appareil respiratoire et unité de refroidissement pour appareil respiratoire
GB2494163A (en) * 2011-09-01 2013-03-06 Draeger Safety Uk Ltd Closed circuit breathing apparatus and method of operating the same
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WO2018064286A1 (fr) * 2016-09-29 2018-04-05 Mine Survival, Inc. Appareil de réinspiration

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024040488A1 (fr) * 2022-08-25 2024-02-29 苏州银雀智能科技有限公司 Ventilateur de sac à dos pour prévenir une maladie infectieuse respiratoire

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