WO2021223570A1 - Energy storage, carbon sequestration and new energy cycle - Google Patents

Abstract

A new energy cycle system made up of energy storage and carbon sequestration: waste electrical energy from waste unable to be consumed and that would otherwise be wasted is utilized to perform carbon dioxide and water electrolysis and produce a methanol store, implementing chemical energy storage and carbon dioxide sequestration, and when users needs to be supplied electricity, an alcohol fuel cell generates electricity as needed to satisfy demand, achieving a closed loop methanol cycle; also, carbon sequestration is performed on carbon dioxide produced in other ways as well as atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is safer than geologic carbon sequestration and provides economic benefit. Methanol storage is economical, safe, has simpler environmental requirements for storage than hydrogen gas storage, can achieve zero emission of carbon, and is able to provide humans with an energy source available at any time, solving the human energy crisis.

Description

Energy storage, carbon storage and new energy cycle 1. Technical Field

The present invention relates to energy storage, carbon sequestration and new energy cycle, in particular to the new energy cycle of electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol energy storage and carbon fixation.

2. Background technology

(1) Geological storage of carbon dioxide.

(2) Hydrogen electrolysis and hydrogen fuel cell cycle.

3. Summary of the invention

Problems to be solved:

(1) Hydrogen storage is difficult: the storage density is 39g/L when compressed to 70MPa at normal temperature, the storage density is low, and a lot of costs are required for compression processing, and the pressure is high and unsafe; the temperature of hydrogen liquefaction is -253 degrees Celsius, and the density is 70g/L. A large amount of expense is required for hydrogen liquefaction and maintaining the low temperature of liquid hydrogen. In order to solve the current use of hydrogen energy cycle, hydrogen cannot be stored in high density at room temperature, and a large amount of energy is required to realize and maintain under high pressure or low temperature. Its efficiency is low and cannot meet the needs of future new energy storage.

(2) Carbon storage: In order to solve the problem of carbon storage of carbon dioxide, reduce the content of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide in the air. At present, the geological carbon storage of carbon dioxide only has to pay, there is no economic benefit, and continuous investment, and there is no motivation for development. It is destined to be bad, leading to fraudulent carbon storage, and it is impossible to achieve long-term development by virtue of ethics. Moreover, the storage of underground rock formations is not safe. If a variety of natural disasters such as earthquakes cause the leakage of the geological storage of carbon dioxide, it will lead to the destruction of mankind!

Technical solutions:

The conversion of electrical energy into other forms of energy is convenient, easy to use, and easy to transport; but the electrical energy itself is ready to use, and the generated electrical energy is not consumed in time. The electrical energy that is not consumed in time is heated and lost on the conductor, such as part of new energy, electricity Part of the electricity generated by the valley stage power plant cannot be absorbed in time, and the uncertain power output of these uncertain energy sources has an impact on the power grid. For example, the power of wind power generation fluctuates with the magnitude of the wind speed, which may even cause the grid to collapse ; Hereinafter referred to as "Garbage Electricity";

Methanol cycle; Energy storage cycle; Electricity cycle; Carbon sequestration;

Hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds are (1) energy storage medium; (2) carbon storage medium for carbon dioxide; convert various forms of energy into chemical energy storage, which will not be consumed in time and will be wasted as "garbage electric energy". In the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water into hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds to store energy, and at the same time to achieve carbon dioxide storage; when electricity is needed, hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compound fuel cells are used to convert the chemical energy of the fuel into electrical energy for use, and the generated carbon dioxide Recycling; realize material recycling and energy storage;

Carbon dioxide is a cycle intermediate and temporarily stored; source: carbon dioxide in the air; carbon dioxide recovered in various daily uses or factory production processes; carbon dioxide released by fuel cells is re-recovered; temporary storage of carbon dioxide is realized;

Energy storage, carbon sequestration new energy cycle: use the "garbage electric energy" that cannot be absorbed but will be wasted to electrolyze carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol for storage, to achieve chemical energy storage; to achieve carbon dioxide storage. When users need power supply, alcohol fuel cells generate electricity on demand to meet human needs; carbon dioxide and methanol storage have simpler, more economical, and safer environmental requirements than hydrogen storage; zero carbon emissions; at the same time, carbon dioxide generated by other means, and carbon dioxide in the air Carbon dioxide realizes carbon storage; it is safer than geological carbon storage and has real economic benefits at the same time; that is, carbon dioxide can be sold for money; only with economic benefits can it operate in a benign manner; "garbage electricity" electrolyzes carbon dioxide and water to produce methanol, realizing the closed loop of this cycle. The storage of alcohol provides human beings with readily available energy to solve the human energy crisis;

Photolysis of water, carbon dioxide to alcohol (101), electrolysis of water, carbon dioxide to alcohol (102), industrial alcohol (103), biomass to alcohol (104); alcohol storage (105); alcohol fuel cell (106) ), alcohol internal combustion engine (107), alcohol burner (108); carbon dioxide recovery (109);

Alcohol:

Photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohols (101): Use the energy of sunlight to photolysis of water and carbon dioxide into alcohols under the combined action of photolysis catalysts;

Electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol (102): electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the action of electric energy; or electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the combined action of electric energy and a catalyst;

Industrial production of alcohols (103): the use of coal, petroleum, natural gas, biomass and other reforming technologies to convert carbon-containing substances into alcohols;

Biomass to alcohol (104): Use fermentation technology or enzyme technology to convert biomass into alcohol, or plant genetic modification technology to use the photosynthesis of plants or microorganisms to directly generate alcohols from sunlight, carbon dioxide and water in the air;

Alcohol storage (105): energy storage, carbon sequestration; other forms of energy are stored in the chemical energy of alcohol; alcohols are liquid at room temperature and pressure due to hydrogen bonding, and are easy to store; carbon sequestration, fixed air In order to reduce the impact of greenhouse gases on the earth’s temperature, and reduce the carbon dioxide emitted by humans in the air since the industrial revolution; or the carbon dioxide produced by the burning of fossil fuels in factories or households; or the carbon dioxide produced by biomass fuels; or alcohol Carbon dioxide produced by fuel cells or alcohol internal combustion engines or carbon dioxide produced by alcohol combustion furnaces; or carbon dioxide produced by gasoline or diesel internal combustion engines;

Methanol can be stored in general-purpose containers, stored, transported, and sold in oil depots and petroleum transportation equipment; unlike hydrogen, which requires high pressure or extremely low temperature; methanol has a high storage energy density;

Ways of using alcohols: alcohol fuel cells (106), or alcohol internal combustion engines (107), or alcohol burners (108); converting the chemical energy stored in alcohols into the energy form required by users for human use;

Alcohol fuel cell (106): Use alcohol to react with oxygen in the air to convert chemical energy into electrical energy for human use in the fuel cell;

Alcohol internal combustion engine (107): Use alcohol and oxygen in the air to burn in an internal combustion engine to generate power for human use;

Alcohol burner (108): Use alcohol to burn with oxygen in the air to generate heat for human use;

The purpose of producing alcohol by electrolysis: Converting "garbage electric energy" into chemical energy storage, realizing excess electric energy storage, and realizing carbon dioxide fixation and carbon sequestration at the same time;

Peak shaving and grain filling: Alcohol energy storage new energy cycle: electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol; or photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol; or fossil fuel reforming to alcohol; or biomass to alcohol; alcohol storage; alcohol fuel cell ; Recovery of carbon dioxide generated by alcohol fuel cells;

Alcohol production by electrolysis: the use of electrical energy to electrolyze water and carbon dioxide to generate alcohols to convert electrical energy into chemical energy for storage;

Or photolysis to produce alcohol: use light energy to photolyse water and carbon dioxide to generate methanol, ethanol and other alcohols to convert light energy into chemical energy for storage;

Sources of carbon dioxide for the production of alcohol by electrolysis or photolysis: (1) Direct use of carbon dioxide in the air; (2) Use of carbon dioxide recovered by alcohol fuel cells; (3) Use of industrially produced products or by-product carbon dioxide; (4) Residents Carbon dioxide produced by burning fuel in daily life;

Or reforming fossil fuels to produce alcohol: using coal, petroleum, natural gas, combustible ice and other reforming to produce alcohol;

In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; thereby achieving the balanced power supply of the micro-grid; the power micro-grid can be applied to homes, automobiles, Islands, etc.;

In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; thereby achieving the balanced power supply of the large power grid;

The advantages of the alcohol energy storage new energy cycle and the hydrogen energy storage cycle of the present invention:

(1) The alcohol energy storage new energy cycle of the present invention and the hydrogen energy storage cycle are both zero carbon dioxide emissions: because carbon dioxide is consumed to produce alcohol when producing alcohol, the carbon dioxide generated by the alcohol fuel cell is recovered through the recovery device, and the electricity is used to decompose alcohol or It is used in the production of alcohol by photolysis to realize the closed-loop operation of carbon dioxide and achieve zero emission of carbon dioxide;

(2) The boiling point of hydrogen is -252.77°C; the critical temperature is -234.9°C. At the critical temperature, no matter how high the pressure is above the critical temperature, hydrogen cannot be liquefied; the critical temperature of carbon dioxide: 304.2K; carbon dioxide liquefaction is easy to store;

(3) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuel is much less difficult than that of hydrogen storage.

(4) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much lower than that of hydrogen storage;

(5) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much higher than that of hydrogen storage, and the density of stored energy is much greater.

(6) The storage of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much more difficult than hydrogen storage, and it is much safer: and can smoothly realize carbon sequestration, that is, fix carbon dioxide and realize carbon sequestration.

Alkaline electrolysis cell, electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide alcohol: electrolysis power source 21 (201), lead 21 (202), cathode plate 21 (205), electrolyte 21 (204), carbon dioxide inlet pipe 21 (210), electrolytic cell 21 ( 206), diaphragm 21 (208), electrolyte 22 (209), anode plate 21 (207), wire 22 (203);

The negative electrode of the electrolysis power source 21 (201) is connected to the cathode plate 21 (205) through a wire 21 (202); the positive electrode of the electrolysis power source 21 (201) is connected to the anode plate 21 (207) through a wire 22 (203); the electrolyte 21 (204) ) Is an alkaline aqueous solution, such as NaOH, or KOH, or LiOH aqueous solution, etc.;

The diaphragm 21 (208) divides the electrolytic cell 21 (206) into two parts;

The carbon dioxide inlet pipe 21 (210) passes carbon dioxide into the electrolyte 21 (204) solution, and the solution contains OH ^- ions, CO ₃ ^2- ions, cations, and H ⁺ ions;

The electrolysis half reaction equation of the cathode:

^{_{10H 2 O + 12e - + 2CO}} 2 = 2CH 3 OH + 12OH -

Or ^{_{8H 2 O + 12e - + 2H}} 2 CO 3 = 2CH 3 OH + 12OH -

The electrolysis half reaction equation of the anode:

^{_{12OH - = 3O 2 + 6H 2}} O + 12e -

The overall reaction equation:

4H ₂ O+2CO ₂ ＝2CH ₃ OH+3O ₂

Or 2H ₂ O+2H ₂ CO ₃ ＝2CH ₃ OH+3O ₂

The anode plate 21 (207) and the cathode plate 21 (205) can be made of metal, alloy, or graphite;

Catalyst, in order to increase the reaction rate of electrolysis of carbon dioxide to methanol; catalyst metal, or metal oxide: such as: copper, aluminum, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, Sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, platinum, or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or iron oxide; or zinc oxide, or two oxides Chromium, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or a mixture of some oxides in iron oxide; or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide , Or ferric oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of multiple oxides; or a mixture of metals and metal oxides; or a mixture of carbon particles, metals, and metal oxides;

The catalyst adheres to the anode plate 21 (207) or the cathode plate 21 (205);

Or the catalyst adheres to the cathode material between the cathode plate 21 (205) and the diaphragm 21 (208); cathode material nanoparticles, such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, and silicon nanoparticles;

Or the catalyst adheres to the anode material between the anode plate 21 (207) and the diaphragm 21 (208); anode material nanoparticles, such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, silicon nanoparticles;

The diaphragm 21 (208) is made of asbestos, or polysulfone, or nickel oxide, etc.;

The boiling point of methanol under standard atmospheric pressure is 64.7°C, only the temperature is controlled between 64.7°C and 100°C, and methanol is distilled out, and methanol can be separated from water to obtain methanol liquid;

In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; achieve balanced power supply;

In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; to ensure the smooth operation of the large power grid.

Alkaline bipolar electrolyzer electrolyzes carbon dioxide to generate methanol: schematic diagram of bipolar plate electrolyzer, electrolysis power source 31 (301), electrode plate 31 (304), bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), bipolar electrode plate 33 (311) , Electrode plate 3n (308); end pressure plate 31 (316), end pressure plate 32 (307); insulation plate 31 (317), insulation plate 32 (318); electrical connection line 31 (302), electrical connection line 32 (303 ); Diaphragm 31 (305), Diaphragm 32 (310), Diaphragm 3n-1 (318); Input port 31 (314), Input port 32 (315), Input port 3n (319); Output port 31 (312), Output port 32 (313), output port 3n (312); the bipolar plate is both positive and negative; there are grooves on the bipolar plate to facilitate the transportation and diffusion of _{water, methanol, CO 2, and ions;}

End pressure plate 31 (316), end pressure plate 32 (307): under pressure, use screws to fix the bipolar electrolytic cell; it can be metal, or alloy, or non-metal, or polymer material;

Between the electrode plate and the diaphragm, or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm is the catalyst: catalyst metal, or metal oxide: such as: copper, aluminum, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, Gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, platinum, or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or iron oxide; or oxide Zinc, or chromium trioxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum trioxide, or two iron trioxide, or a mixture of some oxides in triiron tetroxide; or zinc oxide, or chromium trioxide, or copper oxide , Or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or iron oxide; or a mixture of multiple oxides; or a mixture of metals and metal oxides; or a mixture of carbon particles, metals, and metal oxides;

Insulating plate 31 (317) and insulating plate 32 (318) function: to isolate the end pressure plate 31 (316) and the end pressure plate 32 (307) from the electrolytic cell power supply;

The negative electrode of the electrolysis power supply 31 (301) is connected to the electrode plate 31 (304) through an electrical connection line 31 (302), and the positive electrode of the electrolysis power supply 31 (301) is connected to the electrode plate 3n (309) through an electrical connection line 32 (303);

Insulating bolts 31 (322), nuts 31 (321), and nuts 32 (323) are used to fix the electrolytic cell; the bipolar electrolytic cell has multiple sets of nuts and bolts to fix the electrolytic cell to ensure the stability of the electrolytic cell;

The input port 31 (314) inputs carbon dioxide or water, and methanol is generated after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from the output port 31 (312); through fractional distillation, liquid methanol is obtained;

Water is input to the input port 32 (315), oxygen is generated by electrolysis, and the output is discharged into the air through the output port 32 (313), or the oxygen is collected;

The electrode plate 31 (304) is the negative electrode of the electrolytic cell 31 composed of the electrode plate 31 (304), the diaphragm 31 (305), and the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306) is the electrode plate 31 ( 304), diaphragm 31 (305), positive electrode of sub-electrolyte cell 31 composed of bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); diaphragm allows OH ^- ions or water molecules to pass through; diaphragm uses asbestos, or polysulfone, or nickel oxide, etc.;

The bipolar electrode plate 32 (306) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 32 composed of the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), the diaphragm 32 (310), and the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311); the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311) is The positive electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 32 composed of a bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), a diaphragm 32 (310), and a bipolar electrode plate 33 (311);

By analogy, electrode plate 31 (304), diaphragm 31 (305), bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), diaphragm 32 (310), bipolar electrode plate 33 (311), diaphragm 3n-1 (318), electrode Plate 3n (308), process n-1 electrolytic cells; n-1 electrolytic cells together form a bipolar electrolytic cell;

The advantages of bipolar electrolyzers: compact structure, small size, low cost and high output.

In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; achieve balanced power supply;

In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; to ensure the smooth operation of the large power grid.

Electrolysis of solid polymer electrolyzer to produce methanol:

The working principle of electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to methanol:

The positive electrode ^{_{reaction: 2CO 2 + 12H + + 12e}} - = 2CH 3 OH + 2H 2 O

The anode _{reaction: 6H 2 O = 3O 2 +} 12H + + 12e -

Overall reaction: 2CO ₂ +4H ₂ O = 2CH ₃ OH + 3O ₂

Electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to produce methanol: schematic diagram of solid polymer bipolar plate electrolyzer, electrolysis power supply 41 (401), electrode plate 41 (404), bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), bipolar electrode plate 43 (411), electrode Plate 4n (408); end pressing plate 41 (416), end pressing plate 42 (407); insulating plate 41 (417), insulating plate 42 (418); electrical connection line 41 (402), electrical connection line 42 (403); Proton exchange membrane 41 (405), proton exchange membrane 42 (410), proton exchange membrane 4n-1 (418); input port 41 (414), input port 42 (415), input port 4n (419); output port 41 (412), output port 42 (413), output port 4n (412); the bipolar plate is both positive and negative; there are grooves on the bipolar plate to facilitate the transportation and diffusion of _{water, methanol, CO 2, and ions} ；

End pressure plate 41 (416), end pressure plate 42 (407): Under pressure, use screws to fix the bipolar electrolytic cell; it can be metal, or alloy, or non-metal, or polymer material;

Between the electrode plate and the diaphragm, or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm, there is a metal oxide as a catalyst: such as: zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or Ferric oxide; or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or a mixture of some oxides in ferric oxide; or zinc oxide, or three Chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or a complex compound reconstituted by partial oxides in ferric oxide; or a mixture of metals and metal oxides; or carbon particles, metals , A mixture of metal oxides;

Insulating plate 41 (417) and insulating plate 42 (418) function: to isolate the end pressure plate 41 (416) and the end pressure plate 42 (407) from the power supply of the electrolytic cell;

The negative electrode of the electrolysis power supply 41 (401) is connected to the electrode plate 41 (404) through the electrical connection line 41 (402), and the positive electrode of the electrolysis power supply 41 (401) is connected to the electrode plate 4n (409) through the electrical connection line 42 (403);

Insulating bolt 41 (422), nut 41 (421), nut 42 (423) are used to fix the electrolytic cell;

The input port 41 (414) inputs carbon dioxide or water, and methanol is generated after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from the output port 41 (412); through fractional distillation, liquid methanol is obtained;

The input port 42 (415) inputs water, electrolysis generates oxygen, and the output port 42 (413) outputs and discharges into the air, or collects oxygen;

The electrode plate 41 (404) is the negative electrode of the electrolytic cell 41 composed of the electrode plate 41 (404), the proton exchange membrane 41 (405), and the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406) is the electrode plate 41 (404), proton exchange membrane 41 (405), the positive electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 41 composed of bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); the diaphragm allows H ⁺ ions to pass through; the diaphragm adopts a proton exchange membrane;

The bipolar electrode plate 42 (406) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 42 composed of the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), the proton exchange membrane 42 (410), and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411); the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411) ) Is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 42 composed of the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), the proton exchange membrane 42 (410), and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411);

By analogy, electrode plate 41 (404), proton exchange membrane 41 (405), bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), proton exchange membrane 42 (410), bipolar electrode plate 43 (411), proton exchange membrane 4n- 1(418), electrode plate 4n(408), process n-1 sub-electrolysis cells; n-1 sub-electrolysis cells together form a bipolar electrolysis cell;

Advantages of bipolar electrolyzer: compact structure, small size, low cost, high output; high efficiency;

In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; achieve balanced power supply;

In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; to ensure the smooth operation of the large power grid.

Energy storage and carbon dioxide storage cycle: methanol storage 51 (503), carbon dioxide storage 51 (504), methanol produced by other ways 51 (501), carbon dioxide produced by other ways 51 (502);

Carbon dioxide storage 51 (504) and water use "garbage electric energy" electrolysis to realize methanol chemical energy storage and material storage, that is, to convert carbon dioxide to methanol to realize carbon storage of carbon dioxide;

Garbage power refers to: wind power, solar power, etc., which cannot be absorbed by the grid; or electric power that cannot be absorbed by power plants during the valley period;

Use garbage electricity to electrolyze carbon dioxide and convert water into methanol for storage to realize carbon storage of carbon dioxide; convert electrical energy into chemical energy for storage for other time;

With the improvement of the efficiency of solar power generation, the use of this electrolytic carbon dioxide energy storage technology will greatly reduce the marginal cost of fuel, thereby solving the energy problem, solving the pollution problem, and solving the problem of carbon sequestration of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.

Beneficial effects:

(1) Energy storage and carbon storage new energy cycle: use the "garbage electric energy" that cannot be absorbed but will be wasted to electrolyze carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol for storage, to achieve chemical energy storage; to achieve carbon dioxide storage. When users need power supply, alcohol fuel cells generate electricity on demand to meet human needs. Carbon dioxide and methanol storage have simpler, more economical and safer environmental requirements than hydrogen storage; and achieve zero carbon emissions. At the same time, carbon dioxide produced by other means and carbon dioxide in the air can be stored; it is safer and more economical than geological carbon storage. Only economic benefits can truly operate. "Garbage electric energy" electrolyzes carbon dioxide and water to produce methanol, realizing the closed loop of this cycle.

(2) Alcohols have higher melting points and boiling points due to hydrogen bonding, and are easier to store than hydrogen and gasoline, and they are safer to store.

(3) It is easy to convert carbon dioxide and water into alcohols by electrolysis.

(4) Solar energy, wind energy, water energy, nuclear energy, etc. cannot be absorbed and are wasted. The electricity is easily converted into chemical energy of alcohol.

(5) It is easy to convert various forms of fossil energy into alcohol chemical energy.

(6) It is easy to convert biomass energy into alcohol chemical energy.

(7) Convert the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide into alcohols, fix the carbon dioxide produced by humans using fossil energy since the industrial revolution, and save the earth; the storage of alcohols provides humans with readily available energy to solve the human energy crisis. Compared with the existing storage of carbon dioxide in deep earth stratum, the cost is lower, safer, and the stored chemical energy can be converted into the required energy form at any time when needed; relying on the automatic adjustment of the energy market also reduces the impact of energy on the economy. The impact of volatility.

(8) The compression and storage of carbon dioxide is much easier than that of hydrogen and natural gas;

(9) Achieve carbon storage, convert carbon dioxide in the air, carbon dioxide produced by industry and civil use into alcohols to achieve carbon storage, and at the same time, when humans need to use energy, they can use stored alcohols at any time.

(10) Alcohols sequestered by carbon, use method: (a) Alcohols are directly burned as fuel;

(b) Alcohols are directly generated by fuel cells for human use; (c) Alcohols are reformed into hydrogen and converted into electrical energy by hydrogen fuel cells for human use.

Four, description of the drawings

Figure 1. Block diagram of energy storage new energy cycle

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide to produce alcohol

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of alkaline bipolar plate electrolyzer

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of solid polymer bipolar plate electrolytic cell

Figure 5, energy storage, carbon dioxide storage cycle

Five, specific implementation methods

The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

Preferred example 1:

The conversion of electrical energy into other forms of energy is convenient, easy to use, and easy to transport; but the electrical energy itself is ready to use, and the generated electrical energy is not consumed in time. The electrical energy that is not consumed in time is heated and lost on the conductor, such as part of new energy, electricity Part of the electricity generated by the valley stage power plant cannot be absorbed in time, and the uncertain power output of these uncertain energy sources has an impact on the power grid. For example, the power of wind power generation fluctuates with the magnitude of the wind speed, which may even cause the grid to collapse ; Hereinafter referred to as "Garbage Electricity";

Methanol cycle; Energy storage cycle; Electricity cycle; Carbon sequestration;

Hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds are (1) energy storage medium; (2) carbon storage medium for carbon dioxide; convert various forms of energy into chemical energy storage, which will not be consumed in time and will be wasted as "garbage electric energy". In the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water into hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds to store energy, and at the same time to achieve carbon dioxide storage; when electricity is needed, hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compound fuel cells are used to convert the chemical energy of the fuel into electrical energy for use, and the generated carbon dioxide Recycling; realize material recycling and energy storage;

Carbon dioxide is a cycle intermediate and temporarily stored; source: carbon dioxide in the air; carbon dioxide recovered in various daily uses or factory production processes; carbon dioxide released by fuel cells is re-recovered; temporary storage of carbon dioxide is realized;

Energy storage, carbon sequestration new energy cycle: use the "garbage electric energy" that cannot be absorbed but will be wasted to electrolyze carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol for storage, to achieve chemical energy storage; to achieve carbon dioxide storage. When users need power supply, alcohol fuel cells generate electricity on demand to meet human needs; carbon dioxide and methanol storage have simpler, more economical, and safer environmental requirements than hydrogen storage; zero carbon emissions; at the same time, carbon dioxide generated by other means, and carbon dioxide in the air Carbon dioxide realizes carbon storage; it is safer than geological carbon storage and has real economic benefits at the same time; that is, carbon dioxide can be sold for money; only with economic benefits can it operate in a benign manner; "garbage electricity" electrolyzes carbon dioxide and water to produce methanol, realizing the closed loop of this cycle. The storage of alcohol provides human beings with readily available energy to solve the human energy crisis;

As shown in Figure 1, photolysis of water, carbon dioxide to alcohol (101), electrolysis of water, carbon dioxide to alcohol (102), industrial alcohol (103), biomass to alcohol (104); alcohol storage (105); Alcohol fuel cell (106), alcohol internal combustion engine (107), alcohol burner (108); carbon dioxide recovery (109);

Alcohol:

Photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohols (101): Use the energy of sunlight to photolysis of water and carbon dioxide into alcohols under the combined action of photolysis catalysts;

Electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol (102): electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the action of electric energy; or electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the combined action of electric energy and a catalyst;

Industrial production of alcohols (103): the use of coal, petroleum, natural gas, biomass and other reforming technologies to convert carbon-containing substances into alcohols;

Biomass to alcohol (104): Use fermentation technology or enzyme technology to convert biomass into alcohol, or plant genetic modification technology to use the photosynthesis of plants or microorganisms to directly generate alcohols from sunlight, carbon dioxide and water in the air;

Alcohol storage (105): energy storage, carbon sequestration; other forms of energy are stored in the chemical energy of alcohol; alcohols are liquid at room temperature and pressure due to hydrogen bonding, and are easy to store; carbon sequestration, fixed air In order to reduce the impact of greenhouse gases on the earth’s temperature, and reduce the carbon dioxide emitted by humans in the air since the industrial revolution; or the carbon dioxide produced by the burning of fossil fuels in factories or households; or the carbon dioxide produced by biomass fuels; or alcohol Carbon dioxide produced by fuel cells or alcohol internal combustion engines or carbon dioxide produced by alcohol combustion furnaces; or carbon dioxide produced by gasoline or diesel internal combustion engines;

Methanol can be stored in general-purpose containers, stored, transported, and sold in oil depots and petroleum transportation equipment; unlike hydrogen, which requires high pressure or extremely low temperature; methanol has a high storage energy density;

Ways of using alcohols: alcohol fuel cells (106), or alcohol internal combustion engines (107), or alcohol burners (108); converting the chemical energy stored in alcohols into the energy form required by users for human use;

Alcohol fuel cell (106): Use alcohol to react with oxygen in the air to convert chemical energy into electrical energy for human use in the fuel cell;

Alcohol internal combustion engine (107): Use alcohol and oxygen in the air to burn in an internal combustion engine to generate power for human use;

Alcohol burner (108): Use alcohol to burn with oxygen in the air to generate heat for human use;

The purpose of producing alcohol by electrolysis: Converting "garbage electric energy" into chemical energy storage, realizing excess electric energy storage, and realizing carbon dioxide fixation and carbon sequestration at the same time;

Peak cutting and filling: Alcohol energy storage new energy cycle: electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol; or photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol; or fossil fuel reforming to alcohol; or biomass to alcohol; alcohol storage; alcohol fuel cell ; Recovery of carbon dioxide generated by alcohol fuel cells;

Alcohol production by electrolysis: the use of electrical energy to electrolyze water and carbon dioxide to generate alcohols to convert electrical energy into chemical energy for storage;

Or photolysis to produce alcohol: use light energy to photolyse water and carbon dioxide to generate methanol, ethanol and other alcohols to convert light energy into chemical energy for storage;

Sources of carbon dioxide for the production of alcohol by electrolysis or photolysis: (1) Direct use of carbon dioxide in the air; (2) Use of carbon dioxide recovered by alcohol fuel cells; (3) Use of industrially produced products or by-product carbon dioxide; (4) Residents Carbon dioxide produced by burning fuel in daily life;

Or reforming fossil fuels to produce alcohol: using coal, petroleum, natural gas, combustible ice and other reforming to produce alcohol;

In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; thereby achieving the balanced power supply of the micro-grid; the power micro-grid can be applied to homes, automobiles, Islands, etc.;

In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; thereby achieving the balanced power supply of the large power grid;

The advantages of the alcohol energy storage new energy cycle and the hydrogen energy storage cycle of the present invention:

(1) The alcohol energy storage new energy cycle of the present invention and the hydrogen energy storage cycle are both zero carbon dioxide emissions: because carbon dioxide is consumed to produce alcohol when producing alcohol, the carbon dioxide generated by the alcohol fuel cell is recovered through the recovery device, and the electricity is used to decompose alcohol or It is used in the production of alcohol by photolysis to realize the closed-loop operation of carbon dioxide and achieve zero emission of carbon dioxide;

(2) The boiling point of hydrogen is -252.77°C; the critical temperature is -234.9°C. At the critical temperature, no matter how high the pressure is above the critical temperature, hydrogen cannot be liquefied; the critical temperature of carbon dioxide: 304.2K; carbon dioxide liquefaction is easy to store;

(3) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuel is much less difficult than that of hydrogen storage.

(4) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much lower than that of hydrogen storage;

(5) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much higher than that of hydrogen storage, and the density of stored energy is much greater.

(6) The storage of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much more difficult than hydrogen storage, and it is much safer: and can smoothly realize carbon sequestration, that is, fix carbon dioxide and realize carbon sequestration.

Preferred example 2:

Alkaline electrolyzer, electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide to produce alcohol: as shown in Figure 2, electrolysis power source 21 (201), lead 21 (202), cathode plate 21 (205), electrolyte 21 (204), carbon dioxide inlet pipe 21 (210) ), electrolytic cell 21 (206), diaphragm 21 (208), electrolyte 22 (209), anode plate 21 (207), wire 22 (203);

The negative electrode of the electrolysis power source 21 (201) is connected to the cathode plate 21 (205) through a wire 21 (202); the positive electrode of the electrolysis power source 21 (201) is connected to the anode plate 21 (207) through a wire 22 (203); the electrolyte 21 (204) ) Is an alkaline aqueous solution, such as NaOH, or KOH, or LiOH aqueous solution, etc.;

The diaphragm 21 (208) divides the electrolytic cell 21 (206) into two parts;

The carbon dioxide inlet pipe 21 (210) passes carbon dioxide into the electrolyte 21 (204) solution, and the solution contains OH ^- ions, CO ₃ ^2- ions, cations, and H ⁺ ions;

The electrolysis half reaction equation of the cathode:

^{_{10H 2 O + 12e - + 2CO}} 2 = 2CH 3 OH + 12OH -

Or ^{_{8H 2 O + 12e - + 2H}} 2 CO 3 = 2CH 3 OH + 12OH -

The electrolysis half reaction equation of the anode:

^{_{12OH - = 3O 2 + 6H 2}} O + 12e -

The overall reaction equation:

4H ₂ O+2CO ₂ ＝2CH ₃ OH+3O ₂

Or 2H ₂ O+2H ₂ CO ₃ ＝2CH ₃ OH+3O ₂

The anode plate 21 (207) and the cathode plate 21 (205) can be made of metal, alloy, or graphite;

Catalyst, in order to increase the reaction rate of electrolysis of carbon dioxide to methanol; catalyst metal, or metal oxide: such as: copper, aluminum, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, gold, mercury, lithium, Sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, platinum, or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or iron oxide; or zinc oxide, or two oxides Chromium, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or a mixture of some oxides in iron oxide; or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide , Or ferric oxide, or ferroferric oxide; or a mixture of multiple oxides; or a mixture of metals and metal oxides; or a mixture of carbon particles, metals, and metal oxides;

The catalyst adheres to the anode plate 21 (207) or the cathode plate 21 (205);

Or the catalyst adheres to the cathode material between the cathode plate 21 (205) and the diaphragm 21 (208); cathode material nanoparticles, such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, and silicon nanoparticles;

Or the catalyst adheres to the anode material between the anode plate 21 (207) and the diaphragm 21 (208); anode material nanoparticles, such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, silicon nanoparticles;

The diaphragm 21 (208) is made of asbestos, or polysulfone, or nickel oxide, etc.;

The boiling point of methanol under standard atmospheric pressure is 64.7°C, only the temperature is controlled between 64.7°C and 100°C, and methanol is distilled out, and methanol can be separated from water to obtain methanol liquid;

In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; achieve balanced power supply;

In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; to ensure the smooth operation of the large power grid. Preferred example 3:

Alkaline bipolar electrolyzer electrolyzes carbon dioxide to generate methanol: as shown in Figure 3, a schematic diagram of a bipolar plate electrolyzer, electrolysis power source 31 (301), electrode plate 31 (304), bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), bipolar Electrode plate 33 (311), electrode plate 3n (308); end pressing plate 31 (316), end pressing plate 32 (307); insulating plate 31 (317), insulating plate 32 (318); electrical connecting wire 31 (302), Electrical connection line 32 (303); diaphragm 31 (305), diaphragm 32 (310), diaphragm 3n-1 (318); input port 31 (314), input port 32 (315), input port 3n (319); output Port 31 (312), output port 32 (313), output port 3n (312); the bipolar plate is both positive and negative; there are grooves on the bipolar plate to facilitate the transportation of water, methanol, CO ₂ , and ions. Spread through

End pressure plate 31 (316), end pressure plate 32 (307): under pressure, use screws to fix the bipolar electrolytic cell; it can be metal, or alloy, or non-metal, or polymer material;

Between the electrode plate and the diaphragm, or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm is the catalyst: catalyst metal, or metal oxide: such as: copper, aluminum, iron, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, titanium, zinc, lead, silver, tin, Gold, mercury, lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, barium, platinum, or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or iron oxide; or oxide Zinc, or chromium trioxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum trioxide, or two iron trioxide, or a mixture of some oxides in triiron tetroxide; or zinc oxide, or chromium trioxide, or copper oxide , Or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or iron oxide; or a mixture of multiple oxides; or a mixture of metals and metal oxides; or a mixture of carbon particles, metals, and metal oxides;

Insulating plate 31 (317) and insulating plate 32 (318) function: to isolate the end pressure plate 31 (316) and the end pressure plate 32 (307) from the electrolytic cell power supply;

The negative electrode of the electrolysis power supply 31 (301) is connected to the electrode plate 31 (304) through an electrical connection line 31 (302), and the positive electrode of the electrolysis power supply 31 (301) is connected to the electrode plate 3n (309) through an electrical connection line 32 (303);

Insulating bolts 31 (322), nuts 31 (321), and nuts 32 (323) are used to fix the electrolytic cell; the bipolar electrolytic cell has multiple sets of nuts and bolts to fix the electrolytic cell to ensure the stability of the electrolytic cell;

The input port 31 (314) inputs carbon dioxide or water, and methanol is generated after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from the output port 31 (312); through fractional distillation, liquid methanol is obtained;

Water is input to the input port 32 (315), oxygen is generated by electrolysis, and the output is discharged into the air through the output port 32 (313), or the oxygen is collected;

The electrode plate 31 (304) is the negative electrode of the electrolytic cell 31 composed of the electrode plate 31 (304), the diaphragm 31 (305), and the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306) is the electrode plate 31 ( 304), diaphragm 31 (305), positive electrode of sub-electrolyte cell 31 composed of bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); diaphragm allows OH ^- ions or water molecules to pass through; diaphragm uses asbestos, or polysulfone, or nickel oxide, etc.;

The bipolar electrode plate 32 (306) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 32 composed of the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), the diaphragm 32 (310), and the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311); the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311) is The positive electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 32 composed of a bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), a diaphragm 32 (310), and a bipolar electrode plate 33 (311);

By analogy, electrode plate 31 (304), diaphragm 31 (305), bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), diaphragm 32 (310), bipolar electrode plate 33 (311), diaphragm 3n-1 (318), electrode Plate 3n (308), process n-1 electrolytic cells; n-1 electrolytic cells together form a bipolar electrolytic cell;

The advantages of bipolar electrolyzers: compact structure, small size, low cost and high output.

Alkaline bipolar electrolytic cell is one unit; or bipolar electrolytic cell is two units; or bipolar electrolytic cell is multiple units;

In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; achieve balanced power supply;

In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; to ensure the smooth operation of the large power grid. Preferred Example 4:

Electrolysis of solid polymer electrolyzer to produce methanol:

The working principle of electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to methanol:

The positive electrode ^{_{reaction: 2CO 2 + 12H + + 12e}} - = 2CH 3 OH + 2H 2 O

The anode _{reaction: 6H 2 O = 3O 2 +} 12H + + 12e -

Overall reaction: 2CO ₂ +4H ₂ O = 2CH ₃ OH + 3O ₂

Electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to produce methanol: as shown in Figure 4, a schematic diagram of a solid polymer bipolar plate electrolyzer, electrolysis power source 41 (401), electrode plate 41 (404), bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), bipolar electrode plate 43 (411), electrode plate 4n (408); end pressing plate 41 (416), end pressing plate 42 (407); insulating plate 41 (417), insulating plate 42 (418); electrical connection line 41 (402), electrical connection Line 42 (403); proton exchange membrane 41 (405), proton exchange membrane 42 (410), proton exchange membrane 4n-1 (418); input port 41 (414), input port 42 (415), input port 4n ( 419); output port 41 (412), output port 42 (413), output port 4n (412); the bipolar plate is both positive and negative; there are grooves on the bipolar plate to facilitate water, methanol, and CO ₂ , Ion transport, diffusion through;

End pressure plate 41 (416), end pressure plate 42 (407): Under pressure, use screws to fix the bipolar electrolytic cell; it can be metal, or alloy, or non-metal, or polymer material;

Between the electrode plate and the diaphragm, or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm, there is a metal oxide as a catalyst: such as: zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or Ferric oxide; or zinc oxide, or chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or a mixture of some oxides in ferric oxide; or zinc oxide, or three Chromium oxide, or copper oxide, or aluminum oxide, or iron oxide, or a complex compound reconstituted by partial oxides in ferric oxide; or a mixture of metals and metal oxides; or carbon particles, metals , A mixture of metal oxides;

Insulating plate 41 (417) and insulating plate 42 (418) function: to isolate the end pressure plate 41 (416) and the end pressure plate 42 (407) from the power supply of the electrolytic cell;

The negative electrode of the electrolysis power supply 41 (401) is connected to the electrode plate 41 (404) through the electrical connection line 41 (402), and the positive electrode of the electrolysis power supply 41 (401) is connected to the electrode plate 4n (409) through the electrical connection line 42 (403);

Insulating bolt 41 (422), nut 41 (421), nut 42 (423) are used to fix the electrolytic cell;

The input port 41 (414) inputs carbon dioxide or water, and methanol is generated after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from the output port 41 (412); through fractional distillation, liquid methanol is obtained;

The input port 42 (415) inputs water, electrolysis generates oxygen, and the output port 42 (413) outputs and discharges into the air, or collects oxygen;

The electrode plate 41 (404) is the negative electrode of the electrolytic cell 41 composed of the electrode plate 41 (404), the proton exchange membrane 41 (405), and the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406) is the electrode plate 41 (404), proton exchange membrane 41 (405), the positive electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 41 composed of bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); the diaphragm allows H ⁺ ions to pass through; the diaphragm adopts a proton exchange membrane;

The bipolar electrode plate 42 (406) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 42 composed of the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), the proton exchange membrane 42 (410), and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411); the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411) ) Is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 42 composed of the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), the proton exchange membrane 42 (410), and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411);

By analogy, electrode plate 41 (404), proton exchange membrane 41 (405), bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), proton exchange membrane 42 (410), bipolar electrode plate 43 (411), proton exchange membrane 4n- 1(418), electrode plate 4n(408), process n-1 sub-electrolysis cells; n-1 sub-electrolysis cells together form a bipolar electrolysis cell;

The solid electrolyte bipolar electrolytic cell is one unit; or the bipolar electrolytic cell is two units; or the bipolar electrolytic cell is multiple units;

Advantages of bipolar electrolyzer: compact structure, small size, low cost, high output; high efficiency;

In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; achieve balanced power supply;

In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; to ensure the smooth operation of the large power grid.

Preferred Example 5:

Energy storage and carbon dioxide storage cycle: as shown in Figure 5, methanol storage 51 (503), carbon dioxide storage 51 (504), methanol produced by other ways 51 (501), and carbon dioxide produced by other ways 51 (502);

Carbon dioxide storage 51 (504) and water use "garbage electric energy" electrolysis to realize methanol chemical energy storage and material storage, that is, to convert carbon dioxide to methanol to realize carbon storage of carbon dioxide;

Garbage power refers to: wind power, solar power, etc., which cannot be absorbed by the grid; or electric power that cannot be absorbed by power plants during the valley period;

Use garbage electricity to electrolyze carbon dioxide and convert water into methanol for storage to realize carbon storage of carbon dioxide; convert electrical energy into chemical energy for storage for other time;

With the improvement of solar power generation efficiency, the use of this electrolytic carbon dioxide energy storage technology will greatly reduce the marginal cost of fuel, thereby solving the energy problem, solving the pollution problem, and solving the problem of carbon sequestration of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.

Although the embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those of ordinary skill in the art can make various deformations or modifications within the scope of the appended claims, and they can also be part of the design.

Claims (5)

1. Energy storage, carbon storage and new energy cycle are characterized by:

   The conversion of electrical energy into other forms of energy is convenient, easy to use, and easy to transport; but the electrical energy itself is ready to use, and the electrical energy that is not consumed in time is lost by the conductor, such as some new energy sources and power valleys. The part of the electric energy generated by the power plant in the stage that cannot be absorbed in time, and the uncertain power output of these uncertain energy sources has an impact on the grid. For example, the power of wind power generation fluctuates with the magnitude of the wind speed, which may even cause the grid to collapse; Hereinafter referred to as "garbage power";

   Methanol cycle; Energy storage cycle; Electricity cycle; Carbon sequestration;

   Hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds are (1) energy storage medium; (2) carbon storage medium for carbon dioxide; convert various forms of energy into chemical energy storage, which will not be consumed in time and will be wasted as "garbage electric energy". In the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water into hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compounds to store energy, and at the same time to achieve carbon dioxide storage; when electricity is needed, hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon compound fuel cells are used to convert the chemical energy of the fuel into electrical energy for use, and the generated carbon dioxide Recycling; realize material recycling and energy storage;

   Carbon dioxide is a cycle intermediate and temporarily stored; source: carbon dioxide in the air; carbon dioxide recovered in various daily uses or factory production processes; carbon dioxide released by fuel cells is re-recovered; temporary storage of carbon dioxide is realized;

   Energy storage, carbon storage and new energy cycle: use the "garbage electric energy" that cannot be absorbed but will be wasted to electrolyze carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol storage to realize chemical energy storage; realize carbon dioxide storage; when users need electricity supply, alcohol fuel On-demand power generation by batteries meets human needs; carbon dioxide and methanol storage has simpler, more economical, and safer environmental requirements than hydrogen storage; zero emissions of carbon; at the same time, carbon dioxide generated by other means and carbon dioxide in the air can be sequestered; more than geological carbon sequestration It is safe and has real economic benefits at the same time; that is, carbon dioxide can be sold for money; only if there is economic benefit to run benign; "garbage electric energy" electrolyzes carbon dioxide and water to produce methanol, which realizes the closed loop of this cycle; the storage of alcohol provides humans with readily available energy , To solve the human energy crisis;

   Photolysis of water, carbon dioxide to alcohol (101), electrolysis of water, carbon dioxide to alcohol (102), industrial alcohol (103), biomass to alcohol (104); alcohol storage (105); alcohol fuel cell (106) ), alcohol internal combustion engine (107), alcohol burner (108); carbon dioxide recovery (109);

   Alcohol:

   Photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohols (101): Use the energy of sunlight to photolysis of water and carbon dioxide into alcohols under the combined action of photolysis catalysts;

   Electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol (102): electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the action of electric energy; or electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide into alcohol under the combined action of electric energy and a catalyst;

   Industrial production of alcohols (103): the use of coal, petroleum, natural gas, biomass and other reforming technologies to convert carbon-containing substances into alcohols;

   Biomass to alcohol (104): Use fermentation technology or enzyme technology to convert biomass into alcohol, or plant genetic modification technology to use the photosynthesis of plants or microorganisms to directly generate alcohols from sunlight, carbon dioxide and water in the air;

   Alcohol storage (105): energy storage, carbon sequestration; other forms of energy are stored in the chemical energy of alcohol; alcohols are liquid at room temperature and pressure due to hydrogen bonding, and are easy to store; carbon sequestration, fixed air In order to reduce the impact of greenhouse gases on the earth’s temperature, and reduce the carbon dioxide emitted by humans in the air since the industrial revolution; or the carbon dioxide produced by the burning of fossil fuels in factories or households; or the carbon dioxide produced by biomass fuels; or alcohol Carbon dioxide produced by fuel cells or alcohol internal combustion engines or carbon dioxide produced by alcohol combustion furnaces; or carbon dioxide produced by gasoline or diesel internal combustion engines;

   Methanol can be stored in general-purpose containers, stored, transported, and sold in oil depots and petroleum transportation equipment; unlike hydrogen, which requires high pressure or extremely low temperature; methanol has a high storage energy density;

   Ways of using alcohols: alcohol fuel cells (106), or alcohol internal combustion engines (107), or alcohol burners (108); converting the chemical energy stored in alcohols into the energy form required by users for human use;

   Alcohol fuel cell (106): Use alcohol to react with oxygen in the air to convert chemical energy into electrical energy for human use in the fuel cell;

   Alcohol internal combustion engine (107): Use alcohol and oxygen in the air to burn in an internal combustion engine to generate power for human use;

   Alcohol burner (108): Use alcohol to burn with oxygen in the air to generate heat for human use;

   The purpose of producing alcohol by electrolysis: Converting "garbage electric energy" into chemical energy storage, realizing excess electric energy storage, and realizing carbon dioxide fixation and carbon sequestration at the same time;

   Peak cutting and filling: Alcohol energy storage new energy cycle: electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol; or photolysis of water and carbon dioxide to alcohol; or fossil fuel reforming to alcohol; or biomass to alcohol; alcohol storage; alcohol fuel cell ; Recovery of carbon dioxide generated by alcohol fuel cells;

   Alcohol production by electrolysis: the use of electrical energy to electrolyze water and carbon dioxide to generate alcohols to convert electrical energy into chemical energy for storage;

   Or photolysis to produce alcohol: use light energy to photolyse water and carbon dioxide to generate methanol, ethanol and other alcohols to convert light energy into chemical energy for storage;

   Sources of carbon dioxide for the production of alcohol by electrolysis or photolysis: (1) Direct use of carbon dioxide in the air; (2) Use of carbon dioxide recovered by alcohol fuel cells; (3) Use of industrially produced products or by-product carbon dioxide; (4) Residents Carbon dioxide produced by burning fuel in daily life;

   Or reforming fossil fuels to produce alcohol: using coal, petroleum, natural gas, combustible ice and other reforming to produce alcohol;

   In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of the alcohol fuel cell; thereby achieving the balanced power supply of the micro-grid; the power micro-grid can be applied to homes, automobiles, Islands, etc.;

   In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; thereby achieving the balanced power supply of the large power grid;

   Alkaline electrolyzer, electrolyzed water and carbon dioxide to produce alcohol;

   Alkaline bipolar electrolyzer electrolyzes carbon dioxide to generate methanol;

   Electrolysis of solid polymer electrolyzer to produce methanol;

   Methanol energy storage, carbon dioxide storage cycle;

   The advantages of the alcohol energy storage new energy cycle and the hydrogen energy storage cycle of the present invention:

   (1) The alcohol energy storage new energy cycle of the present invention and the hydrogen energy storage cycle are both zero carbon dioxide emissions: because carbon dioxide is consumed to produce alcohol when producing alcohol, the carbon dioxide generated by the alcohol fuel cell is recovered through the recovery device, and the electricity is used to decompose alcohol or It is used in the production of alcohol by photolysis to realize the closed-loop operation of carbon dioxide and achieve zero emission of carbon dioxide;

   (2) The boiling point of hydrogen is -252.77°C; the critical temperature is -234.9°C. At the critical temperature, no matter how high the pressure is above the critical temperature, hydrogen cannot be liquefied; the critical temperature of carbon dioxide: 304.2K; carbon dioxide liquefaction is easy to store;

   (3) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuel is much less difficult than the storage of hydrogen;

   (4) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much lower than that of hydrogen storage;

   (5) The storage difficulty of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much higher than that of hydrogen storage, and the density of stored energy is much greater;

   (6) The storage of carbon dioxide and alcohol fuels is much more difficult than hydrogen storage, and it is much safer: and can smoothly realize carbon sequestration, that is, fix carbon dioxide and realize carbon sequestration.
2. The energy storage, carbon storage and new energy cycle of claim 1, wherein:

   Alkaline electrolysis cell, electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide alcohol: electrolysis power source 21 (201), lead 21 (202), cathode plate 21 (205), electrolyte 21 (204), carbon dioxide inlet pipe 21 (210), electrolytic cell 21 ( 206), diaphragm 21 (208), electrolyte 22 (209), anode plate 21 (207), wire 22 (203);

   The negative electrode of the electrolysis power source 21 (201) is connected to the cathode plate 21 (205) through a wire 21 (202); the positive electrode of the electrolysis power source 21 (201) is connected to the anode plate 21 (207) through a wire 22 (203); the electrolyte 21 (204) ) Is an alkaline aqueous solution, such as NaOH, or KOH, or LiOH aqueous solution, etc.;

   The diaphragm 21 (208) divides the electrolytic cell 21 (206) into two parts;

   The carbon dioxide inlet pipe 21 (210) passes carbon dioxide into the electrolyte 21 (204) solution, and the solution contains OH ^- ions, CO ₃ ^2- ions, cations, and H ⁺ ions;

   The electrolysis half reaction equation of the cathode:

   ^{_{10H 2 O + 12e - + 2CO}} 2 = 2CH 3 OH + 12OH -

   Or ^{_{8H 2 O + 12e - + 2H}} 2 CO 3 = 2CH 3 OH + 12OH -

   The electrolysis half reaction equation of the anode:

   ^{_{12OH - = 3O 2 + 6H 2}} O + 12e -

   The overall reaction equation:

   4H ₂ O+2CO ₂ ＝2CH ₃ OH+3O ₂

   Or 2H ₂ O+2H ₂ CO ₃ ＝2CH ₃ OH+3O ₂

   The anode plate 21 (207) and the cathode plate 21 (205) can be made of metal, alloy, or graphite;

   Catalyst, to increase the reaction rate of electrolyzing carbon dioxide to methanol; catalyst metal, or metal oxide; or a mixture of multiple oxides; or a mixture of metals and metal oxides; or a mixture of carbon particles, metals, and metal oxides;

   The catalyst adheres to the anode plate 21 (207) or the cathode plate 21 (205);

   Or the catalyst adheres to the cathode material between the cathode plate 21 (205) and the diaphragm 21 (208); cathode material nanoparticles, such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, and silicon nanoparticles;

   Or the catalyst adheres to the anode material between the anode plate 21 (207) and the diaphragm 21 (208); anode material nanoparticles, such as carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, silicon nanoparticles;

   The diaphragm 21 (208) is made of asbestos, or polysulfone, or nickel oxide, etc.;

   The boiling point of methanol under standard atmospheric pressure is 64.7°C, only the temperature is controlled between 64.7°C and 100°C, and methanol is distilled out, and methanol can be separated from water to obtain methanol liquid;

   In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; achieve balanced power supply;

   In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; to ensure the smooth operation of the large power grid.
3. The energy storage, carbon storage and new energy cycle of claim 1, wherein:

   Alkaline bipolar electrolyzer electrolyzes carbon dioxide to generate methanol: schematic diagram of bipolar plate electrolyzer, electrolysis power source 31 (301), electrode plate 31 (304), bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), bipolar electrode plate 33 (311) , Electrode plate 3n (308); end pressing plate 31 (316), end pressing plate 32 (307); insulating plate 31 (317), insulating plate 32 (318); electrical connection line 31 (302), electrical connection line 32 (303 ); Diaphragm 31 (305), Diaphragm 32 (310), Diaphragm 3n-1 (318); Input port 31 (314), Input port 32 (315), Input port 3n (319); Output port 31 (312), Output port 32 (313), output port 3n (312); the bipolar plate is both positive and negative; there are grooves on the bipolar plate to facilitate the transportation and diffusion of _{water, methanol, CO 2, and ions;}

   End pressure plate 31 (316), end pressure plate 32 (307): under pressure, use screws to fix the bipolar electrolytic cell; it can be metal, or alloy, or non-metal, or polymer material;

   Between the electrode plate and the diaphragm, or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm is a catalyst: catalyst metal, or metal oxide; or a mixture of multiple oxides; or a mixture of metals and metal oxides; or carbon particles, metals, A mixture of metal oxides;

   Insulating plate 31 (317) and insulating plate 32 (318) function: to isolate the end pressure plate 31 (316) and the end pressure plate 32 (307) from the electrolytic cell power supply;

   The negative electrode of the electrolysis power supply 31 (301) is connected to the electrode plate 31 (304) through an electrical connection line 31 (302), and the positive electrode of the electrolysis power supply 31 (301) is connected to the electrode plate 3n (309) through an electrical connection line 32 (303);

   Insulating bolts 31 (322), nuts 31 (321), and nuts 32 (323) are used to fix the electrolytic cell; the bipolar electrolytic cell has multiple sets of nuts and bolts to fix the electrolytic cell to ensure the stability of the electrolytic cell;

   The input port 31 (314) inputs carbon dioxide or water, and methanol is generated after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from the output port 31 (312); through fractional distillation, liquid methanol is obtained;

   Water is input to the input port 32 (315), oxygen is generated by electrolysis, and the output is discharged into the air through the output port 32 (313), or the oxygen is collected;

   The electrode plate 31 (304) is the negative electrode of the electrolytic cell 31 composed of the electrode plate 31 (304), the diaphragm 31 (305), and the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306) is the electrode plate 31 ( 304), diaphragm 31 (305), positive electrode of sub-electrolyte cell 31 composed of bipolar electrode plate 32 (306); diaphragm allows OH ^- ions or water molecules to pass through; diaphragm uses asbestos, or polysulfone, or nickel oxide, etc.;

   The bipolar electrode plate 32 (306) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 32 composed of the bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), the diaphragm 32 (310), and the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311); the bipolar electrode plate 33 (311) is The positive electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 32 composed of a bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), a diaphragm 32 (310), and a bipolar electrode plate 33 (311);

   By analogy, electrode plate 31 (304), diaphragm 31 (305), bipolar electrode plate 32 (306), diaphragm 32 (310), bipolar electrode plate 33 (311), diaphragm 3n-1 (318), electrode Plate 3n (308), process n-1 electrolytic cells; n-1 electrolytic cells together form a bipolar electrolytic cell;

   Alkaline bipolar electrolytic cell is one unit; or bipolar electrolytic cell is two units; or bipolar electrolytic cell is multiple units;

   Advantages of bipolar electrolyzer: compact structure, small size, low cost and high output;

   In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; achieve balanced power supply;

   In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; to ensure the smooth operation of the large power grid.
4. The energy storage, carbon storage and new energy cycle of claim 1, wherein:

   Electrolysis of solid polymer electrolyzer to produce methanol:

   The working principle of electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to methanol:

   The positive electrode ^{_{reaction: 2CO 2 + 12H + + 12e}} - = 2CH 3 OH + 2H 2 O

   The anode _{reaction: 6H 2 O = 3O 2 +} 12H + + 12e -

   Overall reaction: 2CO ₂ +4H ₂ O = 2CH ₃ OH + 3O ₂

   Electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to produce methanol: electrolysis power supply 41 (401), electrode plate 41 (404), bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), bipolar electrode plate 43 (411), electrode plate 4n (408); end pressure plate 41 ( 416), end pressure plate 42 (407); insulating plate 41 (417), insulating plate 42 (418); electrical connection line 41 (402), electrical connection line 42 (403); proton exchange membrane 41 (405), proton exchange Membrane 42 (410), proton exchange membrane 4n-1 (418); input port 41 (414), input port 42 (415), input port 4n (419); output port 41 (412), output port 42 (413) , Output port 4n (412); the bipolar plate is both positive and negative; there are grooves on the bipolar plate to facilitate the transportation and diffusion of _{water, methanol, CO 2, and ions;}

   End pressure plate 41 (416), end pressure plate 42 (407): Under pressure, use screws to fix the bipolar electrolytic cell; it can be metal, or alloy, or non-metal, or polymer material;

   Between the electrode plate and the diaphragm, or between the bipolar plate and the diaphragm, there is a metal oxide as a catalyst: catalyst metal, or metal oxide; or a mixture of multiple oxides; or a mixture of metals and metal oxides; or carbon Mixtures of particles, metals, and metal oxides;

   Insulating plate 41 (417) and insulating plate 42 (418) function: to isolate the end pressure plate 41 (416) and the end pressure plate 42 (407) from the power supply of the electrolytic cell;

   The negative electrode of the electrolysis power supply 41 (401) is connected to the electrode plate 41 (404) through the electrical connection line 41 (402), and the positive electrode of the electrolysis power supply 41 (401) is connected to the electrode plate 4n (409) through the electrical connection line 42 (403);

   Insulating bolt 41 (422), nut 41 (421), nut 42 (423) are used to fix the electrolytic cell;

   The input port 41 (414) inputs carbon dioxide or water, and methanol is generated after electrolysis; the generated methanol is output from the output port 41 (412); through fractional distillation, liquid methanol is obtained;

   The input port 42 (415) inputs water, electrolysis generates oxygen, and the output port 42 (413) outputs and discharges into the air, or collects oxygen;

   The electrode plate 41 (404) is the negative electrode of the electrolytic cell 41 composed of the electrode plate 41 (404), the proton exchange membrane 41 (405), and the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406) is the electrode plate 41 (404), proton exchange membrane 41 (405), the positive electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 41 composed of bipolar electrode plate 42 (406); the diaphragm allows H ⁺ ions to pass through; the diaphragm adopts a proton exchange membrane;

   The bipolar electrode plate 42 (406) is the negative electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 42 composed of the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), the proton exchange membrane 42 (410), and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411); the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411) ) Is the positive electrode of the sub-electrolysis cell 42 composed of the bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), the proton exchange membrane 42 (410), and the bipolar electrode plate 43 (411);

   By analogy, electrode plate 41 (404), proton exchange membrane 41 (405), bipolar electrode plate 42 (406), proton exchange membrane 42 (410), bipolar electrode plate 43 (411), proton exchange membrane 4n- 1(418), electrode plate 4n(408), process n-1 sub-electrolysis cells; n-1 sub-electrolysis cells together form a bipolar electrolysis cell;

   The solid electrolyte bipolar electrolytic cell is one unit; or the bipolar electrolytic cell is two units; or the bipolar electrolytic cell is multiple units;

   Advantages of bipolar electrolyzer: compact structure, small size, low cost, high output; high efficiency;

   In the power micro-grid, by monitoring the status of various power generation and electrical equipment, control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; achieve balanced power supply;

   In the power grid, use the power Internet or the parameters provided by the power control system to control the electrolysis of carbon dioxide and water to generate methanol; and control the power generation of alcohol fuel cells; to ensure the smooth operation of the large power grid.
5. The energy storage, carbon storage and new energy cycle of claim 1, wherein:

   Energy storage and carbon dioxide storage cycle: methanol storage 51 (503), carbon dioxide storage 51 (504), methanol produced by other ways 51 (501), carbon dioxide produced by other ways 51 (502);

   Carbon dioxide storage 51 (504) and water use "garbage electric energy" electrolysis to realize methanol chemical energy storage and material storage, that is, to convert carbon dioxide to methanol to realize carbon storage of carbon dioxide;

   Garbage power refers to: wind power, solar power, etc., which cannot be absorbed by the grid; or electric power that cannot be absorbed by power plants during the valley period;

   Use garbage electricity to electrolyze carbon dioxide and convert water into methanol for storage to realize carbon storage of carbon dioxide; convert electrical energy into chemical energy for storage for other time;

   With the improvement of solar power generation efficiency, the use of this electrolytic carbon dioxide energy storage technology will greatly reduce the marginal cost of fuel, thereby solving the energy problem, solving the pollution problem, and solving the problem of carbon sequestration of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.

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