WO2021219956A1 - Hydraulic road binder comprising biomass fly ash, pavement course material, and soils treated with said binder - Google Patents

Hydraulic road binder comprising biomass fly ash, pavement course material, and soils treated with said binder Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021219956A1
WO2021219956A1 PCT/FR2021/050729 FR2021050729W WO2021219956A1 WO 2021219956 A1 WO2021219956 A1 WO 2021219956A1 FR 2021050729 W FR2021050729 W FR 2021050729W WO 2021219956 A1 WO2021219956 A1 WO 2021219956A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
binder composition
hydraulic
composition according
hydraulic road
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2021/050729
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Julien Waligora
Stéphane DUPRIET
Loïc DANEST
Original Assignee
Surschiste
Eiffage Infrastructures
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Surschiste, Eiffage Infrastructures filed Critical Surschiste
Priority to EP21732395.5A priority Critical patent/EP4143145A1/en
Publication of WO2021219956A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021219956A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
    • E01C7/14—Concrete paving
    • E01C7/142—Mixtures or their components, e.g. aggregate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/021—Ash cements, e.g. fly ash cements ; Cements based on incineration residues, e.g. alkali-activated slags from waste incineration ; Kiln dust cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • Hydraulic road binder comprising fly ash from biomass, material for pavement bedding and soils treated with said binder
  • the present invention relates to the field of hydraulic road binders (LHR) and materials comprising.
  • LHR hydraulic road binders
  • the present invention relates to materials and soils treated with hydraulic road binders for the base and subgrade of the roadway, such as road gravel, made up of natural and / or recycled aggregates and sands (asphalt aggregates bituminous, crushed concrete, incineration bottom ash) and natural soils (silt, sands).
  • road gravel made up of natural and / or recycled aggregates and sands (asphalt aggregates bituminous, crushed concrete, incineration bottom ash) and natural soils (silt, sands).
  • Standardized hydraulic road binders (LHR) and cements (CEM) are main constituents of materials used in public works, civil engineering and construction.
  • CEM cements
  • the manufacturing processes of these usual binders such as traditional Portland cement (CEM I) generate a considerable CO2 emission. Therefore, alternative hydraulic binders that emit less CO2 than Portland cement have been developed and are still being investigated.
  • by-products from other industries can be used as the main constituent of road hydraulic binder.
  • Granulated and ground blast furnace slag resulting from the manufacture of cast iron from iron ore at high temperature (1250 ° C), has been used for many years in hydraulic binders and CEM II standardized cements and CEM III, in addition to clinker.
  • CEM I traditional Portland cement
  • granulated and ground LHF in hydraulic binders and cement compositions remains limited since many of them only contain a small proportion of LHF, less than 50%, the rest of the constituents being mainly CEM I which makes it possible to obtain fast setting kinetics and mechanical performance over time.
  • the biomass sector is broken down into three sub-sectors, segmented according to size and the resulting energy production: individual wood heating, biomass boilers and biomass cogeneration.
  • One result of these developments is the future increase in the production of biomass ash that it would be advantageous to be able to recover.
  • Sub-hearth ash is granular while fly ash is in the form of powder.
  • biomass fly ash is not currently valued as an alternative hydraulic binder to Portland cement, because it is not considered hydraulic, that is to say of ability to set and harden in presence of water.
  • the Applicants have been able, surprisingly, to incorporate fly ash from biomass into compositions of hydraulic road binders, in particular intended for the treatment of serious roads and soils, up to high proportions.
  • the present invention relates to a hydraulic road binder composition
  • a hydraulic road binder composition comprising at least 50% by weight of biomass fly ash and at least one other component selected from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime, source materials of sulphates such as, for example, gypsum and desulphogypsum, granulated and ground blast furnace slag, papermaking ash, Portland cement, ground pozzolans, crushed calcined shales, crushed calcined clays, limestone filler, alone or in mixed.
  • the invention also relates to a treated material for a pavement bed comprising said composition of road hydraulic binder and a mixture of aggregates and sand, natural and / or recycled.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing said treated material, comprising a step of cold mixing, generally at a temperature between 10 ° C and 40 ° C of said road hydraulic binder composition and natural and / or recycled aggregates and sand.
  • the invention also relates to the use of said hydraulic road binder composition in a soil treatment method for carrying out earthworks.
  • the invention also relates to the use of biomass ash in compositions for hydraulic road binders.
  • Figure 1 is a bar diagram representing the compressive strength as a function of the curing time of different compositions of hydraulic road binders according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a bar diagram representing the compressive strength on standardized mortars after 56 days of curing different compositions of hydraulic road binders according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing the compressive strength as a function of the curing time of different materials treated for pavement bedding according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a graph showing the compressive strength as a function of the curing time of different materials treated for pavement bed according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a bar diagram representing the compressive strength as a function of the curing time of a soil treated with a hydraulic road binder composition according to the invention. Detailed description of the invention
  • the invention relates to a road hydraulic binder composition
  • a road hydraulic binder composition comprising at least 50% by weight of biomass fly ash and at least one other component selected from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime, source materials of sulphates such as, for example, gypsum and desulphogypsum, granulated and ground blast furnace slag, papermaking ash, Portland cement, ground pozzolans, crushed calcined shales, crushed calcined clays, limestone filler, alone or in mixture, advantageously chosen from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime, sulphate source materials such as for example gypsum and desulphogypsum, granulated and ground blast furnace slag, stationery ash, Portland cement , crushed calcined shale, calcined and crushed clay, alone or in mixture.
  • a road hydraulic binder is a material for binding together granular compounds or soil particles by reaction with water so that the final material is cohesive and applicable to the road.
  • LFIRs are intended for the treatment of aggregates and soils for the construction of road bases, subgrade and earthworks. .
  • biomass denotes any product composed of a plant material originating from agriculture or forestry and which can be used as fuel for the purpose of use. amount of energy it contains as well as the following wastes, used as fuel:
  • wood waste which is likely to contain halogenated organic compounds or toxic metals following treatment with wood preservatives or the placement of a coating, including in particular wood waste of this type originating from construction or demolition waste.
  • biomass fly ash corresponds to fly ash obtained during the combustion, at at least 850 ° C, of biomass and / or co-combustion, at at least 850 ° C, of biomass and at least one recycled fuel product (PCR) and / or a fuel of fossil origin, such as ashy coal, gas or heavy fuel oil in minority proportions, i.e. less than 15 % in weight.
  • PCR recycled fuel product
  • source of sulfates means a compound or a material releasing sulfate ions (SO4 2 ' ) in an aqueous medium, such as natural gypsum, desulfogypsum and any other industrial gypsum (phosphogypsum, lactogypsum, etc.).
  • the road hydraulic binder composition comprises at least two other components chosen from slaked lime, Portland cement and granulated and ground blast furnace slag.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition comprises at least one material which is a source of sulphates, such as gypsum and / or desulphogypsum.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition comprises at least two other components chosen from slaked lime, Portland cement and granulated and ground blast furnace slag and comprises at least one source material of sulphates, such as gypsum and / or desulfogypsum.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention comprises between 55% and 90% by weight of biomass fly ash, advantageously between 60% and 85% by weight and more advantageously between 65% and 80% by weight.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 20% by weight of slaked lime, advantageously between 5% and 20% by weight, more advantageously between 10% and 15% by weight.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 20% by weight of quicklime, advantageously between 5% and 20% by weight, more preferably between 10% and 15% by weight.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 15% of the sulphate source material, advantageously between
  • the sulfate source material is chosen from gypsum and desulfogypsum alone or as a mixture.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 35% by weight of granulated and ground blast furnace slag, advantageously between 5% and 35% by weight, more advantageously between 10% and 30% by weight. weight.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 50% by weight of papermaking ash, preferably between 5% and 50% by weight, more preferably between 10% and 30% by weight.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 35% by weight of Portland cement, preferably between 5% and 35% by weight, more preferably between 10% and 30% by weight.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 35% by weight of ground pozzolans, advantageously between 5% and 35% by weight, more advantageously between 10% and 30% by weight.
  • the hydraulic road binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 35% by weight of crushed calcined shale, advantageously between 5% and 35% by weight, more advantageously between 10% and 30% by weight.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention may comprise up to 30% by weight of crushed calcined clays, advantageously between 5% and 30% by weight, more advantageously between 10% and 25% by weight.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 35% by weight of limestone filler, preferably between 5% and 35% by weight, more preferably between 10% and 30% by weight.
  • the composition for road hydraulic binder according to the invention further comprises one or more of the main and secondary components as defined in standards NF P 15-108, NF EN 13282-1 and NF EN 13282-2.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention may comprise up to 44% by weight of crystallized ground oxygen converter slag.
  • a limestone filler is a material consisting of finely ground limestone and intended to fill the voids left by a granular stack of gravel, chippings and sand.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the composition of said hydraulic road binder, comprising a step of mixing biomass ash and said at least one other component selected from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime , sulphate source materials such as, for example, gypsum and desulphogypsum, granulated and ground blast furnace slag, paper mill ash, Portland cement, ground pozzolans, crushed calcined shales, crushed calcined clays, filler limestone, alone or as a mixture, advantageously used with a production unit for composite products, UPPC N ° 1 - N ° 2 - N ° 3 of Surschiste SA
  • the invention also relates to a treated material for a pavement bed comprising said composition of hydraulic road binder according to the invention and a mixture of aggregates and sand, natural and / or recycled.
  • the material treated according to the invention can be used in the foundation layer of the road, both as a foundation layer and as a base layer.
  • the aggregates and sand of said treated material for pavement base according to the invention consist of at least 80% by weight of recycled asphalt, preferably 100% by weight.
  • the recycled asphalt can in particular come from the planing or crushing of the surface layers (rolling, bonding) and / or the base layer of an old pavement.
  • the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention represents between 3.5% and 6% by weight of said treated material for pavement bedding, preferably between 4% and 5% by weight.
  • the treated material for pavement base according to the invention further comprises up to 20% by weight of corrective sand.
  • Corrector sand is natural and / or recycled sand and serves as a granulometric corrector of the material when the latter does not contain, as it is, sufficient fine particles.
  • the materials for pavement bed treated with said hydraulic binder according to the invention have the mechanical strengths corresponding to the standard NF EN 14-227-5 on granular mixtures treated with hydraulic road binders , with a performance class T2, T3 or T4 at 360 days depending on the percentage by weight of said hydraulic binder.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing said treated material comprising a step of cold mixing, advantageously between 10 ° C and 40 ° C, of said hydraulic road binder composition according to the invention and natural aggregates and sand and / or recycled.
  • cold is understood to mean the fact of not providing heat energy, in other words, a cold process is a process carried out at the ambient temperature of the place of its implementation.
  • the process according to the invention is carried out in a mixing plant.
  • the cold mixing of said binder composition and aggregates is carried out in the factory.
  • the material obtained is then transported to the site for which it is intended.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out directly on site, during the reprocessing of the pavement materials with a dedicated workshop, comprising the spreading of said road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention, the milling of the pavement materials, the mixing, the possible addition of water and the compaction of the treated material.
  • the method according to the invention can be implemented with the ARC ® 700 and ARC ® 1000 (Pavement Treatment Workshop 700 and 1000 Cv) of ElFFAGE Route.
  • binder composition for soil treatment
  • the invention also relates to the use of said hydraulic road binder composition according to the invention in a method for treating soil for carrying out earthworks.
  • the use of the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can, for example, be made in the context of a method for earthmoving a ground comprising the steps successive following:
  • the step of adjusting the water state can consist in mixing the loose soil either with water if it is not wet enough, or with quicklime if it is not wet enough. is too wet.
  • the invention also relates to the use of fly ash from biomass in combination with at least one other component chosen from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime, source materials of sulphates, blast furnace slag granulated and ground, paper mill ashes, Portland cement, ground pozzolans, crushed calcined shales, crushed calcined clays, limestone filler, alone or as a mixture in compositions of hydraulic road binders.
  • the biomass ash is used in combination with at least two other components selected from slaked lime, Portland cement and granulated and ground blast furnace slag.
  • Example 1 Hydraulic setting of hydraulic road binder compositions according to the invention
  • Hydraulic reactivity tests were carried out on pure binder pastes (road hydraulic binder composition alone mixed with water). Cylindrical test pieces with a diameter of 4 cm and a height of 8 cm were made with the compositions LHR 1, LHR 2, LHR 3 and LHR 4 by adding 65%, 55%, 55% and 50% respectively. by weight of water, to achieve a similar consistency. These test pieces were stored in closed cases at 20 ° C and 90% humidity. After curing times of 14, 28 and 56 days, they were subjected to crushing in simple compression according to standard NF EN 13286-41.
  • Example 2 mechanical performance of binders based on biomass ash on standardized mortars
  • Example 3 material for pavement bed treated with a hydraulic binder based on biomass ash
  • Test pieces of these two materials were made while respecting the Optimum Proctor compaction references Modified to 5% binder according to standard NF EN 13286-2 in order to be able to characterize them with the following standardized tests:
  • the pavement foundation materials according to the invention with the applied hydraulic binder dosages, belong to the mechanical performance class T3 from 60 days of cure.
  • the moduli of elasticity obtained are less than 10 GPa. They are intermediate between an asphalt mix and a serious cement, making the treated material much less sensitive to transverse cracking, and offering excellent durability over time.
  • Example 4 floor for pavement bed treated with a hydraulic binder based on biomass ash
  • Test specimens of these two materials were made while respecting the Optimum Proctor compaction references Modified to 5% binder according to standard NF EN 13286-2 in order to be able to characterize them with the following standardized tests:
  • the materials for the pavement base according to the invention, with the applied hydraulic binder dosages, belong to the mechanical performance class T1 at 60 days of cure.
  • the moduli of elasticity obtained after 60 days of cure are less than 10 GPa.
  • Example 5 soil for a pavement sub-layer treated with a binder based on biomass ash
  • This example illustrates the treatment of a natural soil classified as B5 according to the NF P 11-300 standard with the LHR binder 4 at 6% by weight, without pretreatment with quicklime.
  • the methodology of the formulation studies in the laboratory was applied according to standard NF P 94-102-2.
  • Test specimens of this treated soil were made in accordance with the Optimum Proctor Normal compaction references according to standard NF P 94-093 in order to be able to characterize it with the following standardized tests:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydraulic road binder composition comprising at least 50% by weight of biomass fly ash and at least one other component chosen from the group consisting of slaked lime, quick lime, sulfate source materials, ground-granulated blast furnace slag, papermaking ash, Portland cement, ground pozzolans, ground calcined shales, ground calcined clays, limestone filler, alone or as a mixture. The invention also relates to a treated pavement course material comprising said hydraulic road binder and a mixture of natural and/or recycled aggregates and sand. The invention furthermore relates to a process for manufacturing said treated material. The invention also relates to the use of the hydraulic road binder composition according to the invention in a process for treating a soil for carrying out earthworks. The invention also relates to the use of biomass fly ash in hydraulic road binder compositions.

Description

Description Description
Titre : Liant hydraulique routier comprenant des cendres volantes de biomasse, matériau pour assise de chaussée et sols traités avec ledit liant Title: Hydraulic road binder comprising fly ash from biomass, material for pavement bedding and soils treated with said binder
Domaine technique Technical area
[0001] La présente invention relève du domaine des liants hydrauliques routiers (LHR) et des matériaux en comprenant. The present invention relates to the field of hydraulic road binders (LHR) and materials comprising.
[0002] En particulier, la présente invention concerne des matériaux et sols traités avec des liants hydrauliques routiers pour assise et couche de forme de chaussée, tels que les graves routières, composées de granulats et sables naturels et/ou recyclés (agrégats d’enrobés bitumineux, bétons concassés, mâchefers d’incinération) et les sols naturels (limons, sables). [0002] In particular, the present invention relates to materials and soils treated with hydraulic road binders for the base and subgrade of the roadway, such as road gravel, made up of natural and / or recycled aggregates and sands (asphalt aggregates bituminous, crushed concrete, incineration bottom ash) and natural soils (silt, sands).
Technique antérieure Prior art
[0003] La diminution de l’impact de l’activité humaine sur l’environnement représente aujourd’hui un enjeu mondial majeur. La principale action pour préserver l’environnement est de diminuer de manière drastique les émissions de dioxyde de carbone (CO2), de sorte à ralentir la hausse globale de la température terrestre. Une autre grande action est le recyclage et la valorisation des matières secondaires (co-produits industriels) de sorte à restreindre le recours aux ressources naturelles et ainsi éviter une pénurie de celles-ci. [0003] The reduction in the impact of human activity on the environment is a major global issue today. The main action to preserve the environment is to drastically reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, so as to slow the global rise in Earth's temperature. Another major action is the recycling and recovery of secondary materials (industrial co-products) so as to restrict the use of natural resources and thus avoid a shortage of these.
[0004] En France, la Loi de transition énergétique pour une croissance verte fixe plusieurs objectifs, parmi lesquels : [0004] In France, the Energy Transition Law for Green Growth sets several objectives, including:
• Réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre de 40% entre 1990 et 2030 et diviser par quatre les émissions de gaz à effet de serre entre 1990 et 2050, • Reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 40% between 1990 and 2030 and cut greenhouse gas emissions by four between 1990 and 2050,
• Réduire de 50% la quantité de déchets mis en décharge à l’horizon 2025 et découpler progressivement la croissance économique et la consommation de matières premières, • Réemployer, orienter vers le recyclage ou les autres formes de valorisation au moins 70% des matières et déchets produits sur les chantiers de construction ou d'entretien routiers. • Reduce by 50% the quantity of waste sent to landfill by 2025 and gradually decouple economic growth and the consumption of raw materials, • Reuse, direct towards recycling or other forms of recovery at least 70% of the materials and waste produced on construction or road maintenance sites.
[0005] Les liants hydrauliques routiers (LHR) et les ciments (CEM) normalisés sont des constituants principaux des matériaux employés dans les travaux publics, le génie civil et la construction. Or, les procédés de fabrication de ces liants usuels tels que le ciment Portland traditionnel (CEM I) génèrent une émission de CO2 considérable. Par conséquent, des liants hydrauliques alternatifs permettant d’émettre moins de CO2 que le ciment Portland ont été développés et sont encore en cours d’investigations. En particulier, des co-produits d’autres industries peuvent être utilisés comme constituant principal de liant hydraulique routier. Parmi ces co-produits on peut citer le laitier de haut-fourneau (LHF) granulé et moulu, les pouzzolanes, le filler calcaire ou encore les cendres volantes de charbon. [0005] Standardized hydraulic road binders (LHR) and cements (CEM) are main constituents of materials used in public works, civil engineering and construction. However, the manufacturing processes of these usual binders such as traditional Portland cement (CEM I) generate a considerable CO2 emission. Therefore, alternative hydraulic binders that emit less CO2 than Portland cement have been developed and are still being investigated. In particular, by-products from other industries can be used as the main constituent of road hydraulic binder. Among these by-products, mention may be made of granulated and ground blast furnace slag (LHF), pozzolans, limestone filler or even coal fly ash.
[0006] Le laitier de haut-fourneau granulé et moulu, issu de la fabrication de fonte à partir de minerai de fer à haute température (1250°C), est utilisé depuis de nombreuses années dans les liants hydrauliques et ciments normalisés CEM II et CEM III, en addition au clinker. Plusieurs avantages techniques liés au LHF ont été mis en évidence dans les matériaux routiers vis-à-vis du ciment Portland traditionnel (CEM I) : cinétique de prise lente et continue dans le temps, délai de maniabilité amélioré, diminution de la fissuration et meilleure durabilité. Cependant, l’emploi du LHF granulé et moulu dans des compositions de liants hydrauliques et ciments reste limité puisque nombre d’entre eux ne contient qu’une faible proportion de LHF, inférieure à 50%, le reste des constituants étant majoritairement du CEM I qui permet d’obtenir une cinétique de prise et des performances mécaniques rapides dans le temps. Granulated and ground blast furnace slag, resulting from the manufacture of cast iron from iron ore at high temperature (1250 ° C), has been used for many years in hydraulic binders and CEM II standardized cements and CEM III, in addition to clinker. Several technical advantages linked to LHF have been demonstrated in road materials compared to traditional Portland cement (CEM I): slow and continuous setting kinetics over time, improved handling time, reduced cracking and better durability. However, the use of granulated and ground LHF in hydraulic binders and cement compositions remains limited since many of them only contain a small proportion of LHF, less than 50%, the rest of the constituents being mainly CEM I which makes it possible to obtain fast setting kinetics and mechanical performance over time.
[0007] Les cendres volantes de charbon sont issues des centrales à charbon. Ces centrales étant vouées à être mises à l’arrêt, la production de cendres volantes de charbon deviendra prochainement quasi-nulle et les stocks existants seront majoritairement utilisés dans des produits à forte valeur ajoutée comme les bétons. [0008] Les centrales à charbon sont progressivement remplacées par des centrales « biomasse ». En effet, la matière organique constituant la biomasse peut être transformée en produits énergétiques (biocombustibles, biogaz et biocarburants) ou brûlée afin de produire de la chaleur et de l’électricité dans des installations de cogénération. [0007] The fly ash from coal comes from coal-fired power stations. As these plants are doomed to be shut down, the production of coal fly ash will soon become almost zero and the existing stocks will mainly be used in products with high added value such as concrete. [0008] Coal-fired power stations are gradually being replaced by “biomass” power stations. Indeed, the organic matter constituting the biomass can be transformed into energy products (biofuels, biogas and biofuels) or burned in order to produce heat and electricity in cogeneration installations.
[0009] La filière biomasse est décomposée en trois sous-filières, segmentées selon la taille et la production d’énergie résultante : le chauffage individuel au bois, les chaufferies biomasse et la cogénération biomasse. Une résultante de ces développements est l’augmentation à venir de la production de cendres de biomasse qu’il serait avantageux de pouvoir valoriser. [0009] The biomass sector is broken down into three sub-sectors, segmented according to size and the resulting energy production: individual wood heating, biomass boilers and biomass cogeneration. One result of these developments is the future increase in the production of biomass ash that it would be advantageous to be able to recover.
[0010] On distingue deux types de cendres de biomasse, les cendres sous-foyer et les cendres volantes. Les cendres sous-foyer sont granulaires tandis que les cendres volantes se présentent sous la forme de poudre. There are two types of biomass ash, sub-hearth ash and fly ash. Sub-hearth ash is granular while fly ash is in the form of powder.
[0011] Cependant, les cendres volantes de biomasse ne sont à ce jour pas valorisées comme liant hydraulique alternatif au ciment Portland, car elles ne sont pas considérées comme hydrauliques, c’est-à-dire de capacité à faire prise et à durcir en présence d’eau. However, biomass fly ash is not currently valued as an alternative hydraulic binder to Portland cement, because it is not considered hydraulic, that is to say of ability to set and harden in presence of water.
[0012] Les Demanderesses ont pu, de manière surprenante, incorporer des cendres volantes de biomasse dans des compositions de liants hydrauliques routiers, notamment destinés au traitement de graves routières et de sols, jusqu’à de fortes proportions. The Applicants have been able, surprisingly, to incorporate fly ash from biomass into compositions of hydraulic road binders, in particular intended for the treatment of serious roads and soils, up to high proportions.
Résumé de l’invention Summary of the invention
[0013] La présente invention concerne une composition de liant hydraulique routier comprenant au moins 50% en poids de cendres volantes de biomasse et au moins un autre composant choisi dans le groupe constitué de la chaux éteinte, de la chaux vive, des matériaux sources de sulfates tels que par exemple le gypse et le désulfogypse, du laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu, des cendres de papeterie, du ciment Portland, des pouzzolanes broyées, des schistes calcinés broyés, des argiles calcinées broyées, du filler calcaire, seuls ou en mélange. [0014] L’invention concerne également un matériau traité pour assise de chaussée comprenant ladite composition de liant hydraulique routier et un mélange de granulats et sable, naturels et/ou recyclés. The present invention relates to a hydraulic road binder composition comprising at least 50% by weight of biomass fly ash and at least one other component selected from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime, source materials of sulphates such as, for example, gypsum and desulphogypsum, granulated and ground blast furnace slag, papermaking ash, Portland cement, ground pozzolans, crushed calcined shales, crushed calcined clays, limestone filler, alone or in mixed. [0014] The invention also relates to a treated material for a pavement bed comprising said composition of road hydraulic binder and a mixture of aggregates and sand, natural and / or recycled.
[0015] L’invention porte, par ailleurs, sur un procédé de fabrication dudit matériau traité, comprenant une étape de mélange à froid, généralement à une température comprise entre 10°C et 40°C de ladite composition de liant hydraulique routier et des granulats et sable naturels et/ou recyclés. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing said treated material, comprising a step of cold mixing, generally at a temperature between 10 ° C and 40 ° C of said road hydraulic binder composition and natural and / or recycled aggregates and sand.
[0016] L’invention concerne également l’utilisation de ladite composition de liant hydraulique routier dans un procédé de traitement d’un sol pour la réalisation de travaux de terrassement. The invention also relates to the use of said hydraulic road binder composition in a soil treatment method for carrying out earthworks.
[0017] L’invention concerne également l’utilisation de cendres de biomasse dans des compositions de liants hydrauliques routiers. [0017] The invention also relates to the use of biomass ash in compositions for hydraulic road binders.
Brève description des figures Brief description of the figures
[0018] [Fig. 1] La figure 1 est un diagramme de barre représentant la résistance en compression en fonction du temps de cure de différentes compositions de liants hydrauliques routiers selon l’invention. [0018] [Fig. 1] Figure 1 is a bar diagram representing the compressive strength as a function of the curing time of different compositions of hydraulic road binders according to the invention.
[0019] [Fig. 2] La figure 2 est un diagramme de barre représentant la résistance en compression sur mortiers normalisés après 56 jours de cure de différentes compositions de liants hydrauliques routiers selon l’invention. [0020] [Fig. 3] La figure 3 est un graphique représentant la résistance en compression en fonction du temps de cure de différents matériaux traités pour assise de chaussée selon l’invention. [0019] [Fig. 2] Figure 2 is a bar diagram representing the compressive strength on standardized mortars after 56 days of curing different compositions of hydraulic road binders according to the invention. [0020] [Fig. 3] Figure 3 is a graph showing the compressive strength as a function of the curing time of different materials treated for pavement bedding according to the invention.
[0021] [Fig. 4] La figure 4 est un graphique représentant la résistance en compression en fonction du temps de cure de différents matériaux traités pour assise de chaussée selon l’invention. [0021] [Fig. 4] Figure 4 is a graph showing the compressive strength as a function of the curing time of different materials treated for pavement bed according to the invention.
[0022] [Fig. 5] La figure 5 est un diagramme de barre représentant la résistance en compression en fonction du temps de cure d’un sol traité avec une composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention. Description détaillée de l’invention [0022] [Fig. 5] FIG. 5 is a bar diagram representing the compressive strength as a function of the curing time of a soil treated with a hydraulic road binder composition according to the invention. Detailed description of the invention
Composition de liant hydraulique routier Hydraulic road binder composition
[0023] L’invention concerne une composition de liant hydraulique routier comprenant au moins 50% en poids de cendres volantes de biomasse et au moins un autre composant choisi dans le groupe constitué de la chaux éteinte, de la chaux vive, des matériaux sources de sulfates tels que par exemple le gypse et le désulfogypse, du laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu, des cendres de papeterie, du ciment Portland, des pouzzolanes broyées, des schistes calcinés broyés, des argiles calcinées broyées, du filler calcaire, seuls ou en mélange, avantageusement choisi dans le groupe constitué de la chaux éteinte, de la chaux vive, des matériaux sources de sulfates tels que par exemple le gypse et le désulfogypse, du laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu, des cendres de papeterie, du ciment Portland, des schistes calcinés broyés, de l’argile calcinée et broyée, seuls ou en mélange. The invention relates to a road hydraulic binder composition comprising at least 50% by weight of biomass fly ash and at least one other component selected from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime, source materials of sulphates such as, for example, gypsum and desulphogypsum, granulated and ground blast furnace slag, papermaking ash, Portland cement, ground pozzolans, crushed calcined shales, crushed calcined clays, limestone filler, alone or in mixture, advantageously chosen from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime, sulphate source materials such as for example gypsum and desulphogypsum, granulated and ground blast furnace slag, stationery ash, Portland cement , crushed calcined shale, calcined and crushed clay, alone or in mixture.
[0024] Un liant hydraulique routier (LHR) est un matériau permettant de lier entre eux des composés granulaires ou particules de sols par réaction avec l’eau de sorte à ce que le matériau final soit cohésif et applicable au domaine routier. Comme précisé dans les normes NF P 15-108, NF EN 13282-1 et NF EN 13282-2, les LFIR sont destinés au traitement des granulats et des sols pour la réalisation d’assises de chaussées, de couche de forme et de terrassements. A road hydraulic binder (LHR) is a material for binding together granular compounds or soil particles by reaction with water so that the final material is cohesive and applicable to the road. As specified in standards NF P 15-108, NF EN 13282-1 and NF EN 13282-2, LFIRs are intended for the treatment of aggregates and soils for the construction of road bases, subgrade and earthworks. .
[0025] Au sens de la présente invention, le terme « biomasse » désigne tout produit composé d’une matière végétale provenant de l’agriculture ou de la sylviculture et qui peut être utilisé en tant que combustible dans l’objectif d’un usage effectif de l’énergie qu’il contient ainsi que les déchets ci-après, utilisés en tant que combustibles : [0025] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “biomass” denotes any product composed of a plant material originating from agriculture or forestry and which can be used as fuel for the purpose of use. amount of energy it contains as well as the following wastes, used as fuel:
- les déchets végétaux issus de l’agriculture ou de la sylviculture, - plant waste from agriculture or forestry,
- les déchets végétaux provenant de l’industrie de la transformation alimentaire, si la chaleur produite est valorisée, - plant waste from the food processing industry, if the heat produced is recovered,
- les déchets de liège, - cork waste,
- les déchets végétaux fibreux issus de la production de pâte vierge et de la production du papier à partir de pâte, s’ils sont co-incinérés sur le lieu de production et si la chaleur produite est valorisée, - fibrous vegetable waste from the production of virgin pulp and the production of paper from pulp, if they are co-incinerated at the place of production and if the heat produced is recovered,
- les déchets bois, à l’exception des déchets de bois qui sont susceptibles de contenir des composés organiques halogénés ou des métaux toxiques à la suite d’un traitement avec des conservateurs du bois ou du placement d’un revêtement, y compris en particulier les déchets de bois de ce type provenant de déchets de constructions ou de démolition. - wood waste, with the exception of wood waste which is likely to contain halogenated organic compounds or toxic metals following treatment with wood preservatives or the placement of a coating, including in particular wood waste of this type originating from construction or demolition waste.
[0026] Au sens de la présente invention, le terme cendres volantes de biomasse correspond aux cendres volantes obtenues lors de la combustion, à au moins 850°C, de biomasse et/ou la co-combustion, à au moins 850°C, de biomasse et d’au moins un produit combustible recyclé (PCR) et/ou un combustible d’origine fossile, tel que le charbon cendreux, le gaz ou le fioul lourd en proportions minoritaires, c’est-à-dire inférieures à 15% en poids. For the purposes of the present invention, the term biomass fly ash corresponds to fly ash obtained during the combustion, at at least 850 ° C, of biomass and / or co-combustion, at at least 850 ° C, of biomass and at least one recycled fuel product (PCR) and / or a fuel of fossil origin, such as ashy coal, gas or heavy fuel oil in minority proportions, i.e. less than 15 % in weight.
[0027] On entend par source de sulfates un composé ou un matériau libérant des ions sulfates (SO42') en milieu aqueux, tel que le gypse naturel, le désulfogypse et tout autre gypse industriel (phosphogypse, lactogypse...). The term “source of sulfates” means a compound or a material releasing sulfate ions (SO4 2 ' ) in an aqueous medium, such as natural gypsum, desulfogypsum and any other industrial gypsum (phosphogypsum, lactogypsum, etc.).
[0028] Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, la composition de liant hydraulique routier comporte au moins deux autres composants choisis parmi la chaux éteinte, le ciment Portland et le laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu. In a preferred embodiment, the road hydraulic binder composition comprises at least two other components chosen from slaked lime, Portland cement and granulated and ground blast furnace slag.
[0029] Dans un autre mode de réalisation préféré, la composition de liant hydraulique routier comporte au moins un matériau sources de sulfates, tel que le gypse et/ou le désulfogypse. In another preferred embodiment, the road hydraulic binder composition comprises at least one material which is a source of sulphates, such as gypsum and / or desulphogypsum.
[0030] Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux, la composition de liant hydraulique routier comporte au moins deux autres composants choisis parmi la chaux éteinte, le ciment Portland et le laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu et comporte au moins un matériau sources de sulfates, tel que le gypse et/ou le désulfogypse. In an advantageous embodiment, the road hydraulic binder composition comprises at least two other components chosen from slaked lime, Portland cement and granulated and ground blast furnace slag and comprises at least one source material of sulphates, such as gypsum and / or desulfogypsum.
[0031] Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention comprend entre 55% et 90% en poids de cendres volantes de biomasse, avantageusement entre 60% et 85% en poids et plus avantageusement entre 65% et 80% en poids. [0032] La composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut comprendre jusqu’à 20% en poids de chaux éteinte, avantageusement entre 5% et 20% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 10% et 15% en poids. In one embodiment, the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention comprises between 55% and 90% by weight of biomass fly ash, advantageously between 60% and 85% by weight and more advantageously between 65% and 80% by weight. The road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 20% by weight of slaked lime, advantageously between 5% and 20% by weight, more advantageously between 10% and 15% by weight.
[0033] La composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut comprendre jusqu’à 20% en poids de chaux vive, avantageusement entre 5% et 20% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 10% et 15% en poids. The road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 20% by weight of quicklime, advantageously between 5% and 20% by weight, more preferably between 10% and 15% by weight.
[0034] La composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut comprendre jusqu’à 15% du matériau source de sulfates, avantageusement entreThe road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 15% of the sulphate source material, advantageously between
2% et 15% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 5% et 10% en poids. [0035] De manière avantageuse, le matériau source de sulfate est choisi parmi le gypse et le désulfogypse seuls ou en mélange. 2% and 15% by weight, more preferably between 5% and 10% by weight. Advantageously, the sulfate source material is chosen from gypsum and desulfogypsum alone or as a mixture.
[0036] La composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut comprendre jusqu’à 35% en poids de laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu, avantageusement entre 5% et 35% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 10% et 30% en poids. The road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 35% by weight of granulated and ground blast furnace slag, advantageously between 5% and 35% by weight, more advantageously between 10% and 30% by weight. weight.
[0037] La composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut comprendre jusqu’à 50% en poids de cendres de papeterie, avantageusement entre 5% et 50% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 10% et 30% en poids. [0037] The road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 50% by weight of papermaking ash, preferably between 5% and 50% by weight, more preferably between 10% and 30% by weight.
[0038] La composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut comprendre jusqu’à 35% en poids de ciment Portland, avantageusement entre 5% et 35% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 10% et 30% en poids. The road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 35% by weight of Portland cement, preferably between 5% and 35% by weight, more preferably between 10% and 30% by weight.
[0039] La composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut comprendre jusqu’à 35% en poids de pouzzolanes broyés, avantageusement entre 5% et 35% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 10% et 30% en poids. [0040] La composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut comprendre jusqu’à 35% en poids de schistes calcinés broyés, avantageusement entre 5% et 35% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 10% et 30% en poids. [0041] La composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut comprendre jusqu’à 30% en poids d’argiles calcinées broyées, avantageusement entre 5% et 30% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 10% et 25% en poids. The road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 35% by weight of ground pozzolans, advantageously between 5% and 35% by weight, more advantageously between 10% and 30% by weight. The hydraulic road binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 35% by weight of crushed calcined shale, advantageously between 5% and 35% by weight, more advantageously between 10% and 30% by weight. The road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention may comprise up to 30% by weight of crushed calcined clays, advantageously between 5% and 30% by weight, more advantageously between 10% and 25% by weight.
[0042] La composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut comprendre jusqu’à 35% en poids de filler calcaire, avantageusement entre 5% et 35% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 10% et 30% en poids. The road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can comprise up to 35% by weight of limestone filler, preferably between 5% and 35% by weight, more preferably between 10% and 30% by weight.
[0043] Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition pour liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention comporte en outre un ou plusieurs des composants principaux et secondaires tels que définis dans les normes NF P 15-108, NF EN 13282-1 et NF EN 13282-2. En particulier, la composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut comprendre jusqu’à 44% en poids de laitier cristallisé de convertisseur à oxygène moulu. In one embodiment, the composition for road hydraulic binder according to the invention further comprises one or more of the main and secondary components as defined in standards NF P 15-108, NF EN 13282-1 and NF EN 13282-2. In particular, the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention may comprise up to 44% by weight of crystallized ground oxygen converter slag.
[0044] De manière communément acceptée, un filler calcaire est un matériau constitué de calcaire finement broyé et destiné à combler les vides laissés par un empilement granulaire de graviers, gravillons et sable. Commonly accepted, a limestone filler is a material consisting of finely ground limestone and intended to fill the voids left by a granular stack of gravel, chippings and sand.
Procédé de fabrication du Liant Hydraulique routier Road hydraulic binder manufacturing process
[0045] L’invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication de la composition dudit liant hydraulique routier, comprenant une étape de mélange des cendres de biomasse et dudit au moins un autre composant choisi dans le groupe constitué de la chaux éteinte, de la chaux vive, des matériaux sources de sulfates tels que par exemple le gypse et le désulfogypse, du laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu, des cendres de papeterie, du ciment Portland, des pouzzolanes broyées, des schistes calcinés broyés, des argiles calcinées broyées, du filler calcaire, seuls ou en mélange, avantageusement mise en œuvre avec une unité de production de produits composés, U.P.P.C N°1 - N°2 - N°3 de Surschiste S.A.The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the composition of said hydraulic road binder, comprising a step of mixing biomass ash and said at least one other component selected from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime , sulphate source materials such as, for example, gypsum and desulphogypsum, granulated and ground blast furnace slag, paper mill ash, Portland cement, ground pozzolans, crushed calcined shales, crushed calcined clays, filler limestone, alone or as a mixture, advantageously used with a production unit for composite products, UPPC N ° 1 - N ° 2 - N ° 3 of Surschiste SA
Matériau traité pour assise de chaussée Treated material for pavement
[0046] L’invention concerne également un matériau traité pour assise de chaussée comprenant ladite composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention et un mélange de granulats et sable, naturels et/ou recyclés. [0047] Ainsi, le matériau traité selon l’invention peut être mis en œuvre dans la couche d’assise de chaussée, aussi bien en couche de fondation qu’en couche de base. The invention also relates to a treated material for a pavement bed comprising said composition of hydraulic road binder according to the invention and a mixture of aggregates and sand, natural and / or recycled. Thus, the material treated according to the invention can be used in the foundation layer of the road, both as a foundation layer and as a base layer.
[0048] De manière avantageuse, les granulats et sable dudit matériau traité pour assise de chaussée selon l’invention, sont constitués d’au moins 80% en poids d’enrobés recyclés, avantageusement de 100% en poids. Advantageously, the aggregates and sand of said treated material for pavement base according to the invention consist of at least 80% by weight of recycled asphalt, preferably 100% by weight.
[0049] Les enrobés recyclés peuvent notamment provenir du rabotage ou concassage des couches de surface (roulement, liaison) et/ou de la couche d’assise d’une ancienne chaussée. [0049] The recycled asphalt can in particular come from the planing or crushing of the surface layers (rolling, bonding) and / or the base layer of an old pavement.
[0050] Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, la composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention représente entre 3,5 % et 6% en poids dudit matériau traité pour assise de chaussée, de préférence entre 4% et 5% en poids. In a preferred embodiment, the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention represents between 3.5% and 6% by weight of said treated material for pavement bedding, preferably between 4% and 5% by weight.
[0051] Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, le matériau traité pour assise de chaussée selon l’invention comprend en outre jusqu’à 20% en poids de sable correcteur. Le sable correcteur est un sable naturel et/ou recyclé et sert de correcteur granulométrique du matériau lorsque ce dernier ne contient pas, en l’état, suffisamment de particules fines. [0051] In a particular embodiment, the treated material for pavement base according to the invention further comprises up to 20% by weight of corrective sand. Corrector sand is natural and / or recycled sand and serves as a granulometric corrector of the material when the latter does not contain, as it is, sufficient fine particles.
[0052] Les matériaux pour assise de chaussée traités avec ledit liant hydraulique selon l’invention, incorporant des cendres volantes de biomasse, présentent les résistances mécaniques correspondantes à la norme NF EN 14-227-5 sur les mélanges granulaires traités aux liants hydrauliques routiers, avec une classe de performance T2, T3 ou T4 à 360 jours en fonction du pourcentage en poids dudit liant hydraulique. The materials for pavement bed treated with said hydraulic binder according to the invention, incorporating fly ash from biomass, have the mechanical strengths corresponding to the standard NF EN 14-227-5 on granular mixtures treated with hydraulic road binders , with a performance class T2, T3 or T4 at 360 days depending on the percentage by weight of said hydraulic binder.
Procédé de fabrication du matériau traité Manufacturing process of the treated material
[0053] L’invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication dudit matériau traité comprenant une étape de mélange à froid, avantageusement entre 10°C et 40°C de ladite composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention et des granulats et sable naturels et/ou recyclés. [0054] On entend par « à froid » le fait de ne pas apporter d’énergie calorifique, en d’autres termes, un procédé à froid est un procédé réalisé à la température ambiante du lieu de sa mise en œuvre. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing said treated material comprising a step of cold mixing, advantageously between 10 ° C and 40 ° C, of said hydraulic road binder composition according to the invention and natural aggregates and sand and / or recycled. The term "cold" is understood to mean the fact of not providing heat energy, in other words, a cold process is a process carried out at the ambient temperature of the place of its implementation.
[0055] Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, le procédé selon l’invention est réalisé en centrale de malaxage. En d’autres termes, le mélange à froid de ladite composition de liant et des granulats est effectué en usine. Le matériau obtenu est ensuite acheminé jusqu’au chantier auquel celui-ci est destiné. In a particular embodiment, the process according to the invention is carried out in a mixing plant. In other words, the cold mixing of said binder composition and aggregates is carried out in the factory. The material obtained is then transported to the site for which it is intended.
[0056] Dans un autre mode de réalisation, le procédé selon l’invention est réalisé directement sur site, lors du retraitement des matériaux de chaussée avec un atelier dédié, comprenant l’épandage de ladite composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention, le fraisage des matériaux de chaussée, le malaxage, l’ajout éventuel d’eau et le compactage du matériau traité. En particulier, le procédé selon l’invention peut être mis en œuvre avec les procédés ARC® 700 et ARC® 1000 (Atelier de Retraitement de Chaussée 700 et 1000 Cv) d’ElFFAGE Route. In another embodiment, the method according to the invention is carried out directly on site, during the reprocessing of the pavement materials with a dedicated workshop, comprising the spreading of said road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention, the milling of the pavement materials, the mixing, the possible addition of water and the compaction of the treated material. In particular, the method according to the invention can be implemented with the ARC ® 700 and ARC ® 1000 (Pavement Retreatment Workshop 700 and 1000 Cv) of ElFFAGE Route.
Utilisation de la composition de liant pour le traitement de sol Use of the binder composition for soil treatment
[0057] L’invention concerne également l’utilisation de ladite composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention dans un procédé de traitement d’un sol pour la réalisation de travaux de terrassement. [0057] The invention also relates to the use of said hydraulic road binder composition according to the invention in a method for treating soil for carrying out earthworks.
[0058] L’implantation d’une construction, en particulier un ouvrage routier, nécessite que le sol porteur de cette construction présente des caractéristiques techniques adaptées à ladite construction. Pour ce faire, lors de l’étape de terrassement, le sol est généralement traité pour lui conférer les spécificités techniques nécessaires. [0058] The establishment of a construction, in particular a road structure, requires that the supporting soil of this construction has technical characteristics suitable for said construction. To do this, during the earthwork step, the soil is generally treated to give it the necessary technical specificities.
[0059] Ainsi, dans le cadre de l’invention, l’utilisation de la composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention peut, par exemple, être faite dans le cadre d’un procédé de terrassement d’un sol comprenant les étapes successives suivantes : Thus, in the context of the invention, the use of the road hydraulic binder composition according to the invention can, for example, be made in the context of a method for earthmoving a ground comprising the steps successive following:
1. Foisonnement dudit sol pour le rendre meuble et permettre son traitement, 2. Homogénéisation du sol meuble obtenu en étape 1 , 1. Expansion of said soil to make it loose and allow it to be treated, 2. Homogenization of the loose soil obtained in step 1,
3. Ajustement de l’état hydrique du sol meuble suite à l’homogénéisation en étape 2, 3. Adjustment of the water state of the loose soil following the homogenization in step 2,
4. Epandage de ladite composition de liant hydraulique routier suite à l’ajustement hydrique de l’étape 3, 4. Spreading of said hydraulic road binder composition following the water adjustment in step 3,
5. Malaxage dudit sol suite à l’épandage de l’étape 4, 5. Mixing of said soil after spreading in step 4,
6. Nivellement suite au malaxage de l’étape 5, 6. Leveling after mixing in step 5,
7. Compactage suite au nivellement de l’étape 6. 7. Compaction following leveling in step 6.
[0060] L’étape d’ajustement de l’état hydrique (étape 3) peut consister à mélanger le sol meuble soit avec de l’eau s’il n’est pas assez humide, soit avec de la chaux vive s’il est trop humide. The step of adjusting the water state (step 3) can consist in mixing the loose soil either with water if it is not wet enough, or with quicklime if it is not wet enough. is too wet.
Utilisation des cendres de biomasse Use of biomass ash
[0061] L’invention concerne également l’utilisation de cendres volantes de biomasse en combinaison avec au moins un autre composant choisi dans le groupe constitué de la chaux éteinte, de la chaux vive, des matériaux sources de sulfates, du laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu, des cendres de papeterie, du ciment Portland, des pouzzolanes broyées, des schistes calcinés broyés, des argiles calcinées broyées, du filler calcaire, seuls ou en mélange dans des compositions de liants hydrauliques routiers. The invention also relates to the use of fly ash from biomass in combination with at least one other component chosen from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime, source materials of sulphates, blast furnace slag granulated and ground, paper mill ashes, Portland cement, ground pozzolans, crushed calcined shales, crushed calcined clays, limestone filler, alone or as a mixture in compositions of hydraulic road binders.
[0062] Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, les cendres de biomasse sont utilisées en combinaison avec au moins deux autres composants choisis parmi la chaux éteinte, le ciment Portland et le laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu.In a preferred embodiment, the biomass ash is used in combination with at least two other components selected from slaked lime, Portland cement and granulated and ground blast furnace slag.
Exemples Examples
Exemple 1 : Prise hydraulique de compositions de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention Example 1: Hydraulic setting of hydraulic road binder compositions according to the invention
[0063] Quatre compositions de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention ont été préparées en mélangeant les différents composants. Le détail de ces quatre compositions de liant hydraulique routier selon l’invention est indiqué dans le tableau 1 suivant, dans lequel les quantités des différents composants sont en pourcentage massique par rapport à la masse totale de ladite composition de liant hydraulique routier. Four road hydraulic binder compositions according to the invention were prepared by mixing the different components. The detail of these four road hydraulic binder compositions according to the invention is indicated in the Table 1 below, in which the amounts of the various components are in percentage by mass relative to the total mass of said composition of hydraulic road binder.
[0064] [Tableau 1]
Figure imgf000013_0002
Figure imgf000013_0001
[0064] [Table 1]
Figure imgf000013_0002
Figure imgf000013_0001
CEM I : Ciment Portland CEM I: Portland cement
[0065] Des tests de réactivité hydraulique ont été réalisés sur des pâtes pures de liant (composition de liant hydraulique routier seule en mélange avec de l’eau). Des éprouvettes cylindriques d’un diamètre de 4 cm et d’une hauteur de 8 cm ont été confectionnées avec les compositions LHR 1, LHR 2, LHR 3 et LHR 4 en y ajoutant respectivement 65 %, 55 %, 55 % et 50 % en poids d’eau, pour atteindre une consistance similaire. Ces éprouvettes ont été conservées dans des étuis fermés à 20 °C et 90 % d’hygrométrie. Après des temps de cure de 14, 28 et 56 jours, elles ont été soumises à un écrasement en compression simple suivant la norme NF EN 13286-41. Comme illustré à la Figure 1, des résistances mécaniques de plusieurs MegaPascals ont été mesurées pour toutes les compositions, témoignant d’une hydraulicité des cendres de biomasse en mélange avec de la chaux éteinte, du désulfogypse, des cendres de papeterie, du LHF ou du CEM I, seuls ou en mélange. Hydraulic reactivity tests were carried out on pure binder pastes (road hydraulic binder composition alone mixed with water). Cylindrical test pieces with a diameter of 4 cm and a height of 8 cm were made with the compositions LHR 1, LHR 2, LHR 3 and LHR 4 by adding 65%, 55%, 55% and 50% respectively. by weight of water, to achieve a similar consistency. These test pieces were stored in closed cases at 20 ° C and 90% humidity. After curing times of 14, 28 and 56 days, they were subjected to crushing in simple compression according to standard NF EN 13286-41. As illustrated in Figure 1, mechanical strengths of several MegaPascals were measured for all the compositions, demonstrating hydraulicity of biomass ash mixed with slaked lime, desulfogypsum, stationery ash, LHF or CEM I, alone or as a mixture.
Exemple 2 : performances mécaniques de liants à base de cendres de biomasse sur mortiers normalisés Example 2: mechanical performance of binders based on biomass ash on standardized mortars
[0066] Trois compositions de liants hydrauliques routiers selon l’invention supplémentaires ont été préparées en mélangeant les différents composants. Le détail de ces trois compositions est indiqué dans le tableau 2 suivant, dans lequel les quantités des différents composants sont en pourcentage massique par rapport à la masse totale de ladite composition de liant hydraulique routier. Le détail de la composition LHR 4 est rappelé dans le tableau 2. [0067] [Tableau 2]
Figure imgf000014_0001
Three additional compositions of hydraulic road binders according to the invention were prepared by mixing the different components. the detail of these three compositions is shown in Table 2 below, in which the amounts of the various components are in percentage by mass relative to the total mass of said composition of hydraulic road binder. The detail of the LHR 4 composition is recalled in Table 2. [0067] [Table 2]
Figure imgf000014_0001
LHF : Laitier de haut-fourneau granulé et moulu CEM I : Ciment Portland LHF: Granulated and ground blast furnace slag CEM I: Portland cement
[0068] Des essais de résistance mécanique ont été réalisés en mortiers normalisés, suivant la norme NF EN 196-1, avec les compositions LFIR 4, LFIR 5, LFIR 6 et LFIR 7 selon l’invention. La Figure 2 illustre les résultats de résistance en compression simple obtenus après 56 jours de cure. Les compositions LFIR 4, LFIR 5 et LFIR 6. Ces trois compositions présentent un niveau de performance mécanique conforme à la norme NF EN 13282-2, avec une classe de résistance N2 à 56 jours (> 12,5 MPa et < 32,5 MPa). La composition LFIR7, présente un niveau de performance mécanique conforme à la norme NF EN 13282-2 avec une classe de résistance N1 à 56 jours (> 2,5 MPa et < 22,5 MPa). Mechanical strength tests were carried out in standardized mortars, according to standard NF EN 196-1, with the compositions LFIR 4, LFIR 5, LFIR 6 and LFIR 7 according to the invention. Figure 2 illustrates the simple compressive strength results obtained after 56 days of cure. The compositions LFIR 4, LFIR 5 and LFIR 6. These three compositions have a level of mechanical performance in accordance with standard NF EN 13282-2, with a resistance class N2 at 56 days (> 12.5 MPa and <32.5 MPa). The LFIR7 composition has a level of mechanical performance in accordance with standard NF EN 13282-2 with a resistance class N1 at 56 days (> 2.5 MPa and <22.5 MPa).
Exemple 3 : matériau pour assise de chaussée traité au liant hydraulique à base de cendres de biomasse Example 3: material for pavement bed treated with a hydraulic binder based on biomass ash
[0069] Des agrégats d’enrobé recyclé à 100 %, sans sable correcteur ont été traités avec 4% en poids ou 6% en poids de la composition LFIR 5 conduisant à un premier matériau pour assise de chaussée comportant 96% en poids d’agrégats d’enrobé recyclé à 100 % et 4 % en poids de LFIR 5 et à un deuxième matériau pour assise de chaussée comportant 94% en poids d’agrégats d’enrobé recyclé à 100 % et 6 % en poids de LHR 5. 100% recycled asphalt aggregates, without corrective sand were treated with 4% by weight or 6% by weight of the LFIR 5 composition resulting in a first material for pavement bed comprising 96% by weight of 100% and 4% recycled asphalt aggregate by weight of LFIR 5 and a second material for pavement bed comprising 94% by weight of 100% recycled asphalt aggregate and 6% by weight of LHR 5.
[0070] Des éprouvettes de ces deux matériaux ont été confectionnées en respectant les références de compactage Optimum Proctor Modifié à 5 % de liant suivant la norme NF EN 13286-2 afin de pouvoir les caractériser avec les tests normalisés suivants : Test pieces of these two materials were made while respecting the Optimum Proctor compaction references Modified to 5% binder according to standard NF EN 13286-2 in order to be able to characterize them with the following standardized tests:
Résistance en compression simple (Rc) à 3, 7, 14 et 28 jours suivant la norme NF EN 13286-41 sur des éprouvettes d’un diamètre de 10 cm et une hauteur de 20 cm confectionnées par vibro-compression suivant la norme NF EN 13286-52. Simple compressive strength (Rc) at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days according to standard NF EN 13286-41 on specimens with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm made by vibro-compression according to standard NF EN 13286-52.
Résistance en traction directe (Rt) et module d’élasticité (E) à 28, 60 et 360 jours suivant les normes NF EN 13286-40 et NF EN 13286-43 sur des éprouvettes d’un diamètre de 16 cm et d’une hauteur de 32 cm confectionnées par vibro-compression suivant la norme NF EN 13286-52. Direct tensile strength (Rt) and modulus of elasticity (E) at 28, 60 and 360 days according to standards NF EN 13286-40 and NF EN 13286-43 on specimens with a diameter of 16 cm and a height of 32 cm made by vibro-compression according to standard NF EN 13286-52.
[0071] Les résultats de résistance en compression simple présentés sur la Figure 3 montrent que les matériaux pour assise de chaussée selon l’invention présentent de bonnes résistances mécaniques. Le seuil de 1 MPa est atteint à 3 jours à 6 % de liant et à 4 jours à 4 % de liant, dans les conditions de laboratoire. Cette limite minimale de résistance correspond au délai de cure minimal à respecter avant d’autoriser la circulation de chantier sur la couche mise en œuvre, et à fortiori la mise en œuvre de la couche supérieure. The simple compressive strength results presented in Figure 3 show that the materials for pavement bedding according to the invention have good mechanical strengths. The threshold of 1 MPa is reached at 3 days at 6% binder and at 4 days at 4% binder, under laboratory conditions. This minimum strength limit corresponds to the minimum curing time to be observed before authorizing site traffic on the layer used, and a fortiori the implementation of the top layer.
[0072] Les matériaux pour assise de chaussée selon l’invention, aux dosages en liant hydraulique appliqués, appartiennent à la classe de performance mécanique T3 dès 60 jours de cure. Les modules d’élasticité obtenus sont inférieurs à 10 GPa. Ils sont intermédiaires entre un enrobé bitumineux et une grave ciment, rendant le matériau traité beaucoup moins sensible à la fissuration transversale, et offrant une excellente durabilité dans le temps. The pavement foundation materials according to the invention, with the applied hydraulic binder dosages, belong to the mechanical performance class T3 from 60 days of cure. The moduli of elasticity obtained are less than 10 GPa. They are intermediate between an asphalt mix and a serious cement, making the treated material much less sensitive to transverse cracking, and offering excellent durability over time.
Exemple 4 : sol pour assise de chaussée traité au liant hydraulique à base de cendres de biomasse Example 4: floor for pavement bed treated with a hydraulic binder based on biomass ash
[0073] Un sol de granulométrie 0/31,5 mm, en prévision d’un chantier de retraitement en place, a été traité avec 4% en poids ou 6% en poids de la composition LHR 5 conduisant à un premier matériau pour assise de chaussée comportant 96% en poids de sol et 4 % en poids de LHR 5 et à un deuxième matériau pour assise de chaussée comportant 94% en poids de sol et 6 % en poids de LHR 5. A soil of particle size 0 / 31.5 mm, in anticipation of a reprocessing site in place, was treated with 4% by weight or 6% by weight of the composition LHR 5 leading to a first material for pavement bed comprising 96% by weight of soil and 4% by weight of LHR 5 and to a second material for pavement bed comprising 94% by weight of soil and 6% by weight of LHR 5.
[0074] Des éprouvettes de ces deux matériaux ont été confectionnées en respectant les références de compactage Optimum Proctor Modifié à 5 % de liant suivant la norme NF EN 13286-2 afin de pouvoir les caractériser avec les tests normalisés suivants : [0074] Test specimens of these two materials were made while respecting the Optimum Proctor compaction references Modified to 5% binder according to standard NF EN 13286-2 in order to be able to characterize them with the following standardized tests:
Résistance en compression simple (Rc) à 3, 7 et 14 jours suivant la norme NF EN 13286-41 sur des éprouvettes d’un diamètre de 10 cm et une hauteur de 20 cm confectionnées par vibro-compression suivant la norme NF EN 13286-52. Simple compressive strength (Rc) at 3, 7 and 14 days according to standard NF EN 13286-41 on specimens with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm made by vibro-compression according to standard NF EN 13286- 52.
Résistance en traction directe (Rt) et module d’élasticité (E) à 28 et 60 jours suivant les normes NF EN 13286-40 et NF EN 13286-43 sur des éprouvettes d’un diamètre de 16 cm et d’une hauteur de 32 cm confectionnées par vibro compression suivant la norme NF EN 13286-52. Direct tensile strength (Rt) and modulus of elasticity (E) at 28 and 60 days according to standards NF EN 13286-40 and NF EN 13286-43 on specimens with a diameter of 16 cm and a height of 32 cm made by vibro compression according to standard NF EN 13286-52.
[0075] Les résultats de résistance en compression simple présentés sur la Figure 4 montrent que les matériaux pour assise de chaussée selon l’invention présentent de bonnes résistances mécaniques. Le seuil de 1 MPa est atteint à 3 jours à 4 % ou 6 % de liant, dans les conditions de laboratoire. Cette limite minimale de résistance correspond au délai de cure minimal à respecter avant d’autoriser la circulation de chantier sur la couche mise en œuvre, et à fortiori la mise en œuvre de la couche supérieure. [0075] The simple compressive strength results presented in Figure 4 show that the materials for pavement bedding according to the invention have good mechanical strengths. The threshold of 1 MPa is reached after 3 days at 4% or 6% of binder, under laboratory conditions. This minimum strength limit corresponds to the minimum curing time to be observed before authorizing site traffic on the layer used, and a fortiori the implementation of the top layer.
[0076] Les matériaux pour assise de chaussée selon l’invention, aux dosages en liant hydraulique appliqués, appartiennent à la classe de performance mécanique T1 à 60 jours de cure. Les modules d’élasticité obtenus à 60 jours de cure sont inférieurs à 10 GPa. The materials for the pavement base according to the invention, with the applied hydraulic binder dosages, belong to the mechanical performance class T1 at 60 days of cure. The moduli of elasticity obtained after 60 days of cure are less than 10 GPa.
Exemple 5 : sol pour couche de forme de chaussée traité au liant à base de cendres de biomasse Example 5: soil for a pavement sub-layer treated with a binder based on biomass ash
[0077] Cet exemple illustre le traitement d’un sol naturel classé B5 d’après la norme NF P 11-300 avec le liant LHR 4 à 6 % en poids, sans prétraitement à la chaux vive. [0078] La méthodologie des études de formulation en laboratoire a été appliquée suivant la norme NF P 94-102-2. Des éprouvettes de ce sol traité ont été confectionnées en respectant les références de compactage Optimum Proctor Normal suivant la norme NF P 94-093 afin de pouvoir le caractériser avec les tests normalisés suivants : This example illustrates the treatment of a natural soil classified as B5 according to the NF P 11-300 standard with the LHR binder 4 at 6% by weight, without pretreatment with quicklime. The methodology of the formulation studies in the laboratory was applied according to standard NF P 94-102-2. Test specimens of this treated soil were made in accordance with the Optimum Proctor Normal compaction references according to standard NF P 94-093 in order to be able to characterize it with the following standardized tests:
Essais d’évaluation de l’aptitude au traitement suivant la norme NF P 94-Treatment suitability assessment tests according to standard NF P 94-
100 100
Résistance en compression simple (Rc) à 3, 7, 28 et 60 jours ainsi qu’à 60 jours immersion (28 jours de conservation dans l’air + 32 jours de conservation dans l’eau) suivant la norme NF EN 13286-41 sur des éprouvettes d’un diamètre de 5 cm et d’une hauteur de 10 cm confectionnées par compression axiale suivant la norme NF EN 13286-53, Simple compressive strength (Rc) at 3, 7, 28 and 60 days as well as at 60 days immersion (28 days of storage in air + 32 days of storage in water) according to standard NF EN 13286-41 on specimens with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 10 cm made by axial compression according to standard NF EN 13286-53,
Résistance en traction indirecte Rit (ou Rtb) et module d’élasticité (E) à 90 jours suivant les normes NF EN 13286-42 et NF EN 13286-43 sur des éprouvettes d’un diamètre de 5 cm et d’une hauteur de 5 cm confectionnées par compression axiale suivant la norme NF EN 13286-53. Le calcul de la Rt à partir de la Rit s’obtient par la relation Rt = 0,8*Rit. Indirect tensile strength Rit (or Rtb) and modulus of elasticity (E) at 90 days according to standards NF EN 13286-42 and NF EN 13286-43 on specimens with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 5 cm made by axial compression according to standard NF EN 13286-53. The calculation of the Rt from the Rit is obtained by the relation Rt = 0.8 * Rit.
[0079] Les résultats d’essais d’aptitude au traitement sont présentés dans le Tableau 3. Ils montrent que le sol B5 traité à 6 % de LHR 4 est adapté au traitement. The results of treatment suitability tests are shown in Table 3. They show that the B5 soil treated with 6% LHR 4 is suitable for treatment.
[0080] [Tableau 3]
Figure imgf000017_0001
[0081] Les résultats de résistance en compression simple présentés sur la Figure 4 montrent que le sol B5 traité à 6 % de liant LHR 4 présente de bonnes résistances mécaniques. Le seuil de 1 MPa est atteint à 3 jours, dans les conditions de laboratoire. Cette limite minimale de résistance correspond au délai de cure minimal à respecter avant d’autoriser la circulation de chantier sur la couche mise en œuvre, et à fortiori la mise en œuvre de la couche supérieure. La résistance à l’immersion à 60 jours (Rci/Rc) est de 0,7. Elle est conforme à la norme NF P 94-102-1. Une résistance en compression de 2,5 MPa est atteinte à 60 jours de cure, ce qui laisse présager que la couche traitée sera résistante au gel après ce temps de cure. [0080] [Table 3]
Figure imgf000017_0001
The simple compressive strength results presented in FIG. 4 show that the sol B5 treated with 6% LHR 4 binder has good mechanical strengths. The threshold of 1 MPa is reached at 3 days, under laboratory conditions. This minimum strength limit corresponds to the minimum curing time to be observed before authorizing site traffic on the layer used, and a fortiori the installation of the top layer. The resistance to immersion at 60 days (Rci / Rc) is 0.7. It complies with standard NF P 94-102-1. A compressive strength of 2.5 MPa is reached after 60 days of curing, which suggests that the treated layer will be resistant to frost after this curing time.
[0082] Les résultats de résistance en traction directe Rt (calculés à partir de la Rit) et de module d’élasticité (E) montrent que le sol traité à 6% de liant LHR 4 appartient à la zone mécanique 4 à 90 jours de cure. The results of direct tensile strength Rt (calculated from the Rit) and of modulus of elasticity (E) show that the soil treated with 6% of LHR binder 4 belongs to the mechanical zone 4 at 90 days of priest.

Claims

Revendications Claims
[Revendication 1] Composition de liant hydraulique routier comprenant au moins 50% en poids de cendres volantes de biomasse et au moins un autre composant choisi dans le groupe constitué de la chaux éteinte, de la chaux vive, des matériaux sources de sulfates, du laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu, des cendres de papeterie, du ciment Portland, des pouzzolanes broyées, des schistes calcinés broyés, des argiles calcinées broyées, du filler calcaire, seuls ou en mélange. [Claim 1] A hydraulic road binder composition comprising at least 50% by weight of biomass fly ash and at least one other component selected from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime, sulfate source materials, slag granulated and ground blast furnace, ashes from paper mills, Portland cement, ground pozzolans, crushed calcined shales, crushed calcined clays, limestone filler, alone or in mixture.
[Revendication 2] Composition de liant hydraulique routier selon la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce qu’elle comporte au moins deux autres composants choisis parmi la chaux éteinte, le ciment Portland et le laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu. [Claim 2] A hydraulic road binder composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least two other components selected from slaked lime, Portland cement and granulated and ground blast furnace slag.
[Revendication 3] Composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’une des revendications précédentes caractérisée en ce qu’elle comporte au moins un matériau sources de sulfates, tel que le gypse et/ou le désulfogypse. [Claim 3] A hydraulic road binder composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one material which is a source of sulphates, such as gypsum and / or desulphogypsum.
[Revendication 4] Composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu’elle comprend entre 55% et 90% en poids de cendres volantes de biomasse, avantageusement entre 60% et 85% en poids et plus avantageusement entre 65% et 80% en poids. [Claim 4] A hydraulic road binder composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises between 55% and 90% by weight of biomass fly ash, advantageously between 60% and 85% by weight and more advantageously between 65% and 80% by weight.
[Revendication 5] Composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu’elle comprend jusqu’à 20% en poids de chaux éteinte, avantageusement entre 5% et 20% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 10% et 15% en poids. [Claim 5] A hydraulic road binder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises up to 20% by weight of slaked lime, preferably between 5% and 20% by weight, more preferably between 10 % and 15% by weight.
[Revendication 6] Composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu’elle comprend jusqu’à 15% en poids du matériau source de sulfates, tel que le gypse et/ou de désulfogypse, avantageusement entre 2% et 15% en poids, plus avantageusement entre 5% et 10% en poids. [Claim 6] A hydraulic road binder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises up to 15% by weight of the sulphate source material, such as gypsum and / or desulphogypsum, advantageously between 2% and 15% by weight, more preferably between 5% and 10% by weight.
[Revendication 7] Composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu’elle comprend jusqu’à 35% en poids de laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu, avantageusement entre 5% et 35% en poids plus avantageusement entre 10% et 30% en poids. [Claim 7] A hydraulic road binder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises up to 35% by weight of granulated and ground blast furnace slag, preferably between 5% and 35% by weight, more preferably between 10% and 30% by weight.
[Revendication 8] Composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu’elle comporte en outre un ou plusieurs des composants secondaires tels que définis dans les normes NF P 15-108, NF EN 13282-1 et NF EN 13282-2. [Claim 8] A hydraulic road binder composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises one or more of the secondary components as defined in standards NF P 15-108, NF EN 13282-1 and NF EN 13282-2.
[Revendication 9] Matériau traité pour assise de chaussée comprenant de la composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 et un mélange de granulats et sable, naturels et/ou recyclés. [Claim 9] Treated material for a pavement bed comprising the hydraulic road binder composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and a mixture of aggregates and sand, natural and / or recycled.
[Revendication 10] Matériau traité pour assise de chaussée selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les granulats et sable sont constitués d’au moins 80% en poids d’enrobés recyclés, avantageusement de 100% en poids. [Claim 10] Treated material for a pavement bed according to claim 9, characterized in that the aggregates and sand consist of at least 80% by weight of recycled asphalt, preferably 100% by weight.
[Revendication 11] Procédé de fabrication du matériau traité selon l’une quelconque des revendications 9 à 10 comprenant une étape de mélange à froid, entre 10°C et 40°C, de la composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8 et des granulats et sable naturels et/ou recyclés. [Claim 11] A method of manufacturing the material treated according to any one of claims 9 to 10 comprising a step of cold mixing, between 10 ° C and 40 ° C, the road hydraulic binder composition according to any one of the following. claims 1 to 8 and natural and / or recycled aggregates and sand.
[Revendication 12] Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu’il est réalisé en centrale de malaxage. [Claim 12] A method according to claim 11, characterized in that it is carried out in a mixing plant.
[Revendication 13] Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu’il est réalisé directement sur site, lors du retraitement des matériaux de chaussée avec un atelier dédié, comprenant l’épandage de ladite composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, le fraisage des matériaux de chaussée, le malaxage, l’ajout éventuel d’eau et le compactage du matériau traité. [Claim 13] A method according to claim 11, characterized in that it is carried out directly on site, during the reprocessing of the pavement materials with a dedicated workshop, comprising the spreading of said road hydraulic binder composition according to any one. of claims 1 to 8, the milling of the pavement material, the mixing, the possible addition of water and the compaction of the treated material.
[Revendication 14] Utilisation de la composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans un procédé de traitement d’un sol pour la réalisation de travaux de terrassement. [Revendication 15] Utilisation de cendres volantes de biomasse en combinaison avec au moins un autre composant choisi dans le groupe constitué de la chaux éteinte, de la chaux vive, des matériaux sources de sulfates, du laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu, des cendres de papeterie, du ciment Portland, des pouzzolanes broyées, des schistes calcinés broyés, des argiles calcinées broyées, du filler calcaire, seuls ou en mélange dans des compositions de liants hydrauliques routiers, de préférence en combinaison avec au moins deux autres composants choisis parmi la chaux éteinte, le ciment Portland et le laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu. [Revendication 16] Procédé de fabrication de la composition de liant hydraulique routier selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, comprenant une étape de mélange des cendres de biomasse, et dudit au moins un autre composant choisi dans le groupe constitué de la chaux éteinte, de la chaux vive, des matériaux sources de sulfates tels que par exemple le gypse et le désulfogypse, du laitier de haut fourneau granulé et moulu, des cendres de papeterie, du ciment Portland, des pouzzolanes broyées, des schistes calcinés broyés, des argiles calcinées broyées, du filler calcaire, seuls ou en mélange, avantageusement mise en œuvre avec une unité de production de produits composés, U.P.P.C N°1 - N°2 - N°3. [Claim 14] Use of the hydraulic road binder composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, in a method of treating a soil for carrying out earthworks. [Claim 15] Use of biomass fly ash in combination with at least one other component selected from the group consisting of slaked lime, quicklime, sulfate source materials, granulated and ground blast furnace slag, ash stationery, Portland cement, crushed pozzolans, crushed calcined shales, crushed calcined clays, limestone filler, alone or as a mixture in compositions of hydraulic road binders, preferably in combination with at least two other components chosen from among the following: slaked lime, Portland cement, and granulated and ground blast furnace slag. [Claim 16] A method of manufacturing the hydraulic road binder composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising a step of mixing the biomass ash, and said at least one other component selected from the group consisting of lime slaked, quicklime, sulphate source materials such as, for example, gypsum and desulphogypsum, granulated and ground blast furnace slag, paper mill ash, Portland cement, ground pozzolans, crushed calcined shales, crushed calcined clays, limestone filler, alone or as a mixture, advantageously used with a production unit for compound products, UPPC N ° 1 - N ° 2 - N ° 3.
PCT/FR2021/050729 2020-04-27 2021-04-27 Hydraulic road binder comprising biomass fly ash, pavement course material, and soils treated with said binder WO2021219956A1 (en)

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