WO2021218766A1

WO2021218766A1 - Border gateway protocol based route selection method and network device

Info

Publication number: WO2021218766A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/088930
Authority: WO
Inventors: 姚春燕
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2020-04-30
Filing date: 2021-04-22
Publication date: 2021-11-04
Also published as: CN113595902A

Abstract

A border gateway protocol based route selection method and a network device. The method comprises: acquiring a number N of routes in a number L of routes received on the basis of BGP, and acquiring a first-level rule and a second-level rule selected by a user, the first-level rule comprising at least one rule, L and N being positive integers, the second-level rule comprising at least one rule, and the second-level rule being different from the first-level rule; performing selection on the N routes according to the first-level rule to obtain a number M of routes, wherein M is a positive integer greater than 1 and meets the relation: M<N; and performing selection on the M routes according to the second-level rule until selecting one route. By means of the method of the present application, when route optimization is conducted, determination can be conducted by means of multiple rules at the same time, thus increasing the accuracy of route optimization and improving flexibility.

Description

Route selection method and network equipment based on border gateway protocol

Technical field

This application relates to the field of network technology, and in particular to a routing method and network equipment based on the Border Gateway Protocol.

Background technique

With the continuous improvement of public cloud requirements for delays, etc., how to select the best route when the border gateway protocol (border gateway protocol, BGP) performs route selection becomes more and more important.

At present, the border gateway protocol (BGP) usually uses the following method to select routes: In the existing solution, it is assumed that there are 20 routes to be selected, and the routing rules include 12 rules, such as rule 1, rule 2... Rule 12, and each rule includes a parameter, then when BGP selects a route, it first selects 20 routes through rule 1. If one route can be selected through rule 1, there is no need to continue according to other rules Choose a route. If there are no parameters in rule 1 among the 20 routes, then continue to route 20 routes through rule 2. If the route still cannot be selected through rule 2, then continue to perform route selection according to rule 3, and so on. Until the route is selected.

It can be seen from the above route selection method that in the existing route selection method, only one rule can be compared at a time, and the selection can only be made among multiple routes according to the rules in a fixed order, which has poor flexibility and few application scenarios.

Summary of the invention

This application provides a route selection method and network equipment based on the Border Gateway Protocol to improve the flexibility of route selection.

In the first aspect, this application provides a route selection method based on the Border Gateway Protocol. The method includes: obtaining N routes out of the L routes received based on the Border Gateway Protocol BGP, and obtaining the first-level rules and rules selected by the user. The second-level rules; the first-level rules include at least one rule; the L and N are positive integers; the second-level rules include at least one rule, and the second-level rules are different from the first-level rules; The N routes are selected according to the first-level rules to obtain M routes; the M is a positive integer greater than 1, and the M<N; the M routes are selected according to the second-level rules Select until a route is selected.

In the above technical solution, for the route to be selected for routing, first select the route according to the first-level rules, and then further select the route according to the second-level rules. In this way, the route can be optimized according to multiple rules at the same time, which can improve the routing. Flexibility of choice. In addition, preferential route selection according to the first-level rules can make the selected route more in line with the current network scenario and improve the accuracy of route selection.

In a possible design, the N routes have the same route prefix.

In this application, for routes with the same route prefix, a route needs to be selected to ensure that the selected route is the optimal route in the current scenario, which can improve the route selection rate.

In a possible design, when the first-level rules include multiple rules, selecting the N routes according to the first-level rules includes: obtaining the rules included in the first-level rules A logical relationship between multiple rules; the N routes are selected based on the logical relationship.

In the above technical solution, the first-level rule is the priority rule. When multiple rules are included in the first-level rule, a logical relationship can be set between the multiple rules, which can be further treated according to the logical relationship between the rules. The selected route is optimized.

In this application, the first-level rules can be obtained through the following possible implementation methods:

The first way:

Before obtaining the first-level rule selected by the user, the method further includes: obtaining a plurality of pre-stored rules, and displaying the plurality of rules in a graphical interface.

The obtaining the first-level rule selected by the user includes: determining the first-level rule selected by the user according to a selection instruction input by the user on the graphical interface.

That is to say, in the first method, multiple rules can be displayed in the form of a graphical interface, and then the user can select the first-level rule by clicking on the graphical interface. The graphical interface display mode can facilitate user operations and improve user experience.

The second way:

The user can enter multiple rules through the command line interface, and then the network device can obtain the first-level rules through the multiple rules entered by the user on the command line interface. Of course, it should be noted that in this application, the first-level rules can also be obtained through voice, files, and other methods, which is not limited in this application.

In a possible design, obtaining the logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the first-level rule includes: obtaining one of the multiple rules included in the first-level rule input by a user through a command line interface The logical relationship between.

That is to say, when multiple rules are included in the first-level rules, the logical relationship between the multiple rules can also be obtained through a graphical interface or a command line interface.

In a possible design, selecting the M routes according to the second-level rules includes: selecting the M routes according to a logical relationship between multiple rules included in the second-level rules.

In the above technical solution, the second-level rules may also include multiple rules, and there may be a logical relationship between the multiple rules. In this application, according to the logical relationship of the second-level rules, the M routes obtained after the first-level rules are optimized can be further optimized, which can increase the routing preference rate and increase the flexibility of route selection.

In a possible design, the method further includes: when the parameter information included in the rule is the path length, determining to enable the AS number deduplication function of the autonomous system.

In the above technical solution, by enabling the AS number de-duplication function, it is possible to prevent the AS-Path from being too long due to the duplication of the AS number, which will lead to misjudgment and cause the route to be rejected.

In a possible design, the first-level rules include: selecting the route with the least delay; selecting the route with the least packet loss; selecting the route with the lowest line cost; and selecting the route with the lowest line utilization.

In the above technical solution, the first-level rules are priority rules, and the first-level rules can be adjusted adaptively according to different scenarios in this application. In addition, the first-level rules and the logical relationship between the rules are configured by the user, that is, the first-level rules are relatively flexible, and the number and logical relationships of the first-level rules are not specifically limited in this application.

In a possible design, the second-level rules include: selecting the route with the largest protocol preferred value Preferred-value; selecting the route with the highest local priority; selecting the aggregated route; selecting the shortest AS path of the autonomous system; selecting the origin attribute It is the internal gateway protocol IGP, the external gateway protocol EGP, Incomplete; choose multiple outlets to distinguish the lowest MED value; choose the source as EBGP, alliance, IBGP; choose the next hop Next_HOP with the lowest metric value; choose the cluster list CLUSTER_LIST with the shortest length; choose the origin number ORIGINATOR_ID The smallest; choose the router with the smallest router ID; choose the route advertised by the peer with the smallest Internet Protocol IP address.

In the above technical solution, the second-level rules are further judgment rules based on the first-level rules, and the second-level rules and the logical relationship between the rules are also configured by the user. Therefore, the second-level rules are flexible The nature is also relatively strong, and the number and logical relationship of the second-level rules are not limited in this application.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a network device, the network device may include: an acquiring unit for acquiring N routes out of the L routes received based on the Border Gateway Protocol BGP, and acquiring the first-level rule selected by the user And second-level rules; the first-level rules include at least one rule; the L and N are positive integers; the second-level rules include at least one rule, and the second-level rules are different from the first-level rules The first selection unit is configured to select the N routes obtained by the obtaining unit according to the first-level rules to obtain M routes; the M is a positive integer greater than 1, and the M<N The second selection unit is used to select the M routes obtained by the first selection unit according to the second-level rules, until a route is selected.

In a possible design, the N routes have the same route prefix.

In a possible design, the acquiring unit is also used for:

When multiple rules are included in the first-level rules, acquiring a logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the first-level rules;

The first selection unit is specifically configured to select the N routes according to the first-level rules in the following manner:

The N routes are selected based on the logical relationship obtained by the obtaining unit.

In a possible design, the obtaining unit is further configured to: obtain a plurality of pre-stored rules, and display the plurality of rules in a graphical interface;

The obtaining unit is specifically configured to obtain the first-level rule selected by the user in the following manner:

According to the selection instruction input by the user on the graphical interface, the first-level rule selected by the user is determined.

In a possible design, the obtaining unit is specifically configured to obtain the logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the first-level rule in the following manner:

Obtain the logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the first-level rule input by the user through the command line interface.

In a possible design, the second selection unit is specifically configured to select the M routes according to the second-level rules in the following manner: according to the logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the second-level rules , To select the M routes.

In a possible design, the first-level rules include: choosing the route with the least delay; choosing the route with the least packet loss; choosing the route with the lowest line cost; and choosing the route with the lowest line utilization.

Regarding the technical effects brought about by the second aspect or various implementation manners of the second aspect, reference may be made to the introduction of the technical effects of the first aspect or various implementation manners of the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a routing device based on the Border Gateway Protocol, which has the function of implementing the routing method based on the Border Gateway Protocol in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect. The function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.

The device includes a communication interface, a processor, and a memory, the communication interface is used to receive and send data, and the processor is configured to support the device to execute the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect The corresponding function. The memory is coupled with the processor, and it stores the program instructions necessary for the device.

In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the methods in the first aspect and various embodiments.

In a fifth aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the methods in the first aspect and various embodiments.

In a sixth aspect, a chip is provided, and the logic in the chip is used to execute the methods in the first aspect and various embodiments described above.

Description of the drawings

FIG. 1A is a network architecture diagram provided by an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 1B is a block diagram of a routing selection provided by an embodiment of the application;

Figure 2 is a flowchart of a BGP-based route selection method provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 3 is a functional module diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of this application;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a BGP-based route selection device provided by an embodiment of the application.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Currently, two autonomous systems (AS) can exchange routing information through BGP. After the router in the AS receives multiple routes sent from other routers, if the destination Internet Protocol address ( For routes with the same internet protocol address, IP), the routes with the same destination IP prefix need to be optimized, and a route is selected. In the prior art, the rules for selecting routes with the same destination IP prefix are as follows:

R1, preferentially select the route with the largest protocol preferred value (preferred-value);

R2, preferentially select the route with the highest local priority (LOCAL_PREF);

R3, preferential selection of aggregation (AGGREGATE) routing;

R4. Preferentially select the route with the shortest AS path (AS_PATH);

R5. The preferred origin (ORIGIN) attribute is interior gateway protocol (interior gateway protocol, IGP), exterior gateway protocol (exterior gateway protocol, EGP), and routing incomplete;

R6. Preferentially select the route with the lowest multi-exit discriminator (MED) value;

R7. Select the routes learned from EBGP (External/Exterior BGP), Alliance, and IBGP (Internal/Interior BGP) in turn;

R8. Preferentially select the route with the lowest Next_HOP metric value;

R9. Preferentially select the route with the shortest length of the cluster list (CLUSTER_LIST);

R10. Preferentially select the route with the smallest ORIGINATOR_ID;

R11, preferentially select the route advertised by the router with the smallest router ID;

R12. Preferentially select the route advertised by the peer with the smallest Internet Protocol (IP) address.

It should be noted that, for each parameter information (for example, local priority, AS path, etc.) involved in the above rules, please refer to the explanation in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

Based on the above 12 rules, in the existing route selection method, BGP first judges the multiple received routes according to rule 1, and then selects the route with the largest preferred value. If it cannot be judged according to rule 1, the multiple received routes are judged according to rule 2, and the route with the highest local priority is selected, and so on. When the previous rule cannot select the route, the next rule is used Make routing selection.

It can be seen from the existing route selection methods that the route selection method is relatively fixed, and the route selection can only be carried out according to the fixed order of the above 12 rules, which will make the flexibility of the route selection inadequate.

With the continuous rise of public clouds, BGP is widely used at the boundary point between public clouds and the Internet. In order to achieve the best coverage for the users covered by the Internet (such as the shortest delay or the smallest packet loss), the public cloud needs to set complex routing policies for the BGP routes received by its border routers to ensure that the public cloud It is the best path to send to the user terminal connected to each AS in the Internet. However, according to the current route selection method, when selecting routes with the same route prefix, the selected route is not necessarily the route that you want to select in the public cloud scenario. In other words, different scenarios may have different routes selected.

For example, border router 1 receives route A to border router 2 from line 1 and line 2 respectively. Among them, the local priority of the route from line 1 is higher than the local priority of the route from line 2. In comparison, the route of the route from line 1 is longer than the route from line 2 to the border router 2. According to the current routing method, the route from line 1 is selected, but in the public cloud scenario, the route from line 2 is generally selected with a shorter path and lower delay. It is understandable that route A is a route with the same route prefix.

It should be noted that the routes with the same route prefix in this application are the routes with the same destination IP prefix, and sometimes they may be mixed. It should be understood that the two have the same meaning.

In view of this, the embodiment of the present application provides a new BGP-based route selection method, in which the route is first selected according to the first-level rules. When a route cannot be selected using the first-level rules, route selection is performed according to the second-level rules until a route is selected.

At least one of the embodiments of the present application includes one or more; wherein, multiple refers to greater than or equal to two. In addition, in the description of this application, words such as “first” and “second” are only used for the purpose of distinguishing description objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor as indicating or implying order.

For ease of understanding, an explanation of concepts related to this application is given as an example for reference, as follows:

1) Border gateway BGP protocol: an autonomous system routing protocol running on the transmission control protocol (TCP). BGP is used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems (AS). When two ASs need to exchange routing information, each AS designates a node running BGP to exchange routing information with other ASs on behalf of the AS. This node can be a host. Usually routers perform BGP. The routers in the two ASs that use BGP to exchange information are also called border gateways or border routers.

2) Autonomous system AS: All routers in an autonomous system are connected to each other, run the same routing protocol, and assign the same autonomous system number at the same time.

3) Adj-RIBS-In: Store routing information learned from neighbor update messages. Among them, RIB refers to routing information base (RIB) or routing table.

4) Loc-RIB: Store the routing information selected by the BGP speaker from Adj-RIBS-In according to the local routing strategy.

5) Adj-RIBS-Out: Store routing information used to advertise to each peer.

6) Peers: including external peers and internal peers. For a BGP speaker, if it communicates with other BGP speakers and that BGP speaker is in a different AS, then that other BGP speaker is called an external peer, and if it is in the same AS, it is called an internal peer .

7) BGP speaker: The router directly connected through BGP is the BGP speaker. BGP speakers can be in the same AS or in different ASs. The BGP speakers of each AS communicate with each other and exchange network reachability information in accordance with the policies established by each AS. It should be noted that in this application, the BGP speaker is the border BGP router in this application.

8) IBGP: BGP running between two or more peer entities in the same autonomous system AS.

9) EBGP: BGP running between peer entities belonging to different ASs.

It should be noted that for the convenience of description in this application, "Adj-RIBS-In" can be recorded as "first storage module", "Loc-RIB" is recorded as "second storage module", and "Adj-RIBS-In" can be recorded as "second storage module". -Out" is recorded as the "third storage module".

First of all, please refer to FIG. 1A, which is a network architecture diagram to which the embodiments of this application can be applied. As shown in FIG. Router in the cloud scenario. Under the network architecture shown in Figure 1A, end users can connect to an Internet service provider (ISP) via the Internet, which is the operator’s network, and then the border BGP router and public cloud under the operator’s network Routing information can be exchanged between border BGP routers, so that end users can access cloud services. Among them, the point-of-presence (POP) of the public cloud is connected to the backbone network between the data center (DC) or the region (Region) of the public cloud.

In Figure 1A, the operator border BGP routers and the public cloud border BGP routers can exchange routing information. While each border BGP router sends routes to other routers, it may also receive routes sent by other routers. The following uses three border BGP routers as examples to briefly introduce the route interaction process and route selection process in the public cloud scenario. The specific routing process will be described in detail below.

Referring to FIG. 1B, it is assumed that the border BGP router includes border BGP router 1, border BGP router 2, and border BGP router 3. Among them, border BGP router 1 is a public cloud border BGP router, border BGP router 2 and border BGP router 3 are operator border BGP routers.

Exemplarily, the border BGP router 1 respectively receives 5 routes sent by the border BGP router 2 and 10 routes sent by the border BGP router 3 within 5 minutes. For the border BGP router 1, the received route can be stored in the first storage module (Adj-RIBS-In). Assume that 8 of the 15 routes received by border BGP router 1 have the same destination IP prefix. At this time, 8 routes need to be selected, and the best route is selected and sent to the router corresponding to the destination IP prefix. After BGP selects 8 routes, the optimized route can be placed in the second storage module (Loc-RIB), and then the third storage module (Adj-RIBS-Out) can forward the selected route , To advertise the selected routing information to other peers (routers).

It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the route received by the router within the preset time period may be periodically judged to determine whether the route received within the preset time period needs to be routed. For example, 5 minutes in the above example can be selected. Of course, the received route can also be judged every 1 minute, which is not limited in this application.

It is understandable that the border BGP router 1 may also send routes while receiving routes. In FIG. 1B, only the border BGP router 1 receiving routes is used as an example for illustration.

It should be understood that the first storage module, the second storage module, and the third storage module in FIG. 1B may be part of the border BGP router 1. FIG. Each storage module is separated from the border BGP router 1.

The following is a detailed introduction to the route selection method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, a flowchart of a route selection method provided by the embodiment of the present application is provided. The method includes the following steps:

S201: The first network device receives L routes sent by the second network device.

It can be understood that the L routes are the total number of routes received by the first network device within the preset time period. For example, the first network device can receive 100 routes sent by the second network device within 5 minutes, and this application does not limit the preset duration.

For the convenience of description, the following takes router A as the first network device, and router B and router C as the second network device as an example for introduction. Exemplarily, router A may receive L routes sent by other routers, such as router B and router C. Refer to Table 1, which is an example of routing in the routing table provided in this embodiment of the application.

Table 1 Routing example

It should be noted that Network in Table 1 represents the network segment, Nextop represents the next hop IP address, MED represents the multi-outlet distinction value, LocPrf represents the local priority, PreVal represents the protocol preference value, Path represents the path, and Ogn represents the origin.

It can be understood that the routing in Table 1 is only a schematic description, and the application is not limited to this.

In some embodiments, the route can be stored in the routing table of the router, and the routing table can be displayed by the user inputting a command to display the route. Examples are as follows:

It is understandable that the routing table shown above is only a schematic illustration, and this application does not limit it.

S202: The first network device obtains N routes among the L routes. Wherein, the L and N are positive integers.

In the embodiment of the present application, the L routes received by the first network device can be divided into two parts. Among them, one part is the route that does not need to be routed, and the other part is the route that needs to be routed. The first network device may obtain the routes that need to be routed from the L routes, for example, obtain N routes. Of course, it can be understood that the N routes are routes with the same route prefix.

It should be understood that the same routing prefix in this application can be understood as the same IP prefix, in other words, it can be understood as a collection of the same IP group. For example, 192.168.0.1 to 192.168.0.25 all belong to the same routing prefix.

S203: The first network device obtains the first-level rule selected by the user.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first-level rule may include at least one rule, and the first-level rule includes but is not limited to the aforementioned R1-R12, and may also include rules corresponding to other parameters, such as performance and time delay. , Packet loss, line capacity, etc., this application does not limit this.

Exemplarily, suppose that in addition to the 12 rules introduced above, this application also includes the following rules:

R13: Prefer the route with the lowest delay; R14: Prefer the route with the least packet loss; R15: Prefer the route with the lowest line cost that carries cloud ingress traffic; R16: Prefer the route with the lowest line utilization.

It should be noted that R13-R16 is only a schematic description, Rn (n is a positive integer) involved in this application, that is, the numbers 1, 2, 3, etc. in the rules do not represent the execution order of the rules, and The rules are not limited to the rules listed in this application.

Because in different scenarios, the focus of network attention may be different. For example, in the public cloud scenario, the public cloud is very concerned about the experience of accessing various cloud services in the public cloud by applications (APP) on user terminals in each AS in the target coverage area, such as latency, packet loss, etc. In other words, the public cloud is very sensitive to the end users' experience of accessing cloud services through the Internet. Because the user's access experience is not good, the mobile APP may be uninstalled, resulting in a decrease in the number of users of the cloud service corresponding to the APP on the mobile phone. Since cloud services are very sensitive to the number of active user visits, once the number of users is reduced, it will also affect the profit and survival of cloud services. Therefore, if the user experience is poor, it may cause cloud services to choose to migrate to other networks with better performance. Public cloud provider.

For another example, the operator interconnection scenario mainly realizes the intercommunication between a large number of user terminals in different ASs. The main concern is to give priority to ensuring the high availability of intercommunication among large users who account for a relatively small proportion. A large number of general users can communicate normally without frequent and significant intercommunication. It does not matter if it fails, and it does not take a lot of effort to optimize the interworking experience (delay, packet loss) that many general users feedback at any time. That is to say, for operators’ Internet networks, they mainly provide best-effort connection services to a large number of end users, and seldom provide specific and special guarantees for specific services. Therefore, as long as the services are not interrupted, it is fine. Insensitive to fluctuations in delay and packet loss. Once terminal users are connected to the network, their phone numbers are bound to various banks and e-commerce services, and it is difficult to switch to the network. Therefore, fluctuations in service quality put pressure on operators as much as they do on public cloud services. Operators are concerned about the cost of network construction and operation and maintenance. Therefore, the existing BGP routing optimization algorithm is adopted, which is easy to network and maintain, and the costs in all aspects are relatively low.

Based on this, in different scenarios, the priority rules may be different, that is, the first-level rules may be different. Exemplarily, in the public cloud scenario, the first-level rules may include the following rules:

R13: Prefer the route with the lowest delay; R14: Prefer the route with the least packet loss.

It should be noted that the first-level rules are not limited to the two rules R13 and R14 in the above example, and may also include other rules, which are not limited in this application.

As a possible implementation manner, the first network device may obtain multiple pre-stored rules, and display the multiple rules in a graphical interface. Then, the first level rule selected by the user can be determined according to the selection instruction input by the user on the graphical interface. Exemplarily, R1-R16 can be displayed on the graphical interface, and then the user can directly select the first-level rule on the graphical interface, for example, check the selection boxes of R13 and R14, so that the first network device can follow the user's selection instructions Determine the first level of rules.

Of course, it is understandable that "R13", "R14", etc. can be displayed on the graphical interface, and the specific content of R13 can also be displayed, for example, "Select the route with the lowest delay".

As another possible implementation manner, the user can input the first-level rule through a command line interface, so that the first network device can obtain the first-level rule according to the first level rule input by the user through the command line interface.

It should be noted that the method of obtaining the first-level rules is not limited to the above-mentioned methods. For example, the first-level rules can also be obtained through voice commands, or the first-level rules can also be obtained through scripts. Not limited.

S204: The first network device selects N routes according to the first-level rules to obtain M routes. Wherein, the M is a positive integer.

In some embodiments, the first-level rules may include multiple rules, and there is a logical relationship between the multiple rules. Exemplarily, suppose the first-level rule includes two rules, for example, the two rules are marked as rule 1 and rule 2, then the user can set the logical relationship between the two rules, for example, it can be set as the priority rule 1. Judgment, if rule 1 cannot be judged, continue to judge according to rule 2.

Of course, it can be understood that the number of rules and the logical relationship between the rules in the above examples are only schematic illustrations, which are not limited in this application.

In this way, when there is one and only one rule in the first-level rule, the first network device selects N routes according to this rule. When the first-level rules include multiple rules, the first network device may first obtain the logical relationship between the multiple rules, and then select N routes based on the obtained logical relationship.

For example, suppose that 4 routes received by router A have the same route prefix, and the first-level rules can include the following two rules: R2 selects the route with the highest local priority; R4: selects the route with the shortest AS path . And the logical relationship between these two rules is: firstly judge according to R2, and then judge according to R4.

An example is as follows: For example, some of the parameters of the four routes are as follows:

Route 1: Local Preference=2000, length of (AS_PATH)=4.

Route 2: Local Preference=1000, length of (AS_PATH)=2.

Route 3: Local Preference=1000, length of (AS_PATH)=2.

Route 4: Local Preference=1000, length of (AS_PATH)=2.

First judge according to the local preference. By comparing the Local Preference of these four routes, it can be seen that route 2, route 3, and route 4 can be selected according to R2, and then route 2, route 3, and route 4 can be judged according to R4. The paths of 2 and route 3 are the same, that is, after judging according to the first-level rules, M=3 routes are obtained.

It is understandable that Local Preference is the local priority (LOCAL_PREF) introduced above, sometimes referred to as LP, and it should be understood that it has the same meaning.

S205: The first network device selects M routes according to the second-level rules until a route is selected.

In the embodiment of the present application, the second-level rule can also be selected by the user, and the selection method is similar to the first-level rule, and you can refer to the description about obtaining the first-level rule.

Wherein, the second-level rules include at least one rule, and the second-level rules are different from the first-level rules. Exemplarily, assuming that the first-level rules include rules R1 and R2, the second-level rules may include R2 and R4. Of course, it is understandable that the second-level rules may also include R3 and R4. Not limited.

It should be noted that R1, R2, R3, and R4 in the above example are the rules R1, R2, R3, and R4 in the foregoing introduction.

In the embodiment of the present application, when there is one and only one rule in the second-level rule, the M routes are continuously judged according to the unique rule. When multiple rules are included in the second-level rules, M routes can be selected based on the logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the second-level rules.

Taking the example in step S204 again, three routes, namely route 2, route 3, and route 4, are obtained after the judgment according to the first-level rule in step S204.

First, take a rule included in the second-level rule as an example, suppose the second-level rule is: R13: select the route with the lowest delay. Assuming that the delay of route 2 is 2s, the delay of route 3 is 1s, and the delay of route 4 is 2s, it can be seen from comparison that the delay of route 3 is lower. Therefore, the route finally selected is route 3.

Next, take the second-level rule including multiple rules as an example, suppose the second-level rule includes: R5: select the route with the ORIGIN attribute as IGP, EGP, and Incomplete in turn; R13: select the route with the lowest delay. And the logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the second-level rule is: firstly judge according to R5, and then judge according to R13.

For example, suppose that the ORIGIN attribute of route 2 is IGP and the delay is 1s, the ORIGIN attribute of route 3 is EGP, and the delay is 2s, and the ORIGIN attribute of route 4 is IGP, and the delay is 2s. It can be seen from comparison that after judging by R5, the selected routes are Route 2 and Route 4, and then Route 2 and Route 4 are selected according to R13. After comparison, it can be seen that Route 2 has a lower delay, so it is finally selected. The route is route 2.

In some embodiments of the present application, it is assumed that the first-level rules include some of the rules in R13 to R16 and R1-R12 described above. After the first network device determines that M routes are obtained according to the first-level rules, the second-level rules When the first-level rules select M routes, M routes can be selected according to the remaining rules in R1-R12 except the first-level rules. Exemplarily, assuming that the first-level rules include R2, R4, and R13 to R16, the second-level rules may include R1, R3, and R5 to R12.

Of course, it is understandable that the same rule in this application can appear in the first-level rule or the second-level rule, provided that at least one of the two-level rules includes multiple rules. For example, the first-level rules are R2, the second-level rules are: R2, R4; or the first-level rules are R1, R2, and the second-level rules are: R1, R2, R4; or the first-level rules are R1, R2 , R3, the second level rules are: R3, R4, R5, etc.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of this application, the logical relationship between the first-level rules, the second-level rules, and multiple rules is configured by the user. Therefore, when the first-level rules or the second-level rules include multiple rules In the case of rules, the logical relationship between the rules may have many different combinations, and this application will not give examples one by one here.

Further, in the embodiment of the present application, when the parameter information included in the rule is AS-Path, the user can configure to enable the AS number deduplication function.

In a possible implementation, the user can add a radio button on the graphical interface. For example, the content of the radio box can be "enable AS number deduplication" or "AS number deduplication", and the user can click This radio box, enable this function, so that when the network device selects the route according to the first-level rule or the second-level rule, if the parameter included in the rule is AS-Path, the user can be sure to enable the autonomous system AS number deduplication Function. Of course, it is understandable that if the AS-Path parameter is not included in the rule, the AS number deduplication function may not be enabled.

In another possible implementation manner, the user can add a configuration command to the command line interface, and the configuration command is used to select whether to enable the function. Exemplarily, this function can be implemented in the form of a switch.

It should be noted that the method of enabling the AS number deduplication function in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned method, for example, it can also be opened by other methods such as voice commands, which is not limited in the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, by enabling the AS number deduplication function, the AS-Path length is too long due to the duplication of the AS number, which may lead to misjudgment and cause the route to be rejected.

Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of functional modules of a network device. The network device 300 may include: an acquisition unit 301, a first selection unit 302, and a second selection unit 303.

Wherein, the obtaining unit 302 is configured to obtain N routes among the L routes received based on the Border Gateway Protocol BGP, and obtain the first-level rule and the second-level rule selected by the user; the first-level rule includes at least one Rules; the L and N are positive integers; the second-level rules include at least one rule, and the second-level rules are different from the first-level rules.

The first selection unit 302 is configured to select the N routes obtained by the obtaining unit 301 according to the first-level rule to obtain M routes; the M is a positive integer greater than 1, and the M< N.

The second selection unit is configured to select the M routes obtained by the first selection unit 302 according to the second-level rule until a route is selected.

In a possible design, the N routes have the same route prefix.

In a possible design, the obtaining unit 301 is further configured to:

The first selection unit 302 is specifically configured to select the N routes according to the first-level rules in the following manner:

The N routes are selected based on the logical relationship obtained by the obtaining unit 301.

In a possible design, the obtaining unit 301 is further configured to: obtain a plurality of pre-stored rules, and display the plurality of rules in a graphical interface;

The obtaining unit 301 is specifically configured to obtain the first-level rule selected by the user in the following manner: according to the selection instruction input by the user on the graphical interface, the first-level rule selected by the user is determined.

In a possible design, the obtaining unit 301 is specifically configured to obtain the logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the first-level rule in the following manner:

In a possible design, the second selection unit 303 is specifically configured to select the M routes according to the second-level rules in the following manner:

According to the logical relationship among the multiple rules included in the second-level rules, the M routes are selected.

In a possible design, the second-level rules include: selecting the route with the largest protocol preferred value Preferred-value; selecting the route with the highest local priority; selecting the aggregated route; selecting the shortest AS path of the autonomous system; selecting the origin attribute IGP, EGP, Incomplete; choose multiple outlets to distinguish the lowest MED value; choose the source as EBGP, confederation, IBGP; choose the next hop Next_HOP with the lowest metric value; choose the shortest length of the cluster list CLUSTER_LIST; choose the smallest origin number ORIGINATOR_ID; choose the router number Router The router with the smallest ID; select the route advertised by the peer with the smallest Internet Protocol IP address.

Among them, all relevant content of the steps involved in the above method embodiments can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional module, which will not be repeated here.

The division of modules in the embodiments of this application is illustrative, and it is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one process. In the device, it can also exist alone physically, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules.

As shown in FIG. 4, an apparatus 400 for routing selection based on the Border Gateway Protocol provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The apparatus 400 includes at least one processor 402 for implementing or supporting the apparatus 400 to achieve the The functions of the first selection unit and the second selection unit shown in FIG. 3. Exemplarily, the processor 402 may select the N routes obtained by the obtaining unit according to the first-level rule to obtain M routes, etc. For details, please refer to the detailed description in the method example, which will not be repeated here.

The device 400 may also include at least one memory 401 for storing program instructions. Exemplarily, the memory 401 may be used to store first-level rules, second-level rules, and logical relationships between multiple rules. For details, please refer to the detailed description in the method example, which will not be repeated here. The memory 401 and the processor 402 are coupled. The coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules. The processor 402 may cooperate with the memory 401. The processor 402 may execute program instructions and/or data stored in the memory 401. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor.

The apparatus 400 may further include a communication interface 403 for communicating with other devices through a transmission medium. The processor 402 can use the communication interface 403 to send and receive data.

This application does not limit the specific connection medium between the aforementioned communication interface 403, the processor 402, and the memory 401. In the embodiment of the present application, the memory 401, the processor 402, and the communication interface 403 are connected by a bus 404 in FIG. 4, and the bus is represented by a thick line in FIG. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and so on. For ease of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 4 to represent it, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

In the embodiment of the present application, the processor 402 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. Or execute the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

In the embodiment of the present application, the memory 401 may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc., or a volatile memory (volatile memory). For example, RAM. The memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this. The memory in the embodiment of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function for storing program instructions.

Optionally, the computer-executable instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application program codes, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.

An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.

An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip, and the logic in the chip is used to execute the method of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.

The embodiments of the present application are described with reference to the flowcharts and/or block diagrams of the methods, equipment (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and the combination of processes and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be implemented by instructions. These instructions can be provided to the processors of general-purpose computers, special-purpose computers, embedded processors, or other programmable data processing equipment to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment are generated for realization A device with a function specified in a flow or multiple flows in a flowchart and/or a block or multiple blocks in a block diagram.

These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction device. The device implements the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment. The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. In this way, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalent technologies, then this application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

A route selection method based on Border Gateway Protocol, which is characterized in that it comprises:

Obtain N routes out of the L routes received based on the Border Gateway Protocol BGP, and obtain the first-level rule and the second-level rule selected by the user; the first-level rule includes at least one rule; the L and N are A positive integer; the second-level rule includes at least one rule, and the second-level rule is different from the first-level rule;

The N routes are selected according to the first-level rules to obtain M routes; the M is a positive integer greater than 1, and the M<N;

The M routes are selected according to the second-level rules until a route is selected.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the N routes have the same route prefix.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the first-level rules include multiple rules, selecting the N routes according to the first-level rules includes:

Acquiring a logical relationship among multiple rules included in the first-level rule;

The N routes are selected based on the logical relationship.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein before obtaining the first-level rule selected by the user, the method further comprises:

Acquiring a plurality of pre-stored rules, and displaying the plurality of rules in a graphical interface;

The obtaining the first-level rule selected by the user includes:

According to the selection instruction input by the user on the graphical interface, the first-level rule selected by the user is determined.
The method according to claim 3, wherein obtaining the logical relationship among the multiple rules included in the first-level rule comprises:

Obtain the logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the first-level rule input by the user through the command line interface.
The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting the M routes according to the second-level rule comprises:

According to the logical relationship among the multiple rules included in the second-level rules, the M routes are selected.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, the method further comprises:

When the parameter information included in the rule is the path length, it is determined to enable the AS number deduplication function of the autonomous system.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first level rule comprises:

Choose the route with the least delay;

Choose the route with the least packet loss;

Choose the route with the lowest line cost;

Choose the route with the lowest line utilization.
The method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the second level rule comprises:

Select the route with the largest Preferred-value of the protocol;

Choose the route with the highest local priority;

Select aggregate route;

Choose the shortest AS path of the autonomous system;

Select the ORIGIN attribute as Interior Gateway Protocol IGP, Exterior Gateway Protocol EGP, Incomplete;

Choose multiple outlets to distinguish the lowest MED value;

Select the source as EBGP, confederation, IBGP;

Select the next hop Next_HOP with the lowest metric value;

Choose the shortest length of the cluster list CLUSTER_LIST;

Choose the smallest ORIGINATOR_ID;

Select the router with the smallest router ID;

Select the route advertised by the peer with the smallest Internetwork Protocol IP address.
A network device, characterized in that it comprises:

The obtaining unit is configured to obtain N routes among the L routes received based on the Border Gateway Protocol BGP, and obtain the first-level rule and the second-level rule selected by the user; the first-level rule includes at least one rule; The L and N are positive integers; the second-level rule includes at least one rule, and the second-level rule is different from the first-level rule;

The first selection unit is configured to select the N routes obtained by the obtaining unit according to the first-level rule to obtain M routes; the M is a positive integer greater than 1, and the M<N;

The second selection unit is configured to select the M routes obtained by the first selection unit according to the second-level rule until a route is selected.
The network device according to claim 10, wherein the N routes have the same route prefix.
The network device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the acquiring unit is further configured to:

When multiple rules are included in the first-level rules, acquiring a logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the first-level rules;

The first selection unit is specifically configured to select the N routes according to the first-level rules in the following manner:

The N routes are selected based on the logical relationship obtained by the obtaining unit.
The network device according to claims 10 to 12, wherein the obtaining unit is further configured to: obtain a plurality of pre-stored rules, and display the plurality of rules in a graphical interface;

The obtaining unit is specifically configured to obtain the first-level rule selected by the user in the following manner:

According to the selection instruction input by the user on the graphical interface, the first-level rule selected by the user is determined.
The network device according to claim 12, wherein the obtaining unit is specifically configured to obtain the logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the first-level rule in the following manner:

Obtain the logical relationship between the multiple rules included in the first-level rule input by the user through the command line interface.
The network device according to claim 10, wherein the second selection unit is specifically configured to select the M routes according to the second-level rules in the following manner:

According to the logical relationship among the multiple rules included in the second-level rules, the M routes are selected.
15. The network device according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the method further comprises:

When the parameter information included in the rule is the path length, it is determined to enable the AS number deduplication function of the autonomous system.
The network device according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the first level rule comprises:

Choose the route with the least delay;

Choose the route with the least packet loss;

Choose the route with the lowest line cost;

Choose the route with the lowest line utilization.
The network device according to claim 10 or 15, wherein the second level rule comprises:

Select the route with the largest Preferred-value of the protocol;

Choose the route with the highest local priority;

Select aggregate route;

Choose the shortest AS path of the autonomous system;

Select the ORIGIN attribute as IGP, EGP, Incomplete;

Choose multiple outlets to distinguish the lowest MED value;

Select the source as EBGP, confederation, IBGP;

Select the next hop Next_HOP with the lowest metric value;

Choose the shortest length of the cluster list CLUSTER_LIST;

Choose the smallest ORIGINATOR_ID;

Select the router with the smallest router ID;

Select the route advertised by the peer with the smallest Internetwork Protocol IP address.
A routing device based on Border Gateway Protocol, which is characterized by comprising: a memory, a communication interface and a processor;

The memory stores computer instructions;

The communication interface is used to receive and send data;

The processor is configured to execute computer instructions stored in the memory, so that the device executes the method according to any one of claims 1-9.
A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by a computer, the computer executes the method according to any one of claims 1-9 .
A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product includes computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-9.