WO2021217279A1 - Buoy for keeping maritime structures afloat - Google Patents

Buoy for keeping maritime structures afloat Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021217279A1
WO2021217279A1 PCT/CL2020/050046 CL2020050046W WO2021217279A1 WO 2021217279 A1 WO2021217279 A1 WO 2021217279A1 CL 2020050046 W CL2020050046 W CL 2020050046W WO 2021217279 A1 WO2021217279 A1 WO 2021217279A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
buoy
eyebolt
insert
buoy according
plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CL2020/050046
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Cristian Enrique SWETT BROWNE
Original Assignee
H Y B S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by H Y B S.A. filed Critical H Y B S.A.
Priority to PCT/CL2020/050046 priority Critical patent/WO2021217279A1/en
Publication of WO2021217279A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021217279A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B22/02—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to buoys to maintain floating maritime structures in a specific place, such as cages for fish farming centers, boats, among others.
  • Planting buoys consist of floating bodies that are used to hold large maritime structures fixed in place. Its function is to decompose the tension forces generated by the anchoring lines that connect the buoy to the seabed and the buoy itself to the maritime structure.
  • An example of such maritime structures are the cages of salmonid farming centers, which use buoys with capacities ranging between 3,000 and 6,500 liters.
  • plastic buoys are traditionally used.
  • the former have a cylindrical shape and their capacities range between 3,000 liters and 6,500 liters approximately.
  • plastic buoys are made mainly from rotomolded polyethylene.
  • a first type of plastic buoys have a conical shape, with dimensions that do not exceed 3,000 liters and with average weights of about 200-300 kilos, which are filled with expanded polystyrene (plumage or EPS) and have a central axis of galvanized steel. located between two eyebolts, one upper and one lower.
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • Examples of this type of buoy are those marketed by the company Wenco Sur, called Buoy 3000MC or the one disclosed in the patent of invention CL 42,859.
  • This type of buoys works by tying the lower eyelet both to the line that connects the buoy with the anchoring structure (anchor or “dead” as it is traditionally called) and to the line that connects the buoy with the cage, leaving the upper eyelet free. .
  • a first drawback of this type of buoys is that since the two lines are connected to the lower eyebolt, it receives all the traction forces produced by the waves, which causes the eyebolt to break or detach from the body of the buoy, allowing the entry of water to the interior of this and therefore damaging it or affecting its ability to float.
  • a second drawback of this type of buoys is that since the lower eyebolt to which the anchor lines are tied is submerged, it is necessary to locate the buoys relatively far from the cages, to avoid producing an unwanted vertical force vector in the line. that joins the buoy to the cage and which tends to sink the latter. This implies having to use a larger work area, limiting the operation and maneuvering of the vessels.
  • metal buoys can be used, which offer greater structural resistance and allow the connection of the line that goes from the cage to the buoy in the upper eyebolt, so that it is always in a horizontal position and the buoy close from the cage.
  • metal buoys have a very high cost and a low useful life due to the effects of corrosion.
  • the utility model application CL 201900258 attempts to address this problem by proposing a spherical plastic buoy, in which the eyebolts are joined by a flat steel bar made in one piece and located inside a plastic channel that vertically crosses the buoy. This configuration would allow the transfer of all the energy of the anchor through of the buoy, joining the upper eyebolt with the element to be anchored and the lower eyebolt with the anchor (dead or anchor).
  • the present invention consists of a buoy suitable for maintaining floating maritime structures in a given place, where said buoy comprises: a plastic material body, a metallic upper eyebolt, a metal lower eyebolt, a metal insert connected to the upper eyebolt and the eyebolt. bottom, said insert being located inside a channel.
  • the insert has a hollow cylindrical shape, which makes it possible, on the one hand, to resist a much higher traction than the bar inserts of the state of the art and, on the other, to avoid the generation of flexural moduli that affect the ability to transfer tensile stresses as well. as the integrity of the buoy.
  • the upper eyebolt comprises an upper base on which an upper plate rises vertically comprising an upper passage for mooring a floating structure.
  • said upper eyebolt comprises an upper reinforcing element removably connected to a means for holding the insert.
  • the reinforcing element makes it possible to distribute the traction force over a large area of the upper base of the eyebolt.
  • said reinforcing element consists of at least one straight C-shaped piece comprising a perforation on its upper face for inserting the insert holding means.
  • the upper reinforcing element consists of a horizontal plate that includes a perforation.
  • the fastening means consists of studs welded to the insert and fixed to the upper reinforcing element by means of fastening elements.
  • the lower eyebolt comprises a lower base under which a lower plate descends vertically comprising a lower passage.
  • the lower eyebolt is welded to the insert.
  • the lower eye bolt also comprises at least one lower reinforcing element attached to the insert, to the lower base and to the lower plate.
  • said lower reinforcing element is a metal plate which advantageously makes it possible to increase the contact area of the lower eyebolt plate with the insert, thus giving it greater resistance to their joining.
  • the proposed buoy is capable of resisting at least 40 tons, well above those of the state of the art discussed in the previous section.
  • its structure allows the transmission of all the anchoring force, since it is designed so that the lower eyebolt connects exclusively to the anchoring structure, while the upper eyebolt connects to the marine structure to be anchored. In this way it is avoided that unwanted vertical components are generated in the line that connects the buoy with said maritime structure, being able to locate the buoys at a shorter distance.
  • the buoy that uses the insert of the present invention is manufactured by the blowing method, allowing the flotation medium inside it to be compressed air.
  • the foregoing advantageously makes it possible to dispense with filling materials such as expanded polystyrene used by state-of-the-art buoys and which generates so many problems in the oceans and beaches when it comes off the buoys as a result of accidents, breakages, among others.
  • the buoy with the proposed insert can still be manufactured by the rotational molding method or be filled with expanded polystyrene or other materials less dense than water.
  • Figure 1 is a general sectional view of the buoy of the invention.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the central element of the buoy of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the upper eye of the buoy of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of the buoy of the invention.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a first view of the lower eye of the buoy of the invention.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a second view of the lower eye of the buoy of the invention.
  • Figure 7 shows a referential photograph of the upper eyebolt of the buoy of the invention.
  • Figure 8 shows a referential photograph of the lower eyebolt of the buoy of the invention.
  • the buoy of the present invention is made up of a body 10 with a spherical shape, comprising in its upper part an upper eyebolt 20 and in its lower part a lower eyebolt 30.
  • the upper and lower eyebolts are configured to mooring the buoy to a maritime structure and a structure located on the seabed, respectively.
  • a channel 40 with a cylindrical shape runs vertically through the interior of the body 10, being arranged inside said channel an insert 50 with a hollow cylindrical shape connected to both eyebolts.
  • the material of both the body 10 of the buoy and the channel 10 is High Density Polyethylene (HDPE).
  • HDPE High Density Polyethylene
  • a flotation material with a density lower than water such as expanded polystyrene.
  • the cylindrical-shaped insert 50 has a constant inner and outer diameter. It is preferably constructed from steel and has an upper recess 51 and a lower recess 52 to connect respectively to the upper and lower eyebolts.
  • the upper eyebolt 20 comprises an upper base 21 with a preferably circular convex shape, on which an upper plate 22 rises vertically.
  • the latter comprises at its upper end an upper passage 23.
  • an upper reinforcement element 24 which, according to the illustrated embodiment, consists of a straight C-shaped piece with a perforation on its upper face (see Fig. 4).
  • the upper reinforcing element can simply be a horizontal plate that includes the perforation.
  • the upper reinforcement element 24 is preferably welded to both the upper base 21 and the upper plate 22.
  • the latter has studs 53 welded to the upper recess of said structure. Said studs are inserted through the perforations of the reinforcing element 24 and are fixed by means of fixing elements 54, which according to the illustrated embodiment preferably consist of a nut and locknut fixed to an upper thread of the studs 53.
  • the lower eyebolt comprises a lower base 31 with a preferably flat circular shape, under which a lower plate 32 descends vertically.
  • the latter comprises at its lower end a lower passage 33.
  • a lower reinforcing element 34 is arranged consisting of a plate with a preferably trapezoidal shape welded to the insert (50).
  • the lower reinforcement element 34 is preferably welded to both the lower base 31 and the lower plate 32.
  • the lower eyebolt could not have the lower reinforcement element 34.
  • the lower eyelet 30 is fixed to the insert 50.
  • the lower plate is completely inserted and welded in the lower recess 52 of the central structure (Fig. 2), while the portion of the insert 50 that protrudes under the lower base 31 is welded to the lower plate 32 as well as to said lower base 31.

Abstract

Disclosed is a buoy for keeping maritime structures afloat in a certain place, the buoy comprising: a body made of plastic material; an upper metal eye bolt; a lower metal eye bolt; and a metal insert connected to the upper eye bolt and to the lower eye bolt, the insert being located inside a channel.

Description

BOYA PARA MANTENER ESTRUCTURAS MARÍTIMAS FLOTANTES BUOY TO KEEP FLOATING MARINE STRUCTURES
MEMORIA DESCRIPTIVA DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a las boyas para mantener estructuras marítimas flotantes en un lugar determinado, tal como jaulas de centro de cultivo de peces, embarcaciones, entre otras. The present invention refers to buoys to maintain floating maritime structures in a specific place, such as cages for fish farming centers, boats, among others.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Las boyas de tiro consisten en cuerpos flotantes que se utilizan para mantener grandes estructuras marítimas fijas en un lugar determinado. Su función es descomponer las fuerzas de tensión generadas por las líneas de fondeo que conectan la boya al fondo marino y la propia boya a la estructura marítima. Un ejemplo de tales estructuras marítimas son las jaulas de los centros de cultivo de salmónidos, que utilizan boyas con capacidades que oscilan entre los 3.000 y 6.500 litros. Shooting buoys consist of floating bodies that are used to hold large maritime structures fixed in place. Its function is to decompose the tension forces generated by the anchoring lines that connect the buoy to the seabed and the buoy itself to the maritime structure. An example of such maritime structures are the cages of salmonid farming centers, which use buoys with capacities ranging between 3,000 and 6,500 liters.
En dicha industria, tradicionalmente se utilizan boyas metálicas y plásticas. Las primeras poseen forma cilindrica y sus capacidades oscilan entre los 3.000 litros y los 6.500 litros aproximadamente. Por su parte, las boyas plásticas son elaboradas principalmente a base de polietileno rotomoldeado. In this industry, metal and plastic buoys are traditionally used. The former have a cylindrical shape and their capacities range between 3,000 liters and 6,500 liters approximately. For their part, plastic buoys are made mainly from rotomolded polyethylene.
Un primer tipo de boyas plásticas tienen forma cónica, con dimensiones que no sobrepasan los 3.000 litros y con pesos promedios de unos 200-300 kilos, las cuales se rellenan de poliestireno expandido (plumavit o EPS) y cuentan con un eje central de acero galvanizado ubicado entre dos cáncamos, uno superior y otro inferior. Ejemplos de este tipo de boya son aquellas comercializadas por la empresa Wenco Sur, denominada Boya 3000MC o la divulgada en la patente de invención CL 42.859. A first type of plastic buoys have a conical shape, with dimensions that do not exceed 3,000 liters and with average weights of about 200-300 kilos, which are filled with expanded polystyrene (plumage or EPS) and have a central axis of galvanized steel. located between two eyebolts, one upper and one lower. Examples of this type of buoy are those marketed by the company Wenco Sur, called Buoy 3000MC or the one disclosed in the patent of invention CL 42,859.
Este tipo de boyas funciona amarrando el cáncamo inferior tanto a la línea que conecta la boya con la estructura de fondeo (ancla o “muerto” como se denomina tradicionalmente) como a la línea que conecta la boya con la jaula, quedando el cáncamo superior libre. This type of buoys works by tying the lower eyelet both to the line that connects the buoy with the anchoring structure (anchor or "dead" as it is traditionally called) and to the line that connects the buoy with the cage, leaving the upper eyelet free. .
Un primer inconveniente de este tipo de boyas es que dado que las dos líneas se conectan al cáncamo inferior, éste recibe todos los esfuerzos de tracción producido por el oleaje, lo cual genera que el cáncamo se rompa o desprenda del cuerpo de la boya, permitiendo el ingreso de agua al interior de esta y por tanto dañándola o afectando su capacidad de flotación. A first drawback of this type of buoys is that since the two lines are connected to the lower eyebolt, it receives all the traction forces produced by the waves, which causes the eyebolt to break or detach from the body of the buoy, allowing the entry of water to the interior of this and therefore damaging it or affecting its ability to float.
Un segundo inconveniente de este tipo de boyas es que al estar sumergido el cáncamo inferior al cual se amarran las líneas de fondeo, resulta necesario ubicar las boyas relativamente lejos de las jaulas, para evitar que se produzca un vector de fuerza vertical indeseado en la línea que une la boya a la jaula y el cual tiende a hundir esta última. Lo anterior implica tener que utilizar un área de trabajo mayor, limitando la operación y maniobra de las embarcaciones. A second drawback of this type of buoys is that since the lower eyebolt to which the anchor lines are tied is submerged, it is necessary to locate the buoys relatively far from the cages, to avoid producing an unwanted vertical force vector in the line. that joins the buoy to the cage and which tends to sink the latter. This implies having to use a larger work area, limiting the operation and maneuvering of the vessels.
Para evitar estos inconvenientes, se pueden utilizar las boyas metálicas, las cuales ofrecen una mayor resistencia estructural y permiten conectar la línea que va desde la jaula hacia la boya en el cáncamo superior, de modo que esta quede siempre en posición horizontal y la boya cerca de la jaula. No obstante, las boyas metálicas tienen un costo muy elevado y una baja vida útil producto de los efectos de la corrosión. To avoid these inconveniences, metal buoys can be used, which offer greater structural resistance and allow the connection of the line that goes from the cage to the buoy in the upper eyebolt, so that it is always in a horizontal position and the buoy close from the cage. However, metal buoys have a very high cost and a low useful life due to the effects of corrosion.
La solicitud de modelo de utilidad CL 201900258 intenta hacer frente a este problema proponiendo una boya plástica esférica, en la cual los cáncamos están unidos por una barra plana de acero fabricada en una sola pieza y ubicada al interior de un canal plástico que atraviesa verticalmente la boya. Esta configuración permitiría transferir toda la energía del fondeo a través de la boya, uniendo el cáncamo superior con el elemento a fondear y el cáncamo inferior con el fondeo (muerto o ancla). The utility model application CL 201900258 attempts to address this problem by proposing a spherical plastic buoy, in which the eyebolts are joined by a flat steel bar made in one piece and located inside a plastic channel that vertically crosses the buoy. This configuration would allow the transfer of all the energy of the anchor through of the buoy, joining the upper eyebolt with the element to be anchored and the lower eyebolt with the anchor (dead or anchor).
Sin perjuicio de lo anterior, se ha descubierto que utilizar una barra plana de acero de sección transversal rectangular como eje central de la boya y del tipo como la divulgada en la solicitud CL 201900258, posee el inconveniente de que genera un módulo de flexión en un sentido "de canto" (lado ancho de la barra) lo cual, por un lado, afecta la resistencia y la capacidad de transferir los esfuerzos de tensión provenientes de las líneas de fondeo y, por otro, los cantos de la barra flexionada pueden dañar el canal. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it has been discovered that using a flat steel bar of rectangular cross section as the central axis of the buoy and of the type as disclosed in the application CL 201900258, has the disadvantage that it generates a bending modulus in a "edge" direction (wide side of the bar) which, on the one hand, affects the resistance and the ability to transfer tensile stresses from the anchor lines and, on the other, the edges of the bent bar can damage the channel.
Es por tanto el objetivo de la presente invención, superar los inconvenientes del estado del arte por medio de una boya de tiro plástica que posea una estructura más resistente y que distribuya de forma más eficiente los esfuerzos de tensión sin comprometer la integridad de la propia boya. It is therefore the objective of the present invention, to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art by means of a plastic shooting buoy that has a more resistant structure and that distributes tension stresses more efficiently without compromising the integrity of the buoy itself. .
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención consiste en una boya adecuada para mantener estructuras marítimas flotantes en un lugar determinado, en donde dicha boya comprende: un cuerpo de material plástico, un cáncamo superior metálico, un cáncamo inferior metálico, un inserto metálico conectado al cáncamo superior y al cáncamo inferior, estando ubicado dicho inserto al interior de un canal. Ventajosamente, el inserto tiene forma cilindrica hueca, lo cual permite por una parte resistir una tracción muy superior a los insertos de barra del estado del arte y por otra, evitar la generación de módulos de flexión que afectan la capacidad de transferir esfuerzos de tensión así como la integridad de la boya. The present invention consists of a buoy suitable for maintaining floating maritime structures in a given place, where said buoy comprises: a plastic material body, a metallic upper eyebolt, a metal lower eyebolt, a metal insert connected to the upper eyebolt and the eyebolt. bottom, said insert being located inside a channel. Advantageously, the insert has a hollow cylindrical shape, which makes it possible, on the one hand, to resist a much higher traction than the bar inserts of the state of the art and, on the other, to avoid the generation of flexural moduli that affect the ability to transfer tensile stresses as well. as the integrity of the buoy.
De acuerdo a una modalidad preferida, el cáncamo superior comprende una base superior sobre la cual se eleva verticalmente una plancha superior que comprende un pasaje superior para amarrar una estructura flotante. Preferentemente, dicho cáncamo superior comprende un elemento de refuerzo superior conectado de manera desprendible a un medio de sujeción del inserto. According to a preferred embodiment, the upper eyebolt comprises an upper base on which an upper plate rises vertically comprising an upper passage for mooring a floating structure. Preferably, said upper eyebolt comprises an upper reinforcing element removably connected to a means for holding the insert.
Ventajosamente, el elemento de refuerzo permite distribuir la fuerza de tracción sobre una gran área de la base superior del cáncamo. De acuerdo a una modalidad, dicho elemento de refuerzo consiste en al menos una pieza con forma de C recta que comprende una perforación en su cara superior para la inserción del medio de sujeción del inserto. De acuerdo a una modalidad alternativa, el elemento de refuerzo superior consiste en una placa horizontal que incluye una perforación. Mediante cualquiera de las formas propuestas para el elemento de refuerzo superior, ventajosamente se provee una baja deformación cuando el medio de sujeción del inserto se fija al cáncamo a través de la perforación de dicho elemento de refuerzo superior. Advantageously, the reinforcing element makes it possible to distribute the traction force over a large area of the upper base of the eyebolt. According to one embodiment, said reinforcing element consists of at least one straight C-shaped piece comprising a perforation on its upper face for inserting the insert holding means. According to an alternative embodiment, the upper reinforcing element consists of a horizontal plate that includes a perforation. By any of the proposed shapes for the upper reinforcement element, advantageously a low deformation is provided when the insert clamping means is fixed to the eye through the perforation of said upper reinforcement element.
De acuerdo a una modalidad preferida, el medio de sujeción consiste en espárragos soldados al inserto y fijados al elemento de refuerzo superior mediante elementos de fijación. According to a preferred embodiment, the fastening means consists of studs welded to the insert and fixed to the upper reinforcing element by means of fastening elements.
De acuerdo a una modalidad preferida, el cáncamo inferior comprende una base inferior bajo la cual desciende verticalmente una plancha inferior que comprende un pasaje inferior. Preferentemente, el cáncamo inferior está soldado al inserto. According to a preferred embodiment, the lower eyebolt comprises a lower base under which a lower plate descends vertically comprising a lower passage. Preferably, the lower eyebolt is welded to the insert.
De acuerdo a una modalidad alternativa de la invención, el cáncamo inferior además comprende al menos un elemento de refuerzo inferior unido el inserto, a la base inferior y a la plancha inferior. Preferentemente, dicho elemento de refuerzo inferior es una placa metálica la cual ventajosamente permite aumentar el área de contacto del plato del cáncamo inferior con el inserto, entregándole así mayor resistencia a la unión de estos. According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the lower eye bolt also comprises at least one lower reinforcing element attached to the insert, to the lower base and to the lower plate. Preferably, said lower reinforcing element is a metal plate which advantageously makes it possible to increase the contact area of the lower eyebolt plate with the insert, thus giving it greater resistance to their joining.
Por medio de las modalidades antes descritas, la boya propuesta es capaz de resistir al menos 40 toneladas, muy por sobre aquellas del estado del arte discutidas en la sección anterior. Además su estructura permite transmitir toda la fuerza de fondeo, ya que está diseñada para que el cáncamo inferior se conecte exclusivamente a la estructura de fondeo, mientras que el cáncamo superior se conecta a la estructura marítima a anclar. De esta manera se evita que se generen componentes verticales indeseadas en la línea que conecta la boya con dicha estructura marítima, pudiendo ubicar las boyas a una distancia menor. By means of the modalities described above, the proposed buoy is capable of resisting at least 40 tons, well above those of the state of the art discussed in the previous section. In addition, its structure allows the transmission of all the anchoring force, since it is designed so that the lower eyebolt connects exclusively to the anchoring structure, while the upper eyebolt connects to the marine structure to be anchored. In this way it is avoided that unwanted vertical components are generated in the line that connects the buoy with said maritime structure, being able to locate the buoys at a shorter distance.
Preferentemente, la boya que utiliza el inserto de la presente invención está fabricada por el método de soplado, permitiendo que el medio de flotación en su interior sea aire comprimido. Lo anterior ventajosamente permite prescindir de materiales de relleno tales como el Poliestireno expandido que utilizan las boyas del estado del arte y que tantos problemas genera en los océanos y playas cuando se desprende de las boyas producto de accidentes, roturas, entre otros. No obstante lo anterior, la boya con el inserto propuesto igual puede ser fabricada por el método de rotomoldeo o estar rellena con Poliestireno expandido u otros materiales menos densos que el agua. Preferably, the buoy that uses the insert of the present invention is manufactured by the blowing method, allowing the flotation medium inside it to be compressed air. The foregoing advantageously makes it possible to dispense with filling materials such as expanded polystyrene used by state-of-the-art buoys and which generates so many problems in the oceans and beaches when it comes off the buoys as a result of accidents, breakages, among others. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the buoy with the proposed insert can still be manufactured by the rotational molding method or be filled with expanded polystyrene or other materials less dense than water.
Estas y otras ventajas se podrán apreciar a partir de las figuras que se acompañan y que se describen a continuación, siendo meramente representativas de la invención y, por lo tanto, no deben considerarse como limitantes a la definición de la materia reivindicada. These and other advantages will be appreciated from the accompanying figures and which are described below, being merely representative of the invention and, therefore, they should not be considered as limiting the definition of the claimed matter.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La Figura 1 es una vista general en corte de la boya de la invención. Figure 1 is a general sectional view of the buoy of the invention.
La Figura 2 ilustra el elemento central de la boya de la presente invención. Figure 2 illustrates the central element of the buoy of the present invention.
La Figura 3 ilustra el cáncamo superior de la boya de la presente invención. La Figura 4 es una vista superior de la boya de la invención. Figure 3 illustrates the upper eye of the buoy of the present invention. Figure 4 is a top view of the buoy of the invention.
La Figura 5 ilustra una primera una vista del cáncamo inferior de la boya de la invención. La Figura 6 ilustra una segunda vista del cáncamo inferior de la boya de la invención.Figure 5 illustrates a first view of the lower eye of the buoy of the invention. Figure 6 illustrates a second view of the lower eye of the buoy of the invention.
La Figura 7 muestra una fotografía referencial del cáncamo superior de la boya de la invención. La Figura 8 muestra una fotografía referencial del cáncamo inferior de la boya de la invención. Figure 7 shows a referential photograph of the upper eyebolt of the buoy of the invention. Figure 8 shows a referential photograph of the lower eyebolt of the buoy of the invention.
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
De acuerdo a la Figura 1 , la boya de la presente invención está conformada por un cuerpo 10 de forma esférica, comprendiendo en su parte superior un cáncamo superior 20 y en su parte inferior un cáncamo inferior 30. Los cáncamos superior e inferior están configurados para amarrar la boya a una estructura marítima y a una estructura ubicada en el fondo marino, respectivamente. Un canal 40 con forma cilindrica atraviesa verticalmente y por el interior al cuerpo 10, disponiéndose en el interior de dicho canal un inserto 50 con forma cilindrica hueca conectada a ambos cáncamos. According to Figure 1, the buoy of the present invention is made up of a body 10 with a spherical shape, comprising in its upper part an upper eyebolt 20 and in its lower part a lower eyebolt 30. The upper and lower eyebolts are configured to mooring the buoy to a maritime structure and a structure located on the seabed, respectively. A channel 40 with a cylindrical shape runs vertically through the interior of the body 10, being arranged inside said channel an insert 50 with a hollow cylindrical shape connected to both eyebolts.
De acuerdo a una modalidad preferida, el material tanto del cuerpo 10 de la boya como del canal 10 es Polietileno de alta densidad (HDPE, por sus siglas en inglés). Además, entre ambos elementos se dispone un material de flotación con una densidad menor que el agua, tal como Poliestireno expandido. According to a preferred embodiment, the material of both the body 10 of the buoy and the channel 10 is High Density Polyethylene (HDPE). In addition, between both elements there is a flotation material with a density lower than water, such as expanded polystyrene.
Según se aprecia en la Figura 2, el inserto 50 con forma cilindrica posee un diámetro interior y exterior constante. Preferentemente está construido a partir de acero y posee un rebaje superior 51 y un rebaje inferior 52 para conectarse respectivamente al cáncamo superior e inferior. As seen in Figure 2, the cylindrical-shaped insert 50 has a constant inner and outer diameter. It is preferably constructed from steel and has an upper recess 51 and a lower recess 52 to connect respectively to the upper and lower eyebolts.
De acuerdo a lo ilustrado en las Figuras 3 y 4, el cáncamo superior 20 comprende una base superior 21 con forma preferentemente circular convexa, sobre la cual se eleva verticalmente una plancha superior 22. Esta última comprende en su extremo superior un pasaje superior 23. Además, a cada costado de la plancha superior 22 y sobre la base superior 21, se dispone un elemento de refuerzo superior 24 que de acuerdo a la modalidad ilustrada consiste en una pieza con forma de C recta con una perforación en su cara superior (ver Fig. 4). De acuerdo a una modalidad alternativa, el elemento de refuerzo superior puede ser simplemente una placa horizontal que incluya la perforación. El elemento de refuerzo superior 24 se encuentra preferentemente soldado tanto a la base superior 21 como a la plancha superior 22. As illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, the upper eyebolt 20 comprises an upper base 21 with a preferably circular convex shape, on which an upper plate 22 rises vertically. The latter comprises at its upper end an upper passage 23. In addition, on each side of the upper plate 22 and on the upper base 21, there is an upper reinforcement element 24 which, according to the illustrated embodiment, consists of a straight C-shaped piece with a perforation on its upper face (see Fig. 4). According to a alternatively, the upper reinforcing element can simply be a horizontal plate that includes the perforation. The upper reinforcement element 24 is preferably welded to both the upper base 21 and the upper plate 22.
Como se puede apreciar en la Figura 3, para la conexión del cáncamo superior al inserto 50, esta última posee espárragos 53 soldados al rebaje superior de dicha estructura. Dichos espárragos se introducen por las perforaciones del elemento de refuerzo 24 y se fijan mediante elementos de fijación 54, los cuales según la modalidad ilustrada consisten preferentemente en una tuerca y contratuerca fjiadas a un hilo superior de los espárragos 53. As can be seen in Figure 3, for the connection of the upper eyebolt to the insert 50, the latter has studs 53 welded to the upper recess of said structure. Said studs are inserted through the perforations of the reinforcing element 24 and are fixed by means of fixing elements 54, which according to the illustrated embodiment preferably consist of a nut and locknut fixed to an upper thread of the studs 53.
De acuerdo a lo ilustrado en las Figuras 5 y 6, el cáncamo inferior comprende una base inferior 31 con forma preferentemente circular plana, bajo la cual desciende verticalmente una plancha inferior 32. Esta última comprende en su extremo inferior un pasaje inferior 33. Además, sobre la base inferior 31 y atravesando el inserto 50 en una dirección perpendicular a la plancha inferior 32, se dispone un elemento de refuerzo inferior 34 que consiste en una placa con forma preferentemente trapezoidal soldada al inserto (50). El elemento de refuerzo inferior 34 se encuentra preferentemente soldado tanto a la base inferior 31 como a la plancha inferior 32. Por otra parte y de acuerdo a una modalidad alternativa de la invención, el cáncamo inferior podría no poseer el elemento de refuerzo inferior 34. According to what is illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, the lower eyebolt comprises a lower base 31 with a preferably flat circular shape, under which a lower plate 32 descends vertically. The latter comprises at its lower end a lower passage 33. Furthermore, On the lower base 31 and traversing the insert 50 in a direction perpendicular to the lower plate 32, a lower reinforcing element 34 is arranged consisting of a plate with a preferably trapezoidal shape welded to the insert (50). The lower reinforcement element 34 is preferably welded to both the lower base 31 and the lower plate 32. On the other hand, and according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the lower eyebolt could not have the lower reinforcement element 34.
Preferentemente el cáncamo inferior 30 está fijo al inserto 50. En particular, la plancha inferior está completamente inserta y soldada en el rebaje inferior 52 de la estructura central (Fig. 2), mientras que la porción del inserto 50 que sobresale bajo la base inferior 31 está soldada a la plancha inferior 32 al igual que a dicha base inferior 31. Preferably the lower eyelet 30 is fixed to the insert 50. In particular, the lower plate is completely inserted and welded in the lower recess 52 of the central structure (Fig. 2), while the portion of the insert 50 that protrudes under the lower base 31 is welded to the lower plate 32 as well as to said lower base 31.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Una boya para mantener estructuras marítimas flotantes en un lugar determinado, dicha boya comprendiendo: un cuerpo (10) de material plástico; un cáncamo superior (20) metálico; un cáncamo inferior (30) metálico; un inserto (50) metálico conectado al cáncamo superior (20) y al cáncamo inferior (30), estando ubicado dicho inserto (50) al interior de un canal (40); 1. A buoy to maintain floating maritime structures in a determined place, said buoy comprising: a body (10) of plastic material; an upper metal eye (20); a lower metal eyebolt (30); a metal insert (50) connected to the upper eyebolt (20) and the lower eyebolt (30), said insert (50) being located inside a channel (40);
CARACTERIZADA porque dicho inserto (50) tiene forma cilindrica hueca. CHARACTERIZED in that said insert (50) has a hollow cylindrical shape.
2. La boya según la reivindicación 1, CARACTERIZADA porque el cáncamo superior comprende una base superior (21) sobre la cual se eleva verticalmente una plancha superior (22) que comprende un pasaje superior (23). 2. The buoy according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the upper eye bolt comprises an upper base (21) on which an upper plate (22) is raised vertically comprising an upper passage (23).
3. La boya según la reivindicación 1 o 2, CARACTERIZADA porque el cáncamo superior (20) comprende un elemento de refuerzo superior (24) conectado de manera desprendióle a un medio de sujeción del inserto (50). 3. The buoy according to claim 1 or 2, CHARACTERIZED in that the upper eyebolt (20) comprises an upper reinforcing element (24) detachedly connected to a means for holding the insert (50).
4. La boya según la reivindicación 3, CARACTERIZADA porque el elemento de refuerzo superior (24) consiste en una placa horizontal que incluye una perforación. 4. The buoy according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED in that the upper reinforcing element (24) consists of a horizontal plate that includes a perforation.
5. La boya según la reivindicación 3, CARACTERIZADA porque el elemento de refuerzo superior (24) consiste en al menos una pieza con forma de C recta que comprende una perforación en su cara superior. 5. The buoy according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED in that the upper reinforcement element (24) consists of at least one piece with a straight C-shape comprising a perforation in its upper face.
6. La boya según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 3 a 5, CARACTERIZADA porque el medio de sujeción consiste en espárragos (53) soldados al inserto (50) y fijados al elemento de refuerzo superior (24) mediante elementos de fijación (54). 6. The buoy according to any of claims 3 to 5, CHARACTERIZED in that the fastening means consists of studs (53) welded to the insert (50) and fixed to the upper reinforcement element (24) by means of fastening elements (54).
7. La boya según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, CARACTERIZADA porque el cáncamo inferior (30) comprende una base inferior (31) bajo la cual desciende verticalmente una plancha inferior (32) que comprende un pasaje inferior (33). 7. The buoy according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED in that the lower eyebolt (30) comprises a lower base (31) under which a lower plate (32) descends vertically comprising a lower passage (33).
8. La boya según la reivindicación 7, CARACTERIZADA porque el cáncamo inferior (30) comprende al menos un elemento de refuerzo inferior (34) unido el inserto (50), a la base inferior (31) y a la plancha inferior (32). 8. The buoy according to claim 7, CHARACTERIZED in that the lower eyebolt (30) comprises at least one lower reinforcing element (34) attached to the insert (50), to the lower base (31) and to the lower plate (32).
9. La boya según la reivindicación 8, CARACTERIZADA porque dicho elemento de refuerzo inferior (34) es una placa metálica. 9. The buoy according to claim 8, CHARACTERIZED in that said lower reinforcing element (34) is a metal plate.
10. La boya según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, CARACTERIZADA porque el cáncamo inferior (30) está soldado al inserto (50). 10. The buoy according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED in that the lower eyebolt (30) is welded to the insert (50).
11. La boya según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, CARACTERIZADA porque tiene forma cilindrica. 11. The buoy according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED in that it has a cylindrical shape.
12. La boya según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones precedentes, CARACTERIZADA porque está rellena con un material menos denso que el agua. 12. The buoy according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED in that it is filled with a material less dense than water.
13. La boya según la reivindicación 12, CARACTERIZADA porque está rellena con aire comprimido. 13. The buoy according to claim 12, CHARACTERIZED in that it is filled with compressed air.
PCT/CL2020/050046 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Buoy for keeping maritime structures afloat WO2021217279A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CL2020/050046 WO2021217279A1 (en) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Buoy for keeping maritime structures afloat

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CL2020/050046 WO2021217279A1 (en) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Buoy for keeping maritime structures afloat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021217279A1 true WO2021217279A1 (en) 2021-11-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CL2020/050046 WO2021217279A1 (en) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Buoy for keeping maritime structures afloat

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Country Link
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3132417A (en) * 1961-10-18 1964-05-12 Dayton Formold Inc Production of plastic foam articles
GB2234717A (en) * 1989-08-10 1991-02-13 Geco As A bouyancy tow body
US10542798B2 (en) * 2014-07-30 2020-01-28 Gianmanuel D'Abundo Buoyant support for an object

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3132417A (en) * 1961-10-18 1964-05-12 Dayton Formold Inc Production of plastic foam articles
GB2234717A (en) * 1989-08-10 1991-02-13 Geco As A bouyancy tow body
US10542798B2 (en) * 2014-07-30 2020-01-28 Gianmanuel D'Abundo Buoyant support for an object

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