WO2021215924A1 - Melting-fuse description - Google Patents
Melting-fuse description Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021215924A1 WO2021215924A1 PCT/NL2021/050265 NL2021050265W WO2021215924A1 WO 2021215924 A1 WO2021215924 A1 WO 2021215924A1 NL 2021050265 W NL2021050265 W NL 2021050265W WO 2021215924 A1 WO2021215924 A1 WO 2021215924A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fire
- mineral wool
- vacuumed
- compressed
- cassette
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/948—Fire-proof sealings or joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/947—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire by closing openings in walls or the like in the case of fire
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
- E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
Definitions
- Ventilation, thermal insulation and fire safety are all related pillars.
- Fire is the result of three main elements: fuel, oxygen and an ignition.
- Flammable insulation in combination with air flow makes a facade or roof structure actively contribute to the spread of the fire if a fire breaks out.
- Flammable insulation in combination with air flow makes a facade or roof structure with a ventilated cavity actively contribute to the spread of the fire if a fire breaks out. Above all in tall buildings with multiple floors, this is a notorious phenomenon in which multiple victims are not rare. Therefore, the recommendation per floor and per building compartment is to install fire-resistant barriers in the building shell.
- the barriers are made of inflammable materials, filled with thermal foam substances.
- a common solution for creating fire-resistant barriers is the installation of a block of mineral wool filled with a strip of fire retardant foam tape.
- the mineral wool is fire resistant up to high temperatures at sufficient density.
- the fire retardant foam tape expands as high temperatures such that it closes off the free space.
- the mineral wool retains its structure when exposed to heat.
- the fire retardant foam material does however lose its cohesion and it flows out under hot air flows.
- the application of fire retardant foam tape in a ventilated cavity is therefore very critical. If the cavity is too narrow, this will not ventilate enough and the outermost layer may become too damp over time and thus may be damaged. Materials with which the outermost layer of the substructure is attached may corrode, which cases the outermost facade parts to come loose. An unacceptable situation for a high-rise building. If the cavity is too wide, however, the fire retardant foam material will blow away too quickly, and the barrier will not be fire-resistant enough. In this, one must consider that in the event of fire, the air flow in the cavity will reach much higher speeds than otherwise, as in a chimney.
- a second disadvantage the installation of a fire-resistant barrier of mineral wool is difficult. This is because the fixation must also be fire-resistant.
- a block of mineral wool is inserted via a “blind” fixation, for example.
- the fixation of the mineral wool barrier thus almost always deviates from the fixation of the other insulation.
- the mineral wool insulation must be fully aligned with the insulation, which must be installed earlier. You may guess that this is difficult on a construction site.
- a third disadvantage is that in the event of fire, the components may become deformed through exposure to heat.
- a block of mineral wool itself will not bum, but the closing off of the cavity to prevent the fire spreading, will take place much more slowly because of deformation of above all the outermost parts of the facade. Even the foaming material will dissipate much faster, through which the barrier will only hold out for a short time or in a limited manner.
- the desire of the implementing parties is also to have a solution that fits into the construction process and results in a reliable, durable and implementable barrier, whereby the size of the ventilation space in the cavity is guaranteed as well as, in the event of fire, closing-off of the cavity to combat the spread of the fire.
- the fuse is characterized by, after the detailed definition in dimensions and composition of a quantity of mineral wool (such as mineral wool), whereby this is compressed by generating a vacuum or applying vacuum techniques, this then in the form of a certain melt-proof gasket is installed, such as placing this in a cassette specifically developed for this.
- the technique of compression guarantees the orientation and maintenance of the fibre wool and with it the elasticity of the wool.
- the elasticity causes the wool to return to the original form after melting of the gasket or otherwise for it to be free to expand.
- the technique of compression guarantees the orientation and maintenance of the fibre wool and with it the durable elasticity of the wool.
- the durable elasticity causes the wool to return to the original form even after dozens of years after melting of the gasket or otherwise for it to be free to expand.
- the gasket By containing the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool in the desired dimensions in a gasket with a fuse, it will expand when melting. At higher temperatures, such as in the event of fire, the gasket itself will melt or break open and the gasket actually works as a “fuse” for the expansion of the mineral wool needed in the event of fire. After (part) of the “fuse” melts (a part of the package, such as a part of the cassette), the mineral wool expands in the desired direction and closes off the cavity.
- one of these objectives namely preventing the spread of fire in high-rise buildings with ventilated facades is explained below.
- the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool is therefore placed in a pre-defmed form (the invention), such as a cassette, such that the mineral wool still always expands if the form disappears, such as a part of the cassette.
- the disappearance of the form occurs when the fuse buckles, such as a (side) wall of the cassette.
- the form with the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool is designed in a dimension that matches the dimensions of the insulation material used in the facade.
- the fuse can be installed in multiple forms by implementing the solution, here are four non-limiting examples: 1. Between the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool and the outer facade, a plastic air- permeable spacer may be installed that ensures ventilation. The spacer is first to melt during a fire, after which the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool expands as desired.
- this fuse can also be realized in another way, by, for example, sealing it in with the compression or vacuuming of the mineral wool.
- the spacer is first to melt during a fire, after which the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool expands as desired.
- This fuse can also be installed after sealing, whereby when installing the fuse, the mineral wool in the container can expand by the dimensions that it must have for application in the cavity.
- FIG. 1 schematic presentation of a (residential) building with fire compartments
- FIG. 2 schematic presentation of a ventilated cavity at the location of a story floor
- FIG. 3 schematic presentation of a barrier with fuse in fire in the design with a container/cassette
- FIG. 4 schematic presentation of the function of a barrier with fuse
- FIG. 5 schematic presentation of a barrier with fuse in the design with an internal fuse
- FIG. 6 schematic presentation of a barrier with fuse in the design with an air-permeable spacer
- the fuse works in two parts, first it holds the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool in the desired location, without this prematurely expanding and thus interrupting the necessary air flow (which leads to damp problems).
- the second form of fuse is designed for the fact that this melts first in the event of fire, after which the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool expands and seals the cavity.
- Figure 1 sketches out a residential building (1) with indication of a residence that must be constructed as a compartment (2) in terms of fire safety. In the event of fire in a compartment, this will be contained as long as possible to that compartment. All structural elements and connections between elements (3) must have sufficient resistant to the spread and transfer of fire. Fire resistant barriers are a solution for this in the connections. In this, the connections to the facade must be ventilated and are thus equipped with flammable insulation.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-section of the connection between a story floor (4) and a ventilated facade.
- the facade is made up of an interior sheet (5) and a facade (9).
- the thermal insulation (6) is installed between the interior sheet and the facade . Moisture can condense behind the facade and to prevent this, the space between the insulation (6) and the facade (9), the cavity (7) must be continually ventilated with outside air. In the event of fire in one compartment, the fire may spread to another compartment may take place via the cavity.
- a fire resistant barrier (8) must prevent that. But when the barrier does not seal the cavity during a fire, the flames can creep up to the following floor between the barrier and the facade. Considering that the cavity acts as a chimney over the entire height of the building in the event of fire, and the thermal insulation (6) also bums, the fire can spread around it in a very short time and can “climb” up very fast via the cavity.
- FIG. 3 shows an example design of the invention, a fire-resistant barrier with expanding wool (8).
- a container developed for this such as a cassette (12)
- inflammable insulation material installed (10) with a thickness adjusted to the thermal insulation used in the facade.
- This also includes compressed or vacuumed mineral wool (11).
- the cassette serves as a container and also as a fuse.
- the fire retardant foam tape (13) is pressed against the facade through which there is no or limited air flow and the fire retardant foam material better blocks the fire without falling apart / be blown away.
- the design of the cassette includes attachment points (14), so that it is very easy to install on the interior sheet.
- a design of the invention not shown differs from figure 3 in the following.
- the expanding wool (8) is equipped with a reinforcement material that guarantees that the expanding wool (8) keeps its position when an underlying construction has fallen away through fire.
- the reinforcement material extends out into the interior of the wool (8).
- the reinforcement material extends out in the inflammable insulation material (10) and/or in the mineral wool (11).
- the reinforcement material contains a bracket attached in the wool (8).
- the bracket is attached to the cassette (12). It will be clear that all suitable reinforcement materials can be considered.
- Figure 4 shows what happens during a fire when the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool is installed with a fuse.
- the mineral wool (11) which is in the same position at the level of the storey floor (4), expanded and occludes the cavity (7) fully to the facade (9).
- the flames (15) can now not climb through the cavity, because the combination of the mineral wool (11), such as rock wool, with the fire retardant foam tape (13) functions as a fire-resistant barrier.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of another manner of fuse.
- the fuse (16) is integrated into the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool.
- the fuse is installed between 2 plates (17), keeps this in place and thus holds the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool under tension and in shape.
- the fuse (16) melts, after which the combination of, for example, stone wool (11) and fire retardant foam tape (13) expands and performs the intended role.
- FIG 6 another alternative is shown.
- the fuse is installed in the form of an air- permeable spacer (18) that is perforated or allows air to flow through in another way (as a result of the design used, perhaps containing air vents), which melts first during a fire, after which the combination of the compressed or vacuumed mineral wool and fire retardant foam tape expands and performs its intended role.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Fuses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA3176500A CA3176500A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2021-04-22 | Melting-fuse description |
EP21729048.5A EP4139533A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2021-04-22 | Melting-fuse description |
US17/920,418 US20230142841A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2021-04-22 | Meltable Fuse |
AU2021259053A AU2021259053A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2021-04-22 | Melting-fuse description |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1043636 | 2020-04-23 | ||
NL1043636A NL1043636B1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Melting fuse |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2021215924A1 true WO2021215924A1 (en) | 2021-10-28 |
Family
ID=76197529
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NL2021/050265 WO2021215924A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2021-04-22 | Melting-fuse description |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230142841A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4139533A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2021259053A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3176500A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL1043636B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021215924A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2573884A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2019-11-20 | Tenmat Ltd | Improvements in and relating to ventilated fire barriers |
WO2020065243A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | Tremco Illbruck Limited | Fire-stopping product |
-
2020
- 2020-04-23 NL NL1043636A patent/NL1043636B1/en active
-
2021
- 2021-04-22 AU AU2021259053A patent/AU2021259053A1/en active Pending
- 2021-04-22 EP EP21729048.5A patent/EP4139533A1/en active Pending
- 2021-04-22 CA CA3176500A patent/CA3176500A1/en active Pending
- 2021-04-22 WO PCT/NL2021/050265 patent/WO2021215924A1/en unknown
- 2021-04-22 US US17/920,418 patent/US20230142841A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2573884A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2019-11-20 | Tenmat Ltd | Improvements in and relating to ventilated fire barriers |
WO2020065243A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-02 | Tremco Illbruck Limited | Fire-stopping product |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3176500A1 (en) | 2021-10-28 |
EP4139533A1 (en) | 2023-03-01 |
NL1043636B1 (en) | 2021-11-01 |
AU2021259053A1 (en) | 2022-11-17 |
US20230142841A1 (en) | 2023-05-11 |
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