WO2021207928A1 - Magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method - Google Patents

Magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021207928A1
WO2021207928A1 PCT/CN2020/084688 CN2020084688W WO2021207928A1 WO 2021207928 A1 WO2021207928 A1 WO 2021207928A1 CN 2020084688 W CN2020084688 W CN 2020084688W WO 2021207928 A1 WO2021207928 A1 WO 2021207928A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
receiving end
transmitting end
transmitting
wireless charging
output power
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PCT/CN2020/084688
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李云辉
祝可嘉
江俊
卢杰
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上海卡珀林智能科技有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/084688 priority Critical patent/WO2021207928A1/en
Publication of WO2021207928A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021207928A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of wireless power transmission, and particularly refers to a magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method.
  • the eigenmodes of the system are split into two modes with opposite phases due to the near-field action.
  • the modes with the same phase are called symmetric modes (the phase difference between the resonant coils is 0°), and the phases are opposite.
  • the mode is called the anti-symmetric mode (the phase difference between the resonant coils is 180°).
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method, and solve the frequency splitting caused by mode coupling in the existing resonance wireless power transmission scheme, the transmission efficiency is reduced, and the system for tracking the frequency scheme Problems such as poor stability and the need for strict symmetrical systems.
  • the present invention provides a magnetic resonance wireless charging method for wireless charging a load, wherein the end connected to the load is used as the receiving end, and the end connected to the power supply is used as the transmitting end.
  • the wireless charging method includes the following steps:
  • Both the transmitting end and the receiving end are provided with resonant coils, and the intrinsic frequencies of the resonant coils are the same;
  • the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted so that the ratio of the output power to the input power falls into the setting Set the range, and keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
  • the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention tracks the range of the orthogonal mode during the wireless power transmission process, greatly increases the range of high-efficiency transmission, and has the characteristics of single frequency and high efficiency, that is, the input frequency at the transmitting end during the wireless power transmission process It is a single frequency, so that the charging method of the present invention avoids the design of the frequency tracking circuit and avoids the problem of poor system stability. At the same time, the charging method of the present invention also has strong safety and can effectively solve the resonant wireless power transmission scheme. The problems of frequency splitting and reduced transmission efficiency due to mode coupling, poor system stability of the frequency tracking scheme and the need for a strictly symmetrical system.
  • a further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention is that when the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted, the method further includes:
  • the further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention lies in that it also includes:
  • a transmission impedance adjustment module is connected to the resonant coil of the transmitting end; and/or a receiving impedance adjustment module is connected to the resonant coil of the receiving end;
  • the energy gain rate of the transmitting end is adjusted by adjusting the impedance of the transmitting impedance adjusting module, and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end is adjusted by adjusting the impedance of the receiving impedance adjusting module.
  • the further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention lies in that it also includes:
  • the further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention lies in that it also includes:
  • the input frequency at the resonance coil of the transmitting end is set to a frequency value within a set frequency range, and the set frequency range is ⁇ 0 -1% ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 0 +1% ⁇ 0 , where ⁇ 0 Is the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil of the transmitting end.
  • the present invention also provides a magnetic resonance wireless charging system for wireless charging a load, wherein the end connected to the load is used as the receiving end, and the end connected to the power supply is used as the transmitting end, and the wireless charging system includes:
  • a resonance coil provided at the transmitting end
  • a resonant coil provided at the receiving end, the resonant coil of the receiving end is coupled to the resonant coil of the transmitting end to realize wireless power transmission, and the intrinsic frequencies of the resonant coils of the transmitting end and the receiving end are the same;
  • the input power monitoring module connected to the transmitting terminal is used to monitor the input power of the transmitting terminal
  • a processing module connected in control with both the transmitting end and the receiving end, the processing module is also connected to the input power monitoring module and the output power monitoring module, and is configured to receive the input power and the output power , And dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end according to the ratio of the output power to the input power so that the ratio of the output power to the input power falls Enter the set range, and keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
  • a further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is that when the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted, the processing module dynamically adjusts the receiving end after the wireless power transmission starts.
  • the energy loss rate of the wireless power transmission terminal is in the range of the orthogonal mode; and then the energy gain rate of the transmitting terminal and the energy loss rate of the receiving terminal are dynamically adjusted to keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
  • a further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is that it further includes a transmitting impedance adjustment module at the resonance coil connected to the transmitting end and/or a receiving impedance adjusting module at the resonance coil connected to the receiving end;
  • the processing module is connected to the transmission impedance adjustment module and/or the reception impedance adjustment module, and adjusts the energy gain rate of the transmitting end by adjusting the impedance of the transmission impedance adjustment module, and/or by adjusting the
  • the impedance of the receiving impedance adjusting module is used to adjust the energy loss rate of the receiving end.
  • a further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is that a low limit is set in the processing module;
  • the processing module compares and judges whether the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the lower limit, and when the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the lower limit, When the limit is set, the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted until the ratio of the output power to the input power falls within the set range.
  • a further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is that it also includes a high-frequency inverter module arranged at the transmitting end and connected to the resonant coil of the transmitting end, for inputting high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the resonant coil of the transmitting end,
  • the frequency range of the input high-frequency electromagnetic wave is between ⁇ 0 -1% ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 0 +1% ⁇ 0 , where ⁇ 0 is the intrinsic frequency of the resonance coil at the transmitting end.
  • Fig. 1 is a system diagram of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a physical model diagram of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a model diagram of the first embodiment of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a model diagram of the second embodiment of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a model diagram of the third embodiment of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a model diagram of the fourth embodiment of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the variation of the working frequency of the resonant coil of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system according to the near-field coupling strength of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the phase difference of the resonance coil of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention changing with the near-field coupling strength.
  • Fig. 9 is a pattern change diagram of a resonant wireless charging system.
  • Fig. 10 is a graph showing the change of the energy loss rate of the receiving end in the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a graph showing the change of the energy gain rate of the transmitting end in the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph showing changes in energy transmission efficiency and phase difference of resonance coils of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention under different coupling intensities.
  • the present invention provides a magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method for wireless charging of a load, which is used to solve the problem of frequency splitting caused by mode near-field coupling in the existing resonance wireless power transmission scheme and low transmission efficiency. Problem; It is also used to solve the problem of poor system stability in the tracking frequency scheme.
  • the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is based on the orthogonal mode, which maximizes the energy transmission efficiency of the system by controlling the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end, and has the characteristics of single frequency and high efficiency, and realizes the orthogonal mode Tracking and locking can greatly increase the range of high-efficiency transmission.
  • the magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG. 1 a system diagram of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is shown. The following describes the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the magnetic resonance wireless charging system provided by the present invention is used to wirelessly charge a load.
  • the end connected to the load is used as the receiving end, and the end connected to the power supply is used as the transmitting end.
  • the magnetic resonance wireless charging system includes a transmitting end.
  • the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end is arranged at the receiving end and is coupled to the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end to realize wireless power transmission, and the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end and the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end are the same.
  • the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end receives the high-frequency electromagnetic waves emitted by the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end, and then converts the high-frequency electromagnetic waves into direct current at the receiving end for use by the load.
  • the input power monitoring module 24 is connected to the transmitting terminal to monitor the input power of the transmitting terminal; the output power monitoring module 25 is connected to the receiving terminal to monitor the output power of the receiving terminal; the processing module 23 is connected to the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal in a control manner.
  • the processing module 23 is connected to the circuit control of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the parameters at the transmitting end and the receiving end are adjusted by controlling the circuits of the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the processing module 23 is also connected to the input power monitoring module 24 and the output power monitoring module 25.
  • the processing module 23 is used to receive input power and output power, and calculate the ratio of output power to input power, and based on the ratio of output power to input power ,
  • the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted so that the ratio of output power to input power falls within the set range, and the wireless power transmission is kept within the orthogonal mode range.
  • the processing module 23 has three adjustment modes. The first is to dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end to make the ratio of the output power to the input power fall within the set range, that is, to adjust the transmitting end separately. The second is to dynamically adjust the energy loss rate of the receiving end to make the ratio of output power to input power fall within the set range, that is, to adjust the receiving end separately. The third is to dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the capacity loss rate of the receiving end, that is, double-ended adjustment.
  • the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end and the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end is determined by the material and structure of the coil itself, and has nothing to do with the space position and coupling state of the coil, and is also called the natural frequency of the coil.
  • the orthogonal mode referred to in the present invention is a lossless mode with one and only one operating frequency at the intrinsic frequency in the weakly coupled region of the double resonance system. As shown in Figure 9, the curve F1 represents the orthogonal mode In the orthogonal mode, if the input frequency of the transmitting end is the intrinsic frequency ⁇ 0 , the power transmission efficiency of the wireless charging system is at the maximum value, that is, the power transmission efficiency is the highest.
  • P in Figure 9 represents the frequency of the system, and X represents the transmission coefficient, which is specifically calculated by the root of the wireless power transmission efficiency.
  • the voltage or current of the resonant coils at the transmitting end and the receiving end are in orthogonal phase, that is, the phase difference is 90°.
  • the orthogonal mode range in the present invention means that the phase difference of the voltage or current of the resonant coil at the transmitting end and the receiving end is between 85° and 95°, that is, within a range close to the orthogonal mode.
  • the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention realizes the effects of locking frequency, locking efficiency and locking power based on the orthogonal mode and/or orthogonal mode range.
  • the locking frequency refers to the realization of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system in the orthogonal mode.
  • Three-frequency integration that is, the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil at the transmitter and receiver, the system mode frequency (the system mode frequency is closely related to the coupling state of the two coils), and the input frequency of the transmitter end of the system are the same, so that the wireless charging During the process, the transmitter is always input to the resonance coil of the transmitter at a fixed input frequency.
  • ⁇ ⁇ is the system mode frequency
  • ⁇ 0 is the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil
  • i is the symbol of the imaginary part
  • k is the near-field coupling strength between the resonant coils
  • g is the energy gain rate of the resonant coil at the transmitting end
  • ⁇ is the receiving The energy loss rate of the resonance coil at the end.
  • the magnetic resonance wireless charging system uses a pair of resonance coils with the same intrinsic frequency as the energy transmission carrier.
  • the system formed by the near-field coupling of the coils will have eigenmodes, the real part of which represents the mode
  • the eigen frequency of is also called the system mode frequency ⁇ ⁇
  • the imaginary part represents the loss of the mode.
  • the eigenmodes of the system split, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.
  • the near-field coupling strength of the system is high, the system mode splits into a symmetric mode ⁇ + and an anti-symmetric mode ⁇ - .
  • the coupling strength of the resonant coils at both ends will change sharply, and the working mode of the system will also change.
  • the system is in an over-coupling state.
  • the card mode will split from ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 0 ⁇ k (symmetrical mode and antisymmetrical mode, respectively). );
  • the intrinsic mode loss at ⁇ 0 will increase, and the over-coupling state and the under-coupling state will both cause the energy transmission efficiency to decrease.
  • the orthogonal mode of the present invention is different from the above-mentioned symmetric mode ⁇ + and anti-symmetric mode ⁇ - .
  • the symmetric mode ⁇ + and anti-symmetric mode ⁇ - finally When ⁇ 0 merges into an orthogonal mode, the phase difference between the two resonant coils is almost 90°. At this time, the system enters the weak coupling region.
  • the transmission distance changes, by dynamically adjusting the energy gain rate and/or energy loss rate of the resonant coil, the system is always in the orthogonal mode and/or within the range of the orthogonal mode, which realizes the orthogonal mode and the orthogonal mode.
  • the energy gain rate of the transmitting end of the present invention refers to the rate at which the energy amplitude increases due to channel coupling.
  • the channel coupling here refers to the coupling relationship between the circuit and/or coil at the transmitting end and the resonance coil of the transmitting end, which is used for The resonant coil inputs energy.
  • the energy loss rate at the receiving end of the present invention refers to the rate at which the channel coupling causes the energy amplitude to decrease.
  • the channel coupling here refers to the coupling relationship between the circuit and/or coil at the receiving end and the resonant coil at the receiving end, which is used to resonate from the receiving end. Energy is received at the coil.
  • the system operation start-up voltage output is generally 40V start.
  • the processing module slowly increases the energy gain rate of the transmitting end , Until the ratio of output power to input power falls within the set range, that is, the system enters the quadrature mode range. Then in the process of wireless power transmission, the processing module 23 monitors the change in the ratio of output power to input power in real time, and performs dynamic tracking. When it changes, it can control the ratio of output power to input power within the set range. That is to maintain the system stable in the orthogonal mode.
  • the processing module can adjust the gain rate of the transmitting end by adjusting the impedance in the transmitting end circuit.
  • the processing module when the energy loss rate of the receiving end is adjusted separately, the system is running, and the loss rate of the receiving end is set to infinity at the beginning.
  • the processing module slowly reduces the energy of the receiving end The loss rate is adjusted until the ratio of output power to input power falls within the set range, that is, the system enters the quadrature mode range.
  • the processing module 23 monitors the change in the ratio of output power to input power in real time, and performs dynamic tracking. When it changes, it can control the ratio of output power to input power within the set range. That is to maintain the system in a stable resonance mode.
  • the processing module can adjust the gain rate of the receiving end by adjusting the impedance of the receiving end. By adjusting the impedance in the receiving end circuit, the energy loss rate of the receiving end can be adjusted correspondingly.
  • the processing module 23 dynamically adjusts the energy loss rate of the receiving end so that the wireless power transmission is within the range of the orthogonal mode; and then dynamically adjusts the transmission.
  • the energy gain rate at the end and the energy loss rate at the receiving end to keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
  • the processing module 23 of the present invention first adjusts the energy loss rate ⁇ of the receiving end, which can make the system quickly in the orthogonal mode and improve the efficiency of the orthogonal mode locking of the system. However, due to the low energy gain efficiency of the transmitting end, the output power of the system is also low. After being in the quadrature mode, the processing module 23 slowly increases the energy gain efficiency g of the transmitting end and reduces the energy loss rate ⁇ of the transmitting end. The system maintains the conditions within the quadrature mode, and the system output power will rise and maintain a higher efficiency during adjustment until the system is fully loaded. This approach realizes the improvement of the energy transmission power of the system while keeping the orthogonal mode or the range of the orthogonal mode of the system unchanged.
  • the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention further includes a transmission impedance adjustment module 26 connected to the resonance coil 21 at the transmitting end and/or a resonance coil connected to the receiving end.
  • the processing module 23 is connected to the transmitting impedance adjusting module 26 and/or the receiving impedance adjusting module 27, and adjusting the impedance of the transmitting impedance adjusting module 26 to adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end, and/or adjusting
  • the impedance of the receiving impedance adjusting module 27 is used to adjust the energy loss rate of the receiving end.
  • R1 represents the impedance of the transmitting impedance adjustment module 26, g is a function of R1, that is, the energy gain efficiency of the transmitting end of the system that adjusts the impedance R1 will also change, s represents the distance between the resonant coils, and k is s. Function, that is, as the distance s changes, the incoming coupling strength of the system will also change.
  • R2 represents the impedance of the receiving impedance adjustment module 27, and ⁇ is a function of R2, that is, the energy loss efficiency of the receiving end of the system that adjusts the impedance R2 is also Will change.
  • the transmitting impedance adjusting module 26 when separately adjusting the energy gain rate of the transmitting end, the transmitting impedance adjusting module 26 is connected to the transmitting end.
  • the receiving impedance adjustment module 27 is connected to the receiving end.
  • the transmitting impedance adjusting module 26 and the receiving impedance adjusting module 27 are respectively connected to the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the transmitting impedance adjusting module 26 and the receiving impedance adjusting module 27 of the present invention can be composed of a pure circuit, or a pure coil, or a circuit and a coil.
  • the pure circuit can be a buck topology type circuit, a boost topology type circuit or other circuit topologies that use field effect transistors (MOSFET) to achieve output control.
  • MOSFET field effect transistors
  • Figure 3 it shows a schematic diagram of the pure circuit composition.
  • the processing module adjusts the energy gain rate and energy loss rate accordingly by adjusting the impedance. Connect -R1 to the resonance coil 21 at the transmitting end, and connect +R2 to the resonance coil 21 at the receiving end.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the pure coil composition.
  • the resonant coil 21 at the transmitter is coupled with a transmitter non-resonant coil 31, and the resonant coil 22 at the receiver is coupled with a receiver non-resonant coil 32.
  • the processing module can adjust the transmitter
  • the number of turns of the non-resonant coil 31 and the non-resonant coil 32 at the receiving end are used to adjust the energy gain rate and the energy loss rate.
  • Figure 5 and Figure 6 the circuit and coil composition diagrams are shown.
  • a transmitting non-resonant coil 31 is coupled to the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end, and the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end is connected to a pure circuit.
  • a non-resonant coil 32 at the receiving end is coupled to the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end, and the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end is connected to a pure circuit. Designing a non-resonant coil at the transmitting end makes the system in an open circuit state during the no-load phase, which can well avoid the risk of burning the circuit due to excessive no-load power of the normal magnetic resonance system, and further increase the stability of the system.
  • the processing module 23 has a low limit; the processing module compares and judges whether the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the low limit during the wireless power transmission process. When the ratio of the input power is lower than the low limit, the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted until the ratio of the output power to the input power falls within the set range.
  • the processing module 23 does not dynamically adjust the voltage of the transmitting terminal when the ratio of output power to input power exceeds the set range, but sets a lower low limit, and when the ratio is lower than the low limit, it performs dynamic adjustment in time .
  • the above-mentioned setting range is designed according to the coupling strength between coils corresponding to the energy transmission efficiency corresponding to the frequency ⁇ 0 in FIG. 9, and the setting range is preferably 0.85 to 1.
  • the lower limit is preferably 0.8.
  • the ratio of the output power to the input power is the energy transmission efficiency.
  • the wireless energy transmission efficiency will have an impact.
  • the ratio of output power to input power can be monitored in real time. The change of wireless energy transmission efficiency can be monitored.
  • the input power monitoring module 24 of the present invention is connected to the transmitting end of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention, and is used to monitor the current and voltage of the resonance coil 21 input to the transmitting end, and it is calculated by using the monitored current and voltage input power.
  • the current in the Hall element detection circuit can be connected to the circuit, and the voltage in the circuit can be detected by a voltage divider resistor.
  • the output power monitoring module 25 is connected to the receiving end of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention, and is used to monitor the current and voltage input to the load, and calculate the output power by using the monitored current and voltage.
  • the current in the Hall element detection circuit can be connected to the circuit, and the voltage in the circuit can be detected by a voltage divider resistor.
  • a protection circuit module is connected to both the transmitting end and the receiving end, which is used to cut off the circuits of the transmitting end and the receiving end when the current and voltage in the circuits of the transmitting end and the receiving end exceed the protection range. Realize the overvoltage and undervoltage and overcurrent and undercurrent protection of the transmitter and receiver.
  • the protection circuit module includes a Vin monitoring submodule, an Iin monitoring submodule, and an input impedance control submodule.
  • the Vin monitoring submodule and Iin monitoring submodule are used to monitor the current and voltage in the circuit, and the current and voltage can be input to the processor.
  • the processing module 23 determines whether the current and voltage are within the protection range, and if not, the circuit is disconnected by adjusting the input impedance adjusting sub-module 253.
  • the present invention further includes a high-frequency inverter module arranged at the transmitting end and connected to the resonant coil of the transmitting end for inputting high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the resonant coil of the transmitting end.
  • the frequency range is between ⁇ 0 -1% ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 0 +1% ⁇ 0 , where ⁇ 0 is the intrinsic frequency of the resonance coil at the transmitting end.
  • the frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave input to the resonance coil of the transmitting end is the input frequency ⁇ working of the transmitting end.
  • the high-frequency inverter module is preferably a DC-AC high-frequency inverter module, and the DC-AC high-frequency inverter module It is connected to the power supply and is also connected to the resonance coil 21 at the transmitting end.
  • the DC-AC high-frequency inverter module is used to convert direct current into high-frequency electromagnetic waves and send them to the resonance coil 21 at the transmitting end.
  • the frequency range of the high-frequency electromagnetic waves is 1kHz ⁇ 20MHz, and the present invention sets the frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave output by the DC-AC high-frequency inverter module within a range, which is between ⁇ 0 -1% ⁇ 0 and ⁇ 0 +1% ⁇ 0 .
  • the module locks the system in the range of the orthogonal mode, which makes the energy transmission efficiency of the system reach a greater.
  • the frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave is the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil at the transmitting end, and the energy transmission efficiency of the system is maximized at this time.
  • the power supply provides 220V, 50Hz access to mains power for the system
  • an AC-DC rectification and voltage reduction module is connected between the power supply and the DC-AC high-frequency inverter module for rectification and voltage reduction of the mains , Make it into 5V ⁇ 310V DC voltage, and send it to the DC-AC high frequency inverter module.
  • An AC-DC high-frequency rectifier module is connected to the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end to convert the high-frequency electromagnetic wave into direct current and then supply the load.
  • Figure 10 shows the relationship between the input voltage of the receiving end and the loss rate in the quadrature mode. The increase in loss rate gradually decreases.
  • Figure 11 shows the relationship between the output voltage of the transmitter and the gain rate in the quadrature mode, as the output voltage increases. The large gain rate gradually becomes larger.
  • the orthogonal mode system achieves efficient transmission in a large span of coupling strength.
  • the system coupling strength is lower than 2kHz, the overall energy transmission efficiency ⁇ of the system decreases slowly, as shown in Figure 12. Line part.
  • the high-efficiency transmission of wireless charging energy based on the physical principle of the orthogonal mode has the characteristics of single frequency and high efficiency; the use of the transmitter gain adjustment and/or the receiver loss adjustment to achieve orthogonal mode tracking can greatly increase the range of high-efficiency transmission;
  • the system exhibits open circuit characteristics at no load, with strong stability and safety; it can realize the regulation of system power output.
  • the present invention also provides a magnetic resonance wireless charging method.
  • the magnetic resonance wireless charging method will be described below.
  • a magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention is used to wirelessly charge a load, wherein the end connected to the load is used as the receiving end, and the end connected to the power supply is used as the transmitting end.
  • the wireless charging method includes the following steps:
  • Both the transmitting end and the receiving end are equipped with resonant coils, and the intrinsic frequencies of the resonant coils are the same;
  • the ratio of output power to input power dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end to make the ratio of output power to input power fall within the set range, and keep the wireless power transmission in quadrature mode Within range.
  • the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention can realize high-efficiency wireless charging of the load through the processing module in the above-mentioned magnetic resonance wireless charging system.
  • the principle of high-efficiency transmission of electric energy is the same as that of the above-mentioned processing module. For the same, please refer to the above specific description, which will not be repeated here.
  • the method when dynamically adjusting the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end, the method further includes:
  • a transmission impedance adjustment module is connected to the resonance coil of the transmitting end, and/or a receiving impedance adjustment module is connected to the resonance coil of the receiving end;
  • the energy gain rate of the transmitting end is adjusted by adjusting the impedance of the transmitting impedance adjusting module, and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end is adjusted by adjusting the impedance of the receiving impedance adjusting module.
  • the further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention lies in that it also includes:
  • the input frequency at the resonance coil of the transmitting end is set to a frequency value within a set frequency range, the set frequency range is from ⁇ 0 -1% ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 0 +1% ⁇ 0 , where ⁇ 0 is all
  • the eigenfrequency of the resonant coil at the transmitting end In this frequency range, the power transmission can be in the quadrature mode range.
  • the input frequency of the resonance coil at the transmitting end is set to the eigenfrequency of the resonance coil at the transmitting end, and the energy transmission efficiency at this time is maximized.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method, which are used for wirelessly charging a load. The end connected to the load serves as a receiving end, and the end connected to a power supply source serves as a transmitting end. The method comprises the following steps: respectively providing a resonance coil at a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the resonance coils have the same eigenfrequency; coupling and connecting the resonance coils of the transmitting end and the receiving end so as to realize wireless electric energy transmission; after wireless electric energy transmission is started, monitoring the input power of the transmitting end and the output power of the receiving end; and according to the ratio of the output power to the input power, dynamically adjusting the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end, such that the ratio of the output power to the input power falls within a set range, and wireless electric energy transmission is kept within an orthogonal mode range. By means of tracking an orthogonal mode during a wireless electric energy transmission process, the range of high-efficiency transmission is enlarged. The present invention has the characteristics of a single frequency and a high efficiency, and also has a relatively strong stability and safety.

Description

磁共振无线充电系统及方法Magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及无线电能传输领域，特指一种磁共振无线充电系统及方法。The invention relates to the field of wireless power transmission, and particularly refers to a magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，随着科学技术发展，无线电能传输技术在学术和工程领域都获得了极大的关注。由于其便利性，110kHz至210kHz的感应式无线电能传输方案在手机和耳机等消费电子类产品中获得了广泛的应用。但感应式无线电能传输技术的缺陷在于无法提供充电距离，其传输距离通常低于10mm。2007年美国麻省理工学院的Marin教授首次提出了共振式无线电能传输技术(Science 317,83-86 2007)，即在系统发射端和接收端使用两个频率相同的线圈进行磁场耦合，该技术可以大大提高无线电能传输的传输距离。但是当系统位于强耦合区域时，由于近场作用系统的本征模式劈裂为两个相位相反的模式，其中相位相同的模式称为对称模式(共振线圈间相位差为0°)，相位相反的模式称为反对称模式(共振线圈间相位差为180°)。虽然上述两个模式均能提供最佳传输效率，但是两者的本征频率却会随着耦合强度变化而不断变化，使得传输效率降低。In recent years, with the development of science and technology, wireless power transmission technology has gained great attention in both academic and engineering fields. Due to its convenience, the 110kHz to 210kHz inductive wireless power transmission solution has been widely used in consumer electronic products such as mobile phones and earphones. However, the disadvantage of inductive wireless power transmission technology is that it cannot provide a charging distance, and its transmission distance is usually less than 10mm. In 2007, Professor Marin from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States first proposed the resonance wireless power transmission technology (Science 317, 83-86 2007), which uses two coils of the same frequency for magnetic field coupling at the transmitter and receiver of the system. This technology Can greatly increase the transmission distance of wireless power transmission. However, when the system is located in a strong coupling region, the eigenmodes of the system are split into two modes with opposite phases due to the near-field action. The modes with the same phase are called symmetric modes (the phase difference between the resonant coils is 0°), and the phases are opposite. The mode is called the anti-symmetric mode (the phase difference between the resonant coils is 180°). Although the above two modes can provide the best transmission efficiency, the eigenfrequency of the two will constantly change with the change of the coupling strength, which reduces the transmission efficiency.
针对该物理现象工程邻域直观的提出了频率追踪电路实现对最佳传输效率点的锁定，2017年美国斯坦福大学的Fan Shanhui教授提出的利用非线性电路自动追踪劈裂模式(Nature 546,387-390 2017)的研究更是受到了广泛的关注。利用对称模式或反对称模式实现无线充电系统存在一些原理上的缺陷，首先系统构建必须满足发射端和接收端的能量耦合速率完全相同，即系统参数必须完全对称；其次，所用模式处于强耦合区域，当系统传输距离较远时系统效率下降明显；并且，由于电路部分需引入频率追踪，电路稳定性较低，空载压力大。Aiming at this physical phenomenon, the engineering neighborhood intuitively proposed a frequency tracking circuit to achieve the lock on the best transmission efficiency point. In 2017, Professor Fan Shanhui of Stanford University in the United States proposed to use a nonlinear circuit to automatically track the split mode (Nature 546,387-390 2017) The research of) has received extensive attention. There are some theoretical shortcomings in the realization of wireless charging system using symmetrical mode or antisymmetrical mode. First, the system construction must satisfy that the energy coupling rate of the transmitting end and the receiving end are exactly the same, that is, the system parameters must be completely symmetrical; secondly, the mode used is in the strong coupling region. When the transmission distance of the system is long, the efficiency of the system drops significantly; and, because the circuit part needs to introduce frequency tracking, the stability of the circuit is low, and the no-load pressure is high.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种磁共振无线充电系 统及方法，解决现有的共振式无线电能传输方案因模式耦合导致频率劈裂，传输效率降低以及追踪频率方案的系统稳定性差和需要严格的对称系统等的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method, and solve the frequency splitting caused by mode coupling in the existing resonance wireless power transmission scheme, the transmission efficiency is reduced, and the system for tracking the frequency scheme Problems such as poor stability and the need for strict symmetrical systems.
实现上述目的的技术方案是：The technical solutions to achieve the above objectives are:
本发明提供了一种磁共振无线充电方法，用于对负载进行无线充电，其中与负载连接的一端作为接收端，与供电源连接的一端作为发射端，所述无线充电方法包括如下步骤：The present invention provides a magnetic resonance wireless charging method for wireless charging a load, wherein the end connected to the load is used as the receiving end, and the end connected to the power supply is used as the transmitting end. The wireless charging method includes the following steps:
于所述发射端和所述接收端均设置共振线圈，且所述共振线圈的本征频率相同；Both the transmitting end and the receiving end are provided with resonant coils, and the intrinsic frequencies of the resonant coils are the same;
将所述发射端和所述接收端的共振线圈耦合连接以实现无线电能传输；Coupling the resonant coils of the transmitting end and the receiving end to realize wireless power transmission;
在无线电能传输开始后，监测所述发射端的输入功率及所述接收端的输出功率；以及After the wireless power transmission starts, monitor the input power of the transmitting end and the output power of the receiving end; and
依据所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值，对所述发射端的能量增益速率和/或所述接收端的能量损耗速率进行动态调节以使得所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值落入设定范围，并保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。According to the ratio of the output power to the input power, the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted so that the ratio of the output power to the input power falls into the setting Set the range, and keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
本发明的磁共振无线充电方法，在无线电能传输过程中追踪正交模式范围，大大增加高效率传输的范围，具有单频和高效的特点，也即无线电能传输过程中发射端处的输入频率为单一频率，从而使得本发明的充电方法避免了频率追踪电路的设计，避免了系统稳定性差的问题，同时本发明的充电方法还具有较强安全性，能够有效的解决共振式无线电能传输方案因模式耦合导致频率劈裂和传输效率降低的问题和追踪频率方案的系统稳定性差及需要严格的对称系统的问题。The magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention tracks the range of the orthogonal mode during the wireless power transmission process, greatly increases the range of high-efficiency transmission, and has the characteristics of single frequency and high efficiency, that is, the input frequency at the transmitting end during the wireless power transmission process It is a single frequency, so that the charging method of the present invention avoids the design of the frequency tracking circuit and avoids the problem of poor system stability. At the same time, the charging method of the present invention also has strong safety and can effectively solve the resonant wireless power transmission scheme. The problems of frequency splitting and reduced transmission efficiency due to mode coupling, poor system stability of the frequency tracking scheme and the need for a strictly symmetrical system.
本发明磁共振无线充电方法的进一步改进在于，对所述发射端的能量增益速率和所述接收端的能量损耗速率进行动态调节时，还包括：A further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention is that when the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted, the method further includes:
在无线电能传输开始后，先动态调节所述接收端的能量损耗速率以使得无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内；After the wireless power transmission starts, first dynamically adjust the energy loss rate of the receiving end to make the wireless power transmission within the orthogonal mode range;
再动态调节所述发射端的能量增益速率与所述接收端的能量损耗速率以保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。Then dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end to keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
本发明磁共振无线充电方法的进一步改进在于，还包括：The further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention lies in that it also includes:
于所述发射端的共振线圈处接入一发射阻抗调节模块；和/或于所述接收 端的共振线圈处接入一接收阻抗调节模块；A transmission impedance adjustment module is connected to the resonant coil of the transmitting end; and/or a receiving impedance adjustment module is connected to the resonant coil of the receiving end;
通过调节所述发射阻抗调节模块的阻抗以实现调节所述发射端的能量增益速率，和/或通过调节所述接收阻抗调节模块的阻抗以实现调节所述接收端的能量损耗速率。The energy gain rate of the transmitting end is adjusted by adjusting the impedance of the transmitting impedance adjusting module, and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end is adjusted by adjusting the impedance of the receiving impedance adjusting module.
本发明磁共振无线充电方法的进一步改进在于，还包括：The further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention lies in that it also includes:
设定一低限值；Set a low limit;
在无线电能传输过程中，比较判断所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值是否低于所述低限值；During the wireless power transmission process, comparing and determining whether the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the lower limit;
在所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值低于所述低限值时，动态调节所述发射端的能量增益速率和/或所述接收端的能量损耗速率，直至所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值落入所述设定范围。When the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the low limit, dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end until the output power and the input power The power ratio falls within the setting range.
本发明磁共振无线充电方法的进一步改进在于，还包括：The further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention lies in that it also includes:
将所述发射端的共振线圈处的输入频率设置为一设定频率范围内的一频率值，所述设置频率范围为ω 0-1％ω 0至ω 0+1％ω 0，其中的ω 0为所述发射端的共振线圈的本征频率。 The input frequency at the resonance coil of the transmitting end is set to a frequency value within a set frequency range, and the set frequency range is ω 0 -1% ω 0 to ω 0 +1% ω 0 , where ω 0 Is the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil of the transmitting end.
本发明还提供了一种磁共振无线充电系统，用于对负载进行无线充电，其中与所述负载连接的一端作为接收端，与供电源连接的一端作为发射端，所述无线充电系统包括：The present invention also provides a magnetic resonance wireless charging system for wireless charging a load, wherein the end connected to the load is used as the receiving end, and the end connected to the power supply is used as the transmitting end, and the wireless charging system includes:
设于所述发射端的共振线圈；A resonance coil provided at the transmitting end;
设于所述接收端的共振线圈，所述接收端的共振线圈与所述发射端的共振线圈耦合连接以实现无线电能传输，且所述发射端和所述接收端的共振线圈的本征频率相同；A resonant coil provided at the receiving end, the resonant coil of the receiving end is coupled to the resonant coil of the transmitting end to realize wireless power transmission, and the intrinsic frequencies of the resonant coils of the transmitting end and the receiving end are the same;
接入所述发射端的输入功率监测模块，用于监测所述发射端的输入功率；The input power monitoring module connected to the transmitting terminal is used to monitor the input power of the transmitting terminal;
接入所述接收端的输出功率监测模块，用于监测所述接收端的输出功率；Access to the output power monitoring module of the receiving end for monitoring the output power of the receiving end;
与所述发射端和所述接收端均控制连接的处理模块，所述处理模块还与所述输入功率监测模块和所述输出功率监测模块连接，用于接收所述输入功率和所述输出功率，并依据所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值，对所述发射端的能量增益速率和/或所述接收端的能量损耗速率进行动态调节以使得所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值落入设定范围，且保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。A processing module connected in control with both the transmitting end and the receiving end, the processing module is also connected to the input power monitoring module and the output power monitoring module, and is configured to receive the input power and the output power , And dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end according to the ratio of the output power to the input power so that the ratio of the output power to the input power falls Enter the set range, and keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
本发明磁共振无线充电系统的进一步改进在于，对所述发射端的能量增益速率和所述接收端的能量损耗速率进行动态调节时，所述处理模块在无线电能传输开始后，先动态调节所述接收端的能量损耗速率以使得无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内；再动态调节所述发射端的能量增益速率与所述接收端的能量损耗速率以保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。A further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is that when the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted, the processing module dynamically adjusts the receiving end after the wireless power transmission starts. The energy loss rate of the wireless power transmission terminal is in the range of the orthogonal mode; and then the energy gain rate of the transmitting terminal and the energy loss rate of the receiving terminal are dynamically adjusted to keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
本发明磁共振无线充电系统的进一步改进在于，还包括接入所述发射端的共振线圈处的发射阻抗调节模块和/或接入所述接收端的共振线圈处的接收阻抗调节模块；A further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is that it further includes a transmitting impedance adjustment module at the resonance coil connected to the transmitting end and/or a receiving impedance adjusting module at the resonance coil connected to the receiving end;
所述处理模块与所述发射阻抗调节模块和/或所述接收阻抗调节模块连接，通过调节所述发射阻抗调节模块的阻抗以实现调节所述发射端的能量增益速率，和/或通过调节所述接收阻抗调节模块的阻抗以实现调节所述接收端的能量损耗速率。The processing module is connected to the transmission impedance adjustment module and/or the reception impedance adjustment module, and adjusts the energy gain rate of the transmitting end by adjusting the impedance of the transmission impedance adjustment module, and/or by adjusting the The impedance of the receiving impedance adjusting module is used to adjust the energy loss rate of the receiving end.
本发明磁共振无线充电系统的进一步改进在于，所述处理模块内设有一低限值；A further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is that a low limit is set in the processing module;
所述处理模块在无线电能传输过程中，比较判断所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值是否低于所述低限值，在所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值低于所述低限值时，动态调节所述发射端的能量增益速率和/或所述接收端的能量损耗速率，直至所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值落入所述设定范围。In the wireless power transmission process, the processing module compares and judges whether the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the lower limit, and when the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the lower limit, When the limit is set, the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted until the ratio of the output power to the input power falls within the set range.
本发明磁共振无线充电系统的进一步改进在于，还包括设于所述发射端并与所述发射端的共振线圈连接的高频逆变模块，用于向所述发射端的共振线圈输入高频电磁波，所输入的高频电磁波的频率范围在ω 0-1％ω 0至ω 0+1％ω 0之间，其中的ω 0为所述发射端的共振线圈的本征频率。 A further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is that it also includes a high-frequency inverter module arranged at the transmitting end and connected to the resonant coil of the transmitting end, for inputting high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the resonant coil of the transmitting end, The frequency range of the input high-frequency electromagnetic wave is between ω 0 -1% ω 0 to ω 0 +1% ω 0 , where ω 0 is the intrinsic frequency of the resonance coil at the transmitting end.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明磁共振无线充电系统的系统图。Fig. 1 is a system diagram of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
图2为本发明磁共振无线充电系统的物理模型图。Figure 2 is a physical model diagram of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
图3为本发明磁共振无线充电系统的第一实施例的模型图。Fig. 3 is a model diagram of the first embodiment of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
图4为本发明磁共振无线充电系统的第二实施例的模型图。Fig. 4 is a model diagram of the second embodiment of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
图5为本发明磁共振无线充电系统的第三实施例的模型图。Fig. 5 is a model diagram of the third embodiment of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
图6为本发明磁共振无线充电系统的第四实施例的模型图。Fig. 6 is a model diagram of the fourth embodiment of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
图7为本发明磁共振无线充电系统的共振线圈工作频率随近场耦合 强度变化的示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the variation of the working frequency of the resonant coil of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system according to the near-field coupling strength of the present invention.
图8为本发明磁共振无线充电系统的共振线圈相位差随近场耦合强度变化的示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the phase difference of the resonance coil of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention changing with the near-field coupling strength.
图9为共振式无线充电系统的模式变化图。Fig. 9 is a pattern change diagram of a resonant wireless charging system.
图10为本发明磁共振无线充电系统中接收端能量损耗速率的变化图。Fig. 10 is a graph showing the change of the energy loss rate of the receiving end in the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
图11为本发明磁共振无线充电系统中发射端能量增益速率的变化图。Fig. 11 is a graph showing the change of the energy gain rate of the transmitting end in the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention.
图12为本发明磁共振无线充电系统在不同耦合强度下能量传输效率及共振线圈相位差的变化图。FIG. 12 is a graph showing changes in energy transmission efficiency and phase difference of resonance coils of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention under different coupling intensities.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
参阅图1，本发明提供了一种磁共振无线充电系统及方法，为负载进行无线充电，用于解决现有的共振式无线电能传输方案因模式近场耦合导致频率劈裂，传输效率低的问题；还用于解决追踪频率方案存在系统稳定性差的问题。本发明的磁共振无线充电系统基于正交模式，通过控制发射端的能量增益速率和/或接收端的能量损耗速率实现系统的能量传输效率的最大化，具有单频和高效的特点，实现正交模式追踪锁定可以大大增加高效率传输的范围。下面结合附图对本发明磁共振无线充电系统及方法进行说明。Referring to Figure 1, the present invention provides a magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method for wireless charging of a load, which is used to solve the problem of frequency splitting caused by mode near-field coupling in the existing resonance wireless power transmission scheme and low transmission efficiency. Problem; It is also used to solve the problem of poor system stability in the tracking frequency scheme. The magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is based on the orthogonal mode, which maximizes the energy transmission efficiency of the system by controlling the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end, and has the characteristics of single frequency and high efficiency, and realizes the orthogonal mode Tracking and locking can greatly increase the range of high-efficiency transmission. The magnetic resonance wireless charging system and method of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
参阅图1，显示了本发明磁共振无线充电系统的系统图。下面结合图1，对本发明磁共振无线充电系统进行说明。Referring to Fig. 1, a system diagram of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention is shown. The following describes the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention with reference to FIG. 1.
如图1所示，本发明提供的磁共振无线充电系统用于对负载进行无线充电，其中与负载连接的一端作为接收端，与供电源连接的一端作为发射端，磁共振无线充电系统包括发射端的共振线圈21、接收端的共振线圈22、处理模块23、输入功率监测模块24以及输出功率监测模块25，发射端的共振线圈21设于发射端，与供电源连接，用于将供电源的电流以高频电磁波的形式发送出去。接收端的共振线圈22设于接收端，并与发射端的共振线圈21耦合连接以实现无线电能传输，且该发射端的共振线圈21和接收端的共振线圈22的本征频率相同。接收端的共振线圈22接收发射端的共振线圈21发射的高频电磁波，而后在接收端将高频电磁波转 变为直流，供给负载使用。输入功率监测模块24接入发射端，用于监测发射端的输入功率；输出功率监测模块25接入接收端，用于监测接收端的输出功率；处理模块23与发射端和接收端均控制连接，较佳地，处理模块23与发射端和接收端的电路控制连接，通过控制发射端和接收端的电路来实现对发射端及接收端处的参数进行调控。处理模块23还与输入功率监测模块24和输出功率监测模块25连接，该处理模块23用于接收输入功率和输出功率，并计算输出功率与输入功率的比值，并依据输出功率与输入功率的比值，对发射端的能量增益速率和/或接收端的能量损耗速率进行动态调节以使得输出功率与输入功率的比值落入设定范围，且保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。As shown in Figure 1, the magnetic resonance wireless charging system provided by the present invention is used to wirelessly charge a load. The end connected to the load is used as the receiving end, and the end connected to the power supply is used as the transmitting end. The magnetic resonance wireless charging system includes a transmitting end. The resonant coil 21 at the receiving end, the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end, the processing module 23, the input power monitoring module 24, and the output power monitoring module 25. Send out in the form of high-frequency electromagnetic waves. The resonant coil 22 at the receiving end is arranged at the receiving end and is coupled to the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end to realize wireless power transmission, and the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end and the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end are the same. The resonant coil 22 at the receiving end receives the high-frequency electromagnetic waves emitted by the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end, and then converts the high-frequency electromagnetic waves into direct current at the receiving end for use by the load. The input power monitoring module 24 is connected to the transmitting terminal to monitor the input power of the transmitting terminal; the output power monitoring module 25 is connected to the receiving terminal to monitor the output power of the receiving terminal; the processing module 23 is connected to the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal in a control manner. Preferably, the processing module 23 is connected to the circuit control of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the parameters at the transmitting end and the receiving end are adjusted by controlling the circuits of the transmitting end and the receiving end. The processing module 23 is also connected to the input power monitoring module 24 and the output power monitoring module 25. The processing module 23 is used to receive input power and output power, and calculate the ratio of output power to input power, and based on the ratio of output power to input power , The energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted so that the ratio of output power to input power falls within the set range, and the wireless power transmission is kept within the orthogonal mode range.
处理模块23设有三种调节模式，第一种是通过动态调节发射端的能量增益速率来使得输出功率与输入功率的比值落入设定范围，也即单独调节发射端。第二种是通过动态调节接收端的能量损耗速率来使得输出功率与输入功率的比值落入设定范围，也即单独调节接收端。第三种是通过动态调节发射端的能量增益速率和接收端的能力损耗速率，也即双端调节。The processing module 23 has three adjustment modes. The first is to dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end to make the ratio of the output power to the input power fall within the set range, that is, to adjust the transmitting end separately. The second is to dynamically adjust the energy loss rate of the receiving end to make the ratio of output power to input power fall within the set range, that is, to adjust the receiving end separately. The third is to dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the capacity loss rate of the receiving end, that is, double-ended adjustment.
发射端的共振线圈21和接收端的共振线圈22的本征频率由线圈本身的材料和结构确定，与线圈空间位置及耦合状态无关，也称为线圈的固有频率。本发明所指的正交模式是在双共振系统中的弱耦合区域内，有且仅有一个工作频率位于本征频率处的无损耗模式，结合图9所示，曲线F1即表示正交模式下无线电能传输效率与频率的变化关系，在该正交模式下，发射端的输入频率若为本征频率ω 0，则无线充电系统的电能传输效率即处于最大值，即电能传输效率最高。图9中的P表示系统的频率，X表示透射系数，具体是由无线电能传输效率开根号求得。结合图7和图8所示，在正交模式下，发射端和接收端的共振线圈的电压或电流相位正交，即相位差为90°。本发明所述的正交模式范围是指发射端和接收端的共振线圈的电压或电流的相位差在85°至95°之间，也就是在靠近正交模式的一段范围内。 The intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end and the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end is determined by the material and structure of the coil itself, and has nothing to do with the space position and coupling state of the coil, and is also called the natural frequency of the coil. The orthogonal mode referred to in the present invention is a lossless mode with one and only one operating frequency at the intrinsic frequency in the weakly coupled region of the double resonance system. As shown in Figure 9, the curve F1 represents the orthogonal mode In the orthogonal mode, if the input frequency of the transmitting end is the intrinsic frequency ω 0 , the power transmission efficiency of the wireless charging system is at the maximum value, that is, the power transmission efficiency is the highest. P in Figure 9 represents the frequency of the system, and X represents the transmission coefficient, which is specifically calculated by the root of the wireless power transmission efficiency. As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, in the quadrature mode, the voltage or current of the resonant coils at the transmitting end and the receiving end are in orthogonal phase, that is, the phase difference is 90°. The orthogonal mode range in the present invention means that the phase difference of the voltage or current of the resonant coil at the transmitting end and the receiving end is between 85° and 95°, that is, within a range close to the orthogonal mode.
本发明的磁共振无线充电系统基于正交模式和/或正交模式范围，实现了锁定频率、锁定效率以及锁定功率的效果，其中锁定频率是指在正交模式下，磁共振无线充电系统实现三频合一，即发射端和接收端的共振线圈的本征频率、系统模式频率(该系统模式频率与两个线圈耦合状态密切相关)以及系统的发射端的输入频率三者相同，从而在无线充电过程中发 射端始终以一个固定的输入频率输入至发射端的共振线圈，即使在充电过程中发生传输距离的变化，也无需调整发射端的输入频率，只需要通过调节发射端的能量增益速率和/或接收端的能量损耗速率使得系统回到正交模式即可获取最佳的电能传输效率，这样也就实现了锁定效率及锁定功率，达到了电路稳定及高效的特点。The magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention realizes the effects of locking frequency, locking efficiency and locking power based on the orthogonal mode and/or orthogonal mode range. The locking frequency refers to the realization of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system in the orthogonal mode. Three-frequency integration, that is, the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil at the transmitter and receiver, the system mode frequency (the system mode frequency is closely related to the coupling state of the two coils), and the input frequency of the transmitter end of the system are the same, so that the wireless charging During the process, the transmitter is always input to the resonance coil of the transmitter at a fixed input frequency. Even if the transmission distance changes during the charging process, there is no need to adjust the input frequency of the transmitter, only by adjusting the energy gain rate and/or receiving of the transmitter. The energy loss rate of the end makes the system return to the orthogonal mode to obtain the best power transmission efficiency, so that the locking efficiency and locking power are realized, and the circuit is stable and efficient.
具体地，基于耦合模方程的物理原理，分析得到双共振系统中系统工作模式的表达式为：Specifically, based on the physical principles of the coupled-mode equation, the expression of the system working mode in the double resonance system is obtained by analysis as:
Figure PCTCN2020084688-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020084688-appb-000001
其中，ω ±为系统模式频率，ω 0为共振线圈的本征频率，i为虚部的符号，k为共振线圈间近场耦合强度，g为发射端的共振线圈的能量增益速率，γ为接收端的共振线圈的能量损耗速率。通过求解得到，当系统满足条件：k 2＝g*γ时，无线充电系统处于正交模式，即系统中有且仅有一个位于本征频率处的无损耗模式，ω ±＝ω 0。此时发射端的输入频率等于共振线圈的本征频率，即ω working＝ω 0，ω working为发射端的输入频率，无线充电的电能传输效率处于最佳。 Among them, ω ± is the system mode frequency, ω 0 is the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil, i is the symbol of the imaginary part, k is the near-field coupling strength between the resonant coils, g is the energy gain rate of the resonant coil at the transmitting end, and γ is the receiving The energy loss rate of the resonance coil at the end. Through solving, when the system satisfies the condition: k 2 =g*γ, the wireless charging system is in the orthogonal mode, that is, there is and only one lossless mode at the intrinsic frequency in the system, ω ± =ω 0 . At this time, the input frequency of the transmitter is equal to the intrinsic frequency of the resonance coil, that is, ω working = ω 0 , ω working is the input frequency of the transmitter, and the power transmission efficiency of wireless charging is at the best.
磁共振无线充电系统采用一对本征频率(intrinsic resonant frequency)相同的共振线圈作为能量传输的载体，线圈近场耦合后形成的系统将会有本征模式(eigenmodes)，该模式的实部代表模式的本征频率，也称系统模式频率ω ±，虚部代表模式的损耗。在强耦合区域系统本征模式发生劈裂，如图7和图8所示，当系统的近场耦合强度较高时，系统模式劈裂为对称模式ω +和反对称模式ω -，在对称模式ω +处，系统模式频率ω +＝ω 0+k，两个共振线圈的相位差(即图8中的
Figure PCTCN2020084688-appb-000002
)处于90～180°；在反对称模式ω -处，系统模式频率ω -＝ω 0-k，两个共振线圈的相位差处于0～90°，此时系统处于强耦合区。结合图9所示，当无线充电系统中发射端和接收端的传输距离发生变化时，两端共振线圈的耦合强度会急剧变化，而系统的工作模式也会改变。结合图9的虚线位置，当传输距离变近时，系统处于过耦合状态，曲线F3所示，本证模式会发生劈裂从ω 0变化为ω 0±k(分别为对称模式和反对称模式)；当距离变远时，系统处于欠耦合状态，曲线F2所示，在ω 0处的本征模式损耗会增加，过耦合状态和欠耦合状态均会导致能量传输效率下降。现有技术中的自动追踪劈裂模式是通过调节发射端的输入频率使其追踪系统模式频率而提高电能传输效率，也即令 ω working＝ω ±，但是频率追踪调节会使得电路稳定性较低，从而影响电能的整体传输功效。 The magnetic resonance wireless charging system uses a pair of resonance coils with the same intrinsic frequency as the energy transmission carrier. The system formed by the near-field coupling of the coils will have eigenmodes, the real part of which represents the mode The eigen frequency of is also called the system mode frequency ω ± , and the imaginary part represents the loss of the mode. In the strong coupling region, the eigenmodes of the system split, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8. When the near-field coupling strength of the system is high, the system mode splits into a symmetric mode ω + and an anti-symmetric mode ω - . At mode ω + , the system mode frequency ω + = ω 0 +k, the phase difference between the two resonance coils (that is, the
Figure PCTCN2020084688-appb-000002
) Is 90 ~ 180 °; in the antisymmetric mode ω -, the system mode frequencies ω - = ω 0 -k, the phase difference of two resonance coils is 0 ~ 90 °, when the system is in the strong coupling region. As shown in FIG. 9, when the transmission distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end in the wireless charging system changes, the coupling strength of the resonant coils at both ends will change sharply, and the working mode of the system will also change. Combined with the position of the dotted line in Figure 9, when the transmission distance gets closer, the system is in an over-coupling state. As shown by curve F3, the card mode will split from ω 0 to ω 0 ±k (symmetrical mode and antisymmetrical mode, respectively). ); When the distance becomes longer, the system is in an under-coupling state, as shown by the curve F2, the intrinsic mode loss at ω 0 will increase, and the over-coupling state and the under-coupling state will both cause the energy transmission efficiency to decrease. The automatic tracking split mode in the prior art improves the power transmission efficiency by adjusting the input frequency of the transmitter to make it track the system mode frequency, that is, set ω working = ω ± , but the frequency tracking adjustment will make the circuit stability lower, thus Affect the overall transmission efficiency of electrical energy.
而本发明的正交模式与上述的对称模式ω +和反对称模式ω -不同，结合图7和图8所示，随着近场耦合强度下降，对称模式ω +和反对称模式ω -最终在ω 0处合并为正交模式，两个共振线圈的相位差几近于90°，此时系统进入弱耦合区域。在传输距离发生变化时，通过动态调节共振线圈的能量增益速率和/或能量损耗速率，而始终使系统处于正交模式下和/或正交模式范围内，实现了对正交模式及正交模式范围的追踪，使得系统具有单频和高效的特点，也即ω working＝ω ±＝ω 0，发射端的输入频率为一固定频率，无需进行追踪调节即可获得较佳的电能传输效率，进而避免了因模式耦合导致频率劈裂，传输效率降低的问题，还避免了频率调节会使电路稳定性低的问题。 The orthogonal mode of the present invention is different from the above-mentioned symmetric mode ω + and anti-symmetric mode ω - . As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, as the near-field coupling strength decreases, the symmetric mode ω + and anti-symmetric mode ω - finally When ω 0 merges into an orthogonal mode, the phase difference between the two resonant coils is almost 90°. At this time, the system enters the weak coupling region. When the transmission distance changes, by dynamically adjusting the energy gain rate and/or energy loss rate of the resonant coil, the system is always in the orthogonal mode and/or within the range of the orthogonal mode, which realizes the orthogonal mode and the orthogonal mode. The tracking of the mode range makes the system have the characteristics of single frequency and high efficiency, that is, ω working ＝ω ± ＝ω 0 , the input frequency of the transmitter is a fixed frequency, and better power transmission efficiency can be obtained without tracking adjustment, and then The problem of frequency splitting and reduced transmission efficiency due to mode coupling is avoided, and the problem of low circuit stability caused by frequency adjustment is also avoided.
本发明的发射端的能量增益速率是指通道耦合造成能量幅度增加的速率，该处的通道耦合是指发射端处的电路和/或线圈与发射端的共振线圈间的耦合关系，用于为发射端的共振线圈输入能量。本发明的接收端的能量损耗速率是指通道耦合造成能量幅度减少的速率，该处的通道耦合是指接收端处的电路和/或线圈与接收端的共振线圈的耦合关系，用于从接收端的共振线圈处接收能量。对于能量损耗速率的定义可参阅技术文献《WAVES AND FIELDS IN OPTOELECTRONICS》，HERMANN A.HAUS,Massachusetts Institute of Technology，第204页中关于公式(7.28)的1/τ 0的定义。 The energy gain rate of the transmitting end of the present invention refers to the rate at which the energy amplitude increases due to channel coupling. The channel coupling here refers to the coupling relationship between the circuit and/or coil at the transmitting end and the resonance coil of the transmitting end, which is used for The resonant coil inputs energy. The energy loss rate at the receiving end of the present invention refers to the rate at which the channel coupling causes the energy amplitude to decrease. The channel coupling here refers to the coupling relationship between the circuit and/or coil at the receiving end and the resonant coil at the receiving end, which is used to resonate from the receiving end. Energy is received at the coil. For the definition of the energy loss rate, please refer to the technical literature "WAVES AND FIELDS IN OPTOELECTRONICS", HERMANN A. HAUS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, page 204 for the definition of 1/τ 0 in the formula (7.28).
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，单独调节发射端的能量增益速率时，系统运行启动电压输出，一般为40V启动，通过监控输出功率与输入功率的比值，处理模块缓慢增加发射端的能量增益速率，直至调控至输出功率与输入功率的比值落入到设定范围内，也即系统进入了正交模式范围内。而后在无线电能传输的过程中，处理模块23实时监控输出功率与输入功率的比值变化，进行动态追踪，在其发生变化时，以控制该输出功率与输入功率的比值在设定范围内，也即维持系统稳定的处于正交模式。较佳地，处理模块可通过调节发射端电路内的阻抗来实现发射端增益速率的调节。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the energy gain rate of the transmitting end is adjusted separately, the system operation start-up voltage output is generally 40V start. By monitoring the ratio of output power to input power, the processing module slowly increases the energy gain rate of the transmitting end , Until the ratio of output power to input power falls within the set range, that is, the system enters the quadrature mode range. Then in the process of wireless power transmission, the processing module 23 monitors the change in the ratio of output power to input power in real time, and performs dynamic tracking. When it changes, it can control the ratio of output power to input power within the set range. That is to maintain the system stable in the orthogonal mode. Preferably, the processing module can adjust the gain rate of the transmitting end by adjusting the impedance in the transmitting end circuit.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，单独调节接收端的能量损耗速率时，系统运行，初始时接收端的损耗速率设为无穷大，通过监控输出功率 与输入功率的比值，处理模块缓慢降低接收端的能量损耗速率，直至调控至输出功率与输入功率的比值落入到设定范围内，也即系统进入了正交模式范围内。而后在无线电能传输的过程中，处理模块23实时监控输出功率与输入功率的比值变化，进行动态追踪，在其发生变化时，以控制该输出功率与输入功率的比值在设定范围内，也即维持系统稳定的处于共振模式。较佳地，处理模块可通过调节接收端的阻抗来实现接收端增益速率的调节。通过接收端电路内阻抗的调节，可对应的调节接收端的能量损耗速率。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the energy loss rate of the receiving end is adjusted separately, the system is running, and the loss rate of the receiving end is set to infinity at the beginning. By monitoring the ratio of output power to input power, the processing module slowly reduces the energy of the receiving end The loss rate is adjusted until the ratio of output power to input power falls within the set range, that is, the system enters the quadrature mode range. Then in the process of wireless power transmission, the processing module 23 monitors the change in the ratio of output power to input power in real time, and performs dynamic tracking. When it changes, it can control the ratio of output power to input power within the set range. That is to maintain the system in a stable resonance mode. Preferably, the processing module can adjust the gain rate of the receiving end by adjusting the impedance of the receiving end. By adjusting the impedance in the receiving end circuit, the energy loss rate of the receiving end can be adjusted correspondingly.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，双端调节时，处理模块23在无线电能传输开始后，先动态调节接收端的能量损耗速率以使得无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内；再动态调节发射端的能量增益速率与接收端的能量损耗速率以保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。磁共振无线充电系统启动后，发射端的能量增益速率g较小，处理模块23先将接收端的能量损耗速率γ增大至正交模式条件k 2＝g*γ，此时系统完成正交模式锁定或正交模式范围内的锁定，实现了高效率。本发明的处理模块23先调节接收端的能量损耗速率γ，可使得系统快速处于正交模式，提高系统的正交模式锁定的效率。但由于发射端的能量增益效率较低，系统的输出功率也较低，在处于正交模式后，处理模块23在缓慢增大发射端的能量增益效率g，减小发射端的能量损耗速率γ，而使系统保持在正交模式范围内的条件，且在调节时系统输出功率将上升且维持较高的效率，直至系统满载。该种做法实现了在保持系统的正交模式或正交模式范围内不变的前提下，提升了系统的能量传输功率。 In a specific embodiment of the present invention, during dual-end adjustment, after the wireless power transmission starts, the processing module 23 dynamically adjusts the energy loss rate of the receiving end so that the wireless power transmission is within the range of the orthogonal mode; and then dynamically adjusts the transmission. The energy gain rate at the end and the energy loss rate at the receiving end to keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range. After the magnetic resonance wireless charging system is started, the energy gain rate g of the transmitting end is small, and the processing module 23 first increases the energy loss rate γ of the receiving end to the orthogonal mode condition k 2 =g*γ, and the system completes the orthogonal mode lock Or locking within the range of the quadrature mode to achieve high efficiency. The processing module 23 of the present invention first adjusts the energy loss rate γ of the receiving end, which can make the system quickly in the orthogonal mode and improve the efficiency of the orthogonal mode locking of the system. However, due to the low energy gain efficiency of the transmitting end, the output power of the system is also low. After being in the quadrature mode, the processing module 23 slowly increases the energy gain efficiency g of the transmitting end and reduces the energy loss rate γ of the transmitting end. The system maintains the conditions within the quadrature mode, and the system output power will rise and maintain a higher efficiency during adjustment until the system is fully loaded. This approach realizes the improvement of the energy transmission power of the system while keeping the orthogonal mode or the range of the orthogonal mode of the system unchanged.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，如图2所示，本发明的磁共振无线充电系统还包括接入发射端的共振线圈21处的发射阻抗调节模块26和/或接入接收端的共振线圈处的接收阻抗调节模块27；处理模块23与发射阻抗调节模块26和/或接收阻抗调节模块27连接，通过调节发射阻抗调节模块26的阻抗以实现调节发射端的能量增益速率，和/或通过调节接收阻抗调节模块27的阻抗以实现调节接收端的能量损耗速率。在图2中，R1代表发射阻抗调节模块26的阻抗，g为R1的函数，也即调节阻抗R1系统的发射端的能量增益效率也会随着变化，s表示共振线圈间距离，k为s的函数，也即随着距离s的变化系统的进场耦合强度也会发生变化，R2代表接收阻抗调节模块27的阻抗，γ为R2的函数，也即调节阻抗R2系 统的接收端的能量损耗效率也会随着变化。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention further includes a transmission impedance adjustment module 26 connected to the resonance coil 21 at the transmitting end and/or a resonance coil connected to the receiving end. The processing module 23 is connected to the transmitting impedance adjusting module 26 and/or the receiving impedance adjusting module 27, and adjusting the impedance of the transmitting impedance adjusting module 26 to adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end, and/or adjusting The impedance of the receiving impedance adjusting module 27 is used to adjust the energy loss rate of the receiving end. In Figure 2, R1 represents the impedance of the transmitting impedance adjustment module 26, g is a function of R1, that is, the energy gain efficiency of the transmitting end of the system that adjusts the impedance R1 will also change, s represents the distance between the resonant coils, and k is s. Function, that is, as the distance s changes, the incoming coupling strength of the system will also change. R2 represents the impedance of the receiving impedance adjustment module 27, and γ is a function of R2, that is, the energy loss efficiency of the receiving end of the system that adjusts the impedance R2 is also Will change.
具体地，在单独调节发射端的能量增益速率时，于发射端接入发射阻抗调节模块26。在单独调节接收端的能量损耗速率时，于接收端接入接收阻抗调节模块27。在双端调节时，于发射端和接收端分别接入发射阻抗调节模块26和接收阻抗调节模块27。Specifically, when separately adjusting the energy gain rate of the transmitting end, the transmitting impedance adjusting module 26 is connected to the transmitting end. When the energy loss rate of the receiving end is adjusted separately, the receiving impedance adjustment module 27 is connected to the receiving end. In the double-ended adjustment, the transmitting impedance adjusting module 26 and the receiving impedance adjusting module 27 are respectively connected to the transmitting end and the receiving end.
较佳地，本发明的发射阻抗调节模块26和接收阻抗调节模块27可采用纯电路构成，还可以采用纯线圈构成，或者采用电路和线圈共同构成。其中纯电路可选用buck拓扑类型电路、boost拓扑类型电路或其它利用场效应管(MOSFET)实现输出控制的电路拓扑。如图3所示，显示了纯电路构成示意图，处理模块通过调节阻抗相应地实现调节能量增益速率和能量损耗速率。在发射端的共振线圈21处接入-R1，在接收端的共振线圈21处接入+R2，调节发射端处的-R1时，发射端电路的电压会随之变化，进而发射端的能量增益速率也会变化，发射端电路的电压变大时，发射端的能量增益速率也会变大。调节接收端处的+R2时，接收端电路的电阻会随之变化，进而接收端的能量损耗速率也会变化，接收端电路的电阻变小时，能量损耗速率也会变小。如图4所示，显示了纯线圈构成示意图，发射端的共振线圈21处耦合一发射端非共振线圈31，接收端的共振线圈22处耦合一接收端非共振线圈32，处理模块可通过调节发射端非共振线圈31和接收端非共振线圈32匝数，来实现调节能量增益速率和能量损耗速率。如图5和图6所示，显示了电路和线圈构成示意图。图5中在发射端的共振线圈21处耦合连接一发射端非共振线圈31，接收端的共振线圈22连接纯电路。图6中在接收端的共振线圈22处耦合连接一接收端非共振线圈32，发射端的共振线圈21连接纯电路。在发射端设计非共振线圈使得空载阶段系统处于断路状态，可以很好的回避通常磁共振系统空载功率过大而烧毁电路的风险，进一步增加了系统的稳定性。Preferably, the transmitting impedance adjusting module 26 and the receiving impedance adjusting module 27 of the present invention can be composed of a pure circuit, or a pure coil, or a circuit and a coil. Among them, the pure circuit can be a buck topology type circuit, a boost topology type circuit or other circuit topologies that use field effect transistors (MOSFET) to achieve output control. As shown in Figure 3, it shows a schematic diagram of the pure circuit composition. The processing module adjusts the energy gain rate and energy loss rate accordingly by adjusting the impedance. Connect -R1 to the resonance coil 21 at the transmitting end, and connect +R2 to the resonance coil 21 at the receiving end. When adjusting -R1 at the transmitting end, the voltage of the transmitting end circuit will change accordingly, and the energy gain rate of the transmitting end is also Will change, when the voltage of the transmitter circuit becomes larger, the energy gain rate of the transmitter will also increase. When adjusting +R2 at the receiving end, the resistance of the receiving end circuit will change accordingly, and the energy loss rate of the receiving end will also change. When the resistance of the receiving end circuit becomes smaller, the energy loss rate will also decrease. As shown in Figure 4, it shows a schematic diagram of the pure coil composition. The resonant coil 21 at the transmitter is coupled with a transmitter non-resonant coil 31, and the resonant coil 22 at the receiver is coupled with a receiver non-resonant coil 32. The processing module can adjust the transmitter The number of turns of the non-resonant coil 31 and the non-resonant coil 32 at the receiving end are used to adjust the energy gain rate and the energy loss rate. As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the circuit and coil composition diagrams are shown. In FIG. 5, a transmitting non-resonant coil 31 is coupled to the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end, and the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end is connected to a pure circuit. In FIG. 6, a non-resonant coil 32 at the receiving end is coupled to the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end, and the resonant coil 21 at the transmitting end is connected to a pure circuit. Designing a non-resonant coil at the transmitting end makes the system in an open circuit state during the no-load phase, which can well avoid the risk of burning the circuit due to excessive no-load power of the normal magnetic resonance system, and further increase the stability of the system.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，处理模块23内设有一低限值；处理模块在无线电能传输过程中，比较判断输出功率与输入功率的比值是否低于低限值，在输出功率与输入功率的比值低于低限值时，动态调节发射端的能量增益速率和/或接收端的能量损耗速率，直至输出功率与输入功率的比值落入设定范围。处理模块23并非在输出功率与输入功率的比值超出设定范围即进行动态调控发射端的电压，而是通过设定一个较低的低限值，在低于该低限值时，及时进行动态调控。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the processing module 23 has a low limit; the processing module compares and judges whether the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the low limit during the wireless power transmission process. When the ratio of the input power is lower than the low limit, the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted until the ratio of the output power to the input power falls within the set range. The processing module 23 does not dynamically adjust the voltage of the transmitting terminal when the ratio of output power to input power exceeds the set range, but sets a lower low limit, and when the ratio is lower than the low limit, it performs dynamic adjustment in time .
较佳地，上述的设定范围依据图9中频率ω 0对应的能量传输效率所对应的线圈间进场耦合强度来设计，该设定范围较佳为0.85至1。低限值较佳为0.8。输出功率与输入功率的比值即为能量传输效率，在发射端的共振线圈和接收端的共振线圈间的距离发生变化时，无线能量传输效率会产生影响，进而通过实时监测输出功率与输入功率的比值即可监测到无线能量传输效率的变化。 Preferably, the above-mentioned setting range is designed according to the coupling strength between coils corresponding to the energy transmission efficiency corresponding to the frequency ω 0 in FIG. 9, and the setting range is preferably 0.85 to 1. The lower limit is preferably 0.8. The ratio of the output power to the input power is the energy transmission efficiency. When the distance between the resonant coil at the transmitting end and the resonant coil at the receiving end changes, the wireless energy transmission efficiency will have an impact. Then the ratio of output power to input power can be monitored in real time. The change of wireless energy transmission efficiency can be monitored.
又佳地，本发明的输入功率监测模块24接入本发明磁共振无线充电系统的发射端，用于监测输入到发射端的共振线圈21的电流和电压，利用监测得到的电流和电压计算得出输入功率。具体地，可通过在电路中接入霍尔元件检测电路中的电流，利用分压电阻检测电路中的电压。相应地，输出功率监测模块25接入本发明磁共振无线充电系统的接收端，用于监测输入到负载的电流和电压，利用监测得到的电流和电压计算得到输出功率。具体地，可通过在电路中接入霍尔元件检测电路中的电流，利用分压电阻检测电路中的电压。Preferably, the input power monitoring module 24 of the present invention is connected to the transmitting end of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention, and is used to monitor the current and voltage of the resonance coil 21 input to the transmitting end, and it is calculated by using the monitored current and voltage input power. Specifically, the current in the Hall element detection circuit can be connected to the circuit, and the voltage in the circuit can be detected by a voltage divider resistor. Correspondingly, the output power monitoring module 25 is connected to the receiving end of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention, and is used to monitor the current and voltage input to the load, and calculate the output power by using the monitored current and voltage. Specifically, the current in the Hall element detection circuit can be connected to the circuit, and the voltage in the circuit can be detected by a voltage divider resistor.
进一步地，在发射端和接收端均接入有保护电路模块，用于在发射端和接收端的电路内的电流及电压超过保护范围时，切断发射端和接收端的电路。实现了发射端和接收端的过压欠压以及过流欠流保护。具体地，保护电路模块包括Vin监控子模块、Iin监控子模块以及输入阻抗调控子模块，Vin监控子模块、Iin监控子模块用于监控电路中的电流及电压，该电流及电压可输入给处理模块23，处理模块23判断电流及电压是否在保护范围内，若否通过调控输入阻抗调控子模块253而断开电路。Further, a protection circuit module is connected to both the transmitting end and the receiving end, which is used to cut off the circuits of the transmitting end and the receiving end when the current and voltage in the circuits of the transmitting end and the receiving end exceed the protection range. Realize the overvoltage and undervoltage and overcurrent and undercurrent protection of the transmitter and receiver. Specifically, the protection circuit module includes a Vin monitoring submodule, an Iin monitoring submodule, and an input impedance control submodule. The Vin monitoring submodule and Iin monitoring submodule are used to monitor the current and voltage in the circuit, and the current and voltage can be input to the processor. Module 23, the processing module 23 determines whether the current and voltage are within the protection range, and if not, the circuit is disconnected by adjusting the input impedance adjusting sub-module 253.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，还包括设于发射端并与发射端的共振线圈连接的高频逆变模块，用于向发射端的共振线圈输入高频电磁波，所输入的高频电磁波的频率范围在ω 0-1％ω 0至ω 0+1％ω 0之间，其中的ω 0为发射端的共振线圈的本征频率。该处的向发射端的共振线圈输入的高频电磁波的频率即为发射端的输入频率ω working，高频逆变模块较佳为DC-AC高频逆变模块，该DC-AC高频逆变模块与供电源连接，还与发射端的共振线圈21连接，DC-AC高频逆变模块用于将直流电变成高频电磁波送入到发射端的共振线圈21，该高频电磁波的频率范围为1kHz～20MHz，而本发明将DC-AC高频逆变模块输出的高频电磁波的频率设定在一范围内，该范围为ω 0-1％ω 0至ω 0+1％ω 0之间，处理模块将系统锁定在正交模式范围内，这样使得系统的能量传输效率达到较大。较佳地，高频电磁波的频率为发 射端的共振线圈的本征频率，此时系统的能量传输效率达到最大。 In a specific embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a high-frequency inverter module arranged at the transmitting end and connected to the resonant coil of the transmitting end for inputting high-frequency electromagnetic waves to the resonant coil of the transmitting end. The frequency range is between ω 0 -1% ω 0 to ω 0 +1% ω 0 , where ω 0 is the intrinsic frequency of the resonance coil at the transmitting end. The frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave input to the resonance coil of the transmitting end is the input frequency ω working of the transmitting end. The high-frequency inverter module is preferably a DC-AC high-frequency inverter module, and the DC-AC high-frequency inverter module It is connected to the power supply and is also connected to the resonance coil 21 at the transmitting end. The DC-AC high-frequency inverter module is used to convert direct current into high-frequency electromagnetic waves and send them to the resonance coil 21 at the transmitting end. The frequency range of the high-frequency electromagnetic waves is 1kHz～ 20MHz, and the present invention sets the frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave output by the DC-AC high-frequency inverter module within a range, which is between ω 0 -1% ω 0 and ω 0 +1% ω 0 . The module locks the system in the range of the orthogonal mode, which makes the energy transmission efficiency of the system reach a greater. Preferably, the frequency of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave is the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil at the transmitting end, and the energy transmission efficiency of the system is maximized at this time.
较佳地，供电源为系统提供市电220V、50Hz接入，在供电源和DC-AC高频逆变模块之间连接有AC-DC整流降压模块，用于对市电进行整流降压，使其变成5V～310V直流电压，送入到DC-AC高频逆变模块。接收端的共振线圈22处连接有AC-DC高频整流模块，用于将高频电磁破转变为直流再供给负载。Preferably, the power supply provides 220V, 50Hz access to mains power for the system, and an AC-DC rectification and voltage reduction module is connected between the power supply and the DC-AC high-frequency inverter module for rectification and voltage reduction of the mains , Make it into 5V～310V DC voltage, and send it to the DC-AC high frequency inverter module. An AC-DC high-frequency rectifier module is connected to the resonant coil 22 at the receiving end to convert the high-frequency electromagnetic wave into direct current and then supply the load.
下面结合图10至图11，对本发明的实际效果进行说明。The actual effects of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 10 to 11.
如图10所示，接收端的接收阻抗调节模块27调节阻抗时，接收端处的电压相应地发生变化，图10显示了在正交模式下接收端的输入电压与损耗速率的关系，随着输入电压的增大损耗速率逐渐减小。如图11所示，发射端的发射阻抗调节模块26调节阻抗时，发射端的电压相应地发生变化，图11显示了在正交模式下发射端的输出电压与增益速率的关系，随着输出电压的增大增益速率逐渐变大。As shown in Figure 10, when the receiving impedance adjustment module 27 of the receiving end adjusts the impedance, the voltage at the receiving end changes accordingly. Figure 10 shows the relationship between the input voltage of the receiving end and the loss rate in the quadrature mode. The increase in loss rate gradually decreases. As shown in Figure 11, when the transmitter impedance adjustment module 26 adjusts the impedance, the voltage of the transmitter changes accordingly. Figure 11 shows the relationship between the output voltage of the transmitter and the gain rate in the quadrature mode, as the output voltage increases. The large gain rate gradually becomes larger.
当系统的传输距离发生变化时，近场耦合强度k将变化，而本发明通过增益速率和/或损耗速率的调整，满足正交模式条件k 2＝g*γ，使得系统锁定在高效率传输。如图12所示，基于正交模式系统实现了在一段跨度较大的耦合强度中的高效传输，当系统耦合强度低于2kHz时，系统整体能量传输效率η才缓慢下降，如图12中实线部分。通过测试共振线圈相位差，可以观察到系统中两个共振线圈时刻保持90°的相位差，证明了该系统处于正交模式(图中虚线部分)。 When the transmission distance of the system changes, the near-field coupling strength k will change, and the present invention satisfies the orthogonal mode condition k 2 =g*γ by adjusting the gain rate and/or loss rate, so that the system is locked in high-efficiency transmission . As shown in Figure 12, the orthogonal mode system achieves efficient transmission in a large span of coupling strength. When the system coupling strength is lower than 2kHz, the overall energy transmission efficiency η of the system decreases slowly, as shown in Figure 12. Line part. By testing the phase difference of the resonant coils, it can be observed that the two resonant coils in the system maintain a phase difference of 90° at all times, which proves that the system is in orthogonal mode (the dotted line in the figure).
本发明磁共振无线充电系统的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the magnetic resonance wireless charging system of the present invention are:
基于正交模式的物理原理实现无线充电能量高效率传输，具有单频和高效的特点；利用发射端增益调节和/或接收端损耗调节实现正交模式追踪，可以大大增加高效率传输的范围；系统空载呈现开路特性，稳定性和安全性较强；可实现系统功率输出的调控。The high-efficiency transmission of wireless charging energy based on the physical principle of the orthogonal mode has the characteristics of single frequency and high efficiency; the use of the transmitter gain adjustment and/or the receiver loss adjustment to achieve orthogonal mode tracking can greatly increase the range of high-efficiency transmission; The system exhibits open circuit characteristics at no load, with strong stability and safety; it can realize the regulation of system power output.
本发明还提供了一种磁共振无线充电方法，下面对磁共振无线充电方法进行说明。The present invention also provides a magnetic resonance wireless charging method. The magnetic resonance wireless charging method will be described below.
本发明的一种磁共振无线充电方法，用于对负载进行无线充电，其中与负载连接的一端作为接收端，与供电源连接的一端作为发射端，无线充电方法包括如下步骤：A magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention is used to wirelessly charge a load, wherein the end connected to the load is used as the receiving end, and the end connected to the power supply is used as the transmitting end. The wireless charging method includes the following steps:
于发射端和接收端均设置共振线圈，且共振线圈的本征频率相同；Both the transmitting end and the receiving end are equipped with resonant coils, and the intrinsic frequencies of the resonant coils are the same;
将发射端和接收端的共振线圈耦合连接以实现无线电能传输；Coupling and connecting the resonant coils at the transmitting end and the receiving end to realize wireless power transmission;
在无线电能传输开始后，监测发射端的输入功率及接收端的输出功率；以及After the wireless power transmission starts, monitor the input power of the transmitting end and the output power of the receiving end; and
依据输出功率与输入功率的比值，对发射端的能量增益速率和/或接收端的能量损耗速率进行动态调节以使得输出功率与输入功率的比值落入设定范围，并保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。According to the ratio of output power to input power, dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end to make the ratio of output power to input power fall within the set range, and keep the wireless power transmission in quadrature mode Within range.
本发明的磁共振无线充电方法可通过上述的磁共振无线充电系统中的处理模块来实现对负载的高效率的无线充电，其高效率传输电能的原理与上述的处理模块的高效率传输电能原理相同，可参见上述的具体描述，在此不再赘述。The magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention can realize high-efficiency wireless charging of the load through the processing module in the above-mentioned magnetic resonance wireless charging system. The principle of high-efficiency transmission of electric energy is the same as that of the above-mentioned processing module. For the same, please refer to the above specific description, which will not be repeated here.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，在对发射端的能量增益速率和接收端的能量损耗速率进行动态调节时，还包括：In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when dynamically adjusting the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end, the method further includes:
在无线电能传输开始后，先动态调节接收端的能量损耗速率以使得无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内；After the wireless power transmission starts, first dynamically adjust the energy loss rate of the receiving end to make the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range;
再动态调节发射端的能量增益速率与接收端的能量损耗速率以保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。Then dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end to keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，还包括：In a specific embodiment of the present invention, it further includes:
于发射端的共振线圈处接入一发射阻抗调节模块，和/或于接收端的共振线圈处接入一接收阻抗调节模块；A transmission impedance adjustment module is connected to the resonance coil of the transmitting end, and/or a receiving impedance adjustment module is connected to the resonance coil of the receiving end;
通过调节发射阻抗调节模块的阻抗以实现调节发射端的能量增益速率，和/或通过调节接收阻抗调节模块的阻抗以实现调节接收端的能量损耗速率。The energy gain rate of the transmitting end is adjusted by adjusting the impedance of the transmitting impedance adjusting module, and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end is adjusted by adjusting the impedance of the receiving impedance adjusting module.
本发明磁共振无线充电方法的进一步改进在于，还包括：The further improvement of the magnetic resonance wireless charging method of the present invention lies in that it also includes:
设定一低限值；Set a low limit;
在无线电能传输过程中，比较判断输出功率与输入功率的比值是否低于低限值；In the process of wireless power transmission, compare and judge whether the ratio of output power to input power is lower than the low limit;
在输出功率与输入功率的比值低于低限值时，动态调节发射端的能量增益速率和/或接收端的能量损耗速率，直至输出功率与输入功率的比值落入设定范围。When the ratio of output power to input power is lower than the low limit, dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end until the ratio of output power to input power falls within the set range.
在本发明的一种具体实施方式中，还包括：In a specific embodiment of the present invention, it further includes:
将发射端的共振线圈处的输入频率设置为一设定频率范围内的一频率值，所述设置频率范围为ω 0-1％ω 0至ω 0+1％ω 0，其中的ω 0为所述发射端的 共振线圈的本征频率。在该频率范围内，可使得电能传输处于正交模式范围内。较佳地，将发射端的共振线圈处的输入频率设置为发射端的共振线圈的本征频率，此时的能量传输效率达到最大。 The input frequency at the resonance coil of the transmitting end is set to a frequency value within a set frequency range, the set frequency range is from ω 0 -1% ω 0 to ω 0 +1% ω 0 , where ω 0 is all The eigenfrequency of the resonant coil at the transmitting end. In this frequency range, the power transmission can be in the quadrature mode range. Preferably, the input frequency of the resonance coil at the transmitting end is set to the eigenfrequency of the resonance coil at the transmitting end, and the energy transmission efficiency at this time is maximized.
以上结合附图实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域中普通技术人员可根据上述说明对本发明做出种种变化例。因而，实施例中的某些细节不应构成对本发明的限定，本发明将以所附权利要求书界定的范围作为本发明的保护范围。The present invention has been described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments of the drawings, and a person of ordinary skill in the art can make various changes to the present invention based on the above description. Therefore, some details in the embodiments should not constitute a limitation to the present invention, and the present invention takes the scope defined by the appended claims as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种磁共振无线充电方法，用于对负载进行无线充电，其中与负载连接的一端作为接收端，与供电源连接的一端作为发射端，其特征在于，所述无线充电方法包括如下步骤：A magnetic resonance wireless charging method for wireless charging a load, wherein the end connected to the load is used as the receiving end, and the end connected to the power supply is used as the transmitting end, characterized in that the wireless charging method includes the following steps:
    于所述发射端和所述接收端均设置共振线圈，且所述发射端和所述接收端的共振线圈的本征频率相同；Resonant coils are provided on both the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the intrinsic frequencies of the resonant coils of the transmitting end and the receiving end are the same;
    将所述发射端和所述接收端的共振线圈耦合连接以实现无线电能传输；Coupling the resonant coils of the transmitting end and the receiving end to realize wireless power transmission;
    在无线电能传输开始后，监测所述发射端的输入功率及所述接收端的输出功率；以及After the wireless power transmission starts, monitor the input power of the transmitting end and the output power of the receiving end; and
    依据所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值，对所述发射端的能量增益速率和/或所述接收端的能量损耗速率进行动态调节以使得所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值落入设定范围，并保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。According to the ratio of the output power to the input power, the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted so that the ratio of the output power to the input power falls into the setting Set the range, and keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的磁共振无线充电方法，其特征在于，在对所述发射端的能量增益速率和所述接收端的能量损耗速率进行动态调节时，还包括：5. The magnetic resonance wireless charging method according to claim 1, wherein when dynamically adjusting the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end, the method further comprises:
    在无线电能传输开始后，先动态调节所述接收端的能量损耗速率以使得无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内；After the wireless power transmission starts, first dynamically adjust the energy loss rate of the receiving end to make the wireless power transmission within the orthogonal mode range;
    再动态调节所述发射端的能量增益速率与所述接收端的能量损耗速率以保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。Then dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end to keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的磁共振无线充电方法，其特征在于，还包括：The magnetic resonance wireless charging method according to claim 1, further comprising:
    于所述发射端的共振线圈处接入一发射阻抗调节模块，和/或于所述接收端的共振线圈处接入一接收阻抗调节模块；Connecting a transmitting impedance adjustment module to the resonance coil of the transmitting end, and/or connecting a receiving impedance adjusting module to the resonance coil of the receiving end;
    通过调节所述发射阻抗调节模块的阻抗以实现调节所述发射端的能量增益速率，和/或通过调节所述接收阻抗调节模块的阻抗以实现调节所述接收端的能量损耗速率。The energy gain rate of the transmitting end is adjusted by adjusting the impedance of the transmitting impedance adjusting module, and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end is adjusted by adjusting the impedance of the receiving impedance adjusting module.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的磁共振无线充电方法，其特征在于，还包括：The magnetic resonance wireless charging method according to claim 1, further comprising:
    设定一低限值；Set a low limit;
    在无线电能传输过程中，比较判断所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值是否低于所述低限值；During the wireless power transmission process, comparing and determining whether the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the lower limit;
    在所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值低于所述低限值时，动态调节所述发射端的能量增益速率和/或所述接收端的能量损耗速率，直至所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值落入所述设定范围。When the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the low limit, dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end until the output power and the input power The power ratio falls within the setting range.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的磁共振无线充电方法，其特征在于，还包括：The magnetic resonance wireless charging method according to claim 1, further comprising:
    将所述发射端的共振线圈处的输入频率设置为一设定频率范围内的一频率值，所述设定频率范围为ω 0-1％ω 0至ω 0+1％ω 0，其中的ω 0为所述发射端的共振线圈的本征频率。 The input frequency at the resonance coil of the transmitting end is set to a frequency value within a set frequency range, the set frequency range is ω 0 -1% ω 0 to ω 0 +1% ω 0 , where ω 0 is the intrinsic frequency of the resonance coil of the transmitting end.
  6. 一种磁共振无线充电系统，用于对负载进行无线充电，其中与所述负载连接的一端作为接收端，与供电源连接的一端作为发射端，其特征在于，所述无线充电系统包括：A magnetic resonance wireless charging system for wireless charging a load, wherein the end connected to the load is used as a receiving end, and the end connected to a power supply is used as a transmitting end, characterized in that the wireless charging system includes:
    设于所述发射端的共振线圈；A resonance coil provided at the transmitting end;
    设于所述接收端的共振线圈，所述接收端的共振线圈与所述发射端的共振线圈耦合连接以实现无线电能传输，且所述发射端和所述接收端的共振线圈的本征频率相同；A resonant coil provided at the receiving end, the resonant coil of the receiving end is coupled to the resonant coil of the transmitting end to realize wireless power transmission, and the intrinsic frequencies of the resonant coils of the transmitting end and the receiving end are the same;
    接入所述发射端的输入功率监测模块，用于监测所述发射端的输入功率；The input power monitoring module connected to the transmitting terminal is used to monitor the input power of the transmitting terminal;
    接入所述接收端的输出功率监测模块，用于监测所述接收端的输出功率；Access to the output power monitoring module of the receiving end for monitoring the output power of the receiving end;
    与所述发射端和所述接收端均控制连接的处理模块，所述处理模块还与所述输入功率监测模块和所述输出功率监测模块连接，用于接收所述输入功率和所述输出功率，并依据所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值，对所述发射端的能量增益速率和/或所述接收端的能量损耗速率进行动态调节以使得所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值落入设定范围，且保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。A processing module connected in control with both the transmitting end and the receiving end, the processing module is also connected to the input power monitoring module and the output power monitoring module, and is configured to receive the input power and the output power , And dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end according to the ratio of the output power to the input power so that the ratio of the output power to the input power falls Enter the set range, and keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range.
  7. 如权利要求6所述的磁共振无线充电系统，其特征在于，对所述发射端的能量增益速率和所述接收端的能量损耗速率进行动态调节时，所述处理模块在无线电能传输开始后，先动态调节所述接收端的能量损耗速率以使得无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内；再动态调节所述发射端的能量增益速率与所述接收端的能量损耗速率以保持无线电能传输处于正交模式范围内。The magnetic resonance wireless charging system according to claim 6, wherein when the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted, the processing module first, after the wireless power transmission starts, Dynamically adjust the energy loss rate of the receiving end to make the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range; then dynamically adjust the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and the energy loss rate of the receiving end to keep the wireless power transmission in the orthogonal mode range .
  8. 如权利要求6所述的磁共振无线充电系统，其特征在于，还包括接入所述发射端的共振线圈处的发射阻抗调节模块和/或接入所述接收端 的共振线圈处的接收阻抗调节模块；The magnetic resonance wireless charging system according to claim 6, further comprising a transmission impedance adjustment module connected to the resonance coil of the transmitting end and/or a receiving impedance adjustment module connected to the resonant coil of the receiving end ；
    所述处理模块与所述发射阻抗调节模块和/或所述接收阻抗调节模块连接，通过调节所述发射阻抗调节模块的阻抗以实现调节所述发射端的能量增益速率，和/或通过调节所述接收阻抗调节模块的阻抗以实现调节所述接收端的能量损耗速率。The processing module is connected to the transmission impedance adjustment module and/or the reception impedance adjustment module, and adjusts the energy gain rate of the transmitting end by adjusting the impedance of the transmission impedance adjustment module, and/or by adjusting the The impedance of the receiving impedance adjusting module is used to adjust the energy loss rate of the receiving end.
  9. 如权利要求6所述的磁共振无线充电系统，其特征在于，所述处理模块内设有一低限值；7. The magnetic resonance wireless charging system of claim 6, wherein a low limit is set in the processing module;
    所述处理模块在无线电能传输过程中，比较判断所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值是否低于所述低限值，在所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值低于所述低限值时，动态调节所述发射端的能量增益速率和/或所述接收端的能量损耗速率，直至所述输出功率与所述输入功率的比值落入所述设定范围。In the wireless power transmission process, the processing module compares and judges whether the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the lower limit, and when the ratio of the output power to the input power is lower than the lower limit, When the limit is set, the energy gain rate of the transmitting end and/or the energy loss rate of the receiving end are dynamically adjusted until the ratio of the output power to the input power falls within the set range.
  10. 如权利要求6所述的磁共振无线充电系统，其特征在于，还包括设于所述发射端并与所述发射端的共振线圈连接的高频逆变模块，用于向所述发射端的共振线圈输入高频电磁波，所输入的高频电磁波的频率范围在ω 0-1％ω 0至ω 0+1％ω 0之间，其中的ω 0为所述发射端的共振线圈的本征频率。 The magnetic resonance wireless charging system according to claim 6, further comprising a high frequency inverter module arranged at the transmitting end and connected to the resonant coil of the transmitting end, and used to transmit the resonant coil of the transmitting end to the resonant coil. Input high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the frequency range of the input high-frequency electromagnetic waves is between ω 0 -1% ω 0 to ω 0 +1% ω 0 , where ω 0 is the intrinsic frequency of the resonant coil at the transmitting end.
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CN113985170A (en) * 2021-10-26 2022-01-28 杭州电子科技大学 Automatic transmission efficiency measuring system and method based on wireless electric energy transmission device

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