WO2021205104A1 - Composition résistante et/ou retardante au feu - Google Patents
Composition résistante et/ou retardante au feu Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021205104A1 WO2021205104A1 PCT/FR2021/050589 FR2021050589W WO2021205104A1 WO 2021205104 A1 WO2021205104 A1 WO 2021205104A1 FR 2021050589 W FR2021050589 W FR 2021050589W WO 2021205104 A1 WO2021205104 A1 WO 2021205104A1
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- fire
- resistant
- retardant
- composition
- cable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/002—Inhomogeneous material in general
- H01B3/006—Other inhomogeneous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D103/00—Coating compositions based on starch, amylose or amylopectin or on their derivatives or degradation products
- C09D103/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0016—Plasticisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
- C08K2003/387—Borates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fire-resistant and / or retardant composition
- a fire-resistant and / or retardant composition comprising a starch, at least one starch plasticizer, at least one first alkali silicate and at least one phyllosilicate; to a process for preparing said fire-resistant and / or retardant composition; to a device chosen from among an energy and / or telecommunications cable, and an accessory for an energy and / or telecommunications cable, said cable comprising at least one resistant and / or fire retardant layer based on said resistant composition and / or fire retardant, and said cable accessory comprising at least one fire resistant and / or fire retardant layer based on said fire resistant and / or retardant composition; as well as a method of manufacturing such a device.
- retardant and / or fire-resistant compositions in particular which can be used in electrical and / or optical cables intended for energy transport and / or data transmission such as cables.
- These safety cables are in particular low and medium voltage power transmission cables (in particular from 60 to 110 V) or low frequency transmission cables, such as control or signaling cables.
- WO 2016/092200 A1 is known the use in a cable or an accessory for a cable, and in particular in a composite layer of said cable or of said accessory, of a composite material comprising a geopolymer material and a non-woven fibrous material.
- the composite layer is obtained by applying the nonwoven fibrous material such as a nonwoven paper tape around a copper conductor assembly / nonwoven fibrous material, then impregnation by dipping coating the assembly with a geopolymer composition comprising a silicate sodium, water, potassium hydroxide, metakaolin and polypropylene fibers.
- a geopolymer composition comprising a silicate sodium, water, potassium hydroxide, metakaolin and polypropylene fibers.
- the impregnation step is difficult to control and to implement, due to the sometimes too rapid hardening of the geopolymer composition during this step.
- the composite layer thus obtained becomes hard over time, making it difficult to handle, or to handle the cable or the accessory comprising said layer.
- the process of applying and drying the composite layer is relatively long.
- the aim of the invention is therefore to overcome all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks, and to provide a composition that is easily applicable around a cable or an accessory, in particular having good mechanical properties, in particular in terms of flexibility and durability, while ensuring good fire resistance properties.
- the first subject of the invention is a fire-resistant and / or retardant composition, characterized in that it comprises at least a first alkali silicate, starch, at least one starch plasticizer, and at least one phyllosilicate , said phyllosilicate representing an amount greater than 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant composition of the invention Thanks to the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant composition of the invention, improved mechanical properties, in particular in terms of flexibility and durability, are obtained, while ensuring good reaction and fire resistance properties.
- Starch generally includes amylose, amylopectin, and optionally phytoglycogen.
- the starch comprises from 15 to 30% by weight of amylose, from 70 to 85% by weight approximately of amylopectin, and from 0 to 20% by weight approximately of phytoglycogen. , relative to the total weight of the starch.
- modified starch By way of example of starch, there may be mentioned a native starch or a modified starch, and preferably a modified starch.
- Modified starch has the advantage of being generally cold soluble (ie at a temperature of 15-35 ° C). This thus makes it possible to form a cohesive structure without the need to heat the composition.
- the starch used in the composition is in the form of a powder.
- the native starch can be a starch from cereals (eg wheat, corn, barley, triticale, sorghum or rice), tubers (eg potato or cassava), legumes (eg peas or soybeans), roots, bulbs , stems, fruits, or a mixture thereof.
- cereals eg wheat, corn, barley, triticale, sorghum or rice
- tubers eg potato or cassava
- legumes eg peas or soybeans
- roots bulbs , stems, fruits, or a mixture thereof.
- the modified starch can be physically, chemically, or enzymatically modified starch.
- the modified starch can be chosen from oxidized starches, starches hydrolyzed by an acid, oxidizing or enzymatic route, starches modified (e.g. functionalized) by a physicochemical route, such as in particular esterified and / or etherified starches.
- Functionalization can be obtained by acetylation in aqueous phase with acetic anhydride, reactive extrusion of acid anhydrides, mixed anhydrides, fatty acid chlorides, oligomers of caprolactones or lactides, by hydroxypropylation in the glue phase, by cationization in the dry phase or glue phase, by crosslinking, by anionization by phosphatation or by succinylation, by silylation, by telomerization with butadiene, etc ...
- the starch is preferably chosen from esterified starches.
- esterified starches include acetylated distarch adipate which results from the esterification of starch with acetic acid and adipic acid.
- the starch preferably represents from 5 to 30% by weight approximately, more preferably from 7 to 25% by weight approximately, and even more preferably from 10 to 20% by weight approximately, relative to the total weight of said fire resistant and / or retardant composition.
- the starch plasticizer is intended to improve the dispersion of the starch within the fire resistant and / or retardant composition.
- the plasticizer has the advantage of forming a gel with the starch.
- the starch plasticizer preferably has a boiling or decomposition temperature above 100 ° C.
- It can be chosen from a metal stearate, a polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, a polyol, a sucrose, a plasticizer containing amide groups, a plasticizer based on modified polysaccharide (s), and one of their mixtures.
- sucrose examples include glucose or fructose.
- polyols there may be mentioned aliphatic polyols such as glycerol, sorbitol, mannitol, maltitol, xylitol or an oligomer of one of these polyols.
- the plasticizer is preferably a polyol, particularly preferably an aliphatic polyol, and more particularly preferably glycerol.
- the plasticizer of the starch preferably represents from 5 to 45% by weight approximately, more preferably from 8 to 42% by weight approximately, and even more preferably from 10 to 40% by weight approximately, relative to the total weight of said fire resistant and / or retardant composition.
- the starch and the plasticizer of the starch preferably represent from 15 to 80% by weight approximately, more preferably from 20 to 65% by weight approximately, and even more preferably from 30 to 55% by weight approximately, relative to the total weight of said composition resistant and / or retardant to fire.
- the starch / starch plasticizer mass ratio in the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant composition can range from about 0.1 to 3.
- the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition comprises at least one phyllosilicate, the proportion of which is greater than approximately 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition.
- the phylosilicate generally has a lamellar sheet or tube structure.
- the phyllosilicate is preferably an aluminum silicate, and more preferably an aluminum potassium silicate.
- the phyllosilicate is preferably a dioctahedral phyllosilicate.
- the phyllosilicate can be chosen from sepiolites, palygorskites, attapulgites, kalifersites, loughlinites, falcondoites, montmorillonites, illites, talcs, and micas (e.g. muscovite mica).
- palygorskite and attapu Igite are often considered to be one and the same phyllosilicate.
- the phyllosilicate of the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition is chosen from sepiolites, palygorskites, attapulgites, kalifersites, loughlinites, falcondoites, montmorillonites, illites, and micas, particularly preferably among micas, and more particularly preferably among muscovite type micas.
- the phyllosilicate preferably represents at least 15% by weight approximately, particularly preferably at least 20% by weight approximately, and more particularly preferably at least 25%. by weight approximately, relative to the total weight of the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition.
- the phyllosilicate preferably represents at most 50% by weight approximately, particularly preferably at most 45% by weight approximately, and more particularly preferably at most 40% by weight approximately, relative to the total weight of the resistant composition and / or fire retardant.
- the first alkali silicate can be selected from sodium silicates, potassium silicates, and a mixture thereof.
- the alkali metal silicates marketed by the company Silmaco or by the company PQ Corporation are preferred.
- the first alkali silicate is preferably sodium silicate.
- the first alkali silicate may have an Si0 / M 2 0 molar ratio ranging from about 1.1 to 35, preferably from about 1.3 to 10, and so particularly preferred from about 1.4 to 5, with M being a sodium or potassium atom, and preferably a sodium atom.
- the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition may comprise from 1 to 20% by weight approximately, and preferably from 2 to 15% by weight approximately, of first alkali silicate, relative to the total weight of the composition resistant and / or retardant to fire. fire.
- the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition may further comprise a second alkali silicate different from the first alkali silicate.
- a fire resistant and / or retardant layer is obtained which retains a certain flexibility during prolonged exposure to a temperature above 100 ° C.
- the second alkali silicate can be selected from sodium silicates, potassium silicates, and a mixture thereof.
- the alkali metal silicates marketed by the company Silmaco or by the company PQ Corporation are preferred.
- the second alkali silicate is preferably sodium silicate.
- the first and second alkali silicates may have Si0 / M 2 0 and Si0 2 / M ' 2 0 molar ratios such that M and M', identical or different, respectively, are chosen from a sodium atom and a potassium atom, and preferably a sodium atom, and said ratios have different values, preferably values such that their difference is at least 0.3, particularly preferably such that their difference is at least 0.5, and more particularly preferably such that their difference is at least 1.0.
- the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition comprises:
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant composition may comprise from 1 to 20% by weight approximately, and preferably from 2 to 15% by weight approximately of first and second alkali silicates, relative to the total weight of the resistant composition and / or fire retardant.
- the mass ratio [first alkali silicate / second alkali silicate] in the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition preferably ranges from 0.5 to 2.5, and particularly preferably from 0.8 to 2.0.
- the first alkali silicate (respectively the second alkali silicate) may be in the form of a basic aqueous solution comprising said first alkali silicate (respectively said second alkali silicate).
- the basic aqueous solution preferably has a pH ranging from 9.5 to 12.5.
- the fire resistant and / or retardant composition may comprise water.
- the water preferably represents from 5 to 40% by weight approximately, and preferably from 10 to 25% by weight approximately, relative to the total weight of the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant composition does not comprise water other than that optionally used in the presence of the first alkali silicate, and optionally of the second alkali silicate, to form the aforementioned basic aqueous solution.
- the fire resistant and / or retardant composition may further comprise inorganic fibers.
- the inorganic fibers preferably represent from 0.5 to 5% by weight approximately, and preferably from 1.0 to 3.0% by weight approximately, relative to the total weight of the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition.
- the inorganic fibers can be selected from basalt fibers, and alumina fibers.
- the inorganic fibers Thanks to the inorganic fibers, a fire resistant and / or retardant layer is obtained having good integrity during its exposure to the flame.
- the addition of inorganic fibers increases the viscosity of the composition during its preparation, thus ensuring good deposit during the extrusion phase.
- the fire resistant and / or retardant composition may further comprise zinc borate.
- the zinc borate preferably represents from 0.5 to 10% by weight approximately, and preferably from 1.0 to 5% by weight approximately, relative to the total weight of the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition.
- a fire resistant and / or retardant layer is obtained with improved fire resistance.
- a low temperature glassy structure can be formed during a fire.
- the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition may further comprise one or more additives chosen from:
- an additive with a polymer structure in powder form, in particular chosen from polyolefin fibers such as polypropylene or polyethylene fibers (eg high density polyethylene (HDPE) fibers), aramids, and technical glass fibers coated with silicone or an organic polymer of polyethylene type; a styrene-butadiene copolymer (SBR); a styrene-butadiene-ethylene (EBS) copolymer; all derivatives of styrene-ethylene copolymers, in particular those marketed by Kraton such as a styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) copolymer, a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) copolymer, a styrene-isoprene copolymer -styrene (SIS), a styrene-propylene-ethylene copolymer (EPS) or
- an agent delaying setting in mass in particular chosen from ammonium, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, borax, lignosulphonates and in particular metal salts of calcium lignosulphonates, celluloses such as carboxymethyl hydroethyl cellulose, sulfoalkylated lignins such as, for example, sulfomethylated lignin, hydroxycarboxylic acids, copolymers of salts of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid and acrylic acid or maleic acid, and saturated salts, and
- the dye is preferably a liquid dye at room temperature (Le. At 18-25 ° C).
- the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition may comprise from 0.01 to 15% by weight approximately of additive (s), and preferably from 0.5 to 8% by weight approximately of additive (s), relative to to the total weight of the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant composition of the invention preferably does not use alkaline activation of an aluminosilicate by an alkali metal hydroxide and / or an alkali metal silicate or of reaction between the aforementioned compounds, for example to form a geopolymer, in particular by polycondensation.
- the phyllosilicate and the alkali silicate do not together by polycondensation form a geopolymer.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant composition of the invention therefore does not include polymers of the poly-sialate or poly-siloxosialate type.
- the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition of the invention is preferably in the form of a mastic or a plastic paste, in particular by virtue of the combination of the various ingredients present in the composition.
- This form of mastic or plastic paste type thus makes it possible to facilitate the handling of the composition, and in particular to easily extrude it around a cable or a cable accessory.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant composition has a viscosity of at least approximately 1000 Pa.s, particularly preferably of at least approximately 2000 Pa.s, and more particularly preferred ranging from 3000 to 10000 Pa.s approximately, at 25 ° C, and with a shear rate of at most 3000 s -1 .
- the viscosity is measured using a capillary rheometer, for example at a temperature ranging from 25 ° C to 80 ° C, and in particular with a shear rate ranging from 6 to 5000 s 1 , and preferably ranging from 10 to 1000 s 1 .
- the second subject of the invention is a process for preparing a fire-resistant and / or retardant composition as defined in the first subject of the invention, characterized in that it comprises at least one step i) of mixing starch, starch plasticizer, phyllosilicate, and first alkali silicate.
- Step i) preferably comprises the following sub-steps: iO) mixing the constituents in liquid form, such as the plasticizer of the starch, the first alkali silicate in solution, and optionally the second alkali silicate in solution s' there is, to form a liquid composition, i 1) mixing the solid constituents, such as phyllosilicate, zinc borate if it exists, and starch, to form a solid composition, i2) adding the liquid composition in a planetary mixer type mixer, 13) possibly adding inorganic fibers if they exist, in the mixer,
- the homogeneous paste thus obtained can then be transferred to a container.
- the third object of the invention is a device chosen from among an energy and / or telecommunications cable, and an accessory for an energy and / or telecommunications cable, characterized in that said cable comprises at least one resistant layer and / or or fire retardant obtained from a fire resistant and / or retardant composition as defined in the first subject of the invention, and said accessory is coated with a fire resistant and / or retardant layer obtained from a fire-resistant and / or retardant composition as defined in the first subject of the invention.
- the cable according to the invention meets at least any one of the following fire performance standards: EN50200,
- the cable according to the invention satisfies standard EN 50399 (2012/02 + A1 2016), in particular the classification criteria B2ca, sl a, dO, a1 of said standard.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant layer of the cable of the invention is preferably an extruded layer.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant layer preferably has a substantially constant thickness and in particular constitutes a continuous protective envelope.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant layer preferably has a thickness ranging from approximately 0.2 to 3 mm, particularly preferably from 0.5 to 1.9, and more particularly preferably from 0.7 to 1, About 2 mm.
- the thermal protection of the cable of the invention is not sufficient.
- the fire resistant and / or retardant layer of the invention is preferably non-porous.
- the cable according to the invention is easily and simply manufactured and has good mechanical properties, in particular in terms of flexibility and durability, while ensuring good properties. fire resistance.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant layer is sufficiently flexible to allow handling of the cable (eg winding, folding, twisting) without, however, causing crippling damage to said layer which would have the consequence of reducing its cohesion and its fire resistance.
- the fire-resistant and / or retardant layer is transformed under the effect of a high temperature, in particular a temperature ranging from 450 ° C to 1000 ° C, generally reached during a fire, to form a cohesive residual layer which protects the cable, and in particular the underlying layers and / or the elongated conductive element.
- the fire resistant and / or retardant layer is preferably an internal layer of said cable.
- the term "inner layer” is understood to mean a layer which does not constitute the outermost layer of the cable.
- Said power and / or telecommunications cable preferably comprises at least one elongated conductive element.
- the fire resistant and / or retardant layer as defined in the invention can surround said elongated conductive element.
- the cable is an electric cable.
- the electric cable may include at least one elongated electrically conductive element and at least one fire resistant and / or retardant layer as defined in the invention, said fire resistant and / or retardant layer surrounding said elongated electrically conductive element.
- the electrical cable comprises a plurality of elongated electrically conductive elements, and the fire resistant and / or fire retardant layer may then surround the plurality of elongate electrically conductive elements of the cable.
- the elongated electrically conductive elements of the plurality of elongated electrically conductive elements are individually insulated with an electrically insulating layer, for example based on a polyolefin, preferably crosslinked, such as crosslinked polyethylene.
- the electric cable may comprise a single fire resistant and / or retardant layer as defined in the invention or a plurality of fire resistant and / or retardant layers as defined in the invention, particularly preferably a single resistant layer. and / or fire retardant, and more particularly preferably a single internal layer resistant and / or fire retardant.
- the electric cable may comprise, according to a first variant, one or more elongated electrically conductive elements and the plurality of resistant and / or retardant layers. fire surrounds the elongated electrically conductive member or the plurality of elongate electrically conductive members.
- the electric cable may comprise two fire resistant and / or retardant layers as defined in the invention, said fire resistant and / or retardant layers preferably being adjacent.
- the electric cable may comprise according to a second variant a plurality of elongated electrically conductive elements and each of the resistant and / or retardant layers fire individually surrounds each of the elongated electrically conductive elements to form insulated elongate electrically conductive elements.
- the first variant is preferred.
- the energy and / or telecommunications cable of the invention may further comprise an outer protective sheath, in particular electrically insulating, surrounding the fire-resistant and / or retardant layer (s).
- the fire resistant and / or retardant layer can then be a layer interposed between the elongated conductive element and the outer protective sheath.
- the protective outer sheath is preferably made of a halogen-free material. It can be produced conventionally from materials which retard the propagation of the flame or resist the propagation of the flame. In particular, if the latter do not contain halogen, we speak of HFFR type sheathing (for the anglicism "Halogen Free Flame Retardant").
- the outer protective sheath represents the outermost layer of the cable. It ensures the mechanical integrity of the cable.
- It comprises at least one organic or inorganic polymer.
- organic or inorganic polymer is not limiting and these are well known to those skilled in the art.
- the organic or inorganic polymer is chosen from crosslinked and non-crosslinked polymers.
- the organic or inorganic polymer can be a homo- or a co-polymer having thermoplastic and / or elastomeric properties.
- the inorganic polymers can be polyorganosiloxanes.
- the organic polymers can be polyurethanes or polyolefins.
- Polyolefins can be selected from polymers of ethylene and propylene.
- ethylene polymers such as linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), medium density polyethylene (MDPE), high density polyethylene (HDPE), copolymers of 'ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA), copolymers of ethylene and butyl acrylate (EBA), methyl acrylate (EMA), 2-hexylethyl acrylate (2HEA), ethylene copolymers and alpha-olefins such as for example polyethylene-octene (PEO), copolymers of ethylene and propylene (EPR), terpolymers of ethylene and propylene (EPT) such as for example ethylene terpolymers propylene diene monomer (EPDM) or a mixture thereof.
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- MDPE medium density polyethylene
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- EVA copolymers of
- the polymer of the outer protective sheath is preferably an organic polymer, more preferably an ethylene polymer, and more preferably a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate, a linear low density polyethylene or a mixture thereof. .
- the protective outer sheath may further include a hydrated flame retardant mineral filler.
- This hydrated flame retardant mineral filler acts mainly physically by decomposing endothermically (e.g. release of water), which has the consequence of lowering the temperature of the sheath and limiting the propagation of flames along the cable.
- endothermically e.g. release of water
- the hydrated flame retardant mineral filler can be a metal hydroxide such as magnesium hydroxide or aluminum trihydroxide.
- the outer protective sheath may further comprise an inert filler, in particular chosen from talc, micas, dehydrated clays and one of their mixtures.
- the accessory in accordance with the invention satisfies at least any one of the following fire performance standards: EN50200, I EC60331 - 1, EN50399, I EC60331 - 11, I EC60331 -21, IEC60331 -23, I EC60331 -25, DIN4102, NBN713020 addendum 3, EN50577, NFC32070 CR1, IEC600332-1 and BS6387CWZ, and preferably at least any one of the standards I EC60331 -11, EN50399, and I EC60331 -21.
- the accessory according to the invention satisfies standard EN 50399 (2012/02 + A1 2016), in particular the classification criteria B2ca, sl a, dO, a1 of said standard .
- the fire resistant and / or fire retardant layer of the accessory is preferably an extruded layer.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant layer preferably has a substantially constant thickness and in particular constitutes a continuous protective envelope.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant layer preferably has a thickness ranging from approximately 0.2 to 3 mm, particularly preferably from 0.5 to 1.9, and more particularly preferably from 0.7 to 1, About 2 mm.
- the thermal protection of the accessory of the invention is not sufficient.
- the fire resistant and / or retardant layer is preferably non-porous.
- the accessory according to the invention is easily and simply manufactured and has good mechanical properties, in particular in terms of flexibility and durability, while guaranteeing good fire resistance properties.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant layer is sufficiently flexible to allow the handling of the accessory (eg winding, folding, twisting) without, however, causing crippling damage to said layer which would have the consequence of reducing its cohesion. and its resistance to fire.
- the fire-resistant and / or retardant layer is transformed under the effect of a high temperature, in particular a temperature ranging from 450 ° C to 1000 ° C, generally reached during a fire, to form a cohesive residual layer which protects the cable accessory, and in particular the underlying layers and / or the elongated conductive element.
- a cable accessory can be a power cabinet, a junction or a termination, and preferably a junction or a power cabinet.
- the fire resistant and / or retardant layer acts as electrical, mechanical and thermal protection for the electric cable accessory. It can surround at least partially, and preferably completely, said accessory.
- It is preferably a layer independent of the accessory. In other words, it can be separated from the cable accessory without causing any mechanical and / or electrical damage to said cable accessory, and in particular without causing any damage to the outermost layer of the cable accessory. .
- the fire resistant and / or retardant layer is preferably not an integral part of the cable accessory as such, thus making it possible to preserve the electrical and / or mechanical integrity of the cable accessory. cable.
- the electrical and mechanical properties of the cable accessory with which the layer is associated remain intact.
- the fire resistant and / or retardant layer may surround the outermost element of the accessory or the outermost layer of the accessory.
- the fire resistant and / or retardant layer is preferably in direct physical contact with the accessory, and in particular with the outermost element or the outermost layer of the accessory.
- the electric cable accessory is preferably intended to surround at least a part or end of an electric cable.
- the accessory preferably comprises at least one semiconductor element and at least one electrically insulating element.
- the semiconductor element is well known for controlling the geometry of the electric field, when the electric cable, intended to be associated with said accessory, is under voltage.
- the accessory can typically be a hollow longitudinal body, such as for example a junction for an electric cable.
- the junction allows in particular to connect two electric cables together, the junction being intended to surround at least part or end of these two electric cables.
- the accessory is an electric cable junction comprising:
- a second semiconductor element in particular surrounding a part or end of the two electric cables.
- the first semiconductor element and the second semiconductor element are preferably separated by the electrically insulating element.
- the junction may further include one or more packing layers surrounding the second semiconductor element.
- the junction may further include a third semiconductor element, in particular surrounding the electrically insulating element.
- the junction may further comprise a layer of a self-amalgamating material surrounding the third semiconductor element, said layer of a self-amalgamating material being preferably surrounded by a copper knit, in particular attached to said layer by means of 'polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tape.
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- the fire resistant and / or retardant layer may surround the second semiconductor element of the junction which is the outermost element of the accessory.
- the fourth subject of the invention is a method of manufacturing a device as defined according to the third subject of the invention, characterized in that it comprises at least the following steps:
- step 1) 1) the preparation of a fire-resistant and / or retardant composition according to a process as defined in the second subject of the invention; and 2) extrusion of the fire-resistant and / or retardant composition prepared in step 1):
- the process according to the invention is quick and simple. It makes it possible to manufacture in a few steps a cable or an accessory with good mechanical properties, in particular in terms of flexibility and durability, while guaranteeing good fire resistance.
- the extrusion can be carried out at room temperature or at hot temperature, in particular at a temperature ranging from 20 ° C to 95 ° C approximately, and preferably from 35 ° C to 75 ° C approximately.
- the method may further comprise before, during or after step 2), an application step 3) an outer protective sheath as defined in the first subject of the invention, in particular electrically insulating, around the fire resistant and / or retardant layer.
- this outer protective sheath can in particular be carried out by extrusion or co-extrusion.
- Step 3) is generally carried out at a temperature ranging from approximately 145 ° C to 220 ° C.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic view of an electric cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the 10A electric cable corresponds to a fire-resistant electric cable of type K25 or RZ1 K.
- This electric cable 10A comprises four elongated electrically conductive elements 100, each being insulated with an electrically insulating layer 200, and, successively and coaxially around these four isolated elongated electrically conductive elements (100, 200), a resistance and / or retardant layer.
- fire 300 as defined in the invention surrounding the four elongated insulated electrically conductive elements (100, 200), and an outer sheath 400 of the HFFR type surrounding the fire resistant and / or retardant layer 300.
- the resistant and / or retardant layer fire 300 is as defined in the invention, and is advantageously in the form of an extruded layer.
- Example 1 preparation of a fire-resistant cable in accordance with the invention
- a fire-resistant and / or retardant composition was prepared as follows: 4000 g of an 84% by weight glycerol solution in water was mixed with 1000 g of a 50% by weight aqueous solution of a first sodium silicate and 1000 g of a 38% by weight aqueous solution of a second sodium silicate, to form a liquid composition.
- the liquid composition was added, followed by 200 g of basalt fibers, then followed by the solid composition, to form a resulting composition.
- the resulting composition was mixed in the blender for 3 minutes until said fire resistant and / or retardant composition was obtained as a homogeneous paste.
- the fire-resistant and / or fire-retardant composition thus obtained was extruded around a cable comprising 5 copper conductors of section 1.5 mm 2 , each of the conductors being surrounded with an electrically insulating layer based on XLPE. At the end of the extrusion step around the cable, a fire resistant and / or retardant layer surrounding the insulated conductors is obtained.
- the fire resistant and / or fire retardant layer formed has a thickness of 0.7 mm.
- the assembly obtained is then covered by hot extrusion with a polymeric protective sheath based on an HFFR mixture produced by NEXANS based on polyethylene and flame-retardant fillers, said sheath having a thickness of approximately 1.54 mm.
- a 10A cable according to the invention The flame performance of the 1 0A cable is determined according to standard EN50399. 15 sections of cable positioned on a vertical ladder are exposed to a 20kW flame power for 20 min.
- a comparative cable 2 identical to the 1 0A cable except that it does not include a resistant and / or fire retardant layer and that its sheath has a thickness of 1.42 mm was also tested under the same conditions.
- the acronym HRR corresponds to the English expression “Heat Release Rate” which provides information on the heat flow or the thermal flow
- THR corresponds to the English expression “Total Heat Release” which provides information on the quantity of heat released during combustion or total heat release
- SPR corresponds to the English expression “Smoke Production Rate” which provides information on the speed of smoke production
- TSP corresponds to the English expression “Total Smoke Production” which provides information on the total quantity of smoke produced.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP21723328.7A EP4133027A1 (fr) | 2020-04-06 | 2021-04-02 | Composition résistante et/ou retardante au feu |
BR112022020010A BR112022020010A2 (pt) | 2020-04-06 | 2021-04-02 | Composição resistente e/ou retardante ao fogo |
US17/914,276 US20230111479A1 (en) | 2020-04-06 | 2021-04-02 | Fire resistant and/or retardant composition |
CN202180024947.4A CN115335490A (zh) | 2020-04-06 | 2021-04-02 | 耐火和/或阻燃组合物 |
KR1020227033856A KR20220160595A (ko) | 2020-04-06 | 2021-04-02 | 내화성 및/또는 난연성 조성물 |
CONC2022/0015283A CO2022015283A2 (es) | 2020-04-06 | 2022-10-27 | Composición resistente y/o retardante al fuego |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2003436A FR3108913B1 (fr) | 2020-04-06 | 2020-04-06 | Cable comportant une composition résistante et/ou retardante au feu |
FRFR2003436 | 2020-04-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2021205104A1 true WO2021205104A1 (fr) | 2021-10-14 |
Family
ID=70978217
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2021/050589 WO2021205104A1 (fr) | 2020-04-06 | 2021-04-02 | Composition résistante et/ou retardante au feu |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230111479A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4133027A1 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20220160595A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN115335490A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112022020010A2 (fr) |
CL (1) | CL2022002735A1 (fr) |
CO (1) | CO2022015283A2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3108913B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2021205104A1 (fr) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1580386A (zh) * | 2004-05-20 | 2005-02-16 | 赵全玺 | 防腐蚀防火缆索 |
CN2775094Y (zh) * | 2004-05-20 | 2006-04-26 | 赵全玺 | 防腐蚀防火缆索 |
WO2016092200A1 (fr) | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-16 | Nexans | Cable ou accessoire pour cable comportant une couche resistante au feu |
CN109589535A (zh) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-04-09 | 扬州海龙化工助剂有限公司 | 一种高阻燃灭火剂 |
US20190112230A1 (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2019-04-18 | Nexans | Device Comprising a Cable or Cable Accessory Containing a Fire-Resistant Composite Layer |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001061711A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-21 | 2001-08-23 | Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A. | Cable auto-extinguible resistant aux chocs |
FR2837494B1 (fr) * | 2002-03-21 | 2006-06-23 | Cit Alcatel | Composition intumescente non-hallogenee pour gaine de cable de telecommunication |
FR2870543B1 (fr) * | 2004-05-21 | 2006-07-21 | Nexans Sa | Cable resistant au feu |
FR2954331B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-22 | 2012-05-25 | Roquette Freres | Compositions a base de matiere vegetale et de fibres synthetiques et procede de preparation de telles compositiions |
FR3045201B1 (fr) * | 2015-12-11 | 2018-01-19 | Nexans | Cable resistant au feu |
FR3075453B1 (fr) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-12-13 | Nexans | Dispositif comprenant un cable ou un accessoire pour cable contenant une couche composite resistante au feu |
-
2020
- 2020-04-06 FR FR2003436A patent/FR3108913B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-04-02 KR KR1020227033856A patent/KR20220160595A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2021-04-02 US US17/914,276 patent/US20230111479A1/en active Pending
- 2021-04-02 EP EP21723328.7A patent/EP4133027A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-04-02 WO PCT/FR2021/050589 patent/WO2021205104A1/fr unknown
- 2021-04-02 CN CN202180024947.4A patent/CN115335490A/zh active Pending
- 2021-04-02 BR BR112022020010A patent/BR112022020010A2/pt unknown
-
2022
- 2022-10-05 CL CL2022002735A patent/CL2022002735A1/es unknown
- 2022-10-27 CO CONC2022/0015283A patent/CO2022015283A2/es unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1580386A (zh) * | 2004-05-20 | 2005-02-16 | 赵全玺 | 防腐蚀防火缆索 |
CN2775094Y (zh) * | 2004-05-20 | 2006-04-26 | 赵全玺 | 防腐蚀防火缆索 |
WO2016092200A1 (fr) | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-16 | Nexans | Cable ou accessoire pour cable comportant une couche resistante au feu |
US20190112230A1 (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2019-04-18 | Nexans | Device Comprising a Cable or Cable Accessory Containing a Fire-Resistant Composite Layer |
CN109589535A (zh) * | 2017-09-30 | 2019-04-09 | 扬州海龙化工助剂有限公司 | 一种高阻燃灭火剂 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20220160595A (ko) | 2022-12-06 |
CO2022015283A2 (es) | 2023-01-26 |
BR112022020010A2 (pt) | 2022-11-22 |
FR3108913A1 (fr) | 2021-10-08 |
US20230111479A1 (en) | 2023-04-13 |
FR3108913B1 (fr) | 2022-07-29 |
EP4133027A1 (fr) | 2023-02-15 |
CN115335490A (zh) | 2022-11-11 |
CL2022002735A1 (es) | 2023-08-25 |
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