WO2021197308A1 - Offshore wind power hydrogen production system and method based on electro-adsorption desalination technology - Google Patents

Offshore wind power hydrogen production system and method based on electro-adsorption desalination technology Download PDF

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WO2021197308A1
WO2021197308A1 PCT/CN2021/083894 CN2021083894W WO2021197308A1 WO 2021197308 A1 WO2021197308 A1 WO 2021197308A1 CN 2021083894 W CN2021083894 W CN 2021083894W WO 2021197308 A1 WO2021197308 A1 WO 2021197308A1
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hydrogen production
storage tank
offshore wind
oxygen
outlet
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PCT/CN2021/083894
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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任志博
余智勇
张畅
郜时旺
刘练波
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中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2021197308A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021197308A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C25B15/087—Recycling of electrolyte to electrochemical cell
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/4604—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods for desalination of seawater or brackish water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
    • C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C25B15/083—Separating products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/19—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing chemical energy, e.g. using electrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
    • C02F2001/46138—Electrodes comprising a substrate and a coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109—Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46133—Electrodes characterised by the material
    • C02F2001/46138—Electrodes comprising a substrate and a coating
    • C02F2001/46142—Catalytic coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower or fuel cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C25B9/23—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/61—Application for hydrogen and/or oxygen production
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of hydrogen energy, and relates to an offshore wind power hydrogen production system and method based on an electric adsorption desalination technology.
  • Electrosorption technology can adsorb and separate ions in seawater under the action of electric field force to obtain product water with lower concentration.
  • the treatment process has almost no requirements for the quality of the raw water, and the stability of the cycle operation is good, and the low-energy seawater desalination can be achieved under the condition of applying a lower applied voltage.
  • the use of diluted seawater after electrosorption desalination as a raw material for hydrogen production by electrolysis can effectively solve the above-mentioned technical problems of direct electrolysis of seawater for hydrogen production.
  • the hydrogen production technology of wind power is mainly used for the abandonment and consumption of onshore wind power plants. Due to the problem of pure water replenishment, hydrogen production technology for hydrogen storage of offshore wind farms has not been reported so far. Therefore, the field needs to develop an offshore wind power hydrogen production system and method based on electrosorption desalination technology, which combines seawater desalination and electrolysis hydrogen production to realize the offshore on-site consumption of renewable wind power.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide an offshore wind power hydrogen production system and method based on electrosorption desalination technology.
  • the system and method can combine seawater desalination and electrolysis hydrogen production to achieve renewable wind power generation Dissipate on-site offshore.
  • the offshore wind power hydrogen production system based on electrosorption desalination technology of the present invention includes offshore wind farms, power distributors, power grids, AC/DC rectifiers, electrolysis hydrogen production devices, hydrogen separators, and hydrogen storage tanks. , Oxygen separator, oxygen storage tank, drainage storage tank, sea water input pipeline, electric adsorption desalination device and water supplement storage tank;
  • the output end of the offshore wind farm is connected to the input end of the power distributor, the output end of the power distributor is connected to the grid and the input end of the AC/DC rectifier, and the output end of the AC/DC rectifier is connected to the power source of the electrolysis hydrogen production device
  • the interface is connected, the hydrogen outlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected to the hydrogen storage tank through the hydrogen separator, the oxygen outlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected to the inlet of the oxygen separator, and the oxygen outlet of the oxygen separator is connected to the oxygen storage tank ,
  • the outlet of the oxygen separator is connected with the inlet of the drainage storage tank, the outlet of the drainage storage tank and the seawater input pipeline are connected with the inlet of the electro-absorption desalination device, and the outlet of the electro-absorption desalination device is connected with the inlet of the make-up storage tank,
  • the outlet of the make-up water storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device.
  • It also includes a cooler and a circulating pump, wherein the inlet of the circulating pump is connected with the water outlet of the oxygen separator, and the outlet of the circulating pump is connected with the water inlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device through the cooler.
  • the electrolysis hydrogen production device is an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer.
  • the diaphragm in the electrolysis hydrogen production device is an OH - selective exchange membrane containing quaternary ammonium, imidazole or pyridine;
  • the anode and cathode in the electrolysis hydrogen production device are made of titanium mesh and titanium corrugated plate , Foamed nickel or foamed copper as the base, and active coating is introduced on the surface;
  • the cathode, diaphragm and anode are in close contact to form a zero-spacing electrolytic cell structure.
  • the electrode in the electro-absorption desalination device is plate-shaped or felt-shaped, and the surface of the electrode is covered with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh cloth.
  • the material of the electrode is one or a combination of activated carbon, carbon fiber and carbon nanotube.
  • the method for producing hydrogen from offshore wind power based on the electrosorption desalination technology of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • Offshore wind farms generate real-time power.
  • the electricity generated by the offshore wind farms is less than or equal to the dispatched electricity of the grid
  • all the electricity output by the offshore wind farms are transmitted to the grid through the power distributor.
  • the electricity generated by the offshore wind farms is greater than that of the grid
  • the electrolysis hydrogen production device electrolyzes the water to produce hydrogen and oxygen.
  • hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage system for storage
  • hydrogen enters the hydrogen separator for separation.
  • the separated oxygen enters the oxygen storage tank
  • the separated water enters the drainage storage tank, and the seawater input pipeline is output.
  • the seawater and the water output from the drainage storage tank are merged into the electrolytic hydrogen production unit for electrolytic desalination.
  • the diluted seawater after the electrolytic desalination treatment enters the make-up storage tank, and the diluted seawater output from the make-up storage tank enters the electrolysis hydrogen production device. middle.
  • the electricity generated by the offshore wind power farm will deliver the excess electricity to the electrolysis via the AC/DC rectifier under the premise of satisfying the grid dispatching
  • the electrolysis hydrogen production device electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, realizes the offshore on-site consumption of renewable wind power, and solves the problem of the abandonment of wind and electricity in offshore wind farms.
  • the seawater output from the seawater input pipeline enters the electrolytic hydrogen production device for electrolytic desalination treatment, and the diluted seawater after the electrolytic desalination treatment enters the electrolytic hydrogen production device to realize the combination of seawater desalination and electrolysis hydrogen production, avoiding traditional electrolytic hydrogen production.
  • the dependence on pure water saves the investment in the seawater desalination part of the traditional hydrogen production process, and greatly reduces the fixed investment in offshore wind power hydrogen production projects.
  • the present invention uses electro-absorption desalination technology to reduce the concentration of Cl- in the seawater in the hydrogen production system, which is beneficial to inhibit the corrosion of the catalyst and the electrode plate, prolong the service life of the hydrogen production system, and effectively remove Ca 2 in the seawater. + And Mg 2+ , prevent hardness ions from depositing on the electrode surface, which can significantly reduce the energy consumption and cost of hydrogen production.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • 1 is an offshore wind farm
  • 2 is a power distributor
  • 3 is a power grid
  • 4 is an AC/DC rectifier
  • 5 is an electrolysis hydrogen production device
  • 6 is a hydrogen separator
  • 7 is a hydrogen storage tank
  • 8 is an oxygen separator
  • 9 is an oxygen storage tank
  • 10 is a circulating pump
  • 11 is a cooler
  • 12 is a drainage storage tank
  • 13 is an electro-absorption desalination device
  • 14 is a make-up storage tank.
  • the offshore wind power hydrogen production system based on electrosorption desalination technology of the present invention includes offshore wind farm 1, power distributor 2, power grid 3, AC/DC rectifier 4, electrolysis hydrogen production device 5, and hydrogen separator 6.
  • the input end of the power splitter 2 is connected to the power grid 3 and the input end of the AC/DC rectifier 4, and the output end of the AC/DC rectifier 4 is connected to the power interface of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5.
  • the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen device 5 is connected to the hydrogen storage tank 7 through the hydrogen separator 6, the oxygen outlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 is connected to the inlet of the oxygen separator 8, and the oxygen outlet of the oxygen separator 8 is connected to the oxygen storage tank 9.
  • the outlet of the oxygen separator 8 is connected to the inlet of the drainage storage tank 12
  • the outlet of the drainage storage tank 12 and the seawater input pipeline are connected to the inlet of the electro-absorption desalination device 13
  • the outlet of the electro-absorption desalination device 13 is connected to the make-up water storage tank.
  • the inlet of the tank 14 is in communication, and the outlet of the make-up water storage tank 14 is in communication with the inlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5.
  • the present invention also includes a cooler 11 and a circulating pump 10, wherein the inlet of the circulating pump 10 is connected to the water outlet of the oxygen separator 8, and the outlet of the circulating pump 10 is connected to the water inlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 through the cooler 11 .
  • the method for producing hydrogen from offshore wind power based on the electrosorption desalination technology of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the offshore wind farm 1 generates real-time power.
  • the electricity generated by the offshore wind farm 1 is less than or equal to the dispatched electricity of the power grid 3
  • all the electricity output by the offshore wind farm 1 is transmitted to the power grid 3 through the power distributor 2.
  • the electricity generated by 1 is greater than the dispatched power of the power grid 3
  • the electricity generated by the offshore wind farm 1 will be delivered to the electrolysis hydrogen production device through the power distributor 2 and the AC/DC rectifier 4 on the premise that the electricity generated by the offshore wind farm 1 meets the dispatch of the power grid 3 In 5
  • the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen and oxygen.
  • the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage system for storage, and the hydrogen enters the hydrogen separator 6 for separation, and the separated oxygen enters the oxygen storage tank 9 ,
  • the separated water enters the drainage storage tank 12, the seawater output from the seawater input pipeline and the water output from the drainage storage tank 12 merge and enters the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 for electrolytic desalination, and the diluted seawater after the electrolytic desalination enters
  • the make-up water storage tank 14 the diluted seawater output from the make-up water storage tank 14 enters the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5.
  • the electro-adsorption desalination device 13 desalinates seawater, and the diluted seawater obtained is stored in the make-up storage tank 14 as the raw water source of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5.
  • the system automatically controls the seawater supplementation and discharge according to the conductivity of the circulating seawater. When the conductivity of the circulating seawater passing through the electrolytic cell is higher than the set value, the system starts to drain to the drainage storage tank 12, and then the diluted seawater is replenished into the system from the make-up storage tank 14; when the conductivity of the circulating seawater passing through the electrolytic cell When it is lower than the set value, stop water supply.
  • the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 is an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer.
  • the diaphragm in the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 is an OH - selective exchange membrane containing quaternary ammonium, imidazole and pyridine;
  • the anode and cathode in the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 are made of titanium mesh, Titanium corrugated board, foamed nickel or foamed copper are used as the substrate, and active coating is introduced on the surface;
  • the cathode, diaphragm and anode are in close contact to form a zero-spacing electrolytic cell structure.
  • the electrode in the electro-absorption desalination device 13 is plate-shaped or felt-shaped, and the surface of the electrode is covered with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh cloth.
  • the material of the electrode is one or a combination of activated carbon, carbon fiber and carbon nanotube.
  • the electrode surface is covered with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh cloth to increase the turbulence of the seawater and promote the accumulation of ions in the electric double layer of the electrode surface.
  • the seawater flows between the cathode plate and the anode plate, and Cl - accumulates on the anode surface under the action of an electric field.
  • Na + , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ gather on the surface of the cathode to achieve seawater desalination and obtain diluted seawater with significantly reduced ion concentration and conductivity.
  • the concentration of Cl- in the seawater is reduced, which is beneficial to the corrosion of the electrolytic cell; Mg 2+ ,
  • the decrease in the concentration of Ca 2+ is beneficial to inhibit the formation of deposits on the electrode surface and improve the efficiency of electrolysis.
  • the electric adsorption desalination device 13 has two working states during operation: adsorption desalination and desorption sewage; when the removal rate is higher than the set value, the device maintains the working state of adsorption desalination; when the removal rate is lower than the set value, it stops Power is supplied to the electrode to perform desorption and discharge; the desorption and discharge time is a fixed value, after the discharge is completed, the electrode plates are continued to be energized, and the electro-absorption desalination device 13 returns to the working state of adsorption and desalination.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed are an offshore wind power hydrogen production system and method based on electro-adsorption desalination technology. An output end of an offshore wind power plant (1) is connected to an input end of a power divider (2), an output end of the power divider (2) is connected to input ends of a power grid (3) and an AC/DC rectifier (4), an output end of the AC/DC rectifier (4) is connected to a power interface of an electrolytic hydrogen production device (5), a hydrogen outlet of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (5) is in communication with a hydrogen storage system, an oxygen outlet of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (5) is in communication with an inlet of an oxygen separator (8), an oxygen outlet of the oxygen separator (8) is in communication with an oxygen storage tank (9), a water outlet of the oxygen separator (8) is in communication with an inlet of a water drainage storage tank (12), an outlet of the water drainage storage tank (12) and a seawater input pipeline are in communication with an inlet of an electro-adsorption desalination device (13), an outlet of the electro-adsorption desalination device (13) is in communication with an inlet of a water replenishing storage tank (14), and an outlet of the water replenishing storage tank (14) is in communication with an inlet of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (5). By means of the system and method, seawater desalination can be combined with electrolytic hydrogen production to realize offshore and on-site consumption of renewable wind power.

Description

一种基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢系统及方法Offshore wind power hydrogen production system and method based on electric adsorption desalination technology 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于氢能源领域，涉及一种基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢系统及方法。The invention belongs to the field of hydrogen energy, and relates to an offshore wind power hydrogen production system and method based on an electric adsorption desalination technology.
背景技术Background technique
随着气候变化、全球变暖问题日益加重，世界各国都开始积极减少碳排放、降低化石能源使用比例，发展清洁、可再生能源。我国同样加快了能源结构转型的步伐，近年来以风电和光伏为主的可再生能源发电发展迅猛。由于陆上优质风电场的日益减少，中国的海上风电发展逐步进入“加速期”。然而迅猛发展的背后也会伴随着各国海上风电产业面临的同样窘境，滞后的电网建设速度无法满足迅速扩张的电力外送需求，最终将会导致大规模弃风、弃电现象的出现。通过改变外送并网的单一应用模式，通过海上风电与高载能产业直接耦合，将并网与储能结合能够有效解决上述难题。其中氢能具有清洁高效的特点，被认为是未来最有潜力的能源载体。海上风电制氢能够就地消纳弃风、弃电，平衡电网中电力供需关系，为海上风电发展提供了可行的思路。With climate change and global warming issues becoming more and more serious, countries around the world have begun to actively reduce carbon emissions, reduce the proportion of fossil energy use, and develop clean and renewable energy. my country has also accelerated the pace of energy structure transformation. In recent years, renewable energy power generation based on wind power and photovoltaics has developed rapidly. Due to the decreasing number of high-quality onshore wind farms, China's offshore wind power development has gradually entered an "accelerated period." However, behind the rapid development will also be accompanied by the same dilemma faced by the offshore wind power industry in various countries. The lagging power grid construction speed cannot meet the rapidly expanding power transmission demand, which will eventually lead to large-scale wind and power abandonment. By changing the single application mode of external transmission and grid connection, by directly coupling offshore wind power and high-load energy industries, combining grid connection and energy storage can effectively solve the above problems. Among them, hydrogen energy is clean and efficient, and is considered to be the most potential energy carrier in the future. Hydrogen production from offshore wind power can absorb wind and power on the spot, balance the power supply and demand in the grid, and provide feasible ideas for the development of offshore wind power.
目前商业化电解制氢技术包括碱性电解水制氢和质子交换膜电解水制氢，两种技术都需要以纯水作为电解原料。离岸海上风电场缺乏纯水供应，限制了电解制氢技术的应用。反渗透、电渗析等海水淡化能够就地生产纯水，但其高昂的设备投资和复杂的工艺流程将会大幅增加制氢成本，削弱氢储能的经济效益。直接电解海水制氢技术可以有效规避纯水供应难题，但海水中含有高浓的Cl -、Mg 2+、Ca 2+会导致严重的制氢设备腐蚀和效率衰减问题。电吸附技术能够在电场力的作用下将海水中的离子吸附分离出来，而得到浓度较低的产品水。处理过程对原水品质近乎没有要求，循环运行的稳定性好，在施加较低外加电压条件下就能实现低能耗海水脱盐。采用经电吸附脱盐后的稀释海水作为电解制氢的原料，能够有效解决上述直接电解海水制氢的技术问题。 At present, commercial electrolysis hydrogen production technologies include alkaline electrolysis of water and proton exchange membrane electrolysis of water. Both technologies require pure water as the raw material for electrolysis. The lack of pure water supply in offshore wind farms limits the application of electrolysis hydrogen production technology. Seawater desalination such as reverse osmosis and electrodialysis can produce pure water on-site, but its high equipment investment and complex process will greatly increase the cost of hydrogen production and weaken the economic benefits of hydrogen storage. Direct sea water electrolysis hydrogen production technology can effectively circumvent the problem of water supply, but the water contains a high concentration of Cl -, Mg 2+, Ca 2+ can cause serious equipment corrosion and hydrogen production efficiency attenuation problem. Electrosorption technology can adsorb and separate ions in seawater under the action of electric field force to obtain product water with lower concentration. The treatment process has almost no requirements for the quality of the raw water, and the stability of the cycle operation is good, and the low-energy seawater desalination can be achieved under the condition of applying a lower applied voltage. The use of diluted seawater after electrosorption desalination as a raw material for hydrogen production by electrolysis can effectively solve the above-mentioned technical problems of direct electrolysis of seawater for hydrogen production.
目前风电制氢技术主要用于陆上风电厂弃风消纳，受限于纯水补给问题，针对海上风电场氢储能的制氢技术至今尚未见报道。因此，本领域需要开发一种基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢系统和方法，将海水脱盐和电解制氢相结合实现可再生风电的离岸就地消纳。At present, the hydrogen production technology of wind power is mainly used for the abandonment and consumption of onshore wind power plants. Due to the problem of pure water replenishment, hydrogen production technology for hydrogen storage of offshore wind farms has not been reported so far. Therefore, the field needs to develop an offshore wind power hydrogen production system and method based on electrosorption desalination technology, which combines seawater desalination and electrolysis hydrogen production to realize the offshore on-site consumption of renewable wind power.
技术解决方案Technical solutions
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点，提供了一种基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢系统及方法，该系统及方法能够将海水脱盐与电解制氢相结合实现可再生风电的离岸就地消纳。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide an offshore wind power hydrogen production system and method based on electrosorption desalination technology. The system and method can combine seawater desalination and electrolysis hydrogen production to achieve renewable wind power generation Dissipate on-site offshore.
为达到上述目的，本发明所述的基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢系统包括海上风力发电场、功率分配器、电网、AC/DC整流器、电解制氢装置、氢气分离器、氢气储罐、氧气分离器、氧气储罐、排水储罐、海水输入管道、电吸附脱盐装置及补水储罐；In order to achieve the above objectives, the offshore wind power hydrogen production system based on electrosorption desalination technology of the present invention includes offshore wind farms, power distributors, power grids, AC/DC rectifiers, electrolysis hydrogen production devices, hydrogen separators, and hydrogen storage tanks. , Oxygen separator, oxygen storage tank, drainage storage tank, sea water input pipeline, electric adsorption desalination device and water supplement storage tank;
海上风力发电场的输出端与功率分配器的输入端相连接，功率分配器的输出端与电网及AC/DC整流器的输入端相连接，AC/DC整流器的输出端与电解制氢装置的电源接口相连接，电解制氢装置的氢气出口经氢气分离器与氢气储罐相连通，电解制氢装置的氧气出口与氧气分离器的入口相连通，氧气分离器的氧气出口与氧气储罐相连通，氧气分离器的出水口与排水储罐的入口相连通，排水储罐的出口及海水输入管道与电吸附脱盐装置的入口相连通，电吸附脱盐装置的出口与补水储罐的入口相连通，补水储罐的出口与电解制氢装置的入口相连通。The output end of the offshore wind farm is connected to the input end of the power distributor, the output end of the power distributor is connected to the grid and the input end of the AC/DC rectifier, and the output end of the AC/DC rectifier is connected to the power source of the electrolysis hydrogen production device The interface is connected, the hydrogen outlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected to the hydrogen storage tank through the hydrogen separator, the oxygen outlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected to the inlet of the oxygen separator, and the oxygen outlet of the oxygen separator is connected to the oxygen storage tank , The outlet of the oxygen separator is connected with the inlet of the drainage storage tank, the outlet of the drainage storage tank and the seawater input pipeline are connected with the inlet of the electro-absorption desalination device, and the outlet of the electro-absorption desalination device is connected with the inlet of the make-up storage tank, The outlet of the make-up water storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device.
还包括冷却器及循环泵，其中，循环泵的入口与氧气分离器的出水口相连通，循环泵的出口经冷却器与电解制氢装置的入水口相连通。It also includes a cooler and a circulating pump, wherein the inlet of the circulating pump is connected with the water outlet of the oxygen separator, and the outlet of the circulating pump is connected with the water inlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device through the cooler.
电解制氢装置为阴离子交换膜电解槽，电解制氢装置中的隔膜为包含季铵、咪唑或吡啶的OH -选择性交换膜；电解制氢装置中的阳极及阴极以钛网、钛波纹板、泡沫镍或泡沫铜为基底，表面引入活性涂层；阴极、隔膜及阳极紧密接触形成零间距电解槽结构。 The electrolysis hydrogen production device is an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer. The diaphragm in the electrolysis hydrogen production device is an OH - selective exchange membrane containing quaternary ammonium, imidazole or pyridine; the anode and cathode in the electrolysis hydrogen production device are made of titanium mesh and titanium corrugated plate , Foamed nickel or foamed copper as the base, and active coating is introduced on the surface; the cathode, diaphragm and anode are in close contact to form a zero-spacing electrolytic cell structure.
电吸附脱盐装置内的电极为板状或毡状，电极的表面铺覆聚四氟乙烯网布，电极的材质为活性炭、碳纤维及碳纳米管中的一种或者几种复合而成。The electrode in the electro-absorption desalination device is plate-shaped or felt-shaped, and the surface of the electrode is covered with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh cloth. The material of the electrode is one or a combination of activated carbon, carbon fiber and carbon nanotube.
本发明所述的基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢方法包括以下步骤：The method for producing hydrogen from offshore wind power based on the electrosorption desalination technology of the present invention includes the following steps:
海上风力发电场实时发电，当海上风力发电场产生的电量小于等于电网的调度电量时，海上风力发电场输出的电经功率分配器全部输送给电网，当海上风力发电场产生的电量大于电网的调度电量时，海上风力发电场产生的电在满足电网调度的前提下，将多余的电经功率分配器及AC/DC整流器输送给电解制氢装置中，电解制氢装置电解水产生氢气和氧气，其中，氢气进入到储氢系统中储存，氢气进入到氢气分离器中进行分离，其中，分离出来的氧气进入到氧气储罐中，分离出来的水进入到排水储罐中，海水输入管道输出的海水及排水储罐输出的水汇流后进入到电解制氢装置中进行电解脱盐处理，电解脱盐处理后的稀释海水进入到补水储罐中，补水储罐输出的稀释海水进入到电解制氢装置中。Offshore wind farms generate real-time power. When the electricity generated by the offshore wind farms is less than or equal to the dispatched electricity of the grid, all the electricity output by the offshore wind farms are transmitted to the grid through the power distributor. When the electricity generated by the offshore wind farms is greater than that of the grid When dispatching electricity, the electricity generated by the offshore wind power plant meets the power grid dispatch, and the excess electricity is sent to the electrolysis hydrogen production device through the power distributor and AC/DC rectifier. The electrolysis hydrogen production device electrolyzes the water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. , Among them, hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage system for storage, and hydrogen enters the hydrogen separator for separation. Among them, the separated oxygen enters the oxygen storage tank, the separated water enters the drainage storage tank, and the seawater input pipeline is output. The seawater and the water output from the drainage storage tank are merged into the electrolytic hydrogen production unit for electrolytic desalination. The diluted seawater after the electrolytic desalination treatment enters the make-up storage tank, and the diluted seawater output from the make-up storage tank enters the electrolysis hydrogen production device. middle.
有益效果Beneficial effect
本发明具有以下有益效果：The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明所述的基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢系统及方法在具体操作时，海上风力发电场产生的电量在满足电网调度的前提下，将多余的电经AC/DC整流器输送给电解制氢装置中，通过电解制氢装置电解水产生氢气和氧气，实现可再生风电的离岸就地消纳，解决海上风电场弃风、弃电的消纳问题。另外，海水输入管道输出的海水进入到电解制氢装置中进行电解脱盐处理，电解脱盐处理后的稀释海水进入到电解制氢装置中，实现海水脱盐与电解制氢相结合，避免传统电解制氢对纯水的依赖，节省传统制氢工艺中海水淡化部分的投资，极大降低海上风电制氢项目的固定投资。另外，需要说明的是，本发明采用电吸附脱盐技术，降低制氢系统内海水中Cl -浓度，有利于抑制催化剂及极板的腐蚀，延长制氢系统使用寿命，同时有效去除海水中的Ca 2+及Mg 2+，防止硬度离子在电极表面沉积，能够显著降低制氢能耗和成本。 During the specific operation of the offshore wind power hydrogen production system and method based on the electro-absorption desalination technology of the present invention, the electricity generated by the offshore wind power farm will deliver the excess electricity to the electrolysis via the AC/DC rectifier under the premise of satisfying the grid dispatching In the hydrogen production device, the electrolysis hydrogen production device electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, realizes the offshore on-site consumption of renewable wind power, and solves the problem of the abandonment of wind and electricity in offshore wind farms. In addition, the seawater output from the seawater input pipeline enters the electrolytic hydrogen production device for electrolytic desalination treatment, and the diluted seawater after the electrolytic desalination treatment enters the electrolytic hydrogen production device to realize the combination of seawater desalination and electrolysis hydrogen production, avoiding traditional electrolytic hydrogen production. The dependence on pure water saves the investment in the seawater desalination part of the traditional hydrogen production process, and greatly reduces the fixed investment in offshore wind power hydrogen production projects. In addition, it should be noted that the present invention uses electro-absorption desalination technology to reduce the concentration of Cl- in the seawater in the hydrogen production system, which is beneficial to inhibit the corrosion of the catalyst and the electrode plate, prolong the service life of the hydrogen production system, and effectively remove Ca 2 in the seawater. + And Mg 2+ , prevent hardness ions from depositing on the electrode surface, which can significantly reduce the energy consumption and cost of hydrogen production.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明的原理图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
其中，1为海上风力发电场、2为功率分配器、3为电网、4为AC/DC整流器、5为电解制氢装置、6为氢气分离器、7为氢气储罐、8为氧气分离器、9为氧气储罐、10为循环泵、11为冷却器、12为排水储罐、13为电吸附脱盐装置、14为补水储罐。Among them, 1 is an offshore wind farm, 2 is a power distributor, 3 is a power grid, 4 is an AC/DC rectifier, 5 is an electrolysis hydrogen production device, 6 is a hydrogen separator, 7 is a hydrogen storage tank, and 8 is an oxygen separator , 9 is an oxygen storage tank, 10 is a circulating pump, 11 is a cooler, 12 is a drainage storage tank, 13 is an electro-absorption desalination device, and 14 is a make-up storage tank.
本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the present invention
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细描述：The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
参考图1，本发明所述的基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢系统包括海上风力发电场1、功率分配器2、电网3、AC/DC整流器4、电解制氢装置5、氢气分离器6、氢气储罐7、氧气分离器8、氧气储罐9、排水储罐12、海水输入管道、电吸附脱盐装置13及补水储罐14；海上风力发电场1的输出端与功率分配器2的输入端相连接，功率分配器2的输出端与电网3及AC/DC整流器4的输入端相连接，AC/DC整流器4的输出端与电解制氢装置5的电源接口相连接，电解制氢装置5的氢气出口经氢气分离器6与氢气储罐7相连通，电解制氢装置5的氧气出口与氧气分离器8的入口相连通，氧气分离器8的氧气出口与氧气储罐9相连通，氧气分离器8的出水口与排水储罐12的入口相连通，排水储罐12的出口及海水输入管道与电吸附脱盐装置13的入口相连通，电吸附脱盐装置13的出口与补水储罐14的入口相连通，补水储罐14的出口与电解制氢装置5的入口相连通。1, the offshore wind power hydrogen production system based on electrosorption desalination technology of the present invention includes offshore wind farm 1, power distributor 2, power grid 3, AC/DC rectifier 4, electrolysis hydrogen production device 5, and hydrogen separator 6. Hydrogen storage tank 7, oxygen separator 8, oxygen storage tank 9, drainage storage tank 12, sea water input pipeline, electro-absorption desalination device 13, and water supplement storage tank 14; the output end and power distributor 2 of offshore wind farm 1 The input end of the power splitter 2 is connected to the power grid 3 and the input end of the AC/DC rectifier 4, and the output end of the AC/DC rectifier 4 is connected to the power interface of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5. The hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen device 5 is connected to the hydrogen storage tank 7 through the hydrogen separator 6, the oxygen outlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 is connected to the inlet of the oxygen separator 8, and the oxygen outlet of the oxygen separator 8 is connected to the oxygen storage tank 9. The outlet of the oxygen separator 8 is connected to the inlet of the drainage storage tank 12, the outlet of the drainage storage tank 12 and the seawater input pipeline are connected to the inlet of the electro-absorption desalination device 13, and the outlet of the electro-absorption desalination device 13 is connected to the make-up water storage tank. The inlet of the tank 14 is in communication, and the outlet of the make-up water storage tank 14 is in communication with the inlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5.
本发明还包括冷却器11及循环泵10，其中，循环泵10的入口与氧气分离器8的出水口相连通，循环泵10的出口经冷却器11与电解制氢装置5的入水口相连通。The present invention also includes a cooler 11 and a circulating pump 10, wherein the inlet of the circulating pump 10 is connected to the water outlet of the oxygen separator 8, and the outlet of the circulating pump 10 is connected to the water inlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 through the cooler 11 .
本发明所述的基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢方法包括以下步骤：The method for producing hydrogen from offshore wind power based on the electrosorption desalination technology of the present invention includes the following steps:
海上风力发电场1实时发电，当海上风力发电场1产生的电量小于等于电网3的调度电量时，海上风力发电场1输出的电经功率分配器2全部输送给电网3，当海上风力发电场1产生的电量大于电网3的调度电量时，海上风力发电场1产生的电在满足电网3调度的前提下，将多余的电经功率分配器2及AC/DC整流器4输送给电解制氢装置5中，电解制氢装置5电解水产生氢气和氧气，其中，氢气进入到储氢系统中储存，氢气进入到氢气分离器6中进行分离，其中，分离出来的氧气进入到氧气储罐9中，分离出来的水进入到排水储罐12中，海水输入管道输出的海水及排水储罐12输出的水汇流后进入到电解制氢装置5中进行电解脱盐处理，电解脱盐处理后的稀释海水进入到补水储罐14中，补水储罐14输出的稀释海水进入到电解制氢装置5中。The offshore wind farm 1 generates real-time power. When the electricity generated by the offshore wind farm 1 is less than or equal to the dispatched electricity of the power grid 3, all the electricity output by the offshore wind farm 1 is transmitted to the power grid 3 through the power distributor 2. When the power generated by 1 is greater than the dispatched power of the power grid 3, the electricity generated by the offshore wind farm 1 will be delivered to the electrolysis hydrogen production device through the power distributor 2 and the AC/DC rectifier 4 on the premise that the electricity generated by the offshore wind farm 1 meets the dispatch of the power grid 3 In 5, the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. Among them, the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage system for storage, and the hydrogen enters the hydrogen separator 6 for separation, and the separated oxygen enters the oxygen storage tank 9 , The separated water enters the drainage storage tank 12, the seawater output from the seawater input pipeline and the water output from the drainage storage tank 12 merge and enters the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 for electrolytic desalination, and the diluted seawater after the electrolytic desalination enters In the make-up water storage tank 14, the diluted seawater output from the make-up water storage tank 14 enters the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5.
电吸附脱盐装置13对海水进行脱盐处理，获得的稀释海水储存于补水储罐14中，作为电解制氢装置5的原料水源，系统根据循环海水的电导率自动控制海水补充量及排放量，当通过电解槽的循环海水电导率高于设定值时，开始向系统外排水至排水储罐12中，然后将稀释海水由补水储罐14补充进入系统中；当通过电解槽的循环海水电导率低于设定值时，停止补水。The electro-adsorption desalination device 13 desalinates seawater, and the diluted seawater obtained is stored in the make-up storage tank 14 as the raw water source of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5. The system automatically controls the seawater supplementation and discharge according to the conductivity of the circulating seawater. When the conductivity of the circulating seawater passing through the electrolytic cell is higher than the set value, the system starts to drain to the drainage storage tank 12, and then the diluted seawater is replenished into the system from the make-up storage tank 14; when the conductivity of the circulating seawater passing through the electrolytic cell When it is lower than the set value, stop water supply.
电解制氢装置5为阴离子交换膜电解槽，电解制氢装置5中的隔膜为包含季铵、咪唑及吡啶的OH -选择性交换膜；电解制氢装置5中的阳极及阴极以钛网、钛波纹板、泡沫镍或泡沫铜为基底，表面引入活性涂层；阴极、隔膜及阳极紧密接触形成零间距电解槽结构。 The electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 is an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer. The diaphragm in the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 is an OH - selective exchange membrane containing quaternary ammonium, imidazole and pyridine; the anode and cathode in the electrolysis hydrogen production device 5 are made of titanium mesh, Titanium corrugated board, foamed nickel or foamed copper are used as the substrate, and active coating is introduced on the surface; the cathode, diaphragm and anode are in close contact to form a zero-spacing electrolytic cell structure.
电吸附脱盐装置13内的电极为板状或毡状，电极的表面铺覆聚四氟乙烯网布，电极的材质为活性炭、碳纤维及碳纳米管中的一种或者几种复合而成。电极表面铺覆聚四氟乙烯网布，增加海水的湍动程度，促进离子在电极表面双电层内聚集，海水流过阴极板与阳极板之间，Cl -在电场作用下聚集在阳极表面，Na +、Mg 2+及Ca 2+聚集在阴极表面，实现海水脱盐，获得离子浓度和电导率显著降低的稀释海水，海水中的Cl -浓度降低，有利于电解槽防腐；Mg 2+、Ca 2+浓度降低，有利于抑制电极表面沉淀物的生成，提高电解效率。 The electrode in the electro-absorption desalination device 13 is plate-shaped or felt-shaped, and the surface of the electrode is covered with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh cloth. The material of the electrode is one or a combination of activated carbon, carbon fiber and carbon nanotube. The electrode surface is covered with polytetrafluoroethylene mesh cloth to increase the turbulence of the seawater and promote the accumulation of ions in the electric double layer of the electrode surface. The seawater flows between the cathode plate and the anode plate, and Cl - accumulates on the anode surface under the action of an electric field. , Na + , Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ gather on the surface of the cathode to achieve seawater desalination and obtain diluted seawater with significantly reduced ion concentration and conductivity. The concentration of Cl- in the seawater is reduced, which is beneficial to the corrosion of the electrolytic cell; Mg 2+ , The decrease in the concentration of Ca 2+ is beneficial to inhibit the formation of deposits on the electrode surface and improve the efficiency of electrolysis.
电吸附脱盐装置13运行期间具有两种工作状态：即吸附脱盐及脱附排污；当去除率高于设定值时，装置保持吸附脱盐的工作状态；当去除率低于设定值时，停止向电极供电，进行脱附排污；脱附排污时间为固定值，排污完成后继续为极板通电，电吸附脱盐装置13恢复至吸附脱盐的工作状态。The electric adsorption desalination device 13 has two working states during operation: adsorption desalination and desorption sewage; when the removal rate is higher than the set value, the device maintains the working state of adsorption desalination; when the removal rate is lower than the set value, it stops Power is supplied to the electrode to perform desorption and discharge; the desorption and discharge time is a fixed value, after the discharge is completed, the electrode plates are continued to be energized, and the electro-absorption desalination device 13 returns to the working state of adsorption and desalination.

Claims (5)

  1. 一种基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢系统，其特征在于，包括海上风力发电场（1）、功率分配器（2）、电网（3）、AC/DC整流器（4）、电解制氢装置（5）、氢气分离器（6）、氢气储罐（7）、氧气分离器（8）、氧气储罐（9）、排水储罐（12）、海水输入管道、电吸附脱盐装置（13）及补水储罐（14）；An offshore wind power hydrogen production system based on electrosorption desalination technology, which is characterized by including offshore wind farms (1), power distributors (2), power grids (3), AC/DC rectifiers (4), and electrolytic hydrogen production Device (5), hydrogen separator (6), hydrogen storage tank (7), oxygen separator (8), oxygen storage tank (9), drainage storage tank (12), sea water input pipeline, electro-adsorption desalination device (13) ) And water replenishment storage tank (14);
    海上风力发电场（1）的输出端与功率分配器（2）的输入端相连接，功率分配器（2）的输出端与电网（3）及AC/DC整流器（4）的输入端相连接，AC/DC整流器（4）的输出端与电解制氢装置（5）的电源接口相连接，电解制氢装置（5）的氢气出口经氢气分离器（6）与氢气储罐（7）相连通，电解制氢装置（5）的氧气出口与氧气分离器（8）的入口相连通，氧气分离器（8）的氧气出口与氧气储罐（9）相连通，氧气分离器（8）的出水口与排水储罐（12）的入口相连通，排水储罐（12）的出口及海水输入管道与电吸附脱盐装置（13）的入口相连通，电吸附脱盐装置（13）的出口与补水储罐（14）的入口相连通，补水储罐（14）的出口与电解制氢装置（5）的入口相连通。The output end of the offshore wind farm (1) is connected to the input end of the power distributor (2), and the output end of the power distributor (2) is connected to the power grid (3) and the input end of the AC/DC rectifier (4) , The output end of the AC/DC rectifier (4) is connected to the power interface of the electrolysis hydrogen production device (5), and the hydrogen outlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device (5) is connected to the hydrogen storage tank (7) through the hydrogen separator (6) The oxygen outlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device (5) is connected to the inlet of the oxygen separator (8), the oxygen outlet of the oxygen separator (8) is connected to the oxygen storage tank (9), and the oxygen separator (8) The water outlet is connected with the inlet of the drainage storage tank (12), the outlet of the drainage storage tank (12) and the seawater input pipeline are connected with the inlet of the electro-absorption desalination device (13), and the outlet of the electro-absorption desalination device (13) is connected to the water supply The inlet of the storage tank (14) is connected, and the outlet of the make-up storage tank (14) is connected with the inlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device (5).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢系统，其特征在于，还包括冷却器（11）及循环泵（10），其中，循环泵（10）的入口与氧气分离器（8）的出水口相连通，循环泵（10）的出口经冷却器（11）与电解制氢装置（5）的入水口相连通。The offshore wind power hydrogen production system based on electrosorption desalination technology according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a cooler (11) and a circulating pump (10), wherein the inlet of the circulating pump (10) and the oxygen separator The water outlet of (8) is connected, and the outlet of the circulating pump (10) is connected to the water inlet of the electrolysis hydrogen production device (5) through the cooler (11).
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢系统，其特征在于，电解制氢装置（5）为阴离子交换膜电解槽，电解制氢装置（5）中的隔膜为包含季铵、咪唑或吡啶的OH -选择性交换膜；电解制氢装置（5）中的阳极及阴极以钛网、钛波纹板、泡沫镍或泡沫铜为基底，表面引入活性涂层；阴极、隔膜及阳极紧密接触形成零间距电解槽结构。 The offshore wind power hydrogen production system based on electrosorption desalination technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrolysis hydrogen production device (5) is an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer, and the diaphragm in the electrolysis hydrogen production device (5) is composed of quarters. Ammonium, imidazole or pyridine OH - selective exchange membrane; the anode and cathode in the electrolytic hydrogen production device (5) are based on titanium mesh, titanium corrugated plate, foamed nickel or foamed copper, and active coating is introduced on the surface; cathode, diaphragm It is in close contact with the anode to form a zero-spacing electrolytic cell structure.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢系统，其特征在于，电吸附脱盐装置（13）内的电极为板状或毡状，电极的表面铺覆聚四氟乙烯网布，电极的材质为活性炭、碳纤维及碳纳米管中的一种或者几种复合而成。The offshore wind power hydrogen production system based on electrosorption desalination technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrode in the electrosorption desalination device (13) is plate-shaped or felt-shaped, and the surface of the electrode is covered with a polytetrafluoroethylene mesh The material of the cloth and the electrode is a composite of one or more of activated carbon, carbon fiber and carbon nanotube.
  5. 一种基于电吸附脱盐技术的海上风电制氢方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：An offshore wind power hydrogen production method based on electrosorption desalination technology is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    海上风力发电场（1）实时发电，当海上风力发电场（1）产生的电量小于等于电网（3）的调度电量时，海上风力发电场（1）输出的电经功率分配器（2）全部输送给电网（3），当海上风力发电场（1）产生的电量大于电网（3）的调度电量时，海上风力发电场（1）产生的电在满足电网（3）调度的前提下，将多余的电经功率分配器（2）及AC/DC整流器（4）输送给电解制氢装置（5）中，电解制氢装置（5）电解水产生氢气和氧气，其中，氢气进入到储氢系统中储存，氢气进入到氢气分离器（6）中进行分离，其中，分离出来的氧气进入到氧气储罐（9）中，分离出来的水进入到排水储罐（12）中，海水输入管道输出的海水及排水储罐（12）输出的水汇流后进入到电解制氢装置（5）中进行电解脱盐处理，电解脱盐处理后的稀释海水进入到补水储罐（14）中，补水储罐（14）输出的稀释海水进入到电解制氢装置（5）中。Offshore wind farms (1) generate real-time power. When the electricity generated by offshore wind farms (1) is less than or equal to the dispatched electricity of the grid (3), all the electricity output by offshore wind farms (1) is through the power distributor (2) When the electricity generated by the offshore wind farm (1) is greater than the dispatched electricity of the grid (3), the electricity produced by the offshore wind farm (1) will meet the dispatch of the grid (3). The excess electricity is sent to the electrolysis hydrogen production device (5) through the power distributor (2) and the AC/DC rectifier (4). The electrolysis hydrogen production device (5) electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and the hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage The hydrogen is stored in the system, and the hydrogen enters the hydrogen separator (6) for separation, where the separated oxygen enters the oxygen storage tank (9), the separated water enters the drainage storage tank (12), and the seawater input pipeline The output seawater and the water output from the drainage storage tank (12) are merged into the electrolysis hydrogen production device (5) for electrolytic desalination. The diluted seawater after the electrolytic desalination treatment enters the make-up storage tank (14), and the make-up storage tank (14) The output diluted seawater enters the electrolysis hydrogen production device (5).
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