WO2021191015A1 - A waterborne basecoat composition - Google Patents

A waterborne basecoat composition Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021191015A1
WO2021191015A1 PCT/EP2021/056782 EP2021056782W WO2021191015A1 WO 2021191015 A1 WO2021191015 A1 WO 2021191015A1 EP 2021056782 W EP2021056782 W EP 2021056782W WO 2021191015 A1 WO2021191015 A1 WO 2021191015A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
waterborne basecoat
glycol
basecoat composition
ethers
composition according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/056782
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Shu Zhen LIU
Lie Shi
Stephanie Pei Yii GOH
Original Assignee
Basf Coatings Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Basf Coatings Gmbh filed Critical Basf Coatings Gmbh
Priority to JP2022558149A priority Critical patent/JP2023518604A/en
Priority to CN202180023547.1A priority patent/CN115315489A/en
Publication of WO2021191015A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021191015A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
    • C09D5/024—Emulsion paints including aerosols characterised by the additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/0838—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds
    • C08G18/0842—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents
    • C08G18/0861—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents in the presence of a dispersing phase for the polymers or a phase dispersed in the polymers
    • C08G18/0866—Manufacture of polymers in the presence of non-reactive compounds in the presence of liquid diluents in the presence of a dispersing phase for the polymers or a phase dispersed in the polymers the dispersing or dispersed phase being an aqueous medium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C09D175/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
    • C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/06—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Ortho-esters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a waterborne basecoat composition comprising an organic sol vent, and also relates to a use of the waterborne basecoat composition in an automotive paint.
  • Waterborne automotive paints have been developed for years and become increasingly attrac tive due to the growing public awareness and more strict regulations of environmental protection. Several aspects need to be considered to obtain qualified waterborne automotive paints such as painting applicability, appearance and performance of films after curing paints, etc.
  • the present invention provides a waterborne basecoat composition
  • a waterborne basecoat composition comprising
  • (C1) at least one ether having a boiling point of at least 200 °C selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols;
  • (C2) at least one hydrophilic diol having a molecular weight of less than 400 g/mol.
  • the present invention provides a use of the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention in an automotive paint, preferably an automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM) paint.
  • an automotive paint preferably an automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM) paint.
  • any polyurethane resins, acrylic resins and a combination thereof useful for waterborne coating compositions known in the art may be mentioned.
  • Suitable polyurethane resins are typically addition polymerization products of an organic compound having at least two reactive hydrogen functionalities and a polyisocyanate, for example in form of an aqueous dispersion.
  • organic compounds having at least two reactive hydrogen functionalities are well known in the art, for example polyols.
  • polyols may include, but are not limited to, those as described in US6384131B1, i.e.
  • polyols such as the saturated and unsaturated polyhydric alcohols including ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-butenediol, 1,6-hexanediol, furan di methanol, and cyclohexane dimethanol;
  • polyester polyols formed from the reaction of saturated and unsaturated polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-butenediol, 1,6-hexanediol, furan dimethanol, and cyclohexane dimethanol, with saturated and unsatu rated polycarboxylic acids and derivatives thereof such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, phthalic an hydride, dimethyl terephthalate, dimer acids and the like;
  • saturated and unsaturated polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-butenediol, 1,6-hexanediol, furan dimethanol, and cyclo
  • polyether polyols such as the products of the polymerization of a cyclic oxide such as eth ylene oxide, propylene oxide or tetrahydrofuran;
  • - polyether polyols formed by the addition of one or more cyclic oxides to water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol, glycerol, or Bisphenol A;
  • - polycarbonate polyols such as the reaction product of 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6- hexanediol, diethylene glycol or tetraethylene glycol with diaryl carbonates such as diphenyl carbonate or phosgene;
  • polyacetal polyols such as the reaction product of a glycol such as diethylene glycol, triethy lene glycol or hexanediol with formaldehyde;
  • - polyols such as dihydroxyalkanoic acids including dimethylolpropionic acid
  • Suitable polyisocyanates are also known in the art and may include aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and/or aromatic diisocyanates and polyisocyanates containing three or more isocyanate groups per molecule.
  • aliphatic diisocyanates may include trimethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyante, propylene diisocyanate, ethylethylene diisocyanate, dimethylethylene diisocyante, methyltrimethylene diisocyanate and trimethylhexane diisocyanate.
  • cycloaliphatic diisocyanates may include isophorone diisocyanate, cyclopentylene diisocyanate and the hydrogenation products of aromatic diisocyanates such as cyclohexylene diisocyanate, methylcyclohexylene diisocyanate and dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate.
  • aromatic diisocyanates may include phenylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, biphenylene diisocyanate, naphthylene diisocyanate and diphenylmethane diisocyanate or isomers or isomeric mixtures thereof.
  • the polyisocyanates are aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diisocyanates. Particularly preferred is isophorone diisocyanate.
  • the polyurethane resins may have been modified for hydrophilic stabilization or for increasing the dispersibility in aqueous medium by introducing cationic or anionic modifying groups, or potentially ionic groups which can be converted into cationic, anionic groups.
  • Such polyurethane resins are often called ionically hydrophilically stabilized polyurethane resins in the art.
  • the polyurethane resins may have been modified by introducing nonionic hydrophilically modifying groups. Suitable cationic, anionic and/or nonionic modification of polyurethane resins are known for example from WO2013/128011A1.
  • the polyurethane resins useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention may be those prepared by any methods known in the art or may be commercially available.
  • Examples of commercially available polyurethane resins useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention include DAOTAN ® TW 1237/32WA from Allnex Resins Germany GMBH, and Basonol ® PU 1035Wfrom BASF (China) Company Ltd.
  • the acrylic resins which may be any water soluble or dispersible poly(meth)acrylates and modified poly(meth)acrylates.
  • Suitable acrylic resins are typically hydroxy-containing acrylic resins.
  • the hydroxy-containing acrylic resins may be copolymerization product of a hydroxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer and at least one unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the hydroxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer, for example in form of an aqueous dispersion.
  • the hydroxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer are known in the art and may in clude, for example, monoesters of (meth)acrylic acid and a dihydric alcohol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, and 4- hydroxy butyl (meth)acrylate; e-caprolactone-modified compounds of the monoesters of (meth) acrylic acid and a dihydric alcohol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; N- hydroxymethyl(meth)acrylamide; allyl alcohol; and (meth)acrylates having hydroxy-terminated polyoxyethylene chains, as described in US9701866B2.
  • monoesters of (meth)acrylic acid and a dihydric alcohol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth
  • the at least one unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the hydroxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer which may be suitably selected according to the properties required of the hydroxy-containing acrylic resin.
  • the unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the hydroxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer may include, but are not limited to, those as described in US9701866B2, i.e.
  • - alkyl or cycloalkyl (meth)acrylates such as methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n- propyl (meth)acrylate, i-propyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, i-butyl (meth)acrylate, tert-butyl (meth)acrylate, n-hexyl (meth)acrylate, n-octyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, nonyl (meth)acrylate, tridecyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, isostearyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, methylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, t-butylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate
  • adamantyl-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers such as adamantyl
  • tricyclodecenyl-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers such as tricyclodecenyl
  • aromatic ring-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers such as benzyl (meth)acrylate, styrene, a-methylstyrene, and vinyltoluene;
  • alkoxysilyl-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers such as vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris(2-methoxyeyethoxy) silane, y-
  • - vinyl compounds such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, ethylene, butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl propio nate, and vinyl acetate; phosphoric acid group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as 2- acryloyloxyethyl acid phosphate, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl acid phosphate, 2- acryloyloxypropyl acid phosphate, and 2-methacryloyloxypropyl acid phosphate;
  • - carboxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers such as (meth)acrylic acid, male ic acid, crotonic acid, and b-carboxyethyl acrylate; nitrogen-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as (meth)acrylonitrile, (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, methylenebis(meth)acrylamide, ethylenebis(meth)acrylamide, 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, and addition products of glycidyl (meth)acrylate with amines; polymerizable unsaturated monomers having at least two polymerizable unsaturated groups per molecule, such as allyl (meth)acrylate and 1 ,6-hexane
  • epoxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers such as glycidyl (meth)acrylate, b- methylglycidyl (meth)acrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate, 3,4- epoxycyclohexylethyl (meth)acrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylpropyl (meth)acrylate, and allyl glycidyl ether;
  • sulfonic acid group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers such as 2-acrylamido- 2-methylpropane-sulfonic acid, 2-sulfoethyl (meth)acrylate, allylsulfonic acid, and 4- styrenesulfonic acid, and sodium salts or ammonium salts of these sulfonic acids;
  • UV-absorbing functional group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers such as 2- hydroxy-4-(3-methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)benzophenone, 2- hydroxy-4- (3- acryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-(3-methacryloyloxy-2- hydroxypropoxy)benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-(3-acryloyloxy-2- hydroxypropoxy)benzophenone, and 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methacryloyloxyethylphenyl)-2H- benzotriazole; photostable polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as 4-(meth)acryloyloxy-1,2,2,6,6- pentamethylpiperidine, 4-(meth)acryloyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-cyano-4- (meth)acryloylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine,
  • the hydroxy containing acrylic resins preferably have an acid value of 1 to 200 mg KOH/g, more preferably 2 to 180 mg KOH/g.
  • the hydroxy containing acrylic resins useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention may be those prepared by any methods known in the art or may be commercially available.
  • Examples of commercially available hydroxy containing acrylic resins useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention include Setaqua ® 6160, Viacryl ® VSC 6800W/47WA and Viacryl ® VSC 6276W/44WA, from Allnex Resins Germany GMBH.
  • any compounds which can react with the water soluble or dispersible film forming resin (A) to thereby cure the waterborne basecoat composition of the present invention may be used.
  • the curing agent (B) include amino resins, polyisocyanates, blocked polyisocyanates, epoxy-containing compounds, carboxy-containing compounds, and carbodiimide-containing compounds, which may be used alone, or in a combination of two or more.
  • amino resins, polyisocyanate compounds and blocked polyisocyanate compounds are preferable, and amino resins are particularly preferable.
  • suitable amino resins include partially or fully methylolated amino resins obtained by reacting amino components such as melamine, urea, benzoguanamine, acetoguanamine, steroguanamine, spiroguanamine and dicyandiamide with aldehyde components such as formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and benzaldehyde.
  • methylolated amino resins in which at least partial methylol groups have been alkylated with suitable alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, 2-ethylbutanol and 2-ethylhexanol may also be useful.
  • melamine resin is particularly useful in the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention.
  • a methylated melamine resin obtained by etherifying at least partial methylol groups of a partially or fully methylolated melamine resin with methyl alcohol a butylated melamine resin obtained by etherifying at least partial methylol groups of a partially or fully methylolated melamine resin with butyl alcohol
  • a methylated/butylated melamine resin obtained by etherifying at least partial methylol groups of a partially or fully methylolated melamine resin with methyl alcohol and butyl alcohol are preferable.
  • Examples of commercially available amino resins useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention include Cymel ® 202, Cymel ® 203, Cymel ® 211 , Cymel ® 251, Cymel ® 324, Cymel ® 325, Cymel ® 327, Cymel ® 350, Cymel ® 385, Cymel ® 1130, Cymel ® 1156, Cymel ® 1116, Cymel ® 1158 from Allnex USA Inc; Cymel ® 204, Cymel ® 238, Cymel ® 303, Cymel ® 323 from Cytec Industries Inc.; and U-VANTM 120, U-VANTM 20HS, U- VANTM 20SE60, U-VANTM 2021, U-VANTM 2028, and U-VANTM 28-60 from Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
  • suitable polyisocyanates are include aliphatic polyisocyanates such as trimethylene diisocyanate, 1,2-propylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, 2,3- butylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, 4- isocyanatomethyl- 1,8-octane diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4- trimethyl hexamethylene diisocyanate, dodecamethylene diisocyanate, a,a’-dipropyl ether diisocyanate, and transvinylidene diisocyanate; alicyclic polyisocyanates, such as 1,3- cyclopentylene diisocyanate, 1,2-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4-methyl-1, 3-cyclohexylene diiso
  • Adducts of polyisocyanates such as biurets, isocyanurates, allophonates, uretdiones and prepolymers of polyisocyanates may also be useful as the curing agent.
  • (co)polymers of isocyanate-functional monomers such as a,a’-dimethyl-m-isopropenyl benzyl isocyanate may also be suitable.
  • the blocking agents may be oximes such as formamide oxime, acetamide oxime, acetoxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, diacetyl monoxime, benzophenone oxime, and cyclohexane oxime; alcohols such an methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, glycolic acid, methyl glycolate, ethyl glycolate, butyl gly- colate, lactic acid, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, butyl lactate, methylol urea, methylol melamine, diacetone alcohol, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl me
  • paint films having better appearance could be provided by employing the organic solvent comprising (C1) at least one ether having a boiling point of at least 200°C selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols and (C2) at least one hydrophilic diol having a molecular weight of less than 400 g/mol in water waterborne basecoat.
  • any alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols having a boiling point of at least 200°C and preferably having a molecular weight of no higher than 500 g/mol may be used.
  • Alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols having a boiling point of 200°C to 300°C are more preferable.
  • the boil ing point at each occurrence refers to boiling points under the pressure of 1 atm, unless other wise specified.
  • the alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may be mono- and dialkyl ethers of polyols, mono- and diaryl ethers of polyols, especially mono- and dialkyl ethers of diols, mono- and diaryl ethers of diols.
  • alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may include, but are not limited to alkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, alkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, alkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, alkylene glycol diaryl ethers, dialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, dialkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, dialkylene gly col monoaryl ethers, dialkylene glycol diaryl ethers, trialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, trial- kylene glycol dialkyl ethers, trialkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, and trialkylene glycol diaryl ethers.
  • Suitable alkylene glycols from which the alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may be derived are for example selected from linear or branched C2-C20-alkylene glycols, preferably linear or branched C2-C10-alkylene glycols, particularly linear or branched C2-C6-alkylene glycols.
  • alkylene glycols may include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1,2- pentanediol, 2,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl gly col (2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediol), 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,5- hexanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,8-octanedio
  • Suitable dialkylene glycols from which the alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may be derived are for example di-C2-C10-alkylene glycols, preferably di-C2-C6-alkylene glycols, more preferably di- C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
  • Suitable trialkylene glycols from which the alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may be derived are for example tri-C2-C6-alkylene glycols, preferably tri-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
  • the alkyl moiety in the alkyl ethers of polyols may be linear or branched alkyl, preferably C1- C20-alkyl, more preferably C3-C10-alkyl, most preferably C4-C8-alkyl.
  • the aryl moiety in the alkyl ethers of polyols may be for example unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, preferably phenyl and C1-C10-alkyl substituted phenyl.
  • Preferred examples of the alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may include, but are not limited to di ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (BDG), triethylene glycol monobutyl ether (BTG), diethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether (iBDG), diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (HeDG), ethylene glycol mono 2-ethylhexyl ether (EHG), diethylene glycol mono 2-ethylhexyl ether (EHDG), ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (PhG) and diethylene glycol monophenyl ether (PhDG).
  • BDG di ethylene glycol monobutyl ether
  • BBG triethylene glycol monobutyl ether
  • iBDG diethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether
  • HeDG ethylene glycol monohexyl ether
  • EHG ethylene glycol mono 2-ethylhexyl ether
  • EHDG diethylene glycol monophen
  • hydrophilic diol (C2) diols having an HLB value of at least 9 are suitable, and particularly alkylene glycols and dialkylene glycols having an HLB value of at least 9 and a molecular weight of less than 400 g/mol may be mentioned.
  • HLB values at each occurrence refers to values according to Griffin method, unless otherwise specified.
  • useful alkylene glycols may be selected from linear or branched C2-C20-alkylene glycols, preferably linear or branched C2-C10-alkylene glycols, particularly linear or branched C2-C6-alkylene glycols.
  • hydrophilic alkylene glycols may include but are not limited to ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3- butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 2,3-pentanediol, 1,4- pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol (2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediol), 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,5-hexanediol and 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol.
  • Useful dialkylene glycols may be selected from di-C2-C10-alkylene glycols, preferably di-C2-C6- alkylene glycols, more preferably di-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
  • Particularly suitable dialkylene gly cols may be diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or a combination thereof.
  • the ether (C1) and the hydrophilic diol (C2) may be used in a weight ratio from 5 : 2 to 2 : 5, preferably from 2 :1 to 1 : 2, more preferably from 3 : 2 to 2 : 3.
  • the ether (C1) and the hydrophilic diol (C2) may be comprised in the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention in a total amount of from 1 % to 8 % by weight, preferably from 2 % to 8% by weight, more preferably from 3 % to 6 % by weight, based on the weight of the waterborne basecoat composition.
  • the ether (C1) and the hydrophilic diol (C2) may be used in the presence of additional organic solvent conventionally used in the waterborne basecoat composition.
  • the organic solvent (C) may comprise at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon solvents such as mineral spirit, toluene, xylene, and solvent naphtha; alcoholic solvents other than the solvents (C1) and (C2) such as 1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 2-octanol, 2-ethyl- 1-hexanol and 1-decanol benzyl alcohol; ester solvents such as n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isoamyl acetate and methylamyl acetate; and ketone solvents such as methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, ethyl n-amyl ketone and diisobutyl ketone.
  • the organic solvent (C) may be comprised in the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention in a total amount of from 1 % to 15 % by weight, preferably from 2 % to 12 % by weight, more preferably from 3 % to 10 % by weight, based on the weight of the water borne basecoat composition.
  • the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention further comprise a color pigment such as white pigment and black pigment, an effect pigment or a combination thereof.
  • a color pigment such as white pigment and black pigment, an effect pigment or a combination thereof.
  • Suitable color pigments and effect pigments are known in the art and are described in, for example, Rompp-Lexikon Lacke und Druckmaschine, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 1998, page 176 and 451.
  • the waterborne basecoat composition optionally comprises at least one additional film-forming resin other than the water soluble or dispersible film-forming resin (A).
  • the at least one additional film-forming resin may be suitably selected by a person skilled in the art according to practical requirement of the paint film.
  • polyester resins may be mentioned, which may be an esterification or transesterification product of a carboxylic acid and/or carboxylic acid anhydride with a hydroxyl group-containing compound.
  • polycarboxylic acids having at least two carboxyl groups per molecule are generally used for preparing the polyester resins.
  • the polycarboxylic acids may include aliphatic polycarboxylic acids such as glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid and itaconic acid; aromatic polycarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, trimellitic acid and pyromellitic acid; alicyclic polycarboxylic acids such as tetrahydrophthalic acid, tetrahydroisophthalic acid, tetrahydroterephthalic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid,
  • Anhydrides of polycarboxylic acids may additionally or alternatively be used in the esterification or transesterification.
  • Anhydrides of the polycarboxylic acids as mentioned hereinabove may be used, for example succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride and pyromellitic anhydride.
  • hydroxyl group-containing compounds polyhydric alcohols having two or more hydroxyl groups per molecule are generally used for preparing the polyester resins.
  • hydroxyl group-containing compounds may include alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,2- butanediol, 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol,
  • ester diols such as bis(hydroxyethyl) terephthalate
  • polyether diols such as polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, and polybutylene glycols
  • trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, diglycerol, triglycerol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sorbitol, and mannitol, which may be used alone or in a combination of two or more.
  • the hydroxy-containing polyester resin may have been modified, for example with a fatty acid, a monoepoxy compound, a polyisocyanate compound, or the like, during or after the preparation of the resin.
  • the hydroxy-containing polyester resin useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention may be those prepared by any methods known in the art or may be commercially available.
  • At least one additional film-forming resin polyurethane resins and acrylic resins may also be mentioned.
  • At least one film-forming polyurethane and/or acrylic resin other than the species as the water soluble or dispersible film-forming resin (A) may be used as the at least one additional film-forming resin.
  • the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention may also optionally include one or more of hardening/curing catalysts, thickeners, surface modifiers, wetting agents, de-foaming agents, plasticizers, fillers, film-forming adjuvants, ultraviolet light absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, and the like known to those skilled in the art.
  • the formulation of the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention is not particularly restricted, which may be in form of one-pack or multi-pack.
  • the waterborne basecoat composition may be formulated according to conventional automotive waterborne basecoat formulation by using the ether (C1) and the hydrophilic diol (C2).
  • the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention may have already include the total amount of water medium such that a suitable viscosity for the purpose of painting could be provided.
  • the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention may be diluted to the suitable viscosity by the addition of further water and/or by means of a small amount of organic solvent prior to painting.
  • the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention may be applied by any conventional coating methods, such as air spray coating, air atomized electrostatic coating, rotational bell atomized electrostatic coating, and the like, preferably following prior application of an undercoat layer comprising an electrodeposition coating material and/or a sealing material for example in an automotive painting process.
  • any conventional coating methods such as air spray coating, air atomized electrostatic coating, rotational bell atomized electrostatic coating, and the like, preferably following prior application of an undercoat layer comprising an electrodeposition coating material and/or a sealing material for example in an automotive painting process.
  • the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention is applied such that a paint film having a thickness of 5 to 100 pm, preferably 10 to 60 pm may be obtained after curing, and then cured, for example at a temperature in the range from 100 to 200 °C, preferably from 120 to 180 °C, for a suitable time, such as from 10 minutes to 1 hour, and a cured paint film is thus obtained.
  • Embodiment 1 A waterborne basecoat composition comprising
  • (C1) at least one ether having a boiling point of at least 200°C, selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols;
  • (C2) at least one hydrophilic diol having a molecular weight of less than 400 g/mol.
  • Embodiment 2 The waterborne basecoat composition according to embodiment 1, wherein the composition further comprises a pigment and preferably a white or black pigment.
  • Embodiment 3 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 2, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols having a boiling point of 200°C to 300°C.
  • Embodiment 4 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols having a molecular weight of no more than 500 g/mol.
  • Embodiment 5 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from mono- and di-alkyl ethers of polyols and mono- and di-aryl ethers of polyols, and preferably mono- and di-alkyl ethers of diols and mono- and di-aryl ethers of diols.
  • said component (C1) is at least one selected from mono- and di-alkyl ethers of polyols and mono- and di-aryl ethers of polyols, and preferably mono- and di-alkyl ethers of diols and mono- and di-aryl ethers of diols.
  • Embodiment 6 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from alkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, alkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, alkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, alkylene glycol diaryl ethers, dialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, dialkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, dialkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, dialkylene glycol diaryl ethers, trialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, trialkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, trialkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, and trialkylene glycol diaryl ethers.
  • said component (C1) is at least one selected from alkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, alkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, alkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, alkylene glycol diaryl ethers, dialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, dial
  • Embodiment 7 The waterborne basecoat composition according to embodiment 6, wherein said alkylene glycol is selected from linear or branched C2-C20-alkylene glycols, and preferably lin ear or branched C2-C10-alkylene glycols, and more preferably linear or branched C2-C6- alkylene glycols.
  • said alkylene glycol is selected from linear or branched C2-C20-alkylene glycols, and preferably lin ear or branched C2-C10-alkylene glycols, and more preferably linear or branched C2-C6- alkylene glycols.
  • Embodiment 8 The waterborne basecoat composition according to embodiment 6, wherein said dialkylene glycol is selected from di-C2-C10-alkylene glycols, preferably di-C2-C6-alkylene gly cols and more preferably di-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
  • Embodiment 9 The waterborne basecoat composition according to embodiment 6, wherein said trialkylene glycol is selected from tri-C2-C6-alkylene glycols and preferably tri-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
  • Embodiment 10 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 6 to 9, wherein said alkyl in the alkyl ethers of polyols is selected from linear or branched alkyl, preferably C1-C20-alkyl, more preferably C3-C10-alkyl and even more preferably C4-C8-alkyl.
  • Embodiment 11 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 6 to 9, wherein said aryl in the alkyl ethers of polyols is selected from unsubstituted or substituted phenyl and preferably phenyl and C1-C10-alkyl substituted phenyl.
  • Embodiment 12 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 11, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from the group consisting of diethy lene glycol monobutyl ether (BDG), triethylene glycol monobutyl ether (BTG), diethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether (iBDG), diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (HeDG), ethylene glycol mono 2- ethylhexyl ether (EHG), diethylene glycol mono 2-ethylhexyl ether (EHDG), ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (PhG) and diethylene glycol monophenyl ether (PhDG).
  • BDG diethy lene glycol monobutyl ether
  • BBG triethylene glycol monobutyl ether
  • iBDG diethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether
  • HeDG ethylene glycol monohexyl ether
  • EHG ethylene glycol mono 2- ethyl
  • Embodiment 14 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 13, wherein said component (C2) is at least one selected from di-C2-C10-alkylene glycols, preferably di-C2-C6-alkylene glycols and more preferably di-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
  • said component (C2) is at least one selected from di-C2-C10-alkylene glycols, preferably di-C2-C6-alkylene glycols and more preferably di-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
  • Embodiment 15 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, wherein said component (C2) is at least one selected from diethylene glycol and dipro pylene glycol.
  • Embodiment 16 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 15, wherein the ratio by weight of component (C1) and component (C2) is from 5 : 2 to 2 : 5, preferably from 2 : 1 to 1 : 2 and more preferably from 3 : 2 to 2 : 3.
  • Embodiment 17 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 16, wherein the weight percentage of said component (C1) and (C2) is from 1 % to 8 % by weight, preferably from 2 % to 8% by weight and more preferably from 3 % to 6 % by weight, based on the total weight of the waterborne basecoat composition.
  • Embodiment 18 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 17, wherein the composition comprises (A) from 10% to 30% by weight of the film-forming resin in terms of solid content; (B) from 3% to 10% by weight of the curing agent in terms of solid content; (C) from 5% to 15% by weight of the organic solvents; (D) from 0 to 5% by weight of optional film-forming resin other than the component (A) in terms of solid content; (E) from 0.5% to 5% by weight of black pigment; (F) 0 to 5 % by weight of additives; and (G) from 35% to 75% by weight of water, based on the total weight of the waterborne basedcoat composition.
  • the composition comprises (A) from 10% to 30% by weight of the film-forming resin in terms of solid content; (B) from 3% to 10% by weight of the curing agent in terms of solid content; (C) from 5% to 15% by weight of the organic solvents; (D) from 0 to 5% by weight of optional film-forming resin
  • Embodiment 19 The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 17, wherein the composition comprises (A) from 5% to 20% by weight of the film-forming resin in terms of solid content; (B) from 1% to 5% by weight of the curing agent in terms of solid content; (C) from 5% to 15% by weight of the organic solvents; (D) from 0% to 10% by weight of optional film-forming resin other than the component (A) in terms of solid content; (E) from 20 % to 35% by weight of white pigment; (F) 0 to 5 % by weight of additives; and (G) from 35 % to 60% by weight of water, based on the total weight of the waterborne basecoat composition.
  • the composition comprises (A) from 5% to 20% by weight of the film-forming resin in terms of solid content; (B) from 1% to 5% by weight of the curing agent in terms of solid content; (C) from 5% to 15% by weight of the organic solvents; (D) from 0% to 10% by weight of optional film-
  • Embodiment 20 A use of the waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 19 in an automotive paint and preferably an automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM) paint.
  • OEM automotive original equipment manufacturer
  • BDG diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2
  • BTG triethylene glycol monobutyl ether 3
  • EG ethylene glycol 4
  • PG propylene glycol
  • Anti-foaming agent Surfynol ® 104E from Evonik 6
  • Wetting agent BYK ® 347 from BYK
  • 35 parts of polyurethane resin (DAOTAN ® TW 1237/32WA, from Allnex, with a solid content of about 32 wt%), 3 parts of acrylic resin (SETAQUA 6160, from Allnex, with a solid content of about 45 wt%), 7 parts of black pigment dispersion paste, 0.3 parts of an anti-foaming agent and 49.2 parts of aqueous medium consisting of 44.2 parts of deionized water, 2.5 parts of tri ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (BTG) and 2.5 parts of ethylene glycol (EG) were introduced into a dispersion container, and then dispersed until the particle size D50 was no more than 10 pm.
  • 5 parts of a melamine resin (Cymel ® 203, from Allnex, with a solid content of about 72 wt %) and 0.5 parts of triethanolamine were added and uniformly stirred to obtain the deep black paint DB 1.
  • BDG diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2
  • BTG triethylene glycol monobutyl ether 3
  • EG ethylene glycol 4
  • PG propylene glycol
  • a zinc phosphate treated steel plate was coated with a cationic electrodeposition paint (CathoGuard® 800, from BASF Coatings GmbH) by electrodeposition such that a dry paint film having a thickness of 11 pm was obtained, and then baked at 175 °C for 25 minutes.
  • the obtained electrodeposition-coated plate was used as the substrate for painting in the following working Examples (hereinafter referred to as the ED plate).
  • the ED plate was painted with a polar white paint as prepared in Example 1.1 by means of a rotary atomizer (EcoBell II, from Durr Systems AG, Germany) (outflow rate of 380ml/min, rotational speed: 40,000rpm, voltage: 60 kv) at a temperature of 23 °C and a humidity of 65% so as to provide a dry film thickness of 29 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 3 minutes and then flashed off at 80 °C for 10 minutes. After cooling to 23 °C, a clearcoat paint (ProGloss®, from BASF Coatings GmbH) was applied so as to provide a dry film thickness of 50 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 10 minutes and then baked horizontally at 140 °C for 30 minutes, to obtain the final plate with a polar white paint film.
  • a rotary atomizer EscoBell II, from Durr Systems AG, Germany
  • Another set of polar white paint films was produced on the ED plate in accordance with the same process except that the baking was carried out with the plate being placed vertically.
  • the ED plate was painted with a deep black paint as prepared in Example 1.2 by means of a rotary atomizer (EcoBell II, from Durr Systems AG, Germany) (outflow rate of 380ml/min, rotational speed: 40,000rpm, voltage: 60 kv) at a temperature of 23 °C and a humidity of 65% so as to provide a dry film thickness of 15 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 3 minutes and then flashed off at 80 °C for 10 minutes. After cooling to 23 °C, a clearcoat paint (ProGloss®, from BASF Coatings GmbH) was applied so as to provide a dry film thickness of 50 pm.
  • a clearcoat paint ProGloss®, from BASF Coatings GmbH
  • the ED plate was heated to 55 °C and then painted when the plate is 50 °C with a polar white paint as prepared in Example 1.1 by means of a rotary atomizer (EcoBell II, from Durr Systems AG, Germany) (outflow rate of 380ml/min, rotational speed: 40,000rpm, voltage: 60 kv) at a temperature of 23 °C and a humidity of 65% so as to provide a dry film thickness of 15 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 3 minutes and then flashed off at 80 °C for 10 minutes. After cooling to 23 °C, a clearcoat paint (ProGloss®, from BASF Coatings GmbH) was applied so as to provide a dry film thickness of 37 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 10 minutes and then baked horizontally at 140 °C for 30 minutes, to obtain the final plate with a polar white paint film.
  • a rotary atomizer EscoBell II, from Durr Systems AG, Germany
  • the ED plate was heated to 55 °C and then painted when the plate was at a temperature of 50 °C with a deep black paint as prepared in Example 1.2 by means of a rotary atomizer (EcoBell II, from Durr Systems AG, Germany) (outflow rate of 380ml/min, rotational speed: 40,000rpm, voltage: 60 kv) at a temperature of 23 °C and a humidity of 65% so as to provide a dry film thickness of 10 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 3 minutes and then flashed off at 80 °C for 10 minutes. After cooling to 23 °C, a clearcoat paint (ProGloss®, from BASF Coatings GmbH) was applied so as to provide a dry film thickness of 37 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 10 minutes and then baked horizontally at 140 °C for 30 minutes, to obtain the final plate with a deep black paint film.
  • a rotary atomizer EngelBell II, from Durr Systems AG, Germany

Abstract

A waterborne basecoat composition is provided, comprising (A) a water soluble or dispersible film-forming resin selected from polyurethane resins, acrylic resins and a combination thereof; (B) a curing agent; and (C) an organic solvent comprising (C1) at least one ether having a boiling point of at least 200°C selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols; and (C2) at least one hydrophilic diol having a molecular weight of less than 400 g/mol. Use of the waterborne basecoat composition in an automotive paint is also provided.

Description

A WATERBORNE BASECOAT COMPOSITION
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waterborne basecoat composition comprising an organic sol vent, and also relates to a use of the waterborne basecoat composition in an automotive paint.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Waterborne automotive paints have been developed for years and become increasingly attrac tive due to the growing public awareness and more strict regulations of environmental protection. Several aspects need to be considered to obtain qualified waterborne automotive paints such as painting applicability, appearance and performance of films after curing paints, etc.
In the current process of automotive OEM (original equipment manufacturer) paintings, the ap pearance of the paint films on door sill parts is relatively worse than that of automotive body parts. The reason why such defect happens is mainly because the process includes a protective step of sealing underbody and baking prior to painting in a booth and the door sill parts could not be cooled down as quickly as body parts. The higher temperature (30°C to 35°C) of door sill parts causes much worse appearance (e.g. gloss) of films obtained from the same paints.
Therefore, it is still desired to provide a waterborne automotive paint that could overcome the above-mentioned problem and at the same time provides films with good overall appearance not only on the door sill parts but on body parts.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect, the present invention provides a waterborne basecoat composition comprising
(A) a water soluble or dispersible film-forming resin selected from polyurethane resins, acrylic resins and a combination thereof;
(B) a curing agent; and
(C) an organic solvent comprising
(C1) at least one ether having a boiling point of at least 200 °C selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols; and
(C2) at least one hydrophilic diol having a molecular weight of less than 400 g/mol.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a use of the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention in an automotive paint, preferably an automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM) paint.
It has been surprisingly found that the appearance (e.g. smoothness and gloss) of the films on the door sill parts of the automotive is improved significantly by using the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention. It has also been found that the appearance (e.g. smoothness) of the films on the body parts of the automotive is improved by using the water- borne basecoat composition according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
It is understood that the present invention could be embodied in various ways and shall not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Unless clearly dictated otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used here have common meanings recognized by any person skilled in the art. Within the context, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
(A) Water Soluble or Dispersible Film-Forming Resin
As the water soluble or dispersible film-forming resin to be used in the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention, any polyurethane resins, acrylic resins and a combination thereof useful for waterborne coating compositions known in the art may be mentioned.
Suitable polyurethane resins are typically addition polymerization products of an organic compound having at least two reactive hydrogen functionalities and a polyisocyanate, for example in form of an aqueous dispersion.
The organic compounds having at least two reactive hydrogen functionalities are well known in the art, for example polyols. Examples of polyols may include, but are not limited to, those as described in US6384131B1, i.e.
- polyols such as the saturated and unsaturated polyhydric alcohols including ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-butenediol, 1,6-hexanediol, furan di methanol, and cyclohexane dimethanol;
- polyester polyols formed from the reaction of saturated and unsaturated polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-butenediol, 1,6-hexanediol, furan dimethanol, and cyclohexane dimethanol, with saturated and unsatu rated polycarboxylic acids and derivatives thereof such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, phthalic an hydride, dimethyl terephthalate, dimer acids and the like;
- polyesters formed by the reaction of lactones, such as caprolactone, with a polyol;
- polyether polyols such as the products of the polymerization of a cyclic oxide such as eth ylene oxide, propylene oxide or tetrahydrofuran;
- polyether polyols formed by the addition of one or more cyclic oxides to water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol, glycerol, or Bisphenol A; - polycarbonate polyols such as the reaction product of 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6- hexanediol, diethylene glycol or tetraethylene glycol with diaryl carbonates such as diphenyl carbonate or phosgene;
- polyacetal polyols such as the reaction product of a glycol such as diethylene glycol, triethy lene glycol or hexanediol with formaldehyde;
- polyols such as dihydroxyalkanoic acids including dimethylolpropionic acid; and
- any mixtures thereof.
Suitable polyisocyanates are also known in the art and may include aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and/or aromatic diisocyanates and polyisocyanates containing three or more isocyanate groups per molecule. Examples of aliphatic diisocyanates may include trimethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyante, propylene diisocyanate, ethylethylene diisocyanate, dimethylethylene diisocyante, methyltrimethylene diisocyanate and trimethylhexane diisocyanate. Examples of cycloaliphatic diisocyanates may include isophorone diisocyanate, cyclopentylene diisocyanate and the hydrogenation products of aromatic diisocyanates such as cyclohexylene diisocyanate, methylcyclohexylene diisocyanate and dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate. Examples of aromatic diisocyanates may include phenylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, biphenylene diisocyanate, naphthylene diisocyanate and diphenylmethane diisocyanate or isomers or isomeric mixtures thereof.
Preferably, the polyisocyanates are aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diisocyanates. Particularly preferred is isophorone diisocyanate.
The polyurethane resins may have been modified for hydrophilic stabilization or for increasing the dispersibility in aqueous medium by introducing cationic or anionic modifying groups, or potentially ionic groups which can be converted into cationic, anionic groups. Such polyurethane resins are often called ionically hydrophilically stabilized polyurethane resins in the art. Alternatively, the polyurethane resins may have been modified by introducing nonionic hydrophilically modifying groups. Suitable cationic, anionic and/or nonionic modification of polyurethane resins are known for example from WO2013/128011A1.
The polyurethane resins useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention may be those prepared by any methods known in the art or may be commercially available.
Examples of commercially available polyurethane resins useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention include DAOTAN® TW 1237/32WA from Allnex Resins Germany GMBH, and Basonol® PU 1035Wfrom BASF (China) Company Ltd. Herein, there is no particular restriction to the acrylic resins, which may be any water soluble or dispersible poly(meth)acrylates and modified poly(meth)acrylates. Suitable acrylic resins are typically hydroxy-containing acrylic resins. The hydroxy-containing acrylic resins may be copolymerization product of a hydroxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer and at least one unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the hydroxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer, for example in form of an aqueous dispersion.
The hydroxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer are known in the art and may in clude, for example, monoesters of (meth)acrylic acid and a dihydric alcohol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, and 4- hydroxy butyl (meth)acrylate; e-caprolactone-modified compounds of the monoesters of (meth) acrylic acid and a dihydric alcohol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; N- hydroxymethyl(meth)acrylamide; allyl alcohol; and (meth)acrylates having hydroxy-terminated polyoxyethylene chains, as described in US9701866B2.
There is no particular restriction to the at least one unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the hydroxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer, which may be suitably selected according to the properties required of the hydroxy-containing acrylic resin. Examples of the unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the hydroxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer may include, but are not limited to, those as described in US9701866B2, i.e.
- alkyl or cycloalkyl (meth)acrylates, such as methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n- propyl (meth)acrylate, i-propyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, i-butyl (meth)acrylate, tert-butyl (meth)acrylate, n-hexyl (meth)acrylate, n-octyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, nonyl (meth)acrylate, tridecyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, isostearyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, methylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, t-butylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclododecyl (meth)acrylate, and tricy- clodecanyl (meth)acrylate;
- isobornyl-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as isobornyl (meth)acrylate;
- adamantyl-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as adamantyl
(meth)acrylate;
- tricyclodecenyl-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as tricyclodecenyl
(meth)acrylate;
- aromatic ring-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as benzyl (meth)acrylate, styrene, a-methylstyrene, and vinyltoluene;
- alkoxysilyl-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltris(2-methoxyeyethoxy) silane, y-
(meth)acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and Y-(meth)acryloyloxypropyltriethoxysilane; - fluorinated alkyl-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as perfluorobutylethyl
(meth)acrylate, perfluorooctylethyl (meth)acrylate, and like perfluoroalkyl (meth)acrylates; and fluoroolefin and the like;
- polymerizable unsaturated monomers having a photo-polymerizable functional group, such as maleimide;
- vinyl compounds, such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, ethylene, butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl propio nate, and vinyl acetate; phosphoric acid group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as 2- acryloyloxyethyl acid phosphate, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl acid phosphate, 2- acryloyloxypropyl acid phosphate, and 2-methacryloyloxypropyl acid phosphate;
- carboxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as (meth)acrylic acid, male ic acid, crotonic acid, and b-carboxyethyl acrylate; nitrogen-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as (meth)acrylonitrile, (meth)acrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylamide, methylenebis(meth)acrylamide, ethylenebis(meth)acrylamide, 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, and addition products of glycidyl (meth)acrylate with amines; polymerizable unsaturated monomers having at least two polymerizable unsaturated groups per molecule, such as allyl (meth)acrylate and 1 ,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate;
- epoxy-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as glycidyl (meth)acrylate, b- methylglycidyl (meth)acrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth)acrylate, 3,4- epoxycyclohexylethyl (meth)acrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylpropyl (meth)acrylate, and allyl glycidyl ether;
(meth)acrylates having alkoxy-terminated polyoxyethylene chains;
- sulfonic acid group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as 2-acrylamido- 2-methylpropane-sulfonic acid, 2-sulfoethyl (meth)acrylate, allylsulfonic acid, and 4- styrenesulfonic acid, and sodium salts or ammonium salts of these sulfonic acids;
UV-absorbing functional group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as 2- hydroxy-4-(3-methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)benzophenone, 2- hydroxy-4- (3- acryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-(3-methacryloyloxy-2- hydroxypropoxy)benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-(3-acryloyloxy-2- hydroxypropoxy)benzophenone, and 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methacryloyloxyethylphenyl)-2H- benzotriazole; photostable polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as 4-(meth)acryloyloxy-1,2,2,6,6- pentamethylpiperidine, 4-(meth)acryloyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-cyano-4- (meth)acryloylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-(meth)acryloyl-4-(meth)acryloylamino- 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-(meth)acryloyl-4-cyano-4-(meth)acryloylamino-2, 2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidine, 4-crotonoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-crotonoylamino- 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, and 1-crotonoyl-4-crotonoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine; carbonyl-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers, such as acrolein, diacetonacrylamide, diacetonmethacrylamide, acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate, formylstyrol, and C4-7 vinyl alkyl ketones (e.g., vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl ethyl ketone, and vinyl butyl ketone).
The hydroxy containing acrylic resins preferably have an acid value of 1 to 200 mg KOH/g, more preferably 2 to 180 mg KOH/g.
The hydroxy containing acrylic resins useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention may be those prepared by any methods known in the art or may be commercially available.
Examples of commercially available hydroxy containing acrylic resins useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention include Setaqua® 6160, Viacryl® VSC 6800W/47WA and Viacryl® VSC 6276W/44WA, from Allnex Resins Germany GMBH.
(B) Curing Agent
As the curing agent, any compounds which can react with the water soluble or dispersible film forming resin (A) to thereby cure the waterborne basecoat composition of the present invention may be used. Examples of the curing agent (B) include amino resins, polyisocyanates, blocked polyisocyanates, epoxy-containing compounds, carboxy-containing compounds, and carbodiimide-containing compounds, which may be used alone, or in a combination of two or more. Among these, amino resins, polyisocyanate compounds and blocked polyisocyanate compounds are preferable, and amino resins are particularly preferable.
Examples of suitable amino resins include partially or fully methylolated amino resins obtained by reacting amino components such as melamine, urea, benzoguanamine, acetoguanamine, steroguanamine, spiroguanamine and dicyandiamide with aldehyde components such as formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and benzaldehyde. The methylolated amino resins in which at least partial methylol groups have been alkylated with suitable alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, 2-ethylbutanol and 2-ethylhexanol may also be useful.
As an example of the amino resins, melamine resin is particularly useful in the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention. In particular, a methylated melamine resin obtained by etherifying at least partial methylol groups of a partially or fully methylolated melamine resin with methyl alcohol; a butylated melamine resin obtained by etherifying at least partial methylol groups of a partially or fully methylolated melamine resin with butyl alcohol; and a methylated/butylated melamine resin obtained by etherifying at least partial methylol groups of a partially or fully methylolated melamine resin with methyl alcohol and butyl alcohol are preferable. Examples of commercially available amino resins useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention include Cymel® 202, Cymel® 203, Cymel® 211 , Cymel® 251, Cymel® 324, Cymel® 325, Cymel® 327, Cymel® 350, Cymel® 385, Cymel® 1130, Cymel® 1156, Cymel® 1116, Cymel® 1158 from Allnex USA Inc; Cymel® 204, Cymel® 238, Cymel® 303, Cymel® 323 from Cytec Industries Inc.; and U-VAN™ 120, U-VAN™ 20HS, U- VAN™ 20SE60, U-VAN™ 2021, U-VAN™ 2028, and U-VAN™ 28-60 from Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.
Examples of suitable polyisocyanates are include aliphatic polyisocyanates such as trimethylene diisocyanate, 1,2-propylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, 2,3- butylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, 4- isocyanatomethyl- 1,8-octane diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethyl hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4- trimethyl hexamethylene diisocyanate, dodecamethylene diisocyanate, a,a’-dipropyl ether diisocyanate, and transvinylidene diisocyanate; alicyclic polyisocyanates, such as 1,3- cyclopentylene diisocyanate, 1,2-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4-methyl-1, 3-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-dicyclohexylene diisocyanate methane, 3,3’- dimethyl-4,4’-dicyclohexylene diisocyanate methane, norbornane diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate; aromatic polyisocyanates such as m- and p-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,3- and 1,4- bis(isocyanate methyl) benzene, 1,5-dimethyl-2,4-bis(isocyanate methyl) benzene, 1,3,5- triisocyanate benzene, 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 2,4,6-toluene triisocyanate, a,a,a ,a’- tetramethyl o-, m-, and p-xylylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-diphenylene diisocyanate methane, 4,4'- diphenylene diisocyanate, 3,3'-dichloro-4,4'-diphenylene diisocyanate, and naphthalene-1, 5- diisocyanate; and any combinations thereof.
Adducts of polyisocyanates such as biurets, isocyanurates, allophonates, uretdiones and prepolymers of polyisocyanates may also be useful as the curing agent. Furthermore, (co)polymers of isocyanate-functional monomers such as a,a’-dimethyl-m-isopropenyl benzyl isocyanate may also be suitable.
Examples of suitable blocked polyisocyanates include the above-mentioned isocyanates and adducts thereof which have been modified by blocking isocyanate groups ( — N — C=0 group) thereof with a blocking agent. The blocking agents may be oximes such as formamide oxime, acetamide oxime, acetoxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, diacetyl monoxime, benzophenone oxime, and cyclohexane oxime; alcohols such an methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, glycolic acid, methyl glycolate, ethyl glycolate, butyl gly- colate, lactic acid, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, butyl lactate, methylol urea, methylol melamine, diacetone alcohol, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, phenols such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, nitrophenol, ethylphenol, hydroxydiphenyl, butylphenol, isopropylphenol, nonylphenol, octylphenol, and methyl hydroxybenzoate, ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, and methoxymethanol; lactams such as e-caprolactam, d-valerolactam, y-butyrolactam, and b- propiolactam; active methylene compounds such as dimethyl malonate, diethyl malonate, ethyl acetoacetate, methyl acetoacetate, and acetylacetone; mercaptans such as butyl mercaptan, tert-butyl mercaptan, hexyl mercaptan, tert-dodecyl mercaptan, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, thio- phenol, methylthiophenol, and ethylthiophenol; amides such as acetanilide, acetanisidide, ace- totoluide, acrylamide, methacrylamide, acetic acid amide, stearic acid amide, and benzamide; imides such as succinimide, phthalimide, and maleimide; amines such as diphenylamine, phe- nylnaphthylamine; xylidine, N-phenylxylidine, carbazole, aniline, naphthylamine, butylamine, dibutylamine, and butylphenylanime; imidazole or imidazole derivatives; ureas such as urea, thiourea, ethylene urea, ethylenethiourea, and diphenylurea; carbamates such as phenyl N- phenylcarbamate; imines such as ethyleneimine and propyleneimine; sulfites such as sodium bisulfite and potassium bisulfite; and azoles such as pyrazole or pyrazole derivatives.
(C) Organic Solvent
It has been surprisingly found that paint films having better appearance could be provided by employing the organic solvent comprising (C1) at least one ether having a boiling point of at least 200°C selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols and (C2) at least one hydrophilic diol having a molecular weight of less than 400 g/mol in water waterborne basecoat.
As the ether (C1), any alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols having a boiling point of at least 200°C and preferably having a molecular weight of no higher than 500 g/mol may be used. Alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols having a boiling point of 200°C to 300°C are more preferable. Herein, the boil ing point at each occurrence refers to boiling points under the pressure of 1 atm, unless other wise specified.
The alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may be mono- and dialkyl ethers of polyols, mono- and diaryl ethers of polyols, especially mono- and dialkyl ethers of diols, mono- and diaryl ethers of diols. Examples of the alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may include, but are not limited to alkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, alkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, alkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, alkylene glycol diaryl ethers, dialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, dialkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, dialkylene gly col monoaryl ethers, dialkylene glycol diaryl ethers, trialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, trial- kylene glycol dialkyl ethers, trialkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, and trialkylene glycol diaryl ethers.
Suitable alkylene glycols from which the alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may be derived are for example selected from linear or branched C2-C20-alkylene glycols, preferably linear or branched C2-C10-alkylene glycols, particularly linear or branched C2-C6-alkylene glycols. Ex amples of the alkylene glycols may include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1,2- pentanediol, 2,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl gly col (2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediol), 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,5- hexanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,8-octanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 1,12-dodecanediol and 1,18-octadecanediol.
Suitable dialkylene glycols from which the alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may be derived are for example di-C2-C10-alkylene glycols, preferably di-C2-C6-alkylene glycols, more preferably di- C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
Suitable trialkylene glycols from which the alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may be derived are for example tri-C2-C6-alkylene glycols, preferably tri-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
The alkyl moiety in the alkyl ethers of polyols may be linear or branched alkyl, preferably C1- C20-alkyl, more preferably C3-C10-alkyl, most preferably C4-C8-alkyl.
The aryl moiety in the alkyl ethers of polyols may be for example unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, preferably phenyl and C1-C10-alkyl substituted phenyl.
Preferred examples of the alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols may include, but are not limited to di ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (BDG), triethylene glycol monobutyl ether (BTG), diethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether (iBDG), diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (HeDG), ethylene glycol mono 2-ethylhexyl ether (EHG), diethylene glycol mono 2-ethylhexyl ether (EHDG), ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (PhG) and diethylene glycol monophenyl ether (PhDG).
As the hydrophilic diol (C2), diols having an HLB value of at least 9 are suitable, and particularly alkylene glycols and dialkylene glycols having an HLB value of at least 9 and a molecular weight of less than 400 g/mol may be mentioned. Herein, the HLB values at each occurrence refers to values according to Griffin method, unless otherwise specified.
Particularly, useful alkylene glycols may be selected from linear or branched C2-C20-alkylene glycols, preferably linear or branched C2-C10-alkylene glycols, particularly linear or branched C2-C6-alkylene glycols. Examples of the hydrophilic alkylene glycols may include but are not limited to ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3- butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 2,3-pentanediol, 1,4- pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol (2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediol), 1,4-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,5-hexanediol and 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol.
Useful dialkylene glycols may be selected from di-C2-C10-alkylene glycols, preferably di-C2-C6- alkylene glycols, more preferably di-C2-C4-alkylene glycols. Particularly suitable dialkylene gly cols may be diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or a combination thereof.
The ether (C1) and the hydrophilic diol (C2) may be used in a weight ratio from 5 : 2 to 2 : 5, preferably from 2 :1 to 1 : 2, more preferably from 3 : 2 to 2 : 3.
The ether (C1) and the hydrophilic diol (C2) may be comprised in the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention in a total amount of from 1 % to 8 % by weight, preferably from 2 % to 8% by weight, more preferably from 3 % to 6 % by weight, based on the weight of the waterborne basecoat composition.
It could be understood that the ether (C1) and the hydrophilic diol (C2) may be used in the presence of additional organic solvent conventionally used in the waterborne basecoat composition. Particularly, the organic solvent (C) may comprise at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon solvents such as mineral spirit, toluene, xylene, and solvent naphtha; alcoholic solvents other than the solvents (C1) and (C2) such as 1-hexanol, 1-octanol, 2-octanol, 2-ethyl- 1-hexanol and 1-decanol benzyl alcohol; ester solvents such as n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, isoamyl acetate and methylamyl acetate; and ketone solvents such as methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, ethyl n-amyl ketone and diisobutyl ketone.
The organic solvent (C) may be comprised in the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention in a total amount of from 1 % to 15 % by weight, preferably from 2 % to 12 % by weight, more preferably from 3 % to 10 % by weight, based on the weight of the water borne basecoat composition.
The waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention further comprise a color pigment such as white pigment and black pigment, an effect pigment or a combination thereof. Suitable color pigments and effect pigments are known in the art and are described in, for example, Rompp-Lexikon Lacke und Druckfarben, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 1998, page 176 and 451.
The waterborne basecoat composition optionally comprises at least one additional film-forming resin other than the water soluble or dispersible film-forming resin (A). The at least one additional film-forming resin may be suitably selected by a person skilled in the art according to practical requirement of the paint film.
As an example of the at least one additional film-forming resin, polyester resins may be mentioned, which may be an esterification or transesterification product of a carboxylic acid and/or carboxylic acid anhydride with a hydroxyl group-containing compound.
As suitable carboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids having at least two carboxyl groups per molecule are generally used for preparing the polyester resins. Examples of the polycarboxylic acids may include aliphatic polycarboxylic acids such as glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid and itaconic acid; aromatic polycarboxylic acids such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, trimellitic acid and pyromellitic acid; alicyclic polycarboxylic acids such as tetrahydrophthalic acid, tetrahydroisophthalic acid, tetrahydroterephthalic acid, hexahydrophthalic acid, hexahydroisophthalic acid and hexahydroterephthalic acid, which may be used alone or in a combination of two or more. Anhydrides of polycarboxylic acids may additionally or alternatively be used in the esterification or transesterification. Anhydrides of the polycarboxylic acids as mentioned hereinabove may be used, for example succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride and pyromellitic anhydride.
As suitable hydroxyl group-containing compounds, polyhydric alcohols having two or more hydroxyl groups per molecule are generally used for preparing the polyester resins. Examples of hydroxyl group-containing compounds may include alkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,2- butanediol, 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol,
2.4-pentanediol, 2,3-dimethyltrimethylene glycol, 3-methyl-4,3-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,5- pentanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,5-hexanediol, 1,4-hexanediol,
2.5-hexanediol and neopentyl glycol; ester diols such as bis(hydroxyethyl) terephthalate; polyether diols such as polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, and polybutylene glycols; trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, diglycerol, triglycerol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sorbitol, and mannitol, which may be used alone or in a combination of two or more.
The hydroxy-containing polyester resin may have been modified, for example with a fatty acid, a monoepoxy compound, a polyisocyanate compound, or the like, during or after the preparation of the resin.
The hydroxy-containing polyester resin useful for the waterborne basecoat composition according to present invention may be those prepared by any methods known in the art or may be commercially available.
As further examples of the at least one additional film-forming resin, polyurethane resins and acrylic resins may also be mentioned. At least one film-forming polyurethane and/or acrylic resin other than the species as the water soluble or dispersible film-forming resin (A) may be used as the at least one additional film-forming resin.
The waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention may also optionally include one or more of hardening/curing catalysts, thickeners, surface modifiers, wetting agents, de-foaming agents, plasticizers, fillers, film-forming adjuvants, ultraviolet light absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, and the like known to those skilled in the art.
The formulation of the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention is not particularly restricted, which may be in form of one-pack or multi-pack. Particularly, the waterborne basecoat composition may be formulated according to conventional automotive waterborne basecoat formulation by using the ether (C1) and the hydrophilic diol (C2). It could be understood that the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention may have already include the total amount of water medium such that a suitable viscosity for the purpose of painting could be provided. It is also possible that the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention may be diluted to the suitable viscosity by the addition of further water and/or by means of a small amount of organic solvent prior to painting.
There are no particular restrictions on the method for preparing the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention. Any methods known in the art such as kneading a mixture of the aforesaid resins and pigments, etc., and dispersing by means of a ball mill, sand mill, disperser, or the like, may be used.
The waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention may be applied by any conventional coating methods, such as air spray coating, air atomized electrostatic coating, rotational bell atomized electrostatic coating, and the like, preferably following prior application of an undercoat layer comprising an electrodeposition coating material and/or a sealing material for example in an automotive painting process.
Generally, the waterborne basecoat composition according to the present invention is applied such that a paint film having a thickness of 5 to 100 pm, preferably 10 to 60 pm may be obtained after curing, and then cured, for example at a temperature in the range from 100 to 200 °C, preferably from 120 to 180 °C, for a suitable time, such as from 10 minutes to 1 hour, and a cured paint film is thus obtained.
The present invention will be further described by Examples which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
EMBODIMENTS
Embodiment 1. A waterborne basecoat composition comprising
(A) a water soluble or dispersible film-forming resin selected from polyurethane resins, acrylic resins and a combination thereof;
(B) a curing agent; and
(C) an organic solvent comprising
(C1) at least one ether having a boiling point of at least 200°C, selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols; and
(C2) at least one hydrophilic diol having a molecular weight of less than 400 g/mol.
Embodiment 2. The waterborne basecoat composition according to embodiment 1, wherein the composition further comprises a pigment and preferably a white or black pigment.
Embodiment 3. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 2, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols having a boiling point of 200°C to 300°C. Embodiment 4. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols having a molecular weight of no more than 500 g/mol.
Embodiment 5. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any of embodiments 1 to 4, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from mono- and di-alkyl ethers of polyols and mono- and di-aryl ethers of polyols, and preferably mono- and di-alkyl ethers of diols and mono- and di-aryl ethers of diols.
Embodiment 6. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from alkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, alkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, alkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, alkylene glycol diaryl ethers, dialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, dialkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, dialkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, dialkylene glycol diaryl ethers, trialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, trialkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, trialkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, and trialkylene glycol diaryl ethers.
Embodiment 7. The waterborne basecoat composition according to embodiment 6, wherein said alkylene glycol is selected from linear or branched C2-C20-alkylene glycols, and preferably lin ear or branched C2-C10-alkylene glycols, and more preferably linear or branched C2-C6- alkylene glycols.
Embodiment 8. The waterborne basecoat composition according to embodiment 6, wherein said dialkylene glycol is selected from di-C2-C10-alkylene glycols, preferably di-C2-C6-alkylene gly cols and more preferably di-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
Embodiment 9. The waterborne basecoat composition according to embodiment 6, wherein said trialkylene glycol is selected from tri-C2-C6-alkylene glycols and preferably tri-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
Embodiment 10. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 6 to 9, wherein said alkyl in the alkyl ethers of polyols is selected from linear or branched alkyl, preferably C1-C20-alkyl, more preferably C3-C10-alkyl and even more preferably C4-C8-alkyl.
Embodiment 11. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 6 to 9, wherein said aryl in the alkyl ethers of polyols is selected from unsubstituted or substituted phenyl and preferably phenyl and C1-C10-alkyl substituted phenyl.
Embodiment 12. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 11, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from the group consisting of diethy lene glycol monobutyl ether (BDG), triethylene glycol monobutyl ether (BTG), diethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether (iBDG), diethylene glycol monohexyl ether (HeDG), ethylene glycol mono 2- ethylhexyl ether (EHG), diethylene glycol mono 2-ethylhexyl ether (EHDG), ethylene glycol monophenyl ether (PhG) and diethylene glycol monophenyl ether (PhDG). Embodiment 13. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, wherein said hydrophilic diol has an HLB value of at least 9.
Embodiment 14. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 13, wherein said component (C2) is at least one selected from di-C2-C10-alkylene glycols, preferably di-C2-C6-alkylene glycols and more preferably di-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
Embodiment 15. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 12, wherein said component (C2) is at least one selected from diethylene glycol and dipro pylene glycol.
Embodiment 16. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 15, wherein the ratio by weight of component (C1) and component (C2) is from 5 : 2 to 2 : 5, preferably from 2 : 1 to 1 : 2 and more preferably from 3 : 2 to 2 : 3.
Embodiment 17. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 16, wherein the weight percentage of said component (C1) and (C2) is from 1 % to 8 % by weight, preferably from 2 % to 8% by weight and more preferably from 3 % to 6 % by weight, based on the total weight of the waterborne basecoat composition.
Embodiment 18. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 17, wherein the composition comprises (A) from 10% to 30% by weight of the film-forming resin in terms of solid content; (B) from 3% to 10% by weight of the curing agent in terms of solid content; (C) from 5% to 15% by weight of the organic solvents; (D) from 0 to 5% by weight of optional film-forming resin other than the component (A) in terms of solid content; (E) from 0.5% to 5% by weight of black pigment; (F) 0 to 5 % by weight of additives; and (G) from 35% to 75% by weight of water, based on the total weight of the waterborne basedcoat composition.
Embodiment 19. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 17, wherein the composition comprises (A) from 5% to 20% by weight of the film-forming resin in terms of solid content; (B) from 1% to 5% by weight of the curing agent in terms of solid content; (C) from 5% to 15% by weight of the organic solvents; (D) from 0% to 10% by weight of optional film-forming resin other than the component (A) in terms of solid content; (E) from 20 % to 35% by weight of white pigment; (F) 0 to 5 % by weight of additives; and (G) from 35 % to 60% by weight of water, based on the total weight of the waterborne basecoat composition.
Embodiment 20. A use of the waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of embodiments 1 to 19 in an automotive paint and preferably an automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM) paint. EXAMPLE
I. Preparation Examples
Example 1.1 Preparation of Waterborne Basecoat Compositions (Polar White)
30 parts of polyurethane resin (DAOTAN® TW 1237/32WA, from Allnex, with a solid content of about 32 wt%), 50 parts of titanium dioxide(Ti-Pure® R-706, from DuPont), 5 parts of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 0.5 parts of triethanolamine and 14.5 parts of deionized water were mixed, and then milled to a particle size D50 of no more than 10 pm to obtain a white pigment dispersion paste.
18 parts of polyurethane resin (DAOTAN® TW 1237/32WA, from Allnex, with a solid content of about 32 wt %), 5 parts of acrylic resin (SETAQUA®6160, from Allnex, with a solid content of about 45 wt%), 45.5 parts of white pigment dispersion paste, 0.3 parts of an anti-foaming agent, 0.2 parts of a wetting agent and 27.5 parts of aqueous medium consisting of 22.5 parts of deionized water, 3 parts of triethylene glycol monobutyl ether (BTG) and 2 parts of ethylene glycol (EG) were introduced into a dispersion container, and then dispersed until the particle size D50 was no more than 10 pm. Next, 3 parts of a melamine resin (Cymel® 203, from Allnex, with a solid content of about 72 wt %) and 0.5 parts of triethanolamine were added and uniformly stirred to obtain the polar white paint PW-1.
The same process was followed to prepare the waterborne basecoat compositions PW-2 to PW-8 based on the formulations shown in Table 1. able 1
Figure imgf000016_0001
1BDG: diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2BTG: triethylene glycol monobutyl ether 3EG: ethylene glycol 4PG: propylene glycol
5Anti-foaming agent: Surfynol® 104E from Evonik 6Wetting agent: BYK® 347 from BYK
Example 1.2 Preparation of Waterborne Basecoat Compositions (Deep Black)
65 parts of polyurethane resin (DAOTAN® TW 1237/32WA, from Allnex, with a solid content of about 32 wt%), 10 parts of carbon black (MONARCH® 1300 from Cabot), 10 parts of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 1 parts of triethanolamine and 14 parts of deionized water were mixed, and then milled to a particle size D50 of no more than 8 pm to obtain a black pigment dispersion paste.
35 parts of polyurethane resin (DAOTAN® TW 1237/32WA, from Allnex, with a solid content of about 32 wt%), 3 parts of acrylic resin (SETAQUA 6160, from Allnex, with a solid content of about 45 wt%), 7 parts of black pigment dispersion paste, 0.3 parts of an anti-foaming agent and 49.2 parts of aqueous medium consisting of 44.2 parts of deionized water, 2.5 parts of tri ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (BTG) and 2.5 parts of ethylene glycol (EG) were introduced into a dispersion container, and then dispersed until the particle size D50 was no more than 10 pm. Next, 5 parts of a melamine resin (Cymel® 203, from Allnex, with a solid content of about 72 wt %) and 0.5 parts of triethanolamine were added and uniformly stirred to obtain the deep black paint DB 1.
The same process was followed to prepare the waterborne basecoat compositions DB-2 to DB- 7 based on the formulations shown in Table 2.
Table 2
Figure imgf000017_0001
1BDG: diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2BTG: triethylene glycol monobutyl ether 3EG: ethylene glycol 4PG: propylene glycol
5Anti-foaming agent: Surfynol® 104E from Evonik
II. Working Examples
A zinc phosphate treated steel plate was coated with a cationic electrodeposition paint (CathoGuard® 800, from BASF Coatings GmbH) by electrodeposition such that a dry paint film having a thickness of 11 pm was obtained, and then baked at 175 °C for 25 minutes. The obtained electrodeposition-coated plate was used as the substrate for painting in the following working Examples (hereinafter referred to as the ED plate).
Example 11.1 Production and Evaluation of Polar White Paint films
The ED plate was painted with a polar white paint as prepared in Example 1.1 by means of a rotary atomizer (EcoBell II, from Durr Systems AG, Germany) (outflow rate of 380ml/min, rotational speed: 40,000rpm, voltage: 60 kv) at a temperature of 23 °C and a humidity of 65% so as to provide a dry film thickness of 29 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 3 minutes and then flashed off at 80 °C for 10 minutes. After cooling to 23 °C, a clearcoat paint (ProGloss®, from BASF Coatings GmbH) was applied so as to provide a dry film thickness of 50 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 10 minutes and then baked horizontally at 140 °C for 30 minutes, to obtain the final plate with a polar white paint film.
Another set of polar white paint films was produced on the ED plate in accordance with the same process except that the baking was carried out with the plate being placed vertically.
The produced polar white paint films were evaluated for smoothness in terms of Lw and Sw and for gloss in terms of DOI (distinctness of image) by an orange peel meter (BYK 4840 wave scan dual, from BYK-Gardner GmbH), according to DIN EN ISO 2813. The measurement results are summarized in Table 3.
Table 3
Figure imgf000019_0001
It can be seen from the results as shown in Table 3 that the paint films produced by using the waterborne basecoat compositions according to the present invention (Nos. 1 to 4 and 9 to 12) have better smoothness represented by the lower Lw values, while showing comparable gloss, compared with the paint films obtained by the waterborne basecoat compositions comprising none or just one of the organic solvents (C1) and (C2).
Example II.2 Production and Evaluation of Deep Black Paint films
The ED plate was painted with a deep black paint as prepared in Example 1.2 by means of a rotary atomizer (EcoBell II, from Durr Systems AG, Germany) (outflow rate of 380ml/min, rotational speed: 40,000rpm, voltage: 60 kv) at a temperature of 23 °C and a humidity of 65% so as to provide a dry film thickness of 15 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 3 minutes and then flashed off at 80 °C for 10 minutes. After cooling to 23 °C, a clearcoat paint (ProGloss®, from BASF Coatings GmbH) was applied so as to provide a dry film thickness of 50 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 10 minutes and then baked horizontally at 140 °C for 30 minutes, to obtain the final plate with a deep black paint film. The produced deep black paint films were also evaluated for smoothness and gloss in the same way as described in Example 11.1. The measurement results are summarized in Table 4. able 4
Figure imgf000020_0001
It can be seen from the results as shown in Table 4 that the paint films produced by using the waterborne basecoat compositions according to the present invention (Nos. 17 to 20) have bet ter smoothness represented by the lower Lw values, while showing comparable gloss, com pared with the paint films obtained by the waterborne basecoat compositions comprising none or just one of the organic solvents (C1) and (C2).
Example II.3 Simulation of Commercially Producing Polar White Paint films on Door Sill Parts
The ED plate was heated to 55 °C and then painted when the plate is 50 °C with a polar white paint as prepared in Example 1.1 by means of a rotary atomizer (EcoBell II, from Durr Systems AG, Germany) (outflow rate of 380ml/min, rotational speed: 40,000rpm, voltage: 60 kv) at a temperature of 23 °C and a humidity of 65% so as to provide a dry film thickness of 15 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 3 minutes and then flashed off at 80 °C for 10 minutes. After cooling to 23 °C, a clearcoat paint (ProGloss®, from BASF Coatings GmbH) was applied so as to provide a dry film thickness of 37 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 10 minutes and then baked horizontally at 140 °C for 30 minutes, to obtain the final plate with a polar white paint film.
The produced polar white paint films were evaluated for smoothness and gloss in the same way as described in Example 11.1. The measurement results are summarized in Table 5.
Table 5
Figure imgf000020_0002
Example 11.4 Simulation of Commercially Producing Deep Black Paint films on Door Sill Parts
The ED plate was heated to 55 °C and then painted when the plate was at a temperature of 50 °C with a deep black paint as prepared in Example 1.2 by means of a rotary atomizer (EcoBell II, from Durr Systems AG, Germany) (outflow rate of 380ml/min, rotational speed: 40,000rpm, voltage: 60 kv) at a temperature of 23 °C and a humidity of 65% so as to provide a dry film thickness of 10 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 3 minutes and then flashed off at 80 °C for 10 minutes. After cooling to 23 °C, a clearcoat paint (ProGloss®, from BASF Coatings GmbH) was applied so as to provide a dry film thickness of 37 pm. Following the painting, the plate was left for 10 minutes and then baked horizontally at 140 °C for 30 minutes, to obtain the final plate with a deep black paint film.
The produced deep black paint films were also evaluated for smoothness and gloss in the same way as described in Example 11.1. The measurement results are summarized in Table 6. able 6
Figure imgf000021_0001
It can be seen from the results as shown in Tables 5 and 6 that the paint films produced by us ing the waterborne basecoat compositions according to the present invention (Polar White Nos. 24 to 27 and Deep Black Nos. 32 to 35) have significantly improved smoothness, and show bet ter gloss, compared with corresponding paint films obtained by the waterborne basecoat com positions comprising none or just one of the organic solvents (C1) and (C2). The loss of film gloss and smoothness due to the elevated temperature of the substrate prior to painting was prevented to an appreciable extent by the waterborne basecoat compositions according to the present invention. It can be expected that the appearance of the paint films on door sill parts can be significantly improved by using the waterborne basecoat compositions according to the present invention for the automotive OEM painting.

Claims

Claims
1. A waterborne basecoat composition comprising
(A) a water soluble or dispersible film-forming resin selected from polyurethane resins, acrylic resins and a combination thereof;
(B) a curing agent; and
(C) an organic solvent comprising
(C1) at least one ether having a boiling point of at least 200°C, selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols; and
(C2) at least one hydrophilic diol having a molecular weight of less than 400 g/mol.
2. The waterborne basecoat composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a pigment and preferably a white or black pigment.
3. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols having a boiling point of 200°C to 300°C.
4. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from alkyl or aryl ethers of polyols having a molecular weight of no more than 500 g/mol.
5. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein said com ponent (C1) is at least one selected from mono- and di-alkyl ethers of polyols and mono- and di aryl ethers of polyols, and preferably mono- and di-alkyl ethers of diols and mono- and di-aryl ethers of diols.
6. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from alkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, alkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, alkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, alkylene glycol diaryl ethers, dialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, dialkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, dialkylene glycol monoaryl ethers, dialkylene glycol diaryl ethers, trialkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers, trialkylene glycol dialkyl ethers, trial- kylene glycol monoaryl ethers, and trialkylene glycol diaryl ethers.
7. The waterborne basecoat composition according to claim 6, wherein said alkylene glycol is selected from linear or branched C2-C20-alkylene glycols, and preferably linear or branched C2-C10-alkylene glycols, and more preferably linear or branched C2-C6-alkylene glycols.
8. The waterborne basecoat composition according to claim 6, wherein said dialkylene glycol is selected from di-C2-C10-alkylene glycols, preferably di-C2-C6-alkylene glycols and more pref erably di-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
9. The waterborne basecoat composition according to claim 6, wherein said trialkylene glycol is selected from tri-C2-C6-alkylene glycols and preferably tri-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
10. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein said alkyl in the alkyl ethers of polyols is selected from linear or branched alkyl, preferably C1-C20- alkyl, more preferably C3-C10-alkyl and even more preferably C4-C8-alkyl.
11. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein said aryl in the alkyl ethers of polyols is selected from unsubstituted or substituted phenyl and preferably phenyl and C1-C10-alkyl substituted phenyl.
12. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein said component (C1) is at least one selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol mono butyl ether, triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monohexyl ether, ethylene glycol mono 2-ethylhexyl ether, diethylene glycol mono 2- ethylhexyl ether, ethylene glycol monophenyl ether and diethylene glycol monophenyl ether.
13. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein said hydrophilic diol has an HLB value of at least 9.
14. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein said component (C2) is at least one selected from di-C2-C10-alkylene glycols, preferably di-C2-C6- alkylene glycols and more preferably di-C2-C4-alkylene glycols.
15. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein said component (C2) is at least one selected from diethylene glycol and dipropylene glycol.
16. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the ratio by weight of component (C1) and component (C2) is from 5 : 2 to 2 : 5, preferably from 2 :1 to 1 : 2 and more preferably from 3 : 2 to 2 : 3.
17. The waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the weight percentage of said component (C1) and (C2) is from 1 % to 8 % by weight, preferably from 2 % to 8% by weight and more preferably from 3 % to 6 % by weight, based on the total weight of the waterborne basecoat composition.
18. A use of the waterborne basecoat composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17 in an automotive paint and preferably an automotive original equipment manufacturer (OEM) paint.
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