WO2021174794A1

WO2021174794A1 - Monitoring and verifying system and method for overall failure mode of soil-rock dual-element side slope

Info

Publication number: WO2021174794A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/113602
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李连祥; 贾斌; 李胜群; 韩志霄; 侯颖雪
Original assignee: 山东大学
Priority date: 2020-03-02
Filing date: 2020-09-04
Publication date: 2021-09-10
Also published as: CN111305286B; AU2020433233B2; CN111305286A; AU2020433233A1

Abstract

A monitoring and verifying system and method for an overall failure mode of a soil-rock dual-element side slope. The method comprises: 1) simulating a side slope by means of finite element software to obtain a slip line of the side slope; 2) making, according to a side slope construction scheme, a monitoring scheme of monitoring displacement changes of a slope top and a potential slip surface; 3) performing construction according to an arrangement scheme, and performing monitoring; 4) collating monitoring data, and analyzing displacement change conditions of the surface and the interior of the side slope; 5) determining the position of the slip line according to the monitored and analyzed displacement change conditions of the surface of the side slope, and drawing the slip line of the side slope according to a maximum displacement point inside the side slope; and 6) verifying, according to the obtained slip line of the side slope, the slip line obtained by a finite element method, and providing guidance for the subsequent side slope support structure construction by means of the finite element software.

Description

System and method for monitoring and verifying overall failure mode of soil-rock dual-element slope

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of slope failure mode monitoring, in particular to a monitoring verification system and method for the overall failure mode of a soil-rock dual-element slope.

Background technique

During foundation pit excavation and road construction, sometimes a slope with a soil layer on the top and a rock on the bottom is encountered. We call it a soil-rock dual-element slope. At present, the theoretical circle generally believes that the soil slope is the overall arc failure mode; the overall failure mode of the rock slope is relatively complicated, which is related to the rock properties and is diverse. There is a lack of research and consensus on the overall failure mode of soil-rock dual-element slopes at home and abroad.

In recent years, with the continuous development of Jinan's urban construction, four types of soil-rock dual-element foundation pit slopes have appeared. According to different degrees of rock weathering, they are soil+full weathering, soil+full weathering+strong weathering, soil+full weathering+strong weathering+medium weathering, soil+medium weathering rock slopes; research and determine their overall failure mode, for It has important theoretical significance and engineering value to promote the country's relevant technological progress and urban development and construction; however, currently, there is no method for determining the failure mode of the above-mentioned slope in the existing technology.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention discloses a monitoring verification system and method for the overall failure mode of a soil-rock dual-element slope. The failure mode of the slope can also provide guidance for the subsequent construction of the slope support structure.

In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for monitoring and verifying the overall failure mode of a dual-element soil and rock slope, which includes the following steps:

1) Simulate the slope through finite element software to obtain the slip line of the slope;

2) Develop a monitoring plan for monitoring the displacement changes at the top of the slope and the potential slip surface according to the slope construction plan; including the layout plan of deep soil displacement points, slope top displacement monitoring points and leveling base points;

3) Carry out construction and monitor according to the layout plan determined in step 2);

4) Sorting out the monitoring data, analyzing the surface and internal displacement changes of the slope, especially the displacement changes at the interface between soil and fully weathered rock and at the interface between fully weathered rock and strongly weathered rock;

5) Determine the position of the slip line according to the monitoring and analysis of the slope surface displacement change, and draw the slip line of the slope according to the maximum displacement point inside the slope;

6) Compare the slope slip line obtained in step 5) with the slip line obtained by the finite element method. If there is no difference, use the finite element software to simulate the next supporting structure and guide the construction. If there is a difference , Re-run finite element simulation, and compare again until there is no difference.

As a further technical solution, the deployment standards of the monitoring solution in step 2) are as follows:

2-1) Determine the layout plan of the leveling base point: the leveling base point needs to be placed on the top of the slope and outside the impact distance of the slope construction. The impact distance is determined by the height of the slope. According to the research, the construction has the largest surface displacement of the slope top The scope of influence will not exceed the value of the thickness of the soil plus fully weathered rock layer.

2-2) Determine the area where the slope construction has the greatest impact on the surface displacement of the slope top: starting from the intersection of the slope top and the slope surface, measure the area that is equivalent to the thickness of the soil plus the fully weathered rock layer in the direction away from the slope construction. This part of the area is the area where the slope construction has the greatest impact on the surface displacement of the slope top, and the leveling base point can be arranged outside this area.

2-3) Determining the monitoring point of deep soil displacement: The purpose of the monitoring scheme used in the present invention is to obtain the stability of the soil-rock dual-element slope during construction. Since the slope is composed of different stratums, in order to verify whether the interface will be A sudden change occurs, so most of the measuring points of the inclinometer tube are arranged at the interface of each layer, and a few are arranged inside the soil layer. Generally, the monitoring range of the inclinometer tube should exceed the area where slippage occurs during the finite element calculation (at least one inclinometer tube should be arranged outside the slip surface), and a monitoring point should be arranged at the soil-rock interface.

2-4) Determine the slope top displacement monitoring point: the slope top displacement monitoring point is arranged at the position 1m and 2m away from the intersection line of the slope top and the slope surface.

As a further technical solution, the specific steps of step 3) are as follows:

3-1) A level is arranged at the base point of the level.

3-2) At the slope top displacement monitoring point, round-head steel bars chiseled into the ground to a certain depth are selected, the ground settlement of the monitoring point is obtained by observing the settlement of the steel round head, and the monitoring point is obtained by observing the distance between the steel round head and the leveling base point The height of the round head steel bar on the ground can be easily observed.

3-3) The inclinometer tubes matched with the inclinometer should be pre-embedded at the displacement points of the deep soil. The inclinometer tubes should be measured every 1m to ensure that the displacements of the soil layers at different depths are measured. Inclined pipes should be arranged as far as possible at the interface of stratum, and multiple rows of inclinometer pipes are arranged to form multiple rows of deep soil displacement monitoring points.

3-4) On the upper part of the slip surface, the vertical displacement of the surrounding soil is large and the horizontal displacement is small, so the deep soil displacement monitoring points on the left and right sides of the slip surface obtained by finite element simulation are arranged with layered settlement instruments , Installed at the same time with the inclinometer, the installation depth is 0.1h.

As a further technical solution, the specific steps of the step 4) are as follows:

4-1) Collecting and sorting out the data of each slope displacement monitoring point, drawing the slope top horizontal displacement value statistical table and slope top settlement statistical table;

4-2) Collect and sort out the data of various deep soil displacement monitoring points, and use the displacement statistics table of the monitoring points to make statistics.

As a further technical solution, the specific steps of step 6) are as follows:

According to the slope slip line obtained in step 5), verify the slip line obtained by the finite element software. If the difference between the two is not large, it can indicate that the calculation result of the finite element software is reliable. Calculate the construction steps to improve the construction location and quantity of the supporting structure.

In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a monitoring and verification system for the overall failure mode of a soil-rock dual-element slope based on the above-mentioned method, including:

Surface displacement monitoring device, which is installed on the top of the slope to monitor the horizontal and vertical displacement of the top of the slope;

Inclinometer tube, which is installed inside the slope soil and the soil-rock interface, used to monitor the horizontal displacement of the slope soil and the soil-rock interface;

The layered settlement instrument, which is installed on the sliding surface of the slope, is used to monitor the vertical displacement of the slope soil;

The data processing device obtains the data monitored by the surface displacement monitoring device, the inclinometer and the layered settlement instrument, and analyzes the surface and internal displacement changes of the slope, especially the interface between the soil and the fully weathered rock and the interaction between the fully weathered rock and the strongly weathered rock The displacement change at the interface; determine the position of the slip line according to the monitoring and analysis of the slope surface displacement change, and draw the slope slip line according to the maximum displacement point inside the slope; compare the obtained slope slip line with Compare the slip lines obtained by the finite element method. If there is no difference, use the finite element software to simulate the next supporting structure and guide the construction. If there is a difference, perform the finite element simulation again and compare again until there is no difference.

The monitoring and verification system for the overall failure mode of the soil and rock dual-element slope proposed in the present invention can understand the specific change values of the horizontal and vertical displacements of the slope top through the surface displacement device installed on the top of the slope; understand the slope through the inclinometer tube For the internal horizontal displacement, the change value of the internal vertical displacement of the slope can be learned through the layered settlement instrument, so that a comprehensive monitoring of the slope can be realized, and the displacement, inclination, and force of the slope can be fully understood in time. Verify the accuracy of the simulation.

Compared with the existing soil and rock slope monitoring system, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) The monitoring and verification system for the overall failure mode of the soil-rock dual-element slope provided by the present invention can obtain the slip curve of the slope through the monitoring data. This method not only verifies the failure of the soil-rock dual-element slope through the finite element calculation The model also provides an important basis for the calculation of the slope safety factor, and can guide the design and maintenance of the supporting structure.

2) The monitoring system of the present invention only uses the inclinometer tube, the layered settlement instrument and the round head steel bar to monitor the displacement of the slope top surface. The cost is low, the operation is simple, and the existing mature instruments are used to obtain undiscovered things. Played the role of monitoring equipment.

Description of the drawings

The drawings of the specification forming a part of the application are used to provide a further understanding of the application, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the application are used to explain the application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the application.

Figure 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a diagram of the instrument layout of the soil-rock dual-element slope monitoring system of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a top view of the slope displacement monitoring point;

In the figure: 1 is the surface displacement device, 2 is the inclinometer tube, 3 is the arc-planar slip surface, 4 is the interface between soil and fully weathered rock, 5 is the interface between fully weathered rock and strongly weathered rock, and 6 is the measurement Inclined tube reading platform, 7 is the surface displacement monitoring point.

Detailed ways

It should be pointed out that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and are intended to provide further explanations for the application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs.

It should be noted that the terms used here are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the present invention clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, they Indicate the existence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;

In recent years, with the continuous development of Jinan's urban construction, four types of soil-rock dual-element foundation pit slopes have appeared. According to the different degree of rock weathering, they are soil+full weathering, soil+full weathering+strong weathering, soil+full weathering+strong weathering+medium weathering, soil+medium weathering rock slope. Studying and determining their overall destruction mode has important theoretical significance and engineering value for promoting the country's relevant technological progress and urban development and construction. At present, there is no failure mode of the above-mentioned slope in the prior art.

According to the finite element simulation result, the soil removal + fully weathered rock slope exhibits the overall failure behavior of the circular arc sliding of the soil slope, and the other three dual-element soil and rock slopes are basically circular arc + plane sliding overall failure modes. In order to verify and determine the results of the overall failure mode of the above-mentioned soil-rock dual-element slope, combined with existing monitoring technology, the horizontal displacement of the deep soil at different positions of the slope cross-section is monitored by the inclinometer, and the upper soil displacement at the series of soil-rock interfaces is judged. Large, the inclinometer tube has a sudden change in the displacement of the rock-soil interface, connects the sudden change points of the displacement to establish a slip curve, judges the nature of the plane slip surface of the soil-rock interface, and proves the overall failure mode of the soil-rock slope.

This embodiment is a typical embodiment. As shown in Figure 2, the monitoring and verification system for the overall failure mode of the soil-rock dual-element slope includes a surface displacement device 1 ( Refer to Figure 3 for the specific layout. The surface displacement monitoring point 7 in Figure 3 represents the installation position of the surface displacement device 1), which is installed inside the soil, especially at the interface between soil and rock (corresponding to the interface between soil and fully weathered rock in Figure 2 4 and the interface between fully weathered rock and strongly weathered rock 5) Inclinometer for monitoring the displacement of deep soils 2 and a layered settlement instrument and data processing device installed near the arc-planar slip surface 3 to monitor the vertical displacement of the soil .

Further, the surface displacement device 1 uses round-headed steel bars, and the specific installation method is: use round-headed steel bars chiseled into the ground to a certain depth at the slope top displacement monitoring point, and obtain the ground of the monitoring point by observing the settlement of the round head of the steel bar. For settlement, the horizontal displacement of the monitoring point can be obtained by observing the distance between the round head of the steel bar and the base point of the leveling, and the height of the round head steel bar on the ground can be easily observed.

Further, for the specific arrangement of the layered sedimentation instrument, refer to FIG. 2, multiple layers are arranged along the height direction of the slope, and multiple rows and multiple columns are arranged on each layer. Specifically, on the upper part of the slip surface, the vertical displacement of the surrounding soil is large and the horizontal displacement is small. Therefore, the layered settlement instrument is arranged at the deep soil displacement monitoring points on the left and right sides of the slip surface obtained by finite element simulation. It is installed at the same time as the inclinometer, and the installation depth is 0.1h. (In this example, according to the finite element calculation, the cracking point of the slope top of the slip surface is located between 1.1h and 1.2h from the horizontal distance of the slope toe, so the installation position of the layered settlement instrument is 1.1h and 1.2h from the horizontal distance of the slope toe ).

Further, the specific installation method of the inclinometer tube 2 is: pre-embedding the inclinometer tube at the deep soil displacement monitoring points, and the inclinometer tube 2 should measure data every 1m to ensure that different depths are measured. The size of the displacement of the soil layer, and the inclinometer tube 2 should be arranged as far as possible at the interface of the stratum. The arrangement of multiple rows of inclinometer tubes forms multiple rows of deep soil displacement monitoring points.

Further, the data processing device obtains the data monitored by the surface displacement monitoring device, inclinometer and layered settlement instrument, and analyzes the surface and internal displacement changes of the slope, especially the interface between soil and fully weathered rock, and fully weathered rock and strong weathering The displacement change at the rock interface; the position of the slip line is determined according to the monitoring and analysis of the slope surface displacement change, and the slip line of the slope is drawn according to the maximum displacement point inside the slope; the slope slip will be obtained The line is compared with the slip line obtained by the finite element method. If there is no difference, the finite element software is used to simulate the next supporting structure and guide the construction. If there is a difference, perform the finite element simulation again and compare again until there is no difference. difference.

The monitoring and verification system for the overall failure mode of the soil and rock dual-element slope disclosed in this embodiment can understand the specific change values of the horizontal and vertical displacement of the slope top through the surface displacement device installed on the top of the slope; it can be learned through the inclinometer For the horizontal displacement inside the slope, the change value of the vertical displacement inside the slope can be learned through the layered settlement instrument, so that a comprehensive monitoring of the slope can be realized, and the displacement, inclination, and force of the slope can be fully understood in time , Compare with the slip line simulated by finite element software.

Based on the above system, this embodiment also provides a monitoring verification method, that is, the slope is first simulated by finite element software to obtain the slip line of the slope, and then the slope is monitored, and the slope is obtained from the monitoring data. The maximum internal displacement points, connect these points into a curve to obtain the slip line of the slope, use the obtained slope slip line to verify the slip line obtained by the finite element software, if the difference between the two is not large, it can be explained The calculation results of the finite element software are reliable. Then use the finite element software to calculate the subsequent construction steps to improve the construction position and quantity of the supporting structure. details as follows:

6) Verify the slip line obtained by the finite element method according to the slope slip line obtained in step 5), and provide guidance for the next slope support structure construction through the finite element software.

Further, the deployment standards of the monitoring plan in step 2) are as follows:

2-3) Determining the monitoring point of deep soil displacement: The purpose of the monitoring scheme used in the present invention is to obtain the failure mode of the soil-rock dual-element slope during construction. Since the slope is composed of different strata, it is necessary to verify whether the interface will be damaged. A sudden change occurred, so most of the monitoring points of the inclinometer tube were arranged at the interface of each layer, and a few were arranged inside the soil layer. Generally, the monitoring range of the inclinometer tube should exceed the area where slippage occurs during the finite element calculation (at least one inclinometer tube should be arranged outside the slip surface), and a monitoring point should be arranged at the soil-rock interface.

2-4) Determine the slope top displacement monitoring points: The slope top displacement monitoring points are arranged according to the finite element calculation results. At least one slope top displacement monitoring point is arranged inside and outside the landslide body. In this example, it is arranged at a distance from the top of the slope. At the position of 0.1h and 0.2h intersecting the slope. (h is the slope height)

The specific steps of step 3) are as follows:

3-1) Deploying a leveling instrument at the leveling base point Deploying a leveling instrument at the leveling base point.

3-3) The inclinometer tube should be pre-embedded at the monitoring points of the deep soil displacement. The inclinometer tube should measure the data every 1m to ensure that the displacement of the soil layer at different depths is measured, and the inclinometer tube should be as far as possible Arranged at the stratum interface, multiple rows of deep soil displacement monitoring points are formed through the arrangement of multiple rows of inclinometer tubes.

3-4) On the upper part of the slip surface, the vertical displacement of the surrounding soil is large and the horizontal displacement is small, so the deep soil displacement monitoring points on the left and right sides of the slip surface obtained by finite element simulation are arranged with layered settlement instruments , Installed at the same time with the inclinometer, the installation depth is 0.1h. (In this example, according to the finite element calculation, the cracking point of the slope top of the slip surface is located between 1.1h and 1.2h from the horizontal distance of the slope toe, so the installation position of the layered settlement instrument is 1.1h and 1.2h from the horizontal distance of the slope toe )

Further, the specific steps of the step 4) are as follows:

Statistical table of slope top horizontal displacement value

Slope Top Settlement Value Statistics Table

4-2) Collect and sort out the data of various deep soil displacement monitoring points (inclinometer tube and layered settlement instrument), and fill in the monitoring point displacement statistics table; in particular, when collecting data on the slope position of the inclinometer tube, a station is required Read on the pre-built platform; (The coordinates in the table are the position of the inclinometer tube in this example. In actual applications, the position of the inclinometer tube can be flexibly adjusted according to the thickness of each layer to meet the requirements of 1-3).

Statistical Table of Horizontal Displacement Values of Deep Soil

Statistical Table of Settlement Value of Deep Soil

Further, the specific steps of step 5) are as follows:

According to the monitoring point displacement statistics table in step 5-1) and step 5-2), determine the x and y coordinates of the maximum displacement point inside the slope, and then draw the slope slip curve (the maximum displacement is the horizontal displacement vector plus the vertical The modulus length value of the straight displacement vector), and then determine the failure mode of the slope. In order to facilitate the understanding of step 4-3), here is an example.

Table 1 Statistical Table of Horizontal Displacement Values of the Top of the Slope

Table 2 Slope Top Settlement Value Statistics Table

Table 3 Statistical Table of Horizontal Displacement Values of Deep Soil

Table 4 Statistical Table of Settlement Value of Deep Soil

In this example, the slope ratio is 1:1, and the toe of the slope is taken as the origin of the coordinate. According to the data in Table 1 and Table 2, it is judged that the cracking point of the slope top of the sliding surface is between 0.1h and 0.2h from the horizontal distance from the top of the slope. The median value, the coordinates of the cracking point are (1.15h, h); according to the data in Table 3 and Table 4, we get:

①At a vertical distance of 0.1h from the top of the slope, it is judged that the sliding surface is between 1.1h and 1.2h from the horizontal distance from the toe of the slope, whichever is the middle value, and the coordinates are (1.15h, 0.9h)

②At a vertical distance of 0.3h from the top of the slope, it is judged that the slip surface is between 0.9h and 1.1h from the horizontal distance from the slope toe. Refer to the data at a horizontal distance of 0.75h from the monitoring point to the slope toe, and infer it according to the linear law. The coordinates where the horizontal displacement value is 0 are (1.067h, 0.7h)

③At a vertical distance of 0.5h from the top of the slope, it is judged that the sliding surface is between 0.6h and 0.75h from the horizontal distance from the toe of the slope, the middle value is taken, and the coordinates are (0.675h, 0.5h)

The curve drawn according to the coordinates in the above figure is the arc slip line of the slope, and the boundary between the fully weathered rock layer and the strongly weathered rock layer is the slip line of the soil-rock dual-element slope. Then it is compared with the slip line obtained by the finite element method to verify the correctness of the result of the finite element method and provide support for the next step of the finite element analysis.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the application, and are not intended to limit the application. For those skilled in the art, the application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

A method for monitoring and verifying the overall failure mode of a soil-rock dual-element slope, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

1) Simulate the slope through finite element software to obtain the slip line of the slope;

2) Develop a monitoring plan for monitoring the displacement changes at the top of the slope and the potential slip surface according to the slope construction plan; including the layout plan of deep soil displacement points, slope top displacement monitoring points and leveling base points;

3) Carry out construction and monitor according to the layout plan determined in step 2);

4) Sorting out the monitoring data, analyzing the surface and internal displacement changes of the slope, especially the displacement changes at the interface between soil and fully weathered rock and at the interface between fully weathered rock and strongly weathered rock;

5) Determine the position of the slip line according to the changes in the slope surface displacement obtained from the monitoring analysis, and draw the slip line of the slope according to the maximum displacement point inside the slope;

6) Compare the slope slip line obtained in step 5) with the slip line obtained by the finite element method. If there is no difference, use the finite element software to simulate the next supporting structure and guide the construction. If there is a difference , Re-run finite element simulation, and compare again until there is no difference.
The monitoring verification method according to claim 1, wherein the layout plan of the leveling base point in step 1):

Determine the area where the slope construction has the greatest impact on the surface displacement of the slope top. This area is the area where the intersection of the slope top and the slope surface is taken as the starting point, and one time the slope height is measured away from the slope construction direction; the leveling base point is placed on the slope It is located beyond the influence distance of the slope construction.
The monitoring verification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step 2), most of the monitoring points of deep soil displacement are arranged at the interface of each layer, and a few are arranged inside the soil layer.
The monitoring verification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step 2), the slope top displacement monitoring points are arranged at positions 1m and 2m away from the intersection line of the slope top and the slope surface.
The monitoring verification method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step 3): arranging a level at the base point of the leveling; at the slope top displacement monitoring point, select round-headed steel bars chiseled into the ground to a certain depth, and observe the round-head of the steel bars. Observe the ground settlement of the monitoring point, and obtain the horizontal displacement of the monitoring point by observing the distance between the round head of the steel bar and the base point of the leveling.
The monitoring verification method according to claim 5, characterized in that, in the step 3): the inclinometer tubes matched with the inclinometer are respectively pre-embedded at the displacement points of the deep soil, and the inclinometer tubes are arranged at intervals One, and the inclinometer tube is arranged at the stratum interface, and multiple rows of deep soil displacement monitoring points are formed by the arrangement of multiple rows of inclinometer tubes.
The monitoring verification method according to claim 6, characterized in that, in the step 3): the deep soil displacement monitoring points on the left and right sides of the slip surface obtained by the finite element simulation are arranged with a layered settlement instrument, and Inclined pipes are installed at the same time.
The monitoring verification method according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of step 4) are as follows:

4-1) Collect and sort out the data of each slope displacement monitoring point, draw the slope top horizontal displacement value statistics table and slope top settlement statistics table;

4-2) Collect and sort out the data of various deep soil displacement monitoring points, and use the displacement statistics table of the monitoring points to make statistics.
The monitoring verification method according to claim 8, wherein the specific steps of step 5) are as follows:

According to the monitoring point displacement statistics table of step 4-1) and step 4-2), determine the x and y coordinates of the maximum displacement point inside the slope, and then draw the slip curve of the slope, and then determine the failure mode of the slope.
A monitoring and verification system for the overall failure mode of a soil-rock dual-element slope, which is characterized in that it includes

Surface displacement monitoring device, which is installed on the top of the slope to monitor the horizontal and vertical displacement of the top of the slope;

Inclinometer tube, which is installed inside the slope soil and the soil-rock interface, used to monitor the horizontal displacement of the slope soil and the soil-rock interface;

The layered settlement instrument, which is installed on the sliding surface of the slope, is used to monitor the vertical displacement of the slope soil;

The data processing device obtains the data monitored by the surface displacement monitoring device, the inclinometer and the layer settlement instrument, and analyzes the surface and internal displacement changes of the slope, especially the interface between the soil and the fully weathered rock and the interaction between the fully weathered rock and the strongly weathered rock The displacement change at the interface; determine the position of the slip line according to the monitoring and analysis of the slope surface displacement change, and draw the slope slip line according to the maximum displacement point inside the slope; compare the obtained slope slip line with Compare the slip lines obtained by the finite element method. If there is no difference, use the finite element software to simulate the next supporting structure and guide the construction. If there is a difference, perform the finite element simulation again and compare again until there is no difference.