WO2021156799A1 - Embankment wall structure of monolithic facing panels, changer panels, standard facing panels and said panels thereof - Google Patents
Embankment wall structure of monolithic facing panels, changer panels, standard facing panels and said panels thereof Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021156799A1 WO2021156799A1 PCT/IB2021/050931 IB2021050931W WO2021156799A1 WO 2021156799 A1 WO2021156799 A1 WO 2021156799A1 IB 2021050931 W IB2021050931 W IB 2021050931W WO 2021156799 A1 WO2021156799 A1 WO 2021156799A1
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- panels
- panel
- changer
- facing
- wall structure
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
- E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
- E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
- E01F15/0476—Foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
- E02D5/803—Ground anchors with pivotable anchoring members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
- E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
- E01F15/08—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
- E01F15/088—Details of element connection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
- E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
Definitions
- PANELS CHANGER PANELS. STANDARD FACING PANELS AND
- the present invention generally relates to the field of retaining or protecting walls. More particularly, the present invention relates to an embankment wall structure with various facing panels which aid to counter top panel movements and rotations thus, allows speedy execution and saves cost in terms of manpower, diesel, machineries etc.
- Facing panels are generally used on wall facing of retaining walls, particularly, Reinforced Soil Wall and Slopes associated structures, which are structures for holding, in place, a mass of earth by reinforcement with elements in form of strips, grids or mesh. These facing panels prevent deterioration or failure of reinforced and backfill soil. These facing panels are generally comprised of concrete or other materials such as metal or wood and such facing panels can be of different shapes or sizes.
- the wall facing comprises of interlocking facing panels or elements secured to the reinforcement at the face of a Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall (RSR wall) structure which serves the purpose to restrain soil and resists pressure of the soil that is being held back.
- the facing panels or elements are prefabricated or precast reinforced panels of quadrilateral shape, cross-shape, cruciform shape or T-shape which create a continuous covering of the retaining wall structures.
- small facing panels are used for easy transportation and handling method during construction.
- symmetric shaped facing panels are arranged in different ways to cover the facing of the retaining wall structures.
- US5064313A discloses improvements in a stackable interlocking concrete block for incorporation into a facing wall of a retaining wall system for facilitating and preserving the tie or connection to be established between the facing wall and the respective sheets or strips of soil reinforcing mesh or grid.
- US4874272A discloses retaining wall comprised of a combination of precast wall panels of modified cruciform shape that are interconnected in a pattern to form a planar vertical wall structure for supporting fill.
- US2002/0094241A1 discloses a modular earth retaining wall system comprising a plurality of similarly configured wall blocks that have lock channels and lock flanges which provide a locking mechanism for resisting leaning or toppling of the blocks.
- US2017355108A1 discloses a system of retaining wall blocks, a method of assembling a retaining wall block assembly, and a mould for manufacturing retaining wall blocks having adjustable engagement configurations. Further, in an embodiment the blocks are disclosed as H-shaped, wherein each block include engagement cavities on a top surface and engagement protrusions on a bottom surface that can interlock with the engagement cavities at the top of underlying blocks.
- topmost line of small sized facing panels is prone to movement or rotations due to compaction of backfill behind the retaining wall or due to vehicle movements.
- the facing panels used at the topmost line of the retaining wall being light in weight tend to move or rotate outside very frequently. Therefore, such top panel movement is difficult to control and needs lot of attention and reworks.
- the facing panels used at the topmost line of wall facing are required to be of varying heights in order to achieve the desired profile at the top and geogrids in a bottom portion of bigger size panels do not allow movement of these panels. Accordingly, the problem exists in providing different adjacent panel combinations for the topmost line of the wall facing to arrest the movement of the facing panels at the top. Further, the conventional retaining wall structures include the facing panels having symmetric shapes which make it difficult to use these facing panels beyond a certain height.
- an object of the present invention to provide an embankment wall structure for avoiding top facing panels movement or rotation.
- the embankment wall structure in view of the foregoing disadvantages inherent in the prior- art, the general purpose of the present invention is to provide an embankment wall structure that is capable of including all advantages of the prior art and also overcomes the drawbacks inherent in the prior art offering some added advantages.
- the present invention provides an embankment wall structure comprising a plurality of facing panels extending upwardly from a support surface and adapted to be stacked alongside in a horizontal as well as vertical direction.
- the plurality of facing panels have a plurality of monolithic facing panels, a plurality of first changer panels, a plurality of second changer panels, and a plurality of standard facing panels.
- Each of the monolithic facing panel is configured to be stacked side by side with each of the first changer panel at a desired stretch of a top layer of the wall structure.
- At least one of the second changer panels is configured to be stacked adjacent to one of the monolithic facing panel and opposite to the first changer panel, at a desired position in the top layer of the wall structure.
- the plurality of standard facing panels are configured to be stacked side by side with each other and one on top of another such that uppermost standard facing panels are in contact with the monolithic facing panel, first changer panel, second changer panel or combinations thereof at the desired stretch of the top layer of the wall structure.
- the present invention provides a monolithic feeing panel to be assembled in the embankment wall structure.
- the present invention provides a first changer panel to be assembled in the embankment wall structure.
- the present invention provides a second changer panel to be assembled in the embankment wall structure.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an embankment wall structure in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2(a) illustrates a monolithic facing panel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2(b) illustrates a monolithic facing panel in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3(a) illustrates a first changer panel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3(b) illustrates a first changer panel in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4(a) illustrates a second changer panel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4(b) illustrates a second changer panel in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5(a) illustrates a standard facing panel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5(b) illustrates a standard facing panel in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5(c) illustrates a standard facing panel in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG.6 illustrates an embankment wall structure in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG.7 illustrates an embankment wall structure in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 8(a) illustrates a perspective view of the monolithic facing panel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 8(b) illustrates a perspective view of the monolithic facing panel in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9(a) illustrates a perspective view of the first changer panel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 9(b) illustrates a perspective view of the first changer panel in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10(a) illustrates a perspective view of the second changer panel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10(b) illustrates a perspective view of the second changer panel in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
- the expression ‘desired stretch’ herein refers to a specific stretch in an embankment wall structure where the issues relating to overturning, internal sliding, column shear failure, toppling or the like of the embankment wall structure are required to be avoided.
- the expression ‘desired position’ herein refers to a specific position in the embankment wall structure where the issues relating to insertion of standard panels adjacent to monolithic facing panels, or where the issues relating to insertion of smaller and bigger standard panels adjacent to the monolithic facing panels are required to be avoided in order to make the continuous wall structure.
- An embankment wall structure (1000), as shown in FIG. 1, comprises a plurality of facing panels (100). Further, the embankment wall structure (1000) may be used to prevent an earthen wall construction, or to make waterway, canal or channel construction which can be used for erosion control, irrigation or other water supply, flood control, drainage, or the like.
- the plurality of facing panels (100) has a plurality of monolithic facing panels (120), a plurality of first changer panels (140), a plurality of second changer panels (160), and a plurality of standard facing panels (180), as shown in FIG. 1.
- the plurality of facing panels (100), namely, monolithic facing panels (120), first changer panels (140), second changer panels (160), and standard facing panels (180) are defined as the panels having specific shapes and configurations (as discussed below in detail) which are positioned with each other to form the embankment wall structure (1000).
- the plurality of facing panels (100) are configured to be extending upwardly from a support surface and are adapted to be stacked alongside in a horizontal as well as vertical direction to form the embankment wall structure (1000).
- each of the monolithic facing panels (120), as shown in FIG. 1, is configured to be stacked side by side with each of the first changer panels (140) at a desired stretch of a top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- each of the monolithic facing panels (120) is positioned in an alternate and side by side fashion with each of the first changer panels (140) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- each of the monolithic facing panels (120) is a cuboidal or a cubical panel which is configured to have a cruciform shape, as shown in FIG. 2(a).
- each of the monolithic facing panels (120) is an irregular octagonal panel with a tubular top portion (122) such that each of the monolithic facing panels (120) is configured to have a tubular shape at a top portion (122) and a hexagonal shape at a lower portion (124) extending from end portions of the tubular shape, as shown in FIG. 2(b).
- the plurality of monolithic facing panels (120) may be configured in the cruciform shape, or the tubular shape at the top portion (122) and the hexagonal shape at the lower portion (124) extending from end portions of the tubular shape, with varying heights as per the requirement.
- each of the plurality of first changer panels (140) is a cuboidal or a cubical panel which is configured to have a T-shape, as shown in FIG. 3(a).
- the T-shape is defined as a shape with a higher length at a top surface (142) than at a bottom surface (144) of the first changer panel (140).
- each of the first changer panels (140) is an irregular hexagonal panel which is configured to have a non-symmetric hexagonal shape, as shown in FIG. 3(b).
- the plurality of first changer panels (140) may be configured in the T-shape or the non-symmetric hexagonal shape, with varying heights as per the requirement
- each of the second changer panels (160) is configured to be stacked adjacent to one of the monolithic facing panels (120) and opposite to one of the first changer panels (140), at a desired position in the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000). Further, each of the second changer panels (160) may also be configured to be stacked adjacent to the monolithic facing panels (120) on one side and adjacent to the standard facing panels (180) on the other side. For example, one of the second changer panels (160) may be configured to have one monolithic facing panel (120) on left and the standard facing panels (180) on right side at the desired position in the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- each of the second changer panels (160) is configured in such a manner that when the second changer panel (160) is vertically cut, the two planes obtained are of non-symmetric shapes. In other words, the two planes obtained are of different shapes and angles. Furthermore, the second changer panel (160) allows connection of different shapes or patterns of adjacent panels on both sides (162, 164) of the second changer panel (160).
- each of the second changer panels (160) is a cuboidal or a cubical panel which is configured to have a T-shape at one side (162) and a cruciform shape on the other side (164) of the second changer panels (130), as shown in FIG. 4(a).
- the T-shape is defined as a shape with a higher length at a top surface (166) than at a bottom surface (168) of the second changer panel (130).
- each of the second changer panels (160) is an irregular hexagonal panel which is configured to have a non-symmetric hexagonal shape wherein at least one of the sides of the second changer panels (160) is different from the first changer panel (140), as shown in FIG. 4(b).
- the plurality of second changer panels (160) may be configured in the T-shape at one side (162) and the cruciform shape on the other side (164), or the non-symmetric hexagonal shape with at least one side different from that of the first changer panel (140), with varying heights as per the requirement.
- the plurality of standard facing panels (180) are configured to be stacked side by side with each other and one on top of another such that each of the uppermost standard facing panels (180) is in contact with either of the monolithic facing panel (120), first changer panel (140), second changer panel (160) or combinations thereof at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- one of the uppermost standard facing panels (180) may be in contact with the two of the monolithic facing panels (120) and one of the first changer panels (140); or one of the uppermost standard facing panels (180) may be in contact with one of the monolithic facing panels (120), one of the second changer panels (160) and one of the standard facing panels (180); or one of the uppermost standard facing panels (180) may be in contact with one of the monolithic facing panels (120) and other standard facing panels (180), at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- each of the standard facing panels (180) is a cuboidal or a cubical panel which is configured to have a cruciform shape, as shown FIG. 5(a).
- each of the standard facing panels (180) is a cuboidal or a cubical panel configured to have a T-shape, as shown FIG. 5(b).
- the T-shape is defined as a shape with a higher length at a top surface than at a bottom surface of the standard facing panel (180).
- each of the standard facing panels (180) is a hexagonal panel which is configured to have a hexagonal shape, as shown in FIG. 5(c).
- Each of the standard facing panels (180) may also be configured in the cruciform shape, T-shape or hexagonal shape with varying heights as per the requirement. Further, each of the standard facing panels (180) is known in the art and therefore, has not been defined here in detail for the sake of brevity.
- the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the embankment wall structure (1000) is formed wherein the cruciform shaped monolithic facing panels (120) are arranged or positioned in combination with the T-shaped first changer panels (140), the second changer panels (160) having the T-shape at one side (162) and the cruciform shape on the other side (164), and the cruciform shaped standard facing panels (180), as shown in FIG. 1. These panels are positioned with each other such that each of the monolithic facing panels (120) is configured to be stacked side by side with each of the first changer panel (140) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- each of the second changer panels (160) is configured to be stacked adjacent to one of the monolithic facing panels (120) and opposite to one of the first changer panels (140), at the desired position in the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- the plurality of standard facing panels (180) are configured to be stacked side by side with each other and one on top of another such that each of the uppermost standard facing panels (180) is in contact with either of the monolithic facing panel (120), first changer panel (140), second changer panel (160) or combinations thereof at this desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the embankment wall structure (1000) is formed wherein the cruciform shaped monolithic facing panels (120) are arranged or positioned in combination with the T-shaped first changer panels (140), the second changer panels (160) having the T-shape at one side (162) and the cruciform shape on the other side (164), and the T-shaped standard facing panels (180), as shown in FIG. 6. These panels are positioned with each other such that each of the monolithic facing panels (120) is configured to be stacked side by side with each of the first changer panel (140) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- each of the second changer panels (160) is configured to be stacked adjacent to one of the monolithic facing panels (120) and opposite to one of the first changer panels (140), at the desired position in the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- the plurality of standard facing panels (180) are configured to be stacked side by side with each other and one on top of another such that each of the uppermost standard facing panels (180) is in contact with either of the monolithic facing panel (120), first changer panel (140), second changer panel (160) or combinations thereof at this desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the embankment wall structure (1000) is formed wherein the monolithic facing panels (120) having a tubular shape at the top portion (122) and the hexagonal shape at a lower portion (124) extending from the end portions of the tubular shape, are arranged in combination with the non-symmetric hexagonal shaped first changer panels (140), second changer panels (160) having the non-symmetric hexagonal shape wherein at least one of the sides of the second changer panels (160) is different from the first changer panel (140), and the hexagonal shaped standard facing panels (180), as shown in FIG. 7.
- each of the monolithic facing panels (120) is configured to be stacked side by side with each of the first changer panel (140) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- each of the second changer panels (160) is configured to be stacked adjacent to one of the monolithic facing panels (120) and opposite to one of the first changer panels (140), at the desired position in the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- the plurality of standard facing panels (180) are configured to be stacked side by side with each other and one on top of another such that each of the uppermost standard facing panels (180) is in contact with either of the monolithic facing panel (120), first changer panel (140), second changer panel (160) or combinations thereof at this desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure
- the monolithic facing panel (120) comprises a top surface (126), a bottom surface (128), and at least a pair of opposed side surfaces (130).
- the top surface (126) and the bottom surface (128) are vertically spaced apart from each other. Further, the top surface (126) is configured to be in contact with a road ramp.
- the bottom surface (128) is configured to be in contact with a top surface of the standard facing panel (180) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- At least one of the opposed side surfaces (130) of the monolithic facing panel (120) is configured to be in contact with at least one of the first changer panels (140) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- a pair of the opposed side surfaces (130) of the monolithic facing panel (120) is in contact with two of the first changer panels (140) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000), as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6.
- At least one of the opposed side surfaces (130) of the monolithic facing panel (120) is configured to be in contact with one of the first changer panel (140) and at least one other opposed side surface (130) is configured to be in contact with the second changer panel (160) at the desired position of the top layer (200) of the embankment wall structure (1000), as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
- the top surface (126), bottom surface (128) and the opposed side surfaces (130) of the monolithic facing panel (120) are configured to form the cuboidal or the cubical panel in which one of the pair of opposed side surfaces (130) is configured to have a protruded cruciform shape. Further, the other pair of opposed side surfaces (130) is configured in such a manner that the cruciform shape is visible from the other pair of opposed side surfaces (130), as shown in FIG. 8(a).
- the top surface (126), bottom surface (128) and the opposed side surfaces (130) of the monolithic facing panel (120) are configured to form the irregular octagonal panel in which one of the opposed side surfaces (130) is configured to have a tubular shape at the top portion (122) and a hexagonal shape at the lower portion (124) extending from the end portions of the tubular shape which thereby configures the irregular octagonal shaped monolithic facing panel (120), as shown in FIG. 8(b).
- two pairs of the opposed side surfaces (130) of the monolithic facing panel (120) are in contact with two of the first changer panels (140) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000), as shown in FIG. 7.
- two of the opposed side surfaces (130) of the monolithic facing panel (120) are in contact with one of the first changer panel (140) and two of the other opposed side surfaces (130) are configured to be in contact with the second changer panel (160) at the desired position of the top layer (200) of the embankment wall structure (1000), as shown in FIG. 7.
- the first changer panel (140) comprises a top surface (142), a bottom surface (144), and at least a pair of opposed side surfaces (146).
- the top surface (142) and the bottom surface (144) are vertically spaced apart from each other. Further, the top surface (142) is configured to be in contact with a road ramp.
- the bottom surface (144) is configured to be in contact with the top surface of the standard facing panel (180) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- At least one of the opposed side surfaces (146) is configured to be in contact with a monolithic facing panel (120) and at least one other opposed side surface (146) is configured to be in contact with other monolithic facing panel (120) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the embankment wall structure (1000).
- a pair of the opposed side surfaces (146) of the first changer panel (140) is in contact with two of the monolithic facing panels (120) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000), as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6.
- the top surface (142), bottom surface (144) and the pair of opposed side surfaces (146) of the first changer panel (140) are configured to form the cuboidal or the cubical panel in which one of the pair of opposed side surfaces (146) is configured to have a protruded T- shape with a higher length at a top surface (142) than at a bottom surface (144). Further, the other pair of opposed side surfaces (146) is configured in such a manner that the T- shape is visible from the other pair of opposed side surfaces (146), as shown in FIG. 9(a).
- the top surface (142), bottom surface (144) and the pair of opposed side surfaces (146) of the first changer panel (140) are configured to form an irregular hexagonal panel having a non-symmetric hexagonal shape, as shown in FIG. 9(b).
- the irregular hexagonal panel may have one of the pair of opposed side surfaces (146) having different length than the other pair of opposed side surfaces (146) thereby forming the non-symmetric hexagonal shape.
- two pairs of the opposed side surfaces (146) of the first changer panel (140) are in contact with two of the monolithic facing panels (120) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000), as shown in FIG. 7.
- the second changer panel (160) comprises a top surface (166), a bottom surface (168), and at least a pair of opposed side surfaces (170).
- the top surface (166) and the bottom surface (168) are vertically spaced apart from each other. Further, the top surface (166) is configured to be in contact with a road ramp.
- the bottom surface (168) is configured to be in contact with the top surface of the standard facing panel (180) at the desired stretch of the top layer (200) of the wall structure (1000).
- At least one of the opposed side surfaces (170) of the second changer panel (160) is configured to be in contact with a monolithic facing panel (120) and at least one other opposed side surface (170) is configured to be in contact with other standard facing panels (180) at the desired position of the top layer (200) of the embankment wall structure (1000), as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6.
- at least one of the opposed side surfaces (170) of the second changer panel (160) is configured to be in contact with at least one of the monolithic facing panels (120) at the desired position of the top layer (200) of the embankment wall structure (1000).
- a pair of the opposed side surfaces (170) of the second changer panel (160) is configured to be in contact with two of the monolithic facing panels (120) at the desired position of the top layer (200) of the embankment wall structure (1000), as shown in FIG. 6.
- the top surface (166), bottom surface (168), and the pair of opposed side surfaces (170) of the second changer panel (160) are configured to form the cuboidal or the cubical panel in which one of the opposed side surfaces (170) is configured to have a protruded T-shape and one of the other opposed side surfaces (170) is configured to have a protruded cruciform shape. Further, the other opposed side surfaces (170) are configured in such a manner that the T-shape and the cruciform shape, respectively are visible from the other opposed side surfaces (170), as shown in FIG. 10(a).
- the top surface (166), bottom surface (168) and the pair of opposed side surfaces (170) of the second changer panels (160) are configured to form the irregular hexagonal panel having a non-symmetric hexagonal shape in which at least one of the opposed side surfaces (170) of the second changer panel (160) is of different length from the first changer panel (140), as shown in FIG. 10(b).
- two of the opposed side surfaces (170) of the second changer panel (160) are in contact with one of the monolithic facing panel (120) and two of the other opposed side surfaces (170) are configured to be in contact with the other standard facing panels (180) at the desired position of the top layer (200) of the embankment wall structure (1000), as shown in FIG.
- the present invention provides the embankment wall structure for avoiding movement or rotation of the top facing panels by positioning the plurality of monolithic facing panels, plurality of first changer panels and plurality of second changer panels in combination with each other at the desired stretch and desired position in the top layer of the wall embankment structure.
- the embankment wall structure having the plurality of monolithic facing panels, changer panels and standard facing panels facilitates proper alignment of the panels at the top layer of the embankment wall structure thereby avoids the risk of problems such as, but not limited to, overturning, internal sliding, column shear failure, toppling or the like.
- the embankment wall structure allows cracks in the crash barrier lip or cracks in topmost line of facing panels to be arrested which otherwise happened because of movement of the top panels and exerting pressure on the lip (projected portion of crash barrier downward) in the conventional wall structures. Also, movement of small panels occurred in the conventional wall structures because of light weighted panels and single layer of reinforcing materials as there was not enough space to provide second layer of reinforcing materials and also extra layer at very close spacing increased the cost of the conventional wall structures. Moreover, in some cases, because of constructional issues an extra layer was provided to arrest the movement/rotation of small sized top panels which also did not serve the purpose in an efficient way.
- embankment wall structure allows more uniform and smooth alignment of the plurality of monolithic facing panels, changer panels and standard facing panels.
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA3167075A CA3167075A1 (en) | 2020-02-06 | 2021-02-05 | Embankment wall structure of monolithic facing panels, changer panels, standard facing panels and said panels thereof |
US17/797,892 US20230080283A1 (en) | 2020-02-06 | 2021-02-05 | Embankment wall structure of monolithic facing panels, changer panels, standard facing panels and said panels thereof |
AU2021217573A AU2021217573A1 (en) | 2020-02-06 | 2021-02-05 | Embankment wall structure of monolithic facing panels, changer panels, standard facing panels and said panels thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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IN202011005238 | 2020-02-06 | ||
IN202011005238 | 2020-02-06 |
Publications (1)
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WO2021156799A1 true WO2021156799A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2021/050931 WO2021156799A1 (en) | 2020-02-06 | 2021-02-05 | Embankment wall structure of monolithic facing panels, changer panels, standard facing panels and said panels thereof |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230080283A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2021217573A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3167075A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021156799A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4684287A (en) * | 1985-10-02 | 1987-08-04 | The Reinforced Earth Company | Retaining wall construction and method for erection |
US6213688B1 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2001-04-10 | Arie Donkersloot, Sr. | Earth retaining wall |
US20100095632A1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2010-04-22 | Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. | Retaining wall block |
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2021
- 2021-02-05 AU AU2021217573A patent/AU2021217573A1/en active Pending
- 2021-02-05 WO PCT/IB2021/050931 patent/WO2021156799A1/en active Application Filing
- 2021-02-05 US US17/797,892 patent/US20230080283A1/en active Pending
- 2021-02-05 CA CA3167075A patent/CA3167075A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4684287A (en) * | 1985-10-02 | 1987-08-04 | The Reinforced Earth Company | Retaining wall construction and method for erection |
US20100095632A1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2010-04-22 | Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. | Retaining wall block |
US20110107707A1 (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2011-05-12 | Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. | Retaining wall block |
US6213688B1 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2001-04-10 | Arie Donkersloot, Sr. | Earth retaining wall |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2021217573A1 (en) | 2022-09-29 |
CA3167075A1 (en) | 2021-08-12 |
US20230080283A1 (en) | 2023-03-16 |
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