WO2021153381A1 - 有水晶体眼内レンズ - Google Patents
有水晶体眼内レンズ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021153381A1 WO2021153381A1 PCT/JP2021/001888 JP2021001888W WO2021153381A1 WO 2021153381 A1 WO2021153381 A1 WO 2021153381A1 JP 2021001888 W JP2021001888 W JP 2021001888W WO 2021153381 A1 WO2021153381 A1 WO 2021153381A1
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- hole
- light
- incident
- intraocular lens
- phakic intraocular
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/14—Eye parts, e.g. lenses, corneal implants; Implanting instruments specially adapted therefor; Artificial eyes
- A61F2/16—Intraocular lenses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a phakic intraocular lens.
- the phakic intraocular lens is recognized as a means of correcting visual disorders other than spectacles and contact lenses.
- a lens implanted between the iris and the crystalline lens is known (Patent Documents 1 to 4).
- a phakic intraocular lens has a flat edge that, under certain conditions, refracts, reflects, and scatters incident light on the retina, creating an unwanted optical image (stray light) such as a halo, ring, or arc. ..
- This physically formed light image causes glare, a subjective sensation of glare with discomfort and obscurity. This glare is caused by this ray when it is refracted, reflected or scattered at the exposed edge of the intraocular lens.
- Patent Document 1-3 discloses an intraocular lens that reduces glare.
- the crystalline intraocular lens described in Patent Document 4 was implanted between the iris and the crystal body, formed concentric grooves in the diffraction grating arranged in the center of the lens, and was arranged outside the diffraction grating.
- the support portion supports the diffraction grating and forms a hole in the center of the diffraction grating.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 08-047504 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 06-189986 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-510388 Re-table 2016/013121A
- An object of the present invention is to provide a phakic intraocular lens capable of reducing stray light generated by a hole.
- the phakic intraocular lens according to the present invention is a phakic intraocular lens implanted between the iris and the crystalline lens, and is arranged in the central portion to form a hole.
- a lens body and a support portion arranged outside the lens body to support the lens body are provided, and the hole is tapered so that the hole diameter on the incident side where the incident light is incident is larger than the hole diameter on the exit side. It is formed in a shape.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a phakic intraocular lens according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of an eye having a phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing transmitted light, refracted light, and total internal reflection light when incident light is incident on the hole of the lens body from the anterior chamber in the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram showing refraction when incident light is incident on the upper surface side of the hole of the lens body from the aqueous humor.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a phakic intraocular lens according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of an eye having a phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing transmitted light
- FIG. 4B is a diagram showing how the incident light from the aqueous humor is reflected on the lower surface side of the hole of the lens body.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the stray light intensity of the refracted light ray and the stray light intensity of the total reflected light ray with respect to the pore diameter.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing holes formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter on the incident side of the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment is larger than the hole diameter on the exit side.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a transmitted ray, a refracted ray, and a total reflected ray in a hole having a taper ratio of 1.0.
- FIG. 6C is a diagram showing a transmitted ray, a refracted ray, and a total reflected ray in a hole having a taper ratio of 0.85.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a transmitted ray and a total reflected ray of a hole having a taper ratio of 1.0 in the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7B is a diagram showing a transmitted light beam of a hole having a taper ratio of 0.85.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram showing holes formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter on the incident side of the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment is smaller than the hole diameter on the exit side.
- FIG. 8B is a diagram showing a refracted ray and a total reflected ray in a hole having a taper ratio of 1.2.
- FIG. 8C is a diagram showing a transmitted ray and a total reflected ray in a hole having a taper ratio of 1.2.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the powers of the totally reflected rays and the refracted rays with respect to the taper value.
- FIG. 10A is a diagram showing transmitted rays, refracted rays, and total reflected rays when the central thickness of the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the second embodiment is 0.53 mm.
- FIG. 10A is a diagram showing transmitted rays, refracted rays, and total reflected rays when the central thickness of the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the second embodiment is 0.53 mm.
- FIG. 10B is a diagram showing transmitted rays, refracted rays, and total reflected rays when the central thickness of the lens body is 0.25 mm.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing stray light intensity of refracted rays and total reflected rays with respect to the center thickness of the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 12A is a diagram showing a hole in the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the third embodiment, which is tapered and has a light absorbing film coated on the inner peripheral surface.
- FIG. 12B is a diagram showing how stray light is absorbed by the light absorbing film applied to the holes shown in FIG. 12A.
- FIG. 13A is a diagram showing a hole in the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the fourth embodiment, which is tapered and has a light diffusing film formed on the inner peripheral surface.
- FIG. 13B is a diagram showing how stray light is diffused by processing the light diffusing film formed in the holes shown in FIG. 13A or a fine uneven surface.
- FIG. 14A is a top view of the light blocking film formed in the hole of the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 14B is a side view showing a light blocking film formed in the hole of the lens body.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing how the light blocking film blocks the light from the aqueous humor at the portion where total reflection occurs on the lower surface side of the hole of the lens body.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for deriving a calculation formula of a blocking width of a light blocking film that blocks light in a portion where total reflection occurs when the hole has no taper.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for deriving a calculation formula for the blocking width of the light blocking film that blocks light in a portion where total reflection occurs when the hole has a taper.
- FIG. 18A is a diagram showing a refracted ray and a totally reflected ray when the hole has no taper and the blocking width of the light blocking film is 0.0 mm.
- FIG. 18B is a diagram showing the transmitted light rays and the totally reflected light rays of the hole under the conditions shown in FIG. 18A.
- FIG. 19A is a diagram showing a refracted ray and a totally reflected ray when the hole has no taper and the blocking width of the light blocking film is 0.01 mm.
- FIG. 19B is a diagram showing the transmitted light rays and the totally reflected light rays of the hole under the conditions shown in FIG. 19A.
- FIG. 20A is a diagram showing a refracted ray and a totally reflected ray when the hole has no taper and the blocking width of the light blocking film is 0.02 mm.
- FIG. 20B is a diagram showing the transmitted light rays and the totally reflected light rays of the hole under the conditions shown in FIG. 20A.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the relationship between the light incident angle, the blocking width of the light blocking film, and the irradiance power when the pore tapers are 1.0 and 0.9.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the relationship between the incident angle of light and the blocking width of the light blocking film required to eliminate the halo when the taper of the hole is 1.0 and 0.9.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the relationship between the incident angle of light and the blocking width of the created calculation formula and the calculation result of the optical simulation software when the taper is 1.0.
- FIG. 24A is a diagram showing a hemispherical three-dimensional texture formed in the hole of the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 24B is a diagram in which a plurality of hemispherical three-dimensional textures shown in FIG. 24A are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole.
- FIG. 24C is a cross-sectional view in which a plurality of hemispherical three-dimensional textures shown in FIG. 24A are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole.
- FIG. 25A is a diagram showing a trapezoidal three-dimensional texture having a rectangular base.
- FIG. 25B is a diagram in which a plurality of trapezoidal three-dimensional textures shown in FIG.
- FIG. 25A is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole.
- FIG. 25C is a cross-sectional view in which a plurality of hemispherical three-dimensional textures shown in FIG. 25A are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole.
- FIG. 26A is a diagram showing a pyramid-shaped three-dimensional texture having a square base.
- FIG. 26B is a diagram in which a plurality of three-dimensional textures shown in FIG. 26A are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole.
- FIG. 26C is a cross-sectional view in which a plurality of hemispherical three-dimensional textures shown in FIG. 26A are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing transmitted rays and totally reflected rays when the holes do not have a three-dimensional texture.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing the diffusion of stray light when the hole has a hemispherical three-dimensional texture.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a phakic intraocular lens according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the phakic intraocular lens 1 according to Example 1 of the present invention is made of collagen copolymer material, Collamer, and is implanted between the iris and the crystalline lens.
- the phakic intraocular lens 1 includes a lens body 5 arranged at the center and a support portion 3 arranged outside the lens body 5 and supporting the lens body 5.
- 4a and 4b are markings of the phakic intraocular lens and are provided on the outside of the lens body 5.
- One small circular hole 6 is formed in the center of the lens body 5.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of an eye having a phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the eye 8 has a cornea 9, a crystalline lens 10, an iris 11, anterior chamber 13, and posterior chamber 14.
- the phakic intraocular lens 1 is implanted between the iris 11 and the crystalline lens 10.
- a gap 12 is provided between the phakic intraocular lens 1 and the crystalline lens 10.
- the aqueous humor in the posterior chamber 14 flows through the gap 12 and the hole 6 in the lens body 5 to the anterior chamber 13.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing transmitted rays, refracted rays, and total reflected rays when the incident light is incident on the hole 6 of the lens body 5 from the anterior chamber 13.
- the lens body 5 is composed of a concave lens, and the incident light to the hole 6 is totally reflected by the transmitted ray 21 that passes through the hole 6 as it is, the refracted ray 22 that is refracted by the hole 6, and the hole 6. It is divided into the total reflected light beam 23.
- the refracted ray 22 and the reflected ray 23 are stray light.
- the refractive index n0 of the cornea 9 is, for example, 1.376.
- the refractive index n1 of the aqueous humor is, for example, 1.337.
- the refractive index n2 of the lens body 5 is, for example, 1.46.
- the refractive index n3 of the crystalline lens 10 is, for example, 1.336.
- the off-axis is, for example, 3 °, and the number of rays is, for example, 5,000,000.
- the refracted ray 22 and the reflected ray 23 shown in FIG. 3 can be understood by the explanation of the refracted ray shown in FIG. 4A and the explanation of the reflected ray shown in FIG. 4B.
- the bunch of water having a refractive index n1 and the lens body 5 having a refractive index n2 come into contact with each other, and the incident light is transferred from the bunch of water having a refractive index n1 to the hole 6 of the lens body 5 having a refractive index n2. It is incident on the upper surface 6A.
- the refractive index n2 of the lens body 5 is larger than the refractive index n1 of the bunch of water, the emission angle ⁇ t is smaller than the incident angle ⁇ i, and the refracted ray 22 is refracted.
- the incident light is incident on the lower surface 6B of the hole 6 of the lens body 5 having the refractive index n2 from the aqueous humor having the refractive index n1.
- the refractive index n2 of the lens body 5 is larger than the refractive index n1 of the bunch of water, the incident light is reflected by the lower surface 6B of the hole 6, and the reflected light beam 23 emits substantially the same as the incident angle ⁇ i. It emits at an angle ⁇ r.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the stray light intensity of the refracted light ray and the stray light intensity of the total reflected light ray with respect to the pore diameter.
- the radiant power is, for example, 1 W.
- the stray light intensity of the refracted ray 22 and the stray light intensity of the total reflected ray 23 increase.
- the stray light intensity of the total internal reflection ray is larger than the stray light intensity of the refracted ray.
- the diameter of the hole diameter is, for example, 10 nm to 1.0 mm.
- the stray light intensity is 0.01%.
- the diameter of the hole 6 is preferably 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing holes formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter on the incident side of the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment is larger than the hole diameter on the exit side.
- the hole 60 of the lens body 5 shown in FIG. 6A is formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter d1 on the incident side of the incident light is larger than the hole diameter d2 on the exit side.
- This taper may be linearly inclined, may be a curved line such as a parabola, or may be inclined in an arbitrary shape.
- the ratio of the hole diameter d2 to the hole diameter d1, that is, (d2 / d1) is defined as the taper ratio.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a transmitted ray 21, a refracted ray 22, and a total reflected ray 23 in a hole having a taper ratio of 1.0.
- the incident light is refracted and reflected near the entrance of the hole 6 to become a refracted ray 22 and a total reflected ray 23. Therefore, the total number of totally reflected light rays 23 increases within a predetermined range.
- FIG. 7A shows the spots on the retinal surface of the transmitted ray 21 and the total reflected ray 23 of the hole 6 having a taper ratio of 1.0.
- the X direction is -1 mm to 1 mm and the Y direction is -1 mm to 1 mm.
- the X direction and the Y direction are set in the incident surface of the lens body 5, and the thickness direction of the hole 60, that is, the direction in which the transmitted light ray 21 travels is set in the Z direction.
- the totally reflected light beam 23 appears in a circle within a predetermined range.
- the incident light is refracted from substantially the center of the hole 60 in the thickness direction to the exit side in the upper surface taper 60a of the hole 60. Since the refracting rays 22 are used, the number of refracting rays 22 is smaller than that of the refracting rays 22 of the hole 6 having a taper ratio of 1.0.
- the incident light is totally reflected at the lower surface taper 60b of the hole 60 while changing the angle due to the inclination of the lower surface taper 60b as it goes from the incident end to the exit end of the hole 60. Therefore, the reflected light rays 23 are dispersed in the radial direction, and as shown in FIG. 7B, the spots due to the total reflected light rays are within a predetermined range (for example, -1 mm to 1 mm in the X direction and -1 mm to 1 mm in the Y direction). It disappears completely, and only a few small spots appear even outside the specified range. That is, by setting the taper ratio of the holes 60 to 0.85, stray light can be significantly reduced.
- a predetermined range for example, -1 mm to 1 mm in the X direction and -1 mm to 1 mm in the Y direction. It disappears completely, and only a few small spots appear even outside the specified range. That is, by setting the taper ratio of the holes 60 to 0.85,
- FIG. 8A is a diagram showing a hole 61 formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter d1 on the incident side of the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment is smaller than the hole diameter d2 on the exit side.
- FIG. 8B is a diagram showing a refracted ray and a totally reflected ray in a hole having a taper ratio of, for example, 1.2.
- FIG. 8C is a diagram showing a refracted ray 22 and a total reflected ray 23 in a hole having a taper ratio of 1.2.
- the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b of the hole 61 spread from the incident end to the emitted end, so that the incident light is substantially near the center in the thickness direction of the hole 61.
- the total reflection is caused by the inclination of the tapers 61a and 61b. Therefore, the dispersion of the total reflected light rays 23 in the radial direction becomes small.
- the spot due to the total reflection ray 23 does not appear within the predetermined range, but a large circular spot due to the total reflection ray 23 appears outside the predetermined range. Therefore, it is inappropriate to set the taper ratio to 1.2.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the powers of the totally reflected light rays 23 and the refracted rays 22 with respect to the taper value. From FIG. 9, the taper ratio in which the total reflection ray 23 is not generated and the refracted ray 22 is smaller, that is, the optimum taper ratio is 0.85. Even if the taper ratio is 0.8 to 0.9, almost no total reflected light rays are generated, so the taper ratio may be set in this range.
- the hole 60 is formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter d1 on the incident side of the lens body 5 is larger than the hole diameter d2 on the exit side.
- the taper ratio of the holes 60 is not limited to 0.85, and even if the taper ratio is 0.8 to 0.9, stray light can be significantly reduced.
- FIG. 10A is a diagram showing a transmitted ray 21, a refracted ray 22, and a total reflected ray 23 when the center thickness t of the lens body 5 of the phakic intraocular lens according to the second embodiment is, for example, 0.53 mm.
- FIG. 10B is a diagram showing a transmitted ray 21, a refracted ray 22, and a total reflected ray 23 when the central thickness of the lens body is, for example, 0.25 mm.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the stray light intensity of the refracted ray 22 and the total reflected ray 23 with respect to the center thickness of the lens body 5 of the phakic intraocular lens according to the second embodiment.
- the stray light intensity at which the center thickness of the lens body 5 is 0.25 mm is smaller than the stray light intensity at which the center thickness is 0.53 mm.
- the stray light intensity of the refracted ray 22 is about 0.01%
- the stray light intensity of the total reflected ray 23 is about 0.018%.
- the taper ratio of the holes is set to, for example, 0.85 and the center thickness of the lens body 5 is set to, for example, 0.2 mm, the stray light intensity is further reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to set the taper ratio of the holes to 0.85 and set the center thickness of the lens body 5 to 0.2 to 0.3 mm.
- the taper ratio of the holes is set to, for example, 0.85 and the hole diameter of the lens body 5 is set to, for example, 0.2 mm, the stray light intensity is further reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to set the taper ratio of the holes to 0.85 and set the hole diameter of the lens body 5 to 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
- the phakic intraocular lens according to the third embodiment shown in FIG. 12A is different from the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6A in that a light absorbing film 71 is added. The details will be described below.
- the holes 62 are formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter d1 on the incident side of the incident light is larger than the hole diameter d2 on the exit side.
- the taper ratio of the holes 62 is, for example, 0.85.
- a light absorbing film 71 is coated on the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b.
- black fine particles or a black dye are mixed in the light absorption film 71.
- black fine particles or a black dye are mixed in the light absorption film 71.
- aniline black, cyanine black, carbon, titanium black, black iron oxide, chromium oxide, manganese oxide and the like are mixed with the resin.
- the taper ratio of the holes 62 is set to 0.85, and the light absorbing film 71 is coated on the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b.
- the 71 can absorb the refracted rays 22 and the totally reflected rays 23 generated by the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b. Therefore, the stray light generated by the hole 62 can be further reduced.
- FIG. 13A is different from the phakic intraocular lens according to the fourth embodiment in that a light diffusing film 72 is added to the phakic intraocular lens according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6A. The details will be described below.
- the holes 63 are formed in a tapered shape so that the hole diameter d1 on the incident side of the incident light is larger than the hole diameter d2 on the exit side.
- the taper ratio of the hole 63 is, for example, 0.85.
- a light diffusing film 72 is coated on the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b.
- Examples of the light diffusion film 72 include white inorganic particles such as titanium dioxide, zinc sulfide, zinc oxide, alumina, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate, and white organic particles such as fluorine particles.
- the taper ratio of the holes 63 is set to 0.85, and the light diffusing film 72 is applied to the inner peripheral surfaces of the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b.
- the 72 can diffuse the refracted rays 22 and the totally reflected rays 23 generated by the upper surface taper 61a and the lower surface taper 61b. Therefore, the stray light generated by the hole 63 can be further reduced.
- FIG. 14A is a top view of the light blocking film 81 formed in the hole 6 of the lens body 5 of the phakic intraocular lens according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 14B is a side view showing the light blocking film 81 formed in the hole 6 of the lens body 5.
- the light blocking film 81 is formed on the light incident side of the hole 6 of the lens body 5 and on the outer peripheral surface of the hole 6.
- the light blocking film 81 blocks light in a portion where total reflection occurs, and is made of a light absorbing material.
- the light blocking film 81 is polyvinylidene, a copolymer of hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate (HEMA / MMA), microporous hydrogel, polyvinylidine fluoride polymer, acrylic, silicone, PMMA and the like.
- the hole diameter of the hole 6 of the lens body 5 is, for example, 0.36 mm, and the blocking width S of the light blocking film 81 is, for example, 0.01 mm. It is 0.02 mm.
- the diameter of the pore diameter is 10 nm to 0.5 mm.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing how the light blocking film 81 blocks the light from the aqueous humor at the portion where total reflection occurs on the lower surface side of the hole 6 of the lens body 5.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a state in which FIG. 14B is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise. The incident light is incident on the lens body 5 having the refractive index n2 from the aqueous humor having the refractive index n1.
- the blocking width S of the light blocking film 81 is set so as to block the total reflected light at the time of light incident at the incident angle ⁇ 1.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for deriving the calculation formula of the blocking width S of the light blocking film 81 that blocks the light in the portion where total reflection occurs when the hole 6 has no taper.
- the light blocking film 81 is incident with incident light at an incident angle ⁇ 1 formed by a straight line (normal line) perpendicular to the surface of the light blocking film 81 to which the incident light from the aqueous chamber having a refractive index n1 hits and the incident light. Blocks incident light when totally reflected.
- Equation (2) can be obtained from equation (1).
- sin ⁇ 2 (n1 ⁇ sin ⁇ 1) / n2 ... (2)
- S t ⁇ tan ⁇ 2 ... (3)
- Equation (4) can be obtained from Equation (2) and Equation (3). That is, the blocking width S of the light blocking film 81 when the hole 6 has no taper is set by the equation (4).
- the blocking width S of the light blocking film 81 when the hole 6 has no taper is the incident angle ⁇ 1, the refractive index n1 of the aqueous humor, the refractive index n2 of the lens body, and the thickness t at the center of the lens body. It is set based on.
- the cutoff width S is set according to the incident angle ⁇ .
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for deriving a calculation formula for the blocking width of the light blocking film that blocks the light in the portion where total reflection occurs when the hole 6 has a taper.
- the hole 6 has a diameter d1 on the incident side and a diameter d2 on the exit side.
- the cutoff width S1 shown in FIG. 17 is shorter than the cutoff width S shown in FIG. 16 by the length of points a-point b.
- the length between the points a and b is the difference between the radius of the hole 6 on the incident side (d1 / 2) and the radius of the hole 6 on the exit side (d2 / 2). That is, its length is represented by (d1-d2) / 2.
- the blocking width S1 of the light blocking film 81 when the hole 6 has a taper is represented by the formula (5).
- S1 t ⁇ tan (sin -1 (n1 ⁇ sin ⁇ 1 / n2))-(d1-d2) / 2 ... (5)
- the blocking width S1 of the light blocking film 81 is the incident angle ⁇ 1, the refractive index n1 of the aqueous humor, the refractive index n2 of the lens body, and the thickness t at the center of the lens body. It is set based on the hole diameter d1 on the incident side and the hole diameter d2 on the exit side.
- the cutoff width S is determined. It is set according to the incident angle ⁇ .
- FIG. 18A is a diagram showing a refracted ray and a total reflected ray when the hole 6 has no taper and the blocking width S of the light blocking film 81 is 0.0 mm. That is, FIG. 18A is an example in the case where the light blocking film 81 is not provided.
- FIG. 18B is a diagram showing a transmitted ray 21 and a total reflected ray 23 of the hole 6 under the conditions shown in FIG. 18A. In the absence of the light blocking film 81, there are a large number of transmitted rays 21 and totally reflected rays 23.
- FIG. 19A is a diagram showing a refracting ray 21 and a total reflected ray 23 when the hole 6 has no taper and the blocking width S of the light blocking film 81 is 0.01 mm.
- FIG. 19B is a diagram showing a transmitted ray 21 and a totally reflected ray 23 of the hole 6 under the conditions shown in FIG. 19A. When the blocking width S of the light blocking film 81 is 0.01 mm, the total reflected light rays 23 are reduced as shown in FIG. 19B.
- FIG. 20A is a diagram showing a refracting ray 21 when the hole 6 has no taper and the blocking width of the light blocking film 81 is 0.02 mm.
- FIG. 20B is a diagram showing the transmitted light rays of the hole 6 under the conditions shown in FIG. 20A. When the blocking width of the light blocking film 81 is 0.02 mm, all the totally reflected light rays 23 are eliminated.
- the incident angle ⁇ 1 When the incident angle ⁇ 1 is 3 degrees and there is no taper, the irradiance power becomes zero when the blocking width of the blocking film 81 is 0.02 mm. That is, the total reflected light beam 23 becomes zero.
- the incident angle ⁇ 1 is 3 degrees and the taper is 0.9, the irradiance power becomes zero when the blocking width of the blocking film 81 is 0.01 mm.
- the incident angle ⁇ 1 When the incident angle ⁇ 1 is 5 degrees and there is no taper, the irradiance power becomes zero when the blocking width of the blocking film 81 is 0.03 mm. When the incident angle ⁇ 1 is 5 degrees and the taper is 0.9, the irradiance power becomes zero when the blocking width of the blocking film 81 is 0.02 mm.
- the incident angle ⁇ 1 When the incident angle ⁇ 1 is 7 degrees and there is no taper, the irradiance power becomes zero when the blocking width of the blocking film 81 is 0.05 mm. When the incident angle ⁇ 1 is 7 degrees and the taper is 0.9, the irradiance power becomes zero when the blocking width of the blocking film 81 is 0.03 mm.
- the incident angle ⁇ 1 When the incident angle ⁇ 1 is 9 degrees and there is no taper, the irradiance power becomes zero when the blocking width of the blocking film 81 is 0.06 mm. When the incident angle ⁇ 1 is 9 degrees and the taper is 0.9, the irradiance power becomes zero when the blocking width of the blocking film 81 is 0.05 mm.
- the incident angle ⁇ 1 When the incident angle ⁇ 1 is 11 degrees and there is no taper, the irradiance power becomes zero when the blocking width of the blocking film 81 is 0.08 mm. When the incident angle ⁇ 1 is 11 degrees and the taper is 0.9, the irradiance power becomes zero when the blocking width of the blocking film 81 is 0.06 mm.
- the incident angle ⁇ 1 when there is a taper is larger than the incident angle ⁇ 1 when there is no taper. There is. Therefore, by forming the taper in the hole 6 and providing the blocking film 81, the incident angle ⁇ 1 can be increased and the total reflection prevention effect is increased.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the relationship between the incident angle of light and the blocking width S of the light blocking film 81 required to eliminate the halo when the taper of the hole 6 is 1.0 and 0.9.
- each incident angle when the taper is 1.0 shown in FIG. 21 and each cutoff width S at which the irradiance power becomes zero are plotted, and the plot data is used by the least squares method. Calculated and calculated.
- each incident angle when the taper is 0.9 shown in FIG. 21 and each cutoff width S at which the irradiance power becomes zero are plotted, and the plot data is used by the least squares method. Calculated and calculated.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing the relationship between the incident angle of light and the blocking width of the created calculation formula and the calculation result of the optical simulation software when the taper is 1.0.
- Equation (8) is a creation calculation equation.
- the error between the created calculation formula and the calculation result of the optical simulation software is about 10 ⁇ m. This error is presumed to be due to the shape of the cornea.
- FIG. 24A is a diagram showing a hemispherical three-dimensional texture 91 formed in the hole 6 of the lens body of the phakic intraocular lens according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 24B is a diagram in which a plurality of hemispherical three-dimensional textures 91 shown in FIG. 24A are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole 6.
- FIG. 24C is a cross-sectional view in which a plurality of hemispherical three-dimensional textures 91 shown in FIG. 24A are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole 6.
- the hemispherical three-dimensional texture 91 may be a convex or concave hemisphere.
- the incident light is diffused by the hemispherical three-dimensional texture 91, so that the total reflected light can be significantly reduced.
- FIG. 25A is a diagram showing a trapezoidal three-dimensional texture 92 in which the base 92a and the upper base 92b form a rectangle.
- FIG. 25B is a diagram in which a plurality of trapezoidal three-dimensional textures 92 shown in FIG. 25A are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole 6.
- FIG. 25C is a cross-sectional view in which a plurality of hemispherical three-dimensional textures 91 shown in FIG. 25A are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole 6.
- the trapezoidal three-dimensional texture 92 is a prism, and the area of the upper base 92b is smaller than the area of the base 92a.
- the incident light is diffused by the trapezoidal three-dimensional texture 92, so that the total reflected light can be significantly reduced.
- FIG. 26A is a diagram showing a pyramid-shaped three-dimensional texture 93 in which the base 93a and the upper base 93b form a square.
- FIG. 26B is a diagram in which a plurality of pyramid-shaped three-dimensional textures 93 shown in FIG. 26A are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole 6.
- FIG. 26C is a cross-sectional view in which a plurality of hemispherical three-dimensional textures 91 shown in FIG. 26A are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the hole 6.
- the incident light is diffused by the three-dimensional texture 93, so that the total reflected light can be significantly reduced.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a transmitted ray 21 and a totally reflected ray 23 when the hole 6 does not have a three-dimensional texture.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing the diffusion of stray light when the hole 6 has a hemispherical three-dimensional texture 91. It can be seen from FIG. 28 that the stray light is diffused by providing the hemispherical three-dimensional texture 91.
- the present invention is not limited to the phakic intraocular lens according to the first to fourth embodiments.
- the phakic intraocular lens according to the first to fourth embodiments only the inner peripheral surface of the hole is tapered, but the edge portion of the hole may also be tapered.
- a hole is provided in the center of the lens body 5, but the hole is not limited to this, and a hole other than the center of the lens body 5 is provided. May be provided.
- the present invention is applicable to an intraocular lens implanted between the iris and the crystalline lens.
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Abstract
Description
図1は本発明の第1の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズの構成を示す図である。本発明の実施例1に係る有水晶体眼内レンズ1は、コラーゲンの共重合体素材、コラマー(Collamer)からなり、虹彩と水晶体との間に移植される。有水晶体眼内レンズ1は、中央部に配置されたレンズ本体5と、レンズ本体5の外側に配置され且つレンズ本体5を支持する支持部3とを備えている。
図6Aは第1の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズの入射側の孔径が出射側の孔径よりも大きくなるようにテーパ状に形成された孔を示す図である。図6Aに示すレンズ本体5の孔60は、入射光の入射側の孔径d1が出射側の孔径d2よりも大きくなるようにテーパ状に形成されている。このテーパは、直線的に傾斜するものであっても良く、放物線等の曲線、あるいは任意形状で傾斜したものでもよい。孔径d1に対する孔径d2の比、即ち、(d2/d1)をテーパ比と定義する。
図10Aは第2の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズのレンズ本体5の中心厚tが例えば0.53mmの場合の透過光線21と屈折光線22と全反射光線23を示す図である。図10Bはレンズ本体の中心厚が例えば0.25mmの場合の透過光線21と屈折光線22と全反射光線23を示す図である。図11は第2の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズのレンズ本体5の中心厚に対する屈折光線22と全反射光線23の迷光強度を示す図である。
図12Aに示す第3の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズは、図6Aに示す第1の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズに対して、光吸収膜71を追加した点が異なる。以下にその詳細を説明する。
図13Aは第4の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズは、図6Aに示す第1の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズに対して、光拡散膜72を追加した点が異なる。以下にその詳細を説明する。
図14Aは第5の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズのレンズ本体5の孔6に形成された光遮断膜81を上面から見た図である。図14Bはレンズ本体5の孔6に形成された光遮断膜81を示す側面図である。
式(1)から式(2)が得られる。
sinθ2=(n1×sinθ1)/n2…(2)
S=t×tanθ2…(3)
式(2)と式(3)とから式(4)が得られる。即ち、孔6にテーパがない場合の、光遮断膜81の遮断幅Sは、式(4)により設定される。
S=t×tan{sin-1(n1×sinθ1/n2)}…(4)
以上のことから、孔6にテーパがない場合の、光遮断膜81の遮断幅Sは、入射角θ1と房水の屈折率n1とレンズ本体の屈折率n2とレンズ本体の中心における厚みtとに基づき設定される。
S1=t×tan(sin-1(n1×sinθ1/n2))-(d1-d2)/2…(5)
以上のことから、孔6にテーパがある場合の、光遮断膜81の遮断幅S1は、入射角θ1と房水の屈折率n1とレンズ本体の屈折率n2とレンズ本体の中心における厚みtと入射側の孔径d1と出射側の孔径d2とに基づき設定される。
y=0.0002x2+0.005x+0.0028…(6)
である。xは光線入射角である。yは光遮断膜81の遮断幅Sである。R2=0.99である。
y=0.0021x1.4064 …(7)
である。xは光線入射角である。yは光遮断膜81の遮断幅Sである。R2=0.9937である。
この計算式は、式(6)の計算式であり、光学シミュレーションソフトウェアで計算した結果である。
式(8)は、作成計算式である。
図24Aは第6の実施形態に係る有水晶体眼内レンズのレンズ本体の孔6に形成された半球状の三次元テクスチャ91を示す図である。図24Bは図24Aに示す半球状の三次元テクスチャ91が孔6の内周面に複数配列された図である。図24Cは図24Aに示す半球状の三次元テクスチャ91が孔6の内周面に複数配列された断面図である。半球状の三次元テクスチャ91は、凸あるいは凹の半球でもよい。
Claims (13)
- 虹彩と水晶体との間に移植される有水晶体眼内レンズであって、
中央部に配置され、孔が形成されたレンズ本体と、
前記レンズ本体の外側に配置され前記レンズ本体を支持する支持部とを備え、
前記孔は、入射光が入射される入射側の孔径が出射側の孔径よりも大きくなるようにテーパ状に形成されている有水晶体眼内レンズ。 - 前記入射側の前記孔径に対する前記出射側の前記孔径のテーパ比が0.8~0.9である請求項1記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。
- 前記レンズ本体の中心における厚みが0.2mm~0.3mmである請求項1又は請求項2記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。
- 前記孔径は、10nm~0.5mmであるである請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか1項記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。
- 前記孔の内周面には、前記入射光が前記内周面で屈折する屈折光線と前記入射光が前記内周面で反射する反射光線とを吸収する光吸収膜が塗布されている請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1項記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。
- 前記孔の内周面には、前記入射光が前記内周面で屈折する屈折光線と前記入射光が前記内周面で反射する反射光線とを拡散させる光拡散膜が塗布されている請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1項記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。
- 前記孔の光入射側で且つ前記孔の外周面に形成された光遮断膜を備え、前記光遮断膜は、前記入射光が当たる前記光遮断膜の面に対して垂直な直線と前記入射光とでつくる入射角θ1で前記入射光が入射して全反射するときの前記入射光を遮断する請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1項記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。
- 前記光遮断膜の遮断幅Sは、前記入射角θ1が大きくなるに従って大きく設定される請求項7記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。
- 前記光遮断膜の遮断幅Sは、前記入射角θ1と房水の屈折率n1と前記レンズ本体の屈折率n2と前記レンズ本体の中心における厚みtと前記入射側の孔径d1と前記出射側の孔径d2とに基づき設定される請求項7記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。
- 前記光遮断膜の遮断幅Sは、
S=t×tan{sin-1(n1×sinθ1/n2)}-(d1-d2)/2
により設定される請求項9記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。 - 前記孔の内周面には、前記入射光が前記内周面で屈折する屈折光線と前記入射光が前記内周面で反射する反射光線とを拡散させる三次元テクスチャが形成されている請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか1項記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。
- 前記三次元テクスチャは、半球状からなり、前記孔に複数配列されている請求項11記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。
- 前記三次元テクスチャは、台形状からなり、前記孔に複数配列されている請求項11記載の有水晶体眼内レンズ。
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JPS62210440A (ja) * | 1986-03-12 | 1987-09-16 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 透過型投影スクリ−ン用レンズシ−ト |
US20050149184A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-07-07 | Theo Bogaert | Phakic intraocular lens with improved fluid circulation properties |
JP2010525884A (ja) * | 2007-04-30 | 2010-07-29 | アルコン,インコーポレイティド | 負の異常光視症を軽減するように設計された周辺領域を持つ眼内レンズ |
US20160067035A1 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-10 | Staar Surgical Company | Intraocular Lens With Central Hole For Improved Fluid Flow And Minimized Light Scattering |
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CA2770735C (en) | 2009-08-13 | 2017-07-18 | Acufocus, Inc. | Masked intraocular implants and lenses |
RU2650208C1 (ru) | 2014-07-25 | 2018-04-11 | Мусасино Ленс Рисерч, Инк. | Факичная интраокулярная линза |
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JPS62210440A (ja) * | 1986-03-12 | 1987-09-16 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 透過型投影スクリ−ン用レンズシ−ト |
US20050149184A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-07-07 | Theo Bogaert | Phakic intraocular lens with improved fluid circulation properties |
JP2010525884A (ja) * | 2007-04-30 | 2010-07-29 | アルコン,インコーポレイティド | 負の異常光視症を軽減するように設計された周辺領域を持つ眼内レンズ |
US20160067035A1 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-10 | Staar Surgical Company | Intraocular Lens With Central Hole For Improved Fluid Flow And Minimized Light Scattering |
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