WO2021148698A1 - Environmentally-friendly refrigerant composition, method for the production thereof, and use of same - Google Patents

Environmentally-friendly refrigerant composition, method for the production thereof, and use of same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021148698A1
WO2021148698A1 PCT/ES2021/070037 ES2021070037W WO2021148698A1 WO 2021148698 A1 WO2021148698 A1 WO 2021148698A1 ES 2021070037 W ES2021070037 W ES 2021070037W WO 2021148698 A1 WO2021148698 A1 WO 2021148698A1
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composition
refrigerant composition
refrigerant
proportions
weight
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PCT/ES2021/070037
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Mariana Camargo Gutiérrez
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Lakisa 3, S.L.
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Priority to MX2022009061A priority Critical patent/MX2022009061A/en
Publication of WO2021148698A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021148698A1/en
Priority to DO2022000143A priority patent/DOP2022000143A/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
    • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
    • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/30—Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
    • C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a refrigerant composition, intended to be used in refrigerators, conditioners or cooling units of any type, especially indicated for its respectful nature with the environment by virtue of its non-polluting nature and its collaboration in a lower consumption of energy from the appliances and devices in which it is integrated, and thereby helping to achieve much lower C02 emissions than with other known refrigerants.
  • the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a composition of the aforementioned type.
  • the invention provides for a preferential use of the gaseous composition that is described mainly in the field of thermal conditioning of spaces and in other industrial sectors, as a refrigerant composition in conditioners or as a propellant composition in aerosol products or similar products packaged under gas pressure. .
  • the technical field in which the present invention falls falls within the industrial sector dedicated to the manufacture and supply of refrigerant gases for refrigeration appliances of any type.
  • the devices and apparatus intended to cool or cool any space contain inside a gaseous refrigerant compound that is first compressed to a liquid state at certain pressure and temperature levels and that then it is released so that it expands again and returns to the gaseous state with the consequent absorption of heat in its evaporation stage and the corresponding drop in temperature in the space to which it is applied.
  • Refrigerant compounds have been used before, they are generally chlorofluorocarbon-type compounds commonly known as “freons”, which consist of gases that have been revealed as highly damaging to the ozone layer, and which are considered to be responsible for the elimination of a significant portion of the protective ozone layer from the earth's surface against dangerous and harmful UV rays associated with solar radiation, causing what has been called the “hole in the ozone layer”.
  • fluorocarbon-type compounds commonly known as “freons”
  • the most commonly used refrigerant in air conditioners has been the so-called HCFC, also technically known as R-22, which also destroys the ozone layer.
  • the gas known as R410A has been used, especially appropriate for the design of inverters that allow the temperature to be maintained within previously established limits.
  • Freons had, at the time, a rapid and wide diffusion when they were revealed as highly efficient gases for use in the manufacture of refrigerants for use in domestic or industrial refrigeration devices, and also as propellants in the case of pressure containers. of sprayed products to be expelled to the environment, such as aerosol product containers, also at a domestic or industrial level.
  • the use of these gases has caused, for many years, huge amounts of discharges into the atmosphere, both accidental and intentional, especially in relation to the use and disposal worldwide both in aerosol product packaging and in the In the case of other industries, such as the home appliance manufacturing industry, the automotive industry, or the electronics industry, in particular the manufacture of certain electronic components and for cleaning printed circuit boards, among others.
  • composition is based on a combination of hydrocarbons in which difluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, tetrafluoroethane and trifluoroethane intervene, mutually mixed with each other.
  • the document KR-101868135 B1 discloses an environmentally friendly refrigerant gas composition, as well as a manufacturing method thereof, in which document the problem of carbon dioxide emissions to the environment is addressed, and proposes a solution to drastically reduce such emissions.
  • the composition proposed in this document also applicable in refrigeration and environmental conditioning devices, comprises a mixture of tetrafluoro propene, methylene fluoride, ethane pentafluoride and ethane difluoride. According to the description of said document, this combination also makes it possible to drastically reduce the consumption of the electric heat pump and, consequently, the emissions to the atmosphere.
  • the present invention represents an important step in terms of reaching solutions that solve, or at least mitigate, the need posed in the current art in terms of improving the performance and behavior of known refrigerant compositions.
  • the invention proposes a refrigerant composition, usable in refrigeration and conditioning devices, with characteristics such that it allows the pressure to be reduced in comparison with conventional refrigerant gas, while maintaining the appropriate ambient temperature during refrigeration operations. heating and cooling, while contributing to a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere.
  • the proposed composition allows the successful replacement of chlorofluorocarbon compounds (the aforementioned fireones), for which the new refrigerant gas, respectful with the environment and capable of reducing energy consumption while maintaining the ambient temperature, in heating or cooling, is made up of the components listed below, in proportions that may vary within ranges such as those detailed: these proportions being expressed by weight.
  • the difluoromethane components are mixed with pentafluoroethane, obtaining a first product resulting from the mixture;
  • the product resulting from the first stage is mixed with 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane to obtain a second product resulting from mixing, and
  • the resulting mixing product obtained in the second stage is mixed with 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, to finally obtain the new refrigerant composition.
  • the new refrigerant composition thus obtained complies with the principles enunciated in the present invention, and as such, it effectively replaces freons and has an absolutely ecological behavior. Regarding the reduction in power consumption, it has been found that it can be up to 50% with respect to the compositions conventionally used in prior art refrigerators.
  • the invention is particularly applicable in the industrial sector for the manufacture of refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus and devices, as well as the industry for the packaging of aerosol products or other sprayable products packaged under gas pressure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an environmentally-friendly refrigerant composition for effectively replacing the gases currently used in appliances used for refrigeration, air conditioning and aerosol propellants, among others. The composition consists of a combination of gaseous hydrocarbons mutually mixed together, including 1, 1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, difluoromethane and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane. The method comprises mixing the gases together in three successive steps, the proportions of the different gases in the mixture being within the ranges of 78.0%-87.5% by weight, 5.5%-9% by weight, 3.0%-5.5% by weight and 1.9%-3.6% by weight, respectively.

Description

UNA COMPOSICIÓN REFRIGERANTE RESPETUOSA CON EL MEDIO AMBIENTE Y AN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY REFRIGERANT COMPOSITION AND
DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
Campo técnico de la invención Technical field of the invention
La presente invención se refiere a una composición refrigerante, destinada a ser usada en refrigeradores, acondicionadores o apartados enfriadores de cualquier tipo, especialmente indicada por su carácter respetuoso con el medio ambiente en virtud de su carácter no contaminante y su colaboración en un menor consumo de energía por parte de los aparatos y dispositivos en los que se integra, y ayudando con ello a unas emisiones de C02 mucho más bajas que con otros refrigerantes conocidos. The present invention refers to a refrigerant composition, intended to be used in refrigerators, conditioners or cooling units of any type, especially indicated for its respectful nature with the environment by virtue of its non-polluting nature and its collaboration in a lower consumption of energy from the appliances and devices in which it is integrated, and thereby helping to achieve much lower C02 emissions than with other known refrigerants.
La invención se refiere también a un método de fabricación de una composición del tipo anteriormente mencionada. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a composition of the aforementioned type.
Asimismo, la invención prevé un uso preferente de la composición gaseosa que se describe principalmente en el sector del acondicionamiento térmico de espacios y en otros sectores industriales, como composición refrigerante en acondicionadores o como composición propelente en productos de aerosol o similares envasados bajo presión del gas. Likewise, the invention provides for a preferential use of the gaseous composition that is described mainly in the field of thermal conditioning of spaces and in other industrial sectors, as a refrigerant composition in conditioners or as a propellant composition in aerosol products or similar products packaged under gas pressure. .
El campo técnico en el que se inscribe la presente invención se encuentra comprendido dentro del sector industrial dedicado a la fabricación y provisión de gases refrigerantes para aparatos refrigeradores de cualquier tipo. The technical field in which the present invention falls falls within the industrial sector dedicated to the manufacture and supply of refrigerant gases for refrigeration appliances of any type.
Antecedentes de la invención Background of the invention
Tal y como conocen los expertos en la materia, los dispositivos y aparatos destinados a enfriar o refrigerar cualquier espacio contienen en su interior un compuesto refrigerante gaseoso que en primer lugar es comprimido hasta alcanzar el estado líquido en unos niveles determinados de presión y temperatura y que a continuación se libera para que se expanda nuevamente y vuelva al estado gaseoso con la consiguiente absorción de calor en su etapa de evaporación y la correspondiente bajada de temperatura en el espacio al que se aplica. Los compuestos refrigerantes han sido usados con anterioridad, son por lo general compuestos de tipo clorofluorocarbonados conocidos como comúnmente como “freones”, que consisten en gases que se han revelado como altamente perjudiciales para la capa de ozono, y que son considerados como los responsables de la eliminación de una porción importante de la capa de ozono protectora de la superficie terrestre contra los peligrosos y dañinos rayos UV asociados a la radiación solar, provocando lo que se ha dado en llamar “agujero de la capa de ozono”. Por ejemplo, el refrigerante más utilizado en los aires acondicionados ha sido el denominado HCFC, también conocido técnicamente como R- 22, que también destruye la capa de ozono. También, en el caso de los acondicionadores de aire de tipo Inversor, se ha utilizado el gas conocido como R410A, especialmente apropiado para el diseño de inversores que permiten mantener la temperatura entre límites previamente establecidos. As is known to those skilled in the art, the devices and apparatus intended to cool or cool any space contain inside a gaseous refrigerant compound that is first compressed to a liquid state at certain pressure and temperature levels and that then it is released so that it expands again and returns to the gaseous state with the consequent absorption of heat in its evaporation stage and the corresponding drop in temperature in the space to which it is applied. Refrigerant compounds have been used before, they are generally chlorofluorocarbon-type compounds commonly known as “freons”, which consist of gases that have been revealed as highly damaging to the ozone layer, and which are considered to be responsible for the elimination of a significant portion of the protective ozone layer from the earth's surface against dangerous and harmful UV rays associated with solar radiation, causing what has been called the “hole in the ozone layer”. For example, the most commonly used refrigerant in air conditioners has been the so-called HCFC, also technically known as R-22, which also destroys the ozone layer. Also, in the case of Inverter-type air conditioners, the gas known as R410A has been used, especially appropriate for the design of inverters that allow the temperature to be maintained within previously established limits.
Los freones tuvieron, en su momento, una rápida y amplia difusión cuando se revelaron como gases altamente eficaces para su utilización en la fabricación de refrigerantes para su uso en aparatos refrigeradores domésticos o Industriales, y también como propelentes en el caso de envases a presión contenedores de productos pulverizados para ser expulsados al ambiente, tal como los contenedores de productos de aerosol, asimismo a nivel doméstico o Industrial. Como se comprenderá, la utilización de estos gases ha provocado durante muchos años, unas cantidades Ingentes de vertidos a la atmósfera, tanto accidentales como intencionados, sobre todo en relación con el uso y desecho a nivel mundial tanto en envases de productos aerosoles como en el caso de otras industrias, tal como la Industria de la fabricación de electrodomésticos, la Industria de la automoción, o la industria electrónica, en particular la fabricación de determinados componentes electrónicos y para la limpieza de placas de circuito Impreso, entre otros. Freons had, at the time, a rapid and wide diffusion when they were revealed as highly efficient gases for use in the manufacture of refrigerants for use in domestic or industrial refrigeration devices, and also as propellants in the case of pressure containers. of sprayed products to be expelled to the environment, such as aerosol product containers, also at a domestic or industrial level. As will be understood, the use of these gases has caused, for many years, huge amounts of discharges into the atmosphere, both accidental and intentional, especially in relation to the use and disposal worldwide both in aerosol product packaging and in the In the case of other industries, such as the home appliance manufacturing industry, the automotive industry, or the electronics industry, in particular the manufacture of certain electronic components and for cleaning printed circuit boards, among others.
La evidencia de que estos gases son los responsables del agujero de la capa de ozono, ha provocado que en las últimas décadas se lleve a cabo una Incesante Investigación destinada a encontrar nuevos productos capaces de sustituir a los freones de forma eficiente y con un mínimo menoscabo de las prestaciones de estos últimos. Una solución eficaz ha sido encontrada en el uso de determinadas combinaciones de hidrocarburos, tal como por ejemplo etano y/o propano y/o butano, que solos o de forma combinada han podido ser usados para los fines especificados. Como ejemplo de lo anterior, el documento KR-101655919 B1 describe una nueva composición de gas refrigerante respetuosa con el medio ambiente y un método de fabricación de la misma, adecuada para su uso en aparatos de acondicionamiento de aire, cuya composición permite un mantenimiento adecuado de la tempera ambiente deseada mientras permite que se reduzca el consumo de energía del aparato de refrigeración. Para ello la composición está basada en una combinación de hidrocarburos en la que intervienen difluoroetano, pentafluoroetano, tetrafluoroetano y trifluoroetano, mutuamente mezclados entre sí. The evidence that these gases are responsible for the hole in the ozone layer has led to Incessant Research in recent decades to find new products capable of replacing freons efficiently and with minimal impairment. of the benefits of the latter. An effective solution has been found in the use of certain combinations of hydrocarbons, such as for example ethane and / or propane and / or butane, which alone or in combination have been used for the specified purposes. As an example of the above, document KR-101655919 B1 describes a new environmentally friendly refrigerant gas composition and a manufacturing method thereof, suitable for use in air conditioning appliances, the composition of which allows a proper maintenance of the desired room temperature while allowing the energy consumption of the refrigeration appliance to be reduced. For this, the composition is based on a combination of hydrocarbons in which difluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, tetrafluoroethane and trifluoroethane intervene, mutually mixed with each other.
De forma similar, el documento KR-101868135 B1 divulga una composición de gas refrigerante respetuosa con el medio ambiente, así como un método de fabricación de la misma, en cuyo documento se aborda el problema de las emisiones de dióxido de carbono al medio ambiente, y propone una solución para reducir drásticamente tales emisiones. La composición propuesta en este documento, asimismo aplicable en aparatos de refrigeración y acondicionamiento ambiental, comprende una mezcla de tetrafluoro propeno, fluoruro de metileno, pentafluoruro etano y difluoruro etano. De acuerdo con la descripción de dicho documento, esta combinación permite también reducir drásticamente el consumo de la bomba eléctrica de calor y, en consecuencia, las emisiones a la atmósfera. Similarly, the document KR-101868135 B1 discloses an environmentally friendly refrigerant gas composition, as well as a manufacturing method thereof, in which document the problem of carbon dioxide emissions to the environment is addressed, and proposes a solution to drastically reduce such emissions. The composition proposed in this document, also applicable in refrigeration and environmental conditioning devices, comprises a mixture of tetrafluoro propene, methylene fluoride, ethane pentafluoride and ethane difluoride. According to the description of said document, this combination also makes it possible to drastically reduce the consumption of the electric heat pump and, consequently, the emissions to the atmosphere.
A pesar de los esfuerzos realizados, sigue existiendo la necesidad de diseñar una composición que sea utilizable tanto a efectos de refrigeración y acondicionamiento de aire como con otras aplicaciones, que permita reducir los efectos derivados de la utilización de las composiciones gaseosas perjudiciales para el medio ambiente en mayor medida que las composiciones usadas en la actualidad, y que a la vez suponga una solución eficiente para lograr un funcionamiento adecuado de los aparatos refrigeradores actuales u otros contenedores de productos bajo presión del gas, con el máximo incremento posible de su rendimiento y, en el caso de los aparatos refrigeradores y de acondicionamiento de aire, con una reducción del consumo de energía eléctrica del aparato refrigerador o acondicionador. Despite the efforts made, there is still a need to design a composition that is usable both for cooling and air conditioning purposes as well as for other applications, which allows reducing the effects derived from the use of gaseous compositions that are harmful to the environment. to a greater extent than the compositions used today, and that at the same time represents an efficient solution to achieve an adequate operation of current refrigerators or other containers of products under gas pressure, with the maximum possible increase in their performance and, in the case of refrigeration and air conditioning appliances, with a reduction in the electrical energy consumption of the refrigerator or conditioner.
Descripción de la invención Description of the invention
La presente invención supone un paso importante en cuanto a alcanzar soluciones que resuelvan, o al menos mitiguen, la necesidad planteada en la técnica actual en cuanto a mejorar el rendimiento y el comportamiento de las composiciones refrigerantes conocidas. Para ello, la invención propone una composición refrigerante, utilizable en los aparatos de refrigeración y acondicionamiento, con unas características tales que permiten reducir la presión en comparación con el gas refrigerante convencional, mientras mantiene la temperatura ambiente apropiada durante las operaciones de calentamiento y enfriamiento, a la vez que contribuye a una reducción importante de las emisiones de dióxido de carbono a la atmósfera. La composición que se propone permite sustituir con éxito los compuestos clorofluorocarbonados (los mencionados fireones), para lo cual el nuevo gas refrigerante, respetuoso con el medio ambiente y capacitado paras reducir el consumo de energía mientras mantiene la temperatura ambiente, en operaciones de calefacción o de refrigeración, está integrado por los componentes que se relacionan a continuación, en proporciones que pueden variar dentro de intervalos tales como los que se detallan:
Figure imgf000005_0001
estando estas proporciones expresadas en peso. The present invention represents an important step in terms of reaching solutions that solve, or at least mitigate, the need posed in the current art in terms of improving the performance and behavior of known refrigerant compositions. To this end, the invention proposes a refrigerant composition, usable in refrigeration and conditioning devices, with characteristics such that it allows the pressure to be reduced in comparison with conventional refrigerant gas, while maintaining the appropriate ambient temperature during refrigeration operations. heating and cooling, while contributing to a significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. The proposed composition allows the successful replacement of chlorofluorocarbon compounds (the aforementioned fireones), for which the new refrigerant gas, respectful with the environment and capable of reducing energy consumption while maintaining the ambient temperature, in heating or cooling, is made up of the components listed below, in proportions that may vary within ranges such as those detailed:
Figure imgf000005_0001
these proportions being expressed by weight.
En una forma de realización preferida, no limitativa, las proporciones en las que Interviene cada uno de los componentes que Integran la composición de la presente Invención son las siguientes:
Figure imgf000005_0002
In a preferred, non-limiting embodiment, the proportions in which each of the components that make up the composition of the present invention intervenes are the following:
Figure imgf000005_0002
Para llevar a efecto la preparación de una composición refrigerante, respetuosa con el medio ambiente, a partir de los componentes mencionados con anterioridad, la invención ha diseñado un método tal y como se expone a continuación, tomando para ello como referencia la composición el ejemplo de realización preferida anteriormente detallado: To carry out the preparation of a refrigerant composition, respectful with the environment, from the aforementioned components, the invention has designed a method as set out below, taking as reference the composition the example of Preferred embodiment detailed above:
En una primera etapa se realiza la mezcla de los componentes de difluorometano con pentafluoroetano, obteniendo un primer producto resultante de mezcla; In a first stage, the difluoromethane components are mixed with pentafluoroethane, obtaining a first product resulting from the mixture;
En una segunda etapa, el producto resultante de la primera etapa, se mezcla con el 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroetano para obtener un segundo producto resultante de mezcla, y In a second stage, the product resulting from the first stage is mixed with 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane to obtain a second product resulting from mixing, and
En una tercera etapa, el producto resultante de mezcla obtenido en la segunda etapa se mezcla con el 1,1,1-trifluoroetano, para obtener finalmente la nueva composición refrigerante. In a third stage, the resulting mixing product obtained in the second stage is mixed with 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, to finally obtain the new refrigerant composition.
Debe aclararse en este punto de la descripción que el orden de mezcla de los componentes que se acaba de detallar, no define en absoluto un orden secuencial único para llevar a cabo el método de la invención, sino que debe ser entendido solamente como una forma de realización preferida del método. Por supuesto, las diversas etapas de mezcla pueden ser realizadas en cualquier otro orden, para obtener el mismo resultado final, y sin que ello suponga limitación alguna de la invención. It should be clarified at this point of the description that the order of mixing of the components that has just been detailed does not define at all a unique sequential order to carry out the method of the invention, but that it should be understood only as a form of preferred embodiment of the method. Of course, the various mixing steps can be carried out in any other order, to obtain the same final result, and without this implying any limitation of the invention.
La nueva composición refrigerante así obtenida cumple con los principios enunciados en la presente invención, y como tal, sustituye eficazmente a los freones y tiene un comportamiento absolutamente ecológico. En cuanto a la reducción del consumo de potencia, se ha comprobado que puede llegar a ser de hasta un 50% con respecto a las composiciones usadas convencionalmente en los refrigeradores del estado de la técnica anterior. The new refrigerant composition thus obtained complies with the principles enunciated in the present invention, and as such, it effectively replaces freons and has an absolutely ecological behavior. Regarding the reduction in power consumption, it has been found that it can be up to 50% with respect to the compositions conventionally used in prior art refrigerators.
Aplicabilidad industrial Tal y como se desprende la descripción que antecede de una forma de realización preferida, la invención es particularmente aplicable en el sector industrial destinado a la fabricación de aparatos y dispositivos de refrigeración y acondicionamiento de aire, así como a la industria del envasado de productos en aerosol o de otros productos pulverizables envasados bajo presión del gas. Industrial applicability As can be seen from the preceding description of a preferred embodiment, the invention is particularly applicable in the industrial sector for the manufacture of refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus and devices, as well as the industry for the packaging of aerosol products or other sprayable products packaged under gas pressure.
No se considera necesario hacer más extenso el contenido de la presente descripción para que un experto en la materia pueda comprender su alcance y las ventajas que de la misma se derivan, así como llevar a cabo la realización práctica de su objeto. No obstante lo anterior, los expertos en la materia podrán entender y determinar que dentro de la esencialidad del invento podrán introducirse variaciones de detalle, que podrán afectar a las características de la composición, tal como algunas variaciones ligeras en los porcentajes relativos de los integrantes de la composición, sin apartarse por ello del alcance de la invención según se define mediante las reivindicaciones anexas. It is not considered necessary to extend the content of this description so that an expert in the field can understand its scope and the advantages derived from it, as well as carry out the practical realization of its object. Notwithstanding the foregoing, those skilled in the art will be able to understand and determine that within the essentiality of the invention, variations in detail may be introduced, which may affect the characteristics of the composition, such as some slight variations in the relative percentages of the components of the composition, without thereby departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1.- Una composición refrigerante respetuosa con el medio ambiente, de carácter ecológico y destinada a servir como composición gaseosa para la sustitución de los gases actualmente utilizados como refrigerantes tanto en aparatos refrigeradores y de acondicionamiento de aire como en el caso de los gases propelentes incluidos en el interior de envases con productos pulverizares bajo presión, por ejemplo en envases contenedores de productos en aerosol, caracterizada porque comprende una combinación de gases hidrocarburos a base de 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroetano, pentafluoroetano, difluorometano y 1,1,1 -trifluoroetano. 1.- A refrigerant composition that respects the environment, of an ecological character and intended to serve as a gaseous composition to replace the gases currently used as refrigerants both in refrigeration and air conditioning devices as well as in the case of the propellant gases included. inside containers with spray products under pressure, for example in containers containing aerosol products, characterized in that it comprises a combination of hydrocarbon gases based on 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, difluoromethane and 1,1, 1 -trifluoroethane.
2.- Una composición refrigerante según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizada porque cada uno de los componentes mencionados anteriormente que integran la composición intervienen en unas proporciones comprendidas en los siguientes intervalos:
Figure imgf000007_0001
estando estas proporciones expresadas en peso. 2. A refrigerant composition according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the aforementioned components that make up the composition intervene in proportions comprised in the following ranges:
Figure imgf000007_0001
these proportions being expressed by weight.
3.- Una composición refrigerante según las reivindicaciones 1 y 2, caracterizada porque los componentes que integran la composición intervienen en las siguientes proporciones:
Figure imgf000007_0002
estando las proporciones anteriores expresadas en peso. 3. A refrigerant composition according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the components that make up the composition intervene in the following proportions:
Figure imgf000007_0002
the previous proportions being expressed by weight.
4.- Un método de fabricación de una composición respetuosa con el medio ambiente conforme a lo expresado en las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizado porque comprende: 4. A method of manufacturing a composition that respects the environment according to what is stated in claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises:
Obtener un primer producto resultante mediante una primera etapa de mezcla entre los componentes de difluorometano y pentafluoroetano; Obtain a first resulting product through a first stage of mixing between the difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane components;
Obtener un segundo producto resultante mediante una segunda etapa de mezcla entre el primer producto resultante de la primera etapa de mezcla y el 1,1,1 ,2-tetrafluoroetano, y Obtain a second resulting product by means of a second mixing stage between the first product resulting from the first mixing stage and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, and
Realizar una tercera etapa de mezcla entre el segundo producto resultante obtenido en la segunda etapa de mezcla y el 1,1,1-trifluoroetano, para obtener la composición refrigerante final. Carry out a third mixing stage between the second resulting product obtained in the second mixing stage and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, to obtain the final refrigerant composition.
5.- Uso de la composición refrigerante según cualquier de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, para su incorporación como gas refrigerante en aparatos de refrigeración y acondicionamiento de aire, y en envases contenedores de otros tipos de productos tal como gas propelente en envases contenedores de aerosol. 5.- Use of the refrigerant composition according to any of claims 1 to 3, for its incorporation as a refrigerant gas in refrigeration and air conditioning devices, and in containers for other types of products such as propellant gas in aerosol containers. .
PCT/ES2021/070037 2020-01-22 2021-01-21 Environmentally-friendly refrigerant composition, method for the production thereof, and use of same WO2021148698A1 (en)

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