WO2021148686A1 - Sliding framework for the installation of beams in bridges - Google Patents

Sliding framework for the installation of beams in bridges Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021148686A1
WO2021148686A1 PCT/ES2020/070043 ES2020070043W WO2021148686A1 WO 2021148686 A1 WO2021148686 A1 WO 2021148686A1 ES 2020070043 W ES2020070043 W ES 2020070043W WO 2021148686 A1 WO2021148686 A1 WO 2021148686A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
variable
frame according
sliding frame
transverse
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2020/070043
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fernando Javier FLÓREZ LLANOS
Roberto CARBALLO MARTÍN
Original Assignee
Acciona Infraestructuras, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Acciona Infraestructuras, S.A. filed Critical Acciona Infraestructuras, S.A.
Priority to ES202290047A priority Critical patent/ES2921949B2/en
Priority to PCT/ES2020/070043 priority patent/WO2021148686A1/en
Publication of WO2021148686A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021148686A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C17/00—Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
    • E01D21/06—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges by translational movement of the bridge or bridge sections

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a sliding frame that allows the transport of a prefabricated construction element for the construction of a bridge and / or viaduct, which allows the construction element to be loaded, provisionally supported and longitudinally moved to its final position within the bridge or viaduct. intended for roads, highways and railways, safely and having permanent control of movements and loads,
  • a bridge or viaduct makes it possible to save valleys, other transverse communication routes at the same level or river beds by providing a communication route in accordance with established layout parameters.
  • the bridge or viaduct is made up of foundations and piers that support a deck at the top.
  • this deck is made of concrete, it can be formed by precast beams that, in turn, support the slab on which the traffic of the communication route circulates.
  • precast beams supported on both piers are used.
  • This device built in steel, is known as a sliding frame or beam launcher, beam launcher in English.
  • the sliding frame is capable of moving from one pile to another, relying on at least two previous piles.
  • the frame moves transmitting the loads of its own weight to some metallic auxiliary elements that are placed on support piles, by means of lower launching cars.
  • the limit of the overhang that the sliding frame can reach, until it reaches the adjacent front pile, is determined by the position of the center of gravity of the sliding frame structure, since it must always be located between the two rear piles. adjacent anteriors to guarantee the stability of the structure.
  • the sliding frame also has two upper lifting carriages that move along the metal structure of the sliding frame, at the top, and allow the lifting and placement of the precast beams.
  • the precast girders can begin to be hoisted using the upper hoist cars. Once the beam is hoisted, it is transported to its final position between two capitals on adjacent piers. The process is repeated for all the spans of the bridge or viaduct.
  • the upper hoist cars and lower launch cars of the sliding frame have steel wheels or rollers, which rotate freely on steel rails; that is, the wheels are idle, not braked, to facilitate the movement of the upper hoist cars and the lower launch cars.
  • the longitudinal and transverse displacement system of the conventional sliding frame is solved by means of cable and pulley systems, coupled with an electric motor, which provide low precision in operation and little or no redundancy in the safety systems in the event of a mechanical failure.
  • the use of the sliding frame is potentially limited by the threshold value of the longitudinal slope of the bridge to be built and by the kinematics of loading and placement of beams.
  • the present invention seeks to solve one or more of the drawbacks set forth above by means of a sliding frame as defined in the claims.
  • a sliding frame comprises a first beam and a second beam, namely knives arranged in parallel at a certain distance apart, so that the sliding frame is configured to house between the first and second beam a construction element, which can be transported to the final mounting position of the component.
  • the first beam and the second beam are mechanically coupled by bracing by means of a transverse front bracing frame and a transverse rear bracing frame, which help to maintain the specified distance between the first and second metal truss girders.
  • the transverse front bracing frame comprises at least one first variable guiding coupling and, similarly, the rear transverse bracing frame comprises a second variable guiding coupling that allow a controlled longitudinal translation relative movement between the first beam and the second beam, in a that, if the first beam is advanced in a controlled manner with respect to the second beam of the sliding frame or vice versa, and then the sliding frame moves transversely on transverse ripping beams in a controlled manner, controlled ripping motion, it is capable of following a trajectory curve.
  • the transverse front bracing frame comprises a first upper variable guiding coupling and a first lower variable guiding coupling respectively comprising a first variable guiding element and at least one second variable guiding element, so that this variable guiding element can move longitudinally according to a longitudinal axis of the sliding frame with respect to the first variable guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling.
  • Plain bearings are provided between the first and second variable guiding elements of the first variable guiding coupling.
  • the first variable guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling can be housed, with interposition of the sliding bearings, between two U-shaped arms turned to the left, for example, of the second guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling.
  • first variable guiding element and the second guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling are interchangeable.
  • the slide bearings have in each of the first variable guide elements of the first variable guide coupling, a first component of the bearing that can be positioned adjustable.
  • the first variable guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling can be adjusted in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis, so that a second component of the bearing is provided in each of the other first variable guiding elements of the first variable guiding coupling.
  • the two plain bearing components can also be engaged or disengaged directly.
  • the sliding projection can be positioned more or less fitted in the recess between the two U-shaped arms turned to the left of the second guiding element of the first coupling. variable guide.
  • the first variable guiding coupling features the sliding bearing between the first variable guiding element and the second guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling.
  • the sleeve bearing features the first bearing component and the second bearing component which slidably sits directly on both ends of an elongated central through groove. Thanks to the use of the plain bearing, additional rolling elements, which are difficult to position, can be avoided. This conditions an essential simplification of the structure of the support means. But at the same time, the mounting of the first variable guiding coupling of the transverse front bracing frame, and of the sliding frame provided with the transverse front bracing frame, is also facilitated, since during assembly no additional rolling bodies have to be inserted.
  • the sliding frame also comprises at least one lower launching carriage arranged on the transverse ripping beams located on the upper surface of a capital of a pier of a bridge or viaduct and below the lower plane of the sliding frame, and at least one carriage upper lift with sufficient lifting capacity, so that the lower launch cars can move the sliding frame back and forth without displacement of the same lower launch cars.
  • the sliding frame is transversely movable, if the lower launch cars are transversely displaced on the ripping cross beams.
  • the lower launch carriage comprises a lower ripping semi-rider mechanically coupled through a rotary coupling to an upper advance semi-carriage comprising a first rack transmission, where at least one first toothed pinion meshes with the teeth of a first rack oriented to along a lower chord of a sliding frame knife, so that the first rack transmission transforms the controlled rotation of the first toothed pinion into a controlled translational movement of the sliding frame.
  • the upper lifting carriage comprises a second rack transmission, where at least one second toothed pinion engages the teeth of a second rack oriented along an upper chord of a knife of the sliding frame, so that the second Rack transmission transforms the controlled rotation of the second toothed pinion into a controlled translational movement of the component.
  • the sliding frame comprises a controller that is configured to individually control the relative movement of each carriage with respect to the first and second beams of the sliding frame and, furthermore, individually controls the relative movement of the lower gravel semi-rider with respect to the upper half-trailer. .
  • the sliding frame presents a flexible kinematics and an adaptation to different types of bridge or viaduct layouts, with a wide variety of values of longitudinal slopes.
  • the sliding frame is capable of raising and lowering construction elements and also transporting the construction elements on a rectilinear and / or curved path associated with the alignment of contiguous piers of the bridge.
  • the sliding frame as it has automatically controlled and regulated movements, requires a reduced presence of operations personnel to carry out the installation of the constructive elements in the final assembly position, all of which results in a reduction in the execution time of the bridge or viaduct and , additionally, in an increase in safety both for the personnel who operate the sliding frame and for the sliding frame itself.
  • the sliding frame handles construction elements with fast, precise and safe movements until they are installed in the final mounting position on the bridge.
  • the sliding frame moves safely both when empty and under load and, in addition, the rack and pinion transmission, which engages the teeth of the oriented rack, offers a high precision of positioning of construction elements in predetermined positions on adjacent stacks of the bridge, provides security that prevents accidental sliding of the sliding frame and accidents such as falls from lifting trolleys and from the lattice girders to be assembled.
  • the sliding frame does not slide under its own weight, but is moved by a rack transmission comprising at least one pinion that meshes with the teeth of at least one rack oriented along a lower chord of a sliding frame knife. , transforming the controlled rotation of the at least one pinion into a controlled translational movement of the sliding frame under load or under no load without requiring an anchoring system.
  • Figure 1 shows in an elevation and plan view a sliding beam launching frame comprising a first beam and a second beam arranged in parallel and connected to each other by means of a transverse front frame and a transverse rear frame, where the sliding frame comprises a rear module, at least one intermediate module and a front module
  • figure 2 shows section AA in a profile view of the transverse front frame of the sliding frame
  • figure 3 shows in a profile view the exploded view of the transverse front frame of the sliding frame
  • figure 4 shows in a profile view a detail of the transverse front frame of the sliding frame
  • figure 5 shows in an elevation view the exploded view of a variable guide coupling
  • Figure 6 shows in an elevation view and a lower plan of the variable guiding coupling
  • Figure 7 shows in an elevation view of a launching carriage
  • Figure 8 shows in a plan view of an upper advance semi-trailer
  • Figure 9 shows a plan view of a lower lifting
  • a beam launching sliding frame 111 comprising a first beam 112 and a second beam 113, namely knives that are arranged in parallel at a certain spacing distance to perform loading operations and placing construction elements between two necessary consecutive piers of a bridge, viaduct or the like.
  • a constructive element can be housed within the width existing between the first beam 112 and the second beam 113 of the sliding frame 111, which can be moved in a controlled manner to a predetermined final assembly position of the constructive element.
  • the sliding frame 111 has a cross-sectional shape of! rectangular type and the first beam 112 and second beam 113 also have a cross-sectional shape of the rectangular, triangular, isosceles triangular type or the like.
  • the first beam 112 and the second beam 113 are fabricated as metal truss girders with a spatial isosceles triangular cross section, provide two parallel upper running chords or edges, two parallel outer running chords or lower edges and two inner lower chords or edges. parallel tracks. Both the lower and upper chords are continuous in each metal truss girder.
  • the first beam 112 and the second beam 113 are mechanically coupled by bracing by means of a transverse front frame 114 and a transverse rear frame 115, which help the sliding frame 111 behave as a closed structure and allow to maintain a certain distance of spacing between the first beam 112 and second beam 113 of metal lattice.
  • the slow bracing front transverse frame 114 comprises at least one first variable guiding coupling 211 and, similarly, the slow bracing transverse rear frame 115 also comprises a second variable guiding coupling 211 that allow a limited relative movement of controlled longitudinal translation of the first beam 112 with respect to the second beam 113 or vice versa, so that, for example, the first beam 112 is controlledly advanced with respect to the second beam 113 of the sliding frame 111 to to provide a differential displacement, and then the sliding frame 111 moves transversely by ripping in a controlled manner, the sliding frame 111 is able to describe a turning movement to follow a curved path in plan of the bridge.
  • the transverse front frame 114 of slow brace comprises a first upper portion 212 mechanically coupled on one side to a first integral beam 214, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the first metal lattice beam 112, and on the other opposite side on the front side to a second beam integral 215, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the second metal lattice beam 113, and a second lower portion 213 mechanically coupled on one side to a third beam integral, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the first metal lattice beam 112, and on the other side opposite the front side, to the second variable guiding coupling 211 which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the second metal lattice beam 113, so that, the corresponding edge of the first upper portion 212 is mechanically coupled by means of the first variable guiding coupling 211 of the guiding ball joint type to the second beam integral 215.
  • the transverse front bracing frame 114 comprises the first variable guiding coupling 211 upper and a second variable guiding coupling 211 lower which, respectively, comprise a first variable guiding element 313 in the form of a piece projection 313 for the first portion 212, and a second variable guiding element 314 in the shape of a U turned to the left, for example, adjacent to the free edge of the second beam integral 215.
  • the second variable guide element 314 in the form of a U-piece turned to the left surrounds the protruding piece 313 with two arms 514.
  • the two arms 514 of the second variable guide element 314 each have the arms an elongated central through slot 512, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sliding frame 111.
  • Supporting means are provided between the contiguous outer surfaces of the boss 313 and the arms 514, each in the form of a slide bearing 513.
  • Each slide bearing 513 has a through tubular central through groove similar to the corresponding tubular central through groove 511 of the boss 313.
  • Each component of bearing 513 is located between one surface of boss 313 and a corresponding adjacent surface of arms 514.
  • the bolt 311 independent of the first variable guide element 313 and the second variable guide element 314 in the shape of a T with a hat-shaped upper part and insertable elongated lower part that serves for insertion through the corresponding elongated hollow slots 512 of the second variable guiding element 314 and the elongated central through slot 512 of the first variable guiding element 313, corresponding to the first variable guiding coupling 211 upper and / or the second variable guiding coupling 211 lower of the corresponding transverse bracing frame 114, 115.
  • the free end of the lower elongated portion of bolt 311 has a bevel shape.
  • the elongated lower part of the bolt 311 has an outer diameter approximately corresponding to the width of the elongated central through slot 512.
  • the outer surface of the elongated bottom portion and the exterior surface of the elongated central through slot 512 are provided with a sliding surface.
  • the first beam 112 and the second beam 113 Prior to the insertion of the bolt 311 into the elongated central through-grooves 512, in a sliding mounting position, where the sliding surfaces come into contact, the first beam 112 and the second beam 113 have to be suspended so that each projecting piece 313 can be inserted into the recess of the arms 514 of the second variable guiding element 314.
  • the bolt 311 fixed in the sliding mounting position by means of a washer and nut, so that the fixing nut is threaded at the end free from the bottom elongated bolt 311.
  • the elongated central through-slot 512 is a relative displacement limiting element enters the first beam 112 and the second beam 113 of the sliding frame 111.
  • the transverse rear frame 115 with slow brace comprises a first upper portion 212 mechanically coupled on one side to a first integral beam 214, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the first metal lattice beam 112, and on the other side opposite side to the front side to a second integral beam 215, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the second metal lattice beam 113, and a second lower portion 213 mechanically coupled on one side to a third integral beam, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the first metal lattice beam 112, and on the other side opposite the front side, to the second variable guiding coupling 211 which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the second metal lattice beam 113, in such a way that, the corresponding edge of the first upper portion 212 is mechanically engaged by means of the first guided coupling variable r 211 of the guiding ball joint type to the second integral beam 215,
  • the first and second variable guiding couplings 211 of the guiding ball joint type make it possible to limit the relative movement between the first metal lattice beam 112 and the second metal lattice beam 113 of the sliding frame 111 in a safe and controlled manner.
  • the slow bracing transverse front frame 114 and the slow bracing transverse rear frame 115 are frames made of metal material.
  • the longitudinal displacement of the projecting projection is along a longitudinal axis of the sliding frame 111.
  • the sliding frame 111 also comprises at least one lower launching carriage 711 arranged on horizontal ripping transverse beams located on the upper surface of the rectangular capital of a bridge stack and below the plane. defined by lower chords of the first beam 112 and second beam 113.
  • the lower launch cart 711 comprises a lower ripping semi-trailer 713 mechanically coupled to an upper feed semi-trailer 712 by means of a rotary mechanical coupling 714. Both semi-rides 712, 713 are movably disposed on the rotary mechanical coupling 714.
  • the motors Controllable electrical devices acting on the rotary mechanical coupling 714 make possible exact and rapid positioning movements of both half-faces 712, 713 and also positioning and stopping in a rotational situation.
  • the lower ripping semi-rider 713 comprises running rollers 716, steel rollers, which roll on the ripping steel beams to transversely move the sled frame 111.
  • the upper advance half-carriage 712 comprises at least a first toothed pinion 715 and a rolling roller 717,
  • the at least one first pinion 715 engages the teeth of a first rack oriented along an outer lower chord of a beam 112, 113 of the sliding frame 111 to form at least a first rack transmission.
  • the rolling roller 717 is arranged at the opposite end of the shaft of the first toothed pinion 715, which rolls without sliding on the lower inner rolling bead of the beam 112, 113 of the frame 111.
  • the track rollers 717 may be replaced by toothed pinions 715 that mesh in toothed racks oriented along the inner bottom chords of the beams 112, 113 of the sliding frame 111.
  • the rack transmission prevents slipping under its own weight of the sliding frame 111 when it is moved back and forth and stops in a certain position with a high degree of inclination.
  • the rack transmission transforms the controlled rotation of the first toothed pinion 715 into a controlled translational movement of the sliding frame 111 forward or backward, so that the sliding frame 111 can be moved forward and backward with an inclination greater than 6%.
  • the sliding frame 111 comprises a front upper lifting trolley 811 and a rear upper lifting trolley 811, overhead cranes, which have sufficient lifting capacity and can travel the upper chords of the beams 112, 113 of the sliding frame 111 in a controlled manner.
  • Both the 811 upper lift front trolley and the upper lift rear trolley 811 comprise a second rack transmission, where a second upper toothed pinion 812 meshes with the teeth of a second lower rack oriented along the corresponding upper chord of the first beam 112 and of the second beam 113 of the sliding frame 111.
  • the second Rack drives transform the rotation of the second upper toothed pinions 812 into a controlled translational movement of the constructive element in a controlled manner.
  • Rack drives comprise controllable electric motors, electric servomotors, which act on the corresponding second upper toothed pinion 812 and make exact and fast positioning movements possible.
  • the electric motor is connected to a controller of the sliding frame 111 to remotely and independently control the relative movement of each upper hoist carriage 811 with respect to the first 112 and second beam 113 of the sliding frame 111.
  • the second rack transmission is arranged in proximity to the lower surface of the corresponding upper lifting trolley 811 and between the lateral vertical surfaces of the upper lifting trolleys 811.
  • the upper lifting carriages 811 arranged on the parallel upper rolling chords are linearly movable between the front front end of the sliding frame 111 and the front rear end of the sliding frame 111, so that they can lift or lower a construction element and they can also transport the longitudinal construction element to its final assembly position on adjacent piers of a bridge or viaduct.
  • the lower launch cars 711 are movable and operated independently of each other as each one of them is located on the corresponding capital of a pier of a bridge or viaduct, so that the sliding frame 111 can be moved by the lower launch cars. 711 forward and backward, linear and straight forward movements, and transversely by ripping relative to adjacent piers of the bridge, curved ripping translational movements.
  • the metal lattice girders 112, 113 have been designed as modular. At the ends of the same beams 112, 113 two special modules are placed, called front and rear, defining a curve in their lower chord, which allows the entry into the corresponding lower launch carts of the sliding frame 111.
  • the sliding frame 111 comprises a controller that controls individually and independently of each other the movement of all the carriages and half-carriages of the sliding frame 111.
  • the controller is configured to synchronously control the set of engines of the cars and semi-trucks remotely.
  • the controller can drive the electric drive motors in a synchronized manner to longitudinally move the sliding frame 111 and / or can drive a certain group of drive motors to independently move a single metal lattice girder 112, 113.
  • the sliding frame 111 is monitored by at least one sensor and its location is a function of the physical variation that they have to measure. The measurements are useful for calculating the displacement speed, accelerations, load level, translations due to ripping, tensions, pressures, etc.
  • the sensors are directly connected to the controller where the transmission of data or signals between the sensors and the controller is possible through physical or wireless communication connections, so that wireless communications require transmitters and receivers corresponding to the data signals.
  • the controller comprises at least one processor that executes a control algorithm from the data received from the plurality of sensors to supply command and command signals to the different movable elements of the sliding frame 111.

Abstract

A sliding framework for the transport of construction elements, comprising a first beam (112) and a second beam (113) and at least one lower launch trolley (711) displaceable transversally along transversal skid beams disposed on at least one head of a bridge pier, where the lower launch trolley (711) comprises an upper roller unit (712) comprising at least one toothed wheel (715) that may be engaged in the teeth of a rack oriented along the lower boom of a beam (112, 113) which transforms the controlled rotation of the toothed wheel (715) into a controlled forward or rearward movement of the sliding framework (111).

Description

ARMAZÓN CORREDIZO PARA COLOCACIÓN DE VIGAS ENSLIDING FRAME FOR BEAM PLACEMENT IN
PUENTESBridges
OBJETO OBJECT
La presente invención se refiere a un armazón corredizo que permite el transporte de un elemento constructivo prefabricado para la construcción de un puente y/o viaducto, que permite cargar, sostener provisionalmente y trasladar longitudinalmente el elemento constructivo hasta su posición final dentro del puente o viaducto destinado a viales, carreteras y ferrocarriles, de manera segura y teniendo un control permanente de movimientos y cargas, The present invention refers to a sliding frame that allows the transport of a prefabricated construction element for the construction of a bridge and / or viaduct, which allows the construction element to be loaded, provisionally supported and longitudinally moved to its final position within the bridge or viaduct. intended for roads, highways and railways, safely and having permanent control of movements and loads,
ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICA STATE OF THE ART
En general, la construcción de un puente o viaducto permite salvar valles, otras vías de comunicación transversales al mismo nivel o cauces de ríos proporcionando una vía de comunicación de acuerdo con unos parámetros de trazado establecidos. In general, the construction of a bridge or viaduct makes it possible to save valleys, other transverse communication routes at the same level or river beds by providing a communication route in accordance with established layout parameters.
El puente o viaducto se compone de cimentaciones y pilas que soportan en su parte superior un tablero. Cuando este tablero es de hormigón, puede estar formado por vigas prefabricadas que, a su vez, soportan la losa sobre la que circula el tráfico de la vía de comunicación. En este caso, para poder salvar la distancia existente, en sentido longitudinal, entre dos pilas consecutivas, se utilizan vigas prefabricadas apoyadas en ambas pilas. The bridge or viaduct is made up of foundations and piers that support a deck at the top. When this deck is made of concrete, it can be formed by precast beams that, in turn, support the slab on which the traffic of the communication route circulates. In this case, in order to bridge the existing distance, in the longitudinal direction, between two consecutive piers, precast beams supported on both piers are used.
Cuando el acceso desde la parte inferior del tablero no es viable y se descarta el montaje de las vigas mediante grúas, es práctica común utilizar un armazón corredizo autolanzabie para el izado y colocación de las vigas, que puede desplazarse de una pila a otra adyacente, sin asistencia por parte de grúas. When access from the lower part of the deck is not feasible and the assembly of the beams by means of cranes is ruled out, it is common practice to use a self-launching sliding frame for lifting and placing the beams, which can be moved from one pile to another adjacent one. without assistance from cranes.
Este dispositivo, construido en acero, se conoce como armazón corredizo o lanzador de vigas, beam launcher en inglés. This device, built in steel, is known as a sliding frame or beam launcher, beam launcher in English.
El armazón corredizo es capaz de desplazarse de una pila a otra, apoyándose en ai menos dos pilas anteriores. El armazón se desplaza transmitiendo las cargas de su peso propio a unos elementos auxiliares metálicos que se colocan sobre pilas de apoyo, mediante unos carros de lanzamiento inferiores. El límite del voladizo que puede alcanzar el armazón corredizo, hasta llegar a la pila delantera adyacente, está determinado por la posición del centro de gravedad de la estructura del armazón corredizo, ya que éste debe estar situado siempre entre las dos pilas traseras anteriores adyacentes para garantizar ia estabilidad de ia estructura. The sliding frame is capable of moving from one pile to another, relying on at least two previous piles. The frame moves transmitting the loads of its own weight to some metallic auxiliary elements that are placed on support piles, by means of lower launching cars. The limit of the overhang that the sliding frame can reach, until it reaches the adjacent front pile, is determined by the position of the center of gravity of the sliding frame structure, since it must always be located between the two rear piles. adjacent anteriors to guarantee the stability of the structure.
El armazón corredizo cuenta asimismo con dos carros de izado superiores que se desplazan a lo largo de la estructura metálica del armazón corredizo, por su parte superior, y permiten el izado y colocación de las vigas prefabricadas. Una vez que el armazón corredizo está correctamente apoyado, se puede comenzar a izar las vigas prefabricadas mediante los carros de izado superiores. Una vez izada la viga, se transporta hasta su posición final entre dos capiteles sobre pilas adyacentes. El proceso se repite para todos los vanos del puente o viaducto. The sliding frame also has two upper lifting carriages that move along the metal structure of the sliding frame, at the top, and allow the lifting and placement of the precast beams. Once the sliding frame is properly supported, the precast girders can begin to be hoisted using the upper hoist cars. Once the beam is hoisted, it is transported to its final position between two capitals on adjacent piers. The process is repeated for all the spans of the bridge or viaduct.
Los carros de izado superiores y los carros de lanzamiento inferiores del armazón corredizo tienen ruedas o rodillos de acero, que giran libremente sobre raíles de acero; es decir, las ruedas están locos, no frenadas, para facilitar el desplazamiento de los carros de izado superiores y ios carros de lanzamiento inferiores. The upper hoist cars and lower launch cars of the sliding frame have steel wheels or rollers, which rotate freely on steel rails; that is, the wheels are idle, not braked, to facilitate the movement of the upper hoist cars and the lower launch cars.
El sistema de desplazamiento longitudinal y transversal del armazón corredizo convencional se resuelve mediante sistemas de cables y poleas, acopiados a un motor eléctrico, que proporcionan baja precisión en la operación y poca o ninguna redundancia en los sistemas de seguridad ante un fallo mecánico. The longitudinal and transverse displacement system of the conventional sliding frame is solved by means of cable and pulley systems, coupled with an electric motor, which provide low precision in operation and little or no redundancy in the safety systems in the event of a mechanical failure.
Para trazados de viaductos que requieren cinemáticas de carga complejas, esto representa un inconveniente. Adicionalmente, para rampas y pendientes elevadas el deslizamiento longitudinal del armazón corredizo simplemente por adherencia entre carriles y ruedas es posible debido a la escasa fricción entre carril y rueda de acero. Por lo tanto, la utilización de un armazón corredizo está limitado a puentes o viaductos que presenten una pendiente longitudinal mínima y con cinemáticas de carga y colocación de vigas, sencillas. Si el valor de la pendiente longitudinal del puente existente entre pilas supera un umbral determinado, el armazón corredizo podría llegar a deslizar por su propio peso cuando el armazón corredizo se mueve. For viaduct layouts that require complex loading kinematics, this represents a drawback. Additionally, for ramps and steep slopes the longitudinal sliding of the sliding frame simply by adhesion between rails and wheels is possible due to the low friction between rail and steel wheel. Therefore, the use of a sliding frame is limited to bridges or viaducts that present a minimum longitudinal slope and with simple load kinematics and beam placement. If the value of the longitudinal slope of the existing bridge between piers exceeds a certain threshold, the sliding frame could slide under its own weight when the sliding frame moves.
Consecuentemente, ia utilización del armazón corredizo está potencialmente limitado por el valor umbral de la pendiente longitudinal del puente que se desea construir y por las cinemáticas de carga y colocación de vigas. Consequently, the use of the sliding frame is potentially limited by the threshold value of the longitudinal slope of the bridge to be built and by the kinematics of loading and placement of beams.
SUMARIO La presente invención busca resolver uno o más de ios inconvenientes expuestos anteriormente mediante un armazón corredizo tal como es definido en las reivindicaciones. SUMMARY The present invention seeks to solve one or more of the drawbacks set forth above by means of a sliding frame as defined in the claims.
Un armazón corredizo comprende una primera viga y una segunda viga, a saber, cuchillos dispuestos paralelamente a una determinada distancia de separación, de manera que, el armazón corredizo está configurado para alojar entre la primera y segunda viga un elemento constructivo, que puede ser transportado hasta la posición final de montaje del elemento constructivo. A sliding frame comprises a first beam and a second beam, namely knives arranged in parallel at a certain distance apart, so that the sliding frame is configured to house between the first and second beam a construction element, which can be transported to the final mounting position of the component.
La primera viga y la segunda viga están acopladas mecánicamente por arriostramiento por medio de un marco anterior transversal de arriostramiento y un marco posterior transversal de arriostramiento, que ayudan a mantener la determinada distancia de separación entre la primera y segunda viga de celosía metálica. The first beam and the second beam are mechanically coupled by bracing by means of a transverse front bracing frame and a transverse rear bracing frame, which help to maintain the specified distance between the first and second metal truss girders.
El marco anterior transversal de arriostramiento comprende ai menos un primer acoplamiento guiador variable y, análogamente, el marco posterior transversal de arriostramiento comprende un segundo acopiamiento guiador variable que permiten un movimiento relativo de translación longitudinal controlado entre la primera viga y la segunda viga, de manera que, si la primera viga se adelanta controladamente con respecto a la segunda viga del armazón corredizo o viceversa, y seguidamente el armazón corredizo se desplaza transversalmente sobre unas vigas transversales de ripado de manera controlada, movimiento controlado de ripado, es capaz de seguir una trayectoria curva. El marco anterior transversal de arriostramiento comprende un primer acoplamiento guiador variable superior y un primer acoplamiento guiador variable inferior que respectivamente comprenden un primer elemento guiador variable y al menos un segundo elemento guiador variable, de manera que, este elemento guiador variable puede desplazarse longitudinalmente según un eje longitudinal del armazón corredizo con respecto al primer elemento guiador variable del primer acoplamiento guiador variable. Entre el primer y el segundo elemento guiador variable del primer acoplamiento guiador variable, están previstos cojinetes de deslizamiento. The transverse front bracing frame comprises at least one first variable guiding coupling and, similarly, the rear transverse bracing frame comprises a second variable guiding coupling that allow a controlled longitudinal translation relative movement between the first beam and the second beam, in a that, if the first beam is advanced in a controlled manner with respect to the second beam of the sliding frame or vice versa, and then the sliding frame moves transversely on transverse ripping beams in a controlled manner, controlled ripping motion, it is capable of following a trajectory curve. The transverse front bracing frame comprises a first upper variable guiding coupling and a first lower variable guiding coupling respectively comprising a first variable guiding element and at least one second variable guiding element, so that this variable guiding element can move longitudinally according to a longitudinal axis of the sliding frame with respect to the first variable guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling. Plain bearings are provided between the first and second variable guiding elements of the first variable guiding coupling.
El primer elemento guiador variable del primer acoplamiento guiador variable puede alojarse, con interposición de ios cojinetes de deslizamiento, entre dos brazos en forma de U girados hacia la izquierda, por ejemplo, del segundo elemento guiador del primer acoplamiento guiador variable. The first variable guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling can be housed, with interposition of the sliding bearings, between two U-shaped arms turned to the left, for example, of the second guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling.
Se ha de observar que la ubicación del primer elemento guiador variable y del segundo elemento guiador del primer acoplamiento guiador variable son intercambiables. It should be noted that the location of the first variable guiding element and the second guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling are interchangeable.
Los cojinetes de deslizamiento presentan en cada uno de los primeros elementos guiadores variables del primer acoplamiento guiador variable, un primer componente del cojinete que puede posicionarse ajustable. El primer elemento guiador variable del primer acoplamiento guiador variable puede ajustarse en una dirección paralela al eje longitudinal, de manera que, un segundo componente del cojinete está previsto en cada uno de los otros primeros elementos guiadores variables del primer acoplamiento guiador variable. The slide bearings have in each of the first variable guide elements of the first variable guide coupling, a first component of the bearing that can be positioned adjustable. The first variable guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling can be adjusted in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis, so that a second component of the bearing is provided in each of the other first variable guiding elements of the first variable guiding coupling.
Mediante el ajuste del primer componente del cojinete, pueden también encajarse o desencajarse directamente también ios dos componentes del cojinete de deslizamiento. By adjusting the first bearing component, the two plain bearing components can also be engaged or disengaged directly.
Para efectuar el encaje axial del primer elemento guiador variable del primer acoplamiento guiador variable puede colocarse, por tanto, el saliente deslizante más o menos encajado en el vaciado entre los dos brazos en forma de U girada hacia la izquierda del segundo elemento guiador del primer acopiamiento guiador variable.To effect the axial engagement of the first variable guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling, therefore, the sliding projection can be positioned more or less fitted in the recess between the two U-shaped arms turned to the left of the second guiding element of the first coupling. variable guide.
En lugar de rodamientos, el primer acoplamiento guiador variable presenta el cojinete de deslizamiento entre el primer elemento guiador variable y el segundo elemento guiador del primer acoplamiento guiador variable. Ei cojinete de deslizamiento presenta el primer componente del cojinete y ei segundo componente del cojinete que se asienta deslizante directamente sobre ambos extremos de una ranura pasante central alargada. Gracias a la utilización del cojinete de deslizamiento se pueden evitar cuerpos adicionales de rodadura, que son difíciles de colocar. Esto condiciona una simplificación esencial de la estructura de los medios de apoyo. Pero ai mismo tiempo también se facilita el montaje del primer acoplamiento guiador variable del marco anterior transversal de arriostramiento, y del armazón corredizo provisto con el marco anterior transversal de arriostramiento, puesto que durante el montaje no tienen que insertarse cuerpos rodantes adicionales Instead of bearings, the first variable guiding coupling features the sliding bearing between the first variable guiding element and the second guiding element of the first variable guiding coupling. The sleeve bearing features the first bearing component and the second bearing component which slidably sits directly on both ends of an elongated central through groove. Thanks to the use of the plain bearing, additional rolling elements, which are difficult to position, can be avoided. This conditions an essential simplification of the structure of the support means. But at the same time, the mounting of the first variable guiding coupling of the transverse front bracing frame, and of the sliding frame provided with the transverse front bracing frame, is also facilitated, since during assembly no additional rolling bodies have to be inserted.
El armazón corredizo comprende también al menos un carro de lanzamiento inferior dispuesto sobre las vigas transversales de ripado situadas sobre la superficie superior de un capitel de una pila de un puente o viaducto y por debajo del plano inferior del armazón corredizo, y al menos un carro de izado superior con capacidad de elevación suficiente, de manera que, los carros de lanzamiento inferiores puede desplazar el armazón corredizo hacia delante y hacia atrás sin desplazamiento de los mismos carros de lanzamiento inferiores. Sin embargo, el armazón corredizo es desplazable transversalmente, si ios carros de lanzamiento inferiores se desplazan transversalmente sobre las vigas transversales de ripado. The sliding frame also comprises at least one lower launching carriage arranged on the transverse ripping beams located on the upper surface of a capital of a pier of a bridge or viaduct and below the lower plane of the sliding frame, and at least one carriage upper lift with sufficient lifting capacity, so that the lower launch cars can move the sliding frame back and forth without displacement of the same lower launch cars. However, the sliding frame is transversely movable, if the lower launch cars are transversely displaced on the ripping cross beams.
El carro de lanzamiento inferior comprende un semicarro de ripado inferior acopiado mecánicamente a través de un acoplamiento giratorio a un semicarro de avance superior que comprende una primera transmisión de cremallera, donde al menos un primer piñón dentado engrana en ios dientes de una primera cremallera orientada a lo largo de un cordón inferior de un cuchillo del armazón corredizo, de manera que, la primera transmisión de cremallera transforma la rotación controlada del primer piñón dentado en un movimiento de translación controlado del armazón corredizo. The lower launch carriage comprises a lower ripping semi-rider mechanically coupled through a rotary coupling to an upper advance semi-carriage comprising a first rack transmission, where at least one first toothed pinion meshes with the teeth of a first rack oriented to along a lower chord of a sliding frame knife, so that the first rack transmission transforms the controlled rotation of the first toothed pinion into a controlled translational movement of the sliding frame.
Análogamente, el carro de izado superior comprende una segunda transmisión de cremallera, donde al menos un segundo piñón dentado engrana en los dientes de una segunda cremallera orientada a lo largo de un cordón superior de un cuchillo del armazón corredizo, de manera que, la segunda transmisión de cremallera transforma la rotación controlada del segundo piñón dentado en un movimiento de translación controlado del elemento constructivo. Similarly, the upper lifting carriage comprises a second rack transmission, where at least one second toothed pinion engages the teeth of a second rack oriented along an upper chord of a knife of the sliding frame, so that the second Rack transmission transforms the controlled rotation of the second toothed pinion into a controlled translational movement of the component.
El armazón corredizo comprende un controlador que está configurado para controlar individualmente el movimiento relativo de cada carro con respecto a la primera y segunda viga del armazón corredizo y, además, controla individualmente el movimiento relativo del semicarro de ripado inferior con respecto ai semicarro de avance superior. The sliding frame comprises a controller that is configured to individually control the relative movement of each carriage with respect to the first and second beams of the sliding frame and, furthermore, individually controls the relative movement of the lower gravel semi-rider with respect to the upper half-trailer. .
El armazón corredizo presenta una cinemática flexible y una adaptación a diferentes tipos de trazados de puentes o viaductos, con una amplia variedad de valores de pendientes longitudinales, El armazón corredizo es capaz de izar y bajar elementos constructivos y de transportar también los elementos constructivos sobre una trayectoria rectilínea y/o curva asociada a la alineación de pilas contiguas del puente. The sliding frame presents a flexible kinematics and an adaptation to different types of bridge or viaduct layouts, with a wide variety of values of longitudinal slopes.The sliding frame is capable of raising and lowering construction elements and also transporting the construction elements on a rectilinear and / or curved path associated with the alignment of contiguous piers of the bridge.
El armazón corredizo al disponer de movimientos controlados y regulados automáticamente requiere una presencia reducida de personal de operaciones para ejecutar la instalación de ios elementos constructivos en la posición final de montaje, todo ello, redunda en una reducción del tiempo de ejecución del puente o viaducto y, adicionalmente, en un incremento de la seguridad tanto para el personal que opera el armazón corredizo como para el propio armazón corredizo. Resumiendo, el armazón corredizo maneja con movimientos rápidos, precisos y seguros elementos de construcción hasta la instalación de estos en la posición final de montaje en el puente. El armazón corredizo se traslada con seguridad tanto en vacío como con carga y, además, la transmisión de cremallera, de piñón que engrana en los dientes de la cremallera orientada, ofrece una elevada precisión de posicionamiento de elementos constructivos en posiciones predeterminadas sobre pilas contiguas del puente, proporciona seguridad que evita el deslizamiento accidental del armazón corredizo y accidentes tales como caídas de carros de izado y de las vigas de celosía a montar. El armazón corredizo no se desliza por su propio peso, sino que es desplazado por una transmisión de cremallera que comprende al menos un piñón que engrana con ios dientes de ai menos una cremallera orientada a lo largo de un cordón inferior de un cuchillo del armazón corredizo, transformando la rotación controlada del al menos un piñón en un movimiento de translación controlado del armazón corredizo en carga o en vacío sin precisar un sistema de anclajes. The sliding frame, as it has automatically controlled and regulated movements, requires a reduced presence of operations personnel to carry out the installation of the constructive elements in the final assembly position, all of which results in a reduction in the execution time of the bridge or viaduct and , additionally, in an increase in safety both for the personnel who operate the sliding frame and for the sliding frame itself. In short, the sliding frame handles construction elements with fast, precise and safe movements until they are installed in the final mounting position on the bridge. The sliding frame moves safely both when empty and under load and, in addition, the rack and pinion transmission, which engages the teeth of the oriented rack, offers a high precision of positioning of construction elements in predetermined positions on adjacent stacks of the bridge, provides security that prevents accidental sliding of the sliding frame and accidents such as falls from lifting trolleys and from the lattice girders to be assembled. The sliding frame does not slide under its own weight, but is moved by a rack transmission comprising at least one pinion that meshes with the teeth of at least one rack oriented along a lower chord of a sliding frame knife. , transforming the controlled rotation of the at least one pinion into a controlled translational movement of the sliding frame under load or under no load without requiring an anchoring system.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Una explicación más detallada del dispositivo de acuerdo con realizaciones de la invención se da en la siguiente descripción basada en las figuras adjuntas en las que: la figura 1 muestra en una vista en alzado y en planta un armazón corredizo lanzador de vigas que comprende una primera viga y una segunda viga dispuestas paralelamente y unidas entre sí por medio de un marco anterior transversal y un marco posterior transversal, donde el armazón corredizo comprende un módulo trasero, ai menos un módulo intermedio y un módulo delantero, la figura 2 muestra el corte A-A en una vista en perfil del marco anterior transversal del armazón corredizo, la figura 3 muestra en una vista en perfil el despiece del marco anterior transversal del armazón corredizo, la figura 4 muestra en una vista en perfil un detalle del marco anterior transversal del armazón corredizo, la figura 5 muestra en una vista en alzado el despiece de un acoplamiento guiador variable, ia figura 6 muestra en una vista en alzado y una planta inferior del acoplamiento guiador variable, la figrua 7 muestra en una vista en alzado de un carro de lanzamiento, la figura 8 muestra en una vista en planta de un semicarro de avance superior, la figura 9 muestra en una vista en planta de un semicarro de ripado inferior, y la figrua 10 muestra en una vista en planta de un carro anterior de izado superior. DESCRIPCIÓN A more detailed explanation of the device according to embodiments of the invention is given in the following description based on the attached figures in which: Figure 1 shows in an elevation and plan view a sliding beam launching frame comprising a first beam and a second beam arranged in parallel and connected to each other by means of a transverse front frame and a transverse rear frame, where the sliding frame comprises a rear module, at least one intermediate module and a front module, figure 2 shows section AA in a profile view of the transverse front frame of the sliding frame, figure 3 shows in a profile view the exploded view of the transverse front frame of the sliding frame, figure 4 shows in a profile view a detail of the transverse front frame of the sliding frame , figure 5 shows in an elevation view the exploded view of a variable guide coupling, Figure 6 shows in an elevation view and a lower plan of the variable guiding coupling, Figure 7 shows in an elevation view of a launching carriage, Figure 8 shows in a plan view of an upper advance semi-trailer, the Figure 9 shows a plan view of a lower lifting semi-trolley, and Figure 10 shows a plan view of a front upper lifting trolley. DESCRIPTION
En relación ahora con la figura 1, donde se muestra un armazón corredizo 111 lanzador de vigas que comprende una primera viga 112 y una segunda viga 113, a saber, cuchillos que están dispuestos paralelamente a una determinada distancia de separación para realizar las operaciones de carga y colocación de elementos constructivos entre dos pilas consecutivas necesarias de un puente, viaducto o similar. Un elemento constructivo puede ser alojado dentro de ia anchura existente entre ia primera viga 112 y la segunda viga 113 del armazón corredizo 111, que se puede desplazar de manera controlada hasta una predeterminada posición final de montaje del elemento constructivo. Referring now to Figure 1, where a beam launching sliding frame 111 is shown comprising a first beam 112 and a second beam 113, namely knives that are arranged in parallel at a certain spacing distance to perform loading operations and placing construction elements between two necessary consecutive piers of a bridge, viaduct or the like. A constructive element can be housed within the width existing between the first beam 112 and the second beam 113 of the sliding frame 111, which can be moved in a controlled manner to a predetermined final assembly position of the constructive element.
El armazón corredizo 111 presenta una forma de sección transversal de! tipo rectangular y la primera viga 112 y segunda viga 113 presenta también una forma de sección transversal del tipo rectangular, triangular, triangular isósceles o similar. The sliding frame 111 has a cross-sectional shape of! rectangular type and the first beam 112 and second beam 113 also have a cross-sectional shape of the rectangular, triangular, isosceles triangular type or the like.
La primera viga 112 y la segunda viga 113 están fabricadas como vigas de celosía metálicas con una sección transversal triangular isósceles espacial, proporcionan dos cordones o bordes superiores de rodadura paralelos, dos cordones o bordes inferiores exteriores de rodadura paralelos y dos cordones o bordes inferiores interiores de rodadura paralelos. Los cordones tanto inferiores como superiores son continuos en cada viga de celosía metálica. The first beam 112 and the second beam 113 are fabricated as metal truss girders with a spatial isosceles triangular cross section, provide two parallel upper running chords or edges, two parallel outer running chords or lower edges and two inner lower chords or edges. parallel tracks. Both the lower and upper chords are continuous in each metal truss girder.
La primera viga 112 y la segunda viga 113 están acopladas mecánicamente por arriostramiento por medio de un marco anterior transversal 114 y un marco posterior transversal 115, que ayudan a que el armazón corredizo 111 se comporte como una estructura cerrada y permite mantener una determinada distancia de separación entre la primera viga 112 y segunda viga 113 de celosía metálica. En relación ahora con las figuras 2 a 6, el marco anterior transversal 114 de arriostram lento comprende al menos un primer acoplamiento guiador variable 211 y, análogamente, el marco posterior transversal 115 de arriostram lento comprende también un segundo acoplamiento guiador variable 211 que permiten un movimiento limitado relativo de translación longitudinal controlado de la primera viga 112 con respecto a la segunda viga 113 o viceversa, de manera que, si, por ejemplo, la primera viga 112 se adelanta controladamente con respecto a la segunda viga 113 del armazón corredizo 111 para proporcionar un desplazamiento diferencial, y seguidamente el armazón corredizo 111 se desplaza transversaimente por ripado de manera controlada, el armazón corredizo 111 es capaz de describir un movimiento de giro para seguir una trayectoria curva en planta del puente. The first beam 112 and the second beam 113 are mechanically coupled by bracing by means of a transverse front frame 114 and a transverse rear frame 115, which help the sliding frame 111 behave as a closed structure and allow to maintain a certain distance of spacing between the first beam 112 and second beam 113 of metal lattice. Referring now to Figures 2 to 6, the slow bracing front transverse frame 114 comprises at least one first variable guiding coupling 211 and, similarly, the slow bracing transverse rear frame 115 also comprises a second variable guiding coupling 211 that allow a limited relative movement of controlled longitudinal translation of the first beam 112 with respect to the second beam 113 or vice versa, so that, for example, the first beam 112 is controlledly advanced with respect to the second beam 113 of the sliding frame 111 to to provide a differential displacement, and then the sliding frame 111 moves transversely by ripping in a controlled manner, the sliding frame 111 is able to describe a turning movement to follow a curved path in plan of the bridge.
El marco anterior transversal 114 de arriostram lento comprende una primera porción superior 212 acoplada mecánicamente por un lado a un primer solidario de viga 214, que está acoplada mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la primera viga 112 de celosía metálica, y por el otro lado opuesto al lado anterior a un segundo solidario de viga 215, que está acoplado mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la segunda viga 113 de celosía metálica, y una segunda porción inferior 213 acoplada mecánicamente por un lado a un tercer solidario de viga, que está acoplada mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la primera viga 112 de celosía metálica, y por el otro lado opuesto ai lado anterior, al segundo acoplamiento guiador variable 211 que está acoplado mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la segunda viga 113 de celosía metálica, de manera que, el correspondiente borde de la primera porción superior 212 está acoplado mecánicamente por medio del primer acoplamiento guiador variable 211 del tipo rótula guiadora al segundo solidario de viga 215. El marco anterior transversal 114 de arriostramiento comprende el primer acoplamiento guiador variable 211 superior y un segundo acoplamiento guiador variable 211 inferior que, respectivamente, comprenden un primer elemento guiador variable 313 en forma de una pieza saliente 313 para la primera porción 212, y un segundo elemento guiador variable 314 en forma de U girada hacia la izquierda, por ejemplo, a contiguo al borde libre del segundo solidario de viga 215. The transverse front frame 114 of slow brace comprises a first upper portion 212 mechanically coupled on one side to a first integral beam 214, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the first metal lattice beam 112, and on the other opposite side on the front side to a second beam integral 215, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the second metal lattice beam 113, and a second lower portion 213 mechanically coupled on one side to a third beam integral, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the first metal lattice beam 112, and on the other side opposite the front side, to the second variable guiding coupling 211 which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the second metal lattice beam 113, so that, the corresponding edge of the first upper portion 212 is mechanically coupled by means of the first variable guiding coupling 211 of the guiding ball joint type to the second beam integral 215. The transverse front bracing frame 114 comprises the first variable guiding coupling 211 upper and a second variable guiding coupling 211 lower which, respectively, comprise a first variable guiding element 313 in the form of a piece projection 313 for the first portion 212, and a second variable guiding element 314 in the shape of a U turned to the left, for example, adjacent to the free edge of the second beam integral 215.
Un bulón 311 de unión delizable, en la posición de montado del mismo, acopia de forma deslizable el primer elemento guiador variable 313 en forma de pieza saliente 313, y el segundo elemento guiador variable 314 en forma de U girada hacia la izquierda. Como puede verse fácilmente en la figura 5, el segundo elemento guiador variable 314 en forma de una pieza en U girada hacia la izquierda envuelve con dos brazos 514 la pieza saliente 313. Los dos brazos 514 del segundo elemento guiador variable 314 presentan cada uno de los brazos una ranura pasante central alargada 512, cuyo eje longitudinal es paralelo al eje longitudinal del armazón corredizo 111. A slidable connecting bolt 311, in the assembled position thereof, slidably engages the first variable guiding element 313 in the form of a protruding part 313, and the second variable guiding element 314 in the shape of a U turned to the left. As can be easily seen in figure 5, the second variable guide element 314 in the form of a U-piece turned to the left surrounds the protruding piece 313 with two arms 514. The two arms 514 of the second variable guide element 314 each have the arms an elongated central through slot 512, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sliding frame 111.
Entre las superficies exteriores contiguas de la pieza saliente 313 y los brazos 514 están previstos medios de apoyo, cada uno en forma de un cojinete 513 de deslizamiento. Supporting means are provided between the contiguous outer surfaces of the boss 313 and the arms 514, each in the form of a slide bearing 513.
Cada cojinete 513 de deslizamiento presenta una ranura pasante central tubular pasante similar a la correspondiente ranura pasante central tubular 511 del de la pieza saliente 313. Each slide bearing 513 has a through tubular central through groove similar to the corresponding tubular central through groove 511 of the boss 313.
Cada componente del cojinete 513 está ubicado entre una superficie de la pieza saliente 313 y la correspondiente superficie adyacente de los brazos 514. Each component of bearing 513 is located between one surface of boss 313 and a corresponding adjacent surface of arms 514.
El bulón 311 independiente del primer elemento guiador variable 313 y del segundo elemento guiador variable 314 en forma de T con una pieza superior en forma de sombrero y parte inferior alargada insertable que sirve para la inserción a través de las correspondientes ranuras huecas alargadas 512 del segundo elemento guiador variable 314 y de la ranura pasante central alargada 512 del primer elemento guiador variable 313, correspondientes al primer acopiamiento guiador variable 211 superior y/o del segundo acoplamiento guiador variable 211 inferior del correspondiente marco transversal 114, 115 de arriostramiento. The bolt 311 independent of the first variable guide element 313 and the second variable guide element 314 in the shape of a T with a hat-shaped upper part and insertable elongated lower part that serves for insertion through the corresponding elongated hollow slots 512 of the second variable guiding element 314 and the elongated central through slot 512 of the first variable guiding element 313, corresponding to the first variable guiding coupling 211 upper and / or the second variable guiding coupling 211 lower of the corresponding transverse bracing frame 114, 115.
Para facilitar la introducción, el extremo libre de la parte inferior alargada del bulón 311 presenta una forma en bisel. La parte inferior alargada del bulón 311 tiene un diámetro exterior que corresponde aproximadamente ai ancho de la ranura pasante central alargada 512. La superficie exterior de la parte inferior alargada y la superficie exterior de la ranura pasante central alargada 512 están provisto con una superficie deslizante.To facilitate insertion, the free end of the lower elongated portion of bolt 311 has a bevel shape. The elongated lower part of the bolt 311 has an outer diameter approximately corresponding to the width of the elongated central through slot 512. The outer surface of the elongated bottom portion and the exterior surface of the elongated central through slot 512 are provided with a sliding surface.
Previamente a la introducción del bulón 311 en el interior de las ranuras pasantes centrales alargadas 512, en una posición de montaje deslizante, donde se ponen en contacto las superficies deslizantes, la primera viga 112 y la segunda viga 113 tiene que ser suspendidas para que cada pieza saliente 313 pueda ser insertada en el vaciado de ios brazos 514 del segundo elemento guiador variable 314. Seguidamente, el bulón 311 fijado en la posición de montaje deslizante por medio de arandela y tuerca, de manera que, la tuerca fijadora es roscada ai extremo libre de la parte inferior alargada del bulón 311. Prior to the insertion of the bolt 311 into the elongated central through-grooves 512, in a sliding mounting position, where the sliding surfaces come into contact, the first beam 112 and the second beam 113 have to be suspended so that each projecting piece 313 can be inserted into the recess of the arms 514 of the second variable guiding element 314. Next, the bolt 311 fixed in the sliding mounting position by means of a washer and nut, so that the fixing nut is threaded at the end free from the bottom elongated bolt 311.
El desplazamiento por deslizamiento controlado de la pieza saliente 313 dentro del vaciado de los brazos 514 del segundo elemento guiador variable 314 está guiado y limitado por las dimensiones físicas de las ranuras pasantes centrales alargadas512, por lo tanto, la ranura pasante central alargada 512 es un elemento limitador de desplazamiento relativo entra la primera viga 112 y la segunda viga 113 del armazón corredizo 111. The controlled sliding movement of the boss 313 within the recess of the arms 514 of the second variable guide member 314 is guided and limited by the physical dimensions of the elongated central through-slots512, therefore, the elongated central through-slot 512 is a relative displacement limiting element enters the first beam 112 and the second beam 113 of the sliding frame 111.
Análogamente, el marco posterior transversal 115 de arriostram lento comprende una primera porción superior 212 acoplada mecánicamente por un lado a un primer solidario de viga 214, que está acoplada mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la primera viga 112 de celosía metálica, y por el otro lado opuesto ai lado anterior a un segundo solidario de viga 215, que está acoplado mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la segunda viga 113 de celosía metálica, y una segunda porción inferior 213 acoplada mecánicamente por un lado a un tercer solidario de viga, que está acopiada mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la primera viga 112 de celosía metálica, y por el otro lado opuesto al lado anterior, al segundo acoplamiento guiador variable 211 que está acoplado mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la segunda viga 113 de celosía metálica, de manera que, el correspondiente borde de la primera porción superior 212 está acopiado mecánicamente por medio del primer acoplamiento guiador variable 211 del tipo rótula guiadora al segundo solidario de viga 215, Similarly, the transverse rear frame 115 with slow brace comprises a first upper portion 212 mechanically coupled on one side to a first integral beam 214, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the first metal lattice beam 112, and on the other side opposite side to the front side to a second integral beam 215, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the second metal lattice beam 113, and a second lower portion 213 mechanically coupled on one side to a third integral beam, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the first metal lattice beam 112, and on the other side opposite the front side, to the second variable guiding coupling 211 which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the second metal lattice beam 113, in such a way that, the corresponding edge of the first upper portion 212 is mechanically engaged by means of the first guided coupling variable r 211 of the guiding ball joint type to the second integral beam 215,
El primer y segundo acoplamiento guiador variable 211 del tipo rótula guiadora permiten acotar el movimiento relativo entre la primera viga 112 de celosía metálica y la segunda viga 113 de celosía metálica del armazón corredizo 111 de manera segura y controlada. El marco anterior transversal 114 de arriostram lento y el marco posterior transversal 115 de arriostram lento son marcos fabricados con material metálico. The first and second variable guiding couplings 211 of the guiding ball joint type make it possible to limit the relative movement between the first metal lattice beam 112 and the second metal lattice beam 113 of the sliding frame 111 in a safe and controlled manner. The slow bracing transverse front frame 114 and the slow bracing transverse rear frame 115 are frames made of metal material.
El desplazamiento longitudinal de la proyección saliente es según un eje longitudinal del armazón corredizo 111. The longitudinal displacement of the projecting projection is along a longitudinal axis of the sliding frame 111.
En relación ahora en las figuras 7 a 10, el armazón corredizo 111 comprende también ai menos un carro de lanzamiento inferior 711 dispuesto sobre unas vigas transversales de ripado horizontales situadas sobre la superficie superior del capitel rectangular de una pila del puente y por debajo del plano definido por unos cordones inferiores de la primera viga 112 y segunda viga 113. El carro de lanzamiento inferior 711 comprende un semicarro de ripado inferior 713 acoplado mecánicamente a un semicarro de avance superior 712 por medio de un acoplamiento mecánico giratorio 714, Ambos semicarros 712, 713 están dispuestos de forma móvil sobre el acoplamiento mecánico giratorio 714. Los motores eléctricos controlables que actúa sobre el acoplamiento mecánico giratorio 714 hacen posibles movimientos de posicionamiento exactos y rápidos de ambos semicarros 712, 713 y también un posicionamiento y parada en situación de giro. Referring now to Figures 7 to 10, the sliding frame 111 also comprises at least one lower launching carriage 711 arranged on horizontal ripping transverse beams located on the upper surface of the rectangular capital of a bridge stack and below the plane. defined by lower chords of the first beam 112 and second beam 113. The lower launch cart 711 comprises a lower ripping semi-trailer 713 mechanically coupled to an upper feed semi-trailer 712 by means of a rotary mechanical coupling 714. Both semi-rides 712, 713 are movably disposed on the rotary mechanical coupling 714. The motors Controllable electrical devices acting on the rotary mechanical coupling 714 make possible exact and rapid positioning movements of both half-faces 712, 713 and also positioning and stopping in a rotational situation.
El semicarro de ripado inferior 713 comprende unos rodillos de rodadura 716, rodillos de acero, que ruedan sobre las vigas de acero de ripado para desplazar transversalmente el armazón corredizo 111. The lower ripping semi-rider 713 comprises running rollers 716, steel rollers, which roll on the ripping steel beams to transversely move the sled frame 111.
El semicarro de avance superior 712 comprende al menos un primer piñón dentado 715 y un rodillo de rodadura 717, El al menos un primer piñón 715 engrana en los dientes de una primera cremallera orientada a lo largo de un cordón inferior exterior de una viga 112, 113 del armazón corredizo 111 para formar ai menos una primera transmisión de cremallera. El rodillo de rodadura 717 está dispuesto en el extremo opuesto del eje del primer piñón dentado 715, que rueda sin deslizar sobre el cordón inferior de rodadura interior de la viga 112, 113 del armazón 111. The upper advance half-carriage 712 comprises at least a first toothed pinion 715 and a rolling roller 717, The at least one first pinion 715 engages the teeth of a first rack oriented along an outer lower chord of a beam 112, 113 of the sliding frame 111 to form at least a first rack transmission. The rolling roller 717 is arranged at the opposite end of the shaft of the first toothed pinion 715, which rolls without sliding on the lower inner rolling bead of the beam 112, 113 of the frame 111.
Alternativamente, los rodillos de rodadura 717 pueden ser reemplazados por piñones dentados 715 que engranan en cremalleras dentadas orientadas a lo largo de los cordones inferior interiores de las vigas 112, 113 del armazón corredizo 111. Alternatively, the track rollers 717 may be replaced by toothed pinions 715 that mesh in toothed racks oriented along the inner bottom chords of the beams 112, 113 of the sliding frame 111.
La transmisión de cremallera evita el deslizamiento por su propio peso del armazón corredizo 111 cuando se desplaza hacia adelante y hacia atrás y se detiene en una determinada posición con un elevado grado de inclinación. The rack transmission prevents slipping under its own weight of the sliding frame 111 when it is moved back and forth and stops in a certain position with a high degree of inclination.
La transmisión de cremallera transforma la rotación controlada del primer piñón dentado 715 en un movimiento de translación controlado del armazón corredizo 111 hacia adelante o hacia atrás, de manera que, el armazón corredizo 111 puede ser desplazado hacia adelante y haca atrás con una inclinación mayor del 6%. The rack transmission transforms the controlled rotation of the first toothed pinion 715 into a controlled translational movement of the sliding frame 111 forward or backward, so that the sliding frame 111 can be moved forward and backward with an inclination greater than 6%.
El armazón corredizo 111 comprende un carro anterior de izado superior 811 y un carro posterior de izado superior 811, puentes grúas, que presentan capacidad de elevación suficiente y pueden recorrer controladamente los cordones superiores de las vigas 112, 113 del armazón corredizo 111. The sliding frame 111 comprises a front upper lifting trolley 811 and a rear upper lifting trolley 811, overhead cranes, which have sufficient lifting capacity and can travel the upper chords of the beams 112, 113 of the sliding frame 111 in a controlled manner.
Tanto el carro anterior de izado superior 811 como el carro posterior de izado superior 811 comprenden una segunda transmisión de cremallera, donde un segundo piñón superior dentado 812 engrana con los dientes de una segunda cremallera inferior orientada a lo largo del correspondiente cordón superior de la primera viga 112 y de la segunda viga 113 del armazón corredizo 111. Las segundas transmisiones de cremallera transforman controladamente la rotación de los segundos piñones superiores dentados 812 en un movimiento de translación controlado del elemento constructivo. Both the 811 upper lift front trolley and the upper lift rear trolley 811 comprise a second rack transmission, where a second upper toothed pinion 812 meshes with the teeth of a second lower rack oriented along the corresponding upper chord of the first beam 112 and of the second beam 113 of the sliding frame 111. The second Rack drives transform the rotation of the second upper toothed pinions 812 into a controlled translational movement of the constructive element in a controlled manner.
Las transmisiones de cremallera comprenden motores eléctricos controlables, servomotores eléctricos, que actúa sobre el correspondiente segundo piñón superior dentado 812 y hace posibles movimientos de posieionamiento exactos y rápidos. El motor eléctrico está conectado a un controlador del armazón corredizo 111 para controlar a distancia e independientemente el movimiento relativo de cada carro de izado superior 811 con respecto a la primera 112 y segunda viga 113 del armazón corredizo 111. La segunda transmisión de cremallera está dispuesta en proximidad a la superficie inferior del correspondiente carro de izado superior 811 y entre las superficies verticales laterales de los carros de izado superiores 811. Rack drives comprise controllable electric motors, electric servomotors, which act on the corresponding second upper toothed pinion 812 and make exact and fast positioning movements possible. The electric motor is connected to a controller of the sliding frame 111 to remotely and independently control the relative movement of each upper hoist carriage 811 with respect to the first 112 and second beam 113 of the sliding frame 111. The second rack transmission is arranged in proximity to the lower surface of the corresponding upper lifting trolley 811 and between the lateral vertical surfaces of the upper lifting trolleys 811.
Consecuentemente, los carros de izado superiores 811 dispuestos sobre los cordones superiores de rodadura paralelos son movibles linealmente entre el extremo anterior frontal del armazón corredizo 111 y el extremo posterior frontal del armazón corredizo 111, de manera que, pueden izar o arriar un elemento constructivo y pueden transportar también el elemento constructivo longitudinal hasta su posición de montaje final sobre pilas contiguas de un puente o viaducto. Consequently, the upper lifting carriages 811 arranged on the parallel upper rolling chords are linearly movable between the front front end of the sliding frame 111 and the front rear end of the sliding frame 111, so that they can lift or lower a construction element and they can also transport the longitudinal construction element to its final assembly position on adjacent piers of a bridge or viaduct.
Los carros de lanzamiento inferiores 711 son movibles y accionadles independientemente entre sí al estar situados cada uno de ellos sobre el correspondiente capitel de una pila de un puente o viaducto, de manera que, el armazón corredizo 111 puede ser movido por los carros de lanzamiento inferiores 711 hacia adelante y hacia atrás, movimientos de avance lineales y rectos, y transversalmente por ripado con relación a pilas contiguas del puente, movimientos de translación por ripado curvos. The lower launch cars 711 are movable and operated independently of each other as each one of them is located on the corresponding capital of a pier of a bridge or viaduct, so that the sliding frame 111 can be moved by the lower launch cars. 711 forward and backward, linear and straight forward movements, and transversely by ripping relative to adjacent piers of the bridge, curved ripping translational movements.
Las vigas 112, 113 de celosía metálicas han sido diseñadas como modulares. En los extremos de las mismas vigas 112, 113 se colocan dos módulos especiales, denominados frontal y trasero, definiendo en su cordón inferior una curva, que permite ia entrada en los correspondientes carros de lanzamiento inferiores del armazón corredizo 111. The metal lattice girders 112, 113 have been designed as modular. At the ends of the same beams 112, 113 two special modules are placed, called front and rear, defining a curve in their lower chord, which allows the entry into the corresponding lower launch carts of the sliding frame 111.
El armazón corredizo 111 comprende un controlador que controla individual e independientemente entre sí el movimiento de todos los carros y semicarros del armazón corredizo 111. The sliding frame 111 comprises a controller that controls individually and independently of each other the movement of all the carriages and half-carriages of the sliding frame 111.
El controlador está configurado para controlar sincronizadamente el conjunto de motores de los carros y semicarros de forma remota. The controller is configured to synchronously control the set of engines of the cars and semi-trucks remotely.
El controlador puede accionar los motores accionadores eléctricos de manera sincronizada para desplazar longitudinalmente el armazón corredizo 111 y/o puede accionar un determinado grupo de motores accionadores para desplazar independientemente una única viga de celosía metálica 112, 113. The controller can drive the electric drive motors in a synchronized manner to longitudinally move the sliding frame 111 and / or can drive a certain group of drive motors to independently move a single metal lattice girder 112, 113.
El armazón corredizo 111 se supervisa por al menos un sensor y su ubicación es función de la variación física que tienen que medir. Las mediciones son útiles para el calculo de ia velocidad de desplazamiento, aceleraciones, nivel de carga, translaciones por ripado, tensiones, presiones, etc.. The sliding frame 111 is monitored by at least one sensor and its location is a function of the physical variation that they have to measure. The measurements are useful for calculating the displacement speed, accelerations, load level, translations due to ripping, tensions, pressures, etc.
Los sensores son conectadles directamente al controlador donde la transmisión de datos o señales entre ios sensores y el controlador es realizable a través de conexiones físicas o inalámbricas de comunicación, de manera que, las comunicaciones inalámbricas requieren transmisores y receptores correspondientes a las señales de datos. The sensors are directly connected to the controller where the transmission of data or signals between the sensors and the controller is possible through physical or wireless communication connections, so that wireless communications require transmitters and receivers corresponding to the data signals.
El controlador comprende al menos un procesador que ejecuta un algoritmo de control a partir de los datos recibidos desde ia pluralidad de sensores para suministrar señales de instrucción y mando hacia los diferentes elementos desplazables del armazón corredizo 111. The controller comprises at least one processor that executes a control algorithm from the data received from the plurality of sensors to supply command and command signals to the different movable elements of the sliding frame 111.
LISTA DE REFERENCIAS NUMÉRICASLIST OF NUMERICAL REFERENCES
111 armazón corredizo 111 sliding frame
112 primera viga 112 first beam
113 segunda viga 114 marco anterior transversa! 113 second beam 114 transverse anterior frame!
115 marco posterior transversal 115 transverse rear frame
211 acoplamiento guiador variable 211 variable guide coupling
212 primera porción superior 212 first upper portion
213 segunda porción inferior 214 primer solidario de viga 213 second lower portion 214 first integral beam
215 segundo solidario de viga 311 bulón 215 second integral of beam 311 bolt
313 primer elemento guiador variable 313 first variable guiding element
314 segundo elemento guiador variable 511 ranura pasante central tubular pasante314 second variable guiding element 511 through central tubular through groove
512 ranura pasante central alargada pasante512 elongated central through slot
513 cojinetes de deslizamiento 513 sleeve bearings
514 brazos en forma de U 514 U-shaped arms
711 carro de lanzamiento inferior 712 semicarro de avance superior 711 Lower Launch Cart 712 Upper Advance Half Car
713 semicarro de ripado inferior 713 lower ripping semi-rider
714 acoplamiento mecánico giratorio primer piñón dentado, 717 rodillos de rodadura carro de izado superior segundo piñón dentado 714 rotary mechanical coupling first gear sprocket, 717 track rollers upper hoist carriage second gear sprocket

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Un armazón corredizo de transporte de elementos constructivos que comprende una primera viga (112) y una segunda viga (113) y al menos un carro de lanzamiento inferior (711) despiazable transversalmenle sobre vigas transversales de ripado dispuestas sobre ai menos un capitel de al menos una pila de un puente, caracterizado por que el carro de lanzamiento inferior (711) comprende un semicarro de avance superior (712) que comprende a! menos un primer piñón dentado (715) engranabie a ios dientes de una cremallera orientada a lo largo de un cordón inferior de una viga (112, 113) que transforma la rotación controlada del piñón dentado (715) en un movimiento controlado hacia adelante o hacia atrás del armazón corredizo (111), 1. A sliding frame for transporting construction elements comprising a first beam (112) and a second beam (113) and at least one lower launching carriage (711) which can be transversely deployed on transverse ripping beams arranged on at least one capital of at least one stack of a bridge, characterized in that the lower launch carriage (711) comprises an upper advance half-carriage (712) comprising a! less a first toothed pinion (715) engages the teeth of a rack oriented along a lower chord of a beam (112, 113) that transforms the controlled rotation of the toothed pinion (715) into a controlled forward or backward movement. behind the sliding frame (111),
2. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, donde el carro de lanzamiento inferior (711) comprende un semicarro de ripado inferior (713) que comprende un acoplamiento mecánico giratorio (714) variable acoplado mecánicamente al semicarro de avance superior (712). Frame according to claim 1, wherein the lower launching carriage (711) comprises a lower ripping semi-rider (713) comprising a variable rotary mechanical coupling (714) mechanically coupled to the upper advance semi-rider (712).
3. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 2, donde la primera viga (112) y la segunda viga (113) son vigas de celosía metálicas. Frame according to claim 2, wherein the first beam (112) and the second beam (113) are metal lattice beams.
4. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 3, donde la primera viga (112) y la segunda viga (113) presentan una sección transversal triangular isósceles. Frame according to claim 3, wherein the first beam (112) and the second beam (113) have an isosceles triangular cross section.
5. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 4, donde la primera viga (112) y la segunda viga (113) comprenden un cordón inferior exterior sobre el que está dispuesta la cremallera orientada y un cordón inferior interior que presenta una superficie plana de rodadura, Frame according to claim 4, wherein the first beam (112) and the second beam (113) comprise an outer lower chord on which the oriented rack is arranged and an inner lower chord presenting a flat rolling surface,
6. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 5, donde la viga (112, 113) comprende un cordón superior sobre el que está dispuesta una cremallera orientada,Frame according to claim 5, wherein the beam (112, 113) comprises an upper chord on which an oriented rack is arranged,
7. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 6, donde el armazón corredizo (11) comprende al menos un carro de izado superior (811) que comprende al menos un segundo piñón superior dentado (812) engranadle en los dientes de la cremallera orientada a lo largo del ai menos un cordón superior que transforma la rotación controlada del piñón en un movimiento controlado hacia adelante y hacia atrás de un elemnto constructivo. Frame according to claim 6, wherein the sliding frame (11) comprises at least one upper lifting carriage (811) comprising at least one second upper toothed pinion (812) meshing with the teeth of the rack oriented to it. length of the ai minus an upper chord that transforms the controlled rotation of the pinion into a controlled back and forth movement of a building element.
8. Armazón de acuerdo con cualquiera de las anteriores reivindicaciones, donde la primera viga (112) y la segunda viga (113) están acopladas mecánicamente por medio de un marco anterior transversal (114) de arriostramiento y un marco posterior transversal (115) de arriostramiento, que mantienen una determinada distancia de separación entre la primera viga (112) y segunda viga (113). Frame according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first beam (112) and the second beam (113) are mechanically coupled by means of a transverse front bracing frame (114) and a transverse rear frame (115) of bracing, which maintain a certain distance between the first beam (112) and the second beam (113).
9. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 8, donde el marco transversal de (114, 115) arriostramiento comprende una primera porción superior (212) acopiada mecánicamente por un lado a un primer solidario de viga (214), que está acopiada mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la primera viga 112 de celosía metálica, y por el otro lado opuesto al lado anterior a un segundo solidario de viga (215), que está acoplado mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la segunda viga (113) de celosía metálica. Frame according to claim 8, wherein the transverse bracing frame (114, 115) comprises a first upper portion (212) mechanically coupled on one side to a first beam integral (214), which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the first metal lattice beam 112, and on the other side opposite the front side to a second integral beam (215), which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the second metal lattice beam (113).
10. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 9, donde el marco transversal de (114, 115) arriostramiento comprende una segunda porción inferior (213) acopiada mecánicamente por un lado a un tercer solidario de viga, que está acoplada mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la primera viga (112) de celosía metálica, y por el otro lado opuesto al lado anterior, al segundo acoplamiento guiador variable (211) que está acoplado mecánicamente a la superficie interior de la segunda viga (113) de celosía metálica. Frame according to claim 9, wherein the transverse bracing frame (114, 115) comprises a second lower portion (213) mechanically coupled on one side to a third integral beam, which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the first metal lattice beam (112), and on the other side opposite the front side, to the second variable guiding coupling (211) which is mechanically coupled to the inner surface of the second metal lattice beam (113).
11. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 9, donde la primera porción (212) del marco transversal (114, 115) de arriostramiento presenta una longitud lineal mayor que la longitud lineal de la segunda porción (213) del correspondiente marco transversal (114, 115) de arriostramiento. Frame according to claim 9, wherein the first portion (212) of the transverse bracing frame (114, 115) has a linear length greater than the linear length of the second portion (213) of the corresponding transverse frame (114, 115) of bracing.
12. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 9, donde el acoplamiento guiador variable (211) es del tipo rótula guiadora. Frame according to claim 9, wherein the variable guiding coupling (211) is of the guiding ball joint type.
13. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 10, donde hay al menos un acoplamiento guiador variable (211) que permite un movimiento relativo de translación longitudinal controlado hacia adelante o hacia atrás entre la primera viga (112) y la segunda viga (113) para que ¡a primera viga (112) se adelanta controladamente con respecto a la segunda viga (113) del armazón corredizo (111) o viceversa. Frame according to claim 10, wherein there is at least one variable guiding coupling (211) allowing a controlled longitudinal translation relative movement forward or backward between the first beam (112) and the second beam (113) to that the first beam (112) advances in a controlled manner with respect to the second beam (113) of the sliding frame (111) or vice versa.
14. Armazón de acuerdo con cualquiera de las anteriores reivindicaciones, donde el marco anterior transversal (114, 115) de arriostramiento comprende un primer acopiamiento guiador variable (211) superior y un primer acoplamiento guiador variable (211) inferior que comprenden un primer elemento guiador variable (313) y al menos un segundo elemento guiador variable (314). Frame according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the front transverse bracing frame (114, 115) comprises an upper first variable guiding coupling (211) and a first guiding coupling lower variable (211) comprising a first variable guiding element (313) and at least one second variable guiding element (314).
15. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 14, donde entre el primer elemento guiador variable (313) y el al menos un segundo elemento guiador variable (314) están dispuestos ajustablemente cojinetes de deslizamiento (513). Frame according to claim 14, wherein between the first variable guide element (313) and the at least one second variable guide element (314), sliding bearings (513) are adjustably arranged.
16. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 15, donde el primer elemento guiador variable (313) es alojadle entre dos brazos (514) en forma de U girada hacia la izquierda del segundo elemento guiador variable (314). 16. Frame according to claim 15, wherein the first variable guide element (313) is housed between two arms (514) in a U-shape turned to the left of the second variable guide element (314).
17. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 16, donde el ai menos un segundo elemento guiador variable (314) comprenden una ranura pasante central alargada (311), cuyo eje longitudinal es paralelo al eje longitudinal del armazón corredizo (111). 17. Frame according to claim 16, wherein the ai minus one second variable guiding element (314) comprise an elongated central through groove (311), the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sliding frame (111).
18. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 16, donde primer elemento guiador variable (313) comprende una ranura pasant ecentral tubular (511). Frame according to claim 16, wherein the first variable guiding element (313) comprises a central tubular through groove (511).
19. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 16, donde el cojinete (513) de deslizamiento comprende la ranura pasante central. Frame according to claim 16, wherein the sliding bearing (513) comprises the central through groove.
20. Armazón de acuerdo con la reivindicación 16, donde un bulón (311) independiente del primer elemento guiador variable (313) y del segundo elemento guiador variable (314) presenta una forma de T con una pieza superior en forma de sombrero y parte inferior alargada es insertadle a través de las correspondientes ranuras huecas (3511, 512) del primer elemento guiador variable (313), del segundo elemento guiador variable (314) y de los cojinetes de deslizamiento (513). Frame according to claim 16, wherein a bolt (311) independent of the first variable guiding element (313) and of the second variable guiding element (314) has a T-shape with an upper part in the shape of a hat and a lower part The elongate is inserted through the corresponding hollow slots (3511, 512) of the first variable guide element (313), the second variable guide element (314) and the slide bearings (513).
PCT/ES2020/070043 2020-01-21 2020-01-21 Sliding framework for the installation of beams in bridges WO2021148686A1 (en)

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US3490605A (en) * 1967-04-24 1970-01-20 Kurt Koss Traveling beam for the production of bridge sections
ES414492A1 (en) * 1973-01-16 1976-11-16 Zambon Cart for the placement of prefabricated pieces. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
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KR101162596B1 (en) * 2012-02-21 2012-07-04 동방엔지니어링 주식회사 Middle leg for launching girder
KR101162346B1 (en) * 2012-04-02 2012-07-04 브릿지테크놀러지(주) Launching box using l-box structure and moving appratus and bridge construction method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3490605A (en) * 1967-04-24 1970-01-20 Kurt Koss Traveling beam for the production of bridge sections
ES414492A1 (en) * 1973-01-16 1976-11-16 Zambon Cart for the placement of prefabricated pieces. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
US4282978A (en) * 1980-01-28 1981-08-11 Antonio Zambon Bridge crane for the emplacement of elongate prefabricated members of structures spanning a multiplicity of spaced-apart supports
EP0102900A2 (en) * 1982-09-06 1984-03-14 Cercomat S.A. Launching gantry for girders between piers of bridges
WO2012039547A2 (en) * 2010-09-20 2012-03-29 이케이중공업주식회사 Bridge construction crane for installing a girder in a curved section
KR101162596B1 (en) * 2012-02-21 2012-07-04 동방엔지니어링 주식회사 Middle leg for launching girder
KR101162346B1 (en) * 2012-04-02 2012-07-04 브릿지테크놀러지(주) Launching box using l-box structure and moving appratus and bridge construction method

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